WO2023179463A1 - 阳离子脂质化合物及其制备方法和应用、以及mRNA递送系统 - Google Patents

阳离子脂质化合物及其制备方法和应用、以及mRNA递送系统 Download PDF

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WO2023179463A1
WO2023179463A1 PCT/CN2023/082056 CN2023082056W WO2023179463A1 WO 2023179463 A1 WO2023179463 A1 WO 2023179463A1 CN 2023082056 W CN2023082056 W CN 2023082056W WO 2023179463 A1 WO2023179463 A1 WO 2023179463A1
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compound
cationic lipid
reaction
preparation
lipid compound
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French (fr)
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赵钊
苏焘
李红燕
李三朋
郭凤娟
何华美
万季
潘有东
王弈
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深圳新合睿恩生物医疗科技有限公司
深圳市新合生物医疗科技有限公司
北京新合睿恩生物医疗科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023179463A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023179463A1/zh

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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical biotechnology, and in particular to a cationic lipid compound, its preparation method and application, and an mRNA delivery system.
  • mRNA messenger ribonucleic acid
  • RNA polymerase RNA polymerase
  • A, U, G, C ribonucleoside triphosphates
  • mRNA can carry and transmit genetic information stored in DNA in the cell nucleus, and plays a key role in the conversion of genetic information into functional proteins.
  • immature mRNA is processed and modified into mature mRNA through steps such as capping, tailing, and intron splicing.
  • Mature mRNA can accurately guide the protein synthesis process in the cytoplasm. Relatively speaking, because mRNA has a much smaller molecular weight than DNA, it is easy to transfect and does not have the risk of cancer caused by integrating into host DNA and causing insertional mutations. Therefore, using mRNA as preventive and therapeutic drugs has huge advantages and potential in the prevention and treatment of various diseases.
  • mRNA nucleic acid drugs use molecular biology methods to introduce the target functional gene or the functional subunit of the target gene into the patient's body in the form of messenger ribonucleic acid. Delivery, late inclusion body escape, intracellular translation and post-translational processing modification, expression of proteins with specific functions for prevention (functional proteins or subunits activate the host immune system to produce corresponding humoral immunity or cellular immune response) or treatment A prevention and treatment strategy for diseases (the expressed proteins or subunits have the function of treating diseases or regulating the expression of other genes).
  • mRNA nucleic acid drugs can achieve effects that cannot be replaced by traditional drugs.
  • monoclonal antibody drugs can only act on the cell surface, while mRNA nucleic acid drugs can not only act on proteins outside the cell membrane, but also on intracellular proteins, and can even Acts within the cell nucleus and has precise targeting.
  • mRNA nucleic acid drugs can be very advantageous for this single gene disease.
  • DMD hemophilia and Duchenne muscular dystrophy
  • SCID severe immunodeficiency syndrome
  • RNA nucleic acid drugs have huge advantages and potential in regulating gene expression and preventing and treating malignant diseases.
  • many difficulties are faced in the development, preparation and subsequent systemic administration of such drugs.
  • mRNA exists in the form of a single strand, making it extremely unstable in vitro and under physiological conditions. It is not only easily degraded by RNA nuclease (RNAase) in the air or blood, but also easily degraded by tissues such as the liver and spleen.
  • RNAase RNA nuclease
  • mRNA nucleic acid drugs are also prone to off-target effects. Important challenges faced during drug preparation and administration. Therefore, the development of intracellular delivery systems for mRNA nucleic acid drugs is the key to their large-scale clinical application.
  • cationic lipids are an important component of the mRNA delivery system (LNP), so there is an urgent need to develop cationic lipids with high delivery efficiency and good biological safety.
  • the present invention provides a cationic lipid compound, its preparation method and application, and an mRNA delivery system.
  • the main purpose is to develop a cationic lipid compound with high delivery efficiency and good biological safety.
  • the present invention mainly provides the following technical solutions:
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a cationic lipid compound, wherein the structure of the cationic lipid compound is represented by the following formula (I):
  • R 1 is a chain structure containing a tertiary amine
  • R 2 is a chain fatty acyl group
  • R 3 is a branched chain fatty acyl group.
  • the R 1 is any one of the following groups:
  • the R 2 is any one of the following groups:
  • the R 3 is any one of the following groups:
  • the cationic lipid compound is any one of the following compounds:
  • embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for preparing the cationic lipid compound described in any one of the above, wherein the preparation equation of the cationic lipid compound is as follows:
  • R 4 is a tertiary amine compound; wherein, when the cationic lipid compound is compound 1, compound 4 or compound 5, the R 4 is When the cationic lipid compound is compound 2, the R 4 is When the compound is compound 3, the R 4 is
  • R 4 is added thereto to carry out the reaction; after the reaction is completed, post-treatment is performed to obtain a cationic lipid compound.
  • the cationic lipid compound is compound 1, compound 2, or compound 3:
  • N,N-diisopropylethylamine is added to the anhydrous tetrahydrofuran solution of compound 1-5 under inert gas protection.
  • acid chloride is added dropwise thereto, and then at 70- React at a temperature of 75°C; after the reaction is completed, post-processing is performed to obtain an oily substance as compound 1-6.
  • the cationic lipid compound is compound 4:
  • compound 4-10 is added to the reaction vessel, and compound 4-10 is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, then compound acid chloride is added thereto at room temperature, stirred at room temperature until clear, and then N, N is added thereto at room temperature.
  • -Diisopropylethylamine stir at room temperature, cover the lid, and react at a temperature of 70-75°C. After the reaction is completed, perform post-processing to obtain yellow liquid compound 4-11.
  • the cationic lipid compound is compound 5:
  • compound 5-7 is added to the reaction vessel, and compound 5-7 is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran, then acid chloride is added thereto at room temperature, stirred at room temperature until clear, and then added thereto again at room temperature.
