BRPI0619938A2 - nano agrupamentos para envio de terapêuticos - Google Patents

nano agrupamentos para envio de terapêuticos Download PDF

Info

Publication number
BRPI0619938A2
BRPI0619938A2 BRPI0619938-0A BRPI0619938A BRPI0619938A2 BR PI0619938 A2 BRPI0619938 A2 BR PI0619938A2 BR PI0619938 A BRPI0619938 A BR PI0619938A BR PI0619938 A2 BRPI0619938 A2 BR PI0619938A2
Authority
BR
Brazil
Prior art keywords
nano
nanoparticles
cluster
nanoparticle
active ingredient
Prior art date
Application number
BRPI0619938-0A
Other languages
English (en)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Cory J Berkland
Lianjun Shi
Original Assignee
Univ Kansas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Univ Kansas filed Critical Univ Kansas
Publication of BRPI0619938A2 publication Critical patent/BRPI0619938A2/pt

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/51Nanocapsules; Nanoparticles
    • A61K9/5107Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/5115Inorganic compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/1682Processes
    • A61K9/1688Processes resulting in pure drug agglomerate optionally containing up to 5% of excipient
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/51Nanocapsules; Nanoparticles
    • A61K9/5107Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/513Organic macromolecular compounds; Dendrimers
    • A61K9/5146Organic macromolecular compounds; Dendrimers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyamines, polyanhydrides
    • A61K9/5153Polyesters, e.g. poly(lactide-co-glycolide)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/51Nanocapsules; Nanoparticles
    • A61K9/5192Processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2991Coated
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2991Coated
    • Y10T428/2998Coated including synthetic resin or polymer

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
BRPI0619938-0A 2005-12-16 2006-12-14 nano agrupamentos para envio de terapêuticos BRPI0619938A2 (pt)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US75117205P 2005-12-16 2005-12-16
US60/751.172 2005-12-16
PCT/US2006/062118 WO2007076295A2 (en) 2005-12-16 2006-12-14 Nanoclusters for delivery of therapeutics

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
BRPI0619938A2 true BRPI0619938A2 (pt) 2011-10-25

Family

ID=37808148

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BRPI0619938-0A BRPI0619938A2 (pt) 2005-12-16 2006-12-14 nano agrupamentos para envio de terapêuticos

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (3) US7651770B2 (https=)
EP (1) EP1968550A2 (https=)
JP (1) JP2009519975A (https=)
CN (1) CN101370479A (https=)
AU (1) AU2006330627A1 (https=)
BR (1) BRPI0619938A2 (https=)
CA (1) CA2633380A1 (https=)
IL (1) IL192159A0 (https=)
MX (1) MX2008007697A (https=)
WO (1) WO2007076295A2 (https=)
ZA (1) ZA200805918B (https=)

