ATE228421T1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum extrudieren von polymerschaum, insbesondere mikrozellenschaum - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum extrudieren von polymerschaum, insbesondere mikrozellenschaum

Info

Publication number
ATE228421T1
ATE228421T1 AT97939596T AT97939596T ATE228421T1 AT E228421 T1 ATE228421 T1 AT E228421T1 AT 97939596 T AT97939596 T AT 97939596T AT 97939596 T AT97939596 T AT 97939596T AT E228421 T1 ATE228421 T1 AT E228421T1
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
foam
blowing agent
polymeric material
extruding polymer
present
Prior art date
Application number
AT97939596T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Theodore A Burnham
Sung W Cha
Robert H Walat
Roland Y Kim
Jere R Anderson
James F Stevenson
Nam P Suh
Matthew Pallaver
Original Assignee
Trexel Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Trexel Inc filed Critical Trexel Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ATE228421T1 publication Critical patent/ATE228421T1/de

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/20Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of indefinite length
    • B29C44/32Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. linings, inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C44/322Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. linings, inserts or reinforcements the preformed parts being elongated inserts, e.g. cables
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/3442Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
    • B29C44/3446Feeding the blowing agent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/3469Cell or pore nucleation
    • B29C44/3473Cell or pore nucleation by shearing forces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/3469Cell or pore nucleation
    • B29C44/348Cell or pore nucleation by regulating the temperature and/or the pressure, e.g. suppression of foaming until the pressure is rapidly decreased
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/36Feeding the material to be shaped
    • B29C44/46Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length
    • B29C44/461Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length dispensing apparatus, e.g. dispensing foaming resin over the whole width of the moving surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/36Feeding the material to be shaped
    • B29C44/46Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length
    • B29C44/468Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length in a plurality of parallel streams which unite during the foaming
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/06Rod-shaped
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/29Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in liquid form
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07Flat, e.g. panels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/288Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
    • B29C48/2886Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules of fibrous, filamentary or filling materials, e.g. thin fibrous reinforcements or fillers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0005Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/16Fillers
AT97939596T 1996-08-27 1997-08-26 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum extrudieren von polymerschaum, insbesondere mikrozellenschaum ATE228421T1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US2462396P 1996-08-27 1996-08-27
US2688996P 1996-09-23 1996-09-23
US77770996A 1996-12-20 1996-12-20
PCT/US1997/015088 WO1998008667A2 (en) 1996-08-27 1997-08-26 Method and apparatus for microcellular polymer extrusion

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ATE228421T1 true ATE228421T1 (de) 2002-12-15

Family

ID=27362362

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT02019727T ATE295254T1 (de) 1996-08-27 1997-08-26 Verfahren zum extrudieren von mikrozellenpolymeren
AT97939596T ATE228421T1 (de) 1996-08-27 1997-08-26 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum extrudieren von polymerschaum, insbesondere mikrozellenschaum

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT02019727T ATE295254T1 (de) 1996-08-27 1997-08-26 Verfahren zum extrudieren von mikrozellenpolymeren

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US6284810B1 (de)
EP (2) EP0923443B1 (de)
JP (2) JP4240540B2 (de)
AT (2) ATE295254T1 (de)
AU (1) AU755441B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2264159A1 (de)
DE (2) DE69717465T2 (de)
WO (1) WO1998008667A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (144)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2100083A1 (en) * 1991-01-08 1992-07-09 Michael C. Kiefer Insulin-like growth factor binding protein
EP0923443B1 (de) * 1996-08-27 2002-11-27 Trexel Inc. Verfahren und vorrichtung zum extrudieren von polymerschaum, insbesondere mikrozellenschaum
US6884377B1 (en) 1996-08-27 2005-04-26 Trexel, Inc. Method and apparatus for microcellular polymer extrusion
US6884823B1 (en) 1997-01-16 2005-04-26 Trexel, Inc. Injection molding of polymeric material
EP0991576B1 (de) * 1997-06-26 2002-10-16 Trexel, Inc. Mikrozellularer Behälter und Verfahren zum Bewahren von Produkten bei niedriger Temperatur in diesem Behälter
US6235380B1 (en) 1997-07-24 2001-05-22 Trexel, Inc. Lamination of microcellular articles
EP1047722A1 (de) * 1997-12-19 2000-11-02 Trexel, Inc. Dehnbares mikrozelluläres material niedriger dichte aus einem aklenylaromaten, einem ungesättigten nitril und einem konjugierten dien
US6706223B1 (en) * 1997-12-19 2004-03-16 Trexel, Inc. Microcelluar extrusion/blow molding process and article made thereby
EP1040158B2 (de) 1997-12-19 2012-04-18 Trexel, Inc. Mikrozellulares schaumstoff-extrusions/blasformverfahren und damit hergestellter gegenstand
US6231942B1 (en) 1998-01-21 2001-05-15 Trexel, Inc. Method and apparatus for microcellular polypropylene extrusion, and polypropylene articles produced thereby
NL1010057C2 (nl) 1998-09-10 2000-03-13 Wavin Bv Werkwijze en inrichting voor het extruderen van geschuimde voorwerpen.
