WO2023149511A1 - ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体およびその利用 - Google Patents
ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体およびその利用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023149511A1 WO2023149511A1 PCT/JP2023/003423 JP2023003423W WO2023149511A1 WO 2023149511 A1 WO2023149511 A1 WO 2023149511A1 JP 2023003423 W JP2023003423 W JP 2023003423W WO 2023149511 A1 WO2023149511 A1 WO 2023149511A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pha
- aqueous suspension
- polyhydroxyalkanoic acid
- powder
- acid powder
- Prior art date
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-hydroxybutyrate Chemical group CC(O)CC([O-])=O WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N R3HBA Natural products CC(O)CC(O)=O WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007581 slurry coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- HPMGFDVTYHWBAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid Chemical group CCCC(O)CC(O)=O HPMGFDVTYHWBAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000037534 Progressive hemifacial atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 224
- 238000012017 passive hemagglutination assay Methods 0.000 description 223
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 description 223
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 37
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 10
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 9
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000252867 Cupriavidus metallidurans Species 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940083575 sodium dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCO BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJZRECIVHVDYJC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-hydroxybutyrate Chemical compound OCCCC([O-])=O SJZRECIVHVDYJC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000607516 Aeromonas caviae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193033 Azohydromonas lata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000498271 Necator Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010407 ammonium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000728 ammonium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KPGABFJTMYCRHJ-YZOKENDUSA-N ammonium alginate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].O1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O KPGABFJTMYCRHJ-YZOKENDUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010003855 mesentericopeptidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 101710108497 p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010010718 poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) synthase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001020 poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001485 poly(butyl acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000070 poly-3-hydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010408 potassium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000737 potassium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- MZYRDLHIWXQJCQ-YZOKENDUSA-L potassium alginate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].O1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O MZYRDLHIWXQJCQ-YZOKENDUSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical group [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/05—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media from solid polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "PHA") powder and a method for producing PHA powder.
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoic acid
- the present invention also relates to aqueous suspensions of PHA powders and methods of making aqueous suspensions of PHA powders.
- PHA is known to be biodegradable.
- powder is generally preferable to slurry (also referred to as "aqueous suspension") in consideration of cost and quality maintenance. Therefore, a method for producing PHA powder by spray-drying a PHA slurry has been developed (Patent Document 1).
- an object of one aspect of the present invention is to provide a PHA powder having good redispersibility when slurrying and film-forming properties when slurry-coated, and a method for producing the same.
- the present inventors have made intensive studies to solve the above problems, and found that a specific 3-hydroxybutyrate (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "3HB”) unit/3-hydroxyhexanoate (hereinafter , Sometimes referred to as “3HH”.)
- 3HB 3-hydroxybutyrate
- 3HH unit/3-hydroxyhexanoate
- the PHA powder according to one aspect of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "this PHA powder") has a composition ratio of 3HB units/3HH units of 80/20 to 91/9 (mol/mol).
- the PHA powder is a PHA powder having a moisture content of 20% or less and a circularity of primary particles on the surface of the PHA powder of 0.92 or more.
- the PHA has a composition ratio of 3-hydroxybutyrate units/3-hydroxyhexanoate units of 80/20 to 91. /9 (mol/mol), (a) a step of adding a dispersant to the PHA aqueous suspension to adjust the pH to 7 or less, and (b) the aqueous suspension prepared in the step (a) and spray drying the above step (b), wherein the dry heat energy/slurry mass is 1130 to 1270 J/g.
- Patent Document 1 describes a method for producing PHA powder by spray-drying a PHA slurry.
- a technique has been developed in which the PHA powder is made into a slurry again and the slurry is applied (slurry coating) to form a PHA coating film.
- the present inventors have made intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, use PHA powder having a specific composition ratio of 3HB units/3HH units, a specific moisture content, and a specific circularity. It has been found for the first time that the re-dispersibility when making a slurry and the film-forming property when slurry-coating are thereby improved. It was also found that the above PHA powder has improved quality stability when powdered.
- the present PHA powder exhibits the above effects, it is advantageous in, for example, slurry coating applications.
- the present PHA powder is advantageous in terms of cost, quality maintenance, etc., particularly in transportation, compared to conventional slurries (PHA aqueous suspensions).
- the amount of plastic waste generated can be reduced. conserve and sustainably use sea and marine resources.”
- the present invention will be described in detail below.
- the present PHA powder is a PHA powder having a composition ratio of 3HB units/3HH units of 80/20 to 91/9 (mol/mol), a moisture content of 20% or less, and It is a PHA powder whose primary particles have a circularity of 0.92 or more.
- the present PHA powder has the above-mentioned specific composition ratio of 3HB units/3HH units, a specific water content, and a specific circularity, so that it has redispersibility when made into a slurry and film-forming properties when slurry-coated. become good.
- PHA The PHA in the present PHA powder is a copolymer of 3HB and 3HH.
- a resin for example, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "P3HB3HH”) can be preferably exemplified, but not limited thereto.
- P3HB3HH poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)
- P3HB3HH can change the melting point and degree of crystallinity by changing the composition ratio of repeating units of 3HB and 3HH, and as a result, can change physical properties such as Young's modulus and heat resistance. It is possible to give physical properties between
- the PHA in the present PHA powder has a composition ratio of 3HB units/3HH units of 80/20 to 91/9 (mol/mol), preferably 81/19 to 90/10 (mol/mol). , 82/18 to 89/11 (mol/mol), more preferably 83/17 to 88/12 (mol/mol).
- composition ratio of 3HB units/3HH units is 91/9 (mol/mol) or less, sufficient flexibility is obtained, and when it is 80/20 (mol/mol) or more, sufficient hardness is obtained. .
- the weight average molecular weight (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "Mw") of PHA is not particularly limited, but is preferably 150,000 to 800,000, more preferably 200,000 to 700,000, 250,000 to 600,000 is more preferable.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the weight average molecular weight is 150,000 or more, sufficient mechanical properties can be obtained, and when it is 800,000 or less, a sufficient crystallization rate can be obtained and good moldability can be achieved.