  • Triethylamine stir at room temperature, cover the lid, and perform a stirring reaction at a temperature of 70-75°C. After the reaction is completed, perform post-processing to obtain a yellow liquid compound 5-8.
  • embodiments of the present invention also provide the use of any of the above-mentioned cationic lipid compounds in preparing an mRNA delivery system.
  • the mRNA delivery system is an LNP composition.
  • embodiments of the present invention also provide the use of any of the above-mentioned cationic lipid compounds in the preparation of nucleic acid drugs.
  • embodiments of the present invention also provide an mRNA delivery system, wherein the mRNA delivery system includes the cationic lipid compound described in any one of the above.
  • the mRNA delivery system is an LNP composition.
  • the mRNA delivery system is used in the preparation of nucleic acid drugs.
  • the cationic lipid compound Compared with the prior art, the cationic lipid compound, its preparation method and application, and the mRNA delivery system of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:
  • embodiments of the present invention develop a new cationic lipid compound, the structure of which is shown in general formula (I).
  • the cationic lipid compound is used to prepare an mRNA delivery system and has the characteristics of high delivery efficiency, organ-targeted delivery, Good biosafety characteristics.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide an mRNA delivery system. Since the mRNA delivery system includes the above-mentioned cationic lipid compound, the mRNA delivery system has high delivery efficiency, organ-targeted delivery, and good biological safety. Features.
  • cationic lipid compounds and mRNA delivery systems are mainly used for the preparation of nucleic acid drugs.
  • Figure 1 is a comparative chart of protein expression levels of lipid nanoparticle preparations prepared from compounds of embodiments of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a comparison chart of spleen protein expression levels of lipid nanoparticle preparations and MC3 lipid nanoparticle preparations prepared from compounds of the embodiments of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a comparative chart of biosafety tests of lipid nanoparticle preparations and MC3 lipid nanoparticle preparations prepared from compounds according to the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention develops a cationic lipid compound with high delivery efficiency, organ-targeted delivery, and good biological safety.
  • the structure of the cationic lipid compound is represented by the following formula (I):
  • R 1 is a chain structure containing a tertiary amine
  • R 2 is a chain fatty acyl group
  • R 3 is a branched chain fatty acyl group.
  • the cationic lipid compound of the present invention is any one of compounds 1-5, but is not limited thereto.
  • the preparation method of compounds 1-5 is described in detail below:
  • compound 1-6 (3 g, 3.5 mmol) was added to a 100 mL eggplant-shaped flask. Gradually and slowly add compound 2-3 (2.6g, 17.7mmol, 3eq), stir and react for 50 minutes, and TLC spots show that the raw material reaction is complete. Add water to quench the reaction.
  • the above compounds of the present invention were respectively dissolved in ethanol with DSPC, cholesterol and DMG-PEG2000 at a molar ratio of 50:10:38.5:1.5 to prepare an ethanol lipid solution.
  • Lipid nanoparticles were prepared by mixing an ethanol lipid solution and an aqueous mRNA solution at a volume ratio of 1:3 via a microfluidic device, and were dialyzed with 1x PBS for 18 hours to remove ethanol and complete citrate buffering. Flushing and changing process. Finally, the lipid nanoparticle solution is concentrated through 0.2 ⁇ m sterile filtration and ultrafiltration to finally obtain a lipid nanoparticle preparation encapsulating luciferase or erythropoietin mRNA.
  • the MC3 lipid nanoparticle formulation was prepared using the same method as a control.
  • Lipid nanoparticle size (Size), polydispersity index (PDI) and potential (Zeta) were determined using Litesizer TM 500 (Anton Paar, Austria). Among them, the particle size and potential were measured in 0.1% PBS. The encapsulation efficiency of lipid nanoparticle formulations was detected by RiboGreen method. Taking encapsulated Fluc mRNA as an example, the test results are shown in Table 1:
  • mice Female Balb/c mice aged 8-9 weeks were injected with the lipid nanoparticles encapsulating hEPO mRNA prepared in Example 1 through the tail vein at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg, and the submandibular blood of the mice was collected 6 hours after administration. , let stand at room temperature for 1.5 hours. By centrifugation at 3000g for 15 minutes at 4°C. The serum was separated, and the hEPO concentration was measured using a commercially available kit (Human EPO ELISA Kit).
  • mice Female Balb/c mice aged 8-9 weeks were injected with MC3 or the encapsulated Fluc mRNA lipid nanoparticles prepared in Example 1 through the tail vein at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg, and fluorescein was injected intraperitoneally 6 hours after administration. Enzyme substrate, wait 10 minutes and then remove the mouse spleen for imaging and quantification.
  • lipid nanoparticle preparation prepared in Example 1 8-9 week old female Balb/c mice were injected with MC3 or Examples encapsulating hEPO mRNA through the tail vein at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg. 1 prepared lipid nanoparticles, and recorded the changes in mouse body weight before administration, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days and 4 days after administration.
  • the cationic lipid compound of the present invention has the technical effects of high delivery efficiency, good spleen targeting, and good biological safety in in vitro mRNA delivery.

