WO2023063672A1 - 금속-cnt 나노 복합재 제조방법, 상기 제조방법으로 제조된 금속-cnt 나노 복합재를 포함하는 수전해 촉매전극, 및 상기 수전해 촉매전극의 제조방법 - Google Patents
금속-cnt 나노 복합재 제조방법, 상기 제조방법으로 제조된 금속-cnt 나노 복합재를 포함하는 수전해 촉매전극, 및 상기 수전해 촉매전극의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023063672A1 WO2023063672A1 PCT/KR2022/015246 KR2022015246W WO2023063672A1 WO 2023063672 A1 WO2023063672 A1 WO 2023063672A1 KR 2022015246 W KR2022015246 W KR 2022015246W WO 2023063672 A1 WO2023063672 A1 WO 2023063672A1
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- cnt
- metal
- nanocomposite
- cnt nanocomposite
- electrode
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- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 abstract description 80
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 73
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 78
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 39
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000445 field-emission scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910020630 Co Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002440 Co–Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004502 linear sweep voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001106 transmission high energy electron diffraction data Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002525 ultrasonication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003321 CoFe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002127 nanobelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004832 voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/32—Vacuum evaporation by explosion; by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours, e.g. ion-plating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
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- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a method for preparing a metal-CNT nanocomposite, a water electrolysis catalyst electrode including the metal-CNT nanocomposite prepared by the method, and a method for preparing the water electrolysis catalyst electrode.
- water electrolysis should be performed at 1.23 V, but an overvoltage higher than that is required to produce hydrogen and oxygen in practice.
- the higher the overvoltage the larger the amount of hydrogen and oxygen can be produced, but there is a problem that the cost of electric energy also increases.
- the use of an electrode catalyst is unavoidable because the overvoltage entering the reaction must be lowered.
- the method of synthesizing the electrode catalyst mainly uses a wet method with a long synthesis time and high cost of the catalyst, which increases the cost of hydrogen production. has
- the problem to be solved in the present disclosure is to provide a method for manufacturing a metal-CNT (carbon nanotube) nanocomposite that can be used as a water electrolysis catalyst or a lithium ion battery electrode material without using a conventional wet method, and a water electrolysis catalyst To provide a water electrolysis catalyst electrode comprising a metal-CNT nanocomposite having excellent performance and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a metal-CNT carbon nanotube
- one aspect of the present disclosure is to inject a plasma forming gas into a triple torch type plasma jet device, and generate a plasma jet by applying power (Input power); injecting metal and CNT into the plasma jet by using a carrier gas, vaporizing the metal, and depositing the metal on the CNT; and recovering a metal-CNT nanocomposite by cooling the metal-deposited CNT.
- the molar ratio of the metal and CNT may be 1-3:1.
- the metal may be copper or nickel.
- the CNT may have a diameter of 1 to 30 nm and a length of 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the metal may be injected with an argon gas of 3 to 8 L/min, and the CNT may be injected with an argon gas of 5 to 55 L/min.
- the metal-CNT nanocomposite may be in a form in which the metal is deposited on the surface of the CNT.
- Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a metal-CNT nanocomposite prepared by the above-described manufacturing method.
- Another aspect of the present disclosure is to prepare a metal-CNT nanocomposite by the method described above; and coating the metal-CNT nanocomposite on the water electrolysis catalyst electrode.
- the step of coating the metal-CNT nanocomposite on the water electrolytic catalyst electrode may include preparing a catalyst ink containing the metal-CNT nanocomposite; and coating the catalyst ink on the electrode.
- the preparing of the catalyst ink may include preparing a mixture of mixing a metal-CNT nanocomposite, propanol, deionized water, and Nafion; and subjecting the mixture to ultrasonication for 50 to 70 minutes.
- a coating amount of the metal-CNT nanocomposite coated on the electrode may be 1 to 1.5 mg per cm 2 of the surface of the electrode.
- Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a water electrolysis catalyst electrode including the metal-CNT nanocomposite prepared by the above manufacturing method.
- the present disclosure uses thermal plasma to prepare a metal-CNT nanocomposite that can be used as a water electrolysis catalyst or a lithium ion battery electrode material, and to prepare a water electrolysis catalyst electrode including the same, thereby providing excellent electrical power without using a wet method. Due to the above, current density and surface area, excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can be exhibited at the cathode or anode.
- OER oxygen evolution reaction
- HER hydrogen evolution reaction
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a triple torch type plasma jet device according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a metal-CNT nanocomposite according to the present disclosure.
- FIG 3 is a flow chart showing a method for manufacturing a water electrolysis catalyst electrode according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a catalyst ink manufacturing step according to the present disclosure.
- 5 is an XRD graph of nickel-CNT nanocomposites prepared in Preparation Examples 1 to 3 and recovered from the first reactor.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing FE-SEM results of nickel-CNT nanocomposites prepared in Preparation Examples 1 to 3 and recovered from the first reactor.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing FE-SEM results of copper-CNT nanocomposites prepared in Preparation Examples 1 to 3 and recovered from the first reactor.
- FIG. 13 is a photograph showing Potentiostat/Galva-nostat (PGSTAT128N, Metrohm, Switzerland) composed of three electrodes.
- LSV linear scan voltage-current graph
- 14B is a graph showing an overvoltage measured amount according to LSV measurement results.
- 14C is a graph showing the Tafel slope.
- 15a is a graph showing the results of measuring the circulating-current (CV) according to the scan rate of Example 4 (Cu-CNT) in the OER reaction.
- 15B is a graph showing the results of measuring the circulating-current (CV) according to the scan rate of Example 2 (Ni-CNT) in the OER reaction.
- FIG. 15C is a graph showing a current density difference that changes according to a scanning speed by measuring a current density difference between a highest point and a lowest point at a center voltage position in a CV measurement data graph in an OER response.
- 16A is a graph showing a linear scanning voltammetry (LSV) for HER response.
- 16B is a graph showing the overvoltage measured amount according to the LSV measurement result.
- 16C is a graph showing the Tafel slope.
- 17a is a graph showing the results of measuring the circulating-current (CV) according to the scan rate of Example 4 (Cu-CNT) in the HER response.
- 17B is a graph showing the results of measuring the circulating-current (CV) according to the scan rate of Example 2 (Ni-CNT) in the HER reaction.
- FIG. 17C is a graph showing a current density difference varying according to a scanning speed by measuring a current density difference between a peak and a trough at a center voltage position in a graph of CV measurement data in a HER response.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a triple torch type plasma jet device according to the present disclosure.
- the triple torch type plasma jet apparatus includes a reaction tube 100 in which raw materials react and provide a space in which a plasma jet is formed; a torch unit 200 provided on one side of the reaction tube 100 and supplying a heat source to the supplied initial material; A metal supply unit 300 connected to the upper portion of the reaction tube 100 and supplying a metal raw material to the inside of the reaction tube 100 through a line; A CNT supply unit 400 connected to the central portion of the reaction tube 100 and supplying CNT raw material to the inside of the reaction tube 100 through a line; A power supply device 500 electrically connected to the torch unit 200 to supply power; and a gas supply device 600 connected to the torch unit 200, the metal supply unit 300, and the CNT supply unit 400 to supply gas, wherein the torch unit 200 has a plurality of torches at regular intervals. , and arranged so that the plasma jets generated from the plurality of torch units 200 can be merged.
- the metal is supplied in the same direction as the plasma jet of the torch unit 200, and the CNT is supplied in the opposite direction from the plasma jet at the center of the reaction tube 100.
- the CNT carbon nanotube
- the CNT is injected with a large amount of carrier gas, and when the CNT is mixed with the metal and supplied together, due to the high temperature of the plasma jet, some of the CNT may be sublimated to exist in the form of CNT. does not exist. Therefore, it is preferable that the CNTs are supplied separately from the metal and injected together with a large amount of carrier gas as described above.