US6428297B1 (en) * 1998-10-28 2002-08-06 Dart Container Corporation Apparatus for making a corrugation-free foam
DE69939715D1 (de) * 1998-11-04 2008-11-20 Trexel Inc Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Formen von Schaum
WO2000031170A1 (en) * 1998-11-25 2000-06-02 Trexel, Inc. Microcellular polyvinyl chloride foam
US7172333B2 (en) 1999-04-02 2007-02-06 Southco, Inc. Injection molding screw
US6322347B1 (en) 1999-04-02 2001-11-27 Trexel, Inc. Methods for manufacturing foam material including systems with pressure restriction element
US6391931B1 (en) 1999-04-28 2002-05-21 3M Innovative Properties Co Uniform small cell foams and a continuous process for making same
AU5124200A (en) * 1999-05-27 2000-12-18 Trexel, Inc. Polymeric foam processing
US6613811B1 (en) 1999-06-03 2003-09-02 Trexel, Inc. Microcellular thermoplastic elastomeric structures
AU771136B2 (en) * 1999-07-16 2004-03-11 Wavin B.V. Method for forming an article comprising closed-cell microfoam from thermoplastic
EP1198333A1 (de) * 1999-07-16 2002-04-24 Wavin B.V. Verfahren zur herstellung eines thermoplastischen, geschlossenzelliger mikroschaum aufweisenden gegenstandes
US6759004B1 (en) 1999-07-20 2004-07-06 Southco, Inc. Process for forming microporous metal parts
US6602064B1 (en) * 1999-08-31 2003-08-05 Trexel, Inc. Polymer processing system and apparatus
AU2651701A (en) * 2000-01-10 2001-07-24 Georg Michael Ickinger Method for introducing additives
US6926507B2 (en) 2000-03-07 2005-08-09 Trexel, Inc. Blowing agent delivery system
WO2001070861A2 (en) 2000-03-17 2001-09-27 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Polyolefin foam for sound and thermal insulation
DE10020162C2 (de) * 2000-04-25 2002-04-25 Hennecke Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Massivstoff oder Schaumstoff bildenden, fließfähigen Reaktionsgemisches
US6386992B1 (en) 2000-05-04 2002-05-14 Acushnet Company Golf ball compositions including microcellular materials and methods for making same
US6593384B2 (en) 2000-05-25 2003-07-15 Trexel, Inc. Polymer foam processing with low blowing agent levels
US20020009584A1 (en) * 2000-06-14 2002-01-24 Boyer Thomas D. Encapsulation using microcellular foamed materials
US20030077346A1 (en) * 2000-06-14 2003-04-24 Boyer Thomas D. Encapsulation using microcellular foamed materials
US6468451B1 (en) 2000-06-23 2002-10-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making a fibrillated article
US6602063B1 (en) 2000-07-21 2003-08-05 Trexel, Inc. Discontinuous blowing agent delivery system and method
US6616434B1 (en) 2000-08-10 2003-09-09 Trexel, Inc. Blowing agent metering system
AU2001296942A1 (en) 2000-09-29 2002-04-08 Trexel, Inc. In-mold decorated articles and methods
KR100823748B1 (ko) 2000-09-29 2008-04-21 트레셀 인코포레이티드 섬유 충전 성형품
WO2002034491A2 (en) 2000-10-24 2002-05-02 Trexel, Inc. Valve for injection molding
US6652786B2 (en) 2001-02-13 2003-11-25 Ludlow Company Lp Method for manufacturing coaxial wire with foamed insulation
US20020147245A1 (en) * 2001-04-05 2002-10-10 Kim Roland Y. Method and apparatus for controlling foam processing
US7186102B2 (en) * 2001-04-26 2007-03-06 Strandex Corporation Apparatus and method for low-density cellular wood plastic composites
WO2002090085A1 (en) * 2001-05-04 2002-11-14 Trexel Inc Injection molding systems and methods
US20030211310A1 (en) 2001-06-21 2003-11-13 Haas Christopher K. Foam and method of making
US20030008129A1 (en) * 2001-06-27 2003-01-09 International Business Machines Corporation Dielectric material and process of insulating a semiconductor device using same
GB2379916B (en) 2001-09-20 2003-09-10 Reckitt Benckiser Injection moulded containers
US20030094718A1 (en) * 2001-10-27 2003-05-22 Berthold Droege Extrusion plant
US20040171339A1 (en) * 2002-10-28 2004-09-02 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Microporous polishing pads
US6913517B2 (en) * 2002-05-23 2005-07-05 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Microporous polishing pads