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Abstract

本发明是关于一种阳离子脂质化合物及其制备方法和应用、以及mRNA递送系统,涉及医药生物技术领域。解决亟需开发递送效率高、生物安全性好的阳离子脂质的问题。主要采用的技术方案为:所述阳离子脂质化合物的结构为(I);其中,R1为包含三级胺的链状结构;R2为链状脂肪酰基;R3为具有支链的链状脂肪酰基。本发明主要开发一种递送效率高、器官靶向递送、生物安全性好的阳离子脂质化合物,以用于制备mRNA递送系统及核酸类药物。

Description

阳离子脂质化合物及其制备方法和应用、以及mRNA递送系统
本公开要求于2022年03月25日提交中国专利局、申请号为2022103011731、发明名称为“阳离子脂质化合物及其制备方法和应用、以及mRNA递送系统”的中国专利申请的优先权,以及要求于2023年03月02日提交中国专利局、申请号为202310189716X、发明名称为“阳离子脂质化合物及其制备方法和应用、以及mRNA递送系统”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医药生物技术领域,特别是涉及一种阳离子脂质化合物及其制备方法和应用、以及mRNA递送系统。
背景技术
mRNA(信使核糖核酸)是由DNA(脱氧核糖核酸)双链中的一条链为模板(template),在RNA聚合酶(RNA polymerase)的催化作用下,以4种三磷酸核糖核苷(A、U、G、C)为底物,通过磷酸二酯键聚合而成的一类单链核糖核酸。
mRNA能够携带并传递细胞核内DNA所存储的遗传信息,在遗传信息向功能性蛋白的转换过程中发挥着关键作用。在细胞质中,未成熟的mRNA通过加帽,加尾,以及内含子剪切等步骤完成加工修饰变成成熟的mRNA,成熟的mRNA能够精确指导细胞质中蛋白质的合成过程。相对来说,由于mRNA比DNA的分子量小得多,易于转染,并且不会有整合到宿主DNA而引发插入突变的致癌风险。因此,以mRNA为预防性和治疗性药物,在多种疾病的防治方面有着巨大的优势和潜力。
mRNA核酸类药物是利用分子生物学的方法将目的功能基因或者目的基因的功能亚单位通过信使核糖核酸的形式导入患者体内,经靶向性胞内 递送,晚期内含体逃逸,细胞内翻译及翻译后加工修饰,表达出具有特定功能的蛋白质,用以预防(功能性蛋白或者亚单位激活宿主免疫系统产生相应体液免疫或细胞免疫反应)或治疗疾病(表达出的蛋白或者亚单位具有治疗疾病的功能或调节其他基因表达的作用)的一种防治策略。与其他方法相比,其优势在于它可以直接在分子水平上激活机体产生针对特定病原体的功能性抗体或细胞免疫反应,或者有针对性地修复致病基因或纠正异常基因的表达,从而达到多种疾病预防和治疗的作用。
mRNA核酸类药物可以达到传统药物无法替代的效果,例如单克隆抗体药物只能作用于细胞表面,而mRNA核酸类药物不仅可以针对细胞膜外蛋白发挥作用,也可以对细胞内蛋白发挥作用,甚至可以在细胞核内发挥作用,并具有精确的靶向性。在人类面临的7000多种疾病中,约1/3的疾病是由于功能性基因的表达出现了问题(缺失、降低或过表达),如血友病(Hemophilia)、杜氏肌营养不良(DMD)、囊性纤维化(Cysticfibrosis)和严重的免疫缺陷综合征(SCID)等,在临床上几乎是无药可治,而mRNA核酸类药物对这种单基因疾病非常有优势。在个性化医疗以及精准医疗普及的时代背景下。理论上,由患者基因差异或基因表达异常引起的疾病,都可利用mRNA核酸药物对其进行精准有效的治疗。
mRNA核酸类药物虽然在调控基因表达及恶性疾病的预防和治疗中有巨大的优势和潜力。但此类药物的研发、制备以及后续系统给药中均面临着诸多困难。首先,mRNA是以单链的形式存在,导致mRNA在体外及生理条件下极不稳定,不仅易被空气中或血液中的RNA核酸酶(RNAase))所降解,还易被肝脏、脾脏等组织器官中单核巨噬细胞清除;其次,由于mRNA带负电性,使其难以穿过细胞膜进入到细胞内部;再次,mRNA难以从内涵体逃逸并进入细胞质中发挥作用。此外,mRNA的尿嘧啶核糖核苷(U)易产生免疫原性,在某些情况下,免疫原性的产生有可能会增加mRNA药物潜在的毒副作用。最后,易产生脱靶效应也是mRNA核酸类药 物在制备以及给药过程中面临的重要挑战。因此,mRNA核酸类药物胞内递送系统的开发,是其能够大规模临床应用的关键所在。在此,阳离子脂质是mRNA递送系统(LNP)的重要组成部分,所以,亟需开发递送效率高、生物安全性好的阳离子脂质。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种阳离子脂质化合物及其制备方法和应用、以及mRNA递送系统,主要目的在于开发一种递送效率高、生物安全性好的阳离子脂质化合物。
为达到上述目的,本发明主要提供如下技术方案:
一方面,本发明的实施例提供一种阳离子脂质化合物,其中,所述阳离子脂质化合物的结构如下述式(I)所示:
其中,在式(I)中,R1为包含三级胺的链状结构;R2为链状脂肪酰基;R3为具有支链的链状脂肪酰基。
优选的,所述R1为以下基团中的任一种:
优选的,所述R2为以下基团中的任一种:
优选的,所述R3为以下基团中的任一种:
优选的,所述阳离子脂质化合物为以下化合物中的任一种:
另一方面,本发明实施例还提供了上述任一项所述的阳离子脂质化合物的制备方法,其中,所述阳离子脂质化合物的制备方程式如下:
其中,R4为三级胺类化合物;其中,当阳离子脂质化合物为化合物1、化合物4、化合物5时,所述R4当所述阳离子脂质化合物为化合物2时,所述R4当所述化合物为化合物3时,所述R4
其中,在反应容器中加入然后再向其中加入R4,进行反应;反应结束后进行后处理,得到阳离子脂质化合物。
优选的,当所述阳离子脂质化合物为化合物1、化合物2、化合物3时:
所述
其中,的制备方程式如下:
其中,在化合物1-5的无水四氢呋喃溶液中,加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺,惰性气体保护,在0-5℃的温度下,再向其中滴加酰氯,然后在70-75℃的温度下反应;反应结束后,进行后处理,得到油状物为化合物1-6。
优选的,当所述阳离子脂质化合物为化合物4时:
所述
其中,的制备方程式如下:
其中,在反应容器中加入化合物4-10,并使化合物4-10溶于四氢呋喃,再于室温下向其中加入化合物酰氯,室温搅拌至清,然后在室温下,再向其中再加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺,室温搅拌后盖好盖子,在70-75℃的温度下进行反应,反应结束后进行后处理,得到黄色液体化合物4-11。
