WO2023277093A1 - 共重合体、コーティング剤及び物品 - Google Patents
共重合体、コーティング剤及び物品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023277093A1 WO2023277093A1 PCT/JP2022/026065 JP2022026065W WO2023277093A1 WO 2023277093 A1 WO2023277093 A1 WO 2023277093A1 JP 2022026065 W JP2022026065 W JP 2022026065W WO 2023277093 A1 WO2023277093 A1 WO 2023277093A1
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- Prior art keywords
- copolymer
- group
- structural unit
- coating agent
- carbon atoms
- Prior art date
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- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
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- QLBRROYTTDFLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1CCCC(CN)C1 QLBRROYTTDFLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium peroxydisulfate Substances [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAZSKTXWXKYQJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)OOS([O-])=O VAZSKTXWXKYQJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical group CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/28—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/285—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and containing a polyether chain in the alcohol moiety
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/28—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/28—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/283—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and containing one or more carboxylic moiety in the chain, e.g. acetoacetoxyethyl(meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/60—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing nitrogen in addition to the carbonamido nitrogen
- C08F220/603—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing nitrogen in addition to the carbonamido nitrogen and containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen and nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to copolymers, coating agents and articles.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a coating resin composition for use in coating automobile parts, etc., containing a (meth)acrylate having a cyclic carbonate structure, a polymer composed of a (meth)acrylate-based monomer, a curing catalyst, and a cross-linking agent. things are disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a curable resin composition containing a copolymer containing a repeating unit of a (meth)acrylic acid ester having a 5-membered ring carbonate group and a repeating unit of an alkyl (meth)acrylate. .
- an object of the present invention is to provide a coating agent capable of imparting a coating having both high hydrophilicity and high water resistance, and a copolymer suitable for the coating agent.
- the inventors investigated the structure of the copolymer contained in the coating agent composition. As a result, it was found that a copolymer having a structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure and a structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure could solve the above problems, and the present invention was completed. rice field.
- a copolymer comprising at least a structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure and a structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure.
- a copolymer according to [1] wherein the structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure is neutral in charge.
- the hydrophilic structure is at least one structure selected from the group consisting of a betaine structure, an amide structure, an alkylene oxide structure, and a lactam structure. .
- the hydrophilic structure is at least one selected from the group consisting of a positively charged quaternary nitrogen atom, a positively charged tertiary sulfur atom, and a positively charged quaternary phosphorus atom
- the betaine structure has the formula (1): [In the formula, R 1 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R 2 independently represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 3 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Y represents -SO 3 - or -COO - , * represents a bond]
- the copolymer according to [4], represented by [6] The copolymerization according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the structural unit (A) and the structural unit (B) are structural units derived from
- a coating agent comprising the copolymer according to any one of [1] to [6] and a cross-linking agent.
- a coating agent comprising at least a first agent and a second agent, wherein the first agent contains the copolymer according to any one of [1] to [6], and the second agent contains a cross-linking agent.
- An article coated with a cured film of the coating agent according to any one of [7] to [9] (excluding long medical devices and members thereof).
- R 4 is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms including an alicyclic structure having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or 6 to 6 carbon atoms represents an aromatic group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms containing 10 aromatic ring structures
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom, or a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein at least one hydrogen atom atom,
- At least one carbon atom may be substituted with -O-, -S-, -P-, Z represents -O- or -N(-H)-]
- the article according to [10] which is coated with a polymeric material crosslinked with a crosslinked structure represented by:
- a coating agent capable of providing a coating having both high hydrophilicity and high water resistance, and a copolymer suitable for the coating agent.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in viscosity of a coating agent over time
- the copolymer of the present invention is a copolymer having at least a structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure and a structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure.
- a copolymer having a combination of a structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure and a structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure the surface of an article coated with a cured product of the copolymer is coated with It is possible to impart high hydrophilicity and water resistance.
- a structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure is a structural unit derived from a monomer having a cyclic carbonate structure.
- the cyclic carbonate structure may be a cyclic carbonate group, and the number of ring members of the cyclic carbonate group portion is preferably 3-8, more preferably 4-7, even more preferably 5-6.
- Examples of such a cyclic carbonate structure include structures containing an ethylene carbonate group, a propylene carbonate group, a butylene carbonate group, and a pentylene carbonate group, which may have a substituent, preferably having a substituent. structure containing an ethylene carbonate group which may be present.
- the cyclic carbonate structure preferably has the following formula (3): [In the formula, R 5 represents a linear or branched alkylene group or alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein at least one hydrogen atom of R 5 may be substituted with a halogen atom, and at least one one carbon atom (-C-) is optionally substituted with -O-, -S-, -P-, R 6 represents a hydrogen atom, or a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein at least one hydrogen atom of R 6 may be substituted with a halogen atom.
- the copolymer of the present invention may have one type of structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure, or may have two or more types of structural units (A).
- the linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms for R 5 includes methylene group, ethylene group, n-propylene group, isopropylene group, n-butylene group, methylmethylene group, methylethylene group, A dimethylethylene group, a methylpropylene group, and the like can be mentioned.
- the linear or branched alkenylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is a group in which at least one, preferably one, of the direct carbon-carbon bonds of the above alkylene group is replaced with an unsaturated double bond. is mentioned. From the viewpoint of easily improving water resistance, R 5 is preferably a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms for R 6 includes methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group and the like.
- the linear or branched alkenyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is a group in which at least one, preferably one, of the direct carbon-carbon bonds of the above alkyl group is replaced with an unsaturated double bond. is mentioned. From the viewpoint of easily improving water resistance, R6 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom.
- the structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure is a structural unit derived from a monomer having a hydrophilic structure.
- the hydrophilic structure is not particularly limited as long as it has a hydrophilic group that easily increases the hydrophilicity of the copolymer. From the viewpoint of easily increasing the hydrophilicity of the copolymer, preferably a betaine structure, an amide structure, It is at least one structure selected from the group consisting of an alkylene oxide structure and a lactam structure.
- Structural unit (B) is preferably neutral in charge from the viewpoint of biocompatibility, protein adhesion prevention property, and cell adhesion prevention property. The fact that the structural unit (B) is neutral in charge means that the sum of the cationic charge and the anionic charge in the structural unit (B) is zero.
- the copolymer of the present invention may have one type of structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure, or may have two or more types of structural units (B).
- the structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure in the copolymer of the present invention contains at least a structural unit (B1) having a betaine structure.
- the structural unit (B) is, in addition to the structural unit (B1), an amide structure, an alkylene oxide structure, and a lactam structure from the viewpoint of improving the applicability of the coating agent and obtaining a flexible cured film.
- the amount of the structural unit (B1) having a betaine structure in the copolymer of the present invention is likely to increase the hydrophilicity and water resistance of the cured film of the present invention, as well as the swelling property of the cured film. is preferably 10 mol% or more, more preferably 20 mol% or more, still more preferably 30 mol% or more, and even more preferably 40 mol%, based on the amount of all structural units contained in the copolymer of the present invention. % or more.
- the betaine structure has a positive charge and a negative charge at non-adjacent positions in the same molecule, and no dissociable hydrogen is bonded to the positively charged atom, and the structure as a whole is neutral.
- a structure (having no charge).
- the positively charged functional group for example, any one of quaternary ammonium, tertiary sulfonium and quaternary phosphonium can be used, and as the negatively charged functional group, for example, sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid Either acid or phosphonic acid can be used.
- the betaine structure can be, for example, sulfobetaine, carboxybetaine, or phosphobetaine.
- the hydrophilic structure in the structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure is preferably a positively charged quaternary nitrogen atom or a positively charged tertiary sulfur atom from the viewpoint of easily increasing the hydrophilicity of the copolymer.
- a betaine structure having a positively charged quaternary nitrogen atom is preferable because it can act as a catalyst in a cross-linking reaction with a cross-linking agent in the coating agent containing the copolymer of the present invention.
- a betaine structure having a positively charged quaternary nitrogen atom preferably has the formula (1): [In the formula, R 1 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R 2 independently represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 3 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Y represents -SO 3 - or -COO - , * represents a bond] is represented by
- a betaine structure having a positively charged tertiary sulfur atom preferably has the formula (4): [In the formula, R 1 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 3 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Y represents -SO 3 - or -COO - , * represents a bond] is represented by
- a betaine structure having a positively charged quaternary phosphorus atom preferably has the formula (5): [In the formula, R 1 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R 2 independently represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R 3 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Y represents -SO 3 - or -COO - , * represents a bond] is represented by
- the linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in R 1 in formulas (1), (4) and (5) includes methylene group, ethylene group, n-propylene group and isopropylene group. , n-butylene group, n-pentylene group, n-hexylene group, isobutylene group, methylmethylene group, methylethylene group, dimethylethylene group, methylpropylene group, methylbutylene group, methylpentylene group and the like.
- R 1 is preferably a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. It is an alkylene group.
- Examples of linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms for R 2 in formulas (1), (4) and (5) include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, Examples include n-butyl group and isobutyl group.
- R 2 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, still more preferably a methyl group.
- the linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in R 3 in formulas (1), (4) and (5) includes methylene group, ethylene group, n-propylene group and isopropylene group. , n-butylene group, methylmethylene group, methylethylene group, dimethylethylene group, methylpropylene group and the like.
- R 3 is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably a methylene group or an ethylene group, still more preferably a methylene group.
- Y in formulas (1), (4) and (5) represents —SO 3 — or —COO — , preferably —COO — .
