BR9206413A - Disposição de acionamento e de freio para um veiculo auto- motor - Google Patents

Disposição de acionamento e de freio para um veiculo auto- motor

Info

Publication number
BR9206413A
BR9206413A BR9206413A BR9206413A BR9206413A BR 9206413 A BR9206413 A BR 9206413A BR 9206413 A BR9206413 A BR 9206413A BR 9206413 A BR9206413 A BR 9206413A BR 9206413 A BR9206413 A BR 9206413A
Authority
BR
Brazil
Prior art keywords
drive
motor vehicle
brake arrangement
brake
arrangement
Prior art date
Application number
BR9206413A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Adler
Hans-Juergen Dr Drexl
Dieter Dr Lutz
Franz Nagler
Martin Dr Ochs
Stefan Dr Schiebold
Hans-Joachim Schmidt-Bruecken
Wolfgang Thieler
Michael Dr Wagner
Holger Dr Westendorf
Rainer Wychnanek
Original Assignee
Mannesmann Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mannesmann Ag filed Critical Mannesmann Ag
Publication of BR9206413A publication Critical patent/BR9206413A/pt

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/741—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on an ultimate actuator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
    • B60L15/2018—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking for braking on a slope
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
    • B60L15/2018—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking for braking on a slope
    • B60L15/2027—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking for braking on a slope whilst maintaining constant speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0061—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0092—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/24—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general with additional mechanical or electromagnetic braking
    • B60L7/26—Controlling the braking effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/58—Combined or convertible systems
    • B60T13/585—Combined or convertible systems comprising friction brakes and retarders
    • B60T13/586—Combined or convertible systems comprising friction brakes and retarders the retarders being of the electric type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/12—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/24—Driver interactions by lever actuation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/26—Driver interactions by pedal actuation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/20—Drive modes; Transition between modes
    • B60L2260/28—Four wheel or all wheel drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/30—Preventing theft during charging
    • B60L2270/36—Preventing theft during charging of vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
BR9206413A 1991-11-29 1992-10-22 Disposição de acionamento e de freio para um veiculo auto- motor BR9206413A (pt)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4139443A DE4139443C2 (de) 1991-11-29 1991-11-29 Antriebs- und Bremsanordnung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
PCT/DE1992/000907 WO1993011014A1 (de) 1991-11-29 1992-10-22 Antriebs- und bremsanordnung für ein kraftfahrzeug

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
BR9206413A true BR9206413A (pt) 1996-09-10

Family

ID=6445940

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BR9206413A BR9206413A (pt) 1991-11-29 1992-10-22 Disposição de acionamento e de freio para um veiculo auto- motor

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5431607A (pt)
EP (1) EP0613432B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP2575085B2 (pt)
CN (1) CN1072891A (pt)
BR (1) BR9206413A (pt)
DE (2) DE4139443C2 (pt)
ES (1) ES2072772T3 (pt)
MX (1) MX9206837A (pt)
WO (1) WO1993011014A1 (pt)