优选的,当所述阳离子脂质化合物为化合物5时:
所述
其中,的制备方程式如下:
其中,在反应容器中加入化合物5-7,并使化合物5-7溶于四氢呋喃中,再于室温下向其中加入酰氯,室温搅拌至清,然后在室温下向其中再加入 三乙胺,室温搅拌后盖好盖子,在70-75℃的温度下,进行搅拌反应,反应结束后进行后处理,得到黄色液体化合物5-8。
再一方面,本发明实施例还提供了上述任一项所述的阳离子脂质化合物在制备mRNA递送系统中的应用。
优选的,所述mRNA递送系统为LNP组合物。
再一方面,本发明实施例还提供了上述任一项所述的阳离子脂质化合物在制备核酸类药物中的应用。
再一方面,本发明实施例还提供一种mRNA递送系统,其中,所述mRNA递送系统包括上述任一项所述的阳离脂质化合物。
优选的,所述mRNA递送系统为LNP组合物。
优选的,所述mRNA递送系统在制备核酸类药物中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的阳离子脂质化合物及其制备方法和应用、以及mRNA递送系统至少具有下列有益效果:
一方面,本发明实施例开发一种新的阳离子脂质化合物,其结构如通式(I)所示,该阳离子脂质化合物用于制备mRNA递送系统,具有递送效率高、器官靶向递送、生物安全性好的特点。
另一方面,本发明实施例提供一种mRNA递送系统,由于该mRNA递送系统包括了上述的阳离子脂质化合物,因此,该mRNA递送系统具有送效率高、器官靶向递送、生物安全性好的特点。
另外,上述的阳离子脂质化合物、mRNA递送系统主要用于制备核酸类药物。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述,为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段,并可依照说明书的内容予以实施,以下以本发明的较佳实施例并配合附图详细说明如后。
附图说明
图1是由本发明实施例的化合物制备的脂质纳米颗粒制剂的蛋白表达水平对比图;
图2是由本发明实施例的化合物制备的脂质纳米颗粒制剂、MC3脂质纳米颗粒制剂的脾脏蛋白表达水平对比图;
图3是由本发明实施例的化合物制备的脂质纳米颗粒制剂、MC3脂质纳米颗粒制剂的生物安全测试对比图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效,以下结合附图及较佳实施例,对依据本发明申请的具体实施方式、结构、特征及其功效,详细说明如后。在下述说明中,不同的“一实施例”或“实施例”指的不一定是同一实施例。此外,一或多个实施例中的特定特征、结构、或特点可由任何合适形式组合。
本发明实施例开发一种递送效率高、器官靶向递送、生物安全性好的阳离子脂质化合物。其中,所述阳离子脂质化合物的结构如下述式(I)所示:
其中,在式(I)中,R1为包含三级胺的链状结构;R2为链状脂肪酰基;R3为具有支链的链状脂肪酰基。
较佳地,本发明的阳离子脂质化合物为化合物1-5中的任一种,但不限于此,下面详细说明化合物1-5的制备方法:
1.化合物1
其中,化合物1的制备步骤如下:
在化合物1-1(15.0g,103mmol)的无水四氢呋喃(150mL)溶液中,加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(26.5g,205mmol),在冰浴的条件下,再向其中缓慢滴加正十三酸酰氯(35.8g,154mmol),氮气保护,零度下反应8小时,TLC检测反应完全。然后向反应体系中加水(500mL),再加乙酸乙酯萃取三次(200mL×3)。采用有机相分离,合并,用饱和食盐水洗,Na2SO4干燥,旋蒸除去溶剂得到粗品。粗品过硅胶柱(洗脱:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)得到化合物1-2(26.0g),为油状物。其中,化合物1-2的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.15(dd,J=7.0,2.2Hz,2H),4.00~3.95(m,2H),3.75~3.70(m,2H),2.30(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.01~1.98(m,1H),1.65~1.58(m,2H),1.43(s,3H),1.40(s,3H),1.29~1.25(m,18H),0.89~0.85(m,3H)。
将化合物1-2(26.0g,75.9mmol)溶解在甲醇(100mL)中,并向其中加入盐酸(3mol/L,10mL)。在25℃的温度下,搅拌反应30分钟。TLC检测反应完全,并向其中加入水(500mL),乙酸乙酯萃取三次(200mL×3)。用有机相分离、合并、用饱和食盐水洗,Na2SO4干燥,旋蒸除去溶剂得到 粗品。粗品过硅胶柱(洗脱:二氯甲烷/甲醇=20/1)得到白色固体为化合物1-3(18.0g)。其中,化合物1-3的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ4.48(t,J=5.2Hz,2H),4.01(d,J=6.4Hz,2H),3.46~3.36(m,4H),2.27(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.86~1.77(m,1H),1.54~1.47(m,2H),1.28~1.24(m,18H),0.87~0.83(m,3H)。
在化合物1-3(6.00g,19.8mmol)的无水四氢呋喃(50mL)溶液中,加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(5.12g,39.6mmol,2.0eq.),氮气保护,在0℃的温度下缓慢滴加酰氯(10.7g,29.7mmol,1.5eq.),在0℃的温度下反应8小时。TLC检测反应完全,加入水(200mL),用乙酸乙酯萃取三次(100mL×3)。有机相分离,合并,用饱和食盐水洗,Na2SO4干燥,旋蒸除去溶剂得到粗品。粗品过硅胶柱(洗脱:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)得到油状物为化合物1-5(4.50g)。其中,化合物1-5的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.22~4.10(m,4H),3.60(d,J=5.6Hz,2H),2.35~2.29(m,2H),2.22~2.16(m,1H),1.63~1.55(m,4H),1.47~1.39(m,4H),1.32~1.18(m,47H),0.87(t,J=6.4Hz,9H)。
