WO2023054128A1 - 非水電解液、非水電解液電池、化合物及び非水電解液用添加剤 - Google Patents
非水電解液、非水電解液電池、化合物及び非水電解液用添加剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023054128A1 WO2023054128A1 PCT/JP2022/035216 JP2022035216W WO2023054128A1 WO 2023054128 A1 WO2023054128 A1 WO 2023054128A1 JP 2022035216 W JP2022035216 W JP 2022035216W WO 2023054128 A1 WO2023054128 A1 WO 2023054128A1
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- atom
- aqueous electrolyte
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- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 259
- -1 sulfone compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 100
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 71
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 55
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 48
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 44
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003302 alkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004465 cycloalkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000000 cycloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005133 alkynyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 8
- YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052789 astatine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- IFDLFCDWOFLKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IFDLFCDWOFLKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910006095 SO2F Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- ZPFAVCIQZKRBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OCCO1 ZPFAVCIQZKRBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PXTRGXMFFGBWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-propyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound CCCC1COS(=O)(=O)O1 PXTRGXMFFGBWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GWAOOGWHPITOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5,2,4-dioxadithiane 2,2,4,4-tetraoxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CS(=O)(=O)OCO1 GWAOOGWHPITOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GKFGCJGPBOCQQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentafluoro-1,3,5-triaza-2lambda5,4,6lambda5-triphosphacyclohex-5-ene Chemical compound C(C)OP1(N(P(=NPN1)(F)F)F)(F)F GKFGCJGPBOCQQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QHTJSSMHBLGUHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 QHTJSSMHBLGUHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- KNWQLFOXPQZGPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl fluoride Chemical compound CS(F)(=O)=O KNWQLFOXPQZGPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YZYKZHPNRDIPFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl) borate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OB(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C YZYKZHPNRDIPFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OQHXCCQBSGTCGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,5-oxadithiolane 2,2,5,5-tetraoxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCS(=O)(=O)O1 OQHXCCQBSGTCGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FOLJHXWWJYUOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethynyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OCC(C#C)O1 FOLJHXWWJYUOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010092 LiAlO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001559 LiC4F9SO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000552 LiCF3SO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013131 LiN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019398 NaPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M fluorosulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001547 lithium hexafluoroantimonate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001537 lithium tetrachloroaluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001545 sodium hexafluoroantimonate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001542 sodium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001495 sodium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHILTCGAOPTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound C=C[Si](C=C)(C=C)C=C UFHILTCGAOPTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MSGYRGHIEBLFLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N F[P]F Chemical compound F[P]F MSGYRGHIEBLFLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 93
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 67
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 34
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 31
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 22
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 14
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 12
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- RQIMPDXRFCFBGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(oxomethylidene)sulfamoyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)N=C=O RQIMPDXRFCFBGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 4
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 3
- 125000004778 2,2-difluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])(F)F 0.000 description 3
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- CHHOPPGAFVFXFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Li+].[O-]S(F)(=O)=O Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(F)(=O)=O CHHOPPGAFVFXFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 3
- IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-fluorosulfonylsulfamoyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)NS(F)(=O)=O KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- XCXLEIPEAAEYTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluorosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(F)(=O)=O XCXLEIPEAAEYTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006017 1-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005336 allyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DETXZQGDWUJKMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxymethanesulfonic acid Natural products OCS(O)(=O)=O DETXZQGDWUJKMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical class [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- RLQOUIUVEQXDPW-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Li+].CC(=C)C([O-])=O RLQOUIUVEQXDPW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCWYVUZDHJMHRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound [Li+].CCOS([O-])(=O)=O DCWYVUZDHJMHRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ALYPSPRNEZQACK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound [Li+].COS([O-])(=O)=O ALYPSPRNEZQACK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XSAOIFHNXYIRGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C(=O)C=C XSAOIFHNXYIRGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl methanesulfonate Chemical compound COS(C)(=O)=O MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUUBCQYRIBDKHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl prop-2-ynyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OCC#C AUUBCQYRIBDKHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- XULSCZPZVQIMFM-IPZQJPLYSA-N odevixibat Chemical compound C12=CC(SC)=C(OCC(=O)N[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC)C(O)=O)C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C=C2S(=O)(=O)NC(CCCC)(CCCC)CN1C1=CC=CC=C1 XULSCZPZVQIMFM-IPZQJPLYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCCO1 MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical group CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VXJAYNWISQFORV-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluorosulfate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]S(F)(=O)=O VXJAYNWISQFORV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WKVRKSDUCURJNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O WKVRKSDUCURJNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000006410 propenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- STBRWEWUESLURQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC(F)(F)F STBRWEWUESLURQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940047670 sodium acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004711 sodium monofluorophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001538 sodium tetrachloroaluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)C([O-])=O SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YLKTWKVVQDCJFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Na+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F YLKTWKVVQDCJFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRLOOYQHUHGIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCOS([O-])(=O)=O RRLOOYQHUHGIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DZXBHDRHRFLQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].COS([O-])(=O)=O DZXBHDRHRFLQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XGPOMXSYOKFBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F XGPOMXSYOKFBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinonitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC#N IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003459 sulfonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000319 transition metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C301/00—Esters of sulfurous acid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to non-aqueous electrolytes, non-aqueous electrolyte batteries, compounds, and additives for non-aqueous electrolytes.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte-related technologies are no exception, and various additives have been proposed to suppress deterioration due to decomposition of the non-aqueous electrolyte on the surfaces of active positive and negative electrodes.
- Patent Literature 1 describes that the inclusion of hydroxyalkylsulfonate in the negative electrode exhibits the effects of improving cycle characteristics and suppressing gas generation at high temperatures.
- Patent Literature 2 discloses a non-aqueous electrolyte for lithium batteries in which gas generation and self-discharge reaction during high-temperature storage are suppressed by adding a hydroxyalkylsulfonic acid and a sulfonic acid ester in combination.
- Patent Document 3 describes that by adding a sulfonic acid having a urethane bond and a polymerizable unsaturated bond to an electrolytic solution, excellent output characteristics and long-term cycle characteristics can be obtained, and an effect of suppressing electrode resistance can be obtained. ing.
- the present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte and a non-aqueous electrolyte battery that can improve high-temperature cycle characteristics and suppress an increase in battery resistance. and Another object of the present invention is to provide a compound and an additive for a non-aqueous electrolyte that can be suitably used in the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- component (I) a compound represented by the general formula (1) described later (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “component (I)”).
- component (II) a solute (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “component (II)”)
- component (III) a non-aqueous organic solvent
- the present inventors have found that a non-aqueous electrolyte battery having improved high-temperature cycle characteristics and excellent suppression of resistance increase can be obtained by using a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, and the above problems have been solved.
- A is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a branched alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or 3 to 8 carbon atoms represents an organic group selected from the group consisting of At least one hydrogen atom in the organic group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, and an oxygen atom may be present in the organic group.
- B represents an oxygen atom or NR a
- R a is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms
- At least one hydrogen atom in the organic group may be substituted with a halogen atom.
- M 1 and M 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a metal cation, or an onium cation.
- R b to R d each independently represent a fluorine atom or a carbon atom number of 1 to 10 alkyl groups, alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkynyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms , an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkynyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and a number of carbon atoms.
- n is an integer of 1-4.
- solute is from LiPF6 , LiBF4 , LiSbF6 , LiAsF6 , LiClO4 , LiCF3SO3 , LiC4F9SO3 , LiN( SO2F ) 2 , LiAlO2 , LiAlCl4 , LiCl, and LiI at least one selected from the group consisting of NaPF6 , NaBF4 , NaSbF6, NaAsF6 , NaClO4 , NaCF3SO3 , NaC4F9SO3 , NaN( SO2F ) 2, NaAlO2 , NaAlCl 4.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte according to any one of [1] to [3], which is at least one selected from the group consisting of NaCl and NaI. [5] [1] to [4], wherein the nonaqueous organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of cyclic esters, chain esters, cyclic ethers, chain ethers, sulfone compounds, sulfoxide compounds, and ionic liquids.
- the non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to any one.
- the chain carbonate is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, and methyl propyl carbonate.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte battery comprising at least a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and the non-aqueous electrolyte according to any one of [1] to [11].
- a compound represented by the following general formula (1) [13] A compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- A is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a branched alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or 3 to 8 carbon atoms represents an organic group selected from the group consisting of At least one hydrogen atom in the organic group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, and an oxygen atom may be present in the organic group.
- B represents an oxygen atom or NR a
- R a is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms
- At least one hydrogen atom in the organic group may be substituted with a halogen atom.
- M 1 and M 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a metal cation, or an onium cation.
- R b to R d each independently represent a fluorine atom or a carbon atom number of 1 to 10 alkyl groups, alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkynyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms , an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkynyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and a number of carbon atoms.
- a in the general formula (1) represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- An additive for a non-aqueous electrolyte represented by the following general formula (1).
- A is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a branched alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or 3 to 8 carbon atoms represents an organic group selected from the group consisting of At least one hydrogen atom in the organic group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, and an oxygen atom may be present in the organic group.
- B represents an oxygen atom or NR a
- R a is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms
- At least one hydrogen atom in the organic group may be substituted with a halogen atom.
- M 1 and M 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a metal cation, or an onium cation.
- R b to R d each independently represent a fluorine atom or a carbon atom number of 1 to 10 alkyl groups, alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkynyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms , an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkynyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and a number of carbon atoms.
- n is an integer of 1-4.
- non-aqueous electrolyte and a non-aqueous electrolyte battery capable of improving high-temperature cycle characteristics and suppressing an increase in battery resistance.
- a compound and an additive for a non-aqueous electrolyte that can be suitably used in the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure is a non-aqueous electrolyte containing (I) the compound represented by the general formula (1), (II) a solute, and (III) a non-aqueous organic solvent.
- the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of the present disclosure contains a compound represented by general formula (1), which is component (I).