US20050276967A1 (en) * 2002-05-23 2005-12-15 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Surface textured microporous polishing pads
US7166247B2 (en) * 2002-06-24 2007-01-23 Micron Technology, Inc. Foamed mechanical planarization pads made with supercritical fluid
US7951449B2 (en) 2002-06-27 2011-05-31 Wenguang Ma Polyester core materials and structural sandwich composites thereof
US7318713B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2008-01-15 Trexel, Inc. Polymer processing systems including screws
US20040038018A1 (en) * 2002-08-22 2004-02-26 Trexel, Inc. Thermoplastic elastomeric foam materials and methods of forming the same
US7267607B2 (en) * 2002-10-28 2007-09-11 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Transparent microporous materials for CMP
US7144532B2 (en) * 2002-10-28 2006-12-05 Trexel, Inc. Blowing agent introduction systems and methods
US7435165B2 (en) 2002-10-28 2008-10-14 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Transparent microporous materials for CMP
US7311862B2 (en) * 2002-10-28 2007-12-25 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Method for manufacturing microporous CMP materials having controlled pore size
US7105112B2 (en) 2002-11-05 2006-09-12 L&L Products, Inc. Lightweight member for reinforcing, sealing or baffling
US6958365B2 (en) * 2003-05-13 2005-10-25 Eastman Kodak Company Manufacturing process for open celled microcellular foam
US20040229966A1 (en) * 2003-05-13 2004-11-18 Eastman Kodak Company Manufacturing process and use for open celled microcellular foam
JP4573505B2 (ja) * 2003-07-24 2010-11-04 日東電工株式会社 樹脂発泡体の製造方法及び樹脂発泡体
US7407498B2 (en) * 2003-09-02 2008-08-05 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Construction of medical components using gas assisted microcellular foaming
EP1671778A4 (de) * 2003-10-09 2008-02-20 Misawa Homes Co Extrusionsformmaschine
US8179808B2 (en) * 2003-10-31 2012-05-15 Brocade Communication Systems, Inc. Network path tracing method
DE102004007362B3 (de) * 2004-02-16 2005-09-15 MöllerTech GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen und Ausbringen eines schäumbaren Kunststoffes
US8075372B2 (en) * 2004-09-01 2011-12-13 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Polishing pad with microporous regions
US20080034666A1 (en) * 2005-02-15 2008-02-14 Jyawook Sam M Thermoplastic vehicle weather stripping
WO2006101143A1 (ja) * 2005-03-22 2006-09-28 Prime Polymer Co., Ltd. プロピレン系樹脂押出発泡体及びプロピレン系樹脂押出発泡体の製造方法
EP1862495A4 (de) * 2005-03-22 2011-05-18 Prime Polymer Co Ltd Extrudierter propylenharzschaumstoff und herstellungsverfahren dafür
DE102005020794A1 (de) * 2005-05-04 2006-11-09 Coperion Werner & Pfleiderer Gmbh & Co. Kg Anlage zur Erzeugung einer Schaumkunststoff-Folie
WO2007007867A1 (ja) 2005-07-13 2007-01-18 Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. パール調外観を有するプラスチック容器及びその製造方法
EP2990435A1 (de) * 2005-08-05 2016-03-02 Wavin B.V. Verfahren zur herstellung eines rohr aus extrudiertem mikrozelligem polymerschaumstoff und matrize
ES2279704B1 (es) * 2005-10-27 2008-06-01 Universidade Da Coruña Sistema para procesar espumas polimericas termoplasticas, utilizando dioxido de carbono (co2) como agente espumante.
US7784544B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2010-08-31 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method of treating a subterranean formation using a rheology model for fluid optimization
US20100175877A1 (en) * 2006-01-24 2010-07-15 Parris Michael D Method of designing and executing a well treatment
US7790255B2 (en) * 2006-03-20 2010-09-07 Plastic Technologies, Inc. Foamed-wall container having a silvery appearance
US20100264052A1 (en) * 2006-03-20 2010-10-21 Semersky Frank E Foamed-wall container with foamed and unfoamed regions
ES2301388B1 (es) * 2006-10-17 2009-06-22 Jose Fernando Lopez Diaz Procedimiento y medios para la fabricacion de tuberias moldeadas con estructura craneal microcelular.