在化合物1-5(4.50g,7.36mmol)的无水四氢呋喃(50mL)溶液中,加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(1.90g,14.7mmol),氮气保护,在0℃的温度下向其中缓慢滴加酰氯(2.22g,11.0mmol),在70℃的温度下反应2小时。TLC 检测反应完全,加入水(100mL),用乙酸乙酯萃取三次(100mL×3)。有机相分离,合并,用饱和食盐水洗,Na2SO4干燥,旋蒸除去溶剂得到粗品。粗品过硅胶柱(洗脱:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)得到油状物为化合物1-6(3.40g)。其中,化合物1-6的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.28(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.38(dd,J=9.2,2.8Hz,2H),4.36(d,J=5.6Hz,2H),4.21(d,J=6.0Hz,4H),2.56~2.47(m,1H),2.39~2.30(m,2H),1.65~1.42(m,8H),1.32~1.23(m,47H),0.89~0.85(m,9H)。
在25mL的史莱克管中,加入化合物1-6(3.40g,4.38mmol),在室温下再向其中缓慢滴加3-(二乙胺基)丙基-1-醇(10mL),所得溶液在氮气保护下室温反应8小时。TLC检测反应完全,加入水(500mL),乙酸乙酯萃取三次(50mL×3)。有机相分离,合并,用饱和食盐水洗,Na2SO4干燥,旋蒸除去溶剂得到粗品。粗品过硅胶柱(洗脱:石油醚/乙酸乙酯=1/1)得到浅黄色油状物为化合物1(1.40g)。其中,化合物1的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.19~4.13(m,8H),2.50(q,J=6.8Hz,6H),2.44~2.38(m,1H),2.34~2.27(m,3H),1.83~1.76(m,2H),1.63~1.52(m,4H),1.46~1.37(m,2H),1.28~1.23(m,50H),1.00(t,J=7.2Hz,6H),0.87(t,J=6.4Hz,9H)。
2.化合物2
其中,化合物2的制备步骤如下:
在室温条件,于500mL的茄型瓶中,加入化合物2-1(10g,66.8mmol)、硫代乙酸钾(9.9g,86.9mmol))和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(50mL)。再加入碳酸钾(44g,133.6mmol),室温反应2h。TLC点板,显示原料反应完全,加水淬灭反应。然后加入乙酸乙酯(500mL)与水(500mL)进行萃取分液,然后有机相在用饱和氯化钠溶液(300mL×3)洗涤2-3次,然后有机相干燥旋干,加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇=200/1到20/1)得到无色的液体状产品2-2(6.5g)。
在室温条件,于250mL的茄型瓶中,加入化合物2-2(6.5g,34.3mmol),氢氧化钠溶液(4.1g,103mmol,溶于10mL水)和甲醇20mL。室温搅拌反应2h。TLC点板,显示原料反应完全,加3mol/L的盐酸淬灭反应。然后挥走甲醇,加入乙酸乙酯(200mL)与水(200mL)进行萃取分液,然后有机相在用饱和氯化钠溶液(300mL×3)洗涤2-3次,然后有机相干燥旋干,加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇=200/1到10/1)得到无色的液体状产品2-3(2.6g)。
在室温条件下,于100mL的茄型瓶中,加入化合物1-6(3g,3.5mmol)。逐渐缓慢加入化合物2-3(2.6g,17.7mmol,3eq),搅拌反应50分钟,TLC点板,显示原料反应完全,加水淬灭反应。然后加入乙酸乙酯(200mL)与水(200mL)进行萃取分液,然后有机相在用饱和氯化钠溶液(200mL×3)洗涤2-3次,然后有机相干燥旋干,加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇=300/1到60/1)得到粗品,再经制备纯化,得到淡黄色的油状液体产品化合物2(603mg)。其中,化合物2的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.28(d,J=5.9Hz,2H),4.13(d,J=6.0Hz,4H),2.88(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.50(q,J=7.2Hz,6H),2.42(p,J=5.9Hz,1H),2.37–2.27(m,3H),1.79(q,J=7.2Hz,4H),1.59(m,4H),1.44(m,3H),1.34–1.18(m,51H),1.01(t,J=7.1Hz,6H),0.88(t,J=6.7Hz,9H).C47H91NO6S Exact Mass:797.66,found[M+H]+:798.73.
3.化合物3
其中,化合物3的制备步骤如下:
在室温条件下,于50mL的茄型瓶中,先加入化合物1-6(3g,3.5mmol),然后再逐渐缓慢加入二甲胺基丙醇(1.8g,17.7mmol),搅拌反应50分钟,TLC点板,显示原料反应完全,加水淬灭反应。然后加入乙酸乙酯(200mL)与水(200mL)进行萃取分液,然后有机相在用饱和氯化钠溶液(200mL×3)洗涤2-3次,然后用有机相干燥旋干,加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇=300/1到50/1)得到粗品,再经进一步纯化,得到黄色的油体状产品化合物3(517mg)。其中,化合物3的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.26–4.12(m,8H),2.49–2.38(m,3H),2.38–2.29(m,3H),2.27(s,6H),1.88(p,J=6.9Hz,2H),1.61(m,4H),1.46(m,3H),1.37–1.17(m,50H),0.90(t,J=6.7Hz,9H).C45H87NO7Exact Mass:753.65,found[M+H]+:754.64.
