ZA200500915B - Process for hydrogenation of aromatics in hydrocarbon feedstocks containing thiopheneic compounds - Google Patents
Process for hydrogenation of aromatics in hydrocarbon feedstocks containing thiopheneic compounds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200500915B ZA200500915B ZA200500915A ZA200500915A ZA200500915B ZA 200500915 B ZA200500915 B ZA 200500915B ZA 200500915 A ZA200500915 A ZA 200500915A ZA 200500915 A ZA200500915 A ZA 200500915A ZA 200500915 B ZA200500915 B ZA 200500915B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- nickel
- aromatics
- reaction temperature
- hydrogenation
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 57
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 54
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 43
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 29
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 129
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 35
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 35
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 11
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 aromatic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPPHEVSPZGYDHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S].C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 Chemical compound [S].C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 NPPHEVSPZGYDHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003577 thiophenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/44—Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons
- C10G45/46—Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/48—Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J33/00—Protection of catalysts, e.g. by coating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/213,996 US7081555B2 (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2002-08-07 | Process for hydrogenation of aromatics in hydrocarbon feedstocks containing thiopheneic compounds |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ZA200500915B true ZA200500915B (en) | 2006-11-29 |
Family
ID=31494583
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200500915A ZA200500915B (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2005-02-01 | Process for hydrogenation of aromatics in hydrocarbon feedstocks containing thiopheneic compounds |
Country Status (21)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7081555B2 (ru) |
| EP (1) | EP1546289B1 (ru) |
| JP (1) | JP4436757B2 (ru) |
| KR (1) | KR100980137B1 (ru) |
| CN (1) | CN1309807C (ru) |
| AR (1) | AR040789A1 (ru) |
| AT (1) | ATE332953T1 (ru) |
| AU (1) | AU2003259697B2 (ru) |
| BR (1) | BR0313313A (ru) |
| CA (1) | CA2494843A1 (ru) |
| DE (1) | DE60306789T2 (ru) |
| DK (1) | DK1546289T3 (ru) |
| ES (1) | ES2268460T3 (ru) |
| IN (1) | IN247202B (ru) |
| MX (1) | MX256051B (ru) |
| NO (1) | NO20050602L (ru) |
| PT (1) | PT1546289E (ru) |
| RU (1) | RU2309179C2 (ru) |
| UA (1) | UA78844C2 (ru) |
| WO (1) | WO2004015032A1 (ru) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200500915B (ru) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7081555B2 (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2006-07-25 | Shell Oil Company | Process for hydrogenation of aromatics in hydrocarbon feedstocks containing thiopheneic compounds |
| JP2009534411A (ja) * | 2006-04-21 | 2009-09-24 | シエル・インターナシヨナル・リサーチ・マートスハツペイ・ベー・ヴエー | チオフェン系化合物を含む炭化水素供給原料における芳香族化合物の水素化方法 |
| DE102007012812A1 (de) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-09-18 | Süd-Chemie AG | Verfahren zur Entschwefelung von Kraftstoffen und dafür geeigneter hochaktiver Nickel-Trägerkatalysator auf der Basis von Aluminiumoxid |
| JP6456204B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-24 | 2019-01-23 | 千代田化工建設株式会社 | 芳香族炭化水素の水素化触媒及びそれを用いた水素化処理方法 |
Family Cites Families (46)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2101104A (en) | 1934-04-26 | 1937-12-07 | Harold M Smith | Catalyst for hydrogenating hydrocarbons |
| NL257123A (ru) | 1960-10-21 | |||
| OA02047A (fr) | 1965-02-13 | 1970-05-05 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procédé d'hydrogenation selective des diolefines. |
| GB1232393A (ru) * | 1967-07-11 | 1971-05-19 | ||
| FR2105481A5 (ru) | 1970-09-08 | 1972-04-28 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | |
| US3674707A (en) | 1970-10-21 | 1972-07-04 | Grace W R & Co | Regeneration of sulfur-poisoned raney nickel catalyst |
