CN107182339B - A kind of beach saline land ecology improvement system and its cotton yield implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of beach saline land ecology improvement system and its cotton yield implantation methods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107182339B CN107182339B CN201710450567.2A CN201710450567A CN107182339B CN 107182339 B CN107182339 B CN 107182339B CN 201710450567 A CN201710450567 A CN 201710450567A CN 107182339 B CN107182339 B CN 107182339B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cotton
- water
- pond
- soil
- ecological regulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of beach saline land ecologies to improve system, including ecological regulation and control pond, aquaculture pond, raised fields, row's alkali ditch and phreatic water extraction system, ecological regulation and control pond and aquaculture pond are connected by irrigation canals and ditches with row's alkali ditch and river, ecological regulation and control pond carries out the accumulation of rainy season fresh water and individual rainy time drainings, aquaculture pond carry out underground water or fresh water supplement and aquatic.Raised fields provides power using wind energy and solar energy mixing and carries out day and night uninterruptedly extracting phreatic water according to the different stalks of difference laying at a distance from pond, phreatic water extraction system.The present invention also provides the cotton yield implantation methods to match.The present invention changed dramatically saline and alkaline, non-irrigated, the flooded environment stress of beach saline land, be conducive to cotton normal growth and development, while pest and disease damage significantly reduces, and management is more convenient, significantly improves output of cotton quality, directly increases the plant cotton income of peasant.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a kind of beach saline land ecology improvement system and its cotton
Flower high-yield planting method.
Background technique
Cotton is the second largest crop that China is only second to grain, is the strategic materials to involve the interests of the state and the people.With society into
The increase of step and development to grain demand, the contradiction that grain and cotton strives ground become increasingly conspicuous, will be with the cotton of stronger Saline alkali tolerance, Xiang Sheng
The coastal saline-alkali area transfer plantation for producing inferior capabilities becomes one of the main trend of Cotton in China production.Coastal saline-alkali area gas
Time feature is that precipitation Tendency analysis is uneven, is differed greatly between season.Circum-Bohai Sea varieties in saline-alkali areas spring drought in early summer is short of rain, evaporation capacity
Greatly, the big scale of soil salt is poly-；And Continuous Non-precipitation event frequency increases, and exacerbates degree of drought；Without large-scale light in region
Water river does not have convenient irrigation conditions.Rainy season precipitation is occurred in the form of heavy rain, heavy rain, and farmland waterlogging is caused to take place frequently.Ring
The disasters such as the saline and alkaline cotton field in the Bohai Sea is saline and alkaline, non-irrigated, flooded hand over Xiang Fasheng: arid and Saline Alkali Stress cause seedling stage and flower bud phase slow growth, seek
Feeding body is smaller；Sheng is crossed in the nutrient growth of bell phase, and buddingging, it is several more to bloom；Canopy closing cause middle and lower part illumination insufficient, blade and cotton
Bell falls off, and depauperation less at bell；Farmland waterlogging causes temperature and humidity excessive, and pest and disease damage takes place frequently, and leads to output of cotton and product
Matter further declines.
Alleviate saline and alkaline disaster currently, being usually taken for Saline and building the simple mode for arranging alkali ditch, and uses deep layer
Groundwater extraction mode carries out arable land irrigation, and not only effect is undesirable for this mode, and as underground fresh-water resource is fewer and fewer,
So that irrigation effect is difficult to ensure.In addition, patent document (application number 201610753097.2) discloses a kind of upper farming lower fishing life
State breeding method can alleviate the saline and alkaline disaster in arable land, and carry out arable land irrigation by swag water, still, due to aquaculture
Water quality is needed to maintain suitable salinity and nutrient, therefore this design is unfavorable for aquaculture in swag, in practical application
It is difficult to achieve the effect that upper farming lower fishing two-win；And it is subject to damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging at rainy season, the effect for alleviating saline and alkaline disaster is also paid no attention to
Think.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of beach saline land ecology improvement system, with solve existing strand cotton field because
Saline and alkaline, non-irrigated, damage caused by waterlogging evil leads to output of cotton and the lower problem of quality.
It is high the second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of coastal saline soil cotton to match with above-mentioned ecological improvement system
Produce implantation methods.
