CN108450387A - A kind of beach saline land rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system - Google Patents
A kind of beach saline land rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108450387A CN108450387A CN201810290145.8A CN201810290145A CN108450387A CN 108450387 A CN108450387 A CN 108450387A CN 201810290145 A CN201810290145 A CN 201810290145A CN 108450387 A CN108450387 A CN 108450387A
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UZVHFVZFNXBMQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butalbital Chemical compound CC(C)CC1(CC=C)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O UZVHFVZFNXBMQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007646 directional migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015784 hyperosmotic salinity response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of beach saline land rice field pond fishman's zoology breeding systems, include successively according to water (flow) direction：Water inlet lateral canal, water inlet field ditch, the rice field of several slip fields composition, draining field ditch, draining lateral canal and by collecting-tank, raise and train pond and pond that growing pond forms；Wherein, water inlet field ditch and draining field ditch are located at water inlet end and the water outlet of every slip field North and South direction, and water inlet lateral canal is connected to above-mentioned several water inlet field ditchs；Draining lateral canal water intake end is connected to above-mentioned several draining field ditchs, water outlet respectively with collecting-tank, raise and train pond and growing pond is connected to, and collecting-tank and raising and train is interconnected respectively between pond and collecting-tank；Above system combines fishman's breeding and Saline-alkali Field Control farming, simple and easily operated, solves the problem of outlet of saline-alkali water during Saline-alkali Field Control, and good economic benefit is created while improving saline alkali land resource utilization rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural breedings and Treatment process field, are related to a kind of suitable for salt-soda soil fishman's comprehensive treatment system
A kind of system, and in particular to beach saline land rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system.
Background technology
For a long time, the comprehensive processing method centered on Yi Shui, fertilizer, utilizing works are taken for the improvement of salt affected soil more
Drainage of salt is the important improving technology measure of one of which, is had also been proposed in recent years " soil water-stable aggregates directional migration ".A but side
Face should rinse the salt in soil, on the other hand also want controlling groundwater level, prevent level of ground water rising from causing the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil,
The saline-alkali water discharge that rebuilding and improving is formed affects the long-term effect of Saline-alkali Field Control transformation often as the focus of people's dispute,
Cause the improvement Improvement advance in salt-soda soil slow, have little effect, wherein the problem of outlet of saline-alkali water, which becomes, restricts alkaline land improving
Bottleneck.
In the prior art, though saline and alkali land improvement method provides certain basis, shortage pair for improvement early period in salt-soda soil
Raised fields and pond after improvement early period lack further technical measures method in terms of later-stage utilization, also reasonable without programming and distribution
Salt-soda soil rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, cause accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali phenomenon, rice field crop cultivation and pond often occur
Cultured output is low, it is difficult to promote the use of for a long time.
Invention content
The present inventor after extensive and in-depth study after, construct and a kind of being suitable for salt-soda soil fishman's Synthetic
The beach saline land rice field of reason-pond fishman's zoology breeding system solves the problem of outlet of salt-soda soil desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching row's buck, improves
The resource utilization in salt-soda soil.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of beach saline land rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system includes successively according to water (flow) direction：Into bucket
Canal, water inlet field ditch, several slip fields composition rice field, draining field ditch, draining lateral canal and by collecting-tank, raise and train pond and growing pond
The pond of composition；Wherein, the water inlet field ditch and drain field ditch be located at the water inlet end per slip field North and South direction and
Water outlet, the water inlet lateral canal are connected to above-mentioned several water inlet field ditchs；The draining lateral canal water intake end and above-mentioned several draining agricultures
Canal connection, water outlet respectively with the collecting-tank, raise and train pond and growing pond be connected to, and the collecting-tank and described raise and train Chi Hesuo
It states and is interconnected respectively between growing pond.
Further, the area ratio in the rice field and pond is 3-8:1.
Further, described field area is 100-200 mus, and the difference in height between described field is no more than 2.5cm.
