WO2023282564A1 - 리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법 - Google Patents
리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023282564A1 WO2023282564A1 PCT/KR2022/009621 KR2022009621W WO2023282564A1 WO 2023282564 A1 WO2023282564 A1 WO 2023282564A1 KR 2022009621 W KR2022009621 W KR 2022009621W WO 2023282564 A1 WO2023282564 A1 WO 2023282564A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- fluoride
- waste liquid
- compound
- high value
- Prior art date
Links
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 242
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 242
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title abstract description 55
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title abstract 10
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 180
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910007857 Li-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910008447 Li—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- -1 aluminum compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012084 conversion product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 260
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 249
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 61
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910017855 NH 4 F Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- LIRDHUDRLFDYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+);trisulfite Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])=O LIRDHUDRLFDYAI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S([S-])(=O)=O DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium flouride Chemical compound F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910015475 FeF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- FZGIHSNZYGFUGM-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Fe+2] FZGIHSNZYGFUGM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Fe](F)F SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])=O GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010261 calcium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FAYYUXPSKDFLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S FAYYUXPSKDFLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- YDIQKOIXOOOXQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;trisulfite Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])=O YDIQKOIXOOOXQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- FPNCFEPWJLGURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+);sulfite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])=O FPNCFEPWJLGURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CQDMJJVHDPDPHO-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S CQDMJJVHDPDPHO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019252 potassium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 58
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 13
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018119 Li 3 PO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010199 LiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LDDQLRUQCUTJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium fluoride Chemical compound [NH4+].[F-] LDDQLRUQCUTJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXGWMCJZLNWEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium citrate tetrahydrate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].O.O.O.O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HXGWMCJZLNWEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D15/00—Lithium compounds
- C01D15/04—Halides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D3/02—Fluorides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention manufactures lithium fluoride from lithium waste liquid generated in the lithium secondary battery manufacturing process or recycling process after using the lithium secondary battery and fluoride waste liquid generated in the semiconductor manufacturing process, and reduces the amount of calcium fluoride precipitates and residual process water waste. It relates to a method for recovering high value-added resources from lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid that performs a significantly reduced resource recovery process.
- NCA and NCM series cathode materials are manufactured using lithium hydroxide. To improve the high-capacity performance of lithium secondary batteries, excessive lithium hydroxide is not used when mixing and firing with NCA and NCM precursors. use.
- the concentration of lithium ions contained in the wastewater generated after washing the cathode material shows a content of about 1,000 to 2,000 ppm (mg/L), and despite the high-quality lithium raw material, due to the absence of economic extraction technology, The situation is.
- the wastewater generated in the semiconductor industry is discharged as organic wastewater, nitrogen wastewater, hydrofluoric acid wastewater, and acid/alkali wastewater, and generally, hydrofluoric acid wastewater accounts for 60 to 70% of generated wastewater.
- lithium fluoride a raw material for lithium secondary battery electrolyte, by utilizing lithium waste liquid generated in the process of manufacturing lithium secondary batteries and recycling waste lithium secondary batteries, and fluoride waste liquid generated in the semiconductor and display industries,
- an object of the present invention is a lithium waste solution for producing lithium fluoride, a raw material for lithium secondary battery electrolyte, by utilizing lithium waste liquid generated in the process of manufacturing lithium secondary batteries and recycling waste lithium secondary batteries, and fluoride waste liquid generated in the semiconductor and display industries. It is to provide a method for recovering high value-added resources from perfluoride waste liquid.
- an object of the present invention is to recover high value-added resources from lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid, which can suppress the environmental burden by significantly reducing the amount of slaked lime used in the treatment of fluoride waste liquid and the amount of waste solids (CaF 2 ) generated after treatment. to provide a way
- an object of the present invention is a method for recovering high value-added resources from lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid, which can secure economic feasibility and significantly reduce the amount of wastewater through the introduction of high-efficiency recovery technology for unrecovered lithium ions that may occur in the lithium fluoride manufacturing process. is to provide
- the lithium waste liquid is a lithium waste liquid generated in the process of manufacturing a lithium secondary battery and recycling waste lithium secondary batteries
- the fluoride waste liquid may be a fluoride waste liquid generated in the semiconductor and display industries.
- the lithium waste liquid contains at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium sulfate, lithium phosphate, and lithium chloride,
- the shape of the lithium waste liquid may include a solution or a slurry.
- the fluoride waste liquid is sodium fluoride (NaF), ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F), potassium fluoride (KF), ferrous fluoride (FeF 2 ), ferric fluoride (FeF 3 ), aluminum fluoride ( AlF 3 ), and at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen fluoride (HF),
- the form of the fluoride waste liquid may include a solution or a slurry.
- the lithium waste liquid may have a lithium ion concentration of 200 ppm to 5000 ppm.