The purpose of the present invention one is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of beach saline land ecology improvement system, packet
It includes:
The water surface area in ecological regulation and control pond, the ecological regulation and control pond is not less than 1.0hm2, depth is not less than 3m, and passes through ditch
Canal is connected with row's alkali ditch and river, carries out the accumulation of rainy season fresh water and individual rainy time drainings；
Aquaculture pond, the aquaculture pond water surface area are not more than 0.2hm2, depth be not higher than 2.0m, and with the ecological regulation and control
Pond, row's alkali ditch, river and phreatic water extraction system are connected, and according to cultivation and precipitation event, carry out underground water or fresh water
Supplement keeps water water level, salinity and nutrient in aquaculture optimum range；
Raised fields, the raised fields are established around the ecological regulation and control pond and aquaculture pond, and raised fields width is no more than 200m, and height is not
Lower than 1.5m, the raised fields bottom is equipped with isolated material, is equipped with drainage system inside raised fields, rainwater is discharged into life for rainy season
State regulates and controls pond；
Alkali ditch is arranged, the arable land for not building raised fields within the scope of the ecological regulation and control pond and aquaculture pond periphery 500m is set to
Row's alkali ditch that a depth is 2.0~2.5m is built every 38~42m in region, and every row's alkali ditch is around the ecological regulation and control
Pond and aquaculture pond are established, and are connected by irrigation canals and ditches with the ecological regulation and control pond, aquaculture pond and river, for gathering shallowly in dry season
Layer underground water is simultaneously discharged into aquaculture pond or river, accumulates fresh water in rainy season and is discharged into ecological regulation and control pond or river；And
Phreatic water extraction system is set within the scope of the ecological regulation and control pond and aquaculture pond periphery 500m not
Build the arable land region of raised fields, the phreatic water extraction system be set to by row's alkali ditch and along row's alkali ditch circumferencial direction every
At 250~300m setting one, along row's alkali ditch radial direction at row's alkali ditch setting one；The phreatic water extraction system packet
Extraction well and wind energy and solar hybrid system are included, for extracting shallow underground in dry season and individual rainy rainy seasons in time
Water is simultaneously discharged into aquaculture pond or river.Promote the quick recharge of groundwater of ecological regulation and control pond water in dry season, so that underground be effectively reduced
Water salinity；Phreatic water extracting is carried out after individual rainy rainy season in time rainfalls, is facilitated under farmland tillaging layer supersaturation rainwater
It seeps, is conducive to cotton field and drains flooded fields rapidly.
The aquaculture pond periodically in time carries out water replacement.The extracting well depth of the phreatic water extraction system is 5
~6m.
Raised fields bottom isolated material is crop material, wherein apart from the ecological regulation and control pond or aquaculture pond periphery 0~
Without being laid within the scope of 50m, it is laid with corn or wheat stalk within the scope of 51~100m, is laid with cotton within the scope of 101~150m
Stalk is laid with reed straw within the scope of 151~200m, is compacted after laying, and thickness is not less than 15cm, it is ensured that every salt effect.
Aquaculture pond foundation adjacent with ecological regulation and control pond passes through the connection of control lock or closing between the two.
The purpose of the present invention two is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of coastal saline soil cotton high-yield planting side
Method, comprising the following steps:
A, establish above-mentioned ecological improvement system, and on raised fields and do not build raised fields general arable land region in plant cotton；
B, straw-returning: before cultivation, cotton stalk upper one year is crushed into returning to the field, the of length no more than 2cm of stalk is simultaneously after crushing
Rotary tillage returning to the field is carried out, rotary tillage depth of soil is 8~10cm, and stalk is mixed well and suppressed with soil；
C, it irrigates: cotton field being irrigated using ecological regulation and control water or introducing river water, irrigation effect is 0~40cm soil
The water content of earth topsoil reaches the 86~91% of field capacity；
D, mid-March is ploughed deeply: uniform broadcasting soil conditioner before ploughing deeply ploughs deeply depth and reaches 30~35cm, ploughs deeply
It is suppressed in due course afterwards, it is desirable that the surface layer 0~5cm of soil consolidation, other topsoil soils uniform loose, no diameter are more than the soil of 3cm
Block, and prepartion of land；