Further, the specification of the water inlet lateral canal is：Opening is 5.0m, bottom width 1.5m, and depth of water 1.3m, canal depth is
1.8m；It is described draining lateral canal specification be：Opening is 10m, bottom width 4.0m, depth of water 1.8m, and canal depth is 2.1m.The water inlet
The specification of field ditch is：Opening is 2.0m, bottom width 0.5m, depth of water 0.5m, and canal depth is 0.7m；The specification of the draining field ditch
For：Opening is 5.5m, bottom width 1.7m, depth of water 1.5m, and canal depth is 1.7m.
Further, the water capacity of the collecting-tank is the 20-30% of breeding water body.
Further, the pond of raising and train is the ramp type structure that width suitable for reading is 9m, bottom width is 8m, and top is equipped with
Height is the vinyl house of 1.7m, and both ends are respectively equipped with the intake gate and drainage gate that gate widths are 1m, area 0.5-1
Mu, depth of water 1m；Plastic film or cement bank protection are equipped on the slope, it is 30-35cm that the middle part suitable for reading, which is equipped with width,
And make somebody a mere figurehead in the aisle on the water surface, the bottom is equipped with aeration system.The aeration system is to be equipped with a 0.7-0.8 thousand per acre
Watt wind turbine, per 2m2If there are one gas stone or nanotubes.
Further, the growing pond is rectangle, and area is 5-10 mus, and pond depth is 1.5-2m, and the depth of water is 1.2-
1.5m。
Further, the growing pond is equipped with inlet channel and drainage ditch, and the width of the drainage ditch be more than it is described into
Water channel；The intake gate and drainage gate that gate widths are 1m, and the drainage ditch are respectively equipped on the inlet channel and drainage ditch
Bottom end is less than the drainage gate bottom end at least 30cm.
Further, the rectangle growing pond is East and West direction, and length-width-ratio is 3：1.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The present invention is based on water salt balances and energy cycle of matter principle, and aquaculture and Saline-alkali Field Control farming are combined
Come, beach saline land rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system is constructed, by 1 year fishman's zoology breeding, paddy soil
Salinity 2.0-4.8g/kg is dropped to by 13.7g/kg, have dropped 65%-85%, reach proportion of crop planting standard, rice per mu yield
Reach 500kg/ mus or more, litopenaeus vannamei per mu yield average out to 240kg or more, solves saline-alkali water during Saline-alkali Field Control
Problem of outlet.
Two, fishman's zoology breeding simple system of the present invention is efficient, easily operated, improves environment, improves saline alkali land resource profit
Good economic benefit is created while with rate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is beach saline land rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system layout figure of the present invention, wherein 1. into bucket
Canal, 2. rice fields, 3. draining field ditchs, 4. water inlet field ditchs, 5. draining lateral canals, 6. collecting-tanks, 7. raise and train pond, 8. growing ponds.
Specific implementation mode
Present pre-ferred embodiments are provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, with the technical solution that the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention
Protection domain be not limited to following embodiments.
Referring to attached drawing 1, beach saline land of the invention rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, according to water (flow) direction according to
It is secondary to include：Water inlet lateral canal 1, the rice field 2 of several slip fields composition, draining field ditch 3, drains lateral canal 5 and by collecting at water inlet field ditch 4
Pond 6, the pond for raising and train pond 7 and the composition of growing pond 8, wherein water inlet field ditch 4 and draining field ditch 3 are located at every slip Tian Nan
The north to water inlet end and water outlet, water inlet lateral canal 1 be connected to above-mentioned several water inlet field ditchs 4；Drain 5 water intake end of lateral canal with it is above-mentioned
The connection of several draining field ditchs 3, water outlet respectively with collecting-tank 6 and raise and train pond 7 and growing pond 8 is connected to, and collecting-tank 6 with raise and train pond
It is interconnected respectively between 7 and growing pond 8.
Wherein, the area ratio of rice field 2 and pond (collecting-tank 6 raises and train pond 7 and growing pond 8) is 3-8:1, per slip field
Area be 100-200 mu, and per the difference in height between slip field no more than 2.5cm.