- monomers having a (meth)acrylamide structure include (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethyl(meth)acrylamide, N-(meth)acrylmorpholide, N-methoxymethyl(meth)acrylamide, N- Hydroxymethyl(meth)acrylamide, N-hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylamide, N,N-diethyl(meth)acrylamide, N-monomethyl(meth)acrylamide, N-monoethyl(meth)acrylamide and the like.
- the alkylene oxide structure refers to a structure in which some of the carbon atoms forming the alkyl chain are substituted with oxygen.
- monomers having an alkylene oxide structure include ethylene glycol, methoxyethylene glycol, ethoxyethylene glycol, 2-propylene glycol, 2-methoxypropylene glycol, 2-ethoxypropylene glycol, 3-propylene glycol, 3-methoxy Propylene glycol, 3-ethoxypropylene glycol, 2-butylene glycol, 3-butylene glycol, 4-butylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, methoxypolyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, methoxypolypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol and the like.
- monomers having an alkylene oxide structure include those having a (meth)acrylic group, specific examples of which include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, ethoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, etc. be done.
- a (meth)acrylic group specific examples of which include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, ethoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, etc.
- a lactam structure is a structure in which a carboxy group and an amino group are dehydrated and condensed to form a ring. Examples include ⁇ -lactam (three-membered ring), ⁇ -lactam (four-membered ring), five-membered ring), ⁇ -lactam (six-membered ring), and the like. Specific examples of monomers having a lactam structure include N-vinyl-2-caprolactam, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylpiperidone and the like.
- the copolymer of the present invention further contains other structural units in addition to one or more of the above structural units (A) and one or more of the above structural units (B).
- You may have Other structural units include structural units derived from alkoxyalkyl group-containing (meth) acrylic monomers such as 2-methoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, diacetone (meth) acrylamide, N-methylol (meth) acrylamide, hydroxyethyl (meth) ) Structural units derived from acrylamide-based monomers such as acrylamide.
- the total amount of structural units (A) and structural units (B) contained in the copolymer of the present invention is based on all structural units contained in the copolymer of the present invention from the viewpoint of water resistance and swelling properties. , preferably 20 mol % or more, more preferably 30 mol % or more, and still more preferably 50 mol % or more. Moreover, the total amount may be 100 mol % or less.
- the amount of the structural unit (A) and the structural unit (B) in the copolymer may be calculated by analyzing the structure of the copolymer by NMR or the like, or the amount of each monomer when producing the copolymer. It may be calculated from the quantity.
- the molar ratio (A/B) of the structural unit (A) to the structural unit (B) contained in the copolymer of the present invention is preferably 1/99 or more, more preferably 5/95 or more, from the viewpoint of swelling property. , more preferably 10/90 or more, preferably 99/1 or less, more preferably 50/50 or less, still more preferably 30/70 or less, and particularly preferably 25/75 or less.
- the ratio of the structural unit (A) contained in the copolymer of the present invention is preferably 3 mol, based on the amount of all structural units, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the water resistance and adhesiveness of the copolymer. % or more, more preferably 5 mol % or more. Also, the proportion of the structural unit (A) is preferably 30 mol % or less, more preferably 25 mol % or less, even more preferably 20 mol % or less, still more preferably 15 mol % or less.
- the ratio of the structural unit (B) (hydrophilic monomer) contained in the copolymer of the present invention is based on the amount of all structural units, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the water resistance and adhesion of the copolymer. , preferably 60 mol % or more, more preferably 70 mol % or more, and still more preferably 80 mol % or more. Also, the proportion of the structural unit (B) is preferably 98 mol % or less, more preferably 95 mol % or less.
- the ratio of the structural unit (B1) is From the standpoints of easily increasing the water resistance and adhesiveness of the coalescence, it is preferably 20 mol % or more, more preferably 30 mol % or more, and still more preferably 40 mol % or more, based on the amount of all structural units. Also, the ratio of the structural unit (B1) is preferably 98 mol % or less, more preferably 95 mol % or less.
- the proportion of the structural unit (B1) is based on the amount of all structural units, It is preferably 20 mol% or more, more preferably 30 mol% or more, still more preferably 40 mol% or more, preferably 98 mol% or less, more preferably 95 mol% or less, and the proportion of the structural unit (B2) is , preferably 20 mol% or more, more preferably 30 mol% or more, still more preferably 40 mol% or more, preferably 70 mol% or less, more preferably 60 mol% or less, based on the amount of all structural units be.
- the above structural units (A) and (B) and optionally other structural units are derived from monomers having polymerizable groups that are copolymerizable with each other.
- Such monomers include (meth)acrylic monomers and vinyl monomers.
- Structural units (A) and (B) are preferably structural units derived from (meth)acrylic monomers or vinyl monomers from the viewpoint of ease of production of the copolymer.
- the structural unit (A) has, for example, the following formula (6): [In the formula, R 7a is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, M a represents -NH- or -O-, P a represents a cyclic carbonate structure, preferably the above formula (3)] It may be a structural unit derived from a monomer represented by. Examples of such monomers include (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl methacrylate (GCMA) and (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl acrylate (GCA).
- GCMA (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl methacrylate
- GCA (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl acrylate
- the structural unit (B) has the following formula (7): [In the formula, R 7b is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, M b represents -NH- or -O-, P b represents a hydrophilic structure, preferably a betaine structure, an amide structure, an alkylene oxide structure, or a lactam structure] It may be a structural unit derived from a monomer represented by.
- P b in formula (7) is preferably a betaine structure, more preferably a structure represented by any one of formulas (1), (4) and (5) and more preferably a structural unit derived from a monomer having a structure represented by formula (1).
- P b in formula (7) is preferably a betaine structure, more preferably any one of formulas (1), (4) and (5).
- a structural unit ( B1 ) derived from a monomer having a structure, more preferably a structure represented by formula (1), and Pb in formula (7) is preferably an amide structure, an alkylene oxide structure, or a lactam structure. and a structural unit (B2) derived from a monomer.
- the structural unit (A) has, for example, the following formula (8): [Wherein, P a represents a cyclic carbonate structure, preferably the above formula (3)] It may be a structural unit derived from a monomer represented by. Further, the structural unit (B) may be, for example, the following formula (9): [In the formula, P b represents a hydrophilic structure, preferably a betaine structure, an amide structure, an alkylene oxide structure, or a lactam structure] It may be a structural unit derived from a monomer represented by.
- P b in formula (9) is preferably a betaine structure, more preferably a structure represented by any one of formulas (1), (4) and (5) and more preferably a structural unit derived from a monomer having a structure represented by formula (1).
- P b in formula (9) is preferably a betaine structure, more preferably any one of formulas (1), (4) and (5).
- Structural unit ( B1 ) derived from a monomer having a structure, more preferably a structure represented by formula (1), and Pb in formula (9) is preferably an amide structure, an alkylene oxide structure, or a lactam structure. and a structural unit (B2) derived from a monomer.
- the copolymer of the present invention is preferably soluble in water from the viewpoint of easily increasing the stability of the coating agent and easily increasing the adhesion to the substrate surface during coating, and is soluble in water and methanol. More preferably soluble in water, methanol and ethanol, and even more preferably soluble in water, methanol, ethanol and isopropanol.
- Whether or not the copolymer of the present invention is soluble in a solvent such as water can be determined by adding 90 parts of the solvent to 10 parts of the dried solid of the copolymer, stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes, After standing for a period of time, if a clear solution is obtained, it is judged to be soluble, and if there is undissolved residue in the solution or the solution becomes cloudy, it is judged to be insoluble.
- the copolymer of the present invention can be produced by copolymerizing a monomer having a cyclic carbonate structure and a monomer having a hydrophilic structure, which have mutually copolymerizable polymerizable groups, optionally together with other monomers. can.
- polymerization initiators include azo-based fat-soluble polymerization initiators such as azoisobutyronitrile, methyl azoisobutyrate, and azobisdimethylvaleronitrile; 2,2′-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl ) propane], 2,2′-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] dihydrochloride, 2,2′-azobis[2-methyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)propionamide] azo water-soluble polymerization initiators such as; inorganic peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate; benzophenone derivatives, phosphine oxide derivatives, benzoketone derivatives, phenylthioether derivatives, azide derivatives, diazo derivatives, disulfide derivatives, etc. and the like, but the present invention is not limited only to such examples. These polymerization initiators may be used
- the amount of the polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, it is usually preferably about 0.01 to 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the monomer component.
- Polymerization methods for producing the copolymer of the present invention include, for example, bulk polymerization method, solution polymerization method, emulsion polymerization method, suspension polymerization method, etc., but the present invention is limited only to such examples. is not.
- the solution polymerization method is preferred.
- the monomer component is polymerized by a solution polymerization method, for example, the monomer component can be polymerized by dissolving the monomer component in a solvent and adding a polymerization initiator while stirring the resulting solution.
- the polymerization method for producing the copolymer may be photopolymerization or thermal polymerization, but thermal polymerization is preferable from the viewpoint of manufacturability.
- solvents examples include water; alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; ethers such as diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran; Hydrocarbon compounds; Aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds such as n-hexane; Alicyclic hydrocarbon compounds such as cyclohexane; Acetate esters such as methyl acetate and ethyl acetate; description), etc., but the present invention is not limited only to such examples. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the solvent is usually preferably adjusted so that the concentration of the monomer component in the solution obtained by dissolving the monomer component in the solvent is about 10 to 80% by mass.
- the polymerization conditions such as the polymerization temperature and the polymerization time when polymerizing the monomer components should be appropriately adjusted depending on the type and amount of the monomer used as the monomer component, the type and amount of the polymerization initiator used, and the like. is preferred.
- the atmosphere in which the monomer components are polymerized is preferably an inert gas.
