AU2005287034B2 - Membrane enhanced reactor - Google Patents
Membrane enhanced reactor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2005287034B2 AU2005287034B2 AU2005287034A AU2005287034A AU2005287034B2 AU 2005287034 B2 AU2005287034 B2 AU 2005287034B2 AU 2005287034 A AU2005287034 A AU 2005287034A AU 2005287034 A AU2005287034 A AU 2005287034A AU 2005287034 B2 AU2005287034 B2 AU 2005287034B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- reactor
- membrane
- intermediate layer
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
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- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004180 red 2G Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-NJFSPNSNSA-N silicon-30 atom Chemical compound [30Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(II) chloride (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sn+2] AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/024—Oxides
- B01D71/025—Aluminium oxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
- B01D63/062—Tubular membrane modules with membranes on a surface of a support tube
- B01D63/065—Tubular membrane modules with membranes on a surface of a support tube on the outer surface thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
- B01D63/069—Tubular membrane modules comprising a bundle of tubular membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0069—Inorganic membrane manufacture by deposition from the liquid phase, e.g. electrochemical deposition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0088—Physical treatment with compounds, e.g. swelling, coating or impregnation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D71/0223—Group 8, 9 or 10 metals
- B01D71/02231—Palladium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/022—Metals
- B01D71/0223—Group 8, 9 or 10 metals
- B01D71/02232—Nickel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
- B01J8/009—Membranes, e.g. feeding or removing reactants or products to or from the catalyst bed through a membrane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/501—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion
- C01B3/503—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion characterised by the membrane
- C01B3/505—Membranes containing palladium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2313/42—Catalysts within the flow path
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/22—Thermal or heat-resistance properties
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0405—Purification by membrane separation
- C01B2203/041—In-situ membrane purification during hydrogen production
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0475—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/048—Composition of the impurity the impurity being an organic compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0495—Composition of the impurity the impurity being water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/80—Aspect of integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas not covered by groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/1695
- C01B2203/86—Carbon dioxide sequestration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US61160804P | 2004-09-21 | 2004-09-21 | |
| US60/611,608 | 2004-09-21 | ||
| PCT/US2005/033267 WO2006034086A1 (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2005-09-19 | Membrane enhanced reactor |
Publications (2)
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|---|---|
| AU2005287034A1 AU2005287034A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
| AU2005287034B2 true AU2005287034B2 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| JP (1) | JP2008513337A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2005287034B2 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2580580A1 (enExample) |
| NO (1) | NO20071532L (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TW200630158A (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2006034086A1 (enExample) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7727596B2 (en) * | 2004-07-21 | 2010-06-01 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute | Method for fabricating a composite gas separation module |
| US8048199B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 | 2011-11-01 | Shell Oil Company | Method of making a leak stable gas separation membrane system |
| JP2010523315A (ja) | 2007-04-05 | 2010-07-15 | ウスター ポリテクニック インスティチュート | 多孔質アノード酸化層を有する複合構造および製造方法 |
| JP5147375B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-11 | 2013-02-20 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 反応膜、水素製造装置および燃料電池 |
| JP5354516B2 (ja) * | 2008-08-15 | 2013-11-27 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 水素分離体 |
| US8936883B2 (en) | 2009-03-10 | 2015-01-20 | Powercell Sweden Ab | Arrangement and method for generating hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuel |
| CN101920332B (zh) * | 2010-04-29 | 2012-05-02 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | 一种不锈钢/铜复合梯度材料热交换过渡区部件的制造方法 |
| US8652239B2 (en) | 2010-05-03 | 2014-02-18 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute | High permeance sulfur tolerant Pd/Cu alloy membranes |
| US9168511B2 (en) | 2010-11-16 | 2015-10-27 | Stichting Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland | Catalyst for hydrogen production |
| EP2794066B1 (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2019-08-14 | Shell International Research Maatschappij B.V. | A method of making a hydrogen separation composite membrane |
| CN103182249B (zh) * | 2011-12-30 | 2016-10-05 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 多孔基材的修饰方法及经修饰的多孔基材 |
| US20130171442A1 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-04 | Meng-Chang Lin | Method for modifying porous substrate and modified porous substrate |
| JP5879161B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-09 | 2016-03-08 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | 水蒸気分離膜及びその製造方法 |
| EP2999771A1 (en) | 2013-05-20 | 2016-03-30 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Two-stage diesel aromatics saturation process utilizing intermediate stripping and base metal catalyst |
| CN105013297B (zh) * | 2014-04-23 | 2017-12-26 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种用分子筛修饰钯基复合膜的方法 |
| EP3686318A1 (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-07-29 | Paul Scherrer Institut | Porous transport layer based on plurality of sintered porous layers |