Families Citing this family (50)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040096515A1 (en) * 2001-12-07 2004-05-20 Bausch Andreas R. Methods and compositions for encapsulating active agents
WO2006096571A2 (en) 2005-03-04 2006-09-14 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Method and apparatus for forming multiple emulsions
US8906392B2 (en) * 2005-12-16 2014-12-09 University Of Kansas Nanocluster compositions and methods
US7993749B2 (en) * 2005-12-16 2011-08-09 University Of Kansas Nanoparticles comprising a nanoparticle template and a polymer shell having an amide side chain, and method of making thereof
WO2010009146A1 (en) * 2008-07-15 2010-01-21 University Of Kansas Nanoclusters for delivery of poorly water soluble drug nanoparticles
US8445018B2 (en) 2006-09-15 2013-05-21 Cima Labs Inc. Abuse resistant drug formulation
CA2685054C (en) * 2007-04-27 2014-11-04 Kyushu University, National University Corporation Agent for treatment of pulmonary disease
CA2691531C (en) 2007-06-22 2016-11-01 Board Of Regents,The University Of Texas System Formation of stable submicron peptide or protein particles by thin film freezing
US20090047318A1 (en) * 2007-08-16 2009-02-19 Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. Nanoparticle-coated medical devices and formulations for treating vascular disease
US20090123509A1 (en) * 2007-11-08 2009-05-14 Cory Berkland Biodegradable Colloidal Gels as Moldable Tissue Engineering Scaffolds
US20090169639A1 (en) * 2007-12-28 2009-07-02 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Particles for injection and processes for forming the same
WO2009136541A1 (ja) * 2008-05-09 2009-11-12 アークレイ株式会社 不溶性担体粒子の製造方法、不溶性担体粒子、測定試薬、検体分析用具および免疫比濁法
RU2508093C2 (ru) * 2008-07-01 2014-02-27 Нитто Денко Корпорейшн Фармацевтическая композиция, содержащая микрочастицы с поверхностным покрытием
EP2376522A4 (en) 2008-11-16 2013-12-25 Univ Texas LOW VISCOSIS HIGHLY CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS
US8053744B2 (en) * 2009-04-13 2011-11-08 Src, Inc. Location analysis using nucleic acid-labeled tags
US10952965B2 (en) * 2009-05-15 2021-03-23 Baxter International Inc. Compositions and methods for drug delivery
WO2011028764A2 (en) 2009-09-02 2011-03-10 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Multiple emulsions created using jetting and other techniques
US10525152B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2020-01-07 Signablok, Inc. Methods and compositions for targeted imaging
US12419839B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2025-09-23 Signablok, Inc. Methods and compositions for targeted delivery of protein fragments
KR101878749B1 (ko) * 2010-03-05 2018-07-17 삼성전자주식회사 표적 세포의 분리 방법 및 키트
KR20130016284A (ko) * 2010-03-17 2013-02-14 바스프 에스이 용융 유화
HUP1000299A2 (hu) 2010-06-08 2012-02-28 Nanoform Cardiovascular Therapeutics Ltd Nanostrukturált Atorvastatint, gyógyszerészetileg elfogadott sóit és kokristályait tartalmazó készítmény és eljárás elõállításukra
US8703493B2 (en) 2010-06-15 2014-04-22 Src, Inc. Location analysis using fire retardant-protected nucleic acid-labeled tags
US20120016217A1 (en) * 2010-07-15 2012-01-19 Indian Institute Of Technology Bombay Biosensor for health monitoring and uses thereof
WO2012018628A1 (en) 2010-07-26 2012-02-09 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Methods for inducing an immune response via buccal and/or sublingual administration of a vaccine
US8716027B2 (en) 2010-08-03 2014-05-06 Src, Inc. Nucleic acid-labeled tags associated with odorant
WO2012074588A2 (en) * 2010-08-30 2012-06-07 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Shear controlled release for stenotic lesions and thrombolytic therapies
CA2829629A1 (en) * 2011-03-10 2012-09-13 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Protein nanoparticle dispersions
BR112013029729A2 (pt) 2011-05-23 2017-01-24 Basf Se controle de emulsões, incluindo emulsões múltiplas
WO2012162555A2 (en) * 2011-05-24 2012-11-29 The Regents Of The University Of California Heparin nanoclusters
AR086842A1 (es) * 2011-06-02 2014-01-29 Fab Nac Moneda Y Timbre Es Uso de marcadores raman para autentificacion de documentos de seguridad
CN103764265A (zh) 2011-07-06 2014-04-30 哈佛学院院长等 多重乳剂和用于配制多重乳剂的技术
CN104470503A (zh) * 2012-04-13 2015-03-25 葛兰素史克知识产权开发有限公司 聚集粒子
CN104684546A (zh) * 2012-06-07 2015-06-03 哈佛大学校长及研究员协会 用于药物靶向的纳米疗法
US9757529B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2017-09-12 Otitopic Inc. Dry powder inhaler and methods of use
US9757395B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2017-09-12 Otitopic Inc. Dry powder inhaler and methods of use
US9974850B2 (en) 2013-01-25 2018-05-22 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Immunogenic compositions and uses thereof
AU2013388034B2 (en) 2013-04-30 2019-08-15 Aspeya US Inc. Dry powder formulations and methods of use
KR20160042079A (ko) 2013-08-13 2016-04-18 노쓰웨스턴유니버시티 펩티드-접합된 입자
CA2930277A1 (en) * 2013-11-13 2015-05-21 Tillotts Pharma Ag Multi-particulate drug delivery system
CN104550936B (zh) * 2014-12-31 2017-05-31 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 纳米颗粒组装的胶状体材料及其制备方法
JP6910029B2 (ja) 2015-08-17 2021-07-28 国立研究開発法人科学技術振興機構 ナノクラスター分散液、ナノクラスター膜、ナノクラスター分散体、ナノクラスター分散液の製造方法およびナノクラスター分散液の製造装置
WO2017083717A1 (en) * 2015-11-11 2017-05-18 Qrono, Inc. Sustained release pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use
KR101803283B1 (ko) * 2016-12-30 2017-12-01 (주)아모레퍼시픽 항노화용 또는 주름개선용 화장료 조성물
US11446391B2 (en) 2017-07-06 2022-09-20 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Amphiphilic dye-coated inorganic nanoparticle clusters
JP7493449B2 (ja) 2017-09-22 2024-05-31 ヴェクチュラ インコーポレイテッド ステアリン酸マグネシウムを含む乾燥粉末組成物
US10786456B2 (en) 2017-09-22 2020-09-29 Otitopic Inc. Inhaled aspirin and magnesium to treat inflammation
WO2019165240A1 (en) * 2018-02-23 2019-08-29 Rhnanopharma Nanosuspensions of salsalate and methods of using the same
CN114901261A (zh) * 2019-04-02 2022-08-12 淅川海灵生物科技有限公司 细胞外液中激活的原子粒子的动态团簇
KR20230088732A (ko) 2020-09-29 2023-06-20 옥스포드 유니버시티 이노베이션 리미티드 뇌졸중 치료