US20080149899A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Foamable Fluoropolymer Composition
US20080161435A1 (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-07-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Extrusion of a Foamable Fluoropolymer
US7838108B2 (en) * 2007-01-17 2010-11-23 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. Nano-cellular polymer foam and methods for making them
EP2065156A1 (de) * 2007-11-29 2009-06-03 Nexans Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines Formkörpers aus geschäumten Polytetrafluorethylen
EP2581395A2 (de) * 2008-02-26 2013-04-17 H.B. Fuller Company Energieaktivierte, bei Raumtemperatur pumpbare Polymerzusammensetzungen und Vorrichtungen zu deren Aktivierung und Ausgabe
US8440732B2 (en) * 2008-03-25 2013-05-14 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. Polymeric foams with nanocellular morphology and methods for making them
JP5385714B2 (ja) * 2009-07-17 2014-01-08 ニッタ・ハース株式会社 研磨パッド
US8563621B2 (en) 2010-04-21 2013-10-22 Polyfil Corporation Blowing agents formed from nanoparticles of carbonates
EP2397303A1 (de) * 2010-06-21 2011-12-21 URSA Insulation, S.A. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von thermoplastischen Kunststoffschaumplatten, mit diesem Verfahren hergestellte Platte und Verwendung der Platten
DE102010026272A1 (de) * 2010-07-06 2012-01-12 Rehau Ag + Co. Kunststoffprofil, insbesondere Kunststoff-Extrusionsprofil sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunststoffprofils
US20120009420A1 (en) 2010-07-07 2012-01-12 Lifoam Industries Compostable or Biobased Foams
US8962706B2 (en) 2010-09-10 2015-02-24 Lifoam Industries, Llc Process for enabling secondary expansion of expandable beads
US9724857B2 (en) * 2011-03-11 2017-08-08 Mucell Extrusion, Llc Compression molded polymeric foam articles and methods
WO2012174567A2 (en) 2011-06-17 2012-12-20 Berry Plastics Corporation Process for forming an insulated container having artwork
MX2013014905A (es) 2011-06-17 2014-11-14 Berry Plastics Corp Manguito aislante para taza.
BR112013032315A2 (pt) 2011-06-17 2016-12-20 Berry Plastics Corp recipiente isolado
WO2012174422A2 (en) 2011-06-17 2012-12-20 Berry Plastics Corporation Insulated container with molded brim
EP2543489A3 (de) 2011-07-07 2013-10-30 Lifoam Industries, LLC Verfahren zur Ermöglichung einer sekundären Expansion expandierbarer Kügelchen
ES2486615B2 (es) 2011-08-31 2017-03-08 Berry Plastics Corporation Formulación, resina o extruido para conformar una estructura celular aislante, polimérica y no aromática, artículo y material que se obtiene, recipiente conformado y proceso de obtención.
HUP1200156A2 (en) 2012-03-09 2013-09-30 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Chiyoda Ku Equipment and method for producing microcellular plastics
US11292163B2 (en) * 2012-03-30 2022-04-05 Mucell Extrusion, Llc Method of forming polymeric foam and related foam articles
KR20150040344A (ko) 2012-08-07 2015-04-14 베리 플라스틱스 코포레이션 컵 성형 공정 및 장치
DE102012108705B4 (de) 2012-09-17 2020-01-09 Mondi Ag Kunststofffolie
DE102012109966A1 (de) 2012-10-18 2014-05-08 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Innenausstattungsteil für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102012109964A1 (de) 2012-10-18 2014-04-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Folie mit einer Oberflächenschicht aus geschäumten Kunststoff und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
CA2889280C (en) 2012-10-26 2021-10-19 Berry Plastics Corporation Polymeric material for an insulated container
AR093943A1 (es) 2012-12-14 2015-07-01 Berry Plastics Corp Reborde de un envase termico
AR093944A1 (es) 2012-12-14 2015-07-01 Berry Plastics Corp Troquelado para envase
US9840049B2 (en) 2012-12-14 2017-12-12 Berry Plastics Corporation Cellular polymeric material
US9957365B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2018-05-01 Berry Plastics Corporation Cellular polymeric material
AU2014239318A1 (en) 2013-03-14 2015-10-15 Berry Plastics Corporation Container
CA2917475A1 (en) 2013-07-12 2015-01-15 Berry Plastics Corporation Polymeric material for container
EP3033208A4 (de) 2013-08-16 2017-07-05 Berry Plastics Corp. Polymermaterial für einen isolierten behälter
MX2016002374A (es) 2013-08-26 2016-05-31 Berry Plastics Corp Material polimerico para un envase.