| US11492255B2 (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2022-11-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Steam methane reforming with steam regeneration |
| CN111424306B (zh) * | 2020-04-13 | 2021-02-19 | 厦门通富微电子有限公司 | 一种气泡剥离装置及电镀液电镀系统 |
| US11322766B2 (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2022-05-03 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Direct hydrocarbon metal supported solid oxide fuel cell |
| US11639290B2 (en) | 2020-06-04 | 2023-05-02 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Dry reforming of methane with carbon dioxide at elevated pressure |
| US11583824B2 (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2023-02-21 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Hydrogen production with membrane reformer |
| US11492254B2 (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2022-11-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Hydrogen production with membrane reformer |
| US11999619B2 (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2024-06-04 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Hydrogen production with membrane reactor |
| CN111905504A (zh) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-11-10 | 王保林 | 一种工业废气及废气中金属颗粒物处理装置 |
| JP7516174B2 (ja) | 2020-09-09 | 2024-07-16 | 日産自動車株式会社 | ガス分離膜及びその製造方法 |
| US12220666B2 (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2025-02-11 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Ultrathin membrane fabrication |
| CN113041970B (zh) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-11-26 | 南京理工大学 | 一种内置扰流结构催化膜式反应器 |
| US11718575B2 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-08-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Methanol production via dry reforming and methanol synthesis in a vessel |
| US11578016B1 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-02-14 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Olefin production via dry reforming and olefin synthesis in a vessel |
| US12258272B2 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2025-03-25 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Dry reforming of methane using a nickel-based bi-metallic catalyst |
| US11787759B2 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-10-17 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Dimethyl ether production via dry reforming and dimethyl ether synthesis in a vessel |
| US11617981B1 (en) | 2022-01-03 | 2023-04-04 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Method for capturing CO2 with assisted vapor compression |
| EP4483992A4 (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2025-10-22 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | REACTOR |
| DE102022203604A1 (de) | 2022-04-11 | 2023-10-12 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Pulver, keramische Wand, Reaktionskammer sowie Verfahren |
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-
2005
- 2005-09-19 CA CA002580580A patent/CA2580580A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-09-19 WO PCT/US2005/033267 patent/WO2006034086A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-09-19 TW TW094132238A patent/TW200630158A/zh unknown
- 2005-09-19 EP EP05808744A patent/EP1789172A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-19 AU AU2005287034A patent/AU2005287034B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-09-19 JP JP2007532531A patent/JP2008513337A/ja active Pending
-
2007
- 2007-03-23 NO NO20071532A patent/NO20071532L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (10)
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| US5217506A (en) * | 1990-08-10 | 1993-06-08 | Bend Research, Inc. | Hydrogen-permeable composite metal membrane and uses thereof |
| US5393325A (en) * | 1990-08-10 | 1995-02-28 | Bend Research, Inc. | Composite hydrogen separation metal membrane |
| US5498278A (en) * | 1990-08-10 | 1996-03-12 | Bend Research, Inc. | Composite hydrogen separation element and module |
| WO1999030806A1 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 1999-06-24 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute | Hydrogen gas-extraction module |
| WO2002066144A2 (fr) * | 2001-02-19 | 2002-08-29 | Compagnie D'etude Des Techniques De L'hydrogene (Ceth) | Structures composites de membranes selectivement permeables a l'hydrogene et processeurs de gaz combustibles en faisant usage |
| US20020141919A1 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-03 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Metal gas separation membrane |
| WO2003011433A1 (de) * | 2001-07-25 | 2003-02-13 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Metallische lösungs-diffusions-membran sowie verfahren zur herstellung |
| US20040129135A1 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2004-07-08 | Roark Shane E. | Dense, layered membranes for hydrogen separation |
| WO2004022480A2 (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-03-18 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Apparatus and process for production of high purity hydrogen |
| WO2004098751A1 (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2004-11-18 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute | Composite gas separation modules having high tamman temperature intermediate layers |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| EDLUND D J et al: 'The relationship between inter-metallic diffusion and flux decline in composite-metal membranes: implications for achieving long membrane lifetime', JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE, ELSEVIER SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS COMPANY. * |
| SHU J et al: 'Structurally stable composite Pd-Ag alloy membranes: Introduction of a diffusion barrier'. THIN SOLID FILMS, ELSEVIER-SEQUIOA S.A LAUSANNE, CH, vol. 286, no. 1, 30 September 1996, pages 72- 79, XP004049419, ISSN: 00040-6090 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2008513337A (ja) | 2008-05-01 |
| NO20071532L (no) | 2007-06-20 |
| EP1789172A1 (en) | 2007-05-30 |
| WO2006034086A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
| AU2005287034A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
| CA2580580A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
| TW200630158A (en) | 2006-09-01 |
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