WO2023221420A1 - 一种黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因的检测方法 - Google Patents

一种黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因的检测方法 Download PDF

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WO2023221420A1
WO2023221420A1 PCT/CN2022/131072 CN2022131072W WO2023221420A1 WO 2023221420 A1 WO2023221420 A1 WO 2023221420A1 CN 2022131072 W CN2022131072 W CN 2022131072W WO 2023221420 A1 WO2023221420 A1 WO 2023221420A1
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detection method
reverse primer
forward primer
aspergillus niger
sequence
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PCT/CN2022/131072
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French (fr)
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韩小敏
徐进
徐文静
江涛
李凤琴
赵柬云
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国家食品安全风险评估中心
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
    • C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
    • C12Q1/6888—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms
    • C12Q1/6895—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms for plants, fungi or algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
    • C12Q1/6844—Nucleic acid amplification reactions
    • C12Q1/686—Polymerase chain reaction [PCR]

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  • the present invention relates to the field of biotechnology, and more specifically, to a method for detecting fumonisin synthesis genes in Aspergillus niger strains.
  • Fumonisin (B type Fumonisin, FB) is a kind of structurally similar diester compound composed of different polyhydric alcohols and tricarboxylic acid.
  • FB includes FA 1 , FA 2 , FB 1 , FB 2 , and FB 3 , FB 4 , FC 1 , FC 2 , FC 3 , FC 4 and FP 1 , a total of 11 types.
  • FB is liver and kidney toxic, can cause encephalomalacia in horses, and is listed as a Category 2B carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).
  • Aspergillus niger strains are commonly used strains in the food fermentation industry. However, after the first detection of FB in the Aspergillus niger fermentation broth, the safety issues of Aspergillus niger strains once again attracted widespread attention.
  • an important method to determine whether a strain produces FB is to determine whether Aspergillus niger strains can produce FB after fermentation.
  • Commonly used technologies mainly include chromatography technology and chromatography-mass spectrometry technology.
  • chromatography technology and chromatography-mass spectrometry technology can conduct qualitative or quantitative analysis of FB contamination in food or feed, when using these two methods for detection, the sample must have already produced FB or has been contaminated by FB to a certain extent.
  • the present invention provides a method for detecting fumonisin synthesis genes in Aspergillus niger strains.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting fumonisin synthesis genes in Aspergillus niger strains.
  • the detection method includes:
  • the first forward primer and the first reverse primer are used for detection.
  • the sequence of the first forward primer is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing.
  • the sequence of the first reverse primer is as shown in SEQ ID NO:1 in the sequence listing. Shown as ID NO:2.
  • the detection method also includes: a second forward primer and a second reverse primer.
  • the sequence of the second forward primer is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 in the sequence list.
  • the second reverse primer The sequence is shown as SEQ ID NO:4 in the sequence listing.
  • the detection method includes:
  • the reverse primer, the second forward primer and the second reverse primer adopt polymerase chain reaction.
  • Amplification should be performed to obtain amplification products
  • the amplification product and the nucleic acid molecular weight reference are subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis to obtain amplified fragments;
  • the sample to be tested contains the fumonisin synthesis gene in the Aspergillus niger strain.
  • the amplification system includes: 1 to 2 ⁇ L of the total DNA, 1.0 ⁇ L of the first forward primer, 1.0 ⁇ L of the first reverse primer, 1.0 ⁇ L of the second forward primer, and 1.0 ⁇ L of the second reverse primer, 12.5 ⁇ L of 2 ⁇ high-fidelity DNA polymerase mixture, and 8.5 to 9.5 ⁇ L of ddH 2 O.
  • the amplification program includes: pre-denaturation at 95°C for 2 minutes, 30 cycles, and extension at 72°C for 5 minutes. Each cycle includes: denaturation at 95°C for 20 seconds, annealing at 58°C for 20 seconds, and extension at 72°C for 60 seconds.
  • the total DNA is extracted after culturing the sample to be tested.
