WO2022249577A1 - 温熱具 - Google Patents
温熱具 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022249577A1 WO2022249577A1 PCT/JP2022/005681 JP2022005681W WO2022249577A1 WO 2022249577 A1 WO2022249577 A1 WO 2022249577A1 JP 2022005681 W JP2022005681 W JP 2022005681W WO 2022249577 A1 WO2022249577 A1 WO 2022249577A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- fiber
- sheet
- heating
- resin
- Prior art date
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-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
- B32B2307/737—Dimensions, e.g. volume or area
- B32B2307/7375—Linear, e.g. length, distance or width
- B32B2307/7376—Thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2555/00—Personal care
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heating tool.
- This water vapor-generating thermal sheet for eyes has a first moisture-permeable sheet and a second moisture-permeable sheet on the wearer's skin side, and a water vapor-generating composition is applied to the first moisture-permeable sheet and the second moisture-permeable sheet. are sequentially covered with
- the present invention relates to a heating device.
- the heating tool includes a top sheet located closer to the user's skin, a back sheet located farther from the user's skin, and a heating element held between the top sheet and the back sheet. and is preferably provided.
- the heating element preferably contains an oxidizable metal, a carbon material, an electrolyte and water. It is preferable that the heating element itself is configured to generate steam as it generates heat.
- the surface facing the skin of the topsheet is preferably made of a breathable fiber sheet containing fibers containing at least polyethylene terephthalate resin.
- the topsheet preferably contains first fibers having a fiber diameter of more than 15 ⁇ m as measured by scanning electron microscopy in plan view.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a heating tool of the present invention.
- 2 is an exploded perspective view of the heating tool shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the lateral direction, which is the longitudinal direction, of the heating tool shown in FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the heating tool shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged lateral cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the heating tool.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a device for measuring the amount of steam generated from a heating tool.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the heating tool of the present invention.
- Patent Document 1 The heating tool described in Patent Document 1 is typically packed in a compressed state in the packaging material, so the sheet material constituting the heating tool is crushed, and the problem occurs immediately after the sheet material is manufactured. There was room for improvement with respect to the bulkiness recoverability. Along with this, there is room for further improvement in fit and feeling during use of the heating tool due to the bulkiness of the sheet material.
- the present invention relates to a heating tool that has good bulk recovery properties after opening, and that has a high fit and feeling of use immediately after use.
- the heating tool of the present invention is used to apply heat to an object to be heated by bringing it into contact with the object to be heated during use.
- FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the heating tool of the present invention.
- the heating tool 1 shown in FIG. 1 is of a so-called eye mask type, and when it is used, it is brought into contact with both eyes of a person to be heated, so as to apply heat to the eyes and their surroundings. It is used.
- the heating tool 1 is designed to generate steam heated to a predetermined temperature, thereby applying heat to the object to be heated.
- the user's skin and eyes are taken as examples of objects to be heated.
- the heating tool 1 includes a main body 2 elongated in the horizontal direction X and shaped to cover the user's eyes when in use, a heating element 3 held in the main body 2, and a pair of ears. It is provided with hanging portions 4,4.
- the ear hooks 4 are provided on both outer end regions in the horizontal direction X of the main body 2 and can be turned outward in the horizontal direction X.
- the user's ears can be covered with the ear hooks 4, 4, respectively, so that the user's eyes can be kept covered by the main body 2.
- the sheet material forming the ear hook portion 4 is a stretchable sheet.
- the direction corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the heating tool 1 is also referred to as the horizontal direction X
- the direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction X is also referred to as the vertical direction Y.
- FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view of the heating tool 1.
- FIG. 3 also shows a cross-sectional view along the horizontal direction X (longitudinal direction) of the heating tool 1.
- the body portion 2 of the heating tool 1 shown in these figures has a long dimension in one direction.
- the main body part 2 is a flat one having a top sheet 5 positioned closer to the user's skin and a back sheet 6 positioned farther from the user's skin.
- the surface sheet 5 preferably constitutes a surface that comes into contact with an object to be heated such as human eyes when the heating tool 1 is used.
- the back sheet 6 is the side far from the user's skin and forms the outer surface of the heating tool 1 . That is, in FIGS. 2 and 3, the upper side is the side closer to the user's skin, and the lower side in the figure is the side farther from the user's skin.
- top sheet 5 and the back sheet 6 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are joined to each other with an adhesive 7 such as a hot-melt adhesive in a state of being superimposed on each other.
- Two heating elements 3, 3 are accommodated in the lateral direction X spaced apart from each other.
- the topsheet 5 and the backsheet 6 at least the surface of the topsheet 5 that faces an object to be heated such as skin (hereinafter also referred to as "skin-facing surface”) is made of a breathable fiber sheet. is preferable, and it is more preferable that the entire surface sheet 5 is composed of a fiber sheet.
- the topsheet 5 and the backsheet 6 may each independently have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. A detailed description of each seat 5, 6 will be given later.
- a fiber sheet is an assembly of constituent fibers in which a plurality of constituent fibers are kept in a sheet shape by at least one of entangling, fusing and bonding.
- the heating element 3 held between the top sheet 5 and the back sheet 6 in the main body 2 reacts with oxygen in the air to generate heat, and along with the heat generation, steam heated to a predetermined temperature is generated.
- the heating element 3 of the present disclosure generates steam from the heating element 3 itself as it generates heat.
- the heating element 3 includes an oxidizable metal that generates heat due to an oxidation reaction with oxygen in the air, a carbon material such as activated carbon that serves as a catalyst for the oxidation reaction, an electrolyte, and a heat generating portion 3a containing water.
