WO2023160440A1 - Procédé de préparation d'un tube thermorétractable - Google Patents

Procédé de préparation d'un tube thermorétractable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023160440A1
WO2023160440A1 PCT/CN2023/076112 CN2023076112W WO2023160440A1 WO 2023160440 A1 WO2023160440 A1 WO 2023160440A1 CN 2023076112 W CN2023076112 W CN 2023076112W WO 2023160440 A1 WO2023160440 A1 WO 2023160440A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
shrinkable tube
expansion
inner diameter
thermoplastic
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PCT/CN2023/076112
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
戴礼浩
邓智华
梁驹
何光彬
Original Assignee
浙江脉通智造科技(集团)有限公司
创脉医疗科技(上海)有限公司
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Publication of WO2023160440A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023160440A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C61/00—Shaping by liberation of internal stresses; Making preforms having internal stresses; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C61/02—Thermal shrinking
    • B29C61/025—Thermal shrinking for the production of hollow or tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C61/00—Shaping by liberation of internal stresses; Making preforms having internal stresses; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C61/02—Thermal shrinking

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a method for preparing a heat-shrinkable tube.
  • thermoplastic material used in the heat-shrinkable tube is glassy at room temperature, and becomes highly elastic after heating. It has the functions of high-temperature shrinkage, softness, flame retardancy, insulation and corrosion resistance, and is coated on wires and cables, electronic components, assembled medical accessories, etc. It has a wide range of applications in industrial, electronic, medical and other fields on the parts that need to be protected.
  • the thermoplastic tube In the production process of the traditional heat shrinkable tube, the thermoplastic tube is heated to a high elastic state, a load is applied to cause it to expand radially, and it is rapidly cooled while maintaining the radially expanded state, so that it enters a glass state. Heat the heat-shrinkable tube during use, and the material of the heat-shrinkable tube becomes highly elastic when heated. At this time, no load is applied, and the heat-shrinkable tube shrinks radially, and it is tightly covered by the radial shrinkage of the heat-shrinkable tube. protected parts.
  • the heat-shrinkable tube will not only shrink in the radial direction after being heated, but also change in length in the axial direction in most cases, for example, shrink in the axial direction and become shorter.
  • Heat shrink tubing that shrinks and shortens when exposed to heat can cause various problems. For example, if the heat-shrinkable tube is wrinkled during the process of shrinking and shortening, it will cause defects such as surface undulations and protrusions; the wrinkle of the heat-shrinkable tube may even cause the surface of the material covered by it to wrinkle, reducing the coverage. The flatness of the surface of the covered material increases the difficulty of rework.
  • heat shrink tubing parts that are originally covered by heat shrink tubing may be damaged by The shrinkage of the heat-shrinkable tube shortens and exposes to the heat source, resulting in melting and deformation of some exposed parts.
  • the heat-shrinkable tube is stretched while heating to prevent its axial length from shrinking and shortening after being heated.
  • this method is easy to stretch and deform the heat-shrinkable tube, and even damage the material of the component covered by the heat-shrinkable tube.
  • the application provides a kind of preparation method of heat-shrinkable tubing, comprises the steps:
  • thermoplastic tubing Heat the thermoplastic tubing to a high elastic state for expansion, then cool and form it to make a heat-shrinkable tubing;
  • a is the ratio of the inner diameter of the heat-shrinkable tube after expansion to the inner diameter of the thermoplastic tube before expansion
  • b is the ratio of the wall thickness of the heat-shrinkable tube after expansion to the wall thickness of the thermoplastic tube before expansion
  • ⁇ s is the traction speed difference rate during expansion.
  • control a and b meet the following conditions:
  • d is the original inner diameter of the thermoplastic pipe before expansion
  • w is the original wall thickness of the thermoplastic pipe before expansion
  • the ratio of the inner diameter of the heat-shrinkable tube after expansion to the inner diameter of the thermoplastic tubing before expansion is greater than or equal to 1.2; and/or,
  • the material of the heat-shrinkable tube is selected from aromatic polyetherketone, a ⁇ 1.5; when the material of the heat-shrinkable tube is selected from fluoroplastics, a ⁇ 4.0; when the material of the heat-shrinkable tube is selected from polyether
  • the material of the heat-shrinkable tube is selected from polyolefin, a ⁇ 7.5; when the material of the heat-shrinkable tube is selected from polyolefin, a ⁇ 10.