  • the culture method includes: inoculating the sample to be tested on a culture medium, and culturing it statically in a constant temperature incubator at (28 ⁇ 1)°C for 5 to 7 days to obtain a culture;
  • the culture was picked and inoculated into liquid culture medium, and cultured with shaking at (28 ⁇ 1)°C for 24 to 120 hours.
  • the detection method further includes: using a spectrophotometer to determine the purity of the purified total DNA.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting fumonisin synthesis genes in Aspergillus niger strains.
  • the sdr1 gene is a key gene for FB synthesis, and the sdr1 gene is a gene unique to the fumonis cluster of Aspergillus niger strains.
  • the detection method is for Design a first forward primer and a first reverse primer for the sdr1 gene. Use the first forward primer and the first reverse primer to determine whether there is a fumonisin synthesis gene in the Aspergillus niger group strain in the sample to be tested. If If there is a fumonisin synthesis gene in the Aspergillus niger group strain, the sample to be tested has the risk of FB contamination.
  • PCR technology can be used to detect Aspergillus niger strains when they have not yet produced FB and when the level of FB production is extremely low, and can predict and early warn the risk of contamination of FB produced by Aspergillus niger strains.
  • the specific first forward primer and first reverse primer designed by the present invention can detect a variety of strains carrying the sdr1 gene in the Aspergillus niger group strains, and are not limited to Aspergillus niger; at the same time, the first primer designed for the sdr1 gene
  • the forward primer and the first reverse primer can effectively avoid the influence of Fusarium moniliforme that can also produce FB on the detection.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram of the PCR amplification results of the positive control strain, the negative control strain and the four samples to be tested provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Lane M marker
  • lane 1 sample to be tested CFSA03
  • lane 2 sample to be tested.
  • CFSA04 sample to be tested CFSA05
  • lane 4 sample to be tested CFSA06
  • lane 5 positive control strain
  • lane 6 negative control strain
  • lane 7 blank control
  • lane 8 ITS fragment.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting fumonisin synthesis genes in Aspergillus niger strains.
  • the detection method includes:
  • the sample to be tested was cultured to obtain a culture, the total DNA of the sample to be tested (culture) was extracted, and the total DNA was purified; in this example, two strains were used to determine the FB-producing strains by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Aspergillus niger samples CSFA03 and CFSA04 and two non-FB-producing Aspergillus niger samples CFSA05 and CFSA06 were tested as samples to be tested respectively. The sources of the above four Aspergillus niger samples were all stored in the microbiology laboratory of the National Food Safety Risk Assessment Center. At the same time, a positive control strain, a negative control strain and a blank control were used as controls.
  • the positive control strain was Aspergillus niger CFSA01
  • the negative control strain was Aspergillus flavus CFSA02
  • the blank control was distilled water.
  • the positive control strain and the negative control The strains are all stored in the microbiology laboratory of the National Food Safety Risk Assessment Center.
  • the sequence of the first forward primer is as shown in SEQ ID NO:1 in the sequence list.
  • the first reverse primer is as shown in SEQ ID NO:1 in the sequence list.
  • the sequence of the primer is shown as SEQ ID NO:2 in the sequence listing
  • the sequence of the second forward primer is shown as SEQ ID NO:3 in the sequence listing
  • the sequence of the second reverse primer is shown as SEQ ID NO:4 in the sequence listing. shown.
  • the ITS gene was used as the internal reference gene, and the second forward primer and the second reverse primer were used as universal primers to amplify the ITS gene sequence of the Aspergillus niger group strain.
  • the first forward primer, the first reverse primer, the second forward primer and the second reverse primer After determining the purity of the purified total DNA, use the first forward primer, the first reverse primer, the second forward primer and the second reverse primer to perform amplification using polymerase chain reaction to obtain an amplification product;
  • the sample to be tested contains the fumonisin synthesis gene in Aspergillus niger strains.
  • the amplified fragment is not at 750 bp, there is no fumonisin synthesis gene in Aspergillus niger strains in the sample to be tested.