E, sow: late April rob broadcasting depending on soil moisture content, selects cotton variety of the breeding time no more than 125 days to sow, before broadcasting
Seed is impregnated with rare earth silicon-calcium minerals, citric acid and poly mixed aqueous solution, seeding method is opened for wide-and narrow-row
Logical kind of cunette and dressing furrow mode, and under-film drip irrigation system is laid in dressing furrow, after sowing, fertilising and drip irrigation zone are laid with
Covering with ground sheeting is carried out to kind of cunette and dressing furrow, improve temperature and inhibits the accumulation of salt in the surface soil；
F, timely final singling after emergence, density of reserved seedlings are 5400~5800 plants/acre；Topping mid-July, while to over growth
Leaf branch extract it is top；
G, in dry season, phreatic water extraction system day and night uninterruptedly extracts phreatic water and is discharged into aquaculture pond or river
Stream, flower bud phase carry out soil moisture content monitoring, carry out trickle irrigation using ecological regulation and control water depending on damage caused by a drought, Soil Water Content in Tilth Layer is maintained at field
Between water-holding capacity 61~64%, the florescence bind before carry out intertillage and weeding, after binding into the florescence large-scale agricultural machinery not into
Enter cotton field；
H, before rainy season, the soil zone radially extended on cotton field every 28~32m heap one, soil zone length is cotton field width, high
Degree is 15~18cm, and width is 10~12cm, guarantees not will form the horizontal runoff with row's alkali ditch in cotton field, while not significant shadow
Cotton bottom ventilation is rung, opens up several discharge openings with time delay row alkali ditch direction interval；
I, flowering and boll-setting period view rainfall and growing way carry out mepiquat chloride regulation 1~2 time, and the amount of spraying is 3.2~4.0g/ mus；The side of spraying
Method regards Cotton growth, is watered 12~18kg per acre, manually spraying to top of cotton and leaf branch end in dusk calm weather, main
Even spraying is carried out for blade.
The water salinity in the ecological regulation and control pond is maintained between 2.5~4.0g/L throughout the year, is irrigated to meet cotton
Water quality requirement；The soil salt content of 0~40cm of raised fields topsoil is maintained at 3.0g/kg or less throughout the year.
In step d, the soil conditioner is mixed by desulfurized gypsum and zeolite 3:2 in mass ratio, per acre the amount of increasing
For 1200kg.
In step e, the rare earth silicon-calcium minerals, citric acid and poly 2:1:1 in mass ratio are mixed, and are diluted with water
In 40~45 DEG C of seed soaking 12h after 1000 times.
In step e, the width behavior 90+30cm form opens dressing furrow between 30cm, seed ditch depth 12cm, into
Row sowing, thickness of earth covering 5cm；Apply fertilizer ditch depth 15cm, per acre 12~20kg of bottom application urea, 16~20kg of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), chlorination
10~15kg of potassium guarantees that chemical fertilizer is not less than 10cm away from ground in dressing furrow；The mulch width is 100cm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
By building ecological improvement system, while being aided with matched cotton yield implantation methods, significantly changes coastal saline-alkali
Saline and alkaline, non-irrigated, the flooded environment stress in ground is conducive to cotton normal growth and development, while pest and disease damage significantly reduces, and farmland weed is beaten
The farmland managements such as top are more simplified convenient, not only significantly improve output of cotton quality, but also directly increase peasant and plant cotton income.
Ecology improvement system of the invention design by ad hoc system, by ecological regulation and control pond, aquaculture pond, arrange alkali ditch,
River and phreatic water form the network of rivers design an of system, and on the one hand cotton field high salinity underground water is discharged, is used in combination
In aquaculture, on the one hand facilitate and carry out rainy season water drainage, and accumulate fresh water using the ecological regulation and control pond of larger area and depth, is
Dry season under-film drip irrigation provides water source；And under the action of phreatic water extraction system, enable the water in ecological regulation and control pond
To exosmosis recharge of groundwater, to significantly reduce the shallow groundwater mineralization degree of raised fields and general cotton field, soil salt is reduced
Divide source；It is comprehensive to alleviate the influence that cotton field is saline and alkaline, non-irrigated, damage caused by waterlogging evil is to cotton normal growth and development, it is established for cotton yield good
Good basis；In addition, supplementing the water source of aquaculture pond and replace conveniently, high salinity underground can be supplemented according to cultivation situation
Water or ecological regulation and control pond fresh water, ensure that culture efficiency.
