AU2021101136A4 - An A-shaped three-dimensional cultivation method of Pinellia ternata - Google Patents
An A-shaped three-dimensional cultivation method of Pinellia ternata Download PDFInfo
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- AU2021101136A4 AU2021101136A4 AU2021101136A AU2021101136A AU2021101136A4 AU 2021101136 A4 AU2021101136 A4 AU 2021101136A4 AU 2021101136 A AU2021101136 A AU 2021101136A AU 2021101136 A AU2021101136 A AU 2021101136A AU 2021101136 A4 AU2021101136 A4 AU 2021101136A4
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
Abstract
The invention discloses an A-shaped three-dimensional soil treatment method of Pinellia
ternata, which comprises the following steps:
A. Design of three-dimensional facilities: 1) Selection of three-dimensional form: the
form of three-dimensional is A-shaped, the top angle of the A-shaped frame is 15
degrees, and three layers of planting troughs are arranged on both sides. 2) Design of
planting trough: rectangular trough.
B. Selection of substrate under the condition of three-dimensional soil treatment : through
experimental comparison, determine the mixed substrate of peat soil, Oily sandy soil soil
and black sand.
C.: carrying out high-temperature treatment on the mixed substrate, pouring the substrate
into the planting trough, and mixing the compound fertilizer into the substrate according
to an amount of 60g/m2, wherein the total nutrient of the compound fertilizer is more than
48%, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 24:10:14, and the thickness of
the covering substrate is 3cm. The method is easy, simple and convenient to operate,
greatly improves the yield per acre, saves land resources and manpower, reduces the cost
and improves the benefit of Pinellia ternata.
Description
An A-shaped three-dimensional soil treatment method of Pinellia ternata
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant soil treatment , and particularly
relates to an A-shaped three-dimensional soil treatment method of Pinellia ternata. The
invention is a brand-new Pinellia ternata soil treatment mode, and is suitable for
improving the benefit of Pinelliaternata.
Pinellia ternata is a perennial herb of Pinellia in Araceae, with a plant height of 15-30
cm. Tuber subglobose, 1-2 cm in diameter. The leaves come from the top of tuber, the
petiole is 6-23 cm long, and the annual leaves are simple and ovate-heart-shaped. After 2
3 years, the leaves are three compound leaves.Pinellia ternata is a commonly used
traditional Chinese medicine. Among 588 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine
prescriptions, Pinellia ternata is the 22nd most frequently used. It has the effects of
lowering adverse qi, relieving vomiting, eliminating dampness, eliminating phlegm,
eliminating swelling and dispersing stagnation.In recent years, it has been found that
Pinellia ternata has the functions of anti-early pregnancy, anti-tumor, reducing blood
lipid and protecting liver. Because of the large market demand, the wild Pinellia ternata
resources cannot be met, and now it has been planted artificially on a large scale. The
artificial cultivation of Pinelliaternata mainly adopts plane cultivation mode.
Under this plane cultivation mode, many studies focused on the effects of seed stems and
cultivation measures on yield. Mei Yan (2012) thought that using 1.0-1.5cm tuber as seed stem in Pinelliaternata production not only had higher yield, but also had higher alkaloid content. Zhu Desheng (2008), through the research of different cultivation measures, thinks that the influence of cultivation measures on yield is as follows: drought prevention and soil moisture conservation > plastic film > species level > sowing date > shading > organic fertilizer > foliar spraying fertilizer. According to Zhang Yanling
(2005), the best effect is to plant Pinellia ternata with perlite as substrate, 1/5MS of basic
substrate and 100mg/L KH2PO4 as fertilizer. Shading treatment can delay the seedling
pouring time of Pinellia ternata, but reduce the yield of Pinellia ternata (Geng Huiyun,
2012). Zhang Xiaobin et al. (2007) found that shading could increase the yield of Pinellia
ternata by 38.41%. Wang Xing et al. (2008) found that the fresh weight of Pinellia
ternata was higher than that of the control. Fei Yongjun et al. (2004) studied the effects
of different cultivation substrates on the biomass of Pinellia ternata under the condition
of three-dimensional cultivation, and showed that the formula of leaves+sand was
beneficial to the growth of Pinellia ternata plants and buds, and was convenient for
reproduction. Sawdust+sand formula is the most suitable for increasing the fresh weight
of Pinellia ternata tuber, which is beneficial to increase the yield of Pinellia ternata.
