WO2022168755A1 - 非水電解液、非水電解液電池、及び化合物 - Google Patents
非水電解液、非水電解液電池、及び化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022168755A1 WO2022168755A1 PCT/JP2022/003342 JP2022003342W WO2022168755A1 WO 2022168755 A1 WO2022168755 A1 WO 2022168755A1 JP 2022003342 W JP2022003342 W JP 2022003342W WO 2022168755 A1 WO2022168755 A1 WO 2022168755A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl group
- atom
- group
- carbon atoms
- hydrogen atom
- Prior art date
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- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- -1 alkali metal cation Chemical class 0.000 claims description 128
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 128
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 101
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 66
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 62
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 37
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 17
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 101000928408 Homo sapiens Protein diaphanous homolog 2 Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 102100036469 Protein diaphanous homolog 2 Human genes 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 10
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910006095 SO2F Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur dioxide Inorganic materials O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- IFDLFCDWOFLKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IFDLFCDWOFLKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZPFAVCIQZKRBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OCCO1 ZPFAVCIQZKRBGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PXTRGXMFFGBWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-propyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound CCCC1COS(=O)(=O)O1 PXTRGXMFFGBWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GWAOOGWHPITOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5,2,4-dioxadithiane 2,2,4,4-tetraoxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CS(=O)(=O)OCO1 GWAOOGWHPITOEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GKFGCJGPBOCQQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentafluoro-1,3,5-triaza-2lambda5,4,6lambda5-triphosphacyclohex-5-ene Chemical compound C(C)OP1(N(P(=NPN1)(F)F)F)(F)F GKFGCJGPBOCQQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QHTJSSMHBLGUHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 QHTJSSMHBLGUHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- KNWQLFOXPQZGPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl fluoride Chemical compound CS(F)(=O)=O KNWQLFOXPQZGPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YZYKZHPNRDIPFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl) borate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OB(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C YZYKZHPNRDIPFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OQHXCCQBSGTCGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,5-oxadithiolane 2,2,5,5-tetraoxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCS(=O)(=O)O1 OQHXCCQBSGTCGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FOLJHXWWJYUOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethynyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OCC(C#C)O1 FOLJHXWWJYUOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010092 LiAlO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001559 LiC4F9SO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000552 LiCF3SO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013131 LiN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019398 NaPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019188 POF2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- DGTVXEHQMSJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluorophosphinic acid Chemical class OP(F)(F)=O DGTVXEHQMSJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001547 lithium hexafluoroantimonate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001537 lithium tetrachloroaluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001545 sodium hexafluoroantimonate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001542 sodium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001495 sodium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 65
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 20
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 16
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000013309 porous organic framework Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 6
- 125000004778 2,2-difluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])(F)F 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- RQIMPDXRFCFBGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(oxomethylidene)sulfamoyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)N=C=O RQIMPDXRFCFBGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000004777 2-fluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000004200 2-methoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- CHHOPPGAFVFXFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Li+].[O-]S(F)(=O)=O Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(F)(=O)=O CHHOPPGAFVFXFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 4
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004216 fluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)* 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1NCCN1 YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 4
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 4
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003302 alkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004465 cycloalkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000000 cycloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-fluorosulfonylsulfamoyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)NS(F)(=O)=O KTQDYGVEEFGIIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazolidone Chemical compound O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005133 alkynyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
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- IMWRKEYABZBADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluorophosphorylimino(oxo)methane Chemical compound FP(F)(=O)N=C=O IMWRKEYABZBADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YRIJPMBUGWOQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-ynyl) carbonate Chemical compound C#CCOC(=O)OCC#C YRIJPMBUGWOQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FXNRKXSSLJKNGH-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;fluoro-dioxido-oxo-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(F)=O FXNRKXSSLJKNGH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- NIQAXIMIQJNOKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC(F)(F)F NIQAXIMIQJNOKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYIGRAXBUGITJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl prop-2-ynyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC#C ZYIGRAXBUGITJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical class [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XSAOIFHNXYIRGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C(=O)C=C XSAOIFHNXYIRGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl methanesulfonate Chemical compound COS(C)(=O)=O MBABOKRGFJTBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CMPQUABWPXYYSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 CMPQUABWPXYYSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- STBRWEWUESLURQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC(F)(F)F STBRWEWUESLURQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004040 pyrrolidinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940047670 sodium acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960004711 sodium monofluorophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001538 sodium tetrachloroaluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)C([O-])=O SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YLKTWKVVQDCJFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Na+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F YLKTWKVVQDCJFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBVUALKOHTZCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O KBVUALKOHTZCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RRLOOYQHUHGIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCOS([O-])(=O)=O RRLOOYQHUHGIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DZXBHDRHRFLQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;methyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].COS([O-])(=O)=O DZXBHDRHRFLQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XGPOMXSYOKFBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F XGPOMXSYOKFBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinonitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC#N IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- GOIXNQVIDQSYOR-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetralithium 2-fluoro-2-oxoacetate Chemical compound C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)F.C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)F.C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)F.C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)F.[Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+] GOIXNQVIDQSYOR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000319 transition metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/645—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6503—Five-membered rings
- C07F9/6506—Five-membered rings having the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 3
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
- C07D207/263—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/27—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D233/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D233/30—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D233/32—One oxygen atom
- C07D233/38—One oxygen atom with acyl radicals or hetero atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
- C07D263/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D263/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D263/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D263/18—Oxygen atoms
- C07D263/20—Oxygen atoms attached in position 2
- C07D263/22—Oxygen atoms attached in position 2 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D277/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D277/14—Oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/553—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07F9/572—Five-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6527—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/653—Five-membered rings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
- H01M2300/0042—Four or more solvents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to non-aqueous electrolytes, non-aqueous electrolyte batteries, and compounds.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte-related technologies are no exception, and various additives have been proposed to suppress deterioration due to decomposition of the non-aqueous electrolyte on the surfaces of active positive and negative electrodes.
- an electrolyte is dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent as a non-aqueous electrolyte that can constitute a lithium battery having excellent battery characteristics such as cycle characteristics, battery capacity, storage characteristics, and conductivity.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium battery is disclosed, which is characterized in that the non-aqueous electrolyte further contains a pyrrolidone derivative.
- Patent Document 2 a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound such as pyrrolidone, oxazolidinone, or imidazolidinone is included in the non-aqueous electrolytic solution, so that the non-aqueous electrolytic solution has excellent charge/discharge efficiency and capacity retention characteristics in a wide temperature range. It is shown to be a liquid secondary battery.
- the present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte and a non-aqueous electrolyte battery that can reduce the initial resistance value of the battery.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a compound that can be suitably used in the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- X represents CH2 , NH, O, S, or SO2.
- Y represents CH or N;
- Z represents CH2 , O or NR5 .
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal cation, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and between the carbon atom-carbon atom bond in the alkyl group may contain an oxygen atom. Any hydrogen atom of the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- R5 represents an alkali metal cation, the bond between the nitrogen atom in Z and R5 represents an ionic bond.
- R 1 represents PO(R f ) 2 or SO 2 R f .
- R f represents a halogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and an oxygen atom is included between the carbon atom-carbon atom bonds in the alkyl group. It may be Any hydrogen atom of the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom. When there are multiple R f 's, the multiple R f 's may be the same or different.
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and the carbon atom-carbon atom bond in the alkyl group Oxygen atoms may be included between them. Any hydrogen atom of the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom. ]
- Y and Y' each independently represent CH or N.
- Z and Z' each independently represent CH2 , O or NR5 .
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal cation, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and between the carbon atom-carbon atom bond in the alkyl group may contain an oxygen atom. Any hydrogen atom of the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- R5 represents an alkali metal cation
- the bond between the nitrogen atoms in Z and Z' and R5 represents an ionic bond.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent PO(R f ) 2 or SO 2 R f .
- R f represents a halogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and an oxygen atom is present between the carbon atom-carbon atom bonds in the alkyl group. may be included. Any hydrogen atom of the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- the multiple R f 's may be the same or different.
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and the carbon atom-carbon atom bond in the alkyl group Oxygen atoms may be included between them. Any hydrogen atom of the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom. ]
- R 1 in the general formula (1) represents POF 2 or SO 2 F.
- R 1 and R 2 in the general formula (2) each independently represent POF 2 or SO 2 F.