Row's alkali ditch of the invention is designed as surrounding the annular network of rivers structure in cotton field, not only contribute to cotton field underground water discharge and
The water drainage of rainy season cotton field, and ecological regulation and control pond can be assisted to carry out the abundant accumulation of rainy season fresh water, keep pond water quality and water long-term
Meet cotton and irrigates demand.Dry season under-film drip irrigation is carried out using ecological regulation and control water, can effectively inhibit salt accumulation in surface soil, is cotton
High yield improves advantage.
The laying of raised fields bottom isolated material is designed by system, and is matched with ecological improvement system, both ensure that every
Salt effect in turn avoids the damage caused by a drought for aggravating cotton field.For not being laid with isolated material apart from the closer raised fields bottom in ecological regulation and control pond
Or it is laid with the poor isolated material of isolation effect, it is permeated in this way convenient for ecological regulation and control water to raised fields around, thus alleviate damage caused by a drought,
Reduce the degree of mineralization of ground water；For being laid with the good reed straw of isolation effect apart from farther away raised fields bottom, guarantee every salt effect.
In cotton field of the present invention and row's water drainage measure such as alkali ditch, it can guarantee that rainy season drains flooded fields in time, on the one hand significantly reduce cotton
Temperature and humidity in the group of field reduces pest and disease damage, on the other hand reduces Soil Moisture Content during Rainy Seasons, convenient for control Cotton growth and weeds
Growth.Output of cotton and quality are significantly improved, manpower and means of agricultural production investment is reduced, significantly improves cotton grower's economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the top view of the ecological improvement system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is diagrammatic cross-section of the present invention except ecological improvement system.
In figure: 1, ecological regulation and control pond, 2, aquaculture pond, 3, raised fields, 4, phreatic water extraction system, 5, row's alkali ditch, 6, remittance
Total canal, 7, general cotton field, 8, river, 9, other arable lands, 10, control lock.
Specific embodiment
In the state-run Haixing County farm in Cangzhou, Hebei Province Haixing County cotton field application implementation technical solution of the present invention, including following step
It is rapid:
Logical construction and perfect formation in a few years: 1 water surface area 1.0hm of ecological regulation and control pond2, depth of water 3.5m, 2 water of aquaculture pond
Face area 0.2hm2, depth of water 1.8m；A round pond is collectively formed in ecological regulation and control pond 1 and aquaculture pond 2, and the two connecting position is equipped with
Lock 10 is controlled, for controlling the connection of two ponds or closing.Raised fields 3 is 1.8m high, width 200m；3 bottom of raised fields is laid with isolated material:
Away from 0~50m of pond without being laid with, 51~100m is laid with corn stover, and 101~150m is laid with cotton stalk, 151~200m paving
If reed straw, specific method is compacting, thickness about 20cm；Raised fields 3 is established around ecological regulation and control pond 1 and aquaculture pond 2, and area is about
For 8.0hm2。
Not building the arable land region of raised fields in away from pond periphery 500m, (area is about 27hm2), a row is dug every 40m
Alkali ditch 5, every row's alkali ditch 5 are established around raised fields 3, wherein first row's alkali ditch is arranged by raised fields, and row's 5 depth of alkali ditch is
2.5m is added to collecting in aquaculture pond 2 or is discharged into river 8 with the underground water of extracting.The ecological regulation and control pond 1 and aquaculture pond
2 summarize canal 6 with one excessively is connected with row's alkali ditch 5 and river 8.
Not building the arable land region of raised fields in away from pond periphery 500m, (area is about 27hm2) in setting phreatic water take out
System 4 is proposed, the setting of phreatic water extraction system 4 is set on 5 side of row's alkali ditch and along row's 5 circumferencial direction of alkali ditch every 250~300m
It sets at one, (be arranged at one every row's alkali ditch) at 80m setting one along 5 radial direction of row's alkali ditch, as shown, setting altogether
Three circles or four circles, every circle four or five phreatic water extraction systems 4, extracting depth are 6m；It carries out wind-force and solar energy is double
System power generation extracting, 7~September part, 3 months view rain falls are taken out if there is short time concentration rainfall or continuous heavy rainfall
It mentions, in addition to 7~September part 3 months, persistently carries out phreatic water extracting；And underground water is imported into aquaculture pond 2 or river 8.