- the reaction tube 100 is a space in which raw materials are reacted by a plasma jet and manufactured materials are accumulated, and includes a first reactor 110, a second reactor 120, and a third Reactor 130 may be included.
- the torch unit 200 may include three torches, and may be arranged at equal intervals.
- Generation of the triple torch-type plasma jet used in the present disclosure is preferably non-transferred.
- the triple torch type plasma jet device generates a DC arc discharge between a cathode composed of a tungsten rod and an anode on the inner surface of a nozzle composed of copper, and flows a plasma forming gas in a swirling flow from the rear so that the plasma jet forming gas flows into the arc.
- the metal-CNT nanocomposite can be prepared by generating a non-transporting plasma jet, which is heated by the anode nozzle and ejects a vigorous plasma jet flow from the anode nozzle.
- the plasma jet is an ionized gas composed of electrons, ions, atoms, and molecules generated from a torch unit using a direct current arc or a high-frequency inductively coupled discharge. .
- the metal-CNT nanocomposite according to the present disclosure comprises the steps of injecting a plasma forming gas into a triple torch type plasma jet device and applying power to generate a plasma jet; injecting metal and CNT into the plasma jet by using a carrier gas, vaporizing the metal, and depositing the metal on the CNT; and recovering a metal-CNT nanocomposite by cooling the metal-deposited CNT.
- the step of injecting a plasma forming gas into the triple torch-type plasma jet device and applying power to generate a plasma jet is a mixture of argon (Ar) and nitrogen (N 2 ) in the triple torch-type plasma jet device, and It may be performed by injecting at a flow rate of 16 L/min and adjusting the input power of the plasma to 18 to 25 kW. At this time, argon and nitrogen may be mixed at 2 to 6 L/min and 6 to 10 L/min, respectively.
- the step of injecting metal and CNT into the plasma jet using a carrier gas, vaporizing the metal, and depositing the metal on the CNT is performed as follows.
- a metal raw material and CNT are respectively injected together with a carrier gas.
- the metal raw material and the CNT may be injected in opposite directions, and the carrier gas may be argon gas.
- a flow rate of argon gas injected together with the metal raw material may be 2 to 7 L/min, and an input amount of the metal raw material may be 0.5 to 0.7 g/min.
- the flow rate of argon gas injected together with the CNT raw material may be 5 to 55 L/min, preferably 20 to 40 L/min, more preferably 25 to 30 L/min, ,
- the input amount of the CNT raw material may be 0.05 ⁇ 0.07 g / min.
- the water electrolysis catalyst exhibits the best efficacy within the range of the input amount of the metal and CNT and the flow rate of the argon gas, the above range is preferable.
- the implanted metal raw material may be vaporized by a jet in plasma and deposited on the surface of the CNT to form a metal-CNT nanocomposite.
- the CNT is not vaporized by being injected separately from the metal, and thus the metal can be deposited on the surface of the CNT.
- a first reactor 110 for cooling the CNT on which the metal is deposited A cooling system may be further provided in the second reactor 120 and the third reactor 130, and the cooling may be natural cooling, and the metal-CNT nanocomposite is manufactured as the CNT on which the metal is deposited is cooled.
- the molar ratio of the added metal and CNT may be 1 to 3:1, preferably 2:1, and the metal-CNT nanocomposite can be easily formed within the above range.
- the metal may be copper or nickel powder having a diameter of 0.5 to 2 ⁇ m, preferably nickel powder.
- the metal-CNT nanocomposite prepared through the above process can be manufactured in a short time in a single step, thereby increasing energy efficiency, and the metal-CNT nanocomposite may be in a form in which the metal is deposited on the surface of the CNT. .
- Another embodiment according to aspects of the present disclosure relates to a metal-CNT nanocomposite prepared by the above-described manufacturing method.