- inert gas include nitrogen gas and argon gas, but the present invention is not limited to such examples.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer of the present invention is preferably 100 or more, more preferably 500 or more, and more preferably 500 or more, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the hydrophilicity and water resistance of the coating (cured film) formed using the copolymer. It is preferably 1,000 or more, still more preferably 10,000 or more, and particularly preferably 50,000 or more, and from the viewpoint of solubility in solvents and the like and ease of coating when used as a coating material, it is preferable. is 1,000,000 or less, more preferably 500,000 or less, even more preferably 200,000 or less, even more preferably 150,000 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer of the present invention can be determined by gel permeation chromatography (hereinafter referred to as GPC).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the weight average molecular weight by GPC may be measured using, for example, trifluoroethanol as an eluent and using a column (eg, Wako Beads G-50 manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
- Polyethylene glycol may also be used as a molecular weight standard.
- the viscosity-average molecular weight of the copolymer of the present invention is preferably 100 or more, more preferably 500 or more, and still more preferably 1,500 or more, from the viewpoint of easily increasing the hydrophilicity and water resistance of the coating formed using the copolymer. 000 or more, more preferably 10,000 or more, and from the viewpoint of solubility in solvents and the like and ease of coating when used as a coating material, preferably 1000,000 or less, more preferably 500,000 200,000 or less, and more preferably 200,000 or less.
- the viscosity average molecular weight of the copolymer of the invention may be measured, for example, using the method described in the Examples.
- the present invention also provides a coating agent containing the above copolymer.
- the amount of the copolymer of the present invention contained in the coating agent of the present invention is not particularly limited. based on the total amount of the coating agent, preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and still more preferably 15% by mass or more. Moreover, the amount of the copolymer is not particularly limited, and may be 100% by mass or less, and further 90% by mass or less.
- the coating agent of the present invention may contain one type of the copolymer of the present invention, or may contain two or more types of the copolymer of the present invention.
- the coating agent of the present invention may further contain at least one cross-linking agent in addition to at least one copolymer of the present invention.
- the cross-linking agent is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound capable of cross-linking the copolymer contained in the coating agent of the present invention.
- a cross-linking agent capable of undergoing a cross-linking reaction with the cyclic carbonate structure in the copolymer is preferred.
- Examples of such cross-linking agents include polyamines, polyols, and polycarboxylic acids, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
- One type of these cross-linking agents may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the cross-linking agent is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of polyamines and polyols, more preferably polyamines.
- a polyamine is a compound having two or more amine groups. Either an aliphatic polyamine having an aliphatic structure or an aromatic polyamine having an aromatic structure may be used as the polyamine, and a cured product having excellent adhesion to the application target and yellowing resistance after curing is formed. From the viewpoint, aliphatic polyamines are preferable, and aliphatic polyamines having two or more amine groups are more preferable. In addition, the aliphatic polyamine may have an alicyclic structure.
- Suitable aliphatic polyamines include, for example, isophoronediamine, norbornenediamine, 1,3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, 4,4′-diaminocyclohexylmethane, ethylenediamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1 ,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane, 1,6-diaminohexane, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,9-diaminononane, 1,10-diaminodecane, 1,12 - polyoxyalkylenediamines such as diaminododecane, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, polyoxyethylenediamine and polyoxypropylenediamine; polyoxyalkylenetriamines such as polyoxyethylenetriamine and
- a polyol is a compound having two or more hydroxy groups.
- polyols include polyester polyols, polyether polyols, and polycarbonate polyols.
- polyester polyols include condensation polymers of polyhydric alcohols and polycarboxylic acids, ring-opening polymers, and the like.
- polyols in condensation polymers of polyhydric alcohols and polycarboxylic acids include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol, glycerin, and 1,1,1-trimethylol. propane and the like.
- polyether polyols include polymers of polyols and alkylene oxides, ring-opening polymers, and the like.
- polyols in polymers of polyhydric alcohols and alkylene oxides include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyoxypropylene glycol, glycerin, 1,1,1 -trimethylolpropane, 1,2,5-hexanetriol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, polyoxypropylenetriol, 4,4'-dihydroxyphenylpropane, 4,4'-dihydroxyphenylmethane , pentaerythritol and the like.
- alkylene oxides include propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, butylene oxide, styrene oxide and the like.
- ring-opening polymers include polytetramethylene glycol obtained by ring-opening polymerization of tetrahydrofuran or the like.
- the amount of the cross-linking agent contained in the coating agent is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of easily increasing the water resistance of the cured film of the coating agent of the present invention Based on the total amount of the coating agent, preferably 0.01 to 99.99% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 99.9% by mass, even more preferably 1 to 99% by mass, still more preferably 2 to 98% by mass % by mass.
- the amount of the cross-linking agent (curing agent) and the amount of the copolymer of the present invention contained in the coating agent of the present invention are as follows:
- the ratio of copolymer:curing agent is preferably 10:1 or less, more preferably copolymer:curing agent is 8:1 or less, and still more preferably copolymer:curing agent is 6:1 or less.
- the coating agent of the present invention may further contain at least one solvent in addition to at least one copolymer.
- solvents include water; alcoholic solvents such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; ethers such as diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran; Examples include polar solvents and the like, but the present invention is not limited to such examples.
- One type of these solvents may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the solvent is preferably water or an alcoholic solvent from the viewpoint of easily improving the handleability of the coating agent of the present invention.
- the amount of the solvent contained in the coating agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.01 to 99.99% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 99.99% by mass, based on the total amount of the coating agent of the present invention. It is 9% by mass.
- the coating agent of the present invention may be a two-agent type coating agent comprising at least a first agent and a second agent.
- the first agent may contain the copolymer of the present invention
- the second agent may contain a cross-linking agent.
- the copolymer in the first agent and the cross-linking agent in the second agent can be prevented from reacting during storage, so that a coating agent with excellent stability can be provided.
- the first agent and the second agent are preferably used 1 minute to 24 hours before using the coating agent, more preferably 1 minute to 12 hours before, more preferably 1 minute to 2 hours before Mix before and use the resulting mixture as a coating agent.
- the mixing ratio of the first agent and the second agent is preferably 10:1 to 1:10, more preferably 10:1 to 1:10, based on the mass ratio of the copolymer in the first agent and the cross-linking agent in the second agent. 5:1 to 1:5.
- the coating agent of the present invention may contain other components in addition to the above copolymer, cross-linking agent, and optional solvent.
- Other components may be appropriately selected depending on the application of the coating agent of the present invention. Examples include inorganic particles, organic particles, pigments, dyes, thickeners, surface tension agents, wettability modifiers, A property modifier, a surfactant, an antifoaming agent, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, and the like.
- the amount of other components may also be adjusted as appropriate according to the application of the coating agent of the present invention and the functions of the other components. .
- the cross-linking reaction between the copolymer contained in the coating agent of the present invention and the cross-linking agent capable of cross-linking the copolymer proceeds even at a relatively low temperature of, for example, about 80°C.
- the reaction proceeds irreversibly even in water, a film having excellent water resistance can be obtained.
- the cross-linking agent is polyamine (for example, diamine) as an example
- the chemical reaction between the copolymer contained in the coating agent of the present invention and the cross-linking agent will be described using the following equations.
- a cross-linking agent for example, polyamine
- the portion of the structural unit (A) of the copolymer reacts with the cross-linking agent, and the reaction occurs at both ends of the cross-linking agent, resulting in the copolymer represented by the wavy line.
- the main chains are crosslinked via the polyhydroxyurethane linking moieties described above.
- the structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure of the copolymer is omitted.
- the article coated with the cured film of the coating agent of the present invention obtained after cross-linking is composed of a copolymer having at least a structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure represented by the following formula: (2): -X 1 -ZR 4 -ZX 2 - (2)
- * is bonded to Z in formula (2)
- R 4 is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms including an alicyclic structure having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, or 6 to 6 carbon atoms represents an aromatic group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms containing an aromatic ring structure of 10, R 4
- At least one carbon atom (-C-) may be substituted with -O-, -S-, -P-, Z represents -O- or -N(-H)-]
- Z in formula (2) is preferably -N(-H)- from the viewpoint of easily increasing the hydrophilicity of the copolymer.
- R 6 in formula (2) the description for R 6 in formula (3) applies analogously.
- a urethane bond is formed with the ring opening of the cyclic carbonate structure of the structural unit (A) of the coating agent, for example, when the substrate surface is formed of a urethane resin, The urethane bond formed by the urethane bond and the urethane structure on the substrate surface are compatible with each other. As a result, along with the formation of the hydrophilic coating, it becomes possible to adhere the hydrophilic coating to the substrate well. In this way, hydroxyl groups and urethane bonds are generated on the surface of the base material by the reaction that progresses on the surface of the base material after the coating agent is applied to the base material. It is easy to generate, and it becomes easy to obtain high adhesion.
- the present invention provides an article coated with a cured film of a coating agent containing the above-described copolymer of the present invention (excluding long medical devices such as catheters and guidewires and members thereof), preferably the above-described high Articles coated with molecular materials are also provided.
- the method of coating an article with a cured film of the coating agent containing the copolymer of the present invention is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, applying the coating agent of the present invention to the surface of the article to be coated and heating. .
- An article coated with a cured film of the coating agent of the present invention has high hydrophilicity and high water resistance. Examples of such articles include those described below.