- the fluoride waste liquid may have a fluorine ion concentration of 500 ppm to 150,000 ppm.
- the aluminum compound may be one or more selected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride, sodium aluminate, aluminum powder, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, and alumina.
- the fluorine ion concentration contained in the process water remaining after the calcium fluoride precipitation may be 100 ppm or less.
- the remaining process water may be recovered and used for pH control of water treatment.
- the lithium concentrate may include lithium (Li) ions, sulfuric acid (SO 4 ) ions, or metal (M) ions as ionic components.
- the sulfuric acid compound is N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-oxidethyl-N-oxidethyl
- the reaction temperature during the sulfation reaction of the Li-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) and the sulfuric acid compound may be 200 °C to 1000 °C.
- the reaction time for the sulfation reaction of the Li-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) and the sulfuric acid compound may be 0.5 to 36 hours.
- the solid/liquid ratio (solid/liquid, g/L) of the conversion material and water during water leaching may be 30 g/L to 2000 g/L.
- the lithium waste liquid is a lithium waste liquid generated in the process of manufacturing a lithium secondary battery and recycling waste lithium secondary batteries
- the fluoride waste liquid may be a fluoride waste liquid generated in the semiconductor and display industries.
- the lithium waste liquid contains at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium sulfate, lithium phosphate, and lithium chloride,
- the shape of the lithium waste liquid may include a solution or a slurry.
- the fluoride waste liquid is sodium fluoride (NaF), ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F), potassium fluoride (KF), ferrous fluoride (FeF 2 ), ferric fluoride (FeF 3 ), aluminum fluoride ( AlF 3 ), and at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen fluoride (HF),
- the form of the fluoride waste liquid may include a solution or a slurry.
- the lithium waste liquid may have a lithium ion concentration of 200 ppm to 5000 ppm.
- the fluoride waste liquid may have a fluorine ion concentration of 500 ppm to 150,000 ppm.
- the fluorine ion concentration contained in the process water remaining after the calcium fluoride precipitation may be 100 ppm or less.
- the remaining process water may be recovered and used for pH control of water treatment.
- the present invention since it provides a high value-added resource recovery method for producing lithium fluoride from lithium waste liquid generated in the process of manufacturing lithium secondary batteries and recycling waste lithium secondary batteries and fluoride waste liquid generated in the semiconductor and display industries, waste disposal cost This is reduced, and the cost of recovering lithium fluoride is also reduced.
- the present invention provides a method for recovering high value-added resources from lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid that significantly reduces the amount of slaked lime used in the treatment of fluoride waste liquid and the amount of waste solids (CaF 2 ) generated after treatment, the environmental burden is significantly reduced. suppressed, and the process efficiency is also high.
- the present invention provides a method for recovering high value-added resources from lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid, which secures economic feasibility through the introduction of high-efficiency recovery technology for unrecovered lithium ions that may occur in the lithium fluoride manufacturing process and significantly reduces the amount of waste water. friendly and economical
- FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for recovering high value-added resources from lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an XRD crystal structure analysis graph of lithium fluoride prepared by reacting lithium waste liquid with fluoride waste liquid at an equivalent ratio for each concentration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an XRD crystal structure analysis graph of Li-Al LDH prepared by reacting the filtrate with an aluminum compound after preparing lithium fluoride according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an XRD crystal structure analysis graph of lithium fluoride formed after applying an MVR process to the reaction filtrate after preparing lithium fluoride according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the lithium fluoride recovery and high-efficiency lithium ion recovery method from the lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid recovers lithium fluoride from lithium waste liquid generated in the process of manufacturing lithium secondary batteries and recycling waste lithium secondary batteries and fluoride waste liquid generated in the semiconductor and display industries. Since it provides a method for recovering high value-added resources manufactured, waste disposal costs are reduced, and lithium fluoride recovery costs are also reduced.
- the method for recovering lithium fluoride and high-efficiency lithium ions from lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid is a lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid that significantly reduces the amount of slaked lime used in treating fluoride waste liquid and the amount of waste solids (CaF 2 ) generated after treatment. Since it provides a high value-added resource recovery method from the environment, the environmental burden is significantly suppressed and the process efficiency is high.
- the lithium fluoride recovery and high-efficiency lithium ion recovery method from the lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid secures economic feasibility and significantly reduces the amount of wastewater through the introduction of high-efficiency recovery technology for unrecovered lithium ions that may occur in the lithium fluoride manufacturing process. It is environmentally friendly and economical because it provides a method for recovering high value-added resources from waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid.
- the lithium waste liquid is a solution or slurry of one or more lithium compounds selected from the group consisting of LiOH, LiCl, LiBr, Li 2 CO 3 , Li 2 SO 4 , Li 3 PO 4 , and LiAl(Si 2 O 5 ) 2 You can say, but not limited to this.