- the weight average molecular weight of PHA was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) ("Shodex GPC-101" manufactured by Showa Denko) using a polystyrene gel column (“Shodex K-804" manufactured by Showa Denko) and chloroform as the mobile phase. , can be obtained as a molecular weight in terms of polystyrene.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- PHA is produced, for example, from microorganisms capable of producing PHA intracellularly.
- microorganisms capable of producing PHA intracellularly.
- microorganisms that have been deposited in depositories of microorganisms and strains isolated from nature (eg, IFO, ATCC, etc.), or mutants and transformants that can be prepared therefrom can be used.
- Bacillus megaterium which was discovered in 1925, was the first bacterial cell that produced P3HB, which is an example of PHA.
- natural microorganisms such as Ralstonia eutropha and Alcaligenes latus. These microorganisms are known to accumulate PHA in their cells.
- Alcaligenes eutrophus In particular, regarding P3HB3HH, Alcaligenes eutrophus AC32 strain (Alcaligenes eutrophus AC32, FERM BP-6038) (T.Fukui, Y.Doi, J.Bateriol) into which PHA synthase group genes were introduced in order to increase the productivity of P3HB3HH ., 179, p4821-4830 (1997)) and the like are more preferable.
- the microbial cells may be genetically modified microorganisms into which various PHA-synthesis-related genes have been introduced according to the PHA to be produced.
- PHA can also be produced, for example, by the method described in International Publication No. 2010/013483.
- Commercial products of PHA include, for example, Kaneka Corporation "Kaneka Biodegradable Polymer PHBH (registered trademark)".
- the water content of the present PHA powder is 20% or less, preferably 18% or less, more preferably 15% or less. When the moisture content of the present PHA powder is 20% or less, the powder fluidity is improved. Moreover, from the viewpoint of quality stability, it is particularly preferable that the present PHA powder has a moisture content of 2.0% or less.
- the water content of the present PHA powder is preferably as low as possible, and the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.1% or more.
- the circularity of the primary particles on the surface of the PHA powder means the degree of fusion between the primary particles. Specifically, the lower the degree of circularity, the higher the degree of fusion between the primary particles, and the higher the degree of circularity, the lower the degree of fusion between the primary particles. Circularity is a value measured by the method described in Examples.
- the circularity of the present PHA powder is 0.92 or more, preferably 0.94 or more, more preferably 0.95 or more. When the circularity of the present PHA powder is 0.92 or more, the PHA particles are not fused to each other, and the redispersibility when making a slurry is good.
- the circularity of the present PHA powder is preferably as high as possible, and although the upper limit is not particularly limited, it is, for example, 1 or less.
- the PHA powder may further contain a dispersant.
- a dispersant in the present PHA powder, aggregation of PHA can be prevented when the pH of the PHA aqueous suspension is adjusted to 7 or less, and spray drying can be carried out smoothly.
- the dispersant is not particularly limited, but examples include completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol, partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol, modified polyvinyl alcohol (for example, carbonyl group-modified, carboxyl group-modified, silanol group-modified polyvinyl alcohol, cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol alcohol, amino group-modified polyvinyl alcohol, itaconic acid-modified polyvinyl alcohol), partially saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, water-soluble cellulose derivative (e.g., methylcellulose such as hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose), alginic acid, water-soluble alginic acid derivative (e.g., sodium alginate, potassium alginate, ammonium alginate), agar, gelatin, carrageenan, polyacrylic acid derivatives (e.g., sodium polyacrylate, polybutyl acrylate, polyacrylate), alkylene oxide-based dispersants, and the like.
- polyvinyl alcohol, modified polyvinyl alcohol, water-soluble cellulose derivatives, alginic acid, water-soluble alginic acid derivatives, agar, gelatin, carrageenan, and polyacrylic acid derivatives are preferable from the viewpoint of ease of redispersibility, and polyvinyl alcohol and modified polyvinyl alcohol. is more preferred.
- polyvinyl alcohol for example, polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization of 200 or more and 3000 or less and a saponification degree of less than 98.5 mol% and 30 mol% or more can be used.
- alkylene oxide-based dispersant for example, those described in International Publication No. 2021/085534 can be used.
- the content of the dispersant in the present PHA powder is preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, more preferably 1.0 to 4.0% by weight, and more preferably 1.5 to 3.5% by weight. More preferred.
- the content of the dispersant in the present PHA powder is 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, aggregation of the PHA can be prevented when the pH of the PHA aqueous suspension is adjusted to 7 or less, and the dispersion can be smoothly carried out.
- Spray drying can be carried out at
- the present PHA powder is described later in [4. Production method of PHA powder].
- the present PHA powder may contain various components generated or not removed during the course of the present production method as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited.
- This PHA powder can be used for various purposes such as paper, film, sheet, tube, plate, stick, container (for example, bottle container, etc.), bag, and parts.
- an aqueous suspension of PHA powder (hereinafter referred to as "the present aqueous suspension") is provided, comprising the present PHA powder. Since the present aqueous suspension contains the present PHA powder, it is excellent in redispersibility when slurrying and film-forming property when slurry-coating.
- the aqueous suspension is obtained by suspending the PHA powder in an aqueous solvent.
- PHA powder is defined in [2. PHA powder] is incorporated.
- the present aqueous suspension is described later [5. Method for producing aqueous suspension of PHA powder].
- the present aqueous suspension may contain various components generated or not removed during the process of producing the present aqueous suspension as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited.
- This production method is a method comprising the following steps (a) to (b): - Step (a): A step of adding a dispersant to the PHA aqueous suspension to adjust the pH to 7 or less. - Step (b): A step of spray-drying the aqueous suspension prepared in the step (a).
- PHA PHA powder
- step (a) of the present production method a dispersant is added to the PHA aqueous suspension to adjust the pH to 7 or less.
- the PHA exists in a dispersed state in the aqueous medium.
- an aqueous suspension containing at least PHA may be abbreviated as "PHA aqueous suspension”.
- Step (a) preferably includes the following steps (a1) and (a2).
- - Step (a1) A step of adding a dispersant to the PHA aqueous suspension
- Step (a2) A step of adjusting the pH of the PHA aqueous suspension to 7 or less
- step (a2) is performed after step (a1). is preferably implemented.