  • the amplification system included: 1 to 2 ⁇ L of total DNA, 1.0 ⁇ L of the first forward primer, 1.0 ⁇ L of the first reverse primer, 1.0 ⁇ L of the second forward primer, 1.0 ⁇ L of the second reverse primer, 2 ⁇ high-security 12.5 ⁇ L of true DNA polymerase mixture and 8.5-9.5 ⁇ L of ddH 2 O.
  • the total volume of the amplified system is 25 ⁇ L.
  • the 2 ⁇ high-fidelity DNA polymerase mixture includes: high-fidelity DNA polymerase, Mg 2+ (20 ⁇ M), dNTPs and PCR buffer.
  • a plant genomic DNA extraction kit can be used for amplification.
  • Table 1 shows the amplification procedure
  • the culture method includes: under sterile conditions, inoculate the positive control strain, the negative control strain and the 5 strains of samples to be tested on Sabouraud agar slant medium or potato dextrose agar slant medium respectively, and inoculate them at (28 ⁇ 1 )°C in a constant temperature incubator for 5 to 7 days to obtain a culture; pick the culture and inoculate it into 5 mL of modified LB liquid culture medium, and culture it at (28 ⁇ 1)°C and 200 rpm/min with shaking for 24 to 120 hours .
  • the detection method also includes: using a spectrophotometer to determine the purity of the purified total DNA.
  • NanoDrop ND-1000 is used to measure the purity of total DNA, and the A 260 /A 280 ratio of the total DNA of the sample to be tested ranges from 1.7 to 1.9.
  • the electrophoresis separation was carried out on an agarose gel with a concentration of 1% at a voltage of 120V for 30 minutes.
  • the method of extracting the total DNA of the sample to be tested includes: placing the culture in a centrifuge tube, collecting the precipitate after high-speed centrifugation, the precipitate is the cultured mycelium, and placing the precipitate in a mortar. Liquid nitrogen was added to the mortar and the precipitate was ground to powder, and then total DNA was extracted and purified according to the steps of a commercial plant genome extraction kit (Qiagen).
  • Figure 1 shows the electrophoresis results of the positive control strain, the negative control strain, the blank control and the four samples to be tested. It can be seen from Figure 1 that the two FB-producing Aspergillus niger strains amplified the target fragment (the amplified fragment is at 750bp ), the two Aspergillus niger strains that do not produce FB did not amplify the target fragment, and all strains amplified the ITS fragment using the second forward primer and the second reverse primer, proving the amplification results of this example Believable.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting fumonisin synthesis genes in Aspergillus niger strains.
  • the sdr1 gene is a key gene for FB synthesis, and the sdr1 gene is a gene unique to the fumonis cluster of Aspergillus niger strains.
  • the detection method is for Design a first forward primer and a first reverse primer for the sdr1 gene. Use the first forward primer and the first reverse primer to determine whether there is a fumonisin synthesis gene in the Aspergillus niger group strain in the sample to be tested. If If there is a fumonisin synthesis gene in the Aspergillus niger group strain, the sample to be tested has the risk of FB contamination.
  • PCR technology can be used to detect Aspergillus niger strains when they have not yet produced FB and when the level of FB production is extremely low, and can predict and early warn the risk of contamination of FB produced by Aspergillus niger strains.
  • the specific first forward primer and first reverse primer designed by the present invention can detect a variety of strains carrying the sdr1 gene in the Aspergillus niger group strains, and are not limited to Aspergillus niger; at the same time, the first primer designed for the sdr1 gene
  • the forward primer and the first reverse primer can effectively avoid the influence of Fusarium moniliforme that can also produce FB on the detection.