- the lithium waste liquid contains at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium sulfate, lithium phosphate, and lithium chloride,
- the shape of the lithium waste liquid may include a solution or a slurry.
- the lithium waste liquid may have a lithium ion concentration of 200 ppm to 5000 ppm.
- the lithium waste liquid may have a lithium ion concentration of preferably 500 ppm to 4000 ppm, more preferably 800 ppm to 3500 ppm.
- the fluoride waste liquid is sodium fluoride (NaF), ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F), potassium fluoride (KF), ferrous fluoride (FeF 2 ), ferric fluoride (FeF 3 ), aluminum fluoride (AlF 3 ), and hydrogen fluoride. (HF) containing at least one selected from the group consisting of,
- the form of the fluoride waste liquid may include a solution or a slurry.
- the fluoride waste liquid may have a fluorine ion concentration of 500 ppm to 150,000 ppm.
- the fluoride waste liquid may preferably have a fluorine ion concentration of 800 ppm to 130,000 ppm, more preferably 1000 ppm to 120,000 ppm.
- lithium fluoride LiF
- an insoluble lithium compound by introducing a fluoride waste liquid as a precipitating agent into the lithium waste liquid and precipitating and separating the lithium waste liquid and the fluoride waste liquid to produce lithium fluoride After precipitation, lithium fluoride can be obtained by separation.
- Lithium ions of the reaction filtrate and aluminum ions of the aluminum compound react with hydroxide ions to produce Li-Al LDH (Li-Al layered double hydroxide), which is an insoluble lithium compound.
- the aluminum compound may be one or more selected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride, sodium aluminate, aluminum powder, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfate, and alumina.
- layered double hydroxides are a class of ionic solids characterized by a layered structure, generally with the layer sequence [AcB-Z-AcB]n.
- c represents a layer of metal cations
- a and B are layers of hydroxide (OH-).
- Z is a layer of other anions or neutral molecules such as water.
- the inserted anion (Z) is weakly bound and exchangeable.
- Li-Al layered double hydroxide constitutes Li-Al layered double hydroxide (Li-Al LDH) represented by the following formula 1 by combining Li + and Al 3+ cations with hydroxide ions. .
- X 6- is one or more anions, includes hydroxide ions, and represents -6 in total charge.
- y is generally 0.5 to 4.
- Li—Al layered double hydroxide With the sulfuric acid compound, the Li—Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) is sulfated and water leached to obtain a solution in which high concentrations of lithium (Li) ions, sulfuric acid (SO 4 ) ions, or metal (M) ions are dissolved. Lithium concentrate can be prepared.
- lithium concentrate as a lithium raw material in the step of (a) producing lithium fluoride (LiF), the high concentration of lithium (Li) ions, sulfuric acid (SO 4 ) ions, or metal (M)
- LiF lithium fluoride
- SO 4 sulfuric acid
- M metal
- reaction temperature during the sulfuration reaction of the Li-Al layered double hydroxide and the sulfuric acid compound may be 200 °C to 1000 °C.
- reaction temperature during the sulfuration reaction is less than 200 °C, there is a problem that the yield of the sulfuration reaction decreases, and when the reaction temperature during the sulfuration reaction exceeds 1000 °C, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost increases.
- reaction time for the sulfuration reaction of the Li-Al layered double hydroxide and the sulfuric acid compound may be 0.5 hours to 36 hours.
- the solid/liquid ratio (solid/liquid, g/L) of the conversion material and water during the water leaching may be 30 g/L to 2000 g/L.
- the fluorine ion concentration contained in the process water remaining after the calcium fluoride precipitation may be 100 ppm or less.
- the fluorine ion concentration contained in the process water remaining after the calcium fluoride precipitation may be preferably 80 ppm or less, more preferably 40 ppm.
- the remaining process water can be recovered and used for pH control of water treatment.
- FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for recovering high value-added resources from lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the first step is precipitated and separated (103 ) to produce lithium fluoride 104, which is an insoluble lithium compound.
- reaction filtrate obtained after the first step of precipitation and separation (103) is reacted with an aluminum compound, extracted and converted (105) to produce Li-Al LDH, an insoluble lithium compound,
- the insoluble lithium compound, Li-Al LDH is sulfated and water leached to prepare a lithium concentrate, which can be recycled as a lithium raw material (106).
- the reaction filtrate is reacted with a calcium compound to precipitate and separate in a second step (109) to separate the calcium fluoride precipitate and the remaining process water.
- the method for producing lithium fluoride from lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid and treating waste liquid with high efficiency is to manufacture lithium fluoride from lithium waste liquid generated in the process of manufacturing lithium secondary batteries and recycling waste lithium secondary batteries and fluoride waste liquid generated in the semiconductor and display industries. Since it provides a high value-added resource recovery and waste liquid treatment method, waste treatment costs are reduced, and lithium fluoride recovery costs are also reduced.