- component (I) When a non-aqueous electrolyte containing component (I) is used in a non-aqueous electrolyte battery (for example, a lithium ion secondary battery or a sodium ion secondary battery), component (I) is present at least on either the positive electrode or the negative electrode. It decomposes to form a film with good cation conductivity on at least one of the surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. It is believed that this film suppresses direct contact between the non-aqueous organic solvent or solute and the electrode active material, and lowers the cation dissociation energy of the solute. As a result, the present inventors presume that the high-temperature cycle characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery are improved, and an effect of suppressing an increase in resistance of the battery is exhibited.
- A is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a branched alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or 3 to 8 carbon atoms represents an organic group selected from the group consisting of At least one hydrogen atom in the organic group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, and an oxygen atom may be present in the organic group.
- B represents an oxygen atom or NR a
- R a is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms
- At least one hydrogen atom in the organic group may be substituted with a halogen atom.
- M 1 and M 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a metal cation, or an onium cation.
- R b to R d each independently represent a fluorine atom or a carbon atom number of 1 to 10 alkyl groups, alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkynyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms , an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkynyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and a number of carbon atoms.
- n is an integer of 1-4.
- A is a straight chain having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a branched alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and a straight chain having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or 3 to 8 carbon atoms represents an organic group selected from the group consisting of branched alkenylene groups.
- A represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- A represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- A represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- A represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- A represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- alkylene group a linear alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a branched alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable.
- A represents a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or a branched alkenylene group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms
- A represents a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or a branched alkenylene group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms
- vinylene group propenylene group, 1-butenylene group, and 2-butenylene group.
- butadienylene group pentenylene group, hexenylene group, heptenylene group, octenylene group and the like.
- alkenylene group a linear alkenylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a branched alkenylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable.
- Any hydrogen atom of the above organic group represented by A may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- An oxygen atom may also be present in the organic group.
- an oxygen atom may be included between carbon atom-carbon atom bonds in the organic group.
- Specific examples of the case where an oxygen atom is included between the carbon atom-carbon atom bonds in the organic group include, for example, -CH 2 CH 2 -O-CH 2 - group, -CH 2 CH 2 -O- A CH 2 CH 2 — group and the like are included.
- A is preferably a straight chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a branched alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and an unsubstituted straight chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or 2 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferably a branched alkylene group of, more preferably a methylene group, a methylmethylene group, an ethylene group, an n-propylene group, or an i-propylene group.
- B represents an oxygen atom or NR a
- R a is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and 2 carbon atoms.
- an organic group selected from the group consisting of an alkynyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms; show.
- R a is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- the alkyl group includes methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, isobutyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-octyl group, n-decanyl group and the like.
- R a is an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms
- the alkenyl group includes a vinyl group, allyl group, 1-propenyl group, isopropenyl group, 2-butenyl group, 1,3-butadienyl group, and the like. is mentioned.
- R a is an alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms
- the alkynyl group includes an ethynyl group, a 2-propynyl group, a 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl group and the like.
- R a is a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms
- examples of the cycloalkyl group include a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group.
- examples of the cycloalkenyl group include a cyclopentenyl group and a cyclohexenyl group.
- R a is an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms
- the aryl group includes a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group and the like.
- At least one of the arbitrary hydrogen atoms in the organic group may be substituted with a halogen atom.
- the halogen atom includes a fluorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, and the like, preferably a fluorine atom.
- R a is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group or an isopropyl group, even more preferably a methyl group.
- B is preferably an oxygen atom, NH, N(CH 3 ), N(CH 2 CH 3 ), or N(CH(CH 3 ) 2 ), more preferably an oxygen atom or N(CH 3 ); It is preferably an oxygen atom, more preferably an oxygen atom.
- M1 and M2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a metal cation, or an onium cation.
- M1 and M2 represent a metal cation or an onium cation
- the bond between the oxygen atom and M1 and the bond between the nitrogen atom and M2 in general formula (1) represent ionic bonds.
- Examples of metal cations when M 1 and M 2 represent metal cations include alkali metal cations such as lithium ions, sodium ions, and potassium ions.
- Examples of onium cations when M 1 and M 2 represent onium cations include tetraalkylammonium ions.
- M 1 preferably represents a metal cation, more preferably a lithium ion when used for lithium ion batteries, and more preferably a sodium ion when used for sodium ion batteries.
- M 2 preferably represents a hydrogen atom or a metal cation, more preferably a lithium ion when used for lithium ion batteries, and more preferably a sodium ion when used for sodium ion batteries. preferable.
- R b to R d are each independently a fluorine atom, or , an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R b to R d represent an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- a cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms include an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a is an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and a cycloalkenyl group having 6 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the examples described in 10 aryl groups are mentioned.
- R b to R d represent an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- examples of the alkyl group contained in the alkoxy group include alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R b to R d . be done.
- R b to R d represent an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms
- the alkenyl group contained in the alkenyloxy group is an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R b to R d . is mentioned.
- R b to R d represent an alkynyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms
- the alkynyl group contained in the alkynyloxy group is an alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R b to R d .
- R b to R d represent a cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms
- the cycloalkyl group contained in the cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R b to R d is a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- An alkyl group is mentioned.
- R b to R d represent a cycloalkenyloxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms
- the cycloalkenyl group contained in the cycloalkenyloxy group has 3 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R b to R d .
- a cycloalkenyl group of When R b to R d represent an aryloxy group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, the aryl group contained in the aryloxy group has 6 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R b to R d . is mentioned.
- Any hydrogen atom of the above organic groups represented by R b to R d may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- An oxygen atom may also be present in the organic group.
- an oxygen atom may be included between carbon atom-carbon atom bonds in the organic group.
- Specific examples of the case where an oxygen atom is included between the carbon atom-carbon atom bonds in the organic group include, for example, -CH 2 CH 2 -O-CH 3 group, -CH 2 CH 2 -O-CH 2 CH 3 group and the like.
- Rc and Rd may be combined to form a cyclic structure.
- the cyclic structure formed by R c and R d together with a phosphorus atom is preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring, more preferably a 5-membered ring.
- R b is a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or It preferably represents 2 to 3 alkenyloxy groups, more preferably a fluorine atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a methoxy group, or an allyloxy group, and still more preferably a fluorine atom.
- R c and R d each independently represent a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms is preferably an alkoxy group of, more preferably a fluorine atom or an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and even more preferably a fluorine atom or a methoxy group. It is also preferred that R c and R d represent an alkoxy group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms and combine to form a 5- or 6-membered ring together with the phosphorus atom.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2.
- A, B, X, M 1 and M 2 have the same meanings as A, B, X, M 1 and M 2 in general formula (1).
- the content of the component (I) (hereinafter also referred to as “concentration of (I)”) with respect to the total amount (100% by mass) of the non-aqueous electrolyte solution has a lower limit of 0. It is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and still more preferably 0.1% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the concentration of (I) is preferably 10.0% by mass or less, more preferably 5.0% by mass or less, still more preferably 4.0% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 2. It is 5% by mass or less.
- the content of component (I) is preferably 0.01 to 5.0% by mass with respect to the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- one type of compound may be used alone, or two or more types of compounds may be mixed in any combination and ratio according to the application. .
- the compound represented by general formula (1) can be produced by various methods.
- the manufacturing method is not particularly limited. For example, it can be obtained by reacting 2-hydroxyethanesulfonate or hydroxymethanesulfonate with fluorosulfonyl isocyanate, followed by reaction with lithium hydride.
- the present disclosure also relates to compounds represented by the general formula (1).
- the above compound is suitably used as an additive in a non-aqueous electrolyte. That is, the present disclosure also relates to the additive for non-aqueous electrolyte represented by the general formula (1).
- the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure contains a solute.
- the solute is not particularly limited, it is preferably an ionic salt, more preferably an ionic salt containing fluorine.
- the solute for example, at least one cation selected from the group consisting of alkali metal ions such as lithium ions and sodium ions, alkaline earth metal ions, and quaternary ammonium ions, hexafluorophosphate anion, tetrafluoro Borate anion, perchlorate anion, hexafluoroarsenate anion, hexafluoroantimonate anion, trifluoromethanesulfonate anion, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion, bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide anion, (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ) (pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide anion, bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion, (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion, (po
- the solute consists of LiPF6 , LiBF4 , LiSbF6 , LiAsF6 , LiClO4 , LiCF3SO3 , LiC4F9SO3 , LiN( SO2F ) 2 , LiAlO2 , LiAlCl4 , LiCl , and LiI at least one selected from the group , or NaPF6 , NaBF4 , NaSbF6, NaAsF6 , NaClO4 , NaCF3SO3 , NaC4F9SO3 , NaN( SO2F ) 2, NaAlO2 , NaAlCl4 , NaCl, and NaI.
- the cation is at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and quaternary ammonium, and the anion is hexafluoro.
- the anion is hexafluoro.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of phosphate anions, tetrafluoroborate anions, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anions, and bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anions is preferred.
- the total amount of solutes in the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of the present disclosure (hereinafter also referred to as “solute concentration”) is not particularly limited, but the lower limit is preferably 0.5 mol/L or more, more preferably 0.7 mol/L. L or more, more preferably 0.9 mol/L or more. Also, the upper limit of the solute concentration is preferably 5.0 mol/L or less, more preferably 4.0 mol/L or less, and still more preferably 2.0 mol/L or less.
- the solute concentration By setting the solute concentration to 0.5 mol/L or more, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the cycle characteristics and output characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery due to the decrease in ionic conductivity. It is possible to suppress the decrease in ionic conductivity, the cycle characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery, and the output characteristics due to an increase in the viscosity of the electrolyte.
- Non-aqueous organic solvent used in the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure is not particularly limited, and any non-aqueous organic solvent can be used.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of cyclic esters, chain esters, cyclic ethers, chain ethers, sulfone compounds, sulfoxide compounds, and ionic liquids.
- EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- methyl propyl carbonate ethyl propyl carbonate
- ethyl propyl carbonate methyl butyl carbonate
- 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methyl carbonate 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ethyl carbonate
- 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl propyl carbonate bis(2,2,2 -trifluoroethyl) carbonate, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propylmethyl carbonate, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propylethyl carbonate, 1 , 1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propylpropyl carbonate, bis(1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propylpropyl)
- the non-aqueous organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of cyclic esters and chain esters from the viewpoint of excellent input/output characteristics at low temperatures. Moreover, it is preferable that the non-aqueous organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of cyclic carbonates and chain carbonates from the viewpoint of excellent cycle characteristics at high temperatures.
- the nonaqueous organic solvent contains a cyclic ester, and the cyclic ester is a cyclic carbonate.
- the cyclic carbonate include EC, PC, butylene carbonate, FEC, etc. Among them, at least one selected from the group consisting of EC, PC, and FEC is preferable.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent contains a chain ester, and the chain ester is a chain carbonate.
- the chain carbonate include EMC, DMC, DEC, methylpropyl carbonate, ethylpropyl carbonate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylmethyl carbonate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylethyl carbonate, 1,1 , 1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propylmethyl carbonate and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propylethyl carbonate, among which EMC, DMC, DEC , and methyl propyl carbonate.
- esters include methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, methyl 2-fluoropropionate, and ethyl 2-fluoropropionate.
- Additive components generally used in the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure may be further added at any ratio as long as they do not impair the gist of the present disclosure.
- Specific examples of other additives include cyclohexylbenzene, cyclohexylfluorobenzene, fluorobenzene, biphenyl, difluoroanisole, tert-butylbenzene, tert-amylbenzene, 2-fluorotoluene, 2-fluorobiphenyl, vinylene carbonate, and dimethylvinylene.
- non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure includes vinylene carbonate, bis(oxalato)borate, difluorooxalatoborate, difluorobis(oxalato)phosphate, tetrafluorooxalatophosphate, (difluorophosphoryl) (fluorosulfonyl) imide salts, difluorophosphates, fluorosulfonates, 1,3-propenesultone, 1,3-propanesultone, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane, ethynylethylene carbonate, 1,3,2- Dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide, 4-propyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide, methylene methanedisulfonate, 1,2-ethanedisulfonic anhydride, methanesulfonyl fluoride, tris(trimethylsilyl) Borate
- the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of the present disclosure may contain a compound represented by the following general formula (3) as another additive.
- R 6 to R 8 each independently represent a fluorine atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, 10 linear or branched alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, carbon alkynyloxy group having 2 to 10 atoms, cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, an organic group selected from a cycloalkenyloxy group, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and an aryloxy group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, in which
- R 6 to R 8 are all fluorine atoms.
- At least one of R 6 to R 8 may be a fluorine atom, and at least one of R 6 to R 8 may contain a fluorine atom.
- a compound selected from hydrocarbon groups having 6 or less carbon atoms is preferred.
- At least one of R 6 to R 8 is a fluorine atom, and at least one of R 6 to R 8 is a methyl group, a methoxy group, an ethyl group, ethoxy group, propyl group, propoxy group, vinyl group, allyl group, allyloxy group, ethynyl group, 2-propynyl group, 2-propynyloxy group, phenyl group, phenyloxy group, 2,2-difluoroethyl group, 2 , 2-difluoroethyloxy group, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyloxy group, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl group, 2,2,3, A compound selected from a 3-tetrafluoropropyloxy group, a 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyloxy group, and a
- the counter cation M m+ of the salt having the imide anion represented by the general formula (3) is preferably selected from the group consisting of lithium ion, sodium ion, potassium ion and tetraalkylammonium ion.
- the alkyl group and alkoxy group represented by R 6 to R 8 include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, sec-butyl group, tertiary butyl group, pentyl group, 2,2-difluoroethyl group, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl group, and 1,1,1,3,3,3 Examples include alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as -hexafluoroisopropyl group, fluorine-containing alkyl groups, and alkoxy groups derived from these groups.
- the alkenyl group and alkenyloxy group include alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as vinyl group, allyl group, 1-propenyl group, isopropenyl group, 2-butenyl group, and 1,3-butadienyl group. Examples include fluorine alkenyl groups and alkenyloxy groups derived from these groups.
- alkynyl group and alkynyloxy group include alkynyl groups and fluorine-containing alkynyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as ethynyl group, 2-propynyl group and 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl group, and these groups. and alkynyloxy groups derived from
- Cycloalkyl groups and cycloalkoxy groups include cycloalkyl groups and fluorine-containing cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms such as cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl groups, and cycloalkoxy groups derived from these groups. .
- the cycloalkenyl group and cycloalkenyloxy group include cycloalkenyl groups and fluorine-containing cycloalkenyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms such as cyclopentenyl group and cyclohexenyl group, and cycloalkenyloxy groups derived from these groups. groups.
- Aryl groups and aryloxy groups include aryl groups and fluorine-containing aryl groups having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as phenyl, tolyl, and xylyl groups, and aryloxy groups derived from these groups. .
- the content of the other additive in the nonaqueous electrolyte is preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of the nonaqueous electrolyte.
- the negative electrode film can be used as “other additives”. Formation effect and positive electrode protection effect can be exhibited.
- the content in the non-aqueous electrolyte is preferably 0.01% by mass to 5.0% by mass.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte battery is a lithium ion battery
- the non-aqueous electrolyte battery is a sodium ion battery
- Alkali metal salts other than the above solutes may also be used as additives.
- Specific examples include carboxylates such as lithium acrylate, sodium acrylate, lithium methacrylate, and sodium methacrylate, and sulfate ester salts such as lithium methyl sulfate, sodium methyl sulfate, lithium ethyl sulfate, and sodium ethyl sulfate. .
- the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure includes vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, lithium bis(oxalato)borate, lithium difluorooxalatoborate, lithium difluorobis(oxalato)phosphate, lithium tetrafluorooxalatophosphate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium (difluorophosphoryl)(fluorosulfonyl)imide , lithium difluorophosphate, lithium fluorosulfonate, 1,3-propenesultone, 1,3-propanesultone, 1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide, and 4-propyl-1,3,2- At least one selected from dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxides is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01 to 5.0% by mass based on the total amount of the non-aqueous
- nonaqueous electrolyte battery is a sodium ion battery
- non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure can also contain a polymer, and the non-aqueous electrolyte is pseudo-solidified with a gelling agent or a cross-linked polymer as in the case of using a non-aqueous electrolyte battery called a polymer battery. It is also possible to use Polymer solid electrolytes also include those containing non-aqueous organic solvents as plasticizers.
- the polymer is not particularly limited as long as it is an aprotic polymer capable of dissolving the compound represented by the general formula (1), the solute and the other additives.
- examples thereof include polymers having polyethylene oxide as a main chain or side chain, homopolymers or copolymers of polyvinylidene fluoride, methacrylic acid ester polymers, polyacrylonitrile, and the like.
- an aprotic non-aqueous organic solvent is preferred among the above non-aqueous organic solvents.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte battery of the present disclosure includes at least the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure, a negative electrode, and a positive electrode. Furthermore, it is preferable to include a separator, an outer package, and the like.
- the negative electrode is not particularly limited, it is preferable to use a material capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating alkali metal ions such as lithium ions and sodium ions, or alkaline earth metal ions.
- the negative electrode active material constituting the negative electrode is capable of doping and dedoping lithium ions, for example, the lattice plane (002 plane) in X-ray diffraction carbon materials with a d value of 0.340 nm or less, carbon materials with a lattice plane (002 plane) d value exceeding 0.340 nm in X-ray diffraction, and oxides of one or more metals selected from Si, Sn, and Al , Si, Sn, and Al, alloys containing these metals, alloys of these metals or alloys with lithium, and lithium titanium oxides.
- One of these negative electrode active materials can be used alone, or two or more of them can be used in combination. Lithium metal, metal nitrides, tin compounds, conductive polymers, and the like may also be used.
- the negative electrode active material constituting the negative electrode includes sodium metal, alloys of sodium metal and other metals such as tin, intermetallic compounds, and hard carbon.
- Various carbon materials, metal oxides such as titanium oxide, metal nitrides, tin (elementary substance), tin compounds, activated carbon, conductive polymers, and the like are used.
- phosphorus such as red phosphorus and black phosphorus
- phosphorus compounds such as Co-P, Cu-P, Sn-P, Ge-P, Mo-P, antimony (single substance), Sb/C , Bi--Sb and other antimony compounds are used.
- phosphorus compounds such as Co-P, Cu-P, Sn-P, Ge-P, Mo-P, antimony (single substance), Sb/C , Bi--Sb and other antimony compounds are used.
- One type of these negative electrode active materials may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the positive electrode is not particularly limited, it is preferable to use a material capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating alkali metal ions such as lithium ions and sodium ions, or alkaline earth metal ions.
- the positive electrode material when the cation is lithium, includes lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides such as LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMnO 2 and LiMn 2 O 4 , and the lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides Co, Mn, Ni, and the like. , LiFePO4 , LiCoPO4, LiMnPO4 , etc. called olivine, in which a part of the transition metals of these lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides is replaced with other metals other than transition metals.
- lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides such as LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMnO 2 and LiMn 2 O 4
- the lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides Co, Mn, Ni, and the like LiFePO4 , LiCoPO4, LiMnPO4 , etc. called olivine, in which a part of the transition metals of these lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides is replaced with other metals other than transition metals.
- transition metal phosphate compounds oxides such as TiO 2 , V 2 O 5 and MoO 3 , sulfides such as TiS 2 and FeS, or conductive polymers such as polyacetylene, polyparaphenylene, polyaniline, and polypyrrole, Activated carbon, radical-generating polymers, carbon materials, and the like are used.