  • this detection method has a short detection cycle, high sensitivity, strong specificity, fast and simple operation, and does not require long culture time and expensive equipment.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因的检测方法。所述检测方法包括：采用第一正向引物和第一反向引物进行检测，所述第一正向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:1所示，所述第一反向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:2所示，所述第二正向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:3所示，所述第二反向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:4所示。该检测方法利用PCR技术，能够在黑曲霉群菌株尚未产生FB以及产FB水平极低时进行检测，可实现对黑曲霉群菌株产FB污染风险的早期预警。

Description

一种黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因的检测方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2022年5月19日提交的名称为“一种黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因的检测方法”的中国专利申请CN 202210541517.6的优先权，上述申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域，更具体地，涉及黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因的检测方法。
背景技术
伏马菌素(B type Fumonisin，FB)是一类由不同的多氢醇和丙三羧酸组成的结构类似的双酯类化合物，FB有FA 1、FA 2、FB 1、FB 2、FB 3、FB 4、FC 1、FC 2、FC 3、FC 4和FP 1共11种。FB具有肝肾毒性，可引起马脑软化症，并被国际癌症研究机构(International Agency for Research on Cancer，IARC)列为2B类致癌物。黑曲霉群菌株是食品发酵工业常用菌种，但黑曲霉发酵液中首次检测到FB以后，黑曲霉群菌株的安全性问题再次引发广泛关注。
目前判断菌株是否产FB的重要方法是通过测定黑曲霉群菌株发酵后是否可以产生FB。常采用的技术主要有色谱技术和色谱质谱联用技术等。色谱技术和色谱质谱联用技术虽然可以对食品或饲料中FB的污染情况进行定性或定量分析，但采用这两种方法检测时，需要样本中已经产生FB或已经被FB污染到一定程度才能进行测定，但在黑曲霉菌株尚未产生FB或产FB水平极低时是无法检测到的，更是无法实现对黑曲霉菌株产FB污染风险进行预测并实现早期预警的。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因的检测方法。
本发明实施例提供了一种黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因的检测方法，所述检测方法包括：
采用第一正向引物和第一反向引物进行检测，所述第一正向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:1所示，所述第一反向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:2所示。
具体地，所述检测方法还包括：第二正向引物和第二反向引物，所述第二正向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:3所示，所述第二反向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:4所示。
具体地，所述检测方法包括：
提取待测样品的总DNA，并对所述总DNA进行纯化；
确定纯化后的所述总DNA的纯度后，利用所述第一正向引物、所述第一
反向引物、所述第二正向引物和所述第二反向引物，采用聚合酶链式反
应进行扩增，得到扩增产物；
将所述扩增产物和核酸分子量参照物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳，得到扩增片段；
若所述扩增片段在750bp处，则所述待测样品中有所述黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因。
具体地，所述扩增的体系包括：所述总DNA 1～2μL、所述第一正向引物1.0μL、所述第一反向引物1.0μL、所述第二正向引物1.0μL、所述第二反向引物1.0μL、2×高保真DNA聚合酶混合物12.5μL和ddH 2O 8.5～9.5μL。
具体地，所述扩增的程序包括：95℃预变性2min，30个循环，72℃延伸5min，每个所述循环均包括：95℃变性20s、58℃退火20s和72℃延伸60s。
具体地，将所述待测样品经过培养后提取所述总DNA。
进一步地，所述培养方法包括：将所述待测样品接种于培养基上，于(28 ±1)℃的恒温培养箱中静置培养5～7天，得到培养物；
挑取所述培养物接种于液体培养基中，于(28±1)℃震荡培养24～120h。
具体地，所述检测方法还包括：采用分光光度计确定纯化后的所述总DNA的纯度。