Water inlet lateral canal 1 specification be：Opening is 5.0m, bottom width 1.5m, and depth of water 1.3m, canal depth is 1.8m；Drain bucket
The specification of canal 5 is：Opening is 10m, bottom width 4.0m, depth of water 1.8m, and canal depth is 2.1m；Water inlet field ditch 4 specification be：Opening
For 2.0m, bottom width 0.5m, depth of water 0.5m, canal depth is 0.7m；Draining field ditch 3 specification be：Opening is 5.5m, and bottom width is
1.7m, depth of water 1.5m, canal depth are 1.7m.
The water capacity of collecting-tank 6 is the 20-30% of breeding water body.
It is the ramp type structure that width suitable for reading is 9m, bottom width is 8m to raise and train pond 7, and it is 1.7m's that top, which is equipped with height,
Vinyl house, both ends are respectively equipped with the intake gate and drainage gate that gate widths are 1m, and area is 0.5-1 mus, depth of water 1m；Its
In, plastic film or cement bank protection are equipped on slope, middle part suitable for reading is equipped with width and is 30-35cm and makes somebody a mere figurehead in walking on the water surface
Road, bottom are equipped with aeration system；And aeration system is to be equipped with a 0.7-0.8 kilowatts of wind turbine per acre, per 2m2If there are one gas stones
Or nanotube.
Growing pond 8 is equipped with inlet channel and drainage ditch, and the width of drainage ditch is more than inlet channel；Divide on inlet channel and drainage ditch
Not She You gate widths be 1m intake gate and drainage gate, and drainage ditch bottom end be less than drainage gate bottom end at least 30cm；In addition,
Growing pond 8 is East and West direction and length-width ratio is 3：1 rectangle, area are 5-10 mus, and pond depth is 1.5-2m, and the depth of water is 1.2-
1.5m。
1 Rice Cropping of embodiment is tested
In the rice field of above-mentioned rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, salt tolerance rice varieties salt rich 47 or salt are selected
Round-grained rice 933, according to planting row spacing 20cm, hill spacing 10cm, per cave 3-5 plant and per acre ten thousand kinds of rice transplanting cave number 1.6-1.8 plants in rice field.
Daytime cannot be dehydrated during Rice Cropping, rise with moisture evaporation to prevent salinity；Turn green, tiller, heading-stage respectively carry out 1 time
Top dressing drains for first day, applies fertilizer at dusk within second day, third day moisturizing immediately, 7 days after fertilising could venting to improve fertilizer efficiency
Table water, in order to avoid fertilizer loss, rice per mu yield reaches 500kg/ mus or more.
2 aquaculture of embodiment is tested
Body length being generally according to stocking size in pond and being more than 0.8cm, breeding density usually puts ten thousand tails of 5-6/mu (mu in a suitable place to breed
Yield is about 180-230 kilograms) cultivation litopenaeus vannamei, during cultivation by adjust intake gate on inlet channel and drainage ditch and
Drainage gate ensures the pH value of pond water quality 8.8 hereinafter, water temperature stability is at 22 DEG C or more, dissolved oxygen 4mg/L or more, and ammonia nitrogen is small
In 0.6mg/L, nitrite is less than 0.15mg/L.Prawn feeds perfect compound feed, daily ration, feeding quantity according to the size of shrimp, survive
The composite factors such as rate, water quality, weather, feeding quality, general feeding volume on daytime account for 30% of day feeding volume or so, evening feeding volume
70% or so of day feeding volume is accounted for, early period, full pond was fed, and the middle and later periods feeds along pool side, is thrown daytime in profundal zone, is thrown at night shallow
Pool, cultivate 75-80 days, when prawn grow to 70 tails/kilogram or so when according to the market demand go out pond sell, litopenaeus vannamei mu
Produce average out to 240kg or more.