- the metal-CNT nanocomposite can be used in various fields, and preferably used as an anode material of a lithium ion battery or a water electrolysis catalyst.
- Another embodiment according to an aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing a water electrolysis catalyst electrode including a metal-CNT nanocomposite prepared by the above-described manufacturing method.
- the water electrolysis catalyst electrode according to the present disclosure includes preparing a metal-CNT nanocomposite using the above-described manufacturing method; and coating the metal-CNT nanocomposite on a water electrolytic catalyst electrode.
- Another embodiment according to an aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for preparing a catalyst ink including a metal-CNT nanocomposite prepared by the above-described method.
- preparing a catalyst ink including a metal-CNT nanocomposite includes preparing a mixture of mixing the metal-CNT nanocomposite, propanol, deionized water, and Nafion; and subjecting the mixture to ultrasonication for 50 to 70 minutes.
- the mixture may be prepared by mixing 40-60 mg of metal-CNT nanocomposite, 600-800 ⁇ l of propanol, 200-400 ⁇ l of deionized water and 5-20 ⁇ l of Nafion (5 wt%).
- the ultrasonic treatment time is out of the above range, the manufacturing efficiency of the catalyst ink is reduced, so the above range is preferable.
- the coating of the catalyst ink on the electrode may be performed by applying the sonicated catalyst ink on the electrode and then drying it. Specifically, 2 to 5 ⁇ l of the sonicated catalyst ink is applied to the electrode using a pipette. After applying the amount, it may be dried at room temperature for 40 to 50 minutes.
- the electrode may be a glassy carbon electrode, and the coating amount of the metal-CNT nanocomposite coated on the electrode may be 1 to 1.5 mg per cm 2 of the electrode surface, preferably 1.2 mg per cm 2 of the electrode surface.
- the coating amount of the metal-CNT nanocomposite coated on the surface of the electrode is out of the above range, the above range is preferable because there are problems in that the coating on the electrode and cracks after the applied ink is dried.
- the present disclosure provides a water electrolysis catalyst electrode including a metal-CNT nanocomposite prepared by the above-described manufacturing method.
- the water electrolysis catalyst electrode according to the present disclosure can generate hydrogen and oxygen at the cathode or anode, respectively, and can exhibit an excellent hydrogen generation reaction or oxygen generation reaction at the cathode or anode, respectively, in an alkaline electrolyte (1 M KOH). .
- Plasma forming gas was supplied to the torch unit of the triple torch type plasma jet device shown in FIG. 1, and a plasma jet was generated under the operating conditions shown in Table 1 below.
- nickel and CNT were respectively supplied to a triple torch type plasma jet device, and nickel was vaporized and deposited on the surface of the CNT.
- the nickel-deposited CNT was cooled to prepare a nickel-CNT nanocomposite in which nickel was deposited on the surface of the CNT.
- Plasma forming gas was supplied to the torch unit of the triple torch type plasma jet device shown in FIG. 1, and a plasma jet was generated under the operating conditions shown in Table 2 below.
- copper and CNTs were respectively supplied to a triple torch type plasma jet device, and copper was vaporized and deposited on the surface of the CNTs.
- the copper-deposited CNT was cooled to prepare a copper-CNT nanocomposite in which copper was deposited on the surface of the CNT.
- a catalyst ink was prepared by mixing 50 mg of the nickel-CNT nanocomposite prepared in Preparation Example 1, 700 ⁇ l of propanol, 300 ⁇ l of deionized water, and 10 ⁇ l of Nafion (5 wt%) and ultrasonicating for 60 minutes.
- the prepared catalyst ink is applied to a pre-cleaned glassy carbon electrode per cm 2
- a catalytic electrode was prepared by loading (coating) 1.2 mg using a pipette and drying in air for 50 minutes.
- a catalyst ink was prepared by mixing 50 mg of the nickel-CNT nanocomposite prepared in Preparation Example 2, 700 ⁇ l of propanol, 300 ⁇ l of deionized water, and 10 ⁇ l of Nafion (5 wt%) and ultrasonicating for 60 minutes.