- Z in the general formula (1) represents NR 5 , and R 5 is a hydrogen atom, a lithium ion, a sodium ion, or a linear chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a branched chain having 3 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the non-aqueous electrolytic solution according to any one of [1] to [3], which represents an alkyl group of [5] Z and Z′ in general formula (2) each independently represent NR 5 , and each R 5 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a lithium ion, a sodium ion, or a linear chain having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the solute is from LiPF6 , LiBF4 , LiSbF6 , LiAsF6 , LiClO4, LiCF3SO3 , LiC4F9SO3 , LiN ( SO2F ) 2 , LiAlO2 , LiAlCl4 , LiCl , and LiI at least one selected from the group consisting of NaPF6 , NaBF4 , NaSbF6 , NaAsF6 , NaClO4 , NaCF3SO3 , NaC4F9SO3 , NaN( SO2F ) 2 , NaAlO2 , NaAlCl 4.
- the chain carbonate is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, and methyl propyl carbonate.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte battery comprising at least a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and the non-aqueous electrolyte according to any one of [1] to [13].
- X represents CH2 , NH, O, S, or SO2.
- Y represents CH or N;
- Z represents CH2 , O or NR5 .
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal cation, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and the carbon atom-carbon atom bond in the alkyl group is , may contain an oxygen atom. Any hydrogen atom of the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- R5 represents an alkali metal cation, the bond between the nitrogen atom in Z and R5 represents an ionic bond.
- R 1 represents POF 2 or SO 2 F.
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and the carbon atom-carbon atom bond in the alkyl group Oxygen atoms may be included between them. Any hydrogen atom of the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom. ]
- Y and Y' each independently represent CH or N.
- Z and Z' each independently represent CH2 , O or NR5 .
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal cation, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and the carbon atom-carbon atom bond in the alkyl group is , may contain an oxygen atom. Any hydrogen atom of the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- R5 represents an alkali metal cation
- the bond between the nitrogen atoms in Z and Z' and R5 represents an ionic bond.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent POF 2 or SO 2 F.
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and the carbon atom-carbon atom bond in the alkyl group Oxygen atoms may be included between them. Any hydrogen atom of the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom. ]
- non-aqueous electrolyte and a non-aqueous electrolyte battery capable of reducing the initial resistance value.
- a compound that can be suitably used in the non-aqueous electrolyte it is possible to provide a compound that can be suitably used in the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the initial resistance value represents the resistance value of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery immediately after the initial charging/discharging operation for battery stabilization. Specifically, it refers to the resistance value obtained by the first impedance measurement after three cycles of charging and discharging operations for battery stabilization.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure includes (I) a compound represented by the general formula (1), and at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the general formula (2), and (II) a solute and (III) a non-aqueous electrolyte containing a non-aqueous organic solvent.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte solution of the present disclosure contains at least one selected from the group consisting of the compound represented by the general formula (1) and the compound represented by the general formula (2), which is the component (I).
- the component (I) is at least on either the positive electrode or the negative electrode. to form a film with good cation conductivity on at least one of the surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- this film suppresses direct contact between the non-aqueous organic solvent or solute and the electrode active material, and lowers the cation dissociation energy of the solute.
- the present inventors presume that the effect of lowering the initial resistance of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery is achieved.
- X represents CH2 , NH, O, S or SO2 .
- Y represents CH or N;
- Z represents CH2 , O or NR5 .
- X is preferably CH2 or O.
- Y is preferably N.
- Z is preferably NR5 .
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal cation, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and between the carbon atom-carbon atom bond in the alkyl group may contain an oxygen atom. Any hydrogen atom of the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- R5 represents an alkali metal cation
- the bond between the nitrogen atom in Z and R5 represents an ionic bond.
- R 5 is preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal cation, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydrogen atom, a lithium ion, a sodium ion, Alternatively, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a hydrogen atom, lithium ion, sodium ion, or methyl group is even more preferable.
- R 1 represents PO(R f ) 2 or SO 2 R f .
- R f represents a halogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms. When there are multiple R f 's, the multiple R f 's may be the same or different.
- R f represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms
- R f represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms
- R f represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms
- R f represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms
- R f represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms
- An oxygen atom may be included between the carbon atom-carbon atom bonds in the alkyl group.
- Specific examples of the alkyl group containing an oxygen atom between carbon atom-carbon atom bonds include a 2-methoxyethyl group and a 2-ethoxyethyl group.
- any hydrogen atom in the above alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- the alkyl group in which any hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom include a trifluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a fluoromethyl group, a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a 2,2-difluoroethyl group, 2-fluoroethyl group, 3-fluoropropyl group, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl group, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl group , hexafluoroisopropyl group and the like.
- R 1 is preferably POF 2 or SO 2 F, more preferably SO 2 F.
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 3 and R 4 represent a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms are a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group and an isopropyl group. , n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, isobutyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group and the like.
- An oxygen atom may be included between the carbon atom-carbon atom bonds in the alkyl group.
- Specific examples of the alkyl group containing an oxygen atom between carbon atom-carbon atom bonds include a 2-methoxyethyl group and a 2-ethoxyethyl group.
- any hydrogen atom in the above alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- the alkyl group in which any hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom include a trifluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a fluoromethyl group, a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a 2,2-difluoroethyl group, 2-fluoroethyl group, 3-fluoropropyl group, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl group, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl group , hexafluoroisopropyl group and the like.
- the above alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms because it can reduce the resistance when a film is formed on the electrode.
- the alkyl group is more preferably an alkyl group having 4 or less carbon atoms, and particularly preferably a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, or tert-butyl group. .
- R 3 and R 4 are each independently preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, particularly preferably a hydrogen atom.
- the compound represented by general formula (1) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formulas (1a) to (1r). More preferably, a compound represented by formula (1a) (also referred to as compound (1a)), a compound represented by formula (1b) (also referred to as compound (1b)), or a compound represented by formula (1c) from a compound (also referred to as compound (1c)), a compound represented by formula (1e) (also referred to as compound (1e)), and a compound represented by formula (1f) (also referred to as compound (1f)) It is at least one selected from the group consisting of, more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of compound (1a) and compound (1e), and particularly preferably compound (1a).
- Y and Y' each independently represent CH or N; Z and Z' each independently represent CH2 , O or NR5 .
- Both Y and Y' are preferably N. Both Z and Z' are preferably NR5 .
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal cation, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and between the carbon atom-carbon atom bond in the alkyl group may contain an oxygen atom. Any hydrogen atom of the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- R5 represents an alkali metal cation
- the bond between the nitrogen atom in Z and R5 represents an ionic bond.
- R 5 is preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal cation, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydrogen atom, a lithium ion, a sodium ion, Alternatively, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a hydrogen atom, lithium ion, sodium ion, or methyl group is even more preferable.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent PO(R f ) 2 or SO 2 R f .
- R f represents a halogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms. When there are multiple R f 's, the multiple R f 's may be the same or different.
- R f represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms
- R f represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms
- R f represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms
- R f represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms
- R f represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms
- An oxygen atom may be included between the carbon atom-carbon atom bonds in the alkyl group.
- Specific examples of the alkyl group containing an oxygen atom between carbon atom-carbon atom bonds include a 2-methoxyethyl group and a 2-ethoxyethyl group.
- any hydrogen atom in the above alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- the alkyl group in which any hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom include a trifluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a fluoromethyl group, a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a 2,2-difluoroethyl group, 2-fluoroethyl group, 3-fluoropropyl group, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl group, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl group , hexafluoroisopropyl group and the like.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently preferably POF 2 or SO 2 F, and more preferably both R 1 and R 2 are SO 2 F.
- R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 3 and R 4 represent a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms are a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group and an isopropyl group. , n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, isobutyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group and the like.
- An oxygen atom may be included between the carbon atom-carbon atom bonds in the alkyl group.
- Specific examples of the alkyl group containing an oxygen atom between carbon atom-carbon atom bonds include a 2-methoxyethyl group and a 2-ethoxyethyl group.
- any hydrogen atom in the above alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
- the alkyl group in which any hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom include a trifluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a fluoromethyl group, a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a 2,2-difluoroethyl group, 2-fluoroethyl group, 3-fluoropropyl group, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl group, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl group , hexafluoroisopropyl group and the like.
- the above alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms because it can reduce the resistance when a film is formed on the electrode.
- the alkyl group is more preferably an alkyl group having 4 or less carbon atoms, and particularly preferably a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, or tert-butyl group. .