- Both the oxidizable metal and the carbon material are preferably powders.
- the heat-generating portion 3a includes, for example, a heat-generating sheet made of a fiber sheet further containing a fiber material in addition to the oxidizable metal, the carbon material, the electrolyte, and water, or the oxidizable metal, the carbon material, the electrolyte, and water.
- a heat-generating sheet made of a fiber sheet further containing a fiber material in addition to the oxidizable metal, the carbon material, the electrolyte, and water, or the oxidizable metal, the carbon material, the electrolyte, and water.
- a paste-like or powder-like exothermic composition can be used.
- the heating element 3 has a water retaining agent layer containing a water retaining agent such as a water absorbing polymer so as to be adjacent to the heat generating portion 3a. is preferably further provided. Instead of this, it is also preferable that a water retention agent is mixed in the heat generating sheet or the heat generating composition.
- the heat-generating sheet and the heat-generating composition may be used alone, and at least one of the heat-generating sheet and the heat-generating composition can be used as a bag containing a plurality of sheet materials bonded together.
- materials constituting the heat-generating sheet or the heat-generating composition for example, materials described in JP-A-2003-102761 and JP-A-2006-340928 can be used.
- FIG. 3 shows the fixed state of the flat heating element 3 formed by housing the heating portion 3a in the bag 3b.
- the outer surface of the bag 3b and the inner surface of the back sheet 6 of the heating tool 1 are fixed by adhesive fixing portions 7a, 7a formed with an adhesive 7, The other surfaces are not fixed to the backsheet 6 .
- Each adhesive fixing part 7a, 7a is provided in the central region of the heating tool 1 in the horizontal direction X and extends along the vertical direction Y of the heating tool 1. As shown in FIG.
- the heating element 3 is arranged so as to be highly flexible and in close contact with the object to be heated, such as the user's eyes and the vicinity thereof, and is efficiently heated. Heat can be applied to the object to be heated.
- the insertion portion 4A is a hole through which the ear is passed when the ear hook portion 4 is hung on the ear.
- the insertion portion 4A may be formed by a through slit or the like through which the ear can be passed.
- the ear hooks 4 are joined to the outer surface of the top sheet 5 of the main body 2 at both outer end regions in the lateral direction X, thereby connecting the main body 2 and the ear hooks.
- a joint region 9 is formed to which the portion 4 is joined.
- the joint region 9 also functions as a bent portion when the ear hooking portion 4 is turned upside down with the joint end portion 9s as an axis.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the arrangement relationship of the heating elements 3, the top sheet 5, the back sheet 6, and the bonding area 9.
- the joint region 9 between the main body portion 2 and the ear hook portion 4 shown in FIGS. It is continuously joined up to and has a semi-elliptical shape.
- the joint region 9 is formed by joining the surface sheet 5 and the ear hook portion 4 together.
- the joint region 9 also functions as a bent portion when the ear hooking portion 4 is turned upside down with the joint end portion 9s as an axis.
- the joint regions 9 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 are formed by continuous joints, they may be formed by intermittent joints instead of this.
- the surface sheet 5 which is the part that contacts the object to be heated during use, preferably contains fibers having a predetermined configuration.
- a breathable fiber sheet which is a preferred embodiment of the surface sheet 5, will be described as an example.
- the fibers constituting the surface sheet 5 contain at least polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin. That is, the surface sheet 5 is an assembly of fibers containing at least PET resin as one of its constituent fibers. Fibers containing at least PET resin tend to have higher rigidity than fibers containing other thermoplastic resins. Even if the surface sheet 5 is compressed in the thickness direction of the sheet in the process prior to use such as packaging or distribution, the bulkiness of the topsheet 5 can be easily and quickly restored when the packaging bag is opened and the compressed state is released. , the softness, the fit and the feeling of use become high from immediately after use.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the topsheet 5 contains first fibers having a predetermined fiber diameter.
- the first fibers contained in the surface sheet 5 preferably have a fiber diameter of more than 15 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 25 ⁇ m or more, preferably 60 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, and further It is preferably 45 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 40 ⁇ m or less. In another embodiment, it may even more preferably be 30 ⁇ m or less. Since the first fibers have such a fiber diameter, for example, even when the heating tool is in a state of being compressed in the thickness direction, such as when it is housed in a packaging bag, the compression can be released by taking it out of the packaging bag, for example. Immediately after that, the bulkiness of the surface sheet constituting the heating tool is restored, and the fit during use is improved.
- the above-mentioned "constituent fibers containing at least a PET resin” may be the first fibers themselves having the above-described fiber diameter, or may be fibers other than the first fibers constituting the topsheet. , the first fibers and other fibers constituting the surface sheet. At least the first fibers preferably contain a PET resin in terms of improving flexibility, fit and feeling in use. In this case, the proportion of the PET resin contained in the first fibers is preferably 20% by mass or more, more preferably 40% by mass or more, even more preferably 70% by mass or more, and 100% by mass. is most preferred.
- the fiber diameter of the first fibers contained in the topsheet 5 can be measured, for example, by observing the topsheet in a plan view with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) by the following method.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- This method for measuring the fiber diameter is commonly applied as a method for measuring the fiber diameter of all the fibers described in this specification.
- a histogram of the frequency of the number of fibers and the distribution of fiber diameters (hereinafter simply referred to as It is also called a “histogram”.) is created and judged. More specifically, a measurement sample of the surface sheet to be measured is obtained by blowing a cold spray onto the heating tool to solidify the adhesive and carefully peeling it off, or by cutting it directly from the heating tool. This measurement sample has dimensions of 2 cm ⁇ 2 cm.