4.化合物4
其中,化合物4的制备步骤如下:
在2000mL的三口瓶中加入化合物4-1(30.0g,187mmol),将其溶于1,4-二氧六环(600mL),在水浴的条件下,再缓慢加入氢化钠(6.74g,280mmol),搅拌5min,加入化合物1-溴正十一烷(48.46g,206mmol),在100℃进行反应,回流搅拌过夜,TLC监测反应。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应。加入水溶液洗涤,加乙酸乙酯萃取三次,收集有机相,硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩, 然后加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)得到无色油状液体化合物4-2(15g)。
在1000mL的三口瓶中加入化合物4-2(15g,47.7mmol),溶于1,4-二氧六环(300.0mL),水浴缓慢加入氢化钠(4.58g,190.8mmol),搅拌5min,加入化合物碘乙烷(22.32g,143.1mmol),在100℃下反应,回流搅拌过夜,TLC监测反应。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应。用乙酸乙酯和水萃取,分液,收集有机相,干燥,减压浓缩,然后加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=30/1)得到无色油状液体4-3(10.1g)。
在250mL的单口瓶中加入化合物4-4(10.1g,29.49mmol)),并使其溶于无水乙醇(10.0mL)。将氢氧化钾(16.55g,294.87mmol)溶于H2O(28.0mL),搅拌至清,然后加入到含化合物4-4的反应液中,在95℃的温度下搅拌反应过夜,TLC监测反应。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应。减压浓缩,旋掉大部分乙醇,6mol/L的盐酸溶液调至PH=2-3。用乙酸乙酯和水萃取,分液,收集有机相,干燥,减压浓缩,得到白色固体化合物4-5(7.5g)。
在100mL的单口瓶中加入化合物4-5(7.5g,26.18mmol),接上冷凝管,插上气球,升温至170℃,回流搅拌16h,观察气球,气球不再膨胀,气体释放停止,停止反应,核磁监测反应。得到褐色液体化合物4-6(6.1g)。不 做纯化直接用于下一步。
在100mL的单口瓶中加入化合物4-6(6.1g,25.17mmol),用无水二氯甲烷DCM(6.0mL)稀释,再加入草酰氯(6.39mL,75.50mmol),室温搅拌反应1h,插上气球,观察气球,气球不再膨胀,TLC监测反应。取样加1滴甲醇进行TLC,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应。旋干后直接用于下一步,得到褐色油状中间体4-7(6.3g)。
在500mL的单口瓶中加入化合物1-1(8.0g,23.49mmol),并将其溶于四氢呋喃(160.0mL)中,然后向其中加入1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(6.75g,35.23mmol),室温搅拌0.5h,再向其中加入4-二甲氨基吡啶(5.74g,46.98mmol),室温搅拌15min,再向其中加入羧酸类化合物(4.46g,30.54mmol),室温搅拌反应过夜,TLC监测反应。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应。用乙酸乙酯和水萃取,分液,收集有机相,干燥,旋干,通过柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)得到无色油状液体化合物4-8(7.0g)。
在250mL的单口瓶中加入化合物4-8(7.0g,14.93mmol),溶于乙醇(30.0mL),向其中加入3mol/L稀盐酸溶液(3.48mL,10.45mmol),室温搅 拌10分钟。TLC监测反应。碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应,用碳酸氢钠溶液调节pH=8,减压浓缩,旋掉大部分甲醇,用乙酸乙酯和水萃取,分液,收集有机相,干燥,减压浓缩,得到白色固体化合物4-9(6.2g)。
在500mL的三口瓶中加入化合物4-9(6.2g,14.46mmol),将其溶于四氢呋喃(120.0mL)中,再加入三乙胺TEA(4.39g,43.39mmol),冰浴下滴加4-7(5.66g,21.69mmol),冰浴搅拌15分钟,撤冰浴,室温搅拌反应5h,TLC监测反应。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)碘显色显示有一新的主点产生,原料反应完全,停止反应。加入饱和氯化铵溶液洗涤,加乙酸乙酯萃取三次,收集有机相,硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,然后加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)得到淡黄透明液体化合物4-10(3.8g)。
在250mL的封管中加入化合物4-10(3.38g,5.18mmol),并将其溶于四氢呋喃(25.0mL)中,向其中再加入化合物酰氯(1.56g,7.76mmol),室温搅拌5分钟,搅拌至清,在室温条件下,向其中再加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺DIPEA(1.05g,10.35mmol),室温搅拌5分钟,盖好盖子,在70℃的温度下进行反应,搅拌过夜,TLC监测反应。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,有紫外,停止反应。依次加入水溶液,乙酸乙酯和饱和氯化铵溶液洗涤,用乙酸乙酯萃取2遍,收集有机相,硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,然后加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层 析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=40/1)得到黄色液体化合物4-11(2.89g)。
在50mL的单口瓶中加入化合物4-11(2.89g,3.53mmol)),再加入化合物3-(二乙胺基)丙基-1-醇(4.63g,35.32mmol),室温搅拌过夜,TLC和LCMS监测反应。TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=10/1)碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应。LCMS有检测到目标分子量,加入饱和氯化铵溶液洗涤,用乙酸乙酯萃取3遍,收集有机相,硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,然后加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇=70/1)得到黄色液体1.85克,核磁不纯,用3mol/L盐酸进行洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,再用饱和碳酸钾溶液进行洗涤,用纯净水进行洗涤,减压浓缩,得到黄色油状液体化合物4(536mg)。其中,化合物4的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.25–4.13(m,8H),2.57(q,J=7.1Hz,6H),2.45(p,J=6.0Hz,1H),2.39–2.24(m,2H),1.85(p,J=6.7Hz,2H),1.69–1.51(m,5H),1.51–1.40(m,3H),1.26(s,50H),1.05(t,J=7.2Hz,6H),0.89(t,J=6.8Hz,12H).C49H95NO7Exact Mass:809.71,found[M+H]+:810.74.