- R 3 and R 4 are each independently preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, particularly preferably a hydrogen atom.
- the compound represented by the general formula (2) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formulas (2a) to (2r). More preferably, a compound represented by formula (2a) (also referred to as compound (2a)), a compound represented by formula (2d) (also referred to as compound (2d)), or a compound represented by formula (2f) a compound (also referred to as compound (2f)), a compound represented by formula (2h) (also referred to as compound (2h)), a compound represented by formula (2l) (also referred to as compound (2l)), and At least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (2p) (also referred to as compound (2p)), more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of compound (2a) and compound (2d) species, particularly preferably compound (2a).
- the total amount of the component (I) (hereinafter, "(I) (also referred to as "concentration of")
- the lower limit is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and still more preferably 0.1% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the concentration of (I) is preferably 10.0% by mass or less, more preferably 5.0% by mass or less, and even more preferably 2.0% by mass or less.
- one type of compound may be used alone, or two or more types of compounds may be mixed in any combination and ratio according to the application. .
- the compound represented by general formula (1) can be produced by various methods.
- the manufacturing method is not particularly limited. For example, it can be obtained by reacting 2-pyrrolidone or 2-oxazolidone with fluorosulfonyl isocyanate or difluorophosphoryl isocyanate, followed by reaction with lithium hydride or dialkyl sulfate.
- the compound represented by general formula (2) can be produced by various methods.
- the manufacturing method is not particularly limited. For example, it can be obtained by reacting 2-imidazolidinone with fluorosulfonyl isocyanate or difluorophosphoryl isocyanate, followed by reaction with lithium hydride or dialkyl sulfate.
- the present disclosure provides compounds in which R 1 represents POF 2 or SO 2 F in the general formula (1), or compounds in which R 1 and R 2 in the general formula (2) are each independently It also relates to compounds representing POF2 or SO2F .
- the above compound is suitably used as an additive in a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure contains a solute.
- the solute is not particularly limited, it is preferably an ionic salt, more preferably an ionic salt containing fluorine.
- solute examples include at least one cation selected from the group consisting of alkali metal ions such as lithium ions and sodium ions, alkaline earth metal ions, and quaternary ammonium ions, hexafluorophosphate anions, tetrafluoro Borate anion, perchlorate anion, hexafluoroarsenate anion, hexafluoroantimonate anion, trifluoromethanesulfonate anion, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion, bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide anion, (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) ) (pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide anion, bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion, (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion, (penta)
- the solute consists of LiPF6 , LiBF4 , LiSbF6 , LiAsF6 , LiClO4, LiCF3SO3 , LiC4F9SO3 , LiN ( SO2F ) 2 , LiAlO2 , LiAlCl4 , LiCl , and LiI at least one selected from the group, or NaPF6 , NaBF4 , NaSbF6 , NaAsF6 , NaClO4 , NaCF3SO3 , NaC4F9SO3 , NaN ( SO2F ) 2 , NaAlO2 , NaAlCl4 , NaCl, and NaI.
- the cation is at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and quaternary ammonium, and the anion is hexafluoro.
- the anion is hexafluoro.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of phosphate anions, tetrafluoroborate anions, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anions, and bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anions is preferred.
- the total amount of solutes in the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure (hereinafter also referred to as “solute concentration”) is not particularly limited, but the lower limit is preferably 0.5 mol/L or more, more preferably 0.7 mol/L. L or more, more preferably 0.9 mol/L or more. Also, the upper limit of the solute concentration is preferably 5.0 mol/L or less, more preferably 4.0 mol/L or less, and still more preferably 2.0 mol/L or less.
- the solute concentration By setting the solute concentration to 0.5 mol/L or more, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the cycle characteristics and output characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery due to the decrease in ionic conductivity. It is possible to suppress the decrease in ionic conductivity, the cycle characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery, and the output characteristics due to an increase in the viscosity of the electrolyte.
- Non-aqueous organic solvent used in the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure is not particularly limited, and any non-aqueous organic solvent can be used.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of cyclic esters, chain esters, cyclic ethers, chain ethers, sulfone compounds, sulfoxide compounds, and ionic liquids.
- EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- methyl propyl carbonate ethyl propyl carbonate
- ethyl propyl carbonate methyl butyl carbonate
- 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methyl carbonate 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ethyl carbonate
- 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl propyl carbonate bis(2,2,2 -trifluoroethyl) carbonate, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propylmethyl carbonate, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propylethyl carbonate, 1 , 1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propylpropyl carbonate, bis(1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propylpropyl)
- the non-aqueous organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of cyclic esters and chain esters from the viewpoint of excellent input/output characteristics at low temperatures. Moreover, it is preferable that the non-aqueous organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of cyclic carbonates and chain carbonates from the viewpoint of excellent cycle characteristics at high temperatures.
- the nonaqueous organic solvent contains a cyclic ester, and the cyclic ester is a cyclic carbonate.
- the cyclic carbonate include EC, PC, butylene carbonate, FEC, etc. Among them, at least one selected from the group consisting of EC, PC, and FEC is preferable.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent contains a chain ester, and the chain ester is a chain carbonate.
- the chain carbonate include EMC, DMC, DEC, methylpropyl carbonate, ethylpropyl carbonate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylmethyl carbonate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylethyl carbonate, 1,1 , 1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propylmethyl carbonate and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propylethyl carbonate, among which EMC, DMC, DEC , and methyl propyl carbonate.
- esters include methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, methyl 2-fluoropropionate, and ethyl 2-fluoropropionate.
- Additive components generally used in the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure may be further added at any ratio as long as they do not impair the gist of the present disclosure.
- Specific examples of other additives include cyclohexylbenzene, cyclohexylfluorobenzene, fluorobenzene, biphenyl, difluoroanisole, tert-butylbenzene, tert-amylbenzene, 2-fluorotoluene, 2-fluorobiphenyl, vinylene carbonate, and dimethylvinylene.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure includes vinylene carbonate, bis(oxalato)borate, difluorooxalatoborate, difluorobis(oxalato)phosphate, tetrafluorooxalatophosphate, (difluorophosphoryl)(fluoro sulfonyl)imide salts, difluorophosphates, fluorosulfonates, 1,3-propenesultone, 1,3-propanesultone, 1,6-diisocyanatohexane, ethynylethylene carbonate, 1,3,2-dioxathiolane- 2,2-dioxide, 4-propyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide, methylene methanedisulfonate, 1,2-ethanedisulfonic anhydride, methanesulfonyl fluoride, tris(trimethylsilyl)borate
- the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of the present disclosure may contain a compound represented by the following general formula (3) as another additive.
- R 6 to R 8 each independently represent a fluorine atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, 10 linear or branched alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, carbon alkynyloxy group having 2 to 10 atoms, cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, an organic group selected from a cycloalkenyloxy group, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and an aryloxy group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, in which
- R 6 to R 8 are all fluorine atoms.
- At least one of R 6 to R 8 is a fluorine atom; At least one of R 6 to R 8 is preferably a compound selected from hydrocarbon groups having 6 or less carbon atoms which may contain fluorine atoms.
- At least one of R 6 to R 8 is a fluorine atom; at least one of R 6 to R 8 is a methyl group, methoxy group, ethyl group, ethoxy group, propyl group, propoxy group, vinyl group, allyl group, allyloxy group, ethynyl group, 2-propynyl group, 2-propynyloxy group; , phenyl group, phenyloxy group, 2,2-difluoroethyl group, 2,2-difluoroethyloxy group, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyloxy group, 2, 2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl group, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyloxy group, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl group, and 1,1,1,3 , 3,3-hexafluofluo
- the counter cation M m+ of the salt having the imide anion represented by the general formula (3) is preferably selected from the group consisting of lithium ion, sodium ion, potassium ion and tetraalkylammonium ion.
- the alkyl group and alkoxy group represented by R 6 to R 8 include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, sec-butyl group, tertiary butyl group, pentyl group, 2,2-difluoroethyl group, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl group, and 1,1,1,3,3,3 Examples include alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as -hexafluoroisopropyl group, fluorine-containing alkyl groups, and alkoxy groups derived from these groups.
- the alkenyl group and alkenyloxy group include alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as vinyl group, allyl group, 1-propenyl group, isopropenyl group, 2-butenyl group, and 1,3-butadienyl group. Examples include fluorine alkenyl groups and alkenyloxy groups derived from these groups.