- the PHA aqueous suspension (the PHA aqueous suspension to which no dispersing agent is added) used as a starting material is not particularly limited, but for example, a microorganism capable of producing PHA in cells It can be obtained by a method comprising a culturing step of culturing and, after the culturing step, a purification step of decomposing and/or removing substances other than PHA.
- a step of obtaining an aqueous PHA suspension (an aqueous PHA suspension to which no dispersing agent has been added) (for example, a step including the above-described culturing step and purification step) is performed before step (a).
- a step of obtaining an aqueous PHA suspension (an aqueous PHA suspension to which no dispersing agent has been added) (for example, a step including the above-described culturing step and purification step) is performed before step (a).
- Microorganisms used in the process are, for example, [2. PHA powder].
- a purification step for decomposing and/or removing impurities other than PHA is usually performed.
- This purification step is not particularly limited, and physical treatments, chemical treatments, biological treatments, etc. that can be considered by those skilled in the art can be applied. method is preferably applicable.
- the above purification process largely determines the amount of impurities remaining in the final product, it is preferable to reduce these impurities as much as possible.
- impurities may be mixed as long as the physical properties of the final product are not impaired.
- impurities should be reduced as much as possible. preferable.
- the amount of protein in the PHA aqueous suspension is exemplified.
- the amount of protein is preferably 30,000 ppm or less, more preferably 15,000 ppm or less, even more preferably 10,000 ppm or less, and most preferably 7,500 ppm or less per PHA weight.
- Purification means are not particularly limited, and for example, the known methods described above can be applied.
- concentration of the organic solvent compatible with water is not particularly limited as long as it is equal to or less than the solubility of the organic solvent used in water.
- the organic solvent compatible with water is not particularly limited, but examples include methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, iso-butanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, and the like.
- ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone
- ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane
- nitriles such as acetonitrile and propionitrile
- amides such as dimethylformamide and acetamide
- methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, iso-butanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, acetonitrile, propionitrile and the like are preferable because they are easy to remove.
- the aqueous medium constituting the PHA aqueous suspension may contain other solvents, components derived from bacterial cells, compounds generated during purification, etc., as long as they do not impair the essence of the present invention.
- the aqueous medium that constitutes the PHA aqueous suspension in this production method preferably contains water.
- the water content in the aqueous medium is preferably 5% by weight or more, more preferably 10% by weight or more, still more preferably 30% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 50% by weight or more.
- the PHA aqueous suspension before being subjected to step (a) of the present production method usually has a pH of more than 7 due to the purification step described above. Therefore, the PHA aqueous suspension obtained in step (a1) of the production method has a pH of more than 7. Therefore, the pH of the PHA aqueous suspension is adjusted to 7 or less in step (a) (especially step (a2)) of the present production method.
- the adjustment method is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, a method of adding an acid.
- the acid is not particularly limited, and may be either an organic acid or an inorganic acid, and may or may not be volatile. More specifically, examples of acids that can be used include sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and acetic acid.
- the upper limit of the pH of the aqueous PHA suspension to be adjusted in the adjustment step is determined from the viewpoint of reducing coloration when the PHA is heated and melted, and from the viewpoint of ensuring the stability of the molecular weight during heating and/or drying. , is 7 or less, preferably 5 or less, more preferably 4 or less.
- the lower limit of the pH is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, and still more preferably 3 or more, from the viewpoint of acid resistance of the container.
- the concentration of PHA in the aqueous PHA suspension obtained in step (a) of the present production method is economically advantageous from the standpoint of drying utility and improves productivity. % or more is more preferable, and 50% by weight or more is even more preferable. Further, the upper limit of the PHA concentration is preferably 65% by weight or less, more preferably 60% by weight or less, because it may result in the closest packing and sufficient fluidity may not be ensured.
- the method for adjusting the PHA concentration is not particularly limited, and includes methods such as adding an aqueous medium and removing a portion of the aqueous medium (for example, by removing the supernatant after centrifugation). be done. The adjustment of the PHA concentration may be carried out at any stage of step (a), or may be carried out at a stage prior to step (a).
- the concentration of PHA in the aqueous suspension prepared in step (a) is 30 to 65% by weight.
- the volume median diameter of the PHA in the aqueous PHA suspension obtained by the step (a) of the present production method is the volume median diameter of the primary particles of the PHA ( 50 times or less, more preferably 20 times or less, and even more preferably 10 times or less of the primary particle size. Since the volume median diameter of the PHA is 50 times or less the primary particle diameter, the PHA aqueous suspension exhibits better fluidity, so that the subsequent step (b) can be carried out with high efficiency. PHA productivity tends to be further improved.
- the volume median diameter of PHA in the PHA aqueous suspension obtained by the step (a) of the present production method is, for example, 0.5 to 0.5 from the viewpoint of achieving excellent fluidity. 5.0 ⁇ m is preferred, 1.0 to 4.5 ⁇ m is more preferred, and 1.0 to 4.0 ⁇ m is even more preferred.
- the volume median diameter of PHA is measured using a laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution analyzer LA-950 manufactured by HORIBA.
- the volume median diameter of the PHA can be used as an indicator of the dispersed state of the PHA in the aqueous PHA suspension.
- the method for adjusting the volume median diameter of the PHA is not particularly limited, and known means (stirring, etc.) can be applied.
- a person skilled in the art can be subjected to physical treatment, chemical treatment, biological treatment, etc., to restore the PHA in the PHA aqueous suspension to a dispersed state (for example, the above state having the volume median diameter of PHA). .
- Step (b) In step (b) in this production method, the aqueous suspension prepared in step (a) is spray-dried.
- the spray-drying method include a method in which an aqueous PHA suspension is supplied in the form of fine droplets into a dryer, and dried while being brought into contact with hot air in the dryer.
- the method (atomizer) for supplying the PHA aqueous suspension in the form of fine droplets into the dryer is not particularly limited, and includes known methods such as a method using a rotating disk and a method using a nozzle.