- the measurement sample is arranged so that the skin-facing surface and the surface farther from the user's skin (hereinafter also referred to as "non-skin-facing surface”) can be distinguished by an arbitrary method. leave it to The method of taking out the measurement sample from the surface sheet described above is common to other methods in the present disclosure.
- the fiber diameter and the number of fibers for creating a histogram are measured.
- the fiber diameter and the number of fibers are derived from a two-dimensional image obtained by observing the fibers on one side of the sample to be measured by SEM observation of the sample in plan view, magnifying the fibers by a factor of 2000, for example.
- the number of fibers is measured as one continuous fiber in the range of the obtained two-dimensional image. Observation is repeated by changing the SEM observation position until the number of fibers reaches 100 or more.
- Image analysis software can also be used for this observation. For example, as the image analysis software, Photoshop (Adobe) can be used.
- the fiber diameter is a value obtained by reading the maximum span length when a line perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fiber is drawn without defects such as fiber clumps, fiber intersections, and polymer droplets.
- the width of the fiber diameter class for creating a histogram is selected from the range of 0.1 to 0.5 ⁇ m, and based on the measurement results, the number of fibers Create a histogram of the frequency and distribution of fiber diameters.
- the created histogram when there is only one peak of the fiber diameter distribution, it is judged that the measurement surface side of the surface sheet is composed of only a single fiber. Alternatively, if there are two or more peaks in the fiber diameter distribution, it is determined that multiple types of fibers are present on the measurement surface side of the topsheet.
- a peak is the position of the fiber diameter at the apex where the frequency of fiber numbers turns from positive to negative.
- Whether the surface sheet has a single fiber layer or a plurality of fiber layers can be determined, for example, by observing the cross section of a measurement sample with a microscope, SEM, etc., and determining the presence or absence of a fiber layer depending on the difference in fiber diameter and fiber structure. The boundary can be confirmed, or confirmed by dyeing the fiber or the like. If it is difficult to visually confirm whether or not there are multiple fiber layers, a histogram is created by the above method on the other side (non-skin facing side) of the measurement sample, and The shape of the histogram on the surface (surface facing the skin) is compared with the shape of the histogram on the other surface of the measurement sample.
- the surface sheet contains only the first fibers or further contains fibers other than the first fibers.
- the position of the fiber diameter with the peak in the histogram is taken as the fiber diameter of the first fiber.
- the position of the fiber diameter indicated by the peak located on the side with the largest fiber diameter among the peaks in the fiber diameter distribution is taken as the fiber diameter of the first fiber.
- a heating tool that utilizes the heat generated by the oxidation reaction of iron should be kept in a state before use in order to block contact with oxygen and prevent the unintended oxidation reaction of iron from progressing. is sealed in a compressed state in the absence of oxygen in a packaging bag that blocks the entry of outside air.
- the heating tool having the surface sheet may During distribution of the heating tool enclosed in the sheet, the sheet is likely to be compressed in its thickness direction, and the flexibility and fit due to the top sheet may not be exhibited as designed, and there is room for improvement.
- the high rigidity of PET exhibits compression resistance, and packaging and distribution are possible. Even if it is compressed in the thickness direction of the sheet in the process before use, when the packaging bag is opened and the compressed state is released, the bulk of the surface sheet can be easily restored, and the fit and fit can be obtained immediately after use. The feeling of use is high, and the texture is good. In addition, the generation of heat and water vapor during use and the air warmed by the heat can further widen the inter-fiber distance of the fibers forming the surface sheet 5, thereby effectively increasing the bulk of the sheet. As a result, a high level of flexibility and fit is exhibited over a long period of time from the start of use of the heating tool 1 to the end of use.
- the surface sheet 5 preferably further contains one or more fibers different in type from the first fibers.
- Examples of the mode of existence of fibers in the surface sheet 5 include the following modes. Specifically, (i) a mode in which the first fibers and other fibers other than the first fibers are uniformly mixed in a portion that contacts the object to be heated such as the skin, and (ii) heating of the skin etc. A mode in which, when viewed from above, the part that contacts the object is composed of a part in which only the first fibers exist and a part in which only fibers other than the first fibers exist, or ( iii) The surface sheet 5 has a multi-layer structure having two or more fiber layers, and only one of the fiber layers contains the first fibers.
- the topsheet 5 has the aspect shown in (iii) above.
- the fiber sheet that constitutes the top sheet is maintained in a sheet form by at least one of fusion bonding and entanglement of the fibers so that the fibers have contact portions in which the constituent fibers are in contact with each other.
- the sheet form described above is preferably made of non-woven fabric.
- nonwoven fabrics in which fibers are entangled include spunlaced nonwoven fabrics, air-through nonwoven fabrics, needle-punched nonwoven fabrics, chemical-bonded nonwoven fabrics, thermal-bonded nonwoven fabrics, and the like.
- a method of entangling or fusing two or more fiber webs or non-woven fabrics can be used to achieve the above-mentioned mode (iii).
- the above-mentioned contact portion includes not only a portion where the constituent fibers are simply contacted and entangled, but also a portion where some of the fibers are fused together. This is advantageous in that the fibers are easily fixed to each other, and fluffing and falling off of the constituent fibers are reduced.
- the above-described nonwoven fabric or its constituent fibers may be surface-treated with silicone, a surfactant, or the like.
- foam sheets made from thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene and polyurethane.
- these sheet materials may be used by mixing a plurality of fibers having different fiber raw materials, fiber diameters, degrees of crimping of fibers, etc., or by combining a plurality of sheet materials to express desired properties. can.