- the coating agent of the present invention includes, for example, optical filters, spectacle lenses, vehicle-mounted lenses, optical lenses, prisms, optical members such as beam splitters; mirrors; displays such as liquid crystal displays, plasma displays, electroluminescence displays and CRT displays; Optical components used on the screen surface of projection televisions; automobile windows, bodies, etc.; building exterior walls, window glass, etc.; aircraft fuselage, window glass, etc.; kitchens, bathrooms, toilets, etc.; ; Touch panel such as liquid crystal display device, inner wall of water pipe; Outer surface of inner wire constituting control cable, inner surface of outer casing constituting control cable; Bottom of ship, surface of marine material such as aquaculture equipment; Sensor; artificial heart, artificial Medical devices such as kidneys and artificial blood vessels (excluding elongated medical devices such as catheters and guidewires and their members, i.e., medical devices in the present invention are medical devices other than elongated medical devices and their members) ); Cosmetics used for skin care, makeup, hair care, hair styling, etc.; Cosmetic puffs,
- the method of coating an article with a cured film of a coating agent containing the copolymer of the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, the coating agent of the present invention may be applied to a substrate such as the surface of an object to be coated and heated. is mentioned.
- An article coated with a cured film of the coating agent of the present invention has high hydrophilicity and high water resistance.
- the material that constitutes the base material to be coated with the coating agent is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a metal or a polymer material (resin).
- the surface of the substrate preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of metals, polymeric materials having groups capable of forming hydrogen bonds, and polyurethanes.
- a hydrophilic curing obtained by applying and curing the above-described coating agent on a metal substrate, a substrate containing a polymer material having a group capable of forming a hydrogen bond, or a polyurethane substrate. Adhesion between the film (hydrogel layer) and the substrate can be further enhanced.
- metals constituting the metal base include iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), cobalt (Co), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), platinum (Pt ), gold (Au), silver (Ag), tin (Sn), and other elements that form metallic bonds can be used singly or in the form of alloys. More specifically, stainless alloys, nickel-titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys, platinum alloys, tungsten, silver-tin alloys, and the like can be suitably used.
- the above-mentioned "group capable of forming a hydrogen bond” may be a group containing a hydrogen atom and forming a covalent bond with an atom having higher electronegativity than the hydrogen atom.
- Examples of the above atoms that form a covalent bond with a hydrogen atom include an oxygen atom (O), a nitrogen atom (N), a sulfur atom (S), and a carbon atom (C).
- the "polymer material having a group capable of forming a hydrogen bond” for example, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), modified polyolefin resin having a group capable of forming a hydrogen bond, or the like can be used.
- a wide range of synthetic resins having urethane bonds can be used as the polyurethane base material.
- aromatic ether urethane, aromatic carbonate urethane, aromatic ester urethane, aliphatic ether urethane, aliphatic carbonate urethane, aliphatic ester urethane, polyhydroxy urethane, urea urethane having a urea bond in part etc. can be used.
- aromatic ether urethanes and polyhydroxy urethanes are preferably used due to their excellent flexibility, reactivity and adhesion.
- a cured film of a coating agent containing the copolymer of the present invention has high hydrophilicity and high water resistance. Therefore, the surface of the article coated with the cured film can maintain high hydrophilicity for a long period of time. Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cured film of the coating agent containing the copolymer of the present invention has the property of swelling with water, and the film after swelling has high lubricity. Such coatings have a very high biocompatibility in applications such as medical devices such as artificial hearts, artificial kidneys, artificial blood vessels (particularly long medical devices and medical devices that are not members thereof).
- the thickness of the cured film and the film after swelling is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the application.
- Methanol solubility Methanol solubility was evaluated in the same manner as the water solubility evaluation described above, except that methanol was used instead of water.
- Ethanol solubility was evaluated in the same manner as the above water solubility evaluation, except that ethanol was used instead of water.
- isopropanol solubility The isopropanol solubility was evaluated in the same manner as the above water solubility evaluation except that isopropanol was used instead of water.
- viscosity average molecular weight The viscosity of a 1% solution of the copolymer was determined at 25° C. using an Ubbelohde viscometer. The obtained viscosity was applied to a viscosity/molecular weight curve prepared using polyvinylpyrrolidone with a known molecular weight to determine the viscosity average molecular weight of the copolymer.
- Viscosity characteristic value, K (Viscosity characteristic value, K) Using an Ubbelohde viscometer, the viscosity (v1) of a 1% solution of the copolymer at 25°C was determined according to JIS Z 8803:2011. Similarly, the viscosity (v2) of the solvent used to dissolve the copolymer was determined. The relative viscosity value (v1/v2) of the copolymer with respect to the solvent was applied to the following Fikentscher formula to obtain the K value. A lower K value indicates a lower molecular weight, and a higher K value indicates a higher molecular weight.
- the water contact angle of the coating film was measured by contacting a 1 ⁇ L water droplet to the coating piece prepared in the coating film formation evaluation, and after 5 seconds, using “DMo-501” manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd. and image analysis software “FAMAS”. Angles were measured by the ⁇ /2 method. A smaller contact angle indicates higher hydrophilicity.
- Weight swelling rate w1 to w4 are measured in the same manner as in "water resistance 2 analysis evaluation" described above, and the weight swelling rate is calculated by the following formula.
- a higher weight swelling ratio indicates a larger mass of water that can be contained in the cured film, which indicates that the cured film easily swells and has a high gel-forming property.
- Example 1a, 1b, 8a and 8b A wire having a metal coil portion or a wire having a urethane coating layer on the surface of the metal coil portion was used as a base material for the sample used for evaluating the film strength.
- Each of the coating agents prepared in Examples 1 and 8 was coated by a dip coating method (Examples 1a, 1b, 8a and 8b).
- a coating agent was prepared by adding no cross-linking agent (HMDA) to the polymer used in Examples 1 and 8 (Comparative Examples 1c and 8c). After applying the coating agent, it was dried for 1 hour using a 120° C. hot air circulating drying oven to obtain an evaluation sample.
- HMDA no cross-linking agent
- the obtained evaluation sample is sandwiched between a urethane roller (AXFM-D25-L15-V8-N, manufactured by Misumi Co., Ltd.) and a stainless steel plate (SUS304 plate, 30 ⁇ 30 mm) under an underwater environment, and a load of 0.981 N is applied.
- the resistance value was measured when one end connected to the load cell was pulled out while the load was applied.
- the same measurement was continuously performed 50 times, and the initial resistance value of the 1st time and the resistance value of the 50th time were compared to evaluate the film strength (adhesion of the film). It can be evaluated that the smaller the resistance value, the higher the film strength and the higher the durability during sliding.
- HMDA hexamethylenediamine
- Example 2 (Copolymer 2: Synthesis of GCMA-MAMCMB-M90G)
- GCMA Synthesis of GCMA-MAMCMB-M90G
- a reactor equipped with a condenser, thermometer, nitrogen inlet tube and stirrer GCMA, MAMCMB and M90G were added to ethanol at a molar ratio of 10:40:50 and a total monomer concentration of 45% by weight. was dissolved in After removing dissolved oxygen by purging inert gas, the temperature was raised to 70°C. When the temperature reached 70° C., 0.3 parts by weight of commercially available methyl azoisobutyrate was added to initiate the polymerization reaction.
- copolymer 2 had a viscosity average molecular weight of 104,000.
- coating agent 2 Copolymer 2, hexamethylenediamine as a cross-linking agent, and ethanol as a solvent were mixed at a mass ratio of 17:3:80 to obtain coating agent 2.
- Example 3 (Copolymer 3: Synthesis of GCMA-MAMCMB) A solution of copolymer 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that M90G was not used and the molar ratio of GCMA and MAMCMB was changed to 10:90. The obtained copolymer 3 had a viscosity average molecular weight of 55,000. (Preparation of coating agent 3) Coating agent 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that copolymer 3 was used instead of copolymer 2.
- Example 4 (Copolymer 4: Synthesis of GCMA-MAMCMB-M90G) A solution of copolymer 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the molar ratio of GCMA, MAMCMB and M90G was 20:40:40. The viscosity-average molecular weight of Copolymer 4 obtained was 85,000. (Preparation of coating agent 4) A coating agent 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the copolymer 4 was used instead of the copolymer 1.
- Example 5 (Copolymer 5: Synthesis of GCMA-MAMCMB-M90G) A solution of copolymer 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the molar ratio of GCMA, MAMCMB and M90G was 10:30:60. The viscosity average molecular weight of Copolymer 5 obtained was 80,000. (Preparation of coating agent 5) Coating agent 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that copolymer 5 was used instead of copolymer 1.
- Example 6 (Copolymer 6: Synthesis of GCMA-MAMCMB-M90G) A solution of copolymer 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the molar ratio of GCMA, MAMCMB and M90G was 10:50:40. The obtained copolymer 6 had a viscosity average molecular weight of 124,000. (Preparation of coating agent 6) Coating agent 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that copolymer 6 was used instead of copolymer 1.
- Example 7 (Copolymer 7: Synthesis of GCMA-MAMCMB-M90G) A solution of copolymer 7 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the molar ratio of GCMA, MAMCMB and M90G was 10:60:30. The obtained copolymer 7 had a viscosity average molecular weight of 98,000. (Preparation of coating agent 7) A coating agent 7 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the copolymer 7 was used instead of the copolymer 1.
- Example 8 (Copolymer 8: Synthesis of GCMA-DMAAm)
- GCMA and DMAAm were dissolved in DMF at a molar ratio of 10:90 and a total monomer concentration of 30% by weight in a reactor equipped with a condenser, thermometer, nitrogen inlet tube and stirrer. . After removing dissolved oxygen by purging inert gas, the temperature was raised to 70°C. When the temperature reached 70° C., 0.15 parts by weight of commercially available methyl azoisobutyrate was added to initiate the polymerization reaction.
- copolymer 8 had a viscosity average molecular weight of 66,000.
- coating agent 8 Copolymer 8, hexamethylenediamine as a cross-linking agent, and DMF as a solvent were mixed at a mass ratio of 17:3:80 to obtain a coating agent 8.
- Copolymer b Synthesis of DAAm-MAMCMB-M90G
- a solution of copolymer b was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that M90G was used instead of HPMA and water was used as the solvent.
- the obtained copolymer b had a viscosity average molecular weight of 114,000.