- the lithium fluoride production and high-efficiency waste treatment method from the lithium waste liquid and the fluoride waste liquid is a lithium waste liquid and a fluoride waste liquid that significantly reduces the amount of slaked lime used in the treatment of the fluoride waste liquid and the amount of waste solids (CaF 2 ) generated after the treatment. Since it provides a high value-added resource recovery method, the environmental burden is significantly suppressed and the process efficiency is also high.
- the lithium fluoride production and high-efficiency waste treatment method from lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid secures economic feasibility and significantly reduces the amount of wastewater through the introduction of high-efficiency recovery technology for unrecovered lithium ions and fluoride ions that may occur in the lithium fluoride manufacturing process. It is environmentally friendly and economical because it provides a method for recovering high value-added resources from lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid.
- the lithium waste liquid is a solution or slurry of one or more lithium compounds selected from the group consisting of LiOH, LiCl, LiBr, Li 2 CO 3 , Li 2 SO 4 , Li 3 PO 4 , and LiAl(Si 2 O 5 ) 2 You can say, but not limited to this.
- the lithium waste liquid contains at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium sulfate, lithium phosphate, and lithium chloride,
- the shape of the lithium waste liquid may include a solution or a slurry.
- the lithium waste liquid may have a lithium ion concentration of 200 ppm to 5000 ppm.
- the lithium waste liquid may have a lithium ion concentration of preferably 500 ppm to 4000 ppm, more preferably 800 ppm to 3500 ppm.
- the fluoride waste liquid is sodium fluoride (NaF), ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F), potassium fluoride (KF), ferrous fluoride (FeF 2 ), ferric fluoride (FeF 3 ), aluminum fluoride (AlF 3 ), and hydrogen fluoride. (HF) containing at least one selected from the group consisting of,
- the form of the fluoride waste liquid may include a solution or a slurry.
- the fluoride waste liquid may have a fluorine ion concentration of 500 ppm to 150,000 ppm.
- the fluoride waste liquid may preferably have a fluorine ion concentration of 800 ppm to 130,000 ppm, more preferably 1000 ppm to 120,000 ppm.
- lithium fluoride LiF
- an insoluble lithium compound by injecting a fluoride waste liquid as a precipitating agent into the lithium waste liquid and precipitating and separating the lithium fluoride liquid using the lithium waste liquid and the fluoride waste liquid After precipitation, lithium fluoride can be obtained by separation.
- the reaction filtrate is heated and concentrated (MVR; mechanical vapor recompression) to additionally precipitate and separate lithium fluoride (LiF), and trace amounts of lithium, fluorine, and other cations and
- MVR mechanical vapor recompression
- a concentrate containing trace amounts of lithium and fluorine and other cations and anions is separated and obtained.
- step of (b-3) reacting the concentrate containing trace amounts of lithium, fluorine, and other cations and anions with a calcium compound to separate the calcium fluoride precipitate and residual process water, the calcium compound is reacted with the concentrate Calcium fluoride is precipitated and residual process water is separated.
- the fluorine ion concentration contained in the residual process water may be 100 ppm or less.
- the fluorine ion concentration contained in the residual process water may be preferably 80 ppm or less, more preferably 40 ppm.
- the remaining process water can be recovered and used for pH control of water treatment.
- FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for recovering high value-added resources from lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- lithium fluoride waste liquid 101 generated in the semiconductor and display industries by reacting the fluoride waste liquid 101 generated in the semiconductor and display industries with the lithium waste liquid 102 generated in the process of manufacturing lithium secondary batteries and recycling waste lithium secondary batteries, one-step precipitation and separation ( 103) to produce lithium fluoride 104, which is an insoluble lithium compound.
- reaction filtrate obtained after the first step of precipitation and separation (103) is heated and concentrated (MVR, 107) to additionally precipitate and separate lithium fluoride (LiF) (108), and trace amounts of lithium, fluorine, and other cations and anions Separating the concentrated liquid containing
- the concentrate may be reacted with a calcium compound to precipitate and separate in a second step (109) to separate the calcium fluoride precipitate and the remaining process water.
- lithium solution A solution of lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, lithium sulfate, and lithium chloride with a lithium ion concentration of about 2000 ppm is reacted with a solution of ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F) as a precipitant and a Li:F ratio of 1:1 by stirring for 24 hours. Lithium fluoride having a high concentration of lithium was prepared.
- NH 4 F ammonium fluoride
- Lithium ion recovery rate (%) (1-Q / Q o ) ⁇ 100 -----> (Equation 1)
- the lithium hydroxide solution having a high initial pH under the equivalence ratio condition showed the highest lithium recovery rate.