  • the expanding is performed in a mould
  • the mold is an inner support mold, and the material of the thermoplastic pipe, the outer diameter of the inner support mold and the inner diameter of the thermoplastic pipe are controlled to control a and b to meet the conditions;
  • the mold is an external support mold, and the material of the thermoplastic pipe, the inner diameter of the outer support mold and the outer diameter of the thermoplastic pipe are controlled to control a and b to meet the conditions.
  • a fluid is filled between the thermoplastic pipe and the mold during the expansion, and the fluid is an inert gas or a lubricating liquid.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the fluid at 40°C is ⁇ 17 mm 2 /s.
  • the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s>4.5% is controlled during the expansion.
  • the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s>10% is controlled during the expansion.
  • the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s ⁇ e/(e+1) received during the expansion is controlled
  • d is the inner diameter of the thermoplastic pipe before expansion
  • w is the wall thickness of the thermoplastic pipe before expansion
  • e is the axial length change rate of the heat-shrinkable tube before and after shrinking in use.
  • the cooling rate of the cooling forming is ⁇ 60°C/s.
  • the cooling rate of the cooling forming is ⁇ 3°C/s.
  • the traditional solution is to stretch the heat-shrinkable tube while heating to prevent its axial length from shrinking and shortening after being heated.
  • this method is easy to stretch and deform the heat-shrinkable tube, and even damage the material of the component covered by the heat-shrinkable tube.
  • This method can only be performed by operators with high technique skills, which requires extremely high personnel. Based on a large amount of research, the technicians of the present application deeply analyzed the preparation principle of the heat-shrinkable tube, and proposed a preparation method of the heat-shrinkable tube that can be stretched axially after being heated during use.
  • the traditional method of preparing heat-shrinkable tubing is to heat the thermoplastic tubing to a temperature lower than the melting point of the thermoplastic polymer tubing and higher than its glass transition temperature to form a high elastic state, apply a load to the tubing to radially expand the tubing, and make the The tube cools below its glass transition temperature in the radially expanded state, entering the glassy state. So far, the heat-shrinkable tube has been made. According to the analysis of the skilled person of the present application, the essence of the preparation method of the heat-shrinkable tube is to store the radial expansion stress applied to the tube in its polymer chain.
  • the heat-shrinkable tube not only shrinks radially after being heated, but also changes in length in the axial direction in most cases, including axial shrinkage shortening or axial elongation.
  • the heat-shrinkable tube that is stretched in the axial direction after being heated during use is a more economical and convenient choice.
  • the technicians of the present application proposed an innovation of the preparation process.
  • the radial expansion and axial shortening of the pipe can be realized through the production process of the heat shrinkable tube, then the stress of radial expansion and the stress of axial extrusion Stress can be simultaneously stored in its polymer chains. These stresses are released when the tube is reheated, causing simultaneous radial contraction and axial elongation of the tube.
  • the expansion ratio of the inner diameter is the ratio of the inner diameter of the heat-shrinkable tube to the inner diameter of the thermoplastic tube
  • the ratio of wall thickness thinning is the ratio of the wall thickness of the heat-shrinkable tube to the wall thickness of the thermoplastic tube.
  • the heat-shrinkable tube shrinks after being heated during use, and returns to the heat-shrinkable tube with a length of L, an inner diameter of d, and a wall thickness of w, which is the same as the state before expansion.
  • the length, inner diameter and wall thickness of the tubing in three states before expansion, after expansion and after contraction are shown in Table 1 below.
  • Table 1 the original pipe material before the heat-shrinkable pipe is made before expansion, the pipe formed after the heat-shrinkable pipe is made after expansion, and the heat-shrinkable pipe after shrinkage is used.
  • the change rate of the axial length of the heat-shrinkable tube before and after expansion is the ratio of the length L' after expansion to the length L before expansion minus 1. If the manufacturing process of the heat-shrinkable tube realizes the axial shortening of the tube, that is, the rate of change of the axial length of the heat-shrinkable tube before and after expansion is ⁇ 0.