- Preparation of coating agent b Copolymer b, adipic acid dihydrazide as a cross-linking agent, and water as a solvent were mixed in a mass ratio of 9:1:90 to obtain a coating agent b.
- Copolymer c Synthesis of DAAm-MAMCMB-DMAAm
- a solution of copolymer c was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that DMAAm was used instead of M90G and water was used as the solvent.
- the obtained copolymer c had a viscosity average molecular weight of 200,000.
- Coating agent c was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2, except that copolymer c was used instead of copolymer b.
- Copolymer d Synthesis of DAAm-MAMCMB-M90G
- Copolymer d was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that DAAm, MAMCMB, and M90G were dissolved in water so that the molar ratio was 10:40:50 and the total concentration of the monomers was 20%.
- a solution of The obtained copolymer d had a viscosity average molecular weight of 168,000.
- Coating agent d was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that copolymer d was used instead of copolymer b.
- Table 2 shows the monomer composition of the copolymers obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, and Tables 3 and 4 show the results of evaluating water solubility and the like.
- the sample used for the evaluation of the adhesion to the metal substrate was prepared by using a stainless steel plate material as the substrate, and using the coating agent prepared in Example 1 on the substrate to evaluate the film strength.
- a coating was formed by coating in the same manner as in the method.
- Pellethane 2360-80AE manufactured by Lubrizol
- medical polyurethane was used to form a polyurethane film by a dipping method.
- the film formed using the coating agent of Example 1 of the present invention peeling of the film was not observed on any grid (the evaluation result was 0 (no peeling)).
- the coating of the comparative example extensive peeling was observed in the tested area (the evaluation result was 4 (large peeling)).
- the film formed using the coating agent comprising the structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure and the structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure was formed using a polyol resin and an isocyanate curing agent. It was confirmed that the coating exhibited superior adhesion to metal substrates compared to the coating of the comparative example.
- a wire provided with a urethane coating layer on the surface of the metal coil portion was used as the urethane substrate, and adhesion of the coating was evaluated.
- a film formed from a copolymer comprising a structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure and a structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure was used as the urethane substrate, and adhesion of the coating was evaluated.
- a film formed from a copolymer comprising a structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure and a structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure
- a structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure was compared with a coating film formed of a copolymer having a structural unit derived from a monomer containing an epoxy group.
- the coating agent of Example 1 was used as a coating agent containing a copolymer having a structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure and a structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure. Further, as a copolymer having a structural unit derived from a monomer containing an epoxy group instead of the structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure, a copolymer having a structural unit derived from 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate glycidyl ether (4HBAGE) A coalesced copolymer consisting of 40 mol % MAMCMB, 50 mol % M90G and 10 mol % 4HBAGE was used. The evaluation of adhesion to the urethane substrate was performed by the same method as in the "Evaluation of film strength" described above.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the evaluation results of adhesion.
- the horizontal axis indicates the number of times the sample is pulled out and the resistance value is measured (number of slips), and the vertical axis indicates the measured resistance value (slip resistance value).
- a wire provided with a urethane coating layer coated with the coating agent of Example 1 (denoted as “structural unit (A)” in FIG. 1) and a wire provided with a structural unit derived from a monomer containing an epoxy group.
- Three samples were prepared for each coated guide wire coated with a polymer (denoted as “structural unit derived from epoxy group-containing monomer” in FIG. 1), and the above test was performed on each sample. As shown in FIG.
- Both copolymers contain a structural unit derived from (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl methacrylate (GCMA) as the structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure.
- GCMA (2-oxo-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl methacrylate
- Each copolymer contains 10 mol % of the structural unit (A) and 90 mol % of the structural unit (B).
- the copolymer having a structural unit derived from DMAAm as the structural unit (B) is the same as the copolymer used in the sample described above, and has a weight average molecular weight of about 40,000. be.
- a copolymer having an NVP-derived structural unit as the structural unit (B) has a weight average molecular weight of about 55,000, and a copolymer having a CMB-derived structural unit has a weight average molecular weight of about 100,000. and the copolymer having MEA-derived structural units had a weight average molecular weight of about 40,000.
- a wire with a urethane coating layer on the surface of the metal coil was used as the base material for forming the hydrophilic coating.
- each copolymer was dissolved in dimethylformamide so that the concentration was 20 wt %.
- the coating agent in which the copolymer is dissolved is mixed with a 5% ethanol solution of hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) as a cross-linking agent in a weight ratio of 5:3, fully dissolved.
- HMDA hexamethylenediamine