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JP3225578B2 (ja) * 1992-03-19 2001-11-05 株式会社日立製作所 電気自動車
JPH07322404A (ja) * 1994-05-20 1995-12-08 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd 電気自動車の駆動制御装置
GB2309495A (en) * 1996-01-23 1997-07-30 Peter Thomas Meacock Controlling the braking of a motor vehicle
JPH09202221A (ja) * 1996-01-29 1997-08-05 Komatsu Ltd 車両のブレーキ制御装置
JP3927265B2 (ja) * 1996-11-18 2007-06-06 トヨタ自動車株式会社 車両の自動制動制御装置
WO1999039951A1 (de) * 1998-02-07 1999-08-12 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Vorrichtung und verfahren für die fahrsituationsabhängige betätigung einer elektrischen feststellbremsanlage
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DE19838972B4 (de) * 1998-08-27 2004-08-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren zum Anhalten eines Fahrzeugs am Berg
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US6356186B1 (en) * 1999-03-24 2002-03-12 Detroit Diesel Corporation Vehicle anti-theft system and method
FR2791928B1 (fr) * 1999-04-07 2001-07-06 Renault Procede de maintien a l'arret d'un vehicule
US6293363B1 (en) 1999-06-16 2001-09-25 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Integrated electronic shift and parking brake system, including security interlock, for motor vehicles
DE19960327A1 (de) * 1999-12-15 2001-06-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Elektrischer Antrieb für ein Fahrzeug
DE10055046B4 (de) * 2000-11-07 2018-06-28 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren zur Erleichterung des Anfahrens eines Kraftfahrzeugs an einer Steigung
DE10104600A1 (de) * 2001-02-02 2002-08-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Regelungseinrichtung und Verfahren zum Regeln des dynamischen Verhaltens eines Rades
US6590306B2 (en) * 2001-02-26 2003-07-08 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Electric motor driven wheel
US6756750B2 (en) * 2001-11-06 2004-06-29 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electric vehicle
DE10240266A1 (de) * 2002-08-31 2004-03-11 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Fahrzeugs mit einer Antriebseinheit
DE10259878A1 (de) * 2002-12-20 2004-07-01 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Bremssystem und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Bremssystems für elektrisch angetriebene Fahrzeuge
SE526431C2 (sv) * 2004-01-15 2005-09-13 Kone Cargotec Patenter Hb Truck innefattande ett hastighetsreglerande system
WO2005120916A1 (ja) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-22 Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. 作業車両の制御装置
DE102004030795B4 (de) * 2004-06-25 2020-09-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Rückrollbegrenzung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
US8240230B2 (en) 2005-01-18 2012-08-14 Kongsberg Automotive Holding Asa, Inc. Pedal sensor and method
KR100655330B1 (ko) * 2005-12-23 2006-12-08 두산인프라코어 주식회사 전동 지게차의 경사 작업시 자동 정지장치
DE102007015578A1 (de) * 2007-03-28 2008-10-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur automatischen Steuerung eines spurgebundenes Fahrzeugs sowie Strecke für spurgebundene Fahrzeuge
US7926889B2 (en) * 2007-10-29 2011-04-19 Textron Innovations Inc. Hill hold for an electric vehicle
JP5186041B2 (ja) 2009-06-02 2013-04-17 パナソニック株式会社 電動車両、及び、制御方法
US8386131B2 (en) * 2009-07-27 2013-02-26 Caterpillar Inc. Method and system for controlling a driving direction of an electric drive machine
SE534701C2 (sv) * 2010-03-08 2011-11-22 Scania Cv Ab Förfarande och datorprogramprodukt för styrning av ett motorfordons drivlina och bromssystem
DE102011016827B4 (de) 2011-04-12 2021-11-04 Jungheinrich Aktiengesellschaft Flurförderzeug mit einer Haltebremse sowie Verfahren zum Einstellen eines Haltemoments bei einem Flurförderzeug
WO2015002991A2 (en) * 2013-07-02 2015-01-08 Broce Manufacturing Co., Inc. Hydraulic control system for use with a turf sweeper
DE102013219743A1 (de) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Steuern eines Anfahrvorgangs
JP6104460B2 (ja) * 2014-03-13 2017-03-29 三菱電機株式会社 車両制御装置および車両制御方法
CN105083254B (zh) * 2015-08-28 2018-09-21 云南航天神州汽车有限公司 一种电动汽车制动方法
US10322688B2 (en) * 2016-12-30 2019-06-18 Textron Innovations Inc. Controlling electrical access to a lithium battery on a utility vehicle
CN110406517A (zh) * 2018-04-26 2019-11-05 陕西重型汽车有限公司 一种重型汽车电子机械制动控制系统及其控制方法
CN112810595B (zh) * 2019-11-15 2022-06-21 湖南力行动力科技有限公司 一种用于电驱动车辆的电机电制动控制方法、装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4139443A1 (de) 1993-06-03
WO1993011014A1 (de) 1993-06-10
DE4139443C2 (de) 1995-04-06
ES2072772T3 (es) 1995-07-16
DE59202268D1 (de) 1995-06-22
JPH07501292A (ja) 1995-02-09
JP2575085B2 (ja) 1997-01-22
US5431607A (en) 1995-07-11
MX9206837A (es) 1993-05-01
CN1072891A (zh) 1993-06-09
EP0613432B1 (de) 1995-05-17
EP0613432A1 (de) 1994-09-07

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