On January 3rd, 2016 abundant chopping and returning is carried out to cotton field stalk, it is desirable that the of length no more than 2cm of stalk after crushing,
Rotary tillage returning to the field, rotary tillage depth of soil 9cm.January 9, cotton field is irrigated, is sufficiently irrigated using ecological regulation and control water,
Irrigation effect is that 0~40cm soil plough horizon water content is the 88% of field capacity, salinity 3.9g/L, in cotton field after 5 days
Surface layer returning straw into field and rotary cultivation layer freezes to form covering.
March 12, cotton field is ploughed deeply, plough deeply depth and reach 35cm, in cotton field surface layer uniform broadcasting soil before ploughing deeply
Modifying agent: being made of desulfurized gypsum and zeolite, ratio 3:2, and the amount of increasing is 1200kg per acre.Weather is fine at this time has
Wind, March 14 are suppressed, the surface layer 0~5cm of soil consolidation, other topsoil soils uniform loose, and no diameter is more than the soil of 3cm
Block；And prepartion of land.
Miscellaneous No. 2 cotton varieties in Ji are selected to be sowed, application rate is 2.5kg per acre.Before broadcasting with rare earth silicon-calcium minerals,
Citric acid, poly 2:1:1 in mass ratio carry out mixing stirring, 40~45 DEG C of seed soaking 12h after being watered 1000 times.2016 4
Month grab moisture sowing on the 26th, Non-ploughing rake a kind of farm tools before broadcasting, keeps prepartion of land.Mode is width behavior 90+30cm form, between 30cm
Open dressing furrow.Seed ditch depth 12cm, is sowed, thickness of earth covering 5cm；Apply fertilizer ditch depth 15cm, per acre bottom application urea 15kg,
Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 20kg, potassium chloride 10kg, chemical fertilizer are no more than 5cm in dressing furrow, and drip irrigation zone is laid in dressing furrow；Mulch is wide
100cm, sowing, fertilising and drip irrigation zone carry out covering with ground sheeting to kind of cunette and dressing furrow after being laid with.
Timely final singling after emergence, density of reserved seedlings are 5500 plants/acre；Flower bud phase carries out trickle irrigation, and raised fields irrigation quantity is about 38m3/
Mu；Other cotton fields are about 33m under system3/ mu.Topping on July 15, while the leaf branch of over growth is also extractd top.Rainy season
It is preceding in cotton field vertical row alkali ditch every one soil zone of 30m heap, length is cotton field width, and height 15m, 10~12cm of width are arranged simultaneously
Discharge opening is opened up every 10m by alkali ditch.Rainfall is regarded between the flowering and boll-setting period of cotton growth and growing way carries out mepiquat chloride and regulates and controls 2 times, the
Once it was watered 13kg per acre July 28, mepiquat chloride is 3.3g/ mus；For the second time at August 14th, it is watered 18kg, mepiquat chloride per acre
It is 4.0g/ mus.Manually in dusk calm weather to top of cotton and leaf branch end even spraying.
Other unmentioned field management measures are the same as Routine Management method.
Using the above-mentioned comprehensive ecological improvement system for alleviating the saline and alkaline drought and waterlogging in strand cotton field and its matched cotton of high yield
Implantation methods, producible to have the beneficial effect that:
1, the saline and alkaline drought and waterlogging situation in cotton field is obviously improved
Table 1 is the result shows that gather April the most serious and rainfall August part ecology improvement the most frequent in soil salt table
Cotton field under system, especially raised fields, soil plough horizon salt content and rainy season moisture content are remarkably decreased, and it is normal that this is conducive to cotton
Growth and development establishes good basis for cotton yield.
1 0-40cm soil plough horizon spring salt content of table and rainy season moisture situation
2, weed in cotton field and disease are substantially reduced
The index the result shows that cotton field, especially raised fields under ecological improvement system, weeds and cotton diseased plant rate, disease decline of table 2
It significantly reduces, not only saves the weeding recruitment cost in herbicide expense and field, and cotton boll normal development is established for high yield
Good basis.
2 weed in cotton field of table and state of an illness situation
3, cotton field recruitment and labor intensity are substantially reduced
Table 3 is the result shows that cotton field, especially raised fields, recruitment number substantially reduce under ecological improvement system, the recruitment time
It greatly shortens, recruitment investment also greatly shortens, and effectively improves cotton grower's income.
3 cotton field recruitment situation of table
4, means of agricultural production investment in cotton field significantly reduces
Table 4 is the result shows that cotton field, especially raised fields, means of agricultural production investment are substantially reduced, be mainly reflected under ecological improvement system
On herbicide and insecticide, cost of cotton plantation is effectively reduced.