Chen Zhongjian et al. (2006) thought that nitrogen fertilizer level was the main factor
affecting the yield and quality of Pinellia ternata, followed by phosphate fertilizer and
potassium fertilizer. According to Wei Bo (2011), high-level fertilization has an adverse
effect on the formation of alkaloids in Pinellia ternata. When deterpicking the
fertilization scheme of Pinellia ternata, we should not only consider the yield level, but
also ensure that the alkaloid content in Pinellia ternata tuber meets the requirements of
Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Gong Chengwen (2005) thought that the effect on yield was sowing amount > nitrogen > potassium > phosphorus. In a word, the effect of fertilization on Pinellia ternata is not only in yield, but also in alkaloid content. The common point is that the base fertilizer is sufficient and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is reasonable, which can promote the yield and alkaloid content of Pinellia ternata.
The purpose of the invention is to provide an A-shaped three-dimensional cultivation
method of Pinellia ternata, which is easy to implement and simple to operate. Through
the cultivation system, the yield per acre can be greatly increase, the land resources are
save, and meanwhile, the manpower is saved, thereby reducing the cultivation cost and
improving the cultivation benefit of Pinellia ternata.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical
measures:
The idea of the invention is that an efficient cultivation system of Pinellia ternata
comprises two parts: A. Design of three-dimensional cultivation facilities. B. Selection
and planting of cultivation substrate under the condition of three-dimensional cultivation.
An A-shaped three-dimensional cultivation method of Pinellia ternata, which comprises
the following steps:
A. Design of three-dimensional cultivation facilities: part one, selection of three
dimensional cultivation forms: three-dimensional cultivation forms are divided into wall,
column, A-shaped and layer-shaped. Pinellia ternata is shade-loving plant with shade
degree of 55%. The A-shaped form can keep proper illumination and expand planting
area. The three-dimensional cultivation forms of Pinellia ternata depend on the shade- loving characteristics of Pinellia ternata, with the goal of expanding planting area and increasing yield per unit area. (Three-dimensional cultivation forms are mainly divided into wall, column, A-shaped, layered and other forms according to the light receiving degree and characteristics.) Pinellia ternata is a shade-loving plant, and its shade degree is 55%. Wall type can greatly increase the planting area, but two adjacent walls are easy to shade too much, which is not suitable for use. There are the same problems with the A shaped form. Therefore, the A-shaped form can not only keep proper illumination, but also maximize the planting area. The included angle at the top of the A-shaped cultivation frame is the key factor to determine the expansion area multiple and maintain proper illumination intensity. The larger the included angle is, the larger the occupied area is.
Under the condition of the same number of layers, the smaller the expansion multiple of
the occupied area is and the stronger the illumination intensity in the cultivation area is.
The smaller the included angle is, the effect is just the opposite. Through experiments, it
is determined that the top angle of A-shaped cultivation frame is 15 degrees, and the top
angles are designed to be 15, 30 and 45 degrees. Other parameters are: three layers of
planting troughs are arranged on both sides, and each planting trough is 18-22 cm wide.
The experimental results show that the illumination conditions when the apex angle of A
shape is 15 degrees are suitable for the growth of Pinellia ternata, and the three
dimensional cultivation facility can expand the planting area by 2.4 times. Through
cultivation experiments, the yield of Pinellia ternata is 3.2 times that of the same area.
The second part, the design of planting trough: the design of planting trough includes
material, length and width, shape and drainage parts. The material is galvanized steel
plate with thickness of 1mm, and the rectangular cultivation trough with length of 0.8-
1.2m, width of 18-22cm and height of 10-14cm is made. Dig three holes with a diameter
of 4-6 cm on the bottom surface, and install 36 mesh screens respectively. The
experiment shows that the planting trough can better meet the needs of three-dimensional
cultivation, and can better drain water under rainstorm conditions.
B. Selecting a cultivation substrate under the condition of three-dimensional cultivation:
Three-dimensional substrate mainly considers the influence on the growth of Pinellia
ternata, economy and compatibility with subsequent mechanized operation.
Therefore, the substrate formula was designed as follows: 20% (by volume) peat
soil+30% (by volume) Oily sandy soil+50% (by volume) black sand, and the mixed
substrate was obtained after the cultivation substrate was prepared in proportion.
C. Weeding the cultivation substrate and applying base fertilizer under the condition of
three-dimensional cultivation:
Treat the mixed substrate at high temperature and 95-100°C for 14-16min, completely
kill the seeds or roots of weeds therein. Then pour the substrate into the planting trough,
control the height of the substrate at about 7-9 cm, and mix the compound fertilizer into
the substrate according to 60g/m2 . The total nutrient of the compound fertilizer is more
than 48%, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 24:10:14. The stem of
Pinellia ternata was placed in it, and then covered with a substrate with a thickness of
about 3cm and mixed with compound fertilizer.