- alkynyl group and alkynyloxy group include alkynyl groups and fluorine-containing alkynyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as ethynyl group, 2-propynyl group and 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl group, and these groups. and alkynyloxy groups derived from
- Cycloalkyl groups and cycloalkoxy groups include cycloalkyl groups and fluorine-containing cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms such as cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl groups, and cycloalkoxy groups derived from these groups. .
- the cycloalkenyl group and cycloalkenyloxy group include cycloalkenyl groups and fluorine-containing cycloalkenyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms such as cyclopentenyl group and cyclohexenyl group, and cycloalkenyloxy groups derived from these groups. groups.
- Aryl groups and aryloxy groups include aryl groups and fluorine-containing aryl groups having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as phenyl, tolyl, and xylyl groups, and aryloxy groups derived from these groups. .
- the content of the other additive in the nonaqueous electrolyte is preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of the nonaqueous electrolyte.
- the negative electrode film can be used as “other additives”. A formation effect and a positive electrode protection effect can be exhibited.
- the content in the non-aqueous electrolyte is preferably 0.01% by mass to 5.0% by mass.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte battery is a lithium ion battery
- the non-aqueous electrolyte battery is a sodium ion battery
- Alkali metal salts other than the above solutes may also be used as additives.
- Specific examples include carboxylates such as lithium acrylate, sodium acrylate, lithium methacrylate, and sodium methacrylate, and sulfate ester salts such as lithium methyl sulfate, sodium methyl sulfate, lithium ethyl sulfate, and sodium ethyl sulfate. .
- the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure includes vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, lithium bis(oxalato)borate, lithium difluorooxalatoborate, lithium difluorobis(oxalato)phosphate, lithium tetrafluorooxalatophosphate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium (difluorophosphoryl)(fluorosulfonyl)imide , lithium difluorophosphate, lithium fluorosulfonate, 1,3-propenesultone, 1,3-propanesultone, 1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide, and 4-propyl-1,3,2- At least one selected from dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxides is preferably contained in an amount of 0.01 to 5.0% by mass based on the total amount of the non-aqueous
- nonaqueous electrolyte battery is a sodium ion battery
- non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure can also contain a polymer, and the non-aqueous electrolyte is pseudo-solidified with a gelling agent or a cross-linked polymer as in the case of using a non-aqueous electrolyte battery called a polymer battery. It is also possible to use Polymer solid electrolytes also include those containing non-aqueous organic solvents as plasticizers.
- the polymer is not particularly limited as long as it is an aprotic polymer capable of dissolving the compound represented by the general formula (1) or (2), the solute and the other additives.
- examples thereof include polymers having polyethylene oxide as a main chain or side chain, polyvinylidene fluoride homopolymers or copolymers, methacrylic acid ester polymers, and polyacrylonitrile.
- an aprotic non-aqueous organic solvent is preferred among the above non-aqueous organic solvents.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte battery of the present disclosure includes at least the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present disclosure, a negative electrode, and a positive electrode. Furthermore, it is preferable to include a separator, an outer package, and the like.
- the negative electrode is not particularly limited, it is preferable to use a material capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating alkali metal ions such as lithium ions and sodium ions, or alkaline earth metal ions.
- the negative electrode active material constituting the negative electrode is capable of doping and dedoping lithium ions.
- One of these negative electrode active materials can be used alone, or two or more of them can be used in combination. Lithium metal, metal nitrides, tin compounds, conductive polymers, and the like may also be used.
- the negative electrode active material constituting the negative electrode includes sodium metal, alloys of sodium metal and other metals such as tin, intermetallic compounds, and hard carbon.
- Various carbon materials, metal oxides such as titanium oxide, metal nitrides, tin (elementary substance), tin compounds, activated carbon, conductive polymers, and the like are used.
- phosphorus such as red phosphorus and black phosphorus
- phosphorus compounds such as Co-P, Cu-P, Sn-P, Ge-P, Mo-P, antimony (single substance), Sb/C , Bi--Sb and other antimony compounds are used.
- phosphorus compounds such as Co-P, Cu-P, Sn-P, Ge-P, Mo-P, antimony (single substance), Sb/C , Bi--Sb and other antimony compounds are used.
- One type of these negative electrode active materials may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the positive electrode is not particularly limited, it is preferable to use a material capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating alkali metal ions such as lithium ions and sodium ions, or alkaline earth metal ions.
- the positive electrode material when the cation is lithium, includes lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides such as LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMnO 2 and LiMn 2 O 4 , and the lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides Co, Mn, Ni, and the like. , LiFePO4 , LiCoPO4 , LiMnPO4 , etc. called olivine, in which a part of the transition metals of these lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides is replaced with other metals other than transition metals.
- lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides such as LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMnO 2 and LiMn 2 O 4
- the lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides Co, Mn, Ni, and the like LiFePO4 , LiCoPO4 , LiMnPO4 , etc. called olivine, in which a part of the transition metals of these lithium-containing transition metal composite oxides is replaced with other metals other than transition metals.
- transition metal phosphate compounds oxides such as TiO 2 , V 2 O 5 and MoO 3 , sulfides such as TiS 2 and FeS, or conductive polymers such as polyacetylene, polyparaphenylene, polyaniline, and polypyrrole, Activated carbon, radical-generating polymers, carbon materials, and the like are used.
- positive electrode materials include NaCrO 2 , NaFe 0.5 Co 0.5 O 2 , NaFe 0.4 Mn 0.3 Ni 0.3 O 2 , NaNi 0.5 Ti0.3Mn0.2O2 , NaNi1 / 3Ti1 / 3Mn1 / 3O2 , NaNi0.33Ti0.33Mn0.16Mg0.17O2 , Na2 / 3Ni Sodium-containing transition metal composite oxides such as 1/3 Ti 1/6 Mn 1/2 O 2 and Na 2/3 Ni 1/3 Mn 2/3 O 2 , Co of these sodium-containing transition metal composite oxides, A mixture of a plurality of transition metals such as Mn and Ni, a sodium-containing transition metal composite oxide in which a part of the transition metal is substituted with a metal other than a transition metal, NaFePO 4 , NaVPO 4 F, Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , Na 2 Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and other poly
- Acetylene black, ketjen black, carbon fiber, or graphite as a conductive material and polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, or SBR resin as a binder are added to the positive electrode and negative electrode materials, and further formed into a sheet.
- a molded electrode sheet can be used.
- Nonwoven fabrics and porous sheets made of polypropylene, polyethylene, paper, glass fiber, etc. are used as separators to prevent contact between the positive and negative electrodes.
- a coin-shaped, cylindrical, rectangular, or aluminum laminate sheet-shaped electrochemical device is assembled from the above elements.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 1-2 to 1-1 were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solution 1-1, except that the type and amount of component (I) (or comparative compound) were changed as shown in Table 1. -8, and comparative non-aqueous electrolytes 1-2 to 1-5 were obtained.
- Examples 2-1, 2-2, Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3 Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1, 2-2, and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 to 2-3
- vinylene carbonate was added to the concentration shown in Table 2 and dissolved.
- 1-3, and 1-5 non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 and 2-2, and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 to 2-3 were obtained, respectively.
- Examples 3-1, 3-2, Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3> Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 3-1, 3-2, and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 3-1 to 3-3)
- Liquids 3-1 and 3-2, and comparative non-aqueous electrolytes 3-1 to 3-3 were obtained, respectively.
- Examples 4-1, 4-2, Comparative Examples 4-1 to 4-3> (Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 4-1, 4-2, and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 4-1 to 4-3)
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1, 2-2, and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 to 2-3 were prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 and 2-2, except that vinylene carbonate was changed to lithium difluorobis(oxalato)phosphate.
- Electrolyte solutions 4-1 and 4-2 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 4-1 to 4-3 were obtained, respectively.
- Examples 5-1, 5-2, Comparative Examples 5-1 to 5-3> (Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 5-1, 5-2, and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 5-1 to 5-3)
- Non-aqueous electrolysis was performed in the same manner as in the preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 and 2-2 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 2-1 to 2-3, except that vinylene carbonate was changed to lithium tetrafluorooxalate.
- Liquids 5-1 and 5-2, and comparative non-aqueous electrolytes 5-1 to 5-3 were obtained, respectively.