- the method of contacting the droplets with the hot air in the dryer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a parallel flow method, a countercurrent method, and a method using these methods in combination.
- the drying temperature during the spray drying in the step (b) may be a temperature at which most of the aqueous medium can be removed from the droplets of the PHA aqueous suspension, and the droplets can be dried to the desired moisture content, and Conditions can be appropriately set so as not to cause quality deterioration (molecular weight reduction, color tone reduction, etc.), melting, etc. as much as possible.
- the temperature of the hot air blown into the spray dryer can be appropriately selected within the range of 100 to 300°C.
- the amount of hot air in the dryer can be appropriately set according to, for example, the size of the dryer.
- the dry heat energy/slurry mass is 1130 to 1270 J/g, preferably 1135 to 1265 J/g, more preferably 1140 to 1260 J/g.
- the composition ratio of 3HB units/3HH units is particularly high (for example, the composition ratio of 3HB units/3HH units is 80/20 to 91/9 (mol/ mol))
- the PHAs can be dried without causing heat fusion between them.
- the dry heat energy/slurry mass is calculated by the method described in Examples.
- a method for producing an aqueous suspension of PHA powder according to one aspect of the present invention comprises the present PHA powder, or A method for producing an aqueous suspension of PHA powder, comprising a step of redispersing PHA powder. Since the PHA powder of the present invention or the PHA powder obtained by the present production method has excellent redispersibility when made into a slurry, an aqueous suspension of the PHA powder can be easily obtained by the production method of the present aqueous suspension. can be manufactured. Moreover, the resulting aqueous suspension is excellent in film-forming properties during coating.
- the method of redispersion is not particularly limited, and any method used in the art is used.
- the redispersion in this embodiment is performed, for example, by the method described in Examples.
- the step of redispersing comprises redispersing the PHA powder in an aqueous solution having a pH of 4 to 7 to obtain an aqueous suspension having a pH of 3 to 5 and a PHA concentration of 45 to 55%.
- a method is provided, comprising the step of obtaining a turbid liquid.
- the volume median diameter of the PHA in the aqueous suspension after redispersion is the volume median diameter of the PHA in the aqueous suspension prepared in the step (a). is preferably substantially the same as
- the volume median diameter of the PHA in the aqueous suspension after redispersion is substantially the same as the volume median diameter of the PHA in the aqueous suspension prepared in the step (a). "" means that the difference between the volume median diameter of PHA in the aqueous suspension after redispersion and the volume median diameter of PHA in the aqueous suspension prepared in step (a) is 1 ⁇ m or less. Intend.
- one aspect of the present invention includes the following.
- the dispersant is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, modified polyvinyl alcohol, water-soluble cellulose derivatives, alginic acid, water-soluble alginic acid derivatives, agar, gelatin, carrageenan, and polyacrylic acid derivatives.
- a method for producing a PHA powder The PHA has a composition ratio of 3-hydroxybutyrate units/3-hydroxyhexanoate units of 80/20 to 91/9 (mol/mol), (a) adding a dispersant to the aqueous PHA suspension to adjust the pH to 7 or less; and (b) spray-drying the aqueous suspension prepared in step (a), A method for producing a PHA powder, wherein in the step (b), the dry heat energy/slurry mass is 1130 to 1270 J/g.
- the dispersant is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, modified polyvinyl alcohol, water-soluble cellulose derivatives, alginic acid, water-soluble alginic acid derivatives, agar, gelatin, carrageenan, and polyacrylic acid derivatives.
- the PHA powder according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5> or the PHA powder obtained by the method for producing a PHA powder according to any one of ⁇ 7> to ⁇ 9> is recycled.
- a method for producing an aqueous suspension of PHA powder comprising the step of dispersing.
- the step of redispersing comprises redispersing the PHA powder in an aqueous solution having a pH of 4 to 7 to obtain an aqueous suspension having a pH of 3 to 5 and a PHA concentration of 45 to 55%.
- ⁇ 12> The method for producing an aqueous suspension of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid powder according to ⁇ 10> or ⁇ 11>, wherein the value represented by the following formula (3) is 1.2 or less: (D 90 of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid in aqueous suspension after redispersion) ⁇ (D 90 of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid in aqueous suspension prepared in step (a)) (3)
- the volume median diameter of PHA in the aqueous suspension after redispersion is is preferably substantially the same as the volume median diameter of the PHA in the aqueous suspension prepared in .
- the value of formula (3) described in the examples is preferably 1.2 or less, more preferably 1.1 or less, and even more preferably 1.05 or less.
- the lower limit of formula (3) is preferably 0.7 or more, more preferably 0.8 or more, and even more preferably 0.85 or more.
- P3HB3HH is used as “PHA”
- P3HB3HH can be read as “P3HB3HH” [Measurement and evaluation methods] Measurements and evaluations in Examples and Comparative Examples were carried out by the following methods.
- the moisture content of the powder was measured using a dry moisture meter ML-50 (manufactured by A&D Co., Ltd.).
- the P3HB3HH powder was heated at 105° C. until the weight change rate was less than 0.05% (W.B.)/min, and the moisture content of the P3HB3HH powder was determined from the weight change before and after heating.
- Dry heat energy/slurry mass at the time of spray drying was calculated according to the following formula (1).
- the air specific heat capacity was 1.016 kJ/kg ⁇ K.
- the particle size D50 is the particle size corresponding to 50% of the maximum particle size in the cumulative particle size distribution
- the particle size D90 is the particle size corresponding to 90% of the maximum particle size in the cumulative particle size distribution.
- the quality stability was evaluated by storing the powder at 30 to 40° C. for one week and checking the presence or absence of corrosion and mold. After visual inspection, if no abnormalities such as discoloration, mold, or odor are found in the powder, the quality stability is rated as "acceptable.” Stability was set as "no".
- Example 1 (Preparation of cell culture solution) Ralstonia eutropha described in International Publication No. 2019/142717 was cultured by the method described in paragraphs [0041] to [0048] of the same document to obtain a cell culture solution containing cells containing PHA. Ralstonia eutropha is now classified as Capriavidus necator.
- the composition ratio of repeating units of PHA composition ratio of 3HB units/3HH units was 89/11 (mol/mol).