- the prepared catalyst ink was loaded (coated) with a pipette in an amount of 1.2 mg per cm 2 onto a previously washed glass carbon electrode, and then dried in air for 50 minutes to prepare a catalyst electrode.
- a catalyst ink was prepared by mixing 50 mg of the copper-CNT nanocomposite prepared in Preparation Example 4, 700 ⁇ l of propanol, 300 ⁇ l of deionized water, and 10 ⁇ l of Nafion (5 wt%) and ultrasonicating for 60 minutes.
- the prepared catalyst ink was loaded (coated) with a pipette in an amount of 1.2 mg per cm 2 onto a previously washed glass carbon electrode, and then dried in air for 50 minutes to prepare a catalyst electrode.
- a catalyst ink was prepared by mixing 50 mg of the copper-CNT nanocomposite prepared in Preparation Example 5, 700 ⁇ l of propanol, 300 ⁇ l of deionized water, and 10 ⁇ l of Nafion (5 wt%) and ultrasonicating for 60 minutes.
- the prepared catalyst ink was loaded (coated) with a pipette in an amount of 1.2 mg per cm 2 onto a previously washed glass carbon electrode, and then dried in air for 50 minutes to prepare a catalyst electrode.
- the crystal structure of the nickel-CNT nanocomposites prepared in Preparation Examples 1 to 3 was analyzed using X-ray diffraction, and the crystal structure was analyzed using FE-SEM, and the results are shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 showed up
- FIG. 5 is an XRD graph of nickel-CNT nanocomposites prepared in Preparation Examples 1 to 3 and recovered from the first reactor
- FIG. 6 is prepared in Preparation Example 2 and recovered from the first to third reactors. It is an XRD graph of the CNT nanocomposite
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing FE-SEM results of the nickel-CNT nanocomposite prepared in Preparation Examples 1 to 3 and recovered from the first reactor.
- Ni-CNT nanocomposite exists as general spherical nanoparticles, not in the form of Ni, from which Ni nanoparticles were synthesized. You can check.
- Production Examples 2 (c, d) and 3 (e, f) it can be confirmed that the particles presumed to be Ni are attached to the surface of the CNT.
- the nickel-CNT nanocomposite prepared in Preparation Example 2 and recovered from the first reactor was analyzed using FE-TEM (Talos Fe200X G2 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, US)), SEAD and EDS, and the results for this help 8.
- FIG. 9 is an XRD graph of copper-CNT nanocomposites prepared in Preparation Examples 4 to 6 and recovered from the first reactor, and FIG. 10 is prepared in Preparation Example 5 and recovered from the first to third reactors.
- 11 is an XRD graph of the CNT nanocomposite, and FIG. 11 is a graph showing FE-SEM results of the copper-CNT nanocomposite prepared in Preparation Examples 1 to 3 and recovered from the first reactor.
- the copper-CNT nanocomposite prepared in Preparation Example 5 and recovered from the first reactor was analyzed using FE-TEM (Talos Fe200X G2 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, US)), SEAD and EDS. 12.
- Electrochemical properties of the water electrolysis catalysts prepared in Examples 1 to 4 were evaluated using a 3-electrode Potentiostat/Galva-nostat (PGSTAT128N, Metrohm, Switzerland), and the equipment used is shown in FIG. 13.
- a glass carbon electrode with a diameter of 3 mm was used as the working electrode, a platinum sheet was used as the counter electrode, and Ag/AgCl/3M KCl with a double junction was used as the reference electrode.
- 1 M KOH (pH 14) was used as all electrochemical electrolytes, and a rotator rotating the working electrode at 1,600 rpm was used for all solutions to remove bubbles generated in the working electrode.