- positive electrode materials include NaCrO 2 , NaFe 0.5 Co 0.5 O 2 , NaFe 0.4 Mn 0.3 Ni 0.3 O 2 , NaNi 0.5 Ti0.3Mn0.2O2 , NaNi1 / 3Ti1 / 3Mn1 / 3O2 , NaNi0.33Ti0.33Mn0.16Mg0.17O2 , Na2 / 3Ni Sodium-containing transition metal composite oxides such as 1/3 Ti 1/6 Mn 1/2 O 2 and Na 2/3 Ni 1/3 Mn 2/3 O 2 , Co of these sodium-containing transition metal composite oxides, A mixture of a plurality of transition metals such as Mn and Ni, a sodium-containing transition metal composite oxide in which a part of the transition metal is substituted with a metal other than a transition metal, NaFePO 4 , NaVPO 4 F, Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , Na 2 Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and other poly
- Acetylene black, ketjen black, carbon fiber, or graphite as a conductive material and polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, or SBR resin as a binder are added to the positive electrode and negative electrode materials, and further formed into a sheet.
- a molded electrode sheet can be used.
- Nonwoven fabrics and porous sheets made of polypropylene, polyethylene, paper, glass fiber, etc. are used as separators to prevent contact between the positive and negative electrodes.
- a coin-shaped, cylindrical, rectangular, or aluminum laminate sheet-shaped electrochemical device is assembled from the above elements.
- a-1(Na) to a-5(Na) were obtained by subjecting the above compounds (a-1) to (a-5) to a cation exchange reaction, respectively.
- Compounds a-1 (Na) to a-5 (Na) can also be obtained by using sodium hydroxyalkanesulfonate corresponding to each starting material, reacting with fluorosulfonyl isocyanate, and neutralizing with sodium hydride. .
- Example 1-1 Liquid 1-1 was prepared.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 1-2 to 1-1 were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solution 1-1, except that the type and content of component (I) (or comparative compound) were changed as shown in Table 1. -15, and comparative non-aqueous electrolytes 1-2 and 1-3.
- Compound (X) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (product code H0597).
- Compound (Y) was synthesized by a method similar to that disclosed in WO2014/073378.
- Examples 2-1 to 2-3, Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3> Preparation of nonaqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 to 2-3 and comparative nonaqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 to 2-3
- vinylene carbonate (VC) was added to the concentration shown in Table 2 and dissolved.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 to 2-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 to 2-3 were obtained in the same manner as in the preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 1-1 to 1-3.
- Examples 3-1 to 3-3, Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3> (Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 3-1 to 3-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 3-1 to 3-3)
- Non-aqueous electrolytes 2-1 to 2-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolytes 2-1 to 2-3 were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of non-aqueous electrolytes 2-1 to 2-3, except that VC was changed to lithium bis(oxalato)borate (BOB).
- Aqueous electrolyte solutions 3-1 to 3-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 3-1 to 3-3 were obtained, respectively.
- Examples 4-1 to 4-3 Comparative Examples 4-1 to 4-3> (Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 4-1 to 4-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 4-1 to 4-3)
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 to 2-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 to 2-3 were prepared in the same manner, except that VC was changed to lithium difluorobis(oxalato)phosphate (DFBOP).
- DFBOP lithium difluorobis(oxalato)phosphate
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 4-1 to 4-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 4-1 to 4-3 were obtained, respectively.
- Examples 5-1 to 5-3, Comparative Examples 5-1 to 5-3> (Preparation of nonaqueous electrolyte solutions 5-1 to 5-3 and comparative nonaqueous electrolyte solutions 5-1 to 5-3)
- Non-aqueous electrolytes 2-1 to 2-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolytes 2-1 to 2-3 were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of non-aqueous electrolytes 2-1 to 2-3, except that VC was changed to lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate (TFOP).
- TFOP lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate
- Examples 6-1 to 6-3, Comparative Examples 6-1 to 6-3> (Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 6-1 to 6-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 6-1 to 6-3)
- Non-aqueous electrolytes 2-1 to 2-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolytes 2-1 to 2-3 were prepared in the same manner, except that VC was changed to bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide lithium (FSI).
- FSI bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide lithium
- Aqueous electrolyte solutions 6-1 to 6-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 6-1 to 6-3 were obtained, respectively.
- Examples 7-1 to 7-3, Comparative Examples 7-1 to 7-3> (Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 7-1 to 7-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 7-1 to 7-3)
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 to 2-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 to 2-3, except that VC was changed to lithium difluorophosphate (DFP).
- DFP lithium difluorophosphate
- Examples 8-1 to 8-3 Comparative Examples 8-1 to 8-3> (Preparation of nonaqueous electrolyte solutions 8-1 to 8-3 and comparative nonaqueous electrolyte solutions 8-1 to 8-3)
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions were prepared in the same manner as Non-aqueous Electrolyte Solutions 2-1 to 2-3 and Comparative Non-aqueous Electrolyte Solutions 2-1 to 2-3, except that VC was changed to lithium fluorosulfonate (FS).
- FS lithium fluorosulfonate
- Example 17-1 A non-aqueous electrolyte 9-1 was prepared.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 9-2 to 9-9 were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solution 9-1, except that the type and content of component (I) (or comparative compound) were changed as shown in Table 17. -15, and comparative nonaqueous electrolytes 9-1 and 9-2.
- Examples 18-1 to 18-3, Comparative Examples 18-1 to 18-2> Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 10-1 to 10-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 10-1 to 10-2) Furthermore, as other additives, non-aqueous electrolytes 9-1, 9-3, and 9-5, comparative non-aqueous electrolytes, except that VC was added to the concentration shown in Table 18 and dissolved.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 10-1 to 10-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 10-1 to 10-2 were obtained in the same manner as in 9-1 to 9-2.
- Examples 19-1 to 19-3, Comparative Examples 19-1 to 19-2> (Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 11-1 to 11-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 11-1 to 11-2)
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 11-1 to 11-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 11-1 to 11-2 were obtained in the same manner as preparation of 10-1 to 10-2.
- Examples 20-1 to 20-3, Comparative Examples 20-1 to 20-2> (Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 12-1 to 12-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 12-1 to 12-2)
- TFOP-Na sodium tetrafluorooxalaphosphate
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 12-1 to 12-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 12-1 to 12-2 were obtained in the same manner as in the preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 10-1 to 10-2.
- Examples 21-1 to 21-3, Comparative Examples 21-1 to 21-2> (Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 13-1 to 13-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 13-1 to 13-2)
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 13-1 to 13-3 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 13-1 to 13-2 were obtained in the same manner as in the preparation of solutions 10-1 to 10-2.
- component (I) represents the concentration with respect to the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolyte. Also, the content of other additives represents the concentration with respect to the total amount of the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Lithium ion battery positive electrode preparation of NCM622 positive electrode
- NCM622 positive electrode 90% by mass of LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 as a positive electrode active material, 5% by mass of acetylene black as a conductive agent, and 5% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a binder.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as a solvent is added so as to be 55% by mass with respect to the total mass of the positive electrode active material, the conductive agent, and the binder
- a slurry solution was prepared. This slurry solution was applied onto an aluminum foil as a positive electrode current collector and dried at 150° C. for 12 hours to obtain an NCM622 positive electrode for testing in which a positive electrode active material layer was formed on the current collector.
- Lithium ion battery positive electrode preparation of NCM811 positive electrode
- LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 a positive electrode active material
- acetylene black a conductive agent
- PVDF a binder
- N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as a solvent was added so as to be 55% by mass with respect to the total mass of the positive electrode active material, conductive agent, and binder to prepare a slurry solution.
- This slurry solution was applied onto an aluminum foil as a positive electrode current collector and dried at 150° C. for 12 hours to obtain an NCM811 positive electrode for testing in which a positive electrode active material layer was formed on the current collector.
- Sodium ion battery positive electrode preparation of NaNi 0.5 Ti 0.3 Mn 0.2 O 2 positive electrode
- 90% by mass of NaNi 0.5 Ti 0.3 Mn 0.2 O 2 as a positive electrode active material, 5% by mass of acetylene black as a conductive agent, and 5% by mass of PVDF as a binder are mixed, and A slurry solution was prepared by adding N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as a solvent to 50% by mass with respect to the total mass of the positive electrode active material, conductive agent, and binder.
- This slurry solution was applied onto an aluminum foil as a positive electrode current collector and dried at 150 ° C. for 12 hours to form a positive electrode active material layer on the current collector .
- a 3Mn0.2O2 positive electrode was obtained.
- NCM811 was used as the positive electrode and silicon-containing graphite was used as the negative electrode to prepare non-aqueous electrolyte batteries (lithium ion batteries) in the same manner.
- the non-aqueous electrolytes listed in Tables 9 to 16 were used. Also, Examples 17-1 to 17-10, Comparative Examples 17-1 to 17-2, Examples 18-1 to 18-3, Comparative Examples 18-1 to 18-2, Examples 19-1 to 19- 3, Comparative Examples 19-1 to 19-2, Examples 20-1 to 20-3, Comparative Examples 20-1 to 20-2, Examples 21-1 to 21-3, Comparative Examples 21-1 to 21- 2, a NaNi 0.5 Ti 0.3 Mn 0.2 O 2 positive electrode was used as the positive electrode, and a hard carbon negative electrode was used as the negative electrode to fabricate a non-aqueous electrolyte battery (sodium ion battery) in the same manner. As the non-aqueous electrolyte, those listed in Tables 17 to 21 were used.
- discharge capacity retention rate after high temperature cycle represented by the discharge capacity retention rate at the 700th cycle was determined by the following formula.
- the discharge capacity at the first cycle in the charge/discharge test at an environmental temperature of 60° C. was defined as the initial discharge capacity.
- Discharge capacity retention rate after high temperature cycle (%) (discharge capacity at 700th cycle/initial discharge capacity) x 100
- the non-aqueous electrolyte battery using the non-aqueous electrolyte containing the component (I) of the present disclosure has excellent high-temperature cycle characteristics and can suppress an increase in battery resistance.
- non-aqueous electrolyte and a non-aqueous electrolyte battery capable of improving high-temperature cycle characteristics and suppressing an increase in battery resistance.