- the cell culture solution obtained above was heated and stirred at an internal temperature of 60 to 80° C. for 20 minutes for sterilization.
- High pressure crushing treatment 0.2% by weight of sodium dodecylsulfate was added to the sterilized cell culture solution obtained above. Further, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to adjust the pH to 11.0, and the mixture was kept at 50° C. for 1 hour. After that, high-pressure crushing was performed at a pressure of 450 to 550 kgf/cm 2 using a high-pressure crusher (high-pressure homogenizer model PA2K manufactured by Nirosoavi).
- the volume median diameter (particle size D 50 ) of the PHA in the PHA aqueous suspension thus obtained (before granulation) was 3.6 ⁇ m, and the volume-based 90% diameter (particle size D 90 ) (before granulation) was , 6.5 ⁇ m.
- the PHA aqueous suspension was sent to an atomizer using an OC-16 general-purpose spray dryer manufactured by Okawara Kakoki Co., Ltd., and spray-dried (hot air temperature: 110 ° C., exhaust temperature: 50 ° C., Slurry throughput: 26.2 kg/h, gas flow rate: 563 m 3 /h).
- the water content of the finally obtained granules was 1.8% by weight on a wet basis.
- the circularity of the primary particles on the surface of the PHA powder was 0.97.
- Example 2 The pH of the PHA aqueous suspension was adjusted to 4 in the same manner as in Example 1, and spray drying was carried out (hot air temperature: 110°C, exhaust temperature: 60°C, slurry throughput: 21.0 kg/h, Gas flow rate: 555 m 3 /h).
- the water content of the finally obtained granules was 0.41% by weight on a wet basis.
- a redispersion treatment was performed by the same operation as in Example 1.
- the circularity of the primary particles on the surface of the PHA powder was 0.97.
- Example 3 The pH of the aqueous PHA suspension was adjusted to 4 in the same manner as in Example 1, and spray drying was carried out (hot air temperature: 110°C, exhaust temperature: 65°C, slurry throughput: 18.6 kg/h, Gas flow rate: 551 m 3 /h).
- the water content of the powder finally obtained was 0.34% by weight on a wet basis.
- a redispersion treatment was performed by the same operation as in Example 1.
- the circularity of the primary particles on the surface of the PHA powder was 0.98.
- Example 4 The pH of the PHA aqueous suspension was adjusted to 4 in the same manner as in Example 1, and spray drying was carried out (hot air temperature: 110°C, exhaust temperature: 45°C, slurry throughput: 28.9 kg/h, Gas flow rate: 567 m 3 /h).
- the water content of the finally obtained granules was 2.41% by weight on a wet basis.
- a redispersion treatment was performed by the same operation as in Example 1.
- the circularity of the primary particles on the surface of the PHA powder was 0.96.
- Example 1 In the same manner as in Example 1, a bacterial cell culture solution containing PHA-containing bacterial cells was obtained by the method described in International Publication No. WO2019/142717. The composition ratio of repeating units of PHA (composition ratio of 3HB units/3HH units) was 94/6 (mol/mol). The pH of the aqueous PHA suspension was adjusted to 4 in the same manner as in Example 1, and spray drying was carried out (hot air temperature: 140°C, exhaust temperature: 80°C, slurry throughput: 13.2 kg/h, Gas flow rate: 332 m 3 /h). Here, the water content of the finally obtained granules was 0.21% by weight on a wet basis. A redispersion treatment was performed by the same operation as in Example 1. The circularity of the primary particles on the surface of the PHA powder was 0.97.
- Example 2 The pH of the aqueous PHA suspension was adjusted to 4 in the same manner as in Example 1, and spray drying was carried out (hot air temperature: 140°C, exhaust temperature: 80°C, slurry throughput: 13.2 kg/h, Gas flow rate: 332 m 3 /h).
- the water content of the powder finally obtained was 0.24% by weight on a wet basis.
- a redispersion treatment was performed by the same operation as in Example 1.
- the circularity of the primary particles on the surface of the PHA powder was 0.91.
- Table 1 shows that Examples 1-4 are superior to Comparative Examples 1-2 in redispersibility and film-forming properties. Moreover, Examples 1 to 3 were shown to be excellent in quality stability in addition to redispersibility and film-forming properties.
- the present PHA powder has good redispersibility when slurrying and film-forming properties when slurry-coated. It can be suitably used in automobiles, building materials, and other fields.