The substrate not only can make Pinellia ternata grow well and cope with adverse
weather, but also has lower cost, and more importantly, the substrate can meet the needs
of subsequent mechanized operation. The picking of Pinellia ternata consumes a lot of manpower, and its size cannot be graded, so it is considered to replace manual picking with mechanical screen, which requires that the cultivation substrate should not be very firm soil. It should be said that the substrate can meet four requirements, that is, it is beneficial to the growth of Pinellia ternata tubers, the cost reduction, the response to extreme weather and the mechanized operation.
The compound fertilizer refers to a chemical fertilizer containing two or more kinds of
nutrient elements, which has the advantages of high nutrient content, few side
components, good physical properties, etc., and plays an important role in balanced
fertilization, improving fertilizer utilization rate and promoting high and stable yield of
crops.However, it also has some shortcomings, for example, its nutrient proportion is
always fixed, while the types, quantities and proportions of nutrient elements required by
different soils and crops are diverse.Therefore, before use, it is best to measure the soil to
understand the texture and nutritional status of the field soil, and pay attention to the
application with unit fertilizer in order to get better results.
D. Daily management includes two parts, one is water management, the other is light
management. When the substrate is dry, it should be watered in time, and a dropper
system can be arranged. In windy weather, we must pay attention to keeping the
cultivation substrate moist. In rainstorm, the sunshade net can be pulled down to avoid
excessive erosion of the planting trough by rainwater. At noon when the light intensity is
high, the shade net is pulled down, and partial shading can improve the yield of Pinellia
ternata.
Compared with the existing technologies, the invention has the following advantages and
effects:
1. Compared with the existing cultivation methods, the yield per acre of Pinellia ternata
can be increased by about 3 times.
2. Compared with the existing cultivation methods, it can save 70% of the labor required
for weeding and digging Pinellia ternata.
3. Compared with the existing cultivation methods, the production benefit (profit) per
acre in 10 years is 2.77 times that of the existing cultivation methods.
The following describes the invention in further detail with embodiments, but it is not a
limitation of the invention. Any equivalent substitutions made in the field according to
the disclosure of the invention belong to the protection scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
An A-shaped three-dimensional cultivation method of Pinellia ternata, which comprises
the following steps:
1. A comparison of different vertex angles of the A-shaped three-dimensional planting
facilities:
A. Welding A-shaped cultivation frame with 3x3cm galvanized steel pipe, the height of
which is about 146cm, and comparing the planting effects with vertex angles of 15, 30
and 45 degrees.Horizontal cross piles are welded on both sides of the A-shaped cultivation frame to connect the planting troughs.A slightly inclined cross bar is welded at the top so as to lay a layer of sunshade net, which can be folded and placed.
B. Making planting troughs. Galvanized steel plates were used to make rectangular
planting troughs with length of Im, width of 20cm and height of 12cm. Three holes with
a diameter of 5cm are dug at the bottom surface, and 36 mesh screens are respectively
installed.
Table 1 Relative effects of A-shaped cultivation facilities with different vertex angles
Cultivation methods Average light Area expansion Relative yield per intensity multiple unit area
Plane cultivation 100% 1 1
A-shape 15 degree 60% 2.4 3.2
A-shape 30 degree 75% 1.2 1.5
A-shape 45 degree 95% 0.8 1.1
Note: with plane cultivation as control, the average light intensity is the average of 6
points, and the area expansion multiple and relative yield are the comparative values of
plane cultivation.
It can be seen from the experimental results that the planting area can be greatly
expanded when the vertex angle is 15 degrees, and under this vertex angle condition, the
light intensity is 60% of the plane cultivation, and the yield per unit area is 1.5 times of
the plane yield. Therefore, A-shaped cultivation facilities with a vertex angle of 15
degrees are more suitable.
2. Effects of different substrates on three-dimensional cultivation of Pinellia ternata.
In order to achieve better results in three-dimensional cultivation, it is necessary to
consider the cost of the substrate, whether the substrate is suitable for local climate
conditions, especially the influence of strong wind and heavy rain, whether the substrate
is suitable for mechanized harvesting, and the cultivation effect of the substrate (its
influence on the growth and quality of Pinellia ternata). Therefore, different substrates
were prepared for comparative test. The substrate ratio is: (1) black sand (70%)+peat soil
(30%). (2) Black sand (50%)+peat soil (50%). (3) Black sand (30%)+peat soil (70%). (4)
Oily sandy soily soil (70%)+peat soil (30%). (5) Oily sandy soily soil (50%)+peat soil
(50%). (6) Oily sandy soily soil (30%)+peat soil (70%). (7) Oily sandy soily soil
(30%)+peat soil (20%)+black sand (50%). (8) Oily sandy soily soil (40%)+peat soil
(20%)+black sand (40%). (9) Oily sandy soily soil (50%)+peat soil (20%)+black sand
(30%).The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Effects of different substrates on three-dimensional cultivation Substrates Cost of Suitable for Suitable for Cultivation substrate using electric climatic effect sieve conditions
(1) Low Yes No Good (2) Medium Yes No Relatively good (3) High Yes Yes Normal (4) Low No Yes Good (5) Medium No Yes Relatively good (6) High Yes Yes Normal (7) Low Yes Yes Good (8) Medium No Yes Good
(9) Medium No Yes Good
The results showed that the ratio of substrate (7) had the advantages of low cost, adapting
to local climate conditions, being suitable for harvesting by electric sieve and good
cultivation effect. Therefore, the substrate with this ratio should be selected in three
dimensional cultivation.