- Examples 6-1, 6-2, Comparative Examples 6-1 to 6-3> Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 6-1, 6-2 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 6-1 to 6-3) Non-aqueous electrolysis in the same manner as in the preparation of non-aqueous electrolytes 2-1, 2-2 and comparative non-aqueous electrolytes 2-1 to 2-3, except that vinylene carbonate was changed to bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide lithium. Liquids 6-1 and 6-2, and comparative non-aqueous electrolytes 6-1 to 6-3 were obtained, respectively.
- Examples 7-1, 7-2, Comparative Examples 7-1 to 7-3> (Preparation of Non-aqueous Electrolyte Solutions 7-1, 7-2, and Comparative Non-aqueous Electrolyte Solutions 7-1 to 7-3) Except for changing the vinylene carbonate to lithium difluorophosphate, nonaqueous electrolyte solution 7- 1, 7-2, and comparative non-aqueous electrolytes 7-1 to 7-3, respectively.
- Examples 8-1 to 8-10, Comparative Examples 8-1 to 8-3> (Preparation of nonaqueous electrolyte solutions 8-1 to 8-10 and comparative nonaqueous electrolyte solutions 8-1 to 8-3)
- lithium fluorosulfonate was added to the concentration shown in Table 8 and dissolved, and the type and amount of component (I) (or comparative compound) were changed as shown in Table 8.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 8-1 to 8-10 and comparative non-aqueous electrolyte solutions 8-1 to 8-3 were obtained in the same manner as in the preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte solution 1-1, except for changing to .
- MP is N-methylpyrrolidone
- DMI 1,3-dimethylimidazolidinone
- VC vinylene carbonate
- BOB lithium bis(oxalato)borate
- DFBOP is difluorobis(oxalato ) lithium phosphate
- TFOP lithium tetrafluorooxalaphosphate
- FSI lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide
- DFP lithium difluorophosphate
- FS lithium fluorosulfonate FS lithium fluorosulfonate.
- the added amount of component (I) (or comparative compound) represents the concentration with respect to the total amount of component (I) (or comparative compound), component (II) and component (III). is. Further, the amount of other additives added represents the concentration with respect to the total amount of component (I) (or comparative compound), component (II), component (III), and the other additives.
- NCM622 positive electrode 90% by mass of LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 powder is mixed with 5% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride (hereinafter also referred to as PVDF) as a binder and 5% by mass of acetylene black as a conductive material, Further, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added to prepare a positive electrode mixture paste. This paste was applied to both sides of an aluminum foil (A1085), dried and pressed, and then punched out into a size of 4 ⁇ 5 cm to obtain an NCM622 positive electrode for testing.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- NCM811 positive electrode (Preparation of NCM811 positive electrode) 92.0% by mass of LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 powder was mixed with 3.5% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride as a binder and 4.5% by mass of acetylene black as a conductive material. -Methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added to prepare a positive electrode mixture paste. This paste was applied to both sides of an aluminum foil (A1085), dried and pressed, and then punched out into a size of 4 ⁇ 5 cm to obtain an NCM811 positive electrode for testing.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte battery was produced.
- the non-aqueous electrolytes listed in Tables 1 to 8 were used.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte batteries using the non-aqueous electrolyte containing the component (I) of the present disclosure have low initial resistance and are excellent.
- non-aqueous electrolyte and a non-aqueous electrolyte battery capable of reducing the initial resistance value.
- a compound that can be suitably used in the non-aqueous electrolyte it is possible to provide a compound that can be suitably used in the non-aqueous electrolyte.
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Abstract
Description
(I)後述の一般式(1)で表される化合物、及び後述の一般式(2)で表される化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つ(以降、「成分(I)」と記載する場合がある。)、(II)溶質(以降、「成分(II)」と記載する場合がある。)、及び(III)非水有機溶媒(以降、「成分(III)」と記載する場合がある。)を含有する非水電解液により、初期抵抗値の低い非水電解液電池が得られる事を見出し、上記課題を解決した。
(I)下記一般式(1)で表される化合物、及び下記一般式(2)で表される化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つ、(II)溶質、及び(III)非水有機溶媒を含有する非水電解液。
R1は、PO(Rf)2又はSO2Rfを表す。Rfは、ハロゲン原子又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。Rfが複数存在する場合、複数のRfは同じであっても異なっていてもよい。
R3及びR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。]
R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立に、PO(Rf)2又はSO2Rfを表す。Rfは、ハロゲン原子又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。Rfが複数存在する場合、複数のRfは同じであっても異なっていてもよい。
R3及びR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。]
前記一般式(1)中のR1が、POF2又はSO2Fを表す、[1]に記載の非水電解液。
[3]
前記一般式(2)中のR1及びR2が、それぞれ独立に、POF2又はSO2Fを表す、[1]又は[2]に記載の非水電解液。
[4]
前記一般式(1)中のZがNR5を表し、前記R5が、水素原子、リチウムイオン、ナトリウムイオン、又は、炭素原子数1~4の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~4の分岐状のアルキル基を表す、[1]~[3]のいずれか1つに記載の非水電解液。
[5]
前記一般式(2)中のZ及びZ’がそれぞれ独立にNR5を表し、前記R5が、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、リチウムイオン、ナトリウムイオン、又は、炭素原子数1~4の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~4の分岐状のアルキル基を表す、[1]~[4]のいずれか1つに記載の非水電解液。
[6]
前記溶質が、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiSbF6、LiAsF6、LiClO4、LiCF3SO3、LiC4F9SO3、LiN(SO2F)2、LiAlO2、LiAlCl4、LiCl、及びLiIからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つ、又は、NaPF6、NaBF4、NaSbF6、NaAsF6、NaClO4、NaCF3SO3、NaC4F9SO3、NaN(SO2F)2、NaAlO2、NaAlCl4、NaCl、及びNaIからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つである、[1]~[5]のいずれか1つに記載の非水電解液。
[7]
前記非水有機溶媒が、環状エステル、鎖状エステル、環状エーテル、鎖状エーテル、スルホン化合物、スルホキシド化合物、及びイオン液体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つである、[1]~[6]のいずれか1つに記載の非水電解液。
[8]
前記非水有機溶媒が環状エステルを含み、前記環状エステルが、環状カーボネートである、[7]に記載の非水電解液。
[9]
前記環状カーボネートが、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、及びフルオロエチレンカーボネートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、[8]に記載の非水電解液。