- lithium solution A lithium hydroxide solution with a lithium ion concentration of about 1000 ppm and 2000 ppm is reacted with an ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F) solution as a precipitant at a molar ratio of 1:1 with a Li:F ratio of 1:1 for 24 hours by stirring to obtain a highly concentrated lithium solution.
- NH 4 F ammonium fluoride
- the lithium ion recovery rate was confirmed using Equation 1 above.
- Example 2 is an XRD crystal structure analysis graph of lithium fluoride prepared by reacting the lithium waste liquid according to Example 2 with the fluoride waste liquid at an equivalent ratio for each concentration.
- the crystal structure of lithium fluoride prepared in Example 2 was analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD; D/MAX 2200, Rigaku), and the same diffraction angle as that of the lithium fluoride reagent was measured.
- XRD X-ray diffraction analysis
- Li/F molar ratio 1
- Li-ion concentration initial concentration, ppm
- Li + conc. ppm
- Li + recovery %) LiOH + NH 4 F 1,094.796 451.149 58.792 2036.72 358.003 82.423
- lithium solution A lithium hydroxide solution having a lithium ion concentration of about 2000 ppm was adjusted in pH with sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid as shown in Table 3, and the precipitant ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F) solution and Li:F were stirred for 24 hours at a molar ratio of 1:2. Through the reaction, lithium fluoride in which lithium was accumulated at a high concentration was prepared.
- NH 4 F precipitant ammonium fluoride
- the lithium ion recovery rate was confirmed using Equation 1 above.
- lithium solution As shown in Table 4, a lithium hydroxide solution having a lithium ion concentration of about 1000 ppm was stirred for 24 hours at a molar ratio of 1:1 to a solution of hydrofluoric acid (HF) or ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F) as a precipitant and a Li:F ratio, respectively, as shown in Table 4. Through the reaction, lithium fluoride in which lithium was accumulated at a high concentration was prepared.
- HF hydrofluoric acid
- NH 4 F ammonium fluoride
- lithium solution A lithium hydroxide solution with a lithium ion concentration of about 2000 ppm was stirred for 24 hours at a molar ratio of 1:2 to a solution of hydrofluoric acid (HF) or ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F) as a precipitant and a Li:F ratio as shown in Table 4 below.
- HF hydrofluoric acid
- NH 4 F ammonium fluoride
- the lithium ion recovery rate was confirmed using Equation 1 above.
- lithium waste liquid Lithium waste liquid discharged from a cathode material manufacturer (company A) with a lithium ion concentration of about 2000 ppm and fluoride waste liquid discharged from a display manufacturer (company C) with a fluorine concentration of about 6 wt%, which is a fluoride waste liquid, are Li:F as shown in Table 5 below.
- a molar ratio of 1:1 was reacted with stirring for 24 hours to prepare lithium fluoride-I having a high concentration of lithium.
- lithium ion concentration of the remaining sample filtrate was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES; Optima 7300D, Perkinelmer), and the lithium ion recovery rate is shown in Table 5 below. confirmed together.
- the lithium ion recovery rate was confirmed using Equation 1 above.
- Lithium recovery rate of about 78% was analyzed after the reaction of lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid.
- Example 5 lithium fluoride produced after the reaction of lithium and fluorine was prepared at a lithium/fluorine molar ratio of 1.
- the concentration of fluorine contained in the used fluoride waste liquid (applying 24.2 mL) was about 61,110 ppm (mg/L), and the number of moles was 0.078 mol.
- Li + conc. 2,174 ppm
- reaction ratio Li/F molar ratio: about 1.
- the dilution factor was about 11.29 times, and the initial fluorine concentration was reduced from 61,110 ppm to about 5,413 ppm by simple mixing.
- the lithium concentration of the lithium waste liquid was diluted from 2,174.55 ppm to 1,981.93 ppm.
- the lithium ion recovery rate of about 78% was confirmed through the calculation of the residual lithium concentration before/after dilution and after the reaction according to the reaction mixture based on lithium.
- Example 5 it is determined that the amount of Ca-based (CaO, Ca(OH) 2 , CaCl 2 , etc.) precipitants consumed for conventional fluoride ion removal will be reduced by 77% or more by utilizing fluoride waste liquid and lithium waste liquid.
- This 1:1 molar ratio was reacted with stirring for 24 hours to prepare lithium fluoride-II having a high concentration of lithium.
- the lithium ion concentration of the remaining sample filtrate was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES; Optima 7300D, Perkinelmer), and the lithium ion concentration of the LiF reaction filtrate was It was found to be 120.7 ppm, and the fluoride ion concentration was found to be 435.5 ppm.
- ICP-AES inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy
- Lithium recovery rate of about 94% was analyzed after the reaction of lithium waste liquid and fluoride waste liquid.
- the lithium ion recovery rate was confirmed using Equation 1 above.