The above is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention should not be limited to disclosed in the embodiment
Content.So every do not depart from the lower equivalent or modification completed of spirit disclosed in this invention, the model that the present invention protects is both fallen within
It encloses.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of beach saline land rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, which is characterized in that wrapped successively according to water (flow) direction
It includes：Intake lateral canal (1), water inlet field ditch (4), several slip fields composition rice field (2), draining field ditch (3), draining lateral canal (5) with
And by collecting-tank (6), raise and train pond (7) and pond that growing pond (8) forms, wherein the water inlet field ditch (4) and draining field ditch
(3) water inlet end per slip field North and South direction and water outlet, the water inlet lateral canal (1) and above-mentioned several water inlets are located at
Field ditch (4) is connected to；Draining lateral canal (5) water intake end is connected to above-mentioned several draining field ditchs (3), water outlet respectively with the collection
Pond (6) is raised and train pond (7) and is connected to growing pond (8), and the collecting-tank (6) raises and train pond (7) and the growing pond with described
(8) it is interconnected respectively between.
2. a kind of beach saline land rice field as described in claim 1-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, which is characterized in that institute
The area ratio for stating rice field (2) and pond is 3-8:1；Described field area is 100-200 mus, and the height between described field
Difference is no more than 2.5cm.
3. a kind of beach saline land rice field as described in claim 1-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, which is characterized in that institute
The specification stated into water lateral canal (1) is：Opening is 5.0m, bottom width 1.5m, and depth of water 1.3m, canal depth is 1.8m；The drain bucket
The specification of canal (5) is：Opening is 10m, bottom width 4.0m, depth of water 1.8m, and canal depth is 2.1m.
4. a kind of beach saline land rice field as described in claim 1-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, which is characterized in that institute
The specification stated into water field ditch (4) is：Opening is 2.0m, bottom width 0.5m, depth of water 0.5m, and canal depth is 0.7m；The draining agriculture
The specification of canal (3) is：Opening is 5.5m, bottom width 1.7m, depth of water 1.5m, and canal depth is 1.7m.
5. a kind of beach saline land rice field as described in claim 1-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, which is characterized in that institute
The water capacity for stating collecting-tank (6) is the 20-30% of breeding water body.
6. a kind of beach saline land rice field as described in claim 1-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, which is characterized in that institute
It is the ramp type structure that width suitable for reading is 9m, bottom width is 8m to state and raise and train pond (7), and top is equipped with the plastics that height is 1.7m
Greenhouse, both ends are respectively equipped with the intake gate and drainage gate that gate widths are 1m, and area is 0.5-1 mus, depth of water 1m；It is described oblique
Plastic film or cement bank protection are equipped on slope, the middle part suitable for reading is equipped with width and is 30-35cm and makes somebody a mere figurehead in walking on the water surface
Road, the bottom are equipped with aeration system.
7. a kind of beach saline land rice field as claimed in claim 6-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, which is characterized in that institute
It is to be equipped with a 0.7-0.8 kilowatts of wind turbine per acre to state aeration system, per 2m2If there are one gas stone or nanotubes.
8. a kind of beach saline land rice field as described in claim 1-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, which is characterized in that institute
It states growing pond (8) and is equipped with inlet channel and drainage ditch, and the width of the drainage ditch is more than the inlet channel；The inlet channel and row
The intake gate and drainage gate that gate widths are 1m are respectively equipped on water channel, and the drainage ditch bottom end is less than the drainage gate bottom
Hold at least 30cm.
9. a kind of beach saline land rice field as described in claim 1-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, which is characterized in that institute
It is rectangle to state growing pond (8), and area is 5-10 mus, and pond depth is 1.5-2m, and the depth of water is 1.2-1.5m.
10. a kind of beach saline land rice field as claimed in claim 9-pond fishman's zoology breeding system, which is characterized in that institute
It is East and West direction to state growing pond (8), and length-width-ratio is 3：1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810290145.8A CN108450387A (en) | 2018-04-03 | 2018-04-03 | A kind of beach saline land rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system |
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| CN201810290145.8A CN108450387A (en) | 2018-04-03 | 2018-04-03 | A kind of beach saline land rice field-pond fishman's zoology breeding system |
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| CN110552336A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-12-10 | 正大农业科技(浙江)有限公司 | Large-scale coastal saline-alkali soil reclamation and route entry and drainage integrated construction method |
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Application publication date: 20180828 |