[10]
前記非水有機溶媒が鎖状エステルを含み、前記鎖状エステルが、鎖状カーボネートである、[7]に記載の非水電解液。
[11]
前記鎖状カーボネートが、エチルメチルカーボネート、ジメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、及びメチルプロピルカーボネートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、[10]に記載の非水電解液。
[12]
前記(I)、前記(II)、及び前記(III)の総量に対する、前記(I)の含有量が0.01~10.0質量%である、[1]~[11]のいずれか1つに記載の非水電解液。
[13]
更にビニレンカーボネート、ビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸塩、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸塩、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸塩、テトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸塩、(ジフルオロホスホリル)(フルオロスルホニル)イミド塩、ジフルオロリン酸塩、フルオロスルホン酸塩、1,3-プロペンスルトン、1,3-プロパンスルトン、1,6-ジイソシアナトヘキサン、エチニルエチレンカーボネート、1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、4-プロピル-1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、メチレンメタンジスルホネート、1,2-エタンジスルホン酸無水物、メタンスルホニルフルオリド、トリス(トリメチルシリル)ボレート、(エトキシ)ペンタフルオロシクロトリホスファゼン、リチウムテトラフルオロ(マロナト)ホスフェート、テトラフルオロ(ピコリナト)ホスフェート、1,3-ジメチル-1,3-ジビニル-1,3-ジ(1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロイソプロピル)ジシロキサン、t-ブチルベンゼン、t-アミルベンゼン、フルオロベンゼン、及びシクロヘキシルベンゼンから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有する、[1]~[12]のいずれか1つに記載の非水電解液。
[14]
少なくとも、正極、負極、セパレータ、及び[1]~[13]のいずれか1つに記載の非水電解液を含む、非水電解液電池。
[15]
下記一般式(1)又は下記一般式(2)で表される化合物。
R1は、POF2又はSO2Fを表す。
R3及びR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。]
R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立に、POF2又はSO2Fを表す。
R3及びR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。]
本開示の非水電解液は、(I)上記一般式(1)で表される化合物、及び上記一般式(2)で表される化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つ、(II)溶質、及び(III)非水有機溶媒を含有する非水電解液である。
本開示の非水電解液は、成分(I)である、一般式(1)で表される化合物、及び一般式(2)で表される化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つを含む。
上記成分(I)を含む非水電解液を、非水電解液電池(例えばリチウムイオン二次電池やナトリウムイオン二次電池)に用いると、成分(I)は少なくとも正極上及び負極上のいずれかで分解し、カチオン伝導性の良い皮膜を少なくとも正極及び負極のいずれかの表面に形成する。この皮膜は、非水有機溶媒や溶質と電極活物質との間の直接の接触を抑制し、溶質のカチオン乖離エネルギーを低下させると考えられる。その結果、非水電解液電池の初期抵抗の低下効果を奏するものであると本発明者らは推定している。
Xは、CH2、NH、O、S又はSO2を表す。Yは、CH又はNを表す。Zは、CH2、O又はNR5を表す。
Yは、Nであることが好ましい。
Zは、NR5であることが好ましい。
より好ましくは、式(1a)で表される化合物(化合物(1a)とも呼ぶ。)、式(1b)で表される化合物(化合物(1b)とも呼ぶ。)、式(1c)で表される化合物(化合物(1c)とも呼ぶ。)、式(1e)で表される化合物(化合物(1e)とも呼ぶ。)、及び式(1f)で表される化合物(化合物(1f)とも呼ぶ。)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であり、さらに好ましくは化合物(1a)及び化合物(1e)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であり、特に好ましくは化合物(1a)である。
Y及びY’は、それぞれ独立に、CH又はNを表す。Z及びZ’は、それぞれ独立に、CH2、O又はNR5を表す。
Z及びZ’は、いずれもNR5であることが好ましい。
より好ましくは、式(2a)で表される化合物(化合物(2a)とも呼ぶ。)、式(2d)で表される化合物(化合物(2d)とも呼ぶ。)、式(2f)で表される化合物(化合物(2f)とも呼ぶ。)、式(2h)で表される化合物(化合物(2h)とも呼ぶ。)、式(2l)で表される化合物(化合物(2l)とも呼ぶ。)、及び式(2p)で表される化合物(化合物(2p)とも呼ぶ。)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であり、さらに好ましくは化合物(2a)及び化合物(2d)からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であり、特に好ましくは化合物(2a)である。
(I)の濃度を0.01質量%以上とすることで、該非水電解液を用いた非水電解液電池の初期抵抗上昇を抑制する効果が得られ易い。一方、(I)の濃度を10.0質量%以下とすることで、該非水電解液の粘度上昇を抑制でき、該非水電解液を用いた非水電解液電池の抵抗上昇抑制効果が得られ易くなる。
例えば、2-ピロリドンや2-オキサゾリドンとフルオロスルホニルイソシアネートやジフルオロホスホリルイソシアネートと反応させた後、水素化リチウムや硫酸ジアルキルと反応することで、得ることができる。
一般式(2)で示される化合物は種々の方法により製造できる。製造法としては、特に限定されることはない。
例えば、2-イミダゾリジノンとフルオロスルホニルイソシアネートやジフルオロホスホリルイソシアネートと反応させた後、水素化リチウムや硫酸ジアルキルと反応することで、得ることができる。
上記化合物は、非水電解液において添加剤として好適に用いられる。
本開示の非水電解液は、溶質を含有する。
溶質としては特に限定されないが、イオン性塩であることが好ましく、フッ素を含むイオン性塩であることがより好ましい。
中でも、非水電解液電池としてのエネルギー密度、出力特性、寿命等から考えると、カチオンはリチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、及び四級アンモニウムからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種が、アニオンはヘキサフルオロリン酸アニオン、テトラフルオロホウ酸アニオン、ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドアニオン、ビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミドアニオンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種が好ましい。
本開示の非水電解液に用いる非水有機溶媒の種類は、特に限定されず、任意の非水有機溶媒を用いることができる。
非水有機溶媒は、環状エステル、鎖状エステル、環状エーテル、鎖状エーテル、スルホン化合物、スルホキシド化合物、及びイオン液体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つであることが好ましい。
具体的には、エチルメチルカーボネート(以降「EMC」とも記載する。)、ジメチルカーボネート(以降「DMC」とも記載する。)、ジエチルカーボネート(以降「DEC」とも記載する。)、メチルプロピルカーボネート、エチルプロピルカーボネート、メチルブチルカーボネート、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルメチルカーボネート、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルエチルカーボネート、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルプロピルカーボネート、ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)カーボネート、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-1-プロピルメチルカーボネート、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-1-プロピルエチルカーボネート、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-1-プロピルプロピルカーボネート、ビス(1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-1-プロピル)カーボネート、エチレンカーボネート(以降「EC」とも記載する。)、プロピレンカーボネート(以降「PC」とも記載する。)、ブチレンカーボネート、フルオロエチレンカーボネート(以降「FEC」とも記載する。)、ジフルオロエチレンカーボネート、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、プロピオン酸メチル、プロピオン酸エチル、2-フルオロプロピオン酸メチル、2-フルオロプロピオン酸エチル、ジエチルエーテル、ジブチルエーテル、ジイソプロピルエーテル、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、テトラヒドロフラン、2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン、フラン、テトラヒドロピラン、1,3-ジオキサン、1,4-ジオキサン、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、アセトニトリル、プロピオニトリル、ジメチルスルホキシド、スルホラン、γ-ブチロラクトン、及びγ-バレロラクトンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。
また、本開示においては、非水有機溶媒として、塩構造を採るイオン液体を用いても良い。
また、上記非水有機溶媒は、環状カーボネート及び鎖状カーボネートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であると、高温でのサイクル特性に優れる点で好ましい。
上記環状カーボネートの具体例として、EC、PC、ブチレンカーボネート、FEC等が挙げられ、中でもEC、PC、及びFECからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。
上記鎖状カーボネートの具体例として、EMC、DMC、DEC、メチルプロピルカーボネート、エチルプロピルカーボネート、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルメチルカーボネート、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルエチルカーボネート、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-1-プロピルメチルカーボネート、及び1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ-1-プロピルエチルカーボネート等が挙げられ、中でもEMC、DMC、DEC、及びメチルプロピルカーボネートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。
本開示の要旨を損わない限りにおいて、本開示の非水電解液に一般に用いられる添加成分を任意の比率でさらに添加しても良い。