  • the change rate of the axial length of the heat-shrinkable tube before and after use > 0, where the change rate of the axial length of the heat-shrinkable tube before and after use is the length of the heat-shrinkable tube after shrinkage
  • the ratio of the degree L to the length L' of the heat shrinkable tube before use (that is, after expansion) minus 1. If the change rate of the axial length of the heat shrinkable tube before and after use is e, then e L/L'-1 (2)
  • the axial length change rate e of the heat shrinkable tube before and after use is realized.
  • the necessary condition for >0 is: ab>1. That is, the product of the inner diameter expansion ratio a and the wall thickness thinning ratio b>1 is controlled.
  • the value of a has an upper limit: for example, a of aromatic polyetherketone heat shrinkable tube is usually ⁇ 1.5, a of fluoroplastic heat shrinkable tube is usually ⁇ 4.0, and a of polyester heat shrinkable tube Usually ⁇ 7.5, a of polyolefin heat shrink tube is usually ⁇ 10.
  • the upper limit of the inner diameter expansion ratio a is determined. Within this upper limit, select a mold of appropriate size.
  • the inner diameter expansion ratio a can be determined by the mold size control of the heat-shrinkable tubing manufacturing process, because the manufacturing process of the heat-shrinkable tubing usually uses an inner support mold with a fixed outer diameter to move the tubing from the inside Stretch to fix the inner diameter of the tube after expansion; or use an outer support mold with a fixed inner diameter to wrap the outside of the tube to fix the outer diameter of the tube after expansion.
  • the outer diameter of the inner support mold is larger than the inner diameter of the thermoplastic pipe, the outer diameter of the inner support mold is the inner diameter of the expanded thermoplastic pipe, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the inner support mold to the inner diameter of the thermoplastic pipe is the inner diameter. Support the preset inner diameter expansion ratio of the mold.
  • the inner diameter of the outer support mold is larger than the outer diameter of the thermoplastic pipe, and the outer support mold
  • the inner diameter of the support mold is the expanded outer diameter of the thermoplastic pipe, and the preset inner diameter expansion ratio of the outer support mold can be more accurately estimated through the inner diameter of the outer support mold and the inner diameter and wall thickness of the thermoplastic pipe.
  • the inner diameter expansion ratio a is determined by the outer diameter of the inner support mold and the inner diameter of the thermoplastic pipe, or by the inner diameter of the outer support mold and the inner diameter and wall thickness of the thermoplastic pipe.
  • the wall thickness thinning ratio b can usually be controlled and determined by the internal diameter expansion ratio a and the material of the thermoplastic pipe.
  • the upper limit of a for fluoroplastic heat shrinkable tubes is 4.0, while b is usually in the range of 0.25 to 0.85; while the upper limit of a for polyester heat shrinkable tubes is 7.5, and b is usually in the range of 0.02 to 0.2 .
  • the production process of the heat shrinkable pipe can theoretically shorten the axial direction of the pipe, and produce a heat shrinkable pipe with an axial length change rate of more than 0% after complete shrinkage. shrink tube.
  • the mold is an inner support mold, and the material of the thermoplastic pipe, the outer diameter of the inner support mold and the inner diameter of the thermoplastic pipe can be controlled to control a and b to meet the above conditions.
  • the mold is an external support mold, and the material of the thermoplastic pipe, the inner diameter of the outer support mold, and the inner diameter and wall thickness of the thermoplastic pipe are controlled to control a and b to meet the above conditions.
  • control is mainly to prevent the axial stretch introduced by the process from offsetting the axial shortening of the pipe itself.
  • ⁇ s is the traction speed difference rate.
  • the preparation method of the above-mentioned heat-shrinkable tube satisfies specific conditions by controlling the ratio a of the inner diameter of the heat-shrinkable tube to the inner diameter of the thermoplastic tube, and the ratio b of the wall thickness of the heat-shrinkable tube to the wall thickness of the thermoplastic tube, and at the same time controls the expansion time
  • the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s satisfies certain conditions, which can make the heat shrinkable tube radially expand and axially shrink compared with the thermoplastic tube. In this way, the heat-shrinkable tube can achieve axial elongation while shrinking radially after being heated and completely shrunk again.
  • the above preparation method provides a brand-new preparation method for the heat-shrinkable tube that can be extended axially after being heated during use, and the prepared heat-shrinkable tube has broad application prospects.