- a compound and an additive for a non-aqueous electrolyte that can be suitably used in the non-aqueous electrolyte.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献2には、ヒドロキシアルキルスルホン酸とスルホン酸エステルとを併用添加することで、高温保存時のガス発生及び自己放電反応が抑制されたリチウム電池用非水電解液が開示されている。
さらに、特許文献3では、ウレタン結合と重合性不飽和結合とを有するスルホン酸を電解液へ添加することで、出力特性と長期サイクル特性に優れ、電極抵抗の抑制効果が得られることが記載されている。
(I)下記一般式(1)で表される化合物、
(II)溶質、及び
(III)非水有機溶媒
を含有する非水電解液。
Aは、炭素原子数1~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~8の分岐状のアルキレン基、及び炭素原子数2~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数3~8の分岐状のアルケニレン基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子が存在することもできる。
Bは酸素原子又はNRaを表し、Raは水素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい。
M1及びM2はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、金属カチオン、又はオニウムカチオンを表す。M1及びM2が金属カチオン又はオニウムカチオンを表す場合、一般式(1)中の酸素原子とM1との結合、及び窒素原子とM2との結合はイオン結合を表す。
Xは、-S(=O)2-Rb、又は-P(=O)-RcRdを表し、Rb~Rdはそれぞれ独立に、フッ素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数が1~10のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニルオキシ基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリールオキシ基からなる群から選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子及び不飽和結合の少なくとも1つが存在することもできる。また、RcとRdは結合し環状構造を有することもできる。
nは、1~4の整数である。]
[2]
前記一般式(1)中のXが-S(=O)2-Rbを表し、前記Rbがフッ素原子を表す、[1]に記載の非水電解液。
[3]
前記一般式(1)中のAが、炭素原子数1~4の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~4の分岐状のアルキレン基を表す、[1]又は[2]に記載の非水電解液。
[4]
前記溶質が、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiSbF6、LiAsF6、LiClO4、LiCF3SO3、LiC4F9SO3、LiN(SO2F)2、LiAlO2、LiAlCl4、LiCl、及びLiIからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つ、又は、NaPF6、NaBF4、NaSbF6、NaAsF6、NaClO4、NaCF3SO3、NaC4F9SO3、NaN(SO2F)2、NaAlO2、NaAlCl4、NaCl、及びNaIからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つである、[1]~[3]のいずれか1つに記載の非水電解液。
[5]
前記非水有機溶媒が、環状エステル、鎖状エステル、環状エーテル、鎖状エーテル、スルホン化合物、スルホキシド化合物、及びイオン液体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つである、[1]~[4]のいずれか1つに記載の非水電解液。
[6]
前記非水有機溶媒が環状エステルを含み、前記環状エステルが、環状カーボネートである、[5]に記載の非水電解液。
[7]
前記環状カーボネートが、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、及びフルオロエチレンカーボネートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、[6]に記載の非水電解液。
[8]
前記非水有機溶媒が鎖状エステルを含み、前記鎖状エステルが、鎖状カーボネートである、[5]に記載の非水電解液。
[9]
前記鎖状カーボネートが、エチルメチルカーボネート、ジメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、及びメチルプロピルカーボネートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、[8]に記載の非水電解液。
[10]
前記非水電解液の総量に対する、前記(I)の含有量が0.01~5.0質量%である、[1]~[9]のいずれか1つに記載の非水電解液。
[11]
更に、ビニレンカーボネート、ビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸塩、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸塩、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸塩、テトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸塩、(ジフルオロホスホリル)(フルオロスルホニル)イミド塩、ジフルオロリン酸塩、フルオロスルホン酸塩、1,3-プロペンスルトン、1,3-プロパンスルトン、1,6-ジイソシアナトヘキサン、エチニルエチレンカーボネート、1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、4-プロピル-1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、メチレンメタンジスルホネート、1,2-エタンジスルホン酸無水物、メタンスルホニルフルオリド、トリス(トリメチルシリル)ボレート、(エトキシ)ペンタフルオロシクロトリホスファゼン、テトラフルオロ(マロナト)リン酸塩、テトラフルオロ(ピコリナト)ホスフェート、1,3-ジメチル-1,3-ジビニル-1,3-ジ(1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロイソプロピル)ジシロキサン、テトラビニルシラン、t-ブチルベンゼン、t-アミルベンゼン、フルオロベンゼン、及びシクロヘキシルベンゼンから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有する、[1]~[10]のいずれか1つに記載の非水電解液。
[12]
少なくとも、正極、負極、セパレータ、及び[1]~[11]のいずれか1つに記載の非水電解液を含む、非水電解液電池。
[13]
下記一般式(1)で表される化合物。
Aは、炭素原子数1~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~8の分岐状のアルキレン基、及び炭素原子数2~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数3~8の分岐状のアルケニレン基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子が存在することもできる。
Bは酸素原子又はNRaを表し、Raは水素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい。
M1及びM2はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、金属カチオン、又はオニウムカチオンを表す。M1及びM2が金属カチオン又はオニウムカチオンを表す場合、一般式(1)中の酸素原子とM1との結合、及び窒素原子とM2との結合はイオン結合を表す。
Xは、-S(=O)2-Rb、又は-P(=O)-RcRdを表し、Rb~Rdはそれぞれ独立に、フッ素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数が1~10のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニルオキシ基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリールオキシ基からなる群から選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子及び不飽和結合の少なくとも1つが存在することもできる。また、RcとRdは結合し環状構造を有することもできる。
nは、1~4の整数である。]
[14]
前記一般式(1)中のXが-S(=O)2-Rbを表し、前記Rbがフッ素原子を表す、[13]に記載の化合物。
[15]
前記一般式(1)中のAが、炭素原子数1~4の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~4の分岐状のアルキレン基を表す、[13]又は[14]に記載の化合物。
[16]
下記一般式(1)で表される非水電解液用添加剤。
Aは、炭素原子数1~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~8の分岐状のアルキレン基、及び炭素原子数2~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数3~8の分岐状のアルケニレン基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子が存在することもできる。
Bは酸素原子又はNRaを表し、Raは水素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい。
M1及びM2はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、金属カチオン、又はオニウムカチオンを表す。M1及びM2が金属カチオン又はオニウムカチオンを表す場合、一般式(1)中の酸素原子とM1との結合、及び窒素原子とM2との結合はイオン結合を表す。
Xは、-S(=O)2-Rb、又は-P(=O)-RcRdを表し、Rb~Rdはそれぞれ独立に、フッ素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数が1~10のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニルオキシ基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリールオキシ基からなる群から選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子及び不飽和結合の少なくとも1つが存在することもできる。また、RcとRdは結合し環状構造を有することもできる。
nは、1~4の整数である。]
[17]
前記一般式(1)中のXが-S(=O)2-Rbを表し、前記Rbがフッ素原子を表す、[16]に記載の非水電解液用添加剤。
[18]
前記一般式(1)中のAが、炭素原子数1~4の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~4の分岐状のアルキレン基を表す、[16]又は[17]に記載の非水電解液用添加剤。
本開示の非水電解液は、(I)上記一般式(1)で表される化合物、(II)溶質、及び(III)非水有機溶媒を含有する非水電解液である。
本開示の非水電解液は、成分(I)である、一般式(1)で表される化合物を含む。
成分(I)を含む非水電解液を、非水電解液電池(例えばリチウムイオン二次電池やナトリウムイオン二次電池)に用いると、成分(I)は少なくとも正極上及び負極上のいずれかで分解し、カチオン伝導性の良い皮膜を少なくとも正極及び負極のいずれかの表面に形成する。この皮膜は、非水有機溶媒や溶質と電極活物質との間の直接の接触を抑制し、溶質のカチオン乖離エネルギーを低下させると考えられる。その結果、非水電解液電池の高温サイクル特性が向上し、電池の抵抗上昇を抑制する効果を奏するものであると本開示者らは推定している。
Aは、炭素原子数1~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~8の分岐状のアルキレン基、及び炭素原子数2~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数3~8の分岐状のアルケニレン基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子が存在することもできる。
Bは酸素原子又はNRaを表し、Raは水素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい。
M1及びM2はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、金属カチオン、又はオニウムカチオンを表す。M1及びM2が金属カチオン又はオニウムカチオンを表す場合、一般式(1)中の酸素原子とM1との結合、及び窒素原子とM2との結合はイオン結合を表す。
Xは、-S(=O)2-Rb、又は-P(=O)-RcRdを表し、Rb~Rdはそれぞれ独立に、フッ素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数が1~10のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニルオキシ基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリールオキシ基からなる群から選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子及び不飽和結合の少なくとも1つが存在することもできる。また、RcとRdは結合し環状構造を有することもできる。
nは、1~4の整数である。]
アルキレン基としては、炭素原子数1~4の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~4の分岐状のアルキレン基が好ましい。
アルケニレン基としては、炭素原子数2~4の直鎖又は炭素原子数3~4の分岐状のアルケニレン基が好ましい。
上記有機基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間に酸素原子が含まれている場合の具体例としては、例えば、-CH2CH2-O-CH2-基、-CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2-基等が挙げられる。
Raが、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基である場合のアルケニル基としては、ビニル基、アリル基、1-プロペニル基、イソプロペニル基、2-ブテニル基、1,3-ブタジエニル基等が挙げられる。
Raが、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基である場合のアルキニル基としては、エチニル基、2-プロピニル基、1,1-ジメチル-2-プロピニル基等が挙げられる。