その他の添加剤の具体例としては、シクロヘキシルベンゼン、シクロヘキシルフルオロベンゼン、フルオロベンゼン、ビフェニル、ジフルオロアニソール、tert-ブチルベンゼン、tert-アミルベンゼン、2-フルオロトルエン、2-フルオロビフェニル、ビニレンカーボネート、ジメチルビニレンカーボネート、ビニルエチレンカーボネート、フルオロエチレンカーボネート、trans-ジフルオロエチレンカーボネート、メチルプロパルギルカーボネート、エチルプロパルギルカーボネート、ジプロパルギルカーボネート、無水マレイン酸、無水コハク酸、プロパンサルトン、1,3-プロパンスルトン、1,3-プロペンスルトン、ブタンスルトン、1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、4-プロピル-1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、メチレンメタンジスルホネート、ジメチレンメタンジスルホネート、トリメチレンメタンジスルホネート、メタンスルホン酸メチル、1,6-ジイソシアナトヘキサン、トリス(トリメチルシリル)ボレート、スクシノニトリル、(エトキシ)ペンタフルオロシクロトリホスファゼン、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸リチウム、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸ナトリウム、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸カリウム、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸リチウム、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸ナトリウム、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸カリウム、ビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸リチウム、ビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸ナトリウム、ビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸カリウム、テトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸リチウム、テトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸ナトリウム、テトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸カリウム、トリス(オキサラト)リン酸リチウム、トリス(オキサラト)リン酸ナトリウム、トリス(オキサラト)リン酸カリウム、ジフルオロリン酸リチウム、ジフルオロリン酸ナトリウム、ジフルオロリン酸カリウム、モノフルオロリン酸リチウム、モノフルオロリン酸ナトリウム、モノフルオロリン酸カリウム、フルオロスルホン酸リチウム、フルオロスルホン酸ナトリウム、フルオロスルホン酸カリウム、ビス(ジフルオロホスホリル)イミドリチウム、ビス(ジフルオロホスホリル)イミドナトリウム、ビス(ジフルオロホスホリル)イミドカリウム、メタンスルホニルフルオリド、エテンスルホニルフルオリド、ジフルオロリン酸フェニル、等の過充電防止効果、負極皮膜形成効果や正極保護効果を有する化合物が挙げられる。
Mm+は、アルカリ金属カチオン、アルカリ土類金属カチオン、又はオニウムカチオンであり、mは該当するカチオンの価数と同数の整数を表す。]
R6~R8の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子であり、
R6~R8の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数6以下の炭化水素基から選ばれる化合物であることが好ましい。
R6~R8の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子であり、
R6~R8の少なくとも1つが、メチル基、メトキシ基、エチル基、エトキシ基、プロピル基、プロポキシ基、ビニル基、アリル基、アリルオキシ基、エチニル基、2-プロピニル基、2-プロピニルオキシ基、フェニル基、フェニルオキシ基、2,2-ジフルオロエチル基、2,2-ジフルオロエチルオキシ基、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル基、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルオキシ基、2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピル基、2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピルオキシ基、1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロイソプロピル基、及び1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロイソプロピルオキシ基から選ばれる化合物であることが好ましい。
この場合のイオン性塩としては、例えば、非水電解液電池がリチウムイオン電池の場合には、ヘキサフルオロリン酸リチウム、テトラフルオロホウ酸リチウム、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸リチウム、ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドリチウム、ビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミドリチウム、(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)(フルオロスルホニル)イミドリチウム等が挙げられ、非水電解液電池がナトリウムイオン電池の場合には、ヘキサフルオロリン酸ナトリウム、テトラフルオロホウ酸ナトリウム、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸ナトリウム、ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドナトリウム、ビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミドナトリウム、(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)(フルオロスルホニル)イミドナトリウム等が挙げられる。
具体的には、アクリル酸リチウム、アクリル酸ナトリウム、メタクリル酸リチウム、メタクリル酸ナトリウムなどのカルボン酸塩、リチウムメチルサルフェート、ナトリウムメチルサルフェート、リチウムエチルサルフェート、ナトリウムエチルサルフェートなどの硫酸エステル塩などが挙げられる。
非水電解液電池がナトリウムイオン電池の場合には、ビニレンカーボネート、フルオロエチレンカーボネート、ビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸ナトリウム、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸ナトリウム、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸ナトリウム、テトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸ナトリウム、ビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミドナトリウム、(ジフルオロホスホリル)(フルオロスルホニル)イミドナトリウム、ジフルオロリン酸ナトリウム、フルオロスルホン酸ナトリウム、1,3-プロペンスルトン、1,3-プロパンスルトン、1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、及び4-プロピル-1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシドから選ばれる少なくとも1種を、前記非水電解液の総量に対して0.01~5.0質量%含有することが好ましい。
本開示の非水電解液電池は、少なくとも、上記の本開示の非水電解液と、負極と、正極とを含む。さらには、セパレータや外装体等を含むことが好ましい。
50mlナスフラスコにEMC7.0g、2-ピロリドン0.6gを入れた後、フルオロスルホニルイソシアネート1.0gをゆっくりと加えた。内温が25℃まで低下した後、水素化リチウム0.06gを投入した。発泡が終息した後、濃縮を実施し、化合物(1a)を1.4g(回収率94%)得た。1H NMR(CD3CN) σH 3.78、2.52ppm、19F NMR(CD3CN) σF 49.0ppm。
50mlナスフラスコにEMC7.0g、2-イミダゾリジノン0.6gを入れた後、フルオロスルホニルイソシアネート1.0gをゆっくりと加えた。内温が25℃まで低下した後、水素化リチウム0.06gを投入した。発泡が終息した後、濃縮を実施し、化合物(1g)を1.4g(回収率92%)得た。1H NMR(CD3CN) σH 3.78、3.34ppm、19F NMR(CD3CN) σF 52.7ppm。
50mlナスフラスコにEMC7.0g、2-イミダゾリジノン0.6gを入れた後、フルオロスルホニルイソシアネート2.0gをゆっくりと加えた。内温が25℃まで低下した後、水素化リチウム0.12gを投入した。発泡が終息した後、濃縮を実施し、化合物(2a)を2.3g(回収率95%)得た。1H NMR(CD3CN) σH 3.76ppm、19F NMR(CD3CN) σF 49.3ppm。
<比較例1-1>
(LiPF6溶液の調製)
露点-60℃以下のグローブボックス内において、EC、FEC、EMC及びDMCを、EC:FEC:EMC:DMC=2:1:3:4の体積比率で混合させた(成分(III))。その後、内温を40℃以下に保ちながら1.0mol/Lの濃度となる量のLiPF6(成分(II))を添加し、攪拌して完全に溶解させる事でLiPF6溶液を得た。これを比較非水電解液1-1とした。
(非水電解液1-1の調製)
露点-60℃以下のグローブボックス内において、EC、FEC、EMC及びDMCを、EC:FEC:EMC:DMC=2:1:3:4の体積比率で混合させた(成分(III))。その後、内温を40℃以下に保ちながら1.0mol/Lの濃度となる量のLiPF6(成分(II))を加え、一般式(1)で表される化合物に該当する化合物(1a)(成分(I))を、成分(I)、(II)、及び(III)の総量に対して0.5質量%の濃度となるように加え、1時間攪拌して溶解させることで実施例1-1の非水電解液1-1を調製した。
(非水電解液1-2~1-8、及び比較非水電解液1-2~1-5の調製)
成分(I)(又は、比較化合物)の種類や添加量を表1に記載のように変更した以外は非水電解液1-1の調製と同様にして、非水電解液1-2~1-8、及び比較非水電解液1-2~1-5を得た。
(非水電解液2-1、2-2、及び比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製)
さらに、その他の添加剤として、ビニレンカーボネートを表2に記載の濃度となるように添加し、溶解させた以外は、非水電解液1-2、1-6、比較非水電解液1-1、1-3、及び1-5の調製と同様にして、非水電解液2-1、2-2、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液3-1、3-2、及び比較非水電解液3-1~3-3の調製)
ビニレンカーボネートをビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸リチウムに変更した以外は、非水電解液2-1、2-2、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製と同様にして、非水電解液3-1、3-2、比較非水電解液3-1~3-3をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液4-1、4-2、及び比較非水電解液4-1~4-3の調製)
ビニレンカーボネートをジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸リチウムに変更した以外は、非水電解液2-1、2-2、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製と同様にして、非水電解液4-1、4-2、比較非水電解液4-1~4-3をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液5-1、5-2、及び比較非水電解液5-1~5-3の調製)
ビニレンカーボネートをテトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸リチウムに変更した以外は、非水電解液2-1、2-2、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製と同様にして、非水電解液5-1、5-2、比較非水電解液5-1~5-3をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液6-1、6-2、及び比較非水電解液6-1~6-3の調製)
ビニレンカーボネートをビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミドリチウムに変更した以外は、非水電解液2-1、2-2、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製と同様にして、非水電解液6-1、6-2、比較非水電解液6-1~6-3をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液7-1、7-2、及び比較非水電解液7-1~7-3の調製)
ビニレンカーボネートをジフルオロリン酸リチウムに変更した以外は、非水電解液2-1、2-2、比較非水電解液2-1~2-3の調製と同様にして、非水電解液7-1、7-2、比較非水電解液7-1~7-3をそれぞれ得た。
(非水電解液8-1~8-10、及び比較非水電解液8-1~8-3の調製)
その他の添加剤として、フルオロスルホン酸リチウムを表8に記載の濃度となるように添加し、溶解させるとともに、成分(I)(又は、比較化合物)の種類や添加量を表8に記載のように変更した以外は非水電解液1-1の調製と同様にして、非水電解液8-1~8-10、及び比較非水電解液8-1~8-3を得た。