Family Cites Families (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09913A (ja) * 1995-06-14 1997-01-07 Res Dev Corp Of Japan コロイド粒子クラスターとその形成方法
US5814370A (en) * 1996-06-11 1998-09-29 Sandia Corporation Encapsulation of nanoclusters in dried gel materials via an inverse micelle/sol gel synthesis
US7521068B2 (en) * 1998-11-12 2009-04-21 Elan Pharma International Ltd. Dry powder aerosols of nanoparticulate drugs
US6656568B1 (en) * 1999-05-28 2003-12-02 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado Ordered arrays of nanoclusters
GB9929919D0 (en) * 1999-12-17 2000-02-09 Hannah Research Inst The Calcium phosphate nanoclusters and their applications
JP2003535063A (ja) * 2000-06-01 2003-11-25 ザ・ボード・オブ・リージェンツ・フォー・オクラホマ・ステート・ユニバーシティー 放射線医薬としてのナノ粒子のバイオコンジュゲート
EP1355630B1 (en) 2000-08-15 2009-11-25 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Method of forming microparticles
WO2003022910A1 (en) 2001-09-08 2003-03-20 Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Synthesis and uses of polymer gel nanoparticle networks
US7563457B2 (en) * 2001-10-02 2009-07-21 The Regents Of The University Of California Nanoparticle assembled hollow spheres
US20030062372A1 (en) * 2001-10-02 2003-04-03 Metso Minerals (Trelleborg) Ab Wear-resistant lining element and wear lining made thereof
US6562403B2 (en) * 2001-10-15 2003-05-13 Kansas State University Research Foundation Synthesis of substantially monodispersed colloids
EP1470563A2 (en) * 2002-01-25 2004-10-27 Konarka Technologies, Inc. Photovoltaic cell components and materials
JP2005519129A (ja) * 2002-03-05 2005-06-30 クリーブランド ステート ユニバーシティー エアロゾル薬物送達のための凝集粒子
IL164661A0 (en) 2002-03-18 2005-12-18 Vaxdesign Corp Dentritic cell nodes
JP4142318B2 (ja) * 2002-03-20 2008-09-03 株式会社ホソカワ粉体技術研究所 薬物含有複合粒子の製造方法
EP1534202B1 (en) * 2002-06-05 2009-03-11 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Ophthalmic drug delivery system
US20050255164A1 (en) 2002-08-15 2005-11-17 Yunging Liu Solid nano pharmaceutical formulation and preparation method thereof
US7811605B2 (en) * 2002-11-06 2010-10-12 Uluru Inc. Method of formation of shape-retentive aggregates of gel particles and their uses
US6928201B2 (en) * 2002-11-15 2005-08-09 Sunrise Telecom Incorporated Method and apparatus for providing controllable second-order polarization mode dispersion
AU2004233873B2 (en) 2003-04-25 2010-11-18 The Penn State Research Foundation Method and system for systemic delivery of growth arresting, lipid-derived bioactive compounds
US20050053667A1 (en) 2003-07-09 2005-03-10 Darrell Irvine Programmed immune responses using a vaccination node
CA2435632A1 (en) 2003-07-21 2005-01-21 Warren Hugh Finlay Formulation of powder containing nanoparticles for aerosol delivery to the lung
WO2005058472A2 (en) * 2003-12-19 2005-06-30 Scf Technologies A/S Systems for preparing fine particles and other substances
WO2005063306A1 (en) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-14 Bracco Research Sa Assembly of gas-filled microvesicle with active component for contrast imaging
US7610074B2 (en) 2004-01-08 2009-10-27 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Multi-functional plasmon-resonant contrast agents for optical coherence tomography