Raが、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基である場合のシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基等が挙げられる。
Raが、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基である場合のシクロアルケニル基としては、シクロペンテニル基、シクロヘキセニル基等が挙げられる。
Raが、炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基である場合のアリール基としては、フェニル基、トリル基、キシリル基等が挙げられる。
M1及びM2がオニウムカチオンを表す場合のオニウムカチオンとしては、テトラアルキルアンモニウムイオン等が挙げられる。
M2は、水素原子又は金属カチオンを表すことが好ましく、リチウイオン電池用途に使用する場合は、リチウムイオンであることがより好ましく、ナトリウムイオン電池用途に使用する場合は、ナトリウムイオンであることがより好ましい。
Rb~Rdが、炭素原子数が1~10のアルコキシ基を表す場合のアルコキシ基に含まれるアルキル基としては、Rb~Rdが表す炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基が挙げられる。
Rb~Rdが、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニルオキシ基を表す場合のアルケニルオキシ基に含まれるアルケニル基としては、Rb~Rdが表す炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基が挙げられる。
Rb~Rdが、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニルオキシ基を表す場合のアルキニルオキシ基に含まれるアルキニル基としては、Rb~Rdが表す炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基が挙げられる。
Rb~Rdが、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルコキシ基を表す場合のシクロアルコキシ基に含まれるシクロアルキル基としては、Rb~Rdが表す炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基が挙げられる。
Rb~Rdが、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニルオキシ基を表す場合のシクロアルケニルオキシ基に含まれるシクロアルケニル基としては、Rb~Rdが表す炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基が挙げられる。
Rb~Rdが、炭素原子数が6~10のアリールオキシ基を表す場合のアリールオキシ基に含まれるアリール基としては、Rb~Rdが表す炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基が挙げられる。
上記有機基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間に酸素原子が含まれている場合の具体例としては、例えば、-CH2CH2-O-CH3基、-CH2CH2-O-CH2CH3基等が挙げられる。
Rc及びRdが炭素原子数が1又は2のアルコキシ基を表し、結合して、リン原子と共に5員環又は6員環を形成することも好ましい。
。
(I)の濃度を0.01質量%以上とすることで、該非水電解液を用いた非水電解液電池のサイクル特性の向上効果が得られ易い。一方、(I)の濃度を10.0質量%以下とすることで、該非水電解液の粘度上昇を抑制でき、該非水電解液を用いた非水電解液電池の抵抗上昇抑制効果が得られ易くなる。
非水電解液の総量に対する、上記成分(I)の含有量は、0.01~5.0質量%が好ましい。
例えば、2-ヒドロキシエタンスルホン酸塩やヒドロキシメタンスルホン酸塩と、フルオロスルホニルイソシアネートとを反応させた後、水素化リチウムと反応することで、得ることができる。
上記化合物は、非水電解液において添加剤として好適に用いられる。すなわち、本開示は、上記一般式(1)で表される非水電解液用添加剤にも関する。
本開示の非水電解液は、溶質を含有する。
溶質としては特に限定されないが、イオン性塩であることが好ましく、フッ素を含むイオン性塩であることがより好ましい。
中でも、非水電解液電池としてのエネルギー密度、出力特性、寿命等から考えると、カチオンはリチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、及び四級アンモニウムからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種が、アニオンはヘキサフルオロリン酸アニオン、テトラフルオロホウ酸アニオン、ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドアニオン、及びビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミドアニオンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種が好ましい。
本開示の非水電解液に用いる非水有機溶媒の種類は、特に限定されず、任意の非水有機溶媒を用いることができる。
非水有機溶媒は、環状エステル、鎖状エステル、環状エーテル、鎖状エーテル、スルホン化合物、スルホキシド化合物、及びイオン液体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つであることが好ましい。
具体的には、エチルメチルカーボネート(以降「EMC」とも記載する。)、ジメチルカーボネート(以降「DMC」とも記載する。)、ジエチルカーボネート(以降「DEC」とも記載する。)、メチルプロピルカーボネート、エチルプロピルカーボネート、メチルブチルカーボネート、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルメチルカーボネート、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルエチルカーボネート、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルプロピルカーボネート、ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)カーボネート、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-1-プロピルメチルカーボネート、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-1-プロピルエチルカーボネート、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-1-プロピルプロピルカーボネート、ビス(1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-1-プロピル)カーボネート、エチレンカーボネート(以降「EC」とも記載する。)、プロピレンカーボネート(以降「PC」とも記載する。)、ブチレンカーボネート、フルオロエチレンカーボネート(以降「FEC」とも記載する。)、ジフルオロエチレンカーボネート、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、プロピオン酸メチル、プロピオン酸エチル、2-フルオロプロピオン酸メチル、2-フルオロプロピオン酸エチル、ジエチルエーテル、ジブチルエーテル、ジイソプロピルエーテル、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、テトラヒドロフラン、2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン、フラン、テトラヒドロピラン、1,3-ジオキサン、1,4-ジオキサン、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、アセトニトリル、プロピオニトリル、ジメチルスルホキシド、スルホラン、γ-ブチロラクトン、及びγ-バレロラクトンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。
また、本開示においては、非水有機溶媒として、塩構造を採るイオン液体を用いても良い。
また、上記非水有機溶媒は、環状カーボネート及び鎖状カーボネートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であると、高温でのサイクル特性に優れる点で好ましい。
上記環状カーボネートの具体例として、EC、PC、ブチレンカーボネート、FEC等が挙げられ、中でもEC、PC、及びFECからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。
上記鎖状カーボネートの具体例として、EMC、DMC、DEC、メチルプロピルカーボネート、エチルプロピルカーボネート、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルメチルカーボネート、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルエチルカーボネート、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-1-プロピルメチルカーボネート、及び1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-1-プロピルエチルカーボネート等が挙げられ、中でもEMC、DMC、DEC、及びメチルプロピルカーボネートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。
本開示の要旨を損わない限りにおいて、本開示の非水電解液に一般に用いられる添加成分を任意の比率でさらに添加しても良い。
その他の添加剤の具体例としては、シクロヘキシルベンゼン、シクロヘキシルフルオロベンゼン、フルオロベンゼン、ビフェニル、ジフルオロアニソール、tert-ブチルベンゼン、tert-アミルベンゼン、2-フルオロトルエン、2-フルオロビフェニル、ビニレンカーボネート、ジメチルビニレンカーボネート、ビニルエチレンカーボネート、フルオロエチレンカーボネート、trans-ジフルオロエチレンカーボネート、メチルプロパルギルカーボネート、エチルプロパルギルカーボネート、ジプロパルギルカーボネート、無水マレイン酸、無水コハク酸、プロパンサルトン、1,3-プロパンスルトン、1,3-プロペンスルトン、ブタンスルトン、1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、4-プロピル-1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、メチレンメタンジスルホネート、ジメチレンメタンジスルホネート、トリメチレンメタンジスルホネート、メタンスルホン酸メチル、1,6-ジイソシアナトヘキサン、トリス(トリメチルシリル)ボレート、スクシノニトリル、(エトキシ)ペンタフルオロシクロトリホスファゼン、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸リチウム、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸ナトリウム、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸カリウム、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸リチウム、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸ナトリウム、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸カリウム、ビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸リチウム、ビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸ナトリウム、ビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸カリウム、テトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸リチウム、テトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸ナトリウム、テトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸カリウム、トリス(オキサラト)リン酸リチウム、トリス(オキサラト)リン酸ナトリウム、トリス(オキサラト)リン酸カリウム、ジフルオロリン酸リチウム、ジフルオロリン酸ナトリウム、ジフルオロリン酸カリウム、モノフルオロリン酸リチウム、モノフルオロリン酸ナトリウム、モノフルオロリン酸カリウム、フルオロスルホン酸リチウム、フルオロスルホン酸ナトリウム、フルオロスルホン酸カリウム、ビス(ジフルオロホスホリル)イミドリチウム、ビス(ジフルオロホスホリル)イミドナトリウム、ビス(ジフルオロホスホリル)イミドカリウム、メタンスルホニルフルオリド、エテンスルホニルフルオリド、ジフルオロリン酸フェニル、等の過充電防止効果、負極皮膜形成効果や正極保護効果を有する化合物が挙げられる。
Mm+は、アルカリ金属カチオン、アルカリ土類金属カチオン、又はオニウムカチオンであり、mは該当するカチオンの価数と同数の整数を表す。]
この場合のイオン性塩としては、例えば、非水電解液電池がリチウムイオン電池の場合には、ヘキサフルオロリン酸リチウム、テトラフルオロホウ酸リチウム、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸リチウム、ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドリチウム、ビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミドリチウム、(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)(フルオロスルホニル)イミドリチウム等が挙げられ、非水電解液電池がナトリウムイオン電池の場合には、ヘキサフルオロリン酸ナトリウム、テトラフルオロホウ酸ナトリウム、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸ナトリウム、ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドナトリウム、ビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミドナトリウム、(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)(フルオロスルホニル)イミドナトリウム等が挙げられる。
具体的には、アクリル酸リチウム、アクリル酸ナトリウム、メタクリル酸リチウム、メタクリル酸ナトリウムなどのカルボン酸塩、リチウムメチルサルフェート、ナトリウムメチルサルフェート、リチウムエチルサルフェート、ナトリウムエチルサルフェートなどの硫酸エステル塩などが挙げられる。