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Abstract
Description
上述の通り、特許文献1には、PHAのスラリーを噴霧乾燥して、PHA粉体を製造する方法が記載されている。このような方法で得られたPHA粉体の利用の一態様として、PHA粉体を再度スラリーとして、当該スラリーを塗布すること(スラリーコート)によりPHA塗膜を形成する技術が開発されている。
本PHA粉体は、3HB単位/3HH単位の組成比が80/20~91/9(mol/mol)であるPHA粉体であり、含水率が20%以下であり、前記PHA粉体表面の1次粒子の円形度が0.92以上である、PHA粉体である。本PHA粉体は、上記特定の3HB単位/3HH単位の組成比、特定の含水率、および特定の円形度を有するため、スラリーとする際の再分散性およびスラリーコートの際の造膜性が良好となる。
本PHA粉体におけるPHAは、3HBと3HHとの共重合体である。かかる樹脂として、例えば、ポリ(3-ヒドロキシブチレート-コ-3-ヒドロキシヘキサノエート)(以下、「P3HB3HH」と称する場合がある。)を好ましく例示し得るが、これに限定されない。以下では、説明の便宜上、主として、P3HB3HHを代表例として説明する。
本PHA粉体の含水率は、20%以下であり、好ましくは、18%以下であり、より好ましくは、15%以下である。本PHA粉体の含水率20%以下であると、粉体流動性が良好となる。また、品質安定性の観点から、本PHA粉体の含水率が2.0%以下であることが、特に好ましい。本PHA粉体の含水率は低いほどよく、下限は特に限定されないが、例えば、0.1%以上である。
本明細書において、「PHA粉体表面の1次粒子の円形度(以下、単に「円形度」とも称する。)」とは、1次粒子同士の融着の程度を意図する。具体的には、円形度が低いほど1次粒子同士の融着が高まり、円形度が高いほど1次粒子同士の融着の程度が低い。円形度は、実施例に記載の方法で測定された値である。
本発明の一実施形態において、本PHA粉体は、さらに、分散剤を含んでいてもよい。本PHA粉体が分散剤を含むことにより、PHA水性懸濁液のpHを7以下に調整する際に、PHAの凝集を防ぐことができ、円滑に噴霧乾燥を行うことができる。
本発明の一実施形態において、本PHA粉体を含む、PHA粉体の水性懸濁液(以下、「本水性懸濁液」と称する。)を提供する。本水性懸濁液は、本PHA粉体を含むため、スラリーとする際の再分散性およびスラリーコートの際の造膜性に優れる。本水性懸濁液は、本PHA粉体を水性溶媒に懸濁させることにより得られる。
本製造方法は、以下の工程(a)~(b)を含む方法である:
・工程(a):PHA水性懸濁液に分散剤を添加し、pHを7以下に調整する工程
・工程(b):前記工程(a)で調製した水性懸濁液を噴霧乾燥する工程。
本製造方法における工程(a)では、PHA水性懸濁液に分散剤を添加し、pHを7以下に調製する。当該水性懸濁液において、PHAは水性媒体中に分散した状態で存在している。本明細書では、少なくともPHAを含む水性懸濁液を、「PHA水性懸濁液」と略して表記する場合がある。
・工程(a1):PHA水性懸濁液に分散剤を添加する工程
・工程(a2):PHA水性懸濁液のpHを7以下に調整する工程
工程(a1)と工程(a2)とを実施する順番は、特に限定されないが、工程(a2)におけるPHAの凝集が抑制され、よりPHAの分散安定性に優れた水性懸濁液が得られる観点で、工程(a1)の後に工程(a2)を実施することが好ましい。
本製造方法の工程(a)に付される前のPHA水性懸濁液は、通常、上記の精製工程を経ることにより、7を超えるpHを有する。よって、本製造方法の工程(a1)にて得られるPHA水性懸濁液は、7を超えるpHを有する。そこで、本製造方法の工程(a)(特に、工程(a2))により、上記PHA水性懸濁液のpHを7以下に調整する。その調整方法は、特に限定されず、例えば、酸を添加する方法等が挙げられる。酸は、特に限定されず、有機酸、無機酸のいずれでもよく、揮発性の有無は問わない。より具体的には、酸としては、例えば、硫酸、塩酸、リン酸、酢酸等が使用できる。
本製造方法における工程(b)では、工程(a)で調製した水性懸濁液を噴霧乾燥する。噴霧乾燥の方法としては、例えば、PHA水性懸濁液を微細な液滴の状態として乾燥機内に供給し、当該乾燥機内で熱風と接触させながら乾燥する方法等が挙げられる。PHA水性懸濁液を微細な液滴の状態で乾燥機内に供給する方法(アトマイザー)は、特に限定されず、回転ディスクを用いる方法、ノズルを用いる方法等の公知の方法が挙げられる。乾燥機内における液滴と熱風の接触方式は、特に限定されず、並流式、向流式、これらを併用する方式等が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様に係るPHA粉体の水性懸濁液の製造方法(以下、「本水性懸濁液の製造方法」と称する。)は、本PHA粉体、または本製造方法で得られたPHA粉体、を再分散させる工程を有する、PHA粉体の水性懸濁液の製造方法である。本PHA粉体、または本製造方法で得られたPHA粉体は、スラリーとする際の再分散性に優れるため、本水性懸濁液の製造方法により、容易にPHA粉体の水性懸濁液を製造できる。また、得られた水性懸濁液は、コートの際の造膜性に優れる。
<1>3-ヒドロキシブチレート単位/3-ヒドロキシヘキサノエート単位の組成比が80/20~91/9(mol/mol)であるPHA粉体であり、
含水率が20%以下であり、
前記PHA粉体表面の1次粒子の円形度が0.92以上である、PHA粉体。
<2>前記含水率が2.0%以下である、<1>に記載のPHA粉体。
<3>さらに、分散剤を含む、<1>または<2>に記載のPHA粉体。
<4>前記分散剤の含有量が0.1~5.0重量%である、<3>に記載の-PHA粉体。
<5>前記分散剤が、ポリビニルアルコール、変性ポリビニルアルコール、水溶性セルロース誘導体、アルギン酸、水溶性アルギン酸誘導体、寒天、ゼラチン、カラギーナン、およびポリアクリル酸誘導体からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つである、<3>または<4>に記載のPHA粉体。
<6><1>~<5>のいずれかに記載のPHA粉体を含む、PHA粉体の水性懸濁液。<7>PHA粉体の製造方法であって、
前記PHAが、3-ヒドロキシブチレート単位/3-ヒドロキシヘキサノエート単位の組成比が80/20~91/9(mol/mol)であり、
(a)PHA水性懸濁液に分散剤を添加し、pHを7以下に調整する工程、および
(b)前記工程(a)で調製した水性懸濁液を噴霧乾燥する工程、を含み、
前記工程(b)において、乾燥熱エネルギー/スラリー質量が1130~1270J/gである、PHA粉体の製造方法。
<8>前記分散剤の含有量が0.1~5.0重量%である、<7>に記載のPHA粉体の製造方法。
<9>前記分散剤が、ポリビニルアルコール、変性ポリビニルアルコール、水溶性セルロース誘導体、アルギン酸、水溶性アルギン酸誘導体、寒天、ゼラチン、カラギーナン、およびポリアクリル酸誘導体からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つである、<7>または<8>に記載のPHA粉体。
<10><1>~<5>のいずれかに記載のPHA粉体、または<7>~<9>のいずれかに記載のPHA粉体の製造方法で得られたPHA粉体、を再分散させる工程を有する、PHA粉体の水性懸濁液の製造方法。
<11>前記再分散させる工程が、前記PHA粉体をpH4~7の水溶液に再分散させ、pH3~5、かつ、PHAの濃度が45~55%である水性懸濁液を得る、工程を含む、<10>に記載のPHA粉体の水性懸濁液の製造方法。