本发明实施例提供了一种黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因的检测方法，sdr1基因是FB合成的关键基因，且sdr1基因是黑曲霉群菌株fum簇特有的基因，该检测方法针对sdr1基因设计第一正向引物和第一反向引物，通过第一正向引物和第一反向引物来判断待测样品中是否有所述黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因，若有所述黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因，则待测样品存在FB污染风险，若没有黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因，则待测样品不存在FB污染风险，该检测方法利用PCR技术，能够在黑曲霉群菌株尚未产生FB以及产FB水平极低时进行检测，可实现对黑曲霉群菌株产FB污染风险的预测及早期预警。由于黑曲霉群菌种还包括炭黑曲霉(Aspergillus carbonarius)、温特曲霉(Aspergillus wentii Wehmer)、巴西曲霉(Aspergillus brasiliensis)等多种菌株，其均携带sdr1基因，并具有产生FB的风险，所以本发明设计的特异性第一正向引物和第一反向引物可针对黑曲霉群菌株中多种携带sdr1基因的菌株进行检测，并不局限于黑曲霉；同时，针对sdr1基因设计的第一正向引物和第一反向引物可有效避免同样能够产FB的串珠镰刀菌对检测的影响。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本发明而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本发明的技术方案，并不构成对本发明技术方案的限制。
图1是本发明实施例提供的阳性对照菌株、阴性对照菌株以及4株待测样品的PCR扩增结果图，其中，泳道M：marker，泳道1：待测样本CFSA03，泳道2：待测样本CFSA04，泳道3：待测样本CFSA05，泳道4：待测样本CFSA06，泳道5：阳性对照菌株，泳道6：阴性对照菌株，泳道7：空白对照，泳道8：ITS片段。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例
本发明实施例提供了一种黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因的检测方法，该检测方法包括：
将待测样品经过培养，得到培养物，提取待测样品(培养物)的总DNA，并对总DNA进行纯化；在本实施例中，采用2株经液相色谱串联质谱法测定可产FB的黑曲霉样本CSFA03和CFSA04和2株不产FB的黑曲霉样本CFSA05和CFSA06分别作为待测样品进行检测，上述4株黑曲霉样本的来源均为国家食品安全风险评估中心微生物室保存。同时，采用阳性对照菌株、阴性对照菌株和空白对照作为对照，在本实施例中，阳性对照菌株为黑曲霉CFSA01，阴性对照菌株为黄曲霉CFSA02，空白对照为蒸馏水，其中阳性对照菌株和阴性对照菌株均为国家食品安全风险评估中心微生物室保存。
采用第一正向引物、第一反向引物、第二正向引物和第二反向引物进行检测，第一正向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:1所示，第一反向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:2所示，第二正向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:3所示，第二反向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:4所示。
在本实施例中，以ITS基因作为内参基因，以第二正向引物和第二反向 引物作为通用引物扩增黑曲霉群菌株的ITS基因序列。
确定纯化后的总DNA的纯度后，利用第一正向引物、第一反向引物、第二正向引物和第二反向引物，采用聚合酶链式反应进行扩增，得到扩增产物；
将扩增产物和核酸分子量参照物(DL2000)共同进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳，得到扩增片段；
若扩增片段在750bp处，则待测样品中有黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因。
若扩增片段不在750bp处，则待测样品中没有黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因。
具体地，扩增的体系包括：总DNA 1～2μL、第一正向引物1.0μL、第一反向引物1.0μL、第二正向引物1.0μL、第二反向引物1.0μL、2×高保真DNA聚合酶混合物12.5μL和ddH 2O 8.5～9.5μL，扩增的体系的总体积为25μL。其中，2×高保真DNA聚合酶混合物包括：高保真DNA聚合酶、Mg 2+(20μM)、dNTPs和PCR缓冲液。在实现时，可以采用植物基因组DNA提取试剂盒(天根生化科技(北京)有限公司)进行扩增。
具体地，扩增的程序如表1所示。
表1 为扩增的程序
Figure PCTCN2022131072-appb-000001
进一步地，培养方法包括：在无菌条件下，将阳性对照菌株、阴性对照菌株以及5株待测样品分别接种于沙保琼脂斜面培养基或马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂斜面培养基上，于(28±1)℃的恒温培养箱中静置培养5～7天，得到培养物；挑取培养物接种于5mL改良的LB液体培养基中，于(28±1)℃、200rpm/min震荡培养24～120h。
具体地，检测方法还包括：采用分光光度计确定纯化后的总DNA的纯度。在本实施例中采用NanoDrop ND-1000测定总DNA的纯度，且待测样品的总DNA的A 260/A 280比值的范围为1.7～1.9。
具体地，电泳时，以电压为120V在浓度为1％的琼脂糖凝胶上电泳分离30min。
具体地，提取待测样品的总DNA的方法包括：将培养物分别置于离心管中，经过高速离心后收集沉淀物，沉淀物为培养后的菌丝体，将沉淀物置于研钵中。将向研钵中加入液氮并研磨沉淀物至粉末状，然后按商品化的植物基因组提取试剂盒(Qiagen)的步骤提取并纯化总DNA。
检测结果
图1为阳性对照菌株、阴性对照菌株、空白对照以及4株待测样品的电泳结果图，由图1可知，2株产FB的黑曲霉群菌株均扩增出目的片段(扩增片段在750bp处)，2株不产FB的黑曲霉群菌株均未扩增出目的片段，且所有菌株用第二正向引物和第二反向引物均扩增到ITS片段，证明本实施例扩增结果可信。