非水電解液電池がナトリウムイオン電池の場合には、ビニレンカーボネート、フルオロエチレンカーボネート、ビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸ナトリウム、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸ナトリウム、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸ナトリウム、テトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸ナトリウム、ビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミドナトリウム、(ジフルオロホスホリル)(フルオロスルホニル)イミドナトリウム、ジフルオロリン酸ナトリウム、フルオロスルホン酸ナトリウム、1,3-プロペンスルトン、1,3-プロパンスルトン、1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、及び4-プロピル-1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシドから選ばれる少なくとも1種を、前記非水電解液の総量に対して0.01~5.0質量%含有することが好ましい。
本開示の非水電解液電池は、少なくとも、上記の本開示の非水電解液と、負極と、正極とを含む。さらには、セパレータや外装体等を含むことが好ましい。
具体的には、Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2、Li[Ni0.45Mn0.35Co0.2]O2、Li[Ni0.5Mn0.3Co0.2]O2、Li[Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2]O2、Li[Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1]O2、Li[Ni0.49Mn0.3Co0.2Zr0.01]O2、Li[Ni0.49Mn0.3Co0.2Mg0.01]O2、LiNi0.8Co0.2O2、LiNi0.85Co0.10Al0.05O2、LiNi0.87Co0.10Al0.03O2、LiNi0.90Co0.07Al0.03O2、LiNi0.6Co0.3Al0.1O2、LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4等が挙げられる。
化合物(a-1)の合成
1H NMR(CD3CN) σH 11.49、4.88ppm、
19F NMR(CD3CN) σF 51.0ppm。
化合物(a-2)の合成
1H NMR(CD3CN) σH 4.38、3.26ppm、
19F NMR(CD3CN) σF 49.1ppm。
化合物(a-3)の合成
1H NMR(CD3CN) σH 5.43、1.48ppm、
19F NMR(CD3CN) σF 49.0ppm。
化合物(a-4)の合成
1H NMR(CD3CN) σH 4.45、3.31、1.57―0.94、ppm、
19F NMR(CD3CN) σF 49.3ppm。
化合物(a-5)の合成
1H NMR(CD3CN) σH 5.38、4.55、4.43、4.10、3.40、3.21ppm、
19F NMR(CD3CN) σF 51.6、51.1ppm。
化合物a-1(Na)~a-5(Na)は、原料にそれぞれ対応するヒドロキシアルカンスルホン酸ナトリウムを使用し、フルオロスルホニルイソシアネートと反応させ、水素化ナトリウムで中和することでも得ることができる。
<比較例1-1>
(LiPF6溶液の調製)
露点-60℃以下のグローブボックス内において、EC、FEC、EMC及びDMCを、EC:FEC:EMC:DMC=25:5:45:25の体積比率で混合させた(成分(III))。その後、内温を40℃以下に保ちながら1.0mol/Lの濃度となる量のLiPF6(成分(II))を添加し、攪拌して完全に溶解させる事でLiPF6溶液を
得た。これを比較非水電解液1-1とした。
(非水電解液1-1の調製)
露点-60℃以下のグローブボックス内において、EC、FEC、EMC及びDMCを、EC:FEC:EMC:DMC=25:5:45:25の体積比率で混合させた(成分(III))。その後、内温を40℃以下に保ちながら1.0mol/Lの濃度となる量のLiPF6(成分(II))を加え、一般式(1)で表される化合物に該当する化合物(a-1)(成分(I))を、非水電解液の総量に対して0.05質量%の濃度となるように加え、1時間攪拌して溶解させることで実施例1-1の非水電解液1-1を調製した。
(非水電解液1-2~1-15、及び比較非水電解液1-2、1-3の調製)
成分(I)(又は、比較化合物)の種類や含有量を表1に記載のように変更した以外は非水電解液1-1の調製と同様にして、非水電解液1-2~1-15、比較非水電解液1-2、及び1-3を得た。なお、化合物(X)は、東京化成工業株式会社(製品コードH0597)より購入したものである。また、化合物(Y)は、WO2014/073378に開示の製法と同様の方法で合成した。
(非水電解液2-1~2-3、及び比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製)
さらに、その他の添加剤として、ビニレンカーボネート(VC)を表2に記載の濃度となるように添加し、溶解させた以外は、非水電解液1-4、1-9、1-11、比較非水電解液1-1~1-3の調製と同様にして、非水電解液2-1~2-3、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液3-1~3-3、及び比較非水電解液3-1~3-3の調製)
VCをビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸リチウム(BOB)に変更した以外は、非水電解液2-1~2-3、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製と同様にして、非水電解液3-1~3-3、比較非水電解液3-1~3-3をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液4-1~4-3、及び比較非水電解液4-1~4-3の調製)
VCをジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸リチウム(DFBOP)に変更した以外は、非水電解液2-1~2-3、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製と同様にして、非水電解液4-1~4-3、比較非水電解液4-1~4-3をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液5-1~5-3、及び比較非水電解液5-1~5-3の調製)
VCをテトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸リチウム(TFOP)に変更した以外は、非水電解液2-1~2-3、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製と同様にして、非水電解液5-1~5-3、比較非水電解液5-1~5-3をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液6-1~6-3、及び比較非水電解液6-1~6-3の調製)
VCをビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミドリチウム(FSI)に変更した以外は、非水電解液2-1~2-3、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製と同様にして、非水電解液6-1~6-3、比較非水電解液6-1~6-3をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液7-1~7-3、及び比較非水電解液7-1~7-3の調製)
VCをジフルオロリン酸リチウム(DFP)に変更した以外は、非水電解液2-1~2-3、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製と同様にして、非水電解液7-1~7-3、比較非水電解液7-1~7-3をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液8-1~8-3、及び比較非水電解液8-1~8-3の調製)
VCをフルオロスルホン酸リチウム(FS)に変更した以外は、非水電解液2-1~2-3、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製と同様にして、非水電解液8-1~8-3、及び比較非水電解液8-1~8-3を得た。
(非水電解液9-1の調製)
露点-60℃以下のグローブボックス内において、PC、EC、FEC、及びEMCを、PC:EC:FEC:EMC=20:10:2:68の体積比率で混合させた(成分(III))。その後、内温を40℃以下に保ちながら1.0mol/Lの濃度となる量のNaPF6(成分(II))を加え、一般式(1)で表される化合物に該当する化合物(a-1(Na))(成分(I))を、非水電解液の総量に対して0.5質量%の濃度となるように加え、1時間攪拌して溶解させることで実施例17-1の非水電解液9-1を調製した。
(非水電解液9-2~9-10、及び比較非水電解液9-1、9-2の調製)
成分(I)(又は、比較化合物)の種類や含有量を表17に記載のように変更した以外は非水電解液9-1の調製と同様にして、非水電解液9-2~9-15、比較非水電解液9-1、及び9-2を得た。
(非水電解液10-1~10-3、及び比較非水電解液10-1~10-2の調製)
さらに、その他の添加剤として、VCを表18に記載の濃度となるように添加し、溶解させた以外は、非水電解液9-1、9-3、9-5、比較非水電解液9-1~9-2の調製と同様にして、非水電解液10-1~10-3、比較非水電解液10-1~10-2をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液11-1~11-3、及び比較非水電解液11-1~11-2の調製)
VCをフルオロ硫酸ナトリウム(NaSO3F)に変更し、表19に記載の濃度になるように添加し、溶解させた以外は、非水電解液10-1~10-3、比較非水電解液10-1~10-2の調製と同様にして、非水電解液11-1~11-3、比較非水電解液11-1~11-2をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液12-1~12-3、及び比較非水電解液12-1~12-2の調製)
VCをテトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸ナトリウム(TFOP-Na)に変更し、表20に記載の濃度になるように添加し、溶解させた以外は、非水電解液10-1~10-3、比較非水電解液10-1~10-2の調製と同様にして、非水電解液12-1~12-3、比較非水電解液12-1~12-2をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液13-1~13-3、及び比較非水電解液13-1~13-2の調製)
VCをジフルオロリン酸ナトリウム(DFP-Na)に変更し、表21に記載の濃度になるように添加し、溶解させた以外は、非水電解液10-1~10-3、比較非水電解液10-1~10-2の調製と同様にして、非水電解液13-1~13-3、比較非水電解液13-1~13-2をそれぞれ得た。
(リチウムイオン電池正極:NCM622正極の作製)
正極活物質としてLiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2を90質量%と、導電剤として5質量%のアセチレンブラックと、結着剤として5質量%のポリフッ化ビニリデン(以下、PVDFとも記載する)とを混合し、さらに溶媒としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを前記正極活物質と、導電剤と、結着剤との総質量に対し、55質量%となるように添加し、スラリー溶液を調製した。このスラリー溶液を、正極集電体であるアルミニウム箔上に塗布して、150℃で12時間乾燥させることにより、集電体上に正極活物質層を形成した試験用NCM622正極を得た。
正極活物質としてLiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2を92質量%と、導電剤として4.5質量%のアセチレンブラックと、結着剤として3.5質量%のPVDFとを混合し、さらに溶媒としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを前記正極活物質と、導電剤と、結着剤との総質量に対し、55質量%となるように添加し、スラリー溶液を調製した。このスラリー溶液を、正極集電体であるアルミニウム箔上に塗布して、150℃で12時間乾燥させることにより、集電体上に正極活物質層を形成した試験用NCM811正極を得た。
正極活物質としてNaNi0.5Ti0.3Mn0.2O2を90質量%と、導電剤として5質量%のアセチレンブラックと、結着剤として5質量%のPVDFとを混合し、さらに溶媒としてN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを前記正極活物質と、導電剤と、結着剤との総質量に対し、50質量%となるように添加し、スラリー溶液を調製した。このスラリー溶液を、正極集電体であるアルミニウム箔上に塗布して、150℃で12時間乾燥させることにより、集電体上に正極活物質層を形成した試験用NaNi0.5Ti0.3Mn0.2O2正極を得た。
天然黒鉛粉末92質量%と、導電材(HS-100 デンカ社製)3質量%、カーボンナノファイバー(VGCF 昭和電工社製)2質量%、そしてスチレンブタジエンゴム2質量%、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム1質量%と水を混合し、スラリー溶液を調製した。このスラリー溶液を、負極集電体である銅箔上に塗布して、100℃で12時間乾燥させることにより、集電体上に負極活物質層を形成した試験用天然黒鉛負極を得た。
人造黒鉛粉末85質量%に、ナノシリコン7質量%、導電材(HS-100)3質量%、カーボンナノファイバー(VGCF)2質量%、そしてスチレンブタジエンゴム2質量%、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム1質量%と水を混合し、スラリー溶液を調製した。このスラリー溶液を、負極集電体である銅箔上に塗布して、100℃で12時間乾燥させることにより、集電体上に負極活物質層を形成した試験用ケイ素含有黒鉛負極を得た。
負極活物質としてハードカーボン粉末(クレハ社製、カーボトロンP)90質量%と、結着剤としてPVDF10質量%を混合し、さらに溶媒としてN-メチルピロリドンを前記負極活物質と結着剤との総質量に対し50質量%となるように添加し、スラリー溶液を調製した。このスラリー溶液を、負極集電体であるアルミニウム箔上に塗布して、150℃で12時間乾燥させることにより、集電体上に負極活物質層を形成した試験用ハードカーボン負極を得た。
露点-50℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気で、試験用電解液を浸み込ませたポリエチレン製セパレーターを介して試験用NCM622正極と試験用天然黒鉛負極を配置し、アルミラミネート外装の非水電解液電池(リチウムイオン電池)を組み立てた。なお、非水電解液として表1~8に記載のものを用いた。