(NCM622正極の作製)
LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2粉末90質量%に、バインダーとしてポリフッ化ビニリデン(以下、PVDFとも記載する)を5質量%、導電材としてアセチレンブラックを5質量%混合し、さらにN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを添加し、正極合材ペーストを作製した。このペーストをアルミニウム箔(A1085)の両面に塗布して、乾燥、加圧を行った後に、4×5cmに打ち抜くことで試験用NCM622正極を得た。
LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2粉末92.0質量%に、バインダーとしてポリフッ化ビニリデンを3.5質量%、導電材としてアセチレンブラックを4.5質量%混合し、さらにN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを添加し、正極合材ペーストを作製した。このペーストをアルミニウム箔(A1085)の両面に塗布して、乾燥、加圧を行った後に、4×5cmに打ち抜くことで試験用NCM811正極を得た。
人造黒鉛粉末90質量%、バインダーとしてPVDFを5質量%、導電材としてアセチレンブラックを5質量%混合し、負極合材ペーストを作製した。このペーストを銅箔の片面に塗布して、乾燥、加圧を行った後に、4×5cmに打ち抜くことで試験用人造黒鉛負極を得た。
人造黒鉛粉末85質量%に、ナノシリコン7質量%、導電材(HS-100)3質量%、カーボンナノファイバー(VGCF)2質量%、そしてスチレンブタジエンゴム2質量%、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム1質量%と水を混合し、負極合材ペーストを作製した。このペーストを銅箔の片面に塗布して、乾燥、加圧を行った後に、4×5cmに打ち抜くことで試験用ケイ素含有黒鉛負極を得た。
露点-50℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気で、上述のNCM622正極に端子を溶接した後に、その両側をポリエチレン製セパレータ(5×6cm)2枚で挟み、更にその外側を予め端子を溶接した人造黒鉛負極2枚で、負極活物質面が正極活物質面と対向するように挟み込んだ。そして、それらを一辺の開口部が残されたアルミラミネートの袋に入れ、非水電解液を真空注液した後に、開口部を熱で封止する事によって、実施例及び比較例のアルミラミネート型の非水電解液電池を作製した。なお、非水電解液として表1~8に記載のものを用いた。
また、実施例9-1~9-8、比較例9-1~9-5、実施例10-1~10-2、比較例10-1~10-3、実施例11-1~11-2、比較例11-1~11-3、実施例12-1~12-2、比較例12-1~12-3、実施例13-1~13-2、比較例13-1~13-3、実施例14-1~14-2、比較例14-1~14-3、実施例15-1~15-2、比較例15-1~15-3、実施例16-1~16-10、比較例16-1~16-3では、正極としてNCM811、負極としてケイ素含有黒鉛を用いて、同様に非水電解液電池を作製した。なお、非水電解液として表9~16に記載のものを用いた。
-初期充放電-
作製した非水電解液電池を25℃恒温槽に入れその状態で充放電装置と接続した。3mAで4.3Vまで充電を行った。4.3Vを1時間維持した後に、6mAで2.7Vまで放電を行った。これを充放電1サイクルとし、計3サイクルの充放電を行って電池を安定化させた。
初期充放電後25℃、6mAで4.3Vまで充電し、そのままインピーダンス測定により抵抗値を測定した。
本出願は、2021年2月4日出願の日本特許出願(特願2021-016941)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
Claims (15)
- (I)下記一般式(1)で表される化合物、及び下記一般式(2)で表される化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つ、
(II)溶質、及び
(III)非水有機溶媒
を含有する非水電解液。
[一般式(1)中、Xは、CH2、NH、O、S又はSO2を表す。Yは、CH又はNを表す。Zは、CH2、O又はNR5を表す。R5は、水素原子、アルカリ金属カチオン、又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。R5がアルカリ金属カチオンを表す場合、Z中の窒素原子とR5との結合はイオン結合を表す。
R1は、PO(Rf)2又はSO2Rfを表す。Rfは、ハロゲン原子又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。Rfが複数存在する場合、複数のRfは同じであっても異なっていてもよい。
R3及びR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。]
[一般式(2)中、Y及びY’は、それぞれ独立に、CH又はNを表す。Z及びZ’は、それぞれ独立に、CH2、O又はNR5を表す。R5は、水素原子、アルカリ金属カチオン、又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。R5がアルカリ金属カチオンを表す場合、Z及びZ’中の窒素原子とR5との結合はイオン結合を表す。
R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立に、PO(Rf)2又はSO2Rfを表す。Rfは、ハロゲン原子又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。Rfが複数存在する場合、複数のRfは同じであっても異なっていてもよい。
R3及びR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。] - 前記一般式(1)中のR1が、POF2又はSO2Fを表す、請求項1に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記一般式(2)中のR1及びR2が、それぞれ独立に、POF2又はSO2Fを表す、請求項1又は2に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記一般式(1)中のZがNR5を表し、前記R5が、水素原子、リチウムイオン、ナトリウムイオン、又は、炭素原子数1~4の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~4の分岐状のアルキル基を表す、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記一般式(2)中のZ及びZ’がそれぞれ独立にNR5を表し、前記R5が、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、リチウムイオン、ナトリウムイオン、又は、炭素原子数1~4の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~4の分岐状のアルキル基を表す、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記溶質が、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiSbF6、LiAsF6、LiClO4、LiCF3SO3、LiC4F9SO3、LiN(SO2F)2、LiAlO2、LiAlCl4、LiCl、及びLiIからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つ、又は、NaPF6、NaBF4、NaSbF6、NaAsF6、NaClO4、NaCF3SO3、NaC4F9SO3、NaN(SO2F)2、NaAlO2、NaAlCl4、NaCl、及びNaIからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つである、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記非水有機溶媒が、環状エステル、鎖状エステル、環状エーテル、鎖状エーテル、スルホン化合物、スルホキシド化合物、及びイオン液体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つである、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記非水有機溶媒が環状エステルを含み、前記環状エステルが、環状カーボネートである、請求項7に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記環状カーボネートが、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、及びフルオロエチレンカーボネートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項8に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記非水有機溶媒が鎖状エステルを含み、前記鎖状エステルが、鎖状カーボネートである、請求項7に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記鎖状カーボネートが、エチルメチルカーボネート、ジメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、及びメチルプロピルカーボネートからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項10に記載の非水電解液。
- 前記(I)、前記(II)、及び前記(III)の総量に対する、前記(I)の含有量が0.01~10.0質量%である、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解液。
- 更にビニレンカーボネート、ビス(オキサラト)ホウ酸塩、ジフルオロオキサラトホウ酸塩、ジフルオロビス(オキサラト)リン酸塩、テトラフルオロオキサラトリン酸塩、(ジフルオロホスホリル)(フルオロスルホニル)イミド塩、ジフルオロリン酸塩、フルオロスルホン酸塩、1,3-プロペンスルトン、1,3-プロパンスルトン、1,6-ジイソシアナトヘキサン、エチニルエチレンカーボネート、1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、4-プロピル-1,3,2-ジオキサチオラン-2,2-ジオキシド、メチレンメタンジスルホネート、1,2-エタンジスルホン酸無水物、メタンスルホニルフルオリド、トリス(トリメチルシリル)ボレート、(エトキシ)ペンタフルオロシクロトリホスファゼン、リチウムテトラフルオロ(マロナト)ホスフェート、テトラフルオロ(ピコリナト)ホスフェート、1,3-ジメチル-1,3-ジビニル-1,3-ジ(1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロイソプロピル)ジシロキサン、t-ブチルベンゼン、t-アミルベンゼン、フルオロベンゼン、及びシクロヘキシルベンゼンから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有する、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解液。
- 少なくとも、正極、負極、セパレータ、及び請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の非水電解液を含む、非水電解液電池。
- 下記一般式(1)又は下記一般式(2)で表される化合物。
[一般式(1)中、Xは、CH2、NH、O、S又はSO2を表す。Yは、CH又はNを表す。Zは、CH2、O又はNR5を表す。R5は水素原子、アルカリ金属カチオン、又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。R5がアルカリ金属カチオンを表す場合、Z中の窒素原子とR5との結合はイオン結合を表す。
R1は、POF2又はSO2Fを表す。
R3及びR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。]
[一般式(2)中、Y及びY’は、それぞれ独立に、CH又はNを表す。Z及びZ’は、それぞれ独立に、CH2、O又はNR5を表す。R5は水素原子、アルカリ金属カチオン、又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。R5がアルカリ金属カチオンを表す場合、Z及びZ’中の窒素原子とR5との結合はイオン結合を表す。
R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立に、POF2又はSO2Fを表す。
R3及びR4は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又は炭素原子数1~12の直鎖若しくは炭素原子数3~12の分岐状のアルキル基を表し、前記アルキル基中の炭素原子-炭素原子結合間には、酸素原子が含まれていてもよい。また、前記アルキル基の任意の水素原子はフッ素原子に置換されていても良い。]
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CN202280013437.1A CN116918123A (zh) | 2021-02-04 | 2022-01-28 | 非水电解液、非水电解液电池、及化合物 |
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