- a first fiber layer 51 containing first fibers when the topsheet 5 has a multi-layer structure having two or more fiber layers, as shown in FIG. 5, a first fiber layer 51 containing first fibers, It is preferable to have at least a second fiber layer 52 containing fibers having different fiber diameters from the first fibers as fibers other than the first fibers. Specifically, as in the present embodiment, it is preferable to have the second fiber layer 52 containing second fibers that are fibers having a fiber diameter smaller than that of the first fibers. Additionally, the first fibrous layer 51 preferably does not contain the second fibers, and the second fibrous layer 52 preferably does not contain the first fibers.
- the surface sheet 5 preferably has at least a fiber layer containing the first fibers and a fiber layer containing fibers other than the first fibers.
- the heating tool exhibits the function of restoring the sheet bulkiness in the fiber layer containing the first fibers, and the surface of the fiber layer containing the second fibers.
- Each fiber layer can have a desired function, such as expressing a good feel and texture of the sheet.
- the surface sheet 5 is configured to efficiently and simultaneously exhibit the plurality of functions described above, and the manufacturing efficiency of such a surface sheet is further improved.
- the form of the surface sheet 5 having a two-layer structure in which the first fiber layer 51 and the second fiber layer 52 shown in FIG. 5 are arranged adjacent to each other will be taken as an example.
- the number of fiber layers is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited.
- the first fiber layer 51 and the second fiber layer 52 are arranged adjacent to each other, and one or more layers are formed on the outer surface of at least one of the first fiber layer 51 and the second fiber layer. other fibrous layers can be provided.
- one or more other fiber layers can be further provided between the first fiber layer 51 and the second fiber layer 52 . It is preferable that fibers contained in adjacent fiber layers have different fiber diameters. Therefore, in the case of Example 1, when the third fiber layer is provided on the outer surface of the first fiber layer 51, the fiber diameter of the third fiber layer may be the same as the fiber diameter of the second fiber layer. Both the fiber diameter of the first fiber layer and the fiber diameter of the second fiber layer may be different.
- the topsheet 5 shown in FIG. 5 is illustrated with clear boundaries between the fiber layers forming the topsheet 5, but the present invention is not limited to this form. That is, when the topsheet has a multi-layer structure, the boundary surfaces between the fiber layers may be clear, or the boundary surfaces between the fiber layers may be unclear. In any case, when the surface sheet 5 is viewed along the thickness direction, it can be seen that the proportion of constituent fibers in each fiber layer changes stepwise, continuously, or in combination. , is preferable from the viewpoint of handleability during production and use of the surface sheet.
- the term “free of fiber” in the present disclosure means that the fiber is not intentionally contained in the fiber layer, and that the fiber is not contained in the fiber layer at all, and that the fiber is unavoidably contained in the fiber layer includes both contamination.
- the first fibers constituting the first fiber layer 51 may cross the boundary between the fiber layers and unintentionally enter the second fiber layer side, and other unintended fibers may inevitably A mode of mixing is mentioned.
- the second fibers forming the second fiber layer 52 preferably have a fiber diameter of 6 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and It is preferably 13 ⁇ m or more, preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 25 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 17 ⁇ m or less. It is also preferable that the fiber diameter of the second fibers is smaller than the fiber diameter of the first fibers. When the second fibers have such a fiber diameter, the rigidity of the fibers is reduced, and when the topsheet is brought into contact with the skin, good touch and smooth texture can be obtained.
- the fiber diameter of the second fibers can be measured by observing the surface sheet with a scanning electron microscope in plan view in the same manner as the fiber diameter of the first fibers.
- the first fiber layer 51 When the surface sheet 5 has at least the first fiber layer 51 and the second fiber layer 52, the first fiber layer 51, as shown in FIG. It is preferably arranged on the side farther from the skin of the person. Also, as shown in the figure, the second fiber layer 52 is preferably arranged on the skin-contacting surface, which is the surface that comes into direct contact with the user's skin during use. That is, it is preferable that the second fiber layer 52 forms a skin-facing surface and is arranged so as to come into contact with the user's skin. Moreover, it is preferable that the first fiber layer 51 is arranged at a position that does not come into contact with the user's skin. In the embodiment shown in FIG.
- the first fiber layer 51 constitutes the non-skin-facing surface of the topsheet 5, is arranged on the side closest to the heating element 3, and is adjacent to the heating element 3. are arranged as follows. Since each fiber layer has such an arrangement relationship, it is possible to reduce the direct contact of the first fibers, which have a relatively high rigidity due to the inclusion of the PET resin, with the user's skin. Softness and smooth texture can be perceived by the user.
- the first fiber layer 51 contains, in addition to the first fibers, third fibers having a fiber diameter smaller than that of the first fibers and larger than that of the second fibers. It is preferable to further include. That is, the first fiber layer 51 preferably contains a plurality of fibers including at least the first fiber and the third fiber. It is more preferable that the second fiber is not included. By including the third fibers having such a predetermined fiber diameter relationship in the first fiber layer 51, the flexibility of the surface sheet can be increased compared to the configuration of only the highly rigid first fibers. The fit is further improved during use.
- the fiber diameter of the third fibers is preferably 15 ⁇ m or more on condition that the fiber diameter is thinner than the fiber diameter of the first fibers and thicker than the fiber diameter of the second fibers. , more preferably 18 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 40 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably 24 ⁇ m or less.
- the third fibers have such a fiber diameter, the stiffness is lower than that of the first fibers, which have a relatively large fiber diameter, and the flexibility of the topsheet can be increased, resulting in the feel and feeling of use of the heating device. is further improved.