また、実施例9-1~9-15、比較例9-1~9-3、実施例10-1~10-3、比較例10-1~10-3、実施例11-1~11-3、比較例11-1~11-3、実施例12-1~12-3、比較例12-1~12-3、実施例13-1~13-3、比較例13-1~13-3、実施例14-1~14-3、比較例14-1~14-3、実施例15-1~15-3、比較例15-1~15-3、実施例16-1~16-3、比較例16-1~16-3では、正極としてNCM811、負極としてケイ素含有黒鉛を用いて、同様に非水電解液電池(リチウムイオン電池)を作製した。なお、非水電解液として表9~16に記載のものを用いた。
また、実施例17-1~17-10、比較例17-1~17-2、実施例18-1~18-3、比較例18-1~18-2、実施例19-1~19-3、比較例19-1~19-2、実施例20-1~20-3、比較例20-1~20-2、実施例21-1~21-3、比較例21-1~21-2では、正極として、NaNi0.5Ti0.3Mn0.2O2正極、負極としてハードカーボン負極を用いて、同様に非水電解液電池(ナトリウムイオン電池)を作製した。なお、非水電解液として、表17~21に記載のものを用いた。
-リチウムイオン電池:初期充放電-
作製した非水電解液電池を25℃恒温槽に入れその状態で充放電装置と接続した。3mAで4.3Vまで充電を行った。4.3Vを1時間維持した後に、6mAで2.5Vまで放電を行った。これを充放電1サイクルとし、計3サイクルの充放電を行って電池を安定化させた。
作製した非水電解液電池を25℃恒温槽に入れその状態で充放電装置と接続した。3mAで4.1Vまで充電を行った。4.1Vを1時間維持した後に、6mAで1.5Vまで放電を行った。これを充放電1サイクルとし、計3サイクルの充放電を行って電池を安定化させた。
上記初期充放電を行って安定化させた非水電解液電池に対し、60℃の環境温度での充放電試験を実施し、高温サイクル特性を評価した。充電上限電圧4.3V、放電下限電圧2.5Vとして、定電流定電圧法で、電流値30mAで充放電サイクルを繰り返した。そして、60℃の環境温度での充放電試験における700サイクル目の放電容量維持率で非水電解液電池の劣化の具合を評価した。700サイクル目の放電容量維持率で表される「高温サイクル後放電容量維持率」は下記式で求めた。なお、60℃の環境温度での充放電試験における1サイクル目の放電容量を初放電容量とした。
高温サイクル後放電容量維持率(%)=(700サイクル目の放電容量/初放電容量)×100
充電上限電圧を4.1V、放電下限電圧を1.5Vに変更すること以外は、リチウムイオン電池と同様に評価した。
上記高温サイクル試験後の非水電解液電池に対し、25℃、6mAで4.3Vまで充電した後、-20℃の環境下で、インピーダンス測定を実施することにより抵抗値を測定した。
充電電圧を4.1Vに変更したこと以外は、リチウムイオン電池と同様に評価した。
本出願は、2021年9月30日出願の日本特許出願(特願2021-162010)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
Claims (18)
- (I)下記一般式(1)で表される化合物、
(II)溶質、及び
(III)非水有機溶媒
を含有する非水電解液。
[一般式(1)中、
Aは、炭素原子数1~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~8の分岐状のアルキレン基、及び炭素原子数2~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数3~8の分岐状のアルケニレン基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子が存在することもできる。
Bは酸素原子又はNRaを表し、Raは水素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい。
M1及びM2はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、金属カチオン、又はオニウムカチオンを表す。M1及びM2が金属カチオン又はオニウムカチオンを表す場合、一般式(1)中の酸素原子とM1との結合、及び窒素原子とM2との結合はイオン結合を表す。
Xは、-S(=O)2-Rb、又は-P(=O)-RcRdを表し、Rb~Rdはそれぞれ独立に、フッ素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数が1~10のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニルオキシ基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリールオキシ基からなる群から選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子及び不飽和結合の少なくとも1つが存在することもできる。また、RcとRdは結合し環状構造を有することもできる。
nは、1~4の整数である。] - 前記一般式(1)中のXが-S(=O)2-Rbを表し、前記Rbがフッ素原子を表す、請求項1に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記一般式(1)中のAが、炭素原子数1~4の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~4の分岐状のアルキレン基を表す、請求項1に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記溶質が、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiSbF6、LiAsF6、LiClO4、LiCF3SO3、LiC4F9SO3、LiN(SO2F)2、LiAlO2、LiAlCl4、LiCl、及びLiIからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つ、又は、NaPF6、NaBF4、NaSbF6、NaAsF6、NaClO4、NaCF3SO3、NaC4F9SO3、NaN(SO2F)2、NaAlO2、NaAlCl4、NaCl、及びNaIからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つである、請求項1に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記非水有機溶媒が、環状エステル、鎖状エステル、環状エーテル、鎖状エーテル、スルホン化合物、スルホキシド化合物、及びイオン液体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つである、請求項1に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記非水有機溶媒が環状エステルを含み、前記環状エステルが、環状カーボネートである、請求項5に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記環状カーボネートが、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、及びフルオロエチレンカーボネートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項6に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記非水有機溶媒が鎖状エステルを含み、前記鎖状エステルが、鎖状カーボネートである、請求項5に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記鎖状カーボネートが、エチルメチルカーボネート、ジメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、及びメチルプロピルカーボネートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項8に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記非水電解液の総量に対する、前記(I)の含有量が0.01~5.0質量%である、請求項1に記載の非水電解液。
- 更に、ビニレンカーボネート、ビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸塩、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸塩、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸塩、テトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸塩、(ジフルオロホスホリル)(フルオロスルホニル)イミド塩、ジフルオロリン酸塩、フルオロスルホン酸塩、1,3-プロペンスルトン、1,3-プロパンスルトン、1,6-ジイソシアナトヘキサン、エチニルエチレンカーボネート、1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、4-プロピル-1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、メチレンメタンジスルホネート、1,2-エタンジスルホン酸無水物、メタンスルホニルフルオリド、トリス(トリメチルシリル)ボレート、(エトキシ)ペンタフルオロシクロトリホスファゼン、テトラフルオロ(マロナト)リン酸塩、テトラフルオロ(ピコリナト)ホスフェート、1,3-ジメチル-1,3-ジビニル-1,3-ジ(1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロイソプロピル)ジシロキサン、テトラビニルシラン、t-ブチルベンゼン、t-アミルベンゼン、フルオロベンゼン、及びシクロヘキシルベンゼンから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有する、請求項1に記載の非水電解液。
- 少なくとも、正極、負極、セパレータ、及び請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解液を含む、非水電解液電池。
- 下記一般式(1)で表される化合物。
[一般式(1)中、
Aは、炭素原子数1~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~8の分岐状のアルキレン基、及び炭素原子数2~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数3~8の分岐状のアルケニレン基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子が存在することもできる。
Bは酸素原子又はNRaを表し、Raは水素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい。
M1及びM2はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、金属カチオン、又はオニウムカチオンを表す。M1及びM2が金属カチオン又はオニウムカチオンを表す場合、一般式(1)中の酸素原子とM1との結合、及び窒素原子とM2との結合はイオン結合を表す。
Xは、-S(=O)2-Rb、又は-P(=O)-RcRdを表し、Rb~Rdはそれぞれ独立に、フッ素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数が1~10のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニルオキシ基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリールオキシ基からなる群から選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子及び不飽和結合の少なくとも1つが存在することもできる。また、RcとRdは結合し環状構造を有することもできる。
nは、1~4の整数である。] - 前記一般式(1)中のXが-S(=O)2-Rbを表し、前記Rbがフッ素原子を表す、請求項13に記載の化合物。
- 前記一般式(1)中のAが、炭素原子数1~4の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~4の分岐状のアルキレン基を表す、請求項13又は14に記載の化合物。
- 下記一般式(1)で表される非水電解液用添加剤。
[一般式(1)中、
Aは、炭素原子数1~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~8の分岐状のアルキレン基、及び炭素原子数2~8の直鎖又は炭素原子数3~8の分岐状のアルケニレン基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子が存在することもできる。
Bは酸素原子又はNRaを表し、Raは水素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基からなる群より選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい。
M1及びM2はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、金属カチオン、又はオニウムカチオンを表す。M1及びM2が金属カチオン又はオニウムカチオンを表す場合、一般式(1)中の酸素原子とM1との結合、及び窒素原子とM2との結合はイオン結合を表す。
Xは、-S(=O)2-Rb、又は-P(=O)-RcRdを表し、Rb~Rdはそれぞれ独立に、フッ素原子、又は、炭素原子数が1~10のアルキル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニル基、炭素原子数が6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数が1~10のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルケニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が2~10のアルキニルオキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルコキシ基、炭素原子数が3~10のシクロアルケニルオキシ基、及び炭素原子数が6~10のアリールオキシ基からなる群から選ばれる有機基を表す。前記有機基中の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子で置換されていてもよく、前記有機基中に酸素原子及び不飽和結合の少なくとも1つが存在することもできる。また、RcとRdは結合し環状構造を有することもできる。
nは、1~4の整数である。] - 前記一般式(1)中のXが-S(=O)2-Rbを表し、前記Rbがフッ素原子を表す、請求項16に記載の非水電解液用添加剤。
- 前記一般式(1)中のAが、炭素原子数1~4の直鎖又は炭素原子数2~4の分岐状のアルキレン基を表す、請求項16又は17に記載の非水電解液用添加剤。
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