TW201521993A (zh) 2013-08-30 2015-06-16 Berry Plastics Corp 用於容器之聚合材料
EP3046776A4 (de) * 2013-09-19 2017-05-31 Dart Container Corporation Verfahren zur erzeugung einer mikrostruktur in einem material mit thermoplastischen polymermolekülen und zugehörige systeme
EP2883781A1 (de) 2013-12-13 2015-06-17 Sika Technology AG Leichtbau -Verstärkungselement und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Verstärkungselement
ES2586155T3 (es) 2014-09-02 2016-10-11 Mondi Consumer Packaging Technologies Gmbh Lámina multicapa de plástico
EP2815879A3 (de) 2014-09-02 2015-04-29 Mondi Consumer Packaging Technologies GmbH Polyethylen-Coextrusionsfolie
US9758655B2 (en) 2014-09-18 2017-09-12 Berry Plastics Corporation Cellular polymeric material
BR112017010307A2 (pt) 2014-11-28 2017-12-26 Dow Global Technologies Llc processo para formação de espuma de composições de poliolefina usando uma fluororresina como agente de nucleação
CA2969004C (en) 2014-11-28 2022-01-18 Dow Global Technologies Llc Process for foaming polyolefin compositions using a fluororesin/azodicarbonamide mixture as a nucleating agent
WO2016118838A1 (en) 2015-01-23 2016-07-28 Berry Plastics Corporation Polymeric material for an insulated container
WO2016141179A1 (en) 2015-03-04 2016-09-09 Berry Plastics Corporation Polymeric material for container
WO2016179754A1 (en) 2015-05-08 2016-11-17 Dow Global Technologies Llc Process for foaming polyolefin compositions using an azodicarbonamide/citrate mixture as a nucleating agent
JP6056041B1 (ja) * 2015-08-20 2017-01-11 株式会社潤工社 ケーブルコア及び伝送ケーブル
CN108135787B (zh) 2015-10-22 2022-05-17 宝洁公司 发泡膜的阻隔贴片以及改善皮肤外观的方法
BR112018011907A2 (pt) 2015-12-15 2018-11-27 Dow Global Technologies Llc espumas reticuladas feitas de interpolímeros de etileno/alfa-olefinas
SG11201807702VA (en) 2016-03-14 2018-10-30 Dow Global Technologies Llc Process for preparing foamed articles made from ethylene/alpha-olefin interpolymers
JP6871269B2 (ja) 2016-03-28 2021-05-12 ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー 核形成剤としてフッ素樹脂/窒化ホウ素混合物を使用してポリオレフィン組成物を発泡させるためのプロセス
KR102589718B1 (ko) 2016-09-13 2023-10-18 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 발포성 케이블 절연재용 핵제
CN110225942B (zh) 2017-02-07 2022-07-05 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 使用改性的高密度聚乙烯使聚烯烃组合物发泡的方法
US11488775B2 (en) * 2017-07-19 2022-11-01 Essex Furukawa Magnet Wire Usa Llc Systems and methods for forming magnet wire insulation with thermoset material
US11091311B2 (en) 2017-08-08 2021-08-17 Berry Global, Inc. Insulated container and method of making the same
EP3706996A4 (de) 2017-10-12 2021-10-06 Tredegar Surface Protection, LLC Folien zur verwendung als zwischenschichten zwischen substraten
AT520733B1 (de) 2018-04-25 2019-07-15 Engel Austria Gmbh Verfahren zum Bestimmen eines Lösungszustands eines Gases
US11396121B2 (en) * 2018-08-20 2022-07-26 N.E.W. Plastics Corp. Extruded variegated plastic profile and method
JP7445664B2 (ja) 2019-01-22 2024-03-07 トレデガー サーフェイス プロテクション エルエルシー 基材間のインターリーフとして使用されるフィルム及びその製造方法
FR3091983B1 (fr) 2019-01-28 2021-04-30 Texen Services Application d’un produit sur une partie superficielle du corps humain
CN111791445B (zh) 2019-04-05 2022-03-22 恩格尔奥地利有限公司 用于确定混合物的状态参量的目标值的方法
US11351707B2 (en) 2019-05-23 2022-06-07 iMFLUX Inc. Method and apparatus for real time control of injection of structural foaming agents, colorants, and other additives
US20210347958A1 (en) 2019-06-27 2021-11-11 Moxietec, Llc Polymer foam articles and methods of making polymer foams
EP3990248A1 (de) 2019-06-27 2022-05-04 Moxietec, LLC Polymerschaumartikel und verfahren zur herstellung von polymerschäumen
TWI727763B (zh) * 2020-04-23 2021-05-11 黃龍勢 佈料裝置
CN111730794B (zh) * 2020-06-30 2022-02-11 华东理工大学 热塑性弹性体的超临界流体发泡方法及其产品、应用
US20220363826A1 (en) 2021-05-17 2022-11-17 Jabil Inc. Polyketone powder for laser sintering
AR123446A1 (es) * 2021-06-28 2022-11-30 Moxietec Llc Artículos de espuma de polímeros y métodos para fabricar espumas de polímeros

Family Cites Families (84)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3108148A (en) 1959-06-19 1963-10-22 Phillips Petroleum Co Production of foamed polyolefins in a high shear zone
US3227664A (en) 1961-12-07 1966-01-04 Du Pont Ultramicrocellular structures of crystalline organic polymer
US3384531A (en) 1961-12-07 1968-05-21 Du Pont Flattened ultra-microcellular structure and method for making same
US3253066A (en) 1963-06-19 1966-05-24 American Can Co Method of forming foamed plastic articles
GB1034120A (en) 1963-06-24 1966-06-29 Monsanto Chemicals Extrusion of resins
GB1062086A (en) 1963-08-16 1967-03-15 Du Pont Improvements in or relating to ultramicrocellular structures
US3375211A (en) 1963-08-16 1968-03-26 Du Pont Ultramicrocellular polymeric structures containing an inflatant
GB1050197A (de) 1963-11-27