- the reaction filtrate obtained was prepared by sodium aluminate (NaAlO 2 ) or aluminum powder and Al:Li at a molar ratio of 3:1 for 12 hours. During the reaction through stirring, insoluble Li-Al LDH-I was prepared.
- the lithium ion concentration of the remaining sample filtrate was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES; Optima 7300D, Perkinelmer), and the lithium ion recovery rate was 99% or more. confirmed as
- the lithium ion recovery rate was confirmed using Equation 1 above.
- the crystal structure of Li-Al LDH-I prepared in Example 7 was analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD; D/MAX 2200, Rigaku), and sodium aluminate and lithium hydroxide solutions The same diffraction angle as that of Li-Al LDH prepared by reacting was measured.
- XRD X-ray diffraction analysis
- reaction filtrate having a lithium ion concentration of 120.7 ppm obtained after the preparation of lithium fluoride prepared in Example 6 was reacted with sodium aluminate (NaAlO 2 ) at a molar ratio of 2:1 of Al:Li for 12 hours by stirring to dissolve insoluble Li -Al LDH-II was prepared.
- sodium aluminate NaAlO 2
- the lithium ion concentration of the remaining sample filtrate was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES; Optima 7300D, Perkinelmer), and the Li-Al LDH-II reaction
- ICP-AES inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy
- the lithium ion recovery rate was confirmed to be about 95% or more.
- the lithium ion recovery rate was confirmed using Equation 1 above.
- Li-Al LDH-I prepared in Example 7 15 g was mixed with 30 mL of 1.15 to 4 M sulfuric acid, and then the temperature was raised to 280 ° C. for 30 minutes and maintained for 2 hours. After preparing a conversion product by sulfation reaction of roasting, lithium concentrate was prepared by water leaching the conversion product and water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g/5 mL.
- Li-Al LDH-I prepared in Example 7 was mixed with 150 mL of 1 to 3 M sulfuric acid, followed by leaching for 6 hours, followed by sulfuration reaction and acid leaching to prepare a lithium concentrate. did
- the concentration of sulfuric acid was 1 M or more and the concentration of Li ions was leached to more than 1,000 ppm.
- the concentration of sulfuric acid increased, the concentration of Al ions increased. The sulfuric acid concentration is judged to be appropriate.
- the crystal structure of the precipitate precipitated by applying the MVR method to the reaction filtrate after preparing lithium fluoride in Example 4 was analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD; D/MAX 2200, Rigaku), The same diffraction angle as reagent grade lithium fluoride (LiF) was measured.
- XRD X-ray diffraction analysis
- the composition of the precipitate obtained after separation of the filtrate and concentration by heating was analyzed, the composition was similar to that of the LiF reagent.
- Ca(OH) 2 calcium hydroxide
- concentration of ions was analyzed by ion chromatography (Ion chromatography; Metrohm, 881 Compact IC pro (Anion)).
- the Ca/F 2 molar ratio is 1.5 or more and the fluorine concentration is 500 ppm or less.
- a high-concentration fluoride solution it is determined that it is difficult to remove fluoride ions below a certain concentration even when the Ca/F 2 ratio is increased in a general CaF 2 precipitation reaction.
- Calcium fluoride was prepared by reacting the reaction filtrate after preparing lithium fluoride (LiF) and Li—Al LDH-II in Examples 6 and 8 with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ) and Ca/F 2 ratio in an equivalent ratio of 1
- the concentration of fluoride ions in the remaining process water was analyzed by chromatography (Ion chromatography; Metrohm, 881 Compact IC pro (Anion)).
- the present invention can be used for a method of recovering high value-added resources from lithium waste liquid generated in a lithium secondary battery manufacturing process or a recycling process after use of a lithium secondary battery and fluoride waste liquid generated in a semiconductor manufacturing process.