- Viscosity was measured when left at room temperature (26° C.) for 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, and 4 hours. Viscosity was measured using a rotational vibration viscometer (VISCOMETER VM-10A-L, manufactured by Sansho Co., Ltd.) for each coating agent left on the substrate as described above.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in viscosity over time of coating agents containing polymers with different structural units (B).
- each copolymer is distinguished by indicating the type of structural unit (B).
- the coating agent having the structural unit derived from DMAAm as the structural unit (B) showed an increase in viscosity over time, confirming that cross-linking proceeded even at room temperature.
- the hydrophilic structure of the structural unit (B) has a betaine structure with a quaternary ammonium or an amide structure with a tertiary ammonium, these quaternary ammoniums and tertiary ammoniums are used as coating agents.
- An article coated with a cured product of a coating agent containing the copolymer of the present invention which has at least a structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure and a structural unit (B) having a hydrophilic structure, exhibits good water resistance. It was confirmed that it has high hydrophilicity because it has a small contact angle with water.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 5 having other crosslinkable monomers instead of the structural unit (A) having a cyclic carbonate structure, the water resistance was insufficient, so in the measurement of the contact angle, the coating The coating piece dissolved when a 1 ⁇ L water droplet was brought into contact with the piece, and the contact angle could not be measured.
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕環状カーボネート構造を有する構造単位(A)と、親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)とを少なくとも有する、共重合体。
〔2〕前記親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)は電荷的に中性である、〔1〕に記載の共重合体。
〔3〕前記親水性構造は、ベタイン構造、アミド構造、アルキレンオキシド構造、及びラクタム構造からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の構造である、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の共重合体。
〔4〕前記親水性構造は、正電荷を有する第4級窒素原子、正電荷を有する第3級硫黄原子、及び、正電荷を有する第4級リン原子からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の原子を有するベタイン構造を含む、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載の共重合体。
〔5〕ベタイン構造は、式(1):
R1は炭素数1~6の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキレン基を表し、
R2は互いに独立に炭素数1~4の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキル基を表し、
R3は炭素数1~4の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキレン基を表し、
Yは-SO3 -又は-COO-を表し、
*は結合手を表す]
で表される、〔4〕に記載の共重合体。
〔6〕構造単位(A)及び構造単位(B)は、(メタ)アクリル系モノマー、又はビニル系モノマーに由来する構造単位である、〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の共重合体。
〔7〕〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれかに記載の共重合体と、架橋剤とを含む、コーティング剤。
〔8〕第1剤及び第2剤を少なくとも備えるコーティング剤であって、第1剤中に〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれかに記載の共重合体を含み、第2剤中に架橋剤を含む、〔7〕に記載のコーティング剤。
〔9〕架橋剤は、ポリアミン及びポリオールからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、〔7〕又は〔8〕に記載のコーティング剤。
〔10〕〔7〕~〔9〕のいずれかに記載のコーティング剤の硬化膜で被覆された物品(ただし、長尺状医療機器及びその部材を除く)。
〔11〕親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)を少なくとも有する共重合体が次の式(2):
-X1-Z-R4-Z-X2- (2)
[式中、
X1及びX2は、互いに独立に、-CH(OH)-CH(R6)-O-C(=O)-*及び/又は-CH(CH(R6)(OH))-O-C(=O)-*を表し、*は式(2)中のZと結合し、
R4は炭素数1~11の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキレン基、炭素数3~6の脂環式構造を含む炭素数3~12の脂環式炭化水素基、又は炭素数6~10の芳香環構造を含む炭素数6~20の芳香族基を表し、
R6は、水素原子、又は炭素数1~4の直鎖状あるいは分枝状のアルキル基もしくはアルケニル基を表し、ここでR6の少なくとも1つの水素原子は、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよく、少なくとも1つの炭素原子(-C-)は、-O-、-S-、-P-に置換されてもよく、
Zは-O-又は-N(-H)-を表す]
で表される架橋構造で架橋された高分子材料で被覆された、〔10〕に記載の物品。
本発明の共重合体は、環状カーボネート構造を有する構造単位(A)と、親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)とを少なくとも有する共重合体である。環状カーボネート構造を有する構造単位(A)と、親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)とを組み合わせて有する共重合体を用いることによって、該共重合体の硬化物でコーティングされた物品の表面に高い親水性と耐水性とを付与することが可能である。
環状カーボネート構造を有する構造単位(A)は、環状カーボネート構造を有するモノマーに由来する構造単位である。共重合体が、環状カーボネート構造を有する構造単位(A)を含むことによって、該共重合体の硬化物でコーティングされた基材表面の耐水性を向上させることができる。環状カーボネート構造は、環状カーボネート基であってよく、環状カーボネート基部分の環員数は、好ましくは3~8、より好ましくは4~7、さらに好ましくは5~6である。このような環状カーボネート構造としては、例えば、置換基を有していてもよい、エチレンカーボネート基、プロピレンカーボネート基、ブチレンカーボネート基、ペンチレンカーボネート基を含む構造が挙げられ、好ましくは置換基を有していてもよいエチレンカーボネート基を含む構造が挙げられる。環状カーボネート構造は、好ましくは次の式(3):
R5は、炭素数1~4の直鎖状あるいは分枝状のアルキレン基もしくはアルケニレン基を表し、ここでR5の少なくとも1つの水素原子は、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよく、少なくとも1つの炭素原子(-C-)は、-O-、-S-、-P-に置換されていてもよく、
R6は、水素原子、又は炭素数1~4の直鎖状あるいは分枝状のアルキル基もしくはアルケニル基を表し、ここでR6の少なくとも1つの水素原子は、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよく、少なくとも1つの炭素原子(-C-)は、-O-、-S-、-P-に置換されてもよい]
で表される構造であってよい。本発明の共重合体は、環状カーボネート構造を有する1種類の構造単位(A)を有していてもよいし、2種以上の構造単位(A)を有していてもよい。
親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)は、親水性構造を有するモノマーに由来する構造単位である。親水性構造としては、共重合体の親水性を高めやすい親水性基を有する構造であれば特に限定されず、共重合体の親水性を高めやすい観点からは、好ましくはベタイン構造、アミド構造、アルキレンオキシド構造、及びラクタム構造からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の構造である。構造単位(B)は、生体適合性、タンパク質付着防止性、細胞付着防止性の観点からは、電荷的に中性であることが好ましい。なお、構造単位(B)が電荷的に中性であるとは、構造単位(B)におけるカチオン電荷とアニオン電荷が合計してゼロになることを表す。
R1は炭素数1~6の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキレン基を表し、
R2は互いに独立に炭素数1~4の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキル基を表し、
R3は炭素数1~4の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキレン基を表し、
Yは-SO3 -又は-COO-を表し、
*は結合手を表す]
で表される。
R1は炭素数1~6の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキレン基を表し、
R2は炭素数1~4の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキル基を表し、
R3は炭素数1~4の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキレン基を表し、
Yは-SO3 -又は-COO-を表し、
*は結合手を表す]
で表される。
R1は炭素数1~6の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキレン基を表し、
R2は互いに独立に炭素数1~4の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキル基を表し、
R3は炭素数1~4の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキレン基を表し、
Yは-SO3 -又は-COO-を表し、
*は結合手を表す]
で表される。
本発明の共重合体は、1種類又は2種以上の上記の構造単位(A)、及び1種類又は2種以上の上記の構造単位(B)に加えて、さらに、その他の構造単位を有していてもよい。その他の構造単位としては、2-メトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート等のアルコキシアルキル基含有(メタ)アクリルモノマーに由来する構造単位、ジアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-メチロール(メタ)アクリルアミド、ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド等のアクリルアミド系モノマーに由来する構造単位等が挙げられる。
R7aは水素原子又はメチル基であり、
Maは-NH-又は-O-を表し、
Paは、環状カーボネート構造を表し、好ましくは上記の式(3)を表す]
で表されるモノマーに由来する構造単位であってよい。このようなモノマーとしては、例えば、(2-オキソ-1,3-ジオキソラン-4-イル)メチルメタクリレート(GCMA)や(2-オキソ-1,3-ジオキソラン-4-イル)メチルアクリレート(GCA)を用いることができ、(2-オキソ-1,3-ジオキソラン-4-イル)メチルメタクリレート(GCMA)が好ましい。