The 4 cotton field means of agricultural production of table puts into situation
5, output of cotton, quality and income significantly improve
The result shows that cotton field, especially raised fields, plant ginnings and quality improve under ecological improvement system, price improves table 5,
Simultaneously because investment also substantially reduces, therefore cotton grower's income significantly improves.
5 cotton field yield of table and situation of Profit
After the comprehensive ecological improvement system for alleviating the saline and alkaline drought and waterlogging in strand cotton field and its mating implantation methods of high yield,
Compared with surrounding compares Routine Management cotton field, output of cotton quality increases obvious, while reducing making for herbicide and insecticide
With recruitment and means of agricultural production investment substantially reduce, and labor intensity is substantially reduced, and not only significantly alleviates the disasters pair such as the saline and alkaline drought and waterlogging in this area
The influence of Cotton Production, and solve that this area's yield and quality is lower, and countryside tax system is big, the high problem of labor intensity plays
It dramatically increases and plants cotton benefit, improve peasant and plant cotton enthusiasm.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, fall within the scope of the claimed invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of beach saline land ecology improves system characterized by comprising
The water surface area in ecological regulation and control pond, the ecological regulation and control pond is not less than 1.0 hm2, depth be not less than 3m, and by irrigation canals and ditches with
It arranges alkali ditch and river is connected, carry out the accumulation of rainy season fresh water and individual rainy time drainings；
Aquaculture pond, the aquaculture pond water surface area are not more than 0.2 hm2, depth be not higher than 2.0m, and with the ecological regulation and control pond,
It arranges alkali ditch, river and phreatic water extraction system to be connected, according to cultivation and precipitation event, carries out underground water or fresh water is mended
It fills, keeps water water level, salinity and nutrient in aquaculture optimum range；
Raised fields, the raised fields are established around the ecological regulation and control pond and aquaculture pond, and raised fields width is no more than 200m, are highly not less than
1.5m, the raised fields bottom are equipped with isolated material, are equipped with drainage system inside raised fields, rainwater is discharged into ecological tune for rainy season
Control pond；
Alkali ditch is arranged, the arable land area for not building raised fields within the scope of the ecological regulation and control pond and aquaculture pond periphery 500m is set to
Domain, every 38 ~ 42m build a depth be 2.0 ~ 2.5m row's alkali ditch, every row alkali ditch around the ecological regulation and control pond with
Aquaculture pond is established, and is connected with the ecological regulation and control pond, aquaculture pond and river by irrigation canals and ditches, for dry season with gathering shallow-layer
It is lauched and is discharged into aquaculture pond or river, accumulate fresh water in rainy season and is discharged into ecological regulation and control pond or river；And
Phreatic water extraction system is set to and does not build platform within the scope of the ecological regulation and control pond and aquaculture pond periphery 500m
The arable land region in field, the phreatic water extraction system be set to by row's alkali ditch and along row's alkali ditch circumferencial direction every 250 ~
At 300m setting one, along row's alkali ditch radial direction at row's alkali ditch setting one；The phreatic water extraction system includes taking out
Well and wind energy and solar hybrid system are proposed, for extracting phreatic water simultaneously in dry season and individual rainy rainy seasons in time
It is discharged into aquaculture pond or river.
2. beach saline land ecology according to claim 1 improves system, which is characterized in that the aquaculture pond is periodically in due course
The replacement of ground progress water；The extracting well depth of the phreatic water extraction system is 5 ~ 6m.
3. beach saline land ecology according to claim 1 improves system, which is characterized in that material is isolated in the raised fields bottom
Material is crop material, wherein without being laid within the scope of 0 ~ 50m of the ecological regulation and control pond or aquaculture pond periphery, 51 ~ 100m
It is laid with corn or wheat stalk in range, cotton stalk is laid within the scope of 101 ~ 150m, is laid with reed straw within the scope of 151 ~ 200m
Stalk is compacted after laying, and thickness is not less than 15cm.
4. beach saline land ecology according to claim 1 improves system, which is characterized in that the aquaculture pond and ecology are adjusted
The adjacent foundation in pond is controlled, passes through control lock control connection or closing between the two.