<12>以下の式(3)で示される値が、1.2以下である、<10>または<11>に記載のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体の水性懸濁液の製造方法:
(再分散後の水性懸濁液中のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸のD90)÷(工程(a)で調製した水性懸濁液中のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸のD90) ・・・(3)
本発明の一実施形態において、上記<10>または<11>の工程により得られる水性懸濁液において、前記再分散後の水性懸濁液中のPHAの体積メジアン径が、前記工程(a)で調製した水性懸濁液中のPHAの体積メジアン径と実質的に同一であることが好ましい。具体的には、実施例に記載した式(3)の値が、1.2以下であることが好ましく、1.1以下であることがより好ましく、1.05以下であることがさらに好ましい。また、式(3)の下限は、0.7以上であることが好ましく、0.8以上であることがより好ましく、0.85以上であることがさらに好ましい。
〔測定および評価方法〕
実施例および比較例における測定および評価を、以下の方法で行った。
国際公開第2013/147139号の段落〔0047〕に記載の方法で、3HH組成の測定を行った。
粉体の含水率を、乾燥式水分計ML-50(株式会社A&D製)を用いて測定した。P3HB3HH粉体を105℃で加熱し、重量変化速度が0.05%(W.B.)/分を下回るまで加熱し、加熱前後の重量変化からP3HB3HH粉体の含水率を割り出した。
下記式(1)に従い、噴霧乾燥時の乾燥熱エネルギー/スラリー質量を算出した。空気比熱容量は、1.016kJ/kg・Kであった。
(粒径D50、D90の測定)
粒径は、レーザ回折/散乱式粒子径分布測定装置LA-950(HORIBA社)を用いて測定した。具体的な測定方法としては、イオン交換水20mLに、分散剤として界面活性剤であるドデシル硫酸ナトリウム0.05gを加えて、界面活性剤水溶液を得た。その後、上記界面活性剤水溶液に、測定対象の樹脂粒子群0.2gを加え、樹脂粒子群を界面活性剤水溶液中に分散させ、測定用の分散液を得た。調製した分散液を上記レーザ回折/散乱式粒子径分布測定装置に導入し、測定を行った。粒径D50は、粒度累積分布で最大粒度に対して50%に該当する粒度、粒径D90は、粒度累積分布で最大粒度に対して90%に該当する粒度である。
走査型電子顕微鏡装置(SEM、株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製のS-3000N)を用いて、PHA粉体の電子顕微鏡写真(SEM像)を取得し、汎用画像処理ソフト(製品名:NANO HUNTER NS2K-PRO/LT、ナノシステム株式会社製)を使用して円形度を測定した。前記画像処理プログラムにSEM画像を取込み、PHA粉体表面の1次粒子の周囲長と面積を計測した。下記式(2)に従い、得られた周囲長および面積から円形度を算出した。ランダムに選択したポリマー微粒子100個について円形度を算出し、その平均値を表1に示した:
(円形度)=4π×(面積)/(周囲長)^2・・・(2)。
品質安定性は、粉体を30~40℃で1週間保存して、腐食やカビの有無により評価した。目視で確認し、粉体に変色やカビの発生、異臭など異常が確認されないものを、品質安定性「可」とし、粉体に変色やカビの発生、異臭など異常が発生したものを、品質安定性「否」とした。
造粒前のスラリー中のPHAの粒径D90(工程(a)で調製した水性懸濁液中のPHAの体積基準90%径)と再分散後のスラリー中のPHAの粒径D90(再分散後の水性懸濁液中のPHAの体積基準90%径)を、レーザ回折/散乱式粒子径分布測定装置LA-950(HORIBA社)を用いて測定した。再分散性は、下記式(3)で評価した。
また、式(3)は、以下のように表現することもできる。
・・・(3)
式(3)の値が1.2を超える場合を分散性不良「否」とし、1.2以下の場合を分散性良「可」とした。
スリットのあるアプリケーターを用いて、スラリーを厚み約0.1mm塗布後、150~160℃、2分間熱風オーブンで乾燥し、シートを得た。得られたシートをSEM観察し、粒子間の空隙の有無を確認した。粒子間の空隙がないものを、造膜性「可」とし、粒子間の空隙があるものを、造膜性「否」とした。
(菌体培養液の調製)
国際公開第2019/142717号に記載のラルストニア・ユートロファを、同文献の段落〔0041〕~〔0048〕に記載の方法で培養し、PHAを含有する菌体を含む菌体培養液を得た。なお、ラルストニア・ユートロファは、現在では、カプリアビダス・ネカトールに分類されている。PHAの繰り返し単位の組成比(3HB単位/3HH単位の組成比)は89/11(mol/mol)であった。
上記で得られた菌体培養液を内温60~80℃で20分間加熱・攪拌処理し、滅菌処理を行った。
上記で得られた滅菌済みの菌体培養液に、0.2重量%のドデシル硫酸ナトリウムを添加した。さらに、pHが11.0になるように水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加した後、50℃で1時間保温した。その後、高圧破砕機(ニロソアビ社製高圧ホモジナイザーモデルPA2K型)を用いて、450~550kgf/cm2の圧力で高圧破砕を行った。
上記で得られた高圧破砕後の破砕液に対して、等量の蒸留水を添加した。これを遠心分離した後、上清を除去して2倍濃縮した。この濃縮したPHAの水性懸濁液に、除去した上清と同量の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(pH11)を添加して遠心分離し、上清を除去してから再度水を添加して懸濁させ、0.2重量%のドデシル硫酸ナトリウムと、PHAの1/100重量のプロテアーゼ(ノボザイム社、エスペラーゼ)を添加し、pH10で50℃に保持したまま、2時間攪拌した。その後、遠心分離により上清を除去して4倍濃縮した。さらに水を添加することでPHA濃度が50重量%になるように調整した。水性懸濁液中のPHAの体積メジアン径(粒径D50)は、3.1μmであった。
上記で得られたPHA水性懸濁液(固形分濃度50%)に対して、平均重合度500、ケン化度88mol%のポリビニルアルコール(商品名ポバール)を3.0phr(水性懸濁液中に存在するPHA100重量部に対して3.0重量部)添加し、その後、固形分濃度を45.9%に調整した。この液を30分間撹拌した後、硫酸を添加してpHが4に安定するまで調整した。こうして得られたPHA水性懸濁液中のPHAの(造粒前)体積メジアン径(粒径D50)は、3.6μm、(造粒前)体積基準90%径(粒径D90)は、6.5μmであった。PHA水性懸濁液を、大川原化工機社製OC-16汎用スプレードライヤを使用して使用してアトマイザーに送液し、噴霧乾燥を実施した(熱風温度:110℃、排風温度:50℃、スラリー処理量:26.2kg/h、ガス流量:563m3/h)。ここで、最終的に得られた粉粒体の含水量は、湿量基準として、1.8重量%であった。PHA粉体表面の1次粒子の円形度は0.97であった。
上記で得られた粉体と蒸留水を混合し、PHA水性懸濁液(固形分濃度50%)を調整した。その後、高せん断破砕機(プライミクス社製ホモミクサーモデルMARKII型)を用いて、22,000s-1のせん断速度で、5分間破砕を行った。