| US3859370A (en) | 1970-10-26 | 1975-01-07 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Massive nickel catalysts and use in hydrogenation processes |
| US3755148A (en) | 1971-04-01 | 1973-08-28 | Union Oil Co | Hydrocarbon hydrogenation |
| US3700742A (en) * | 1971-04-26 | 1972-10-24 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Aromatic hydrogenation process |
| US3775506A (en) | 1971-06-07 | 1973-11-27 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Method of preparing a hydrogenation catalyst |
| GB1421155A (en) | 1972-04-12 | 1976-01-14 | British Petroleum Co | Fermentation process for converting straight chain hydrocarbons present in hydrocarbon mixtures into proteinaceous materials |
| FR2184404B1 (ru) | 1972-05-15 | 1974-09-27 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | |
| US3793388A (en) | 1972-05-30 | 1974-02-19 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Selective hydrogenation of acetylene from olefins with a nickel on alumina catalyst |
| FR2197967B1 (ru) | 1972-09-01 | 1975-01-03 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | |
| US4106745A (en) * | 1973-05-07 | 1978-08-15 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Apparatus for attaching an insert in a mold |
| US3856831A (en) | 1973-07-12 | 1974-12-24 | Fuji Oil Co Ltd | Process for preparing hard butter |
| US4098683A (en) * | 1975-11-03 | 1978-07-04 | Uop Inc. | Process for hydrodesulfurizing or hydrogenating a hydrocarbon distillate |
| US4118342A (en) | 1977-06-21 | 1978-10-03 | Labofina S. A. | Process for producing catalysts |
| US4160745A (en) | 1977-12-01 | 1979-07-10 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Method of preparing highly active nickel catalysts and catalysts prepared by said method |
| DE2912780A1 (de) * | 1979-03-30 | 1980-10-09 | Herbert Huettlin | Siebboden fuer wirbelschichtapparaturen |
| US4249907A (en) | 1979-08-23 | 1981-02-10 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Temperature control of exothermic reactions |
| US4327234A (en) | 1980-12-05 | 1982-04-27 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Hydrogenation process using supported nickel catalyst |
| US4361705A (en) | 1981-06-29 | 1982-11-30 | Gulf Research & Development Company | Process for hydrogenating unsaturated compounds |
| US4973785A (en) | 1984-04-13 | 1990-11-27 | Uop | Molecular sieve compositions |
| US4716256A (en) | 1985-01-31 | 1987-12-29 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Hydrogenation of dienes |
| US4695560A (en) | 1985-10-01 | 1987-09-22 | Uop Inc. | Catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of diolefinic hydrocarbons |
| JPS6322036A (ja) | 1986-05-12 | 1988-01-29 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | パ−ヒドロアセナフテントランス体の選択的製造方法 |
| US4734540A (en) | 1986-12-22 | 1988-03-29 | Uop Inc. | Catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of polyunsaturated organics |
| US4920089A (en) | 1987-05-08 | 1990-04-24 | Unilever Patent Holdings B.V. | Hydrogenation catalyst |
| NL8901239A (nl) | 1989-05-18 | 1990-12-17 | Meern Bv Engelhard De | Katalysator voor hydrogenering en/of dehydrogenering. |
| US5081083A (en) | 1990-02-12 | 1992-01-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Energy | Method of treating intermetallic alloy hydrogenation/oxidation catalysts for improved impurity poisoning resistance, regeneration and increased activity |
| US5135902A (en) | 1990-05-25 | 1992-08-04 | Union Oil Company Of California | Nickel-tungsten-phosphorus catalyst |
| US5095160A (en) | 1991-06-24 | 1992-03-10 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Conversion of benzene to toluene |
| US5189233A (en) | 1991-08-23 | 1993-02-23 | Texaco Chemical Company | Process for the production of cyclohexane by liquid phase hydrogenation of benzene |
| US5451312A (en) | 1993-10-26 | 1995-09-19 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Catalyst and process for producing low-aromatics distillates |
| US5856603A (en) | 1994-08-26 | 1999-01-05 | Engelhard Corporation | Process for the production of cyclohexane |
| US5773670A (en) | 1995-03-06 | 1998-06-30 | Gildert; Gary R. | Hydrogenation of unsaturated cyclic compounds |
| US5676822A (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1997-10-14 | Texaco Inc. | Process for hydrodearomatization of hydrocarbon oils using carbon supported metal sulfide catalysts promoted by zinc |