5. a kind of coastal saline soil cotton high-yield planting method, which comprises the following steps:
A, any beach saline land ecology improvement system of claim 1 ~ 4 is established, and in not building on raised fields and the one of raised fields
As plough region in plant cotton；
B, straw-returning: before cultivation, cotton stalk upper one year is crushed into returning to the field, the of length no more than 2cm of stalk and is carried out after crushing
Rotary tillage returning to the field, rotary tillage depth of soil are 8 ~ 10cm, and stalk is mixed well and suppressed with soil；
C, it irrigates: cotton field being irrigated using ecological regulation and control water or introducing river water, irrigation effect is ploughed for 0 ~ 40 cm soil
The water content of layer reaches the 86 ~ 91% of field capacity；
D, mid-March is ploughed deeply: uniform broadcasting soil conditioner before ploughing deeply ploughs deeply depth and reaches 30 ~ 35cm, after ploughing deeply in due course
It is suppressed, it is desirable that the surface layer 0 ~ 5cm of soil consolidation, other topsoil soils uniform loose, no diameter are more than the soil block of 3cm, and soil
Ground is smooth；
E, sow: late April rob broadcasting depending on soil moisture content, selects cotton variety of the breeding time no more than 125 days to sow, with dilute before broadcasting
Native silico-calcium minerals, citric acid and poly mixed aqueous solution impregnate seed, and seeding method is that wide-and narrow-row opens kind
Cunette and dressing furrow mode, and under-film drip irrigation system is laid in dressing furrow, to kind after sowing, fertilising and drip irrigation zone laying
Cunette and dressing furrow carry out covering with ground sheeting；
F, timely final singling after emergence, density of reserved seedlings are 5400 ~ 5800 plants/acre；Topping mid-July, while to the leaf of over growth
Branch is extractd top；
G, in dry season, phreatic water extraction system day and night uninterruptedly extracts phreatic water and is discharged into aquaculture pond or river, flower bud
Phase carries out soil moisture content monitoring, carries out trickle irrigation using ecological regulation and control water depending on damage caused by a drought, Soil Water Content in Tilth Layer is maintained at field and holds
The 61 ~ 64% of water, the florescence bind before carry out intertillage and weeding；
H, before rainy season, it is highly 15 that the soil zone radially extended on cotton field every 28 ~ 32m heap one, soil zone length, which is cotton field width,
~ 18cm, width are 10 ~ 12cm, while opening up several discharge openings along row alkali ditch interval；
I, flowering and boll-setting period view rainfall and growing way carry out mepiquat chloride regulation 1 ~ 2 time, and the amount of spraying is 3.2 ~ 4.0g/ mus.
6. coastal saline soil cotton high-yield planting method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the ecology Improved lines
The water salinity in ecological regulation and control pond is maintained between 2.5 ~ 4.0g/L throughout the year in system；The soil of 0 ~ 40cm of raised fields topsoil contains
Salt amount is maintained at 3.0g/kg or less throughout the year.
7. coastal saline soil cotton high-yield planting method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step d, the soil
Earth modifying agent is mixed by desulfurized gypsum and zeolite 3:2 in mass ratio, and the amount of increasing is 1200 kg per acre.
8. coastal saline soil cotton high-yield planting method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described dilute in step e
Native silico-calcium minerals, citric acid and poly 2:1:1 in mass ratio are mixed, and are soaked seed after being diluted with water 1000 times in 40 ~ 45 DEG C
12h。
9. coastal saline soil cotton high-yield planting method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step e, describedly
The width of film is 100cm；In dressing furrow chemical fertilizer away from ground be not less than 10cm, per acre 12 ~ 20kg of bottom application urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 16 ~
20kg, 10 ~ 15kg of potassium chloride.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710450567.2A CN107182339B (en) | 2017-06-15 | 2017-06-15 | A kind of beach saline land ecology improvement system and its cotton yield implantation methods |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710450567.2A CN107182339B (en) | 2017-06-15 | 2017-06-15 | A kind of beach saline land ecology improvement system and its cotton yield implantation methods |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107182339A CN107182339A (en) | 2017-09-22 |
| CN107182339B true CN107182339B (en) | 2019-05-03 |
Family
ID=59878042
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710450567.2A Active CN107182339B (en) | 2017-06-15 | 2017-06-15 | A kind of beach saline land ecology improvement system and its cotton yield implantation methods |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107182339B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108450387A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-28 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of beach saline land rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system |