  • the pipe size design of the heat shrinkable tube needs to control a and b to meet the following conditions:
  • the original inner diameter d and the original wall thickness w of the pipe can be determined by the previous process before the production of the heat-shrinkable tube starts. Therefore, in one embodiment, combining the original internal diameter d of the pipe material, the original wall thickness w, and adopting a suitable size mold and the material selection of the thermoplastic pipe material, so that controlling a and b satisfy the above formula (5), can help improve the obtained The change rate e of the axial length of the heat-shrinkable tube before and after shrinking in the state of use.
  • the values of a, b, d, and w are obtained through the design of the size and material of the thermoplastic tube, and the selection of the expansion die, and the e is calculated in advance according to formula (3).
  • theoretical value Considering that there may be a deviation between the theoretical value and the actual value, a margin must be left for the value of e, so the combination selection of the values of a, b, d, and w must satisfy the formula (5).
  • the actual value of e is as close as possible to the theoretical value through the regulation of process parameters.
  • the tube needs to be heated during the preparation process of the heat-shrinkable tube, so the selected mold is a mold with a heating function, which is called a heating mold.
  • a heating mold During the expansion process, the tube and mold will not Relative motion inevitably occurs. During this movement, the friction between the tube and the heated die also causes the tube to be stretched axially, counteracting its own tendency to axially shorten.
  • the method of filling fluid between the pipe and the heating mold can be used to lubricate to reduce the above-mentioned frictional force.
  • the above fluid is an inert gas or a lubricating liquid; further, the lubricating liquid is preferably a high temperature resistant lubricating liquid.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the fluid (fluid refers to the general term for gas and liquid) between the pipe and the mold can be used to indirectly quantify the friction force.
  • the range of controlling the kinematic viscosity of the fluid between the pipe and the mold is ⁇ 17 mm 2 /s (40° C.).
  • the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s>4.5% is controlled, and in one embodiment, when the traction speed difference rate is controlled to be >10%, the manufacturing process of the heat-shrinkable tube can better realize the expansion of the tube. Axial shortening, and a heat-shrinkable tube with an axial length change rate of more than 0% after complete shrinkage is produced.
  • the cooling rate of cooling molding is ⁇ 60°C/s, such as 60°C/s, 59°C/s, 58°C/s, 57°C/s, 56°C/s, 55°C/s, 50°C/s, 40°C/s, 30°C/s, 20°C/s, 18°C/s, 16°C/s, 14°C/s, 12°C/s, 10°C/s, 8°C/s, 6°C/s, 5°C/s, 4.5°C/s, 4°C/s, 3°C/s, 2°C/s, 1°C/s.
  • the cooling rate dT can be set to ⁇ 3 Slowly cool at a rate of °C/s to prevent excessive cooling, resulting in the stress of axial extrusion not being well stored by the heat-shrinkable tube, and avoiding that the axial length change rate of the heat-shrinkable tube is lower than the expected level after the heat-shrinkable tube is completely shrunk.
  • the preparation of the heat-shrinkable tubes of the following comparative examples and embodiments are all carried out in the external support mold, and the expected value of the external support mold can be estimated more accurately by the inner diameter of the outer support mold and the inner diameter and wall thickness of the thermoplastic pipe. Set the inner diameter expansion ratio a.
  • the expansion temperature used is 130°C
  • the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s is 0.0%
  • the cooling rate dT for cooling and forming after expansion is 2.4°C/s.
  • the average axial length change rate ⁇ after complete shrinkage was -82.6%.
  • the expansion temperature used in the process is 180°C
  • the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s is 1.2%
  • the cooling rate dT for cooling and forming after expansion is 2.4°C/s.
  • the average axial length change rate ⁇ was 2.3% after complete shrinkage.
  • Embodiment 2 is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the cooling rate dT used in the process of Embodiment 2 is 56.7° C./s.
  • the average axial length change rate ⁇ was 0.7% after complete shrinkage.
  • the expansion temperature used in the process is 180°C, and the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s is 6.4%; the cooling rate dT for cooling and forming after expansion is 56.7°C/s.
  • the average axial length change rate ⁇ was 5.2% after complete shrinkage.
  • Comparative Example 2 is basically the same as Example 3, the only difference being that the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s used in the process is 0.2%.
  • the average value of the axial length change rate ⁇ after complete shrinkage is -1.4%.
  • the expansion temperature used in the process is 180°C
  • the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s is 11.1%
  • the cooling rate dT for cooling and forming after expansion is 0.4°C/s.