- the fiber diameter of the third fibers can be measured by observing the surface sheet with a scanning electron microscope in plan view in the same measuring method as the fiber diameter of the first fibers.
- both fibers may be present in a mixed state, or the first fiber layer 51 is a layer consisting essentially of the first fibers. and a layer consisting essentially of the third fiber.
- the surface sheet 5 in the case of having a two-layer structure of the first fiber layer 51 constituting the non-skin facing surface and the second fiber layer 52 constituting the skin facing surface, for example, the following The fiber diameter of the constituent fibers can be measured by the method.
- First confirm that there are two fiber layers by the measurement method described above, and create a histogram. For example, when the first fiber layer 51 is composed only of the first fibers, the histogram of the skin-facing surface of the measurement sample has only one peak. It is the fiber diameter of one fiber. On the other hand, when the first fiber layer 51 is composed of the first fiber and the third fiber, the histogram of the skin-facing surface of the measurement sample has two peaks.
- the position of the fiber diameter showing the peak located on the side is the fiber diameter of the first fiber
- the position of the fiber diameter showing the peak located on the smaller fiber diameter side is the fiber diameter of the third fiber.
- the histogram on the non-skin facing surface of the measurement sample has only one peak, so the position of the fiber diameter indicated by the peak apex is It is the fiber diameter of the second fiber.
- the mass ratio of the third fiber to the first fiber layer 51 in the surface sheet is preferably 10% by mass or more. More preferably 25% by mass or more, still more preferably 40% by mass or more, preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably 75% by mass or less, and even more preferably 60% by mass or less. From the same point of view, the mass ratio of the first fibers to the first fiber layer 51 in the surface sheet is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 25% by mass or more, and still more preferably 40% by mass or more. It is 90% by mass or less, more preferably 75% by mass or less, and still more preferably 60% by mass or less.
- the mass ratio of the second fibers to the second fiber layer 52 in the surface sheet is preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, still more preferably 95% by mass or more, and even more preferably 100% by mass. %.
- the second fiber layer 52 is preferably composed only of the second fibers, excluding fibers that are unavoidably mixed.
- Each ratio of the first fiber, the second fiber, and the third fiber that constitute the surface sheet 5 can be measured, for example, as follows.
- Each ratio of the first fiber to the third fiber is obtained by randomly selecting 100 fibers from the first fiber layer 51 with a digital microscope and measuring the width when viewed from above as the fiber diameter. Then, after calculating the arithmetic mean value of the 100 fiber diameters, if the fiber diameter of each fiber has a difference of 2 ⁇ m or more from the arithmetic mean value, it is judged to be another fiber, and the fiber diameter is less than the arithmetic mean value A fiber having a larger diameter is defined as a first fiber, and a fiber having a fiber diameter smaller than the arithmetic mean value is defined as a third fiber.
- a fiber having a fiber diameter smaller than the average value by 2 ⁇ m is referred to as a first fiber.
- the fibers are sorted into the first fibers and the third fibers, the weight of each is measured, and the proportion of the first fibers and the third fibers per 100 randomly selected fibers is calculated.
- each of the first fiber layer 51 and the second fiber layer 52 is cut into a piece of 1 cm ⁇ 1 cm, the weight of each piece is measured, and the ratio of the first fiber layer 51 and the second fiber layer 52 is calculated.
- Each ratio of the first fiber, the second fiber and the third fiber is calculated from the above measurements.
- first fiber, the second fiber and the third fiber Preferred constituent raw materials for the first fiber, the second fiber and the third fiber are described below. It is preferable that the first fiber, the second fiber, and the third fiber all contain a thermoplastic resin from the viewpoint of convenience in manufacturing the heating tool and cost.
- Thermoplastic resins used for each fiber include, independently, polyester resins such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT); Ethylene- ⁇ olefin copolymer; vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, and polystyrene; acrylic acid resins such as polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid ester, polymethacrylic acid, and polymethacrylic acid ester; polyamide resin; , and combinations thereof.
- polyester resins such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT); Ethylene- ⁇ olefin copolymer; vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, and polystyrene; acrylic acid resins such as polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid ester,
- thermoplastic resins When the above-mentioned thermoplastic resins are used in combination, two or more thermoplastic resins having different constituents may exist in the fiber in a mixed state, or two thermoplastic resins having different constituents may be mixed.
- the boundaries between the thermoplastic resins may be clearly defined in the fiber, such as the concentric core-sheath type or eccentric core-sheath type conjugate fiber or the side-by-side type conjugate fiber.
- the combination of core/sheath in the core-sheath fiber or the combination of the first resin/second resin in the side-by-side composite fiber includes polypropylene/polyethylene, polypropylene/ethylene propylene copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate/polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate/polypropylene, and the like.
- the fiber etc. which consist of a combination are mentioned. These can be used singly or in combination.
- the type of thermoplastic resin composing the fiber can be determined by measuring the melting point by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC method).
- the first fiber preferably contains at least the PET resin as described above, and is more preferably a fiber made only of the PET resin, or a fiber made only of the PET resin and a thermoplastic resin other than the PET resin. More preferably, the fibers are made of only PET resin.
- the second fiber preferably contains a PE resin, more preferably contains a PET resin or a PP resin in addition to the PE resin, and further preferably is a fiber composed only of a PE resin and a PET resin or a PP resin.
- a PE resin more preferably contains a PET resin or a PP resin in addition to the PE resin
- a fiber composed only of a PE resin and a PET resin or a PP resin preferably is a fiber composed only of a PE resin and a PET resin or a PP resin.