| CN108496723A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-07 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of beach saline land rice field-pond fishman's method of comprehensive utilization |
| CN109197349A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-15 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of heavy saline-alkali area at seashore raised fields method of forestation |
| CN110476533A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-22 | 张钗 | A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system and method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1404708A (en) * | 2001-12-29 | 2003-03-26 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Method for utilizing carbonate type bogged heavy saliue-alkali lake for fishery industry |
| CN101045237A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2007-10-03 | 薄学锋 | Method for improving medium or serious saline and alkaline land by the sea, and comprehensive utilization of the same |
| CN105052292A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-11-18 | 曲沃县绿恒农业发展有限公司 | Comprehensive saline-alkali land improvement system and comprehensive saline-alkali land improvement |
| CN105519274A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-27 | 南京大学 | Integration method of large-scale coastal newly reclaimed beach agricultural land ecologicalization exploitation |
| CN106365900A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Agriculture-fishery mode ecological planting and breeding method with saline-alkaline soil improvement |
-
2017
- 2017-06-15 CN CN201710450567.2A patent/CN107182339B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1404708A (en) * | 2001-12-29 | 2003-03-26 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Method for utilizing carbonate type bogged heavy saliue-alkali lake for fishery industry |
| CN101045237A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2007-10-03 | 薄学锋 | Method for improving medium or serious saline and alkaline land by the sea, and comprehensive utilization of the same |
| CN105052292A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-11-18 | 曲沃县绿恒农业发展有限公司 | Comprehensive saline-alkali land improvement system and comprehensive saline-alkali land improvement |
| CN105519274A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-27 | 南京大学 | Integration method of large-scale coastal newly reclaimed beach agricultural land ecologicalization exploitation |
| CN106365900A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Agriculture-fishery mode ecological planting and breeding method with saline-alkaline soil improvement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107182339A (en) | 2017-09-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102369829B (en) | Method for raising seedlings of purple sweet potatoes | |
| CN102792846B (en) | Wheat-corn double cropping symbiotic cultivation method in moderate saline-alkali soil based on buried pipe drainage and salt elimination | |
| CN103299817B (en) | Protective culture method for houttuynia cordata | |
| CN110169320A (en) | A kind of salt-soda soil corn efficient cultivation method | |
| CN107182339B (en) | A kind of beach saline land ecology improvement system and its cotton yield implantation methods | |
| CN106258301B (en) | A kind of underwood planting method of paris polyphylla | |
| CN103477844A (en) | Polygonum multiflorum planting method | |
| CN103988702A (en) | Tea seedling black film mulching cultivation method | |
| CN109197460A (en) | A kind of north potato area flat land fresh food sweet potato " four change an increasing " efficient cultivation method | |
| CN103202163A (en) | Method for licorice cultivation by drip irrigation under mulch | |
| CN102379197A (en) | Aleurites montana large-area seedling raising method | |
| CN109804868A (en) | A kind of cultural method of sisal hemp field interplanting Mao Xu Cao | |
| CN107306659A (en) | The oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers corn intercropping and interplanting crop rotation high-efficient planting patterns of Huanghe delta severe chlorate clay alkaline land cotton | |
| CN105409691A (en) | Novel ultrahigh-density breeding technique for ginkgo biloba | |
| CN1122183A (en) | Sand land mulching film cultivation method for rice | |
| CN106937577A (en) | A kind of method of the live building well of Xinjiang South Sinkiang Gobi desert barren beach jujube | |
| CN113994785B (en) | Method for transforming desert soil by simulating natural geological process of saline-alkali generation in arid region | |
| CN103749241B (en) | The building method of desert and oasis intermediate zone Sandy shrubs mulberry ecological economy dual-purpose forest | |
| CN105815099B (en) | Radix Astragali and forage type alta fascue interplanting and three-dimensionally cultivating method | |
| CN107646358A (en) | A kind of cultural method of sugarcane interplanting corn | |
| CN104303784A (en) | Planting method of picria fel-terrae | |
| CN105875164A (en) | Method for no-tillage watermelon cultivation in Northern Jiangsu intertidal zone saline-alkali soil | |
| CN113243155A (en) | Method for controlling water resource and nutrient element recycling in hilly and mountainous areas | |
| CN102487713A (en) | Three-dimensional cultivating method of sweet potato and watermelon in dry land | |
| CN108811581B (en) | Method for improving coastal heavy saline-alkali soil |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |