Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04B—KNITTING
  • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
  • D04B21/10—Open-work fabrics
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04B—KNITTING
  • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
  • D04B21/06—Patterned fabrics or articles
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04B—KNITTING
  • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
  • D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
  • D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
  • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
  • D10B2403/021—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
  • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
  • D10B2403/021—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics
  • D10B2403/0213—Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics with apertures, e.g. with one or more mesh fabric plies
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2505/00—Industrial
  • D10B2505/08—Upholstery, mattresses
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2505/00—Industrial
  • D10B2505/12—Vehicles

Definitions

• the invention relates to a spacer fabric with a first flat knitted layer, a second flat knitted layer and spacer threads connecting the knitted layers, the first knitted layer being formed from at least a first and a second thread system and having wales running in the production direction and rows of stitches running in the transverse direction.
• Spacer fabrics are characterized on the one hand by a light, air-permeable structure and on the other hand by an elastic behavior in the direction of thickness due to the spacer threads running between the two flat layers of knitted fabric. Because of these properties, spacer fabrics can be provided as soft, elastic layers that enable air circulation, for example in mattresses, upholstered furniture, items of clothing or shoes. In addition, spacer fabrics are also widely used as technical textiles in the automotive sector to be used as an elastic intermediate layer in air-conditioned seats, seat covers or interior trim parts.
• a spacer fabric as an intermediate layer for forming an interior lining of a motor vehicle is known from DE 102010010524 B4, with a reduced tear resistance being provided at several points specifically for the use of the spacer fabric over an airbag or an airbag flap.
• spacer fabric which directly forms a surface of an interior paneling part or a seat cover.
• the spacer threads in a first knitted layer form stitches by thread interlacing, while the spacer threads in the second planar knitted layer do not form any stitches and are only integrated there as a kind of weft.
• a hole structure can be provided in the second knitted layer, which is then expediently covered by weft threads on the inner side of the second knitted layer.
• Such a hole structure is usually achieved by means of a fillet arrangement, so that individual holes, which are relatively large and clearly visible, usually result from a large number of stitches.
• the present invention is based on the object of specifying an inexpensive and easy-to-manufacture spacer textile which, on the one hand, has high wear resistance and, on the other hand, can be used flexibly for different types of interior linings.
• the first thread system is formed as a fringed arrangement and the threads of the second thread system without stitch formation along the production direction in an alternating sequence are guided alternately over at least two adjacent wales, and wherein the threads of the first thread system have a greater fineness than the spacer threads.
• the hole structure of the first knitted fabric layer is not achieved by a fillet laying. Rather, the first layer of knitted fabric is essentially formed using a classic fringed arrangement, with the threads each running along a wale. In order to still get a certain hole formation, there is then a second andrejewski • honke
• Thread system which is performed as a kind of weft thread without stitch formation alternately over at least two mutually adjacent wales.
• the hole formation is achieved by the threads of the second thread system being offset in an alternating sequence.
• the sequence is 3-2 -3-1 -2-1, with the middle wale being numbered 2.
• the threads in each row of stitches are fixed to a certain extent via a stitch in the first thread system, so that the threads of the first thread system cannot be easily pulled out even when hook and loop fasteners act on them.
• the fact that the threads of the first thread system are finer than the spacer threads also contributes to the resistance of the hook and loop fastener, so that the first thread system can cover the spacer threads to a certain extent and the spacer threads can therefore not easily be caught by hook and loop hooks acting on them.
• the fineness of textile threads refers to a measure of their length-related weight.
• the fineness of fibers is also commonly referred to as a titer (cf. "Textile Manufacturing Processes - An Introduction", Gries et al., p. 411, 3rd edition). Threads with a higher fineness or titre have a greater weight and usually also thickness than threads with a lower fineness. The greater thickness of the threads of the first thread system ensures that they have a certain areal extent in areas outside the hole structure, andrejewski • honke
• the first knitted fabric layer itself should have a certain Velcro resistance, so that individual threads, in particular of the first thread system, cannot be easily pulled out in order to adversely affect the visual appearance. This is achieved by fringing the first thread system.
• the threads of the first thread system are made of a material that has little or no bulking, in particular a multifilament yarn, and thus have no excess volume or only a small excess volume that can be pulled out by the action of Velcro hooks.
• the ratio of the fineness of the threads of the first thread system to the spacer threads is at least 1.5:1, particularly preferably 2:1, very particularly preferably at least 3:1.
• the fineness of the individual threads is usually given in the unit dtex andrejewski • honke
• the threads of the first thread system preferably having a fineness of between 100 and 300 dtex, preferably between 150 and 200 dtex.
• the threads of the first thread system are also finer than the threads of the second thread system, the ratio preferably being at least 2:1, preferably at least 3:1 and very particularly preferably at least 4:1. According to such an embodiment, it is ensured that the threads of the second thread system are also protected to a certain extent by the threads of the first thread system from being pulled out by the acting Velcro hooks. Since the threads of the first thread system are decisive for the formation of the hole structure due to their staggered arrangement, pulling out individual threads would result in the hole structure not being able to be maintained over the entire surface of the first knitted layer. In particular, this would significantly degrade the visual appearance, especially since, due to the homogeneous structure of the spacer fabric, individual damage is easily visible to the user or consumer from the outside and can be perceived as particularly annoying.
• the fineness of the threads of the second thread system is preferably between 15 and 100 dtex, preferably between 20 and 60 dtex.
• different types of yarns can be used as threads for both the first and the second thread system, the threads of the first thread system preferably being formed from a multifilament thread and the threads of the second thread system being formed from a monofilament thread.
• a particularly fluffy and soft surface is created by using a multifilament yarn for the fringes in the first knitted layer.
• multifilament yarns are characterized by a low andrejewski • honke
• the first thread system is formed with one guide bar and the second thread system is formed with two guide bars, the second thread system being formed with a guide bar with feed 1 full, 1 empty.
• a sufficiently high Velcro resistance can already be achieved by using the first and the second thread system in the first knitted layer, but according to a particularly preferred embodiment a third thread system is additionally provided in the first knitted layer, which is formed as a staggered tricot layer.
• the threads are alternately guided over two adjacent wales, with a stitch formation taking place in each row of stitches. This therefore essentially distinguishes the third thread system from the second thread system, in which the threads are guided only as weft threads without stitch formation in the rows of stitches in the production direction.
• this is also a staggered arrangement, so that the threads of the third thread system are guided in an alternating sequence over at least two adjacent wales.
• the threads of the third thread system preferably form meshes where the andrejewski • honke
• Threads of the second thread system are only guided around the wale. This results in a simultaneous course of the threads of the second and third thread systems essentially in the production direction P, with the two thread systems differing only in terms of the stitch formation or the non-existent stitch formation.
• the stitch formation of the third thread system fixes the threads and therefore they cannot easily be pulled out of the first knitted layer. They thus serve as a kind of covering for the second thread system, the threads of which can be pulled out much more easily than the threads of the third thread system due to the configuration without stitch formation.
• the cover can now ensure that in the event of the Velcro hooks penetrating both the threads of the second and the third thread system would be gripped simultaneously, in which case the threads of the third thread system would not only touch themselves but also the threads due to the lack of excess volume of the second thread system in the knitted layer.
• the hole structure can be closed to a certain extent against the ingress of dust or dirt.
• the third thread system is preferably formed with two guide bars with a draw-in 1 full, 1 empty.
• the threads of the third thread system are preferably a smooth yarn.
• a smooth yarn is understood to be a yarn which is essentially uncrimped. As a result, it cannot be stretched lengthwise, or can only be stretched to an insignificant extent, and accordingly has little or no excess volume between the individual stitches. andrejewski • honke
• the knitted fabric layers and/or the spacer threads consist of polyester, in particular of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• the multifilament yarns of the first thread system preferably have between 24 and 96 filaments.
• Suitable multifilament yarns can have between 30 and 80 filaments, for example. While the material becomes even softer with an increasing number of filaments, the compression hardness and the resistance of the multifilament yarn to mechanical damage increase with a decreasing number of filaments.
• At least the multifilament yarns of the first textile layer and the spacer threads and preferably also the second textile layer are dyed not only with the same color but also in the same way.
• a configuration in which the multifilament yarns are spun-dyed is particularly preferred.
• the dye is added directly to the polymer mass in the form of a masterbatch during the manufacture of the individual filaments.
• the individual filaments are then completely and equally colored. Even in the event of mechanical damage, abrasion or the like, the surface quality can change, but not the colour.
• Spun-dyed materials are therefore particularly colour-fast over the long term, with the dyes in the polymer matrix also being protected against environmental influences such as fading. andrejewski • honke
• the spacer fabric according to the invention is characterized by a high resistance to mechanical loads.
• the spacer fabric is characterized by a Velcro resistance of at least grade 4 according to the Velcro test according to VDA 230-210 when the exposed surface of the first knitted layer is subjected to such a test.
• a grade of 5 is preferred.
• the spacer fabric according to the invention can also be used as a textile cover layer in areas subjected to high loads. In addition, however, it also has the elastic recovery properties typical of a spacer fabric and a light, open and breathable structure.
• the total thickness can be between 2.5 mm and 8 mm, for example, although the present invention is not limited to this preferred range.
• the subject matter of the invention is also interior fittings, for example a motor vehicle seat or a motor vehicle interior lining, which has the spacer fabric described as a cover material or as a decorative layer. Further possible modifications are, for example, the seats or the interior paneling of airplanes or rail-bound vehicles, such as trains, subways or the like. In aircraft in particular, there is a desire to use seats that are as light and space-saving as possible, in order to reduce the flight weight on the one hand and to be able to provide sufficient space for the largest possible number of passengers on the other. andrejewski • honke
• the interior fittings can also be a piece of furniture, for example a piece of seating furniture.
• the first layer of knitted fabric then forms the surface of the interior fittings, ie in particular the motor vehicle seat or the motor vehicle interior trim. Due to the increased resistance, Velcro fasteners or other rough or sharp-edged objects cannot damage the surface of the interior at least less easily.
• the spacer fabric according to the invention thus represents a further function due to the resistant surface, with the further advantages, namely the elastic restoring properties and the breathability, being retained.
• the resilience, the elastic properties and the air permeability can be adapted and optimized according to the respective requirements within the scope of the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a spacer fabric with a first flat knitted layer 1 and a second flat knitted layer 2 which are connected to one another by spacer threads 3 . Furthermore, it can already be seen from FIG. 1 that the first planar knitted fabric layer 1 has a hole structure with openings 4 . In contrast to the spacer fabrics known from the prior art, this hole structure 4 is not produced by a fillet arrangement but rather by means of a classic fringed arrangement, with the design of the first planar knitted layer 1 being shown in more detail in FIG.
• the first knitted fabric layer 1 consists of a first thread system 5 and a second thread system 6 and also has wales M running in the production direction P and rows of stitches R running in the transverse direction.
• the first thread system 5 is formed as a fringed arrangement and the threads of the second thread system 6 without stitch formation along the production direction P in an alternating sequence offset alternately over at least two mutually adjacent wales M and the threads of the first thread system 5 a have a greater fineness than the spacer threads 3.
• the threads of the first thread system 5 are finer than the second thread system 6 and the spacer threads 3 and thus contribute to a large part of the material on the surface of the first textile knitted fabric layer 1 . This makes it more difficult for Velcro hooks to penetrate and consequently improves the Velcro resistance of the surface.
• FIGS. 2 and 3 A comparison of FIGS. 2 and 3 also makes it clear that a third thread system 7 is also provided, which runs simultaneously with the second thread system 6 but, in contrast to the latter, is connected to the individual wales M via stitches. It is therefore a question of a staggered tricot construction, which on the one hand contributes to the stabilization of the second thread system 6 and on the other hand covers the openings 4 to a certain extent and thus protects against the ingress of dirt or dust.
• All thread systems 5, 6, 7 of the first knitted layer 1 are also made from a polyester, in particular from polyethylene terephthalate. This also applies equally to the spacer threads 3 and to the second textile knitted fabric layer 2.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
• Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=83280282

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (23)

• 2021
  • 2021-09-13 DE DE102021123643.6A patent/DE102021123643B4/de active Active
• 2022
  • 2022-08-22 WO PCT/EP2022/073290 patent/WO2023036590A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2022-08-22 JP JP2024515058A patent/JP2024533304A/ja active Pending
  • 2022-08-22 US US18/682,158 patent/US12503798B2/en active Active
  • 2022-08-22 KR KR1020247010714A patent/KR20240055045A/ko active Pending
  • 2022-08-22 CN CN202280061781.8A patent/CN117999386A/zh active Pending

Patent Citations (6)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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