また、構造単位(B)は、次の式(7):
R7bは水素原子又はメチル基であり、
Mbは-NH-又は-O-を表し、
Pbは、親水性構造を表し、好ましくはベタイン構造、アミド構造、アルキレンオキシド構造、又はラクタム構造を表す]
で表されるモノマーに由来する構造単位であってよい。好ましい一態様においては、構造単位(B)は、式(7)中のPbが好ましくはベタイン構造、より好ましくは式(1)、(4)及び(5)のいずれかで表される構造、さらに好ましくは式(1)で表される構造であるモノマーに由来する構造単位である。さらに好ましい一態様においては、構造単位(B)は、式(7)中のPbが好ましくはベタイン構造、より好ましくは式(1)、(4)及び(5)のいずれかで表される構造、さらに好ましくは式(1)で表される構造であるモノマーに由来する構造単位(B1)と、式(7)中のPbが好ましくはアミド構造、アルキレンオキシド構造、又はラクタム構造であるモノマーに由来する構造単位(B2)とを含んでいてよい。
で表されるモノマーに由来する構造単位であってよい。
また、構造単位(B)は、例えば次の式(9):
で表されるモノマーに由来する構造単位であってよい。好ましい一態様においては、構造単位(B)は、式(9)中のPbが好ましくはベタイン構造、より好ましくは式(1)、(4)及び(5)のいずれかで表される構造、さらに好ましくは式(1)で表される構造であるモノマーに由来する構造単位である。さらに好ましい一態様においては、構造単位(B)は、式(9)中のPbが好ましくはベタイン構造、より好ましくは式(1)、(4)及び(5)のいずれかで表される構造、さらに好ましくは式(1)で表される構造であるモノマーに由来する構造単位(B1)と、式(9)中のPbが好ましくはアミド構造、アルキレンオキシド構造、又はラクタム構造であるモノマーに由来する構造単位(B2)とを含んでいてよい。
本発明の共重合体は、互いに共重合可能な重合性基を有する、環状カーボネート構造を有するモノマーと親水性構造を有するモノマーとを、場合により他のモノマーと共に共重合させることによって製造することができる。共重合体を製造する際には、モノマー成分の重合反応を促進する観点から、少なくとも1種の重合開始剤を用いることが好ましい。重合開始剤としては、例えば、アゾイソブチロニトリル、アゾイソ酪酸メチル、アゾビスジメチルバレロニトリル等のアゾ系脂溶性重合開始剤;2,2’-アゾビス[2-(2-イミダゾリン-2-イル)プロパン]、2,2’-アゾビス[2-(2-イミダゾリン-2-イル)プロパン]二塩酸塩、2,2’-アゾビス[2-メチル-N-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)プロピオンアミド]等のアゾ系水溶性重合開始剤;過酸化ベンゾイル、過硫酸カリウム、過硫酸アンモニウムなどの無機過酸化物;ベンゾフェノン誘導体、ホスフィンオキサイド誘導体、ベンゾケトン誘導体、フェニルチオエーテル誘導体、アジド誘導体、ジアゾ誘導体、ジスルフィド誘導体等の光重合開始剤などが挙げられるが、本発明は、かかる例示のみに限定されるものではない。これらの重合開始剤は、それぞれ単独で用いてもよく、2種類以上を併用してもよい。
本発明は、上記の共重合体を含むコーティング剤も提供する。本発明のコーティング剤に含まれる本発明の共重合体の量は、特に限定されないが、該コーティング剤から得られる膜やハイドロゲル等に高い親水性及び耐水性を付与しやすい観点から、本発明のコーティング剤の総量に基づいて、好ましくは1質量%以上、より好ましくは10質量%以上、さらに好ましくは15質量%以上である。また、該共重合体の量は特に限定されず、100質量%以下、さらには90質量%以下とすることができる。本発明のコーティング剤は、1種類の本発明の共重合体を含んでいてもよいし、2種類以上の本発明の共重合体を含んでいてもよい。
例えば、本発明の共重合体及び架橋剤の一例について、上記の化学反応式を用いて説明する。上記の化学反応式においては、共重合体の有する構造単位(A)の部分と、架橋剤とが反応し、該反応が架橋剤の両端で起こることにより、波線で表される共重合体の主鎖同士が、上記のポリヒドロキシウレタン結合部分を介して架橋される。ここで、環状カーボネート基の開環が、どちらの-C(=O)-O-結合部分で生じるかによって、上記の(i)~(iii)の架橋構造が生じ得る。なお、上記の化学式においては、共重合体が有する親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)は省略されている。また、上記の図において、架橋剤としてポリアミンに代えて、ポリオールを用いる場合には、-N(-H)-部分が-O-である架橋構造が形成される。
-X1-Z-R4-Z-X2- (2)
[式中、
X1及びX2は、互いに独立に、-CH(OH)-CH(R6)-O-C(=O)-*及び/又は-CH(CH(R6)(OH))-O-C(=O)-*を表し、*は式(2)中のZと結合し、
R4は炭素数1~11の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキレン基、炭素数3~6の脂環式構造を含む炭素数3~12の脂環式炭化水素基、又は炭素数6~10の芳香環構造を含む炭素数6~20の芳香族基を表し、R4は好ましくは炭素数1~11の直鎖状のアルキレン基を表し、より好ましくは炭素数1~6の直鎖状のアルキレン基を表し、さらに好ましくは炭素数4~6の直鎖状のアルキレン基を表し、
R6は、水素原子、又は炭素数1~4の直鎖状あるいは分枝状のアルキル基もしくはアルケニル基を表し、ここでR6の少なくとも1つの水素原子は、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよく、少なくとも1つの炭素原子(-C-)は、-O-、-S-、-P-に置換されてもよく、
Zは-O-又は-N(-H)-を表す]
で表される架橋構造で架橋された高分子材料で被覆された物品となる。式(2)中のZは、共重合体の親水性を高めやすい観点からは、好ましくは-N(-H)-である。式(2)中のR6については、式(3)中のR6に関する記載が同様に当てはまる。
本発明は、上記の本発明の共重合体を含むコーティング剤の硬化膜で被覆された物品(ただし、カテーテル、ガイドワイヤなどの長尺状医療機器及びその部材を除く)、好ましくは上記の高分子材料で被覆された物品も提供する。本発明の共重合体を含むコーティング剤の硬化膜で物品を被覆する方法は特に限定されないが、例えば上記の本発明のコーティング剤を被コーティング物の表面等に塗布し、加熱することが挙げられる。本発明のコーティング剤の硬化膜で被覆された物品は、高い親水性を有すると共に、高い耐水性を有する。このような物品としては、後述するものが挙げられる。
(水溶性)
共重合体液をテフロン(登録商標)トレイに広げた後70℃、市販の減圧乾燥機を0.1KPa以下に設定し、12時間以上乾燥し、共重合体の固形物を得た。得られた共重合体固形物10部に90部の水を加え、室温で30分間撹拌した後、24時間静置し、溶液の状態を次の基準で評価した。
〇:溶液が透明である
×:溶液中に溶け残りがある、又は溶液が白濁する
水に代えてメタノールを用いたこと以外は上記の水溶性の評価と同様にして、メタノール溶解性を評価した。
水に代えてエタノールを用いたこと以外は上記の水溶性の評価と同様にして、エタノール溶解性を評価した。
水に代えてイソプロパノールを用いたこと以外は上記の水溶性の評価と同様にして、イソプロパノール溶解性を評価した。
ウベローデの粘度計を使用して、共重合体の1%溶液の粘度を25℃で求めた。得られた粘度を分子量が既知のポリビニルピロリドンを用いて作成した粘度・分子量曲線にあてはめ、共重合体の粘度平均分子量を求めた。
ウベローデ型粘度計を使用して、JIS Z 8803:2011に準拠し、25℃における共重合体の1%溶液の粘度(v1)を求めた。同様にして、共重合体を溶解するのに使用した溶媒の粘度(v2)を求めた。共重合体の溶媒に対する相対粘度値(v1/v2)を用いて下記のFikentscherの式に適用してK値を求めた。K値が低いほど分子量が低く、K値が高いほど分子量が高いことを示す。
K=(1.5 logηrel -1)/(0.15+0.003c)+(300clogηrel +(c+1.5clogηrel)2)1/2/(0.15c+0.003c2)
ηrel : 共重合体溶液の希釈溶媒に対する相対粘度
c : 共重合体溶液中の共重合体濃度(%)
(塗膜形成性の評価方法)
コーティング剤をガラスにバーコーターで塗布した後、125℃で3時間乾燥し硬化膜(塗膜)を得た。硬化膜の外観を目視で確認し次の基準で評価した。
(評価基準)
〇:均一な膜を形成することが可能であった
△:乾燥後に膜にヒビ及び/又は白斑が生じたが膜は形成できた
×:膜が形成できなかった
(耐水性1 目視評価)
コーティング剤2.5gをテフロン(登録商標)コーティングされたトレイ(10cm×10cm)に広げた後、125℃の雰囲気下で3時間放置し、硬化物を得た。硬化物をトレイから剥ぎ取り、剥ぎ取った硬化物2部を容器に入れ、水98部を加えて室温で24時間静置した後、溶液の状態を目視で確認し次の基準で評価した
(評価基準)
〇:硬化物が残留している、あるいは膨潤した状態で残留している。
×:硬化物が溶解している。
空のアルミカップの重量(w1)を測定し、コーティング剤2.5gをアルミカップに広げた後、125℃の雰囲気下で3時間放置し、硬化物を得た。硬化物の形成されたアルミカップの重量(w2)を測定した後、水を40g加えて、室温で1時間静置した後、上澄み液のみを除去したアルミカップの重量(w3)を測定した後、100℃の雰囲気下で3時間減圧乾燥した後に重量(w4)を測定し、下記式にて溶出率を計算する。溶出率が低いほど、耐水性が高いことを示す。
(計算式)
硬化物乾燥重量=w2―w1
浸漬後乾燥重量=w4―w1
溶出率(%)=(1-(硬化物乾燥重量―浸漬後乾燥重量)/硬化物乾燥重量)×100
塗膜の水接触角は、塗膜形成評価で作成したコーティング片に1μLの水滴を接触させ、5秒後に、協和界面科学株式会社製「DMo-501」及び画像解析ソフト「FAMAS」により水接触角をθ/2法により測定した。接触角が小さいほど、親水性が高いことを示す。
上述した「耐水性2 分析評価」と同様にして、w1~w4を測定し、下記式にて重量膨潤率を計算する。重量膨潤率が大きいほど、硬化膜が含むことができる水の質量が多いことを示し、膨潤しやすく、ゲル形成性が高いことを示す。
(計算式)
硬化物乾燥重量=w2―w1
膨潤時重量=w3―w1
浸漬後乾燥重量=w4―w1
重量膨潤率(倍)=膨潤時重量/浸漬後乾燥重量
膜強度の評価に用いた試料は、金属コイル部を備えたワイヤ又は金属コイル部の表面にウレタン被覆層を備えたワイヤを基材として用い、該基材の金属コイル部を含む部位を、実施例1及び実施例8で作製したコーティング剤のそれぞれでディップコート法により被覆することにより作製した(実施例1a、1b、8a及び8b)。また、比較例として、実施例1及び実施例8で用いたポリマーに架橋剤(HMDA)を加えないコーティング剤を作製した(比較例1c及び8c)。コーティング剤を塗布した後、120℃の熱風循環式乾燥炉を用いて1時間乾燥させて、評価試料を得た。得られた評価試料を、水中環境下において、ウレタンローラ(AXFM-D25-L15-V8-N、株式会社ミスミ製)とステンレス鋼板(SUS304板、30×30mm)とで挟み、0.981Nの荷重をかけた状態で、ロードセルに接続した一端を引き抜いた際の抵抗値を測定した。同様の測定を連続して50回行い、1回目の初期抵抗値と、50回目抵抗値とを比較して、膜強度(膜の密着性)を評価した。抵抗値が小さいほど、膜強度が高く、摺動時の耐久性が高いと評価できる。
潤滑性の評価として、膜強度の評価に用いた試料と同様の試料を用いた。該試料の各々を、生理食塩水に浸漬し、その後指先でコーティング部分を挟んで擦過させた際の感触を以下の基準で比較した。評価結果を、以下の表3に示す。
(評価基準)
〇:試料を手で保持できないほど、表面の滑りが非常によい
×:硬化物が流出し、滑りが悪い
(共重合体1:GCMA-MAMCMB-M90Gの合成)
コンデンサー、温度計、チッ素導入管および撹拌器が装着された反応器内で、GCMA、MAMCMB、M90Gを、モル比が10:40:50、モノマーの総濃度が10%になるように、水:エタノール=70:30の混合溶媒に溶解させた。次いで、不活性ガスをパージすることにより溶存酸素を除去した後、50℃に昇温した。50℃になった時点で2,2’-アゾビス[2-(2-イミダゾリン-2-イル)プロパン]二塩酸塩(和光純薬製品名:VA―044)0.2部を添加し重合反応を開始させた。温度を50℃に維持したまま4時間撹拌し、その後、VA-044をさらに0.2部添加し、温度を50℃に維持したままさらに12時間撹拌することで、共重合体1の溶液を得た。得られた共重合体1の粘度平均分子量は、140,000であった。
(コーティング剤1の調製)
共重合体1と、架橋剤としてのヘキサメチレンジアミン(HMDA)と、水:エタノール=70:30の混合溶媒とを、17:3:80の質量比で混合し、コーティング剤1を得た。
(共重合体2:GCMA-MAMCMB-M90Gの合成)
コンデンサー、温度計、チッ素導入管および撹拌器が装着された反応器内で、GCMA、MAMCMB、M90Gを、モル比が10:40:50、モノマーの総濃度が45質量%になるようにエタノールに溶解させた。次いで、不活性ガスをパージすることにより溶存酸素を除去した後、70℃に昇温した。70℃になった時点で市販のアゾイソ酪酸メチルを0.3重量部添加し重合反応を開始した。温度を70℃に維持したまま4時間撹拌し、さらにアゾイソ酪酸メチルを0.2重量部添加し、温度を70℃に維持したままさらに12時間撹拌することで、共重合体2の溶液を得た。得られた共重合体2の粘度平均分子量は、104,000であった。
(コーティング剤2の調製)
共重合体2と、架橋剤としてのヘキサメチレンジアミンと、溶媒としてのエタノールとを、17:3:80の質量比で混合し、コーティング剤2を得た。
(共重合体3:GCMA-MAMCMBの合成)