- LSV Linear sweep voltammetry
- OER oxygen evolution response
- the double layer capacitance (Cdl) to obtain the electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) is in the non-Faradic potential range of 1.1 ⁇ 1.4 V vs. While changing the scanning speed from 20 to 120 mV/s in RHE, a voltage-current (Cyclic voltammetry, CV) graph is measured and measured using the CV graph.
- LSV Linear sweep voltammetry
- the double layer capacitance (Cdl) to obtain the electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) is in the non-Faradic potential 0.4 ⁇ 0.6 V vs. While changing the scanning speed from 20 to 120 mV/s in RHE, a voltage-current (Cyclic voltammetry, CV) graph is measured and measured using the CV graph.
- FIG. 14A is a graph showing a linear scan voltage-current graph (LSV) for OER response
- FIG. 14B is a graph showing an overvoltage measurement according to LSV measurement results
- FIG. 14C is a graph showing a Tapel slope. .
- the current increase according to the voltage increase is more rapid in the case of including the Ni-CNT nanocomposite (Examples 1 and 2) than in the case of including the Cu-CNT nanocomposite (Examples 3 and 4).
- the overvoltage value is lower in the case of including the Ni-CNT nanocomposite (Examples 1 and 2) than in the case of including the Cu-CNT nanocomposite (Examples 3 and 4). there is.
- Example 2 was 0.328 V and 0.350 V, which was lower than Example 4.
- Example 2 (Ni-CNT) has a Tafel slope of 62.4 mV/dec, which is lower than 66.5 mV/dec of Example 4 (Ni-CNT).
- Figure 15a is a graph showing the results of measuring the circulating current (CV) according to the scan rate of Example 4 (Cu-CNT) in the OER reaction
- Figure 15b is a graph showing the results of Example 2 (Ni-CNT) in the OER reaction
- Figure 15c is a graph showing the results of measuring the circulating-current (CV) according to the scan speed
- FIG. 15c is a graph showing the current density difference between the highest point and the lowest point at the center voltage position in the CV measurement data graph in the OER response. It is a graph showing the changing current density difference.
- the slope of FIG. 15c is a double-layer capacitance (Cdl) value proportional to ECSA, meaning that the active surface area of the catalyst increases as the slope increases.
- Cdl double-layer capacitance
- FIG. 16A is a graph showing a linear scan voltage-current graph (LSV) for the HER response
- FIG. 16B is a graph showing the measured amount of overvoltage according to the LSV measurement result
- FIG. 16C is a graph showing the Tafel slope.
- LSV linear scan voltage-current graph
- the current increase according to the voltage increase is more rapid in the case of including the Ni-CNT nanocomposite (Examples 1 and 2) than in the case of including the Cu-CNT nanocomposite (Examples 3 and 4).
- Example 2 (Ni-CNT) showed -0.192 V and -0.228 V at 10 mA/cm 2 and 20 mA/cm 2
- Example 4 (Cu-CNT) at 10 mA/cm 2 -0.439 V, measured at -0.490 V at 20 mA/cm 2 .
- Example 2 (Ni-CNT) has a Tafel slope of 48.8 mV/dec, which is lower than 98.2 mV/dec of Example 4 (Ni-CNT).
- 17a is a graph showing the results of measuring the circulating current (CV) according to the scan rate of Example 4 (Cu-CNT) in the HER reaction
- FIG. 17B is a graph showing the results of Example 2 (Ni-CNT) in the HER reaction
- 17c is a graph showing the results of measuring the circulating-current (CV) according to the scan rate of
- FIG. 17c is a graph showing the current density difference between the highest point and the lowest point at the center voltage position in the CV measurement data graph in the HER response. It is a graph showing the changing current density difference.
- the slope of FIG. 17c is a double-layer capacitor (Cdl) value proportional to ECSA, and the larger the slope, the greater the active surface area of the catalyst. 17a to 17c, it can be confirmed that Example 2 (Ni-CNT) has a higher surface activity than Example 4 (Cu-CNT).