5.化合物5
其中,化合物5的制备步骤如下:
在500mL的三口瓶中加入化合物4-1(5.0g,31.22mmol),并将其溶于四氢呋喃(100.0mL)中,在水浴条件下,向其中缓慢加入氢化钠(60%)(4.99g,124.87mmol),搅拌5min,加入化合物1-溴正辛烷(24.12g,124.87mmol),在80℃的温度下反应,冷凝回流搅拌过夜,TLC监测反应。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应。加入水溶液洗涤,加乙酸乙酯萃取三次,收集有机相,硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,然后加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)得到无色油状液体化合物5-1(3.7g)。
在100mL的单口瓶中加入化合物5-1(2.0g,5.20mmol),将其溶于无水乙醇(2.0mL)中。将氢氧化钾(2.92g,52.00mmol)溶于H2O(5.6mL),搅拌至清,加入到含化合物5-1的反应液,在95℃的温度下,搅拌反应过夜,TLC监测反应。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应。减压浓缩,旋掉大部分乙醇,6mol/L的盐酸溶液调至pH=2-3。用乙酸乙酯和水萃取,分液,收集有机相,干燥,减压浓缩,得到白色固体5-2(1.2g)。
在500mL的单口瓶中加入化合物5-2(41.0g,124.81mmol),接上冷凝管,插上气球,升温至170℃,回流搅拌5h,观察气球,气球不再膨胀,气体释放停止,停止反应,核磁监测反应。得到褐色液体化合物5-3,减压浓缩,然后加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)得到黄色粘稠固体5-3(27.0g)。
在100mL的单口瓶中加入化合物5-3(5.7g,20.04mmol)),用无水二氯甲烷(6.0mL)稀释,再加入草酰氯(6.0mL,70.91mmol,3.54eq),室温搅拌反应1h,插上气球,观察气球,气球不再膨胀,TLC监测反应。取样加1滴甲醇进行TLC,TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应。旋干后直接用于下一步,得到褐色油状中间体5-4。
在500mL的单口瓶中加入化合物1-1(19.11g,102.61mmol),溶于四氢呋喃(150.0mL),加入1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(29.50g,153.9mmol),室温搅拌0.5h,加入4-二甲氨基吡啶(25.07g,205.2mmol),室温搅拌15min,再加入正十三酸(15.0g,102.6mmol),室温搅拌反应过夜,TLC监测反应。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应。用乙酸乙酯和水萃取,分液,收集有机相,干燥,旋干,通过柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1)得到无色油状液体化合物5-5(26.0g)。
在500mL的单口瓶中加入化合物5-5(26.0g,82.68mmol),溶于甲醇(130.0mL),加入3mol/L稀盐酸溶液(19.92mL,57.88mmol),室温搅拌1h。TLC监测反应。碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应,用碳酸钠溶液调节pH=8,减压浓缩,旋掉大部分甲醇,用乙酸乙酯和水萃取,分液,收集有机相,干燥,减压浓缩,然后加入硅胶进行拌 样,通过柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1)得到白色固体化合物5-6(5.42g)。
在500mL的三口瓶中加入化合物5-6(5.42g,19.75mmol),并将其溶于四氢呋喃(60.0mL)中,再向其中加入三乙胺(6.0g,26mmol,3.0eq),在冰浴条件下,向其中滴加5-4(5.98g,19.75mmol),搅拌15分钟,撤除冰浴,室温搅拌反应5h,TLC监测反应。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1)碘显色显示有一新的主点产生,原料反应完全,停止反应。加入饱和氯化铵溶液洗涤,加乙酸乙酯萃取三次,收集有机相,硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,然后加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)得到淡黄透明液体化合物5-7(4.04g)。
在250mL的封管中加入化合物5-7(4.04g,7.47mmol),并将其溶于四氢呋喃(35.0mL),再向其中加入酰氯(2.26g,11.20mmol),室温搅拌5分钟,搅拌至清,在室温条件下,向其中加入DIPEA(1.51g,14.94mmol),室温搅拌5分钟,盖好盖子,在70℃下反应搅拌过夜,TLC监测反应。TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,有紫外,停止反应。依次加入水溶液,乙酸乙酯和饱和氯化铵溶液洗涤,用乙酸乙酯萃取2遍,收集有机相,硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,然后加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=40/1)得到黄色液体化合物5-8(4.3g)。
在50mL的单口瓶中加入化合物5-8(4.30g,6.09mmol),再加入化合物3-(二乙胺基)丙基-1-醇(7.99g,60.91mmol),室温搅拌过夜,TLC和LCMS监测反应。TLC(二氯甲烷/甲醇=10/1)碘显色显示原料已反应完全,有一新的主点产生,停止反应。LCMS有检测到目标分子量,加入饱和氯化铵溶液洗涤,用乙酸乙酯萃取3遍,收集有机相,硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,然后加入硅胶进行拌样,通过柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇=70/1)得到黄色液体1.7g,进一步纯化得到黄色油状液体化合物5(710mg)。其中,化合物5的核磁数据如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.25–4.11(m,8H),2.54(q,J=6.9Hz,6H),2.43(p,J=6.0Hz,1H),2.38–2.27(m,3H),1.83(p,J=6.8Hz,2H),1.60(m,4H),1.51–1.38(m,2H),1.36–1.16(m,38H),1.03(t,J=7.1Hz,6H),0.93–0.83(m,9H).C41H79NO7Exact Mass:697.59,found[M+H]+:698.55.