  • the average axial length change rate ⁇ was 10.4% after complete shrinkage.
  • Embodiment 5 is basically the same as Embodiment 4, the only difference is that the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s used in the process is 4.5%.
  • the average axial length change rate ⁇ was 3.8% after complete shrinkage.
  • Embodiment 6 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 6
  • the expansion temperature used in the process is 180°C
  • the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s is 1.7%
  • the cooling rate dT for cooling and forming after expansion is 6.0°C/s.
  • the average axial length change rate ⁇ after complete shrinkage is 0.1%
  • the maximum value in the test data is 0.4%
  • the minimum value is -0.8%.
  • the mean value of the axial length change rate ⁇ refers to the average value of the length change rates measured by taking 10 parallel samples.
  • the theoretical value of e and the mean ⁇ are positive, indicating that the length change is an elongation trend; negative, indicating that A change in length is a contraction trend.
  • Comparative example 1 controls ab ⁇ 1, the theoretical value of e is negative, and the average value ⁇ of the actual heat-shrinkable tube is also negative, indicating that the heat-shrinkable tube is shortened axially after reheating and shrinking completely. .
  • the reason is that the relationship of ab>1 is not satisfied, resulting in the shrinkage of the heat shrinkable tube product in the axial direction after complete shrinkage.
  • Comparative Example 2 is basically the same as Example 3. Although the controlled ab > 1, the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s controlled in Comparative Example 2 is ⁇ 1%, and the theoretical value of e is positive. However, the actual heat shrinkable tube has a The mean value ⁇ is a negative value, and the heat-shrinkable tube is shortened axially after reheating and shrinking completely.
  • Example 1 controlling the cooling rate of the cooling forming to be ⁇ 3°C/s is beneficial to improve the axial length change rate of the obtained heat-shrinkable tube after complete shrinkage.
  • Example 4 controls the traction speed difference rate ⁇ s>4.5%, which is beneficial to improve the axial length change rate of the prepared heat shrinkable tube after complete shrinkage.
  • the average value ⁇ of the axial length change rate of the heat-shrinkable tube prepared in Example 6 before and after use is smaller than that of other examples. The reason is that because the relationship described in the previous formula (5) (ie the theoretical value of e > 5%) is not satisfied, the theoretical value of e in Example 6 is ⁇ 5%, and the dimensional tolerances and processes of molds and pipes Parameter fluctuations and other reasons make the actual value of e deviate from the theoretical value.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente demande se rapporte à un procédé de préparation d'un tube thermorétractable. Le procédé de préparation comprend les étapes suivantes consistant : à chauffer un matériau de tube thermoplastique à un état élastique élevé pour l'expansion, puis à réaliser un moulage-refroidissement pour obtenir un tube thermorétractable ; et à commander a et b pour satisfaire la condition suivante : ab > 1, et à commander une vitesse de poussée v' et une vitesse de traction v du matériau de tube thermoplastique pendant l'expansion pour satisfaire la condition suivante : Δs = v '/v-1 > 1 %, de telle sorte que par rapport au matériau de tube thermoplastique, le tube thermorétractable préparé est radialement expansé et contracté axialement, a étant le rapport du diamètre interne du tube thermorétractable après expansion au diamètre interne du matériau de tube thermoplastique avant l'expansion, b étant le rapport de l'épaisseur de paroi du tube thermorétractable après expansion à l'épaisseur de paroi du matériau de tube thermoplastique avant l'expansion, et Δs étant le taux de différence d'une vitesse de traction pendant l'expansion.
PCT/CN2023/076112 2022-02-25 2023-02-15 Procédé de préparation d'un tube thermorétractable WO2023160440A1 (fr)

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CN202210182060.4A CN116690963A (zh) 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 热缩管的制备方法
CN202210182060.4 2022-02-25

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CN117511093A (zh) * 2023-11-10 2024-02-06 浙江脉通智造科技(集团)有限公司 热缩管及其制备方法

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CN110370609A (zh) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-25 大连联合高分子材料有限公司 一种高收缩倍率耐高温全氟乙烯丙烯热缩套管的制备方法
CN110625905A (zh) * 2019-10-15 2019-12-31 吕延泉 高温低扩张比在线轴取向增强增韧pvc-c管材挤出装置及方法
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