- Table 3 compares the OER and HER activities of catalysts prepared by chemical reduction and non-plating in the same electrolyte or at the same pH and the water electrolysis catalyst containing metal-CNT of the present disclosure.
- NP nanoparticles
- NS nanosheets
- NR nanorods
- NB nanobelts
- 3D NNCNTAs three-dimensional Ni@[Ni( 2+/3+ )Co 2 (OH) 6-7 ]x nanotube arrays
- NF nickel foam
- the process using thermal plasma of the present disclosure has the advantage of not requiring unnecessary processes such as filtration and drying.
- the Ni-CNT nanocomposite of the present disclosure has excellent OER and HER activities.
- the present disclosure uses thermal plasma to prepare a metal-CNT nanocomposite that can be used as a water electrolysis catalyst or a lithium ion battery electrode material, and to prepare a water electrolysis catalyst electrode including the same, thereby producing a method without using a wet method.
- a metal-CNT nanocomposite that can be used as a water electrolysis catalyst or a lithium ion battery electrode material
- HER hydrogen evolution reaction
- reaction tube 110 first reaction tube
- the method for manufacturing a metal-CNT nanocomposite according to the present disclosure is to prepare a metal-CNT nanocomposite that can be used as a water electrolysis catalyst or a lithium ion battery electrode material using thermal plasma, and to prepare a water electrolysis catalyst electrode including the same.
- excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) can be exhibited at the cathode or anode due to excellent overpotential, current density and surface area.
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Abstract
Description
구분 | 제조예1 (EXP 1) |
제조예2 (EXP 2) |
제조예3 (EXP 3) |
Molar ratio of Ni/CNT(니켈 : 탄소나노튜브 몰비, mol%) | 2:1 | 2:1 | 2:1 |
Flow rate of carrier gas for Ni(니켈 캐리어 가스 유량, L/min) | 5 Ar | 5 Ar | 5 Ar |
Flow rate of carrier gas for CNT(CNT 캐리어 가스 유량, L/min) | 10 Ar | 27 Ar | 50 Ar |
Feeding rate(원료 공급속도, g/min) | Ni : 0.6 CNT : 0.062 |
Ni : 0.6 CNT : 0.062 |
Ni : 0.6 CNT : 0.062 |
Flow rate of plasma forming gas (플라즈마 형성 가스 유량, L/min) | 4 Ar 8 N2 | 4 Ar 8 N2 |
4 Ar 8 N2 |
Plasma input power(플라즈마 전원, kW) | 21 | 21 | 21 |
Reactor pressure(반응기 압력, kPa) | 101.3 | 101.3 | 101.3 |
구분 | 제조예4 (EXP 4) |
제조예5 (EXP 5) |
제조예6 (EXP 6) |
Molar ratio of Cu/CNT(구리 : 탄소나노튜브 몰비, mol%) | 2 : 1 | 2 : 1 | 2 : 1 |
Flow rate of carrier gas for Cu(구리 캐리어 가스 유량, L/min) | 5 Ar | 5 Ar | 5 Ar |
Flow rate of carrier gas for CNT(CNT 캐리어 가스 유량, L/min) | 10 Ar | 27 Ar | 50 Ar |
Feeding rate(원료 공급속도, g/min) | Cu : 0.61 CNT : 0.057 |