下面说明本发明的阳离子脂质化合物应用在mRNA递送系统LNP中的技术效果。
实施例1
脂质纳米颗粒制剂的制备及检测。
1.制备步骤:
将本发明的上述化合物分别与DSPC、胆固醇和DMG-PEG2000以50:10:38.5:1.5的摩尔比溶于乙醇制备乙醇脂质溶液。另外将荧光素酶(Firefly luciferase,Fluc)mRNA或促红细胞生成素(Human Erythropoietin,hEPO)mRNA用50mM柠檬酸盐缓冲液(pH=4)稀释得到mRNA水溶液。
通过微流控装置以1:3的体积比混合乙醇脂质溶液和mRNA水溶液制备脂质纳米颗粒,经过1x PBS透析18小时以除去乙醇和完成柠檬酸盐缓 冲液换液过程。最后,脂质纳米颗粒溶液通过0.2μm的无菌过滤和超滤浓缩过程,最终得到包封荧光素酶或促红细胞生成素mRNA的脂质纳米颗粒制剂。
另外,用相同方法制备MC3脂质纳米颗粒制剂作为对照。
2.检测步骤:
利用LitesizerTM 500(Anton Paar,Austrian)测定脂质纳米颗粒粒径(Size),多分散指数(PDI)和电位(Zeta)。其中,粒径及电位均在0.1%PBS中测定。通过RiboGreen法检测脂质纳米颗粒制剂包封效率。以包封Fluc mRNA为例,测试结果如表1所示:
表1
从表1可以看出:本发明的化合物均可作为可离子化脂质形成脂质纳米颗粒。
实施例2
(1)脂质纳米颗粒制剂蛋白表达水平有效性验证:
以0.3mg/kg剂量对8-9周龄雌性Balb/c小鼠通过尾静脉注射实施例1制备的包封hEPO mRNA的脂质纳米颗粒,并在给药后6小时采集小鼠颌下血液,室温静置1.5小时。通过在4℃的温度下,以3000g离心15分钟 分离出血清,使用市售试剂盒(Human EPO ELISA Kit)测得hEPO浓度。
验证结果参见图1所示,从图1可以看出:由本发明的化合物制备的脂质纳米颗粒制剂均具有较好的hEPO蛋白表达,则转染效果优异。
(2)脂质纳米颗粒制剂脾脏蛋白表达水平验证:
以0.3mg/kg的剂量对8-9周龄雌性Balb/c小鼠通过尾静脉注射MC3或实施例1制备的包封Fluc mRNA脂质纳米颗粒,并在给药后6小时腹腔注射荧光素酶底物,等待10分钟后取出小鼠脾脏进行成像及定量。
验证结果参见图2所示,从图2可以看出:由本发明化合物1、化合物3、化合物5制备的脂质纳米颗粒制剂在脾脏的Fluc表达量优于MC3脂质纳米颗粒制剂,表明其具有优异的脾脏靶向性。
(3)脂质纳米颗粒制剂生物安全性验证:
为考察实施例1中制备的脂质纳米颗粒制剂的生物安全性,以0.3mg/kg的剂量对8-9周龄雌性Balb/c小鼠通过尾静脉注射包封hEPO mRNA的MC3或实施例1制备的脂质纳米颗粒,并分别在给药前,给药后1天、2天、3天及4天记录小鼠体重变化。
验证结果参见图3所示,从图3可以看出:由本发明的化合物制备的脂质纳米颗粒均未引起体重的显著降低,说明其生物安全性良好。
综上所述,本发明的阳离子脂质化合物在体外mRNA递送上,具有递送效率高、脾脏靶向性好、生物安全性好的技术效果。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种阳离子脂质化合物,其特征在于,所述阳离子脂质化合物的结构如下述式(I)所示:
    其中,在式(I)中,R1为包含三级胺的链状结构;R2为链状脂肪酰基;R3为具有支链的链状脂肪酰基。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的阳离子脂质化合物,其特征在于,所述R1为以下基团中的任一种:
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的阳离子脂质化合物,其特征在于,所述R2为以下基团中的任一种:
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的阳离子脂质化合物,其特征在于,所述R3为以下基团中的任一种:
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的阳离子脂质化合物,其特征在于,所述阳离子脂质化合物为以下化合物中的任一种:
  6. 权利要求1-5任一项所述的阳离子脂质化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述阳离子脂质化合物的制备方程式如下:
    其中,R4为三级胺类化合物;其中,当阳离子脂质化合物为化合物1、化合物4、化合物5时,所述R4当所述阳离子脂质化合物为化合物2时,所述R4当所述化合物为化合物3时,所述R4
    其中,在反应容器中加入然后再向其中加入R4,进行反应;反应结束后进行后处理,得到阳离子脂质化合物。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的阳离子脂质化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,当所述阳离子脂质化合物为化合物1、化合物2、化合物3时:
    所述
    其中,的制备方程式如下:
    其中,向化合物1-5的无水四氢呋喃溶液中,加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺,惰性气体保护,在0-5℃的温度下,再向其中滴加酰氯,然后在70-75℃的温度下反应;反应结束后,进行后处理,得到油状物为化合物1-6。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的阳离子脂质化合物的制备方法,其特征在于, 当所述阳离子脂质化合物为化合物4时:
    所述
    其中,的制备方程式如下:
    其中,在反应容器中加入化合物4-10,并使化合物4-10溶于四氢呋喃,再于室温下向其中加入化合物酰氯,室温搅拌至清,然后在室温下,再向其中再加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺,室温搅拌后盖好盖子,在70-75℃的温度下进行反应,反应结束后进行后处理,得到黄色液体化合物4-11。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的阳离子脂质化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,当所述阳离子脂质化合物为化合物5时:
    所述
    其中,的制备方程式如下:
    其中,在反应容器中加入化合物5-7,并使化合物5-7溶于四氢呋喃中,再于室温下向其中加入酰氯,室温搅拌至清,然后在室温下向其中再加入三乙胺,室温搅拌后盖好盖子,在70-75℃的温度下,进行搅拌反应,反应结束后进行后处理,得到黄色液体化合物5-8。
  10. 权利要求1-5任一项所述的阳离子脂质化合物在制备mRNA递送系统中的应用。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的阳离子脂质化合物在制备mRNA递送系统中的应用,其特征在于,所述mRNA递送系统为LNP组合物。
  12. 权利要求1-5任一项所述的阳离子脂质化合物在制备核酸类药物中的应用。
  13. 一种mRNA递送系统,其特征在于,所述mRNA递送系统包括权利要求1-5任一项所述的阳离脂质化合物。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的mRNA递送系统,其特征在于,所述mRNA递送系统为LNP组合物。
  15. 权利要求13或14所述的mRNA递送系统在制备核酸类药物中的应用。
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