SE313180B (de) 1964-06-02 1969-08-04 Monsanto Chemicals
US3343214A (en) * 1965-08-24 1967-09-26 Rexall Drug Chemical Adjustable pressure extruding die
US3812225A (en) 1967-01-23 1974-05-21 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Method of manufacturing foamed crosslinked polyolefin slabs involving multiple expansion techniques and direct gas pressure
US3375212A (en) 1967-02-14 1968-03-26 Du Pont Microcellular polymeric structure
GB1166937A (en) 1967-05-19 1969-10-15 Monsanto Chemicals Improvements in or relating to The Production Of Foamed Resins
US3787543A (en) 1968-12-27 1974-01-22 Du Pont Process for the preparation of low density microcellular foam sheets exhibiting high work-to-tear values
US3637458A (en) 1968-12-27 1972-01-25 Du Pont Microcellular foam sheet
CA931720A (en) 1969-08-07 1973-08-14 Hayashi Motoshige Synthetic wood and a method for preparation thereof
US3856442A (en) * 1970-10-19 1974-12-24 Ici Ltd Dispersion of materials in thermoplastics
US3796779A (en) 1972-02-02 1974-03-12 Bischoff Chemical Corp Mixing of molten plastic and gas
JPS5231323Y2 (de) * 1973-01-13 1977-07-16
GB1474774A (en) * 1973-10-09 1977-05-25 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Process and apparatus for producing a foamed thermoplastic resin article
GB1485587A (en) 1974-01-22 1977-09-14 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Process of producing a foamed thermoplastics resin articl
CA1058716A (en) * 1975-06-05 1979-07-17 Steve A. Fox Coaxial cable with improved properties and process of making same
US4260351A (en) * 1975-11-04 1981-04-07 Hitachi Cables, Ltd. Apparatus for producing foamed plastic insulated wires
US4350663A (en) * 1979-04-23 1982-09-21 Mcalister Roy E Extrusion apparatus for making stabilized polyester
DE3016445A1 (de) * 1980-04-29 1981-11-05 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Vorrichtung zum auftragen eines insbesondere schaumstoff bildenden reaktionsgemisches aus mindestends zwei fliessfaehigen komponenten auf eine wandernde unterlage
US4344710A (en) * 1980-06-10 1982-08-17 Mobil Oil Corporation Polymer foam extrusion system
US4424287A (en) 1980-06-10 1984-01-03 Mobil Oil Corporation Polymer foam process
US4344907A (en) * 1980-10-30 1982-08-17 Mobil Oil Corporation Method and apparatus providing uniform resin distribution in a coextruded product
JPS6052926B2 (ja) 1981-05-18 1985-11-22 積水化成品工業株式会社 熱可塑性樹脂発泡体の製造方法及び装置
US4393017A (en) * 1981-06-18 1983-07-12 The B. F. Goodrich Company Apparatus and method for making foamed resin products
US4436679A (en) 1981-11-09 1984-03-13 Maryland Cup Corporation Method and apparatus for generating foamed thermoplastic materials
US4473665A (en) 1982-07-30 1984-09-25 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Microcellular closed cell foams and their method of manufacture
US4470938A (en) 1982-08-27 1984-09-11 Mobil Oil Corporation Method and apparatus for extrusion of thermoplastic foam
US4548775A (en) 1984-01-05 1985-10-22 Sekisui Kaseihin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method for production of thermoplastic resin foams
JPS63108041A (ja) 1986-06-12 1988-05-12 Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd 微多孔性フィルム及びその製法
US4761256A (en) 1987-01-27 1988-08-02 Eastman Kodak Company Method for producing microcellular foamed plastic material with smooth integral skin
US4728559A (en) 1987-07-16 1988-03-01 Eastman Kodak Company Thermoformed plastic containers with transparent windows and method of making same
US5160674A (en) 1987-07-29 1992-11-03 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Microcellular foams of semi-crystaline polymeric materials
WO1989000918A2 (en) 1987-07-29 1989-02-09 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology A method of producing microcellular foams and microcellular foams of semi-crystalline polymeric materials
US4873218A (en) 1988-05-26 1989-10-10 The United States Department Of Energy Low density, resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels
US5356944A (en) 1988-06-27 1994-10-18 Mobil Oil Corporation High melt index polystytene foam and method
US5286429A (en) 1988-06-27 1994-02-15 Mobil Oil Corporation High melt index polystyrene foam and method
US4906672A (en) 1988-07-29 1990-03-06 Pmc, Inc. Blowing agents for polyurethane foam
JPH0768403B2 (ja) 1988-12-15 1995-07-26 東洋エンジニアリング株式会社 発泡体の製造方法
WO1990007546A1 (en) 1988-12-30 1990-07-12 The Dow Chemical Company Closed cell microcellular foams and their method of manufacture
US4877815A (en) 1989-02-17 1989-10-31 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Nucleating agents for thermoplastic resins
IT1229290B (it) * 1989-04-28 1991-08-08 Brabor Srl Testa di estrusione per materiale espanso, in particolare per materiale espanso a base di polivinilcloruro.