Cu : 0.61 CNT : 0.057 |
Cu : 0.61 CNT : 0.057 |
Flow rate of plasma forming gas (플라즈마 형성 가스 유량, L/min) | 4 Ar 8 N2 | 4 Ar 8 N2 |
4 Ar 8 N2 |
Plasma input power(플라즈마 전원, kW) | 21 | 21 | 21 |
Reactor pressure(반응기 압력, kPa) | 101.3 | 101.3 | 101.3 |
물질 | 합성방법 | 전해질 | Tafel slope (mV/dec.) |
Ni-CNT nanopomposite | 열플라즈마 | 1M KOH | OER : 62.4 |
HER : 48.8 | |||
Cu-CNT nanopomposite | 열플라즈마 | 1M KOH | OER : 65.5 |
HER : 98.2 | |||
Co2B-500 | 화학적 환원 | 0.1M KOH | OER : 45 |
1M KOH | HER : 136.2 | ||
Co-Ni NP/NS | 화학적 환원 | 1M KOH | OER : 77 HER : 127 |
3D NNCNTAs | 화학적 환원 | 1M KOH | OER : 65 |
Amorphous transition metal boride | 화학적 환원 | 1M KOH | OER : 84 |
CoB/NF | 비전해도금 | 1M KOH | OER : 80HER : 96 |
β-Mo2C NP | 화학적 환원 | 1M KOH | HER : 60 |
β-Mo2C NR | 화학적 환원 | 1M KOH | HER : 66.2 |
β-Mo2C NB | 화학적 환원 | 1M KOH | HER : 49.7 |
CoFe2O4-Li NP | 화학적 환원 | 1M KOH | OER : 42.1 |
Claims (12)
- 삼중 토치형 플라즈마 제트장치에 플라즈마 형성 가스를 주입하고, 전원을 인가하여 플라즈마 제트를 발생시키는 단계;상기 플라즈마 제트에 캐리어 가스를 이용하여 금속 및 CNT를 각각 주입하고, 금속을 기화시켜 CNT에 증착시키는 단계; 및상기 금속이 증착된 CNT를 냉각하여 금속-CNT 나노 복합재를 회수하는 단계;를 포함하는, 금속-CNT 나노 복합재의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 금속 및 CNT의 몰비는 1~3:1인 것을 특징으로 하는, 금속-CNT 나노 복합재의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 금속은 구리 또는 니켈인 것을 특징으로 하는, 금속-CNT 나노 복합재의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 CNT의 직경은 1~30 nm이고, 길이는 20 ㎛이하인 것을 특징으로 하는, 금속-CNT 나노 복합재의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 금속은 3~8 L/min의 아르곤 가스와 함께 주입되고, 상기 CNT는 5~55 L/min의 아르곤 가스와 함께 주입되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 금속-CNT 나노 복합재의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 금속-CNT 나노 복합재는 상기 금속이 상기 CNT의 표면에 증착된 형태인 것을 특징으로 하는, 금속-CNT 나노 복합재의 제조방법.
- 제1항 내지 제6항 중 어느 한 항의 방법으로 제조된 금속-CNT 나노 복합재.
- 제1항 내지 제6항 중 어느 한 항의 방법으로 금속-CNT 나노 복합재를 제조하는 단계; 및상기 금속-CNT 나노 복합재를 수전해 촉매전극에 코팅하는 단계;를 포함하는, 금속-CNT 나노 복합재를 포함하는 수전해 촉매전극의 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 금속-CNT 나노 복합재를 수전해 촉매전극에 코팅하는 단계는,금속-CNT 나노 복합재가 포함된 촉매 잉크를 제조하는 단계; 및상기 촉매 잉크를 전극에 코팅하는 단계;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 금속-CNT 나노 복합재를 포함하는 수전해 촉매전극의 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 촉매 잉크를 제조하는 단계는,금속-CNT 나노 복합재, 프로판올, 탈이온수 및 나피온(Nafion)를 혼합하는 혼합물 제조 단계; 및상기 혼합물을 50~70분 동안 초음파 처리하는 단계;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 금속-CNT 나노 복합재를 포함하는 수전해 촉매전극의 제조방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 전극에 코팅된 금속-CNT 나노 복합재의 코팅양은,상기 전극 표면 cm2당 1~1.5 mg인 것을 특징으로 하는,금속-CNT 나노 복합재를 포함하는 수전해 촉매전극의 제조방법.
- 제8항 내지 제11항에 따른 제조방법으로 제조된 금속-CNT 나노 복합재를 포함하는 수전해 촉매전극.
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