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2006330627A1 (en) 2007-07-05
JP2009519975A (ja) 2009-05-21
EP1968550A2 (en) 2008-09-17
ZA200805918B (en) 2009-05-27
CN101370479A (zh) 2009-02-18
US7651770B2 (en) 2010-01-26
US20070172653A1 (en) 2007-07-26
US20090081295A1 (en) 2009-03-26
MX2008007697A (es) 2008-09-26
IL192159A0 (en) 2008-12-29
US20090053316A1 (en) 2009-02-26
WO2007076295A2 (en) 2007-07-05
WO2007076295A3 (en) 2007-11-29
CA2633380A1 (en) 2007-07-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7651770B2 (en) Nanoclusters for delivery of therapeutics
US9278069B2 (en) Nanoclusters compositions and methods
Pardeshi et al. Solid lipid based nanocarriers: An overview/Nanonosaci na bazi cvrstih lipida: Pregled
JP6590750B2 (ja) 粘膜浸透が増強されたかまたは炎症が低減されたナノ粒子
US8853260B2 (en) Formulations of pharmacological agents, methods for the preparation thereof and methods for the use thereof
WO2010009146A1 (en) Nanoclusters for delivery of poorly water soluble drug nanoparticles
US8137684B2 (en) Formulations of pharmacological agents, methods for the preparation thereof and methods for the use thereof
EP1023050B1 (en) Novel formulations of pharmacological agents, methods for the preparation thereof and methods for the use thereof
US20070117863A1 (en) Novel formulations of pharmacological agents, methods for the preparation thereof and methods for the use thereof
US8501232B2 (en) Process of forming and modifying particles and compositions produced thereby
Bohr et al. Nanoembedded microparticles for stabilization and delivery of drug-loaded nanoparticles
US20050181059A1 (en) Nanoparticulate therapeutic biologically active agents
US20050019270A1 (en) Formulation of powder containing nanoparticles for aerosol delivery to the lungs
Elsayed et al. Inhalable nanocomposite microparticles: preparation, characterization and factors affecting formulation
EP3266450A1 (en) Novel formulations of pharmacological agents, methods for the preparation thereof and methods for the use thereof
Kunda et al. Polymer‐based Delivery Systems for the Pulmonary Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals
PARDESHI et al. Nanonosači na bazi čvrstih lipida: Pregled
Jadhav et al. Brief Study of Nanocarrier Drug Delivery System
Singh PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND PHARMACODYNAMIC STUDIES OF CEFOVECIN NANOPARTICLES
HK1030543B (en) Novel formulations of pharmacological agents, methods for the preparation thereof and methods for the use thereof
HK1152882A (en) Novel formulations of pharmacological agents, methods for the preparation thereof and methods for the use thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
B11A Dismissal acc. art.33 of ipl - examination not requested within 36 months of filing
B11Y Definitive dismissal - extension of time limit for request of examination expired [chapter 11.1.1 patent gazette]
B15K Others concerning applications: alteration of classification

Ipc: A61K 9/51 (2006.01), A61K 9/00 (2006.01), A61K 9/1