3. Substrate weeding treatment and base fertilizer application:
% (by volume) peat soil+30% (by volume) Oily sandy soil+50% (by volume) black
sand mixed substrate, the mixed substrate was treated at high temperature, 95 or 96 or 97
or 98 or 99 or 100°C for 14 or 15 or 16min, and the weeds seeds or roots were completely
killed. Then, the substrate is poured into the planting trough, the height of the substrate is
controlled at 7 or 8 or 9cm, and the compound fertilizer is mixed into the substrate
according to 60g/m 2. The total nutrient of the compound fertilizer is more than 48%, and
the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 24:10:14. Put the stem of Pinellia
ternata into it, and then cover the substrate with a thickness of about 3cm. Water, so that
the whole cultivation substrate is completely soaked.
4. Daily management of A-shaped three-dimensional cultivation:
Daily management includes two parts, one is water management, the other is light
management. When the substrate is dry, it should be watered in time, and a dropper
system can be arranged. In windy weather, we must pay attention to keeping the
cultivation substrate moist. In rainstorm, the sunshade net can be pulled down to avoid
excessive erosion of the planting trough by rainwater. At noon when the light intensity is
high, the shade net is pulled down, and partial shading can improve the yield of Pinellia
ternata.
The technical system of the invention has the effect of improving the yield per unit area
of Pinellia ternata artificial cultivation, reduce the labor amount in the cultivation process
and reducing diseases and insect pests, and therefore, the technical system of the
invention can improve the benefit of Pinelliaternata artificial cultivation.
Claims (2)
1. An A-shaped three-dimensional soil treatment method of Pinellia ternata, which
comprises the following steps:
A. Design of three-dimensional facilities:
1) Selection of three-dimensional forms: the three-dimensional forms are divided into
wall, column, A-shape and layer, and Pinelliaternata is a shade-loving plant.
The shading degree is 55%, and the A-shaped form can keep proper illumination and
expand the planting area. Through experiments, it is determined that the top angle of the
A-shaped cultivation frame is 15 degrees, and three layers of planting troughs are
arranged on both sides, and each planting trough is 18-22 cm wide.
2) Design of planting trough: the design of planting trough includes material, length,
width and height index, shape and drainage parts. The material is galvanized steel plate
with thickness of 1mm, which is made into rectangular planting trough with length of
0.8-1.2 m, width of 18-22 cm and height of 10-14 cm. Three holes with diameter of 4-6
cm are dug at the bottom, and 36 mesh screens are installed respectively. The planting
trough can meet the requirements of three-dimensional cultivation and drainage under
rainstorm conditions.
B. Selecting a substrate under the condition of three-dimensional: the effect of three
dimensional substrate on Pinellia ternata, its economy, and its compatibility with the
subsequent mechanized operation, designed the substrate formula: 20% peat soil+30%
Oily sandy soil+50% black sand, and prepared the substrate in proportion to obtain the
mixed substrate.
C treat the mixed substrate at high temperature at 95-100°C for 14-16min, pour the
substrate into a planting trough, controlling the height of the substrate at 7-9cm, mixing
compound fertilizer into the substrate according to 60g/m 2, wherein the total nutrient of
the compound fertilizer is more than 48%, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and
potassium is 24:10:14, placing Pinellia ternata seed stems therein, and covering the
substrate with a thickness of 3cm for mixing.
D. Daily management includes two parts, one is water management, the other is light
management, the substrate is dried and watered, and at noon of light intensity, the
sunshade net is pulled down,
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| AU2021101136A AU2021101136A4 (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | An A-shaped three-dimensional cultivation method of Pinellia ternata |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115250912A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-11-01 | 宜宾学院 | Culture medium and method for open culture of pinellia ternata |
-
2021
- 2021-03-03 AU AU2021101136A patent/AU2021101136A4/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115250912A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-11-01 | 宜宾学院 | Culture medium and method for open culture of pinellia ternata |
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