| WO1996037168A1 (en) | 1995-05-25 | 1996-11-28 | Mount Sinai School Of Medicine Of The City University Of New York | Indwelling one-way valve prosthesis for hands-free tracheoesophageal speech |
| US5954948A (en) | 1996-05-13 | 1999-09-21 | Uop Llc | Hydrocarbon conversion process using a sulfur tolerant catalyst |
| ZA98586B (en) | 1997-02-20 | 1999-07-23 | Sasol Tech Pty Ltd | "Hydrogenation of hydrocarbons". |
| US5994257A (en) * | 1997-08-12 | 1999-11-30 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Hydrotreating catalyst composition and processes therefor and therewith |
| FR2767721B1 (fr) | 1997-08-29 | 1999-10-22 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Nouveaux catalyseurs utilisables dans les reactions de transformation de composes organiques |
| RU2139843C1 (ru) | 1998-04-15 | 1999-10-20 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Максим Инжиниринг" | Способ получения циклогексана |
| CN1076387C (zh) * | 1998-09-02 | 2001-12-19 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种不要预硫化处理的加氢精制催化剂 |
| US7081555B2 (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2006-07-25 | Shell Oil Company | Process for hydrogenation of aromatics in hydrocarbon feedstocks containing thiopheneic compounds |
-
2002
- 2002-08-07 US US10/213,996 patent/US7081555B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-06-08 UA UAA200502050A patent/UA78844C2/uk unknown
- 2003-08-05 AR AR20030102802A patent/AR040789A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-08-06 AU AU2003259697A patent/AU2003259697B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-08-06 WO PCT/US2003/024924 patent/WO2004015032A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-08-06 MX MXPA05001459 patent/MX256051B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-08-06 CA CA002494843A patent/CA2494843A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-06 RU RU2005106232/04A patent/RU2309179C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-06 JP JP2004527918A patent/JP4436757B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-06 DK DK03785080T patent/DK1546289T3/da active
- 2003-08-06 EP EP03785080A patent/EP1546289B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-06 IN IN420DE2005 patent/IN247202B/en unknown
- 2003-08-06 PT PT03785080T patent/PT1546289E/pt unknown
- 2003-08-06 CN CNB038207354A patent/CN1309807C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-06 KR KR1020057002119A patent/KR100980137B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-06 DE DE60306789T patent/DE60306789T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-06 AT AT03785080T patent/ATE332953T1/de active
- 2003-08-06 ES ES03785080T patent/ES2268460T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-06 BR BR0313313-3A patent/BR0313313A/pt not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-02-01 ZA ZA200500915A patent/ZA200500915B/en unknown
- 2005-02-03 NO NO20050602A patent/NO20050602L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2006
- 2006-04-04 US US11/397,063 patent/US7230148B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE332953T1 (de) | 2006-08-15 |
| US20060167327A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
| NO20050602L (no) | 2005-03-07 |
| EP1546289B1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
| US20040030208A1 (en) | 2004-02-12 |
| EP1546289A1 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
| RU2005106232A (ru) | 2005-08-20 |
| DE60306789T2 (de) | 2007-07-12 |
| CN1309807C (zh) | 2007-04-11 |
| MXPA05001459A (es) | 2005-06-06 |
| JP4436757B2 (ja) | 2010-03-24 |
| US7081555B2 (en) | 2006-07-25 |
| CN1678718A (zh) | 2005-10-05 |
| AU2003259697A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
| CA2494843A1 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
| AU2003259697B2 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
| IN2005DE00420A (ru) | 2008-12-05 |
| AR040789A1 (es) | 2005-04-20 |
| DK1546289T3 (da) | 2006-11-13 |
| JP2006500434A (ja) | 2006-01-05 |
| BR0313313A (pt) | 2005-06-14 |
| DE60306789D1 (de) | 2006-08-24 |
| KR100980137B1 (ko) | 2010-09-03 |
| UA78844C2 (en) | 2007-04-25 |
| KR20050056955A (ko) | 2005-06-16 |
| ES2268460T3 (es) | 2007-03-16 |
| PT1546289E (pt) | 2006-11-30 |
| US7230148B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 |
| WO2004015032A1 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
| RU2309179C2 (ru) | 2007-10-27 |
| IN247202B (ru) | 2011-04-01 |
| MX256051B (es) | 2008-04-07 |
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