- fluffing of the fibers in the surface sheet is suppressed, so that the skin or the like can perceive good smoothness, and the feeling of use is further improved. This is because when heat is applied by air-through treatment or the like in the manufacturing process of the surface sheet, the second fibers having the above-described structure are thermally fused to each other, and the resulting sheet can be reduced in fiber fluffiness. But it is advantageous.
- paper dust fine particles derived from the constituent fibers
- the sheet is improved in flexibility and the fluffiness of the fibers is reduced, while the generation and adhesion of paper dust is reduced.
- the first fibers are more preferably core-sheath fibers made of PET resin and other thermoplastic resins.
- the second fibers are made of PE resin and other materials. It is more preferable to use a core-sheath fiber made of a thermoplastic resin.
- the third fiber preferably contains a thermoplastic resin other than PET resin, more preferably contains PE resin, further preferably contains PET resin or PP resin in addition to PE resin, PP resin and PE resin It is more preferable to consist only of It is also preferable that the second fibers and the third fibers contain resins whose components are different from each other. With such a structure, fluffing of the fibers in the surface sheet is suppressed, so that the skin or the like can perceive good smoothness, and the feeling of use is further improved. This is because when heat is applied by air-through treatment or the like in the manufacturing process of the surface sheet, the second fibers having the above-described structure are thermally fused to each other, and the resulting sheet can be reduced in fiber fluffiness. But it is advantageous.
- the third fibers are more preferably sheath-core fibers made of PP resin and other thermoplastic resins.
- the third fiber preferably has a core made of PP resin and a sheath made of PE resin.
- the surface sheet 5 may contain fibers other than the fibers containing the thermoplastic resin, as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited.
- Such other fibers include, for example, wood pulp, natural fibers such as cotton and hemp, regenerated fibers such as rayon and cupra, and the like. These can be used singly or in combination.
- the sheet material that can be used for the heat generating element 3, the ear hook portion 4, the top sheet 5, and the back sheet 6 has air permeability, moisture permeability, texture, stretchability, strength, and constituent materials of the heat generating sheet and the heat generating composition. It may be determined appropriately in consideration of properties such as leakage prevention, and for example, a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, a fiber sheet such as paper, a resin foam sheet, a metal sheet, or a combination of these may be used.
- a meltblown nonwoven fabric is preferably used as the sheet material having high air permeability.
- an air-through nonwoven fabric or a thermal bond nonwoven fabric is preferably used.
- an air-through nonwoven fabric containing synthetic fibers such as polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, or polypropylene, a spunbonded nonwoven fabric, a thermal bonded nonwoven fabric, or the like is used.
- a spunbonded nonwoven fabric, a spunlaced nonwoven fabric, a needle-punched nonwoven fabric, a chemically bonded nonwoven fabric, or the like is preferably used as the sheet material used for the purpose of imparting strength.
- a nonwoven fabric surface-treated with silicone, a surfactant, or the like, or a foam sheet made from a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene or polyurethane may be used.
- these sheet materials may be used by mixing a plurality of fibers having different fiber raw materials, fiber diameters, degrees of crimping of fibers, etc., or by combining a plurality of sheet materials to express desired properties.
- the heating elements 3, the ear hooks 4, the top sheet 5, and the back sheet 6 may have a single structure consisting of only one sheet material, regardless of whether it is a single layer or multiple layers, and may be formed by stacking two or more types of sheet materials. A combined laminated structure may also be used.
- the surface sheet 5 is preferably a fiber sheet as described above, and from the viewpoint of easily obtaining a fiber sheet containing a thermoplastic resin, at least one of needle-punched nonwoven fabric, air-through nonwoven fabric, spunbond nonwoven fabric, and chemical bonded nonwoven fabric. can be preferably used.
- the surface sheet 5 is a laminate of sheet materials and each sheet material contains crimped fibers, each sheet material independently satisfies the crimp ratio and the number of crimps.
- the air permeability of the topsheet 5 is preferably 0.01 sec/100 mL or more, more preferably 50 sec/100 mL or more, and 2000 sec/100 mL. It is more preferable that it is above.
- the air permeability of the surface sheet 5 is preferably 15,000 seconds/100 mL or less, more preferably 50,000 seconds/100 mL or less, and even more preferably 10,000 seconds/100 mL or less. Air permeability is measured by the method described in JIS P8117. A low air permeability means that air does not take much time to pass through, and therefore high air permeability.
- the backsheet 6 When a nonwoven fabric is used as the backsheet 6, it is preferable to use a fiber sheet with higher air permeability than the topsheet 5. That is, the backsheet 6 preferably has a higher air permeability than the topsheet 5 as measured by the method described in JIS P8117. Specifically, the air permeability of the backsheet 6 is preferably as high as possible, and on the condition that the air permeability is higher than that of the topsheet 5, it is preferably 50 seconds/100 mL or more, more preferably 4000 seconds/100 mL or more. It is preferably 20000 seconds/100 mL or more, and more preferably a non-breathable sheet.
- the basis weight of the topsheet 5 is preferably 10 g/m 2 or more, more preferably 20 g/m 2 or more, as the basis weight of the entire sheet. , 30 g/m 2 or more.
- the basis weight of the topsheet 5 is preferably 200 g/m 2 or less, more preferably 130 g/m 2 or less, and even more preferably 90 g/m 2 or less. With such a configuration, the thickness and flexibility of the sheet can be compatible, and good feeling and fit can be exhibited.
- the basis weight of the first fiber layer 51 is preferably 10 g/m 2 or more, more preferably 15 g/m 2 or more, and more preferably 20 g/m 2 . It is more preferable that it is above.