US5250577A (en) 1989-08-02 1993-10-05 The Dow Chemical Company Polystyrene foam made with only carbon dioxide as a blowing agent and a process for making the same
US5266605A (en) 1989-08-02 1993-11-30 The Dow Chemical Company Polystyrene foam made with only carbon dioxide as a blowing agent and a process for making the same
US5034171A (en) 1989-11-30 1991-07-23 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Process for extruding thermoplastic materials using low pressure inert gases as foaming agents
US5227103A (en) * 1990-02-07 1993-07-13 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company High speed insulated conductors
US5110998A (en) * 1990-02-07 1992-05-05 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company High speed insulated conductors
JPH03233814A (ja) * 1990-02-09 1991-10-17 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 高発泡絶縁押出機
CA2015639C (en) * 1990-04-27 1993-08-10 Changize Sadr Process and apparatus for molding foamed plastic article
US5082608A (en) 1990-06-14 1992-01-21 Owens-Illinois Plastic Products Inc. Polystyrene foam sheet manufacture
US5098267A (en) * 1990-06-22 1992-03-24 Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation Apparatus and method for producing and molding structural foam
US5182307A (en) 1990-11-21 1993-01-26 Board Of Regents Of The University Of Washington Polyethylene terephthalate foams with integral crystalline skins
US5158986A (en) * 1991-04-05 1992-10-27 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Microcellular thermoplastic foamed with supercritical fluid
US5128382A (en) 1991-11-15 1992-07-07 The University Of Akron Microcellular foams
US5340844A (en) 1992-04-24 1994-08-23 The Dow Chemical Company Polystyrene foam and a process for making the same
US5369135A (en) 1992-05-13 1994-11-29 Mobil Oil Corporation Controlled microcellular foams of crystalline amorphous polymers
US5358675A (en) 1992-05-13 1994-10-25 Mobil Oil Corporation Controlling heterogeneous nucleation and growth of foams
US5670102A (en) 1993-02-11 1997-09-23 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method of making thermoplastic foamed articles using supercritical fluid
TW261577B (de) * 1993-07-14 1995-11-01 Krypton Internat Sa
US5866053A (en) 1993-11-04 1999-02-02 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Method for providing continuous processing of microcellular and supermicrocellular foamed materials
NZ282337A (en) 1994-03-11 1997-11-24 A C I Operations Thermoforming extruded polystyrene foam sheet immediately after leaving the exit die
US5753717A (en) * 1994-03-30 1998-05-19 Aci Operations Pty Ltd. Plastics foam and method of manufacturing same
DE4422568C1 (de) * 1994-06-28 1996-02-15 Bayer Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Schaumherstellung mittels unter Druck gelöstem Kohlendioxid
JP3555986B2 (ja) * 1994-07-01 2004-08-18 三井化学株式会社 熱可塑性樹脂発泡体の製造方法
DE4425319A1 (de) * 1994-07-18 1996-01-25 Bayer Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Schaumherstellung mittels unter Druck gelöstem Kohlendioxid
EP0804328B1 (de) * 1994-07-18 2001-10-17 Bayer Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur schaumherstellung mittels unter druck gelösten kohlendioxids
DE4437860A1 (de) 1994-10-22 1996-04-25 Basf Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von mikrozellulären Schäumen
BR9509776A (pt) * 1994-11-28 1997-09-30 Bayer Ag Processo e dispositivo para produzir espuma usando dióxide de carbono dissolvido sob pressão
DE4442256C1 (de) * 1994-11-28 1996-07-25 Hennecke Gmbh Maschf Verfahren zum Lösen von Kohlendioxid in einem flüssigen Polymer
US5684055A (en) 1994-12-13 1997-11-04 University Of Washington Semi-continuous production of solid state polymeric foams
US5571848A (en) 1995-01-20 1996-11-05 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology, A Ma Corp. Method for producing a microcellular foam
US5500450A (en) 1995-04-05 1996-03-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy Ultra-low density microcellular polymer foam and method
US5679718A (en) 1995-04-27 1997-10-21 The Dow Chemical Company Microcellular foams containing an infrared attenuating agent and a method of using
AU6846396A (en) * 1995-08-14 1997-03-12 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Gear throttle as a nucleation device in a continuous microcellular extrusion system