本发明实施例提供了一种黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因的检测方法，sdr1基因是FB合成的关键基因，且sdr1基因是黑曲霉群菌株fum簇特有的基因，该检测方法针对sdr1基因设计第一正向引物和第一反向引物，通过第一正向引物和第一反向引物来判断待测样品中是否有所述黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因，若有所述黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因，则待测样品存在FB污染风险，若没有黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因，则待测样品不存在FB污染风险，该检测方法利用PCR技术，能够在黑曲霉群菌株尚未产生FB以及产FB水平极低时进行检测，可实现对黑曲霉群菌株产FB污染风险的预测及早期预警。由于黑曲霉群菌种还包括炭黑曲霉(Aspergillus carbonarius)、温特曲霉(Aspergillus wentii Wehmer)、巴西曲霉(Aspergillus brasiliensis)等多种菌株，其均携带sdr1基因，并具有产生FB的风险，所以本发明设计的特异性第一正向引物和第一反向引物可针对黑曲霉群菌株中多 种携带sdr1基因的菌株进行检测，并不局限于黑曲霉；同时，针对sdr1基因设计的第一正向引物和第一反向引物可有效避免同样能够产FB的串珠镰刀菌对检测的影响。此外，该检测方法检测周期短、灵敏度高、特异性强、操作快速、简便，无需较长的培养时间和昂贵的仪器设备。
虽然本发明所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本发明而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本发明。任何本发明所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本发明所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本发明的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。
Figure PCTCN2022131072-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022131072-appb-000003

Claims (8)

  1. 一种黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因的检测方法，其特征在于，所述检测方法包括：
    采用第一正向引物和第一反向引物进行检测，所述第一正向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:1所示，所述第一反向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:2所示。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的检测方法，其特征在于，所述检测方法还包括：第二正向引物和第二反向引物，所述第二正向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:3所示，所述第二反向引物的序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO:4所示。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的检测方法，其特征在于，所述检测方法包括：
    提取待测样品的总DNA，并对所述总DNA进行纯化；
    确定纯化后的所述总DNA的纯度后，利用所述第一正向引物、所述第一反向引物、所述第二正向引物和所述第二反向引物，采用聚合酶链式反应进行扩增，得到扩增产物；
    将所述扩增产物和核酸分子量参照物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳，得到扩增片段；
    若所述扩增片段在750bp处，则所述待测样品中有所述黑曲霉群菌株中伏马菌素合成基因。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的检测方法，其特征在于，所述扩增的体系包括：所述总DNA1～2μL、所述第一正向引物1.0μL、所述第一反向引物1.0μL、所述第二正向引物1.0μL、所述第二反向引物1.0μL、2×高保真DNA聚合酶混合物12.5μL和ddH 2O 8.5～9.5μL。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的检测方法，其特征在于，所述扩增的程序包括：95℃预变性2min，30个循环，72℃延伸5min，每个所述循环均包括：95℃变性20s、58℃退火20s和72℃延伸60s。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的检测方法，其特征在于，将所述待测样品经过培养后提取所述总DNA。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的检测方法，其特征在于，所述培养方法包括：将所述待测样品接种于培养基上，于(28±1)℃的恒温培养箱中静置培养5～7天，得到培养物；
    挑取所述培养物接种于液体培养基中，于(28±1)℃震荡培养24～120h。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的检测方法，其特征在于，所述检测方法还包括：采用分光光度计确定纯化后的所述总DNA的纯度。
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