- the basis weight of the first fiber layer 51 is preferably 100 g/m 2 or less, more preferably 80 g/m 2 or less, and even more preferably 60 g/m 2 or less.
- the basis weight of the second fiber layer 52 is preferably 5 g/m 2 or more, more preferably 10 g/m 2 or more, and more preferably 15 g/m 2 . It is more preferable that it is above.
- the basis weight of the second fiber layer 52 is preferably 50 g/m 2 or less, more preferably 40 g/m 2 or less, and even more preferably 30 g/m 2 or less.
- the density of fibers in the first fiber layer 51 is preferably 1500 fibers/cm 2 or less, more preferably 1000 fibers/cm 2 or less, still more preferably 700 fibers/cm 2 or less. cm 2 or less, and 150 lines/cm 2 or more is realistic. With such a configuration, the thickness of the sheet is increased, and good fit can be obtained.
- the existence density of the fibers in the second fiber layer 52 is preferably 200 fibers/cm 2 or more, more preferably 300 fibers/cm 2 or more, and still more preferably 400 fibers/cm 2 or more. cm 2 or more, preferably 1500 lines/cm 2 or less, more preferably 1200 lines/cm 2 or less, and even more preferably 1000 lines/cm 2 or less.
- relatively high-rigidity fibers such as the first fibers and the third fibers constituting the first fiber layer 51 unintentionally protrude toward the second fiber layer 52 side or the skin facing surface. It is possible to obtain good smoothness of the sheet surface on the contact surface with the object to be heated such as the skin.
- the existence density of the fibers in the second fiber layer 52 is higher than the existence density of the fibers in the first fiber layer.
- the existing density of fibers in the surface sheet 5 can be measured by the following method. First, the cross section of the measurement sample obtained by the above-described method is observed with a microscope or SEM to confirm differences in fiber diameter and fiber structure, thereby confirming that there are two fiber layers. Thereafter, the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer are separated from the measurement sample, and the number of fibers present in the sheet cut into a 1 cm ⁇ 1 cm square is measured by SEM observation. The measured number of fibers is calculated as the existing density of fibers per 1 cm 2 .
- the basis weight of the back sheet 6 is preferably 10 g/m 2 or more as a total basis weight, and is preferably 30 g. /m 2 or more is more preferable.
- the basis weight of the backsheet 6 is preferably 200 g/m 2 or less, more preferably 150 g/m 2 or less.
- the thickness of the surface sheet 5 is preferably within a predetermined range at the start of heat generation.
- the thickness of the surface sheet 5 at the time when the heating tool starts to generate heat is preferably 1.8 mm or more, more preferably 2.5 mm or more, still more preferably 3.5 mm or more, and preferably 6.0 mm or less. It is more preferably 5.5 mm or less, still more preferably 5.0 mm or less.
- Such a thickness means that the bulkiness of the topsheet 5 can be recovered immediately after use, so that flexibility and touch can be improved immediately after use of the heating tool. The fit to the object to be heated can be improved.
- the thickness of the surface sheet 5 after 10 minutes have passed since the heating device started to generate heat is preferably 1.7 mm or more, more preferably 3.0 mm or more, and still more preferably 4.0 mm or more. , more preferably 4.5 mm or more, preferably 8.0 mm or less, more preferably 7.0 mm or less, and even more preferably 6.5 mm or less.
- Such a thickness means that the bulkiness of the topsheet 5 can be restored and maintained during use, so that the comfortability and softness of the heating tool should be improved over a long period of time during use.
- the fit to the object to be heated can be improved.
- the thickness of the surface sheet 5 and the amount of increase thereof can be measured by the following method for the non-heating heating tool 1 sealed in a packaging bag or the like.
- a load of 3.7 gf/cm 2 is applied to the sheet in a non-heating heating tool that is enclosed in a package or the like and is in a sealed state.
- the arithmetic mean value is taken as the sheet thickness T1 (mm) at the start of heat generation.
- the sheet thickness after 10 minutes has passed is similarly measured under the same load, and the arithmetic average value is defined as the sheet thickness T2 (mm) after 10 minutes have passed.
- the thickness of the topsheet 5 of the present embodiment is increased or the thickness is maintained.
- steam is generated means that the total amount of steam generated in 10 minutes measured by the following method is 10 mg/10 minutes or more.
- This amount of steam generation can be easily achieved by using, for example, a paste containing an oxidizable metal, a carbon material, and water as the heat generating portion 3a.
- the amount of water vapor generated can be measured using, for example, an apparatus 100 having the configuration shown in FIG.
- the apparatus 100 comprises an aluminum measuring chamber 101 (4.2 L volume), an inflow channel 102 communicating with the lower part of the measuring chamber 101, and an outflow channel 103 communicating with the upper part of the measuring chamber 101.
- the inflow path 102 allows dehumidified air (humidity less than 2% RH, flow rate 2.1 L/min) supplied from an air supply unit (not shown) to flow into the measurement chamber 101 .
- the apparatus 100 includes an inlet thermo-hygrometer 104 and an inlet flow meter 105 provided in the inflow path 102, an outlet thermo-hygrometer 106 and an outlet flow meter 107 provided in the outflow path 103, and A thermometer (thermistor) 108 is provided.
- the thermometer 108 one having a temperature resolution of about 0.01° C. is preferably used.