Abstract
Description
Condition (Li 용액: Li+ 2,000 ppm, 100 mL, 400RPM) |
반응물 (NH4F) 당량비 (Li/F) |
Initial pH |
반응 시간 (hour) |
Li+ conc. (ppm) |
Li+ 회수율 (%) |
LiOH sol. | 1 | 12.6 | Initial | 2036.72 | - |
24 | 358.003 | 82.423 | |||
LiCl sol. | 5.6 | Initial | 2062.082 | - | |
24 | 421.6 | 79.555 | |||
Li2SO4 sol. | 8.9 | Initial | 2195.497 | - | |
24 | 579.505 | 73.605 | |||
Li2CO3 sol. | 10.1 | Initial | 2058.755 | - | |
24 | 559.540 | 72.821 |
Condition (Li/F molar ratio = 1), 100mL, 24h, 400RPM |
리튬이온 농도 (초기농도, ppm) |
Li+ conc. (ppm) |
Li+ 회수율 (%) |
LiOH + NH4F | 1,094.796 | 451.149 | 58.792 |
2036.72 | 358.003 | 82.423 |
Condition (LiOH 용액: Li+ 2,000 ppm, 100 mL, 24h) |
반응물 (NH4F) 당량비 (Li/F) |
혼합/반응 후 pH 조절 |
Li+ conc. (ppm) |
Li+ 회수율 (%) |
pH control: H2SO4 sol. | 1 | Initial pH (12.6) | 287.786 | 86.3 |
10.9 | 405.156 | 80.946 | ||
9.1 | 434.487 | 79.566 | ||
6.9 | 509.773 | 76.026 | ||
4.8 | 602.798 | 71.651 | ||
3.1 | 937.823 | 55.895 | ||
pH control: HCl sol. | Initial pH (12.6) | 287.786 | 86.3 | |
10.7 | 363.266 | 82.916 | ||
9.2 | 384.611 | 81.912 | ||
6.9 | 411.352 | 80.654 | ||
5.1 | 456.073 | 78.551 | ||
3 | 708.044 | 66.701 |
Condition (HF vs NH4F), 100mL, 24h, 400RPM |
불화물 | Initial pH of LiOH sol. |
Final pH of mixture |
초기 리튬이온 농도(ppm) |
반응 후 리튬이온 농도(ppm) | Li+ 회수율 (%) |
LiOH sol. (Li+conc.: 2,000ppm) Li/F molar ratio = 1 |
HF | 12.6 | 4.2 | 2036.72 | 432.297 | 78.774 |
NH4F | 12.6 | 11.3 | 2036.72 | 358.003 | 82.423 | |
LiOH sol. (Li+conc. : 1,000ppm) Li/F molar ratio = 1 |
HF | 12.5 | 4.6 | 1094.796 | 493.305 | 54.941 |
NH4F | 12.5 | 11.2 | 1094.796 | 451.149 | 58,792 |
Condition (양극재 제조사 Li 액(A사)/ NH4F 폐액(C사)) |
Li/F molar ratio |
NH4F 폐액 (F- conc. 6%)(mL) |
반응시간 (hour) |
Li+ conc. (ppm) |
Li+ 회수율 (%) |
Li 폐액/NH4F 폐액 (F- conc.: approximately 6%) | 1 | 24.2 | Initial | 2174.552 | . |
24 | 436.992 | 77.9 |
Condition | 황산배소 조건 | 수침출 조건 (고/액 비) |
농도(mg/L, ppm) | |||
Li-Al LDH-I 무게 (g) | H2SO4 부피(mL) | 황산배소 전환물(g) | 물(mL) | Li | Al | |
1.15 M H2SO4 | 15 | 30 | 1 | 5 | 4,241 | N.D. |
2 M H2SO4 | 5,161 | N.D. | ||||
3 M H2SO4 | 5,047 | 435 | ||||
4 M H2SO4 | 3,876 | 3,407 |
Condition | Li-Al LDH-I 무게(g) | H2SO4 부피(mL) | 농도(mg/L, ppm) | |
Li | Al | |||
1 M H2SO4 | 10 | 150 | 1,620 | 14,000 |
2 M H2SO4 | 1,650 | 14,280 | ||
3 M H2SO4 | 1,590 | 14,443 |
Condition (HF, NH4F sol. 50mL. 24h, 400RPM) |
당량비별 (Ca/F2) |
F- conc. (ppm) |
HF sol. (F-conc. 2%, 50mL)+ Ca(OH)2 | 1 | 561.682 |
1.5 | 488.477 | |
2 | 492.470 | |
NH4F sol. (F-conc. 2%, 50mL)+Ca(OH)2 | 1 | 529.738 |
1.5 | 499.125 | |
2 | 479.160 |
Condition (HF, NH4F sol. 50mL. 24h, 400RPM) |
당량비 (Ca/F2) |
반응시간 (h) |
F conc. (ppm) |
HF sol. (F-conc. 2%, 50mL)+ Ca(OH)2 | 1 | 24 | 561.682 |
HF sol. (F-conc. 6%, 50mL)+ Ca(OH)2 | 496.463 | ||
NH4F sol. (F-conc. 2%, 50mL)+Ca(OH)2 | 529.738 | ||
NH4F sol. (F-conc. 6%, 50mL)+Ca(OH)2 | 447.216 |
Claims (16)