US5997781A (en) 1996-04-04 1999-12-07 Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. Injection-expansion molded, thermoplastic resin product and production process thereof
US5830393A (en) 1996-07-10 1998-11-03 Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. Process for preparing expanded product of thermoplastic resin
EP0923443B1 (de) 1996-08-27 2002-11-27 Trexel Inc. Verfahren und vorrichtung zum extrudieren von polymerschaum, insbesondere mikrozellenschaum
ATE272482T1 (de) 1997-01-16 2004-08-15 Trexel Inc Spritzgiessen von mikrozelligem material
US5955511A (en) 1998-08-31 1999-09-21 Handa; Y. Paul Manufacturing ultramicrocellular polymer foams at low pressure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69717465D1 (de) 2003-01-09
US20050256215A1 (en) 2005-11-17
JP4240540B2 (ja) 2009-03-18
EP0923443A2 (de) 1999-06-23
DE69717465T2 (de) 2003-07-10
AU755441B2 (en) 2002-12-12
EP1275485A3 (de) 2003-02-05
US6284810B1 (en) 2001-09-04
WO1998008667A3 (en) 1998-05-14
CA2264159A1 (en) 1998-03-05
AU4164897A (en) 1998-03-19
JP2002501443A (ja) 2002-01-15
ATE295254T1 (de) 2005-05-15
EP0923443B1 (de) 2002-11-27
JP4563146B2 (ja) 2010-10-13
EP1275485A2 (de) 2003-01-15
DE69733286T2 (de) 2006-01-19
WO1998008667A2 (en) 1998-03-05
JP2005178366A (ja) 2005-07-07
EP1275485B1 (de) 2005-05-11
DE69733286D1 (de) 2005-06-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ATE228421T1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum extrudieren von polymerschaum, insbesondere mikrozellenschaum
ATE314037T1 (de) Absorbierende struktur sowie verfahren zu deren herstellung
ATE239542T1 (de) Geschäumte poröse membranen aus thermoplastischen polymeren sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu ihrer herstellung
DE69723684D1 (de) Dienpolymerzusammensetzung, verfahren zu deren herstellung und kautschukzusammensetzung die dieselbe enthält
DE58903230D1 (de) Verfahren zum entfernen von verunreinigungen aus polymeren kunststoffen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens.
FR2733502B1 (fr) Composition de polymere organique synthetique stabilise, procede de stabilisation du polymere et utilisation de la composition
DE59101030D1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von feinstfasern aus thermoplastischen polymeren.
ATE146698T1 (de) Vorrichtung und verfahren zur beseitigung von radon
ATE247544T1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von pelletiertem polyolefin
DE59907067D1 (de) Polymer-Werkstoff und Herstellungsverfahren, sowie System und Verfahren zur Materialüberprüfung von Polymer-Werkstoffen und Bauteilen
DE69301983D1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Entfernung von Kohlenwasserstoffen aus Gasströmen
DE69519763D1 (de) Schäumbare feste Zusammensetzungen aus Perfluorpolymeren und Herstellungsverfahren
DE69509516T2 (de) Geschlossenzelliger schaum mit niedriger dichte aus ethylenischem polymerem
ATE364443T1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von chemischen absorptionsmitteln und chemischen absorptionmittelszusammensetzung
ATE266109T1 (de) Filamente mit hoher rv und vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung von granulaten mit hoher rv und diese filamente
WO2000073036A8 (en) Polymeric foam processing
ATE283755T1 (de) Vorrichtung and verfahren zur direkt-einspritzung von zusatzstoffen in eine polymerschmelze
HUT71504A (en) Process of making an alkenyl aromatic foam
DE60014123D1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von porösen polymerpellets
DK1076606T3 (da) Fremgangsmåde og apparat til fremstilling af plastfolie og en plastfolie
BR0309731A (pt) Processo para produção de corpos moldados poliméricos microporosos espumados, corpo moldado polimérico microporoso espumado em forma particulada, e, partìculas poliméricas microporosas espumadas
DE69521658D1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Extrudieren von Polymerrahmen an Plattenförmigen Körpern
ATE223206T1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von mikropartikeln
DE59706630D1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung einer thermoplastischen elastomermasse
DE50015770D1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Formkörpern aus einem biopolymeren Material

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
RER Ceased as to paragraph 5 lit. 3 law introducing patent treaties