実施例1と同様の操作でPHA水性懸濁液のpHを4に調整し、噴霧乾燥を実施した(熱風温度:110℃、排風温度:60℃、スラリー処理量:21.0kg/h、ガス流量:555m3/h)。ここで、最終的に得られた粉粒体の含水量は、湿量基準として、0.41重量%であった。実施例1と同様の操作により再分散処理を施した。PHA粉体表面の1次粒子の円形度は0.97であった。
実施例1と同様の操作でPHA水性懸濁液のpHを4に調整し、噴霧乾燥を実施した(熱風温度:110℃、排風温度:65℃、スラリー処理量:18.6kg/h、ガス流量:551m3/h)。ここで、最終的に得られた粉粒体の含水量は、湿量基準として、0.34重量%であった。実施例1と同様の操作により再分散処理を施した。PHA粉体表面の1次粒子の円形度は0.98であった。
実施例1と同様の操作でPHA水性懸濁液のpHを4に調整し、噴霧乾燥を実施した(熱風温度:110℃、排風温度:45℃、スラリー処理量:28.9kg/h、ガス流量:567m3/h)。ここで、最終的に得られた粉粒体の含水量は、湿量基準として、2.41重量%であった。実施例1と同様の操作により再分散処理を施した。PHA粉体表面の1次粒子の円形度は0.96であった。
実施例1と同様に国際公開第WO2019/142717号に記載の方法でPHAを含有する菌体を含む菌体培養液を得た。PHAの繰り返し単位の組成比(3HB単位/3HH単位の組成比)は94/6(mol/mol)であった。実施例1と同様の操作でPHA水性懸濁液のpHを4に調整し、噴霧乾燥を実施した(熱風温度:140℃、排風温度:80℃、スラリー処理量:13.2kg/h、ガス流量:332m3/h)。ここで、最終的に得られた粉粒体の含水量は、湿量基準として、0.21重量%であった。実施例1と同様の操作により再分散処理を施した。PHA粉体表面の1次粒子の円形度は0.97であった。
実施例1と同様の操作でPHA水性懸濁液のpHを4に調整し、噴霧乾燥を実施した(熱風温度:140℃、排風温度:80℃、スラリー処理量:13.2kg/h、ガス流量:332m3/h)。ここで、最終的に得られた粉粒体の含水量は、湿量基準として、0.24重量%であった。実施例1と同様の操作により再分散処理を施した。PHA粉体表面の1次粒子の円形度は0.91であった。
Claims (12)
- 3-ヒドロキシブチレート単位/3-ヒドロキシヘキサノエート単位の組成比が80/20~91/9(mol/mol)であるポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体であり、
含水率が20%以下であり、
前記ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体表面の1次粒子の円形度が0.92以上である、ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体。 - 前記含水率が2.0%以下である、請求項1に記載のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体。
- さらに、分散剤を含む、請求項1または2に記載のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体。
- 前記分散剤の含有量が0.1~5.0重量%である、請求項3に記載のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体。
- 前記分散剤が、ポリビニルアルコール、変性ポリビニルアルコール、水溶性セルロース誘導体、アルギン酸、水溶性アルギン酸誘導体、寒天、ゼラチン、カラギーナン、およびポリアクリル酸誘導体からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つである、請求項3に記載のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体。
- 請求項1または2に記載のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体を含む、ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体の水性懸濁液。
- ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体の製造方法であって、
前記ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸が、3-ヒドロキシブチレート単位/3-ヒドロキシヘキサノエート単位の組成比が80/20~91/9(mol/mol)であり、
(a)ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸水性懸濁液に分散剤を添加し、pHを7以下に調整する工程、および
(b)前記工程(a)で調製した水性懸濁液を噴霧乾燥する工程、を含み、
前記工程(b)において、乾燥熱エネルギー/スラリー質量が1130~1270J/gである、ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体の製造方法。 - 前記分散剤の含有量が0.1~5.0重量%である、請求項7に記載のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体の製造方法。
- 前記分散剤が、ポリビニルアルコール、変性ポリビニルアルコール、水溶性セルロース誘導体、アルギン酸、水溶性アルギン酸誘導体、寒天、ゼラチン、カラギーナン、およびポリアクリル酸誘導体からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つである、請求項7または8に記載のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体の製造方法。
- 請求項1または2に記載のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体、または請求項7または8に記載のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体の製造方法で得られたポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体、を再分散させる工程を有する、ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体の水性懸濁液の製造方法。
- 前記再分散させる工程が、前記ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体をpH4~7の水溶液に再分散させ、pH3~5、かつ、ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸の濃度が45~55%である水性懸濁液を得る、工程を含む、請求項10に記載のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体の水性懸濁液の製造方法。
- 以下の式(3)で示される値が、1.2以下である、請求項10に記載のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸粉体の水性懸濁液の製造方法:
(再分散後の水性懸濁液中のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸のD90)÷(工程(a)で調製した水性懸濁液中のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸のD90) ・・・(3)
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