M90Gを用いず、GCMAとMAMCMBとのモル比を10:90にしたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして共重合体3の溶液を得た。得られた共重合体3の粘度平均分子量は、55,000であった。
(コーティング剤3の調製)
共重合体2に代えて共重合体3を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にしてコーティング剤3を得た。
(共重合体4:GCMA-MAMCMB-M90Gの合成)
GCMA、MAMCMB、およびM90Gのモル比を20:40:40にしたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして共重合体4の溶液を得た。得られた共重合体4の粘度平均分子量は、85,000であった。
(コーティング剤4の調製)
共重合体1に代えて共重合体4を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、コーティング剤4を得た。
(共重合体5:GCMA-MAMCMB-M90Gの合成)
GCMA、MAMCMB、およびM90Gのモル比を10:30:60にしたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして共重合体5の溶液を得た。得られた共重合体5の粘度平均分子量は、80,000であった。
(コーティング剤5の調製)
共重合体1に代えて共重合体5を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、コーティング剤5を得た。
(共重合体6:GCMA-MAMCMB-M90Gの合成)
GCMA、MAMCMB、およびM90Gのモル比を10:50:40にしたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして共重合体6の溶液を得た。得られた共重合体6の粘度平均分子量は、124,000であった。
(コーティング剤6の調製)
共重合体1に代えて共重合体6を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、コーティング剤6を得た。
(共重合体7:GCMA-MAMCMB-M90Gの合成)
GCMA、MAMCMB、およびM90Gのモル比を10:60:30にしたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして共重合体7の溶液を得た。得られた共重合体7の粘度平均分子量は、98,000であった。
(コーティング剤7の調製)
共重合体1に代えて共重合体7を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、コーティング剤7を得た。
(共重合体8:GCMA-DMAAmの合成)
コンデンサー、温度計、チッ素導入管および撹拌器が装着された反応器内で、GCMAとDMAAmを、モル比が10:90、モノマーの総濃度が30質量%になるようにDMFに溶解させた。次いで、不活性ガスをパージすることにより溶存酸素を除去した後、70℃に昇温した。70℃になった時点で市販のアゾイソ酪酸メチルを0.15重量部添加し重合反応を開始した。温度を70℃に維持したまま4時間撹拌し、さらにアゾイソ酪酸メチルを0.3重量部添加し、温度を70℃に維持したままさらに12時間撹拌することで、共重合体8の溶液を得た。得られた共重合体8の粘度平均分子量は、66,000であった。
(コーティング剤8の調製)
共重合体8と、架橋剤としてのヘキサメチレンジアミンと、溶媒としてのDMFとを、17:3:80の質量比で混合し、コーティング剤8を得た。
(共重合体a:DAAm-MAMCMB-HPMAの合成)
架橋性モノマーとしてDAAmを、親水性モノマーとして、MAMCMBとHPMAとをそれぞれ用い、DAAm、MAMCMB、およびHPMAのモル比が10:40:50となるようにしたこと、水:エタノール=80:20の混合溶媒に溶解させたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、共重合体aの溶液を得た。得られた共重合体aの粘度平均分子量は、60,000であった。
(コーティング剤aの調製)
共重合体aと、架橋剤としてのアジピン酸ジヒドラジドと、水:エタノール=80:20の混合溶媒とを、9:1:90の質量比で混合し、コーティング剤aを得た。
〔比較例2〕
(共重合体b:DAAm-MAMCMB-M90Gの合成)
HPMAに代えてM90Gを用いたこと、溶媒を水に変更したこと以外は比較例1と同様にして共重合体bの溶液を得た。得られた共重合体bの粘度平均分子量は、114,000であった。
(コーティング剤bの調製)
共重合体bと、架橋剤としてのアジピン酸ジヒドラジドと、溶媒としての水とを、9:1:90の質量比で混合し、コーティング剤bを得た。
(共重合体c:DAAm-MAMCMB-DMAAmの合成)
M90Gに代えてDMAAmを用いたこと、溶媒を水に変更したこと以外は比較例2と同様にして、共重合体cの溶液を得た。得られた共重合体cの粘度平均分子量は、200,000であった。
(コーティング剤cの調製)
共重合体bに代えて共重合体cを用いたこと以外は比較例2と同様にして、コーティング剤cを得た。
(共重合体d:DAAm-MAMCMB-M90Gの合成)
DAAm、MAMCMB、M90Gを、モル比が10:40:50、モノマーの総濃度が20%になるように、水に溶解させた点以外は比較例1と同様に行うことで、共重合体dの溶液を得た。得られた共重合体dの粘度平均分子量は、168,000であった。
(コーティング剤dの調製)
共重合体bに代えて共重合体dを用いたこと以外は比較例2と同様にして、コーティング剤dを得た。
(共重合体e:DAAm-MAMCMB-M90Gの合成)
溶媒として、水に代えて水:エタノール=80:20の混合溶媒を用いたこと以外は比較例4と同様にして、共重合体eの溶液を得た。得られた共重合体eの粘度平均分子量は、266,000であった。
(コーティング剤eの調製)
共重合体dに代えて共重合体eを用いたこと以外は比較例4と同様にして、コーティング剤eを得た。
(重合体f:GCMAホモポリマーの合成)
GCMAの濃度が40質量%になるようにエタノールに溶解させたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして、重合体fの溶液を得た。得られた重合体fの粘度平均分子量は、153,000であった。
(コーティング剤fの調製)
共重合体bに代えて重合体fを用いたこと以外は比較例2と同様にして、コーティング剤fを得た。ただし、重合体fは溶媒に溶解しなかったため、各評価を行うことができなかった。
(重合体g:MAMCMBホモポリマーの合成)
MAMCMBの濃度が10質量%になるようにエタノールに溶解させたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、重合体gの溶液を得た。得られた重合体fの粘度平均分子量は、95,000であった。
(コーティング剤gの調製)
重合体fに代えて重合体gを用いたこと以外は比較例6と同様にして、コーティング剤gを得た。ただし、重合体gはその一部が溶媒に溶解しなかったため、各評価を行うことができなかった。
<金属基材に対する密着性の評価>
金属基材に対する密着性の評価に用いた試料は、ステンレス鋼製の板材を基材として用い、該基材上に、実施例1で作製したコーティング剤を膜強度の評価に用いた試料の作製方法と同様にしてコートし、被膜を形成した。なお、比較例として、医療用ポリウレタンとして公知のPellethane2360-80AE(Lubrizol社製)を用いて、ディップ法によりポリウレタン被膜を形成した。
ウレタン基材として、金属コイル部の表面にウレタン被覆層を備えるワイヤを用い、被膜の密着性の評価を行った。具体的には、環状カーボネート構造を有する構造単位(A)と親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)とを備える共重合体により形成した被膜と、環状カーボネート構造を有する構造単位(A)に代えて、エポキシ基を含有するモノマー由来の構造単位を備える共重合体により形成した被膜とについて、密着性を比較した。環状カーボネート構造を有する構造単位(A)と親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)とを備える共重合体を含むコーティング剤として、実施例1のコーティング剤を用いた。また、環状カーボネート構造を有する構造単位(A)に代えてエポキシ基を含有するモノマー由来の構造単位を備える共重合体として、4-ヒドロキシブチルアクリレートグリシジルエーテル(4HBAGE)由来の構造単位を備える共重合体である、40モル%のMAMCMB、50モル%のM90G及び10モル%の4HBAGEからなる共重合体を用いた。ウレタン基材に対する密着性の評価は、既述した「膜強度の評価」と同様の方法により行った。
親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)を変更した種々の共重合体を用いて、比較的低温の温度条件下で親水性被膜の形成を行い、構造単位(B)の触媒作用を評価した。具体的には、親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)として、N,N-ジメチルアクリルアミド(DMAAm)、N-ビニルピロリドン(NVP)、N-メタクリロイルオキシエチル-N,N-ジメチルアンモニウム-α-N-メチルカルボキシベタイン(CMB)、およびメトキシエチルアクリレート(MEA)の各々に由来する構造単位を有する共重合体を作製して評価した。いずれの共重合体も、環状カーボネート構造を有する構造単位(A)として、(2-オキソ-1,3-ジオキソラン-4-イル)メチルメタクリレート(GCMA)由来の構造単位を含有する。そして、各共重合体は、構造単位(A)を10モル%含むと共に、構造単位(B)を90モル%含む。上記した各共重合体のうち、構造単位(B)としてDMAAm由来の構造単位を有する共重合体は、既述したサンプルで用いた共重合体と同じであり、重量平均分子量は約4万である。構造単位(B)として、NVP由来の構造単位を有する共重合体は、重量平均分子量が約5.5万であり、CMB由来の構造単位を有する共重合体は、重量平均分子量が約10万であり、MEA由来の構造単位を有する共重合体は、重量平均分子量が約4万であった。
これに対し、環状カーボネート構造を有する構造単位(A)に代えて、他の架橋性モノマーを有する比較例1~5の場合、耐水性が不十分であったため、接触角の測定においては、コーティング片に1μLの水滴を接触させた時点でコーティング片が溶解し、接触角を測定することができなかった。同様に、膨潤性も、硬化物が水に溶解したため、w3≒w4=w1となり、計算ができなかった。構造単位(A)を有するのみである比較例6、構造単位(B)のみを有する比較例7の場合、コーティング剤を得ることができず、各評価を行えなかった。
Claims (11)
- 環状カーボネート構造を有する構造単位(A)と、親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)とを少なくとも有する、共重合体。
- 前記親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)は電荷的に中性である、請求項1に記載の共重合体。
- 前記親水性構造は、ベタイン構造、アミド構造、アルキレンオキシド構造、及びラクタム構造からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の構造である、請求項1に記載の共重合体。
- 前記親水性構造は、正電荷を有する第4級窒素原子、正電荷を有する第3級硫黄原子、及び、正電荷を有する第4級リン原子からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の原子を有するベタイン構造を含む、請求項1に記載の共重合体。
- 構造単位(A)及び構造単位(B)は、(メタ)アクリル系モノマー、又はビニル系モノマーに由来する構造単位である、請求項1に記載の共重合体。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の共重合体と、架橋剤とを含む、コーティング剤。
- 第1剤及び第2剤を少なくとも備えるコーティング剤であって、第1剤中に請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の共重合体を含み、第2剤中に架橋剤を含む、請求項7に記載のコーティング剤。
- 架橋剤は、ポリアミン及びポリオールからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項7に記載のコーティング剤。
- 請求項7に記載のコーティング剤の硬化膜で被覆された物品(ただし、長尺状医療機器及びその部材を除く)。
- 親水性構造を有する構造単位(B)を少なくとも有する共重合体が次の式(2):
-X1-Z-R4-Z-X2- (2)
[式中、
X1及びX2は、互いに独立に、-CH(OH)-CH(R6)-O-C(=O)-*及び/又は-CH(CH(R6)(OH))-O-C(=O)-*を表し、*は式(2)中のZと結合し、
R4は炭素数1~11の直鎖状又は分枝状のアルキレン基、炭素数3~6の脂環式構造を含む炭素数3~12の脂環式炭化水素基、又は炭素数6~10の芳香環構造を含む炭素数6~20の芳香族基を表し、
R6は、水素原子、又は炭素数1~4の直鎖状あるいは分枝状のアルキル基もしくはアルケニル基を表し、ここでR6の少なくとも1つの水素原子は、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよく、少なくとも1つの炭素原子(-C-)は、-O-、-S-、-P-に置換されてもよく、
Zは-O-又は-N(-H)-を表す]
で表される架橋構造で架橋された高分子材料で被覆された、請求項10に記載の物品。
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