- (a-1) 리튬폐액에 침전제로 불화물폐액을 투입하고, 침전 및 분리하여 불용성 리튬화합물인 불화리튬(LiF)을 제조하는 단계;(a-2) 상기 불용성 리튬화합물인 불화리튬 제조 후 반응 여액을 알루미늄 화합물과 반응시켜 불용성 리튬화합물인 Li-Al 층상이중수산화물(LDH; layered double hydroxide)을 제조하는 단계;(a-3) 상기 불용성 리튬화합물인 Li-Al 층상이중수산화물(LDH; layered double hydroxide)과 황산화합물과의 황산화반응으로 전환물을 제조하는 단계;(a-4) 상기 전환물에 함유된 리튬을 수침출하여 리튬농축액을 제조하는 단계;(a-5) 상기 리튬농축액을 상기 (a) 불화리튬(LiF) 제조하는 단계에서 리튬원료로 재순환시키는 단계; 및(a-6) 상기 불용성 리튬화합물인 Li-Al 층상이중수산화물(LDH; layered double hydroxide) 제조 후 여액을 칼슘 화합물과 반응시켜 불화칼슘 석출물과 잔여 공정수로 분리하는 단계;를 포함하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- (b-1) 리튬폐액에 침전제로 불화물폐액을 투입하고, 침전 및 분리하여 불용성 리튬화합물인 불화리튬(LiF)을 제조하는 단계;(b-2) 상기 불용성 리튬화합물인 불화리튬(LiF) 제조 후 반응 여액을 가열농축(MVR; mechanical vapor recompression)하여 불화리튬(LiF)을 추가적으로 석출 및 분리하고 미량의 리튬과 불소 및 이외의 양이온 및 음이온을 함유한 농축액을 분리하는 단계; 및(b-3) 상기 미량의 리튬과 불소 및 이외의 양이온 및 음이온을 함유한 농축액을 칼슘 화합물과 반응시켜 불화칼슘 석출물과 잔여 공정수로 분리하는 단계;를 포함하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 리튬폐액은 리튬이차전지 제조 및 폐리튬이차전지의 재활용 과정에서 발생하는 리튬폐액이고,상기 불화물폐액은 반도체 및 디스플레이 산업에서 발생하는 불화물폐액인 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 리튬폐액은 수산화리튬, 탄산리튬, 황산리튬, 인산리튬, 및 염화리튬으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상을 포함하고,상기 리튬폐액의 형상은 용액 또는 슬러리를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 불화물폐액은 불화나트륨(NaF), 불화암모늄(NH4F), 불화칼륨(KF), 불화제일철(FeF2), 불화제이철(FeF3), 불화알루미늄(AlF3), 및 불화수소(HF)로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상을 포함하고,상기 불화물폐액의 형상은 용액 또는 슬러리를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 리튬폐액은 리튬 이온 농도가 200 ppm ~ 5000 ppm 인 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 불화물폐액은 불소 이온 농도가 500 ppm ~ 150,000 ppm 인 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 리튬폐액의 리튬(Li)과 상기 불화물폐액의 불소(F)의 함량 비율은 몰비로 Li:F = 1: 0.1 ~ 1: 10 인 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 알루미늄 화합물은 염화알루미늄, 알루민산나트륨, 알루미늄 분말, 수산화알루미늄, 황산알루미늄, 및 알루미나로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 불화칼슘을 석출 후 잔여 공정수에 함유된 불소 이온 농도는 100 ppm 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 잔여 공정수는 회수하여 수처리 pH 조절용으로 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 리튬농축액은 이온 성분으로 리튬(Li) 이온, 황산(SO4) 이온, 또는 금속(M) 이온을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 황산화합물은,황산(H2SO4), 아황산(H2SO3), 차아황산(H2SO2), 황산마그네슘(MgSO4), 아황산마그네슘(MgSO3), 차아황산마그네슘(MgSO2), 황산칼슘(CaSO4), 아황산칼슘(CaSO3), 차아황산칼슘(CaSO2), 황산나트륨(Na2SO4), 아황산나트륨(Na2SO3), 차아황산나트륨(Na2SO2), 황산칼륨(K2SO4), 아황산칼륨(K2SO3), 차아황산칼륨(K2SO2), 황산제일철(FeSO4), 아황산제일철(FeSO3), 차아황산제일철(FeSO2), 황산제이철(Fe2(SO4)3), 아황산제이철(Fe2(SO3)3), 차아황산제이철(Fe2(SO2)3), 황산암모늄((NH4)2SO4), 황산알루미늄(Al2(SO4)3), 아황산알루미늄(Al2(SO3)3), 및 차아황산알루미늄 (Al2(SO2)3)로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 Li-Al 층상이중수산화물(LDH; layered double hydroxide)과 황산화합물의 황산화반응시 반응온도는 200 ℃ 내지 1000 ℃ 인 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 Li-Al LDH와 황산화합물의 황산화반응시 반응시간은 0.5 시간 내지 36 시간인 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 수침출시 전환물과 물의 고상/액상 비율(고/액, g/L)은 30 g/L 내지 2000 g/L 인 것을 특징으로 하는리튬폐액과 불화물폐액으로부터 고부가가치 자원 회수방법.
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