- a method of measuring the total amount of generated water vapor using the device 100 is as follows. First, the oxygen-blocking bag is opened, and one heating element is taken out of the heating device to be measured, which is hermetically housed in the oxygen-blocking bag. When the heating element is housed in the bag, the heating element is taken out together with the bag. One surface of the bag body of the heat generating element taken out is placed on the measuring chamber 101 so as to face the outer surface, and the thermometer 108 is placed thereon. When one side and the other side of the bag are composed of sheet materials with different air permeability, the bag is placed in the measurement chamber 101 so that the surface of the bag on the side of the sheet material with high air permeability faces the outer surface.
- thermometer 108 is placed on the surface.
- dehumidified air flows from the lower part of the measurement chamber 101 through the inflow path 102, and from each temperature and each humidity measured by the inlet thermo-hygrometer 104 and the outlet thermo-hygrometer 106, Find the absolute humidity difference between Further, from the air flow rate measured by the inlet flow meter 105 and the outlet flow meter 107, the amount of water vapor released from the heating tool is calculated.
- the total amount of water vapor is the total amount (mg/10 minutes) measured for 10 minutes from the time when the heating device is taken out of the oxygen-blocking bag and the heating element is brought into contact with air as the measurement start point.
- the form of the ear hooks 4 in the heating tool 1 is not limited to the sheet-like member shown in FIGS.
- an ear hooking portion 4 made of a string-like member may be used, or an ear hooking portion 4 made of a thread-like or band-like member may be used.
- an elastic material such as rubber to make the ear hook part 4 stretchable.
- the configuration of the heating element 3 in the heating tool 1 described above has been described as a configuration in which two heating elements 3 are held apart from each other, if it is possible to impart a sense of warmth to the user's eyes and their surroundings, the heat can be applied.
- the shape of the tool is not particularly limited.
- one heating element having a shape and size that can cover the user's eyes and their surroundings may be held between the top sheet 5 and the back sheet 6, and three or more heating elements may be held. It may be held between the topsheet 5 and the backsheet 6 .
- the heating element 3 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is only partially fixed in the central region in the horizontal direction X of the heating tool 1, it is not limited to this form.
- the heating elements 3 and the backsheet 6 may be joined continuously or intermittently with an adhesive in the central area and areas other than the central area, and the heating elements 3 on the backsheet 6 are arranged. It may be joined by applying an adhesive to the entire surface of the position.
- the present disclosure also provides a package of hot implements comprising a packaging bag and a hot implement packaged within the packaging bag.
- the packaging bag is made of, for example, an oxygen-impermeable sheet material, and examples of the sheet material include a resin film alone, and a resin film laminated with a metal thin film such as aluminum. As a result, it is possible to improve the light-shielding property and the airtightness when the heating tool is packaged.
- the heating tool 1 is housed in a packaging bag while being applied with a predetermined pressure.
- the pressure applied to the heating tool in the package is preferably 500 Pa or more, more preferably 1000 Pa or more, and still more preferably 2000 Pa or more, from the viewpoint of space saving of the package during storage and distribution.
- the pressure is preferably 5000 Pa or less, more preferably 4000 Pa or less, and even more preferably 3000 Pa or less.
- a method of manufacturing a heating tool includes a step of manufacturing a topsheet.
- the manufacturing process of the surface sheet there is a method of blowing hot air onto a fibrous web containing arbitrary fibers to form the fibrous web into a non-woven fabric. This process is a so-called air-through process.
- the following method when manufacturing a surface sheet having a two-layer structure of the first fiber layer 51 containing the first fibers and the second fiber layer 52 containing the second fibers, for example, the following method can be adopted.
- a fiber web composed only of first fibers or a mixture of first fibers and third fibers hereinafter also referred to as "first fiber web”
- a fiber web composed only of second fibers hereinafter also referred to as "second fiber web”
- hot air is blown to the laminate for air-through treatment to obtain the desired surface sheet.
- This surface sheet is classified as a so-called air-through nonwoven fabric, and is a fiber sheet having air permeability.
- the surface sheet manufactured in this way is generally in the form of a long belt, but may be cut so as to have a predetermined size as necessary.
- the first fiber including the PET resin is used. It is advantageous in that the fibers contained therein are thermally fused to each other to reduce fluffing of the fibers in the resulting sheet.
- the fibers contained therein are thermally fused to each other to reduce fluffing of the fibers in the resulting sheet.
- the generation of paper dust can be reduced, so that the surface of the sheet becomes rough. It is possible to obtain a heating tool having a good tactile sensation with high productivity.
- Each fiber web described above can be produced by a known web forming method such as a carding method. Further, when the number of fiber layers is one (single-layer structure), the above-described method may be performed using only the first fiber web. When the number of fiber layers is three or more, in addition to the first and second fiber webs, other fiber webs made of other fibers are laminated to form a laminate, and this laminate is Blow hot air.
- the surface sheet described above can also be obtained by subjecting the fiber web or its laminate to a needle punching treatment. In this case, the surface sheet obtained is classified as a so-called needle-punched nonwoven fabric, and is a fiber sheet having air permeability.
- the surface sheet manufactured in this way is conveyed so as to be used in subsequent processes, and undergoes a predetermined processing process to manufacture a heating tool.
- a method for manufacturing the heating tool for example, first, while conveying the top sheet and the back sheet in the same direction, an adhesive is applied to one surface of at least one of the top sheet and the back sheet.
- the adhesive may be applied continuously or intermittently in the conveying direction of the sheet, or may be applied continuously or intermittently in the direction orthogonal to the conveying direction. Further, along with this, the adhesive may be applied so as to form a non-applied portion of the adhesive.
- the heating element 3 manufactured in a separate process is laminated on the adhesive coated surface of the sheet coated with the adhesive.
- the other sheet is laminated on the heating element 3, and the two sheets 5 and 6 are joined with an adhesive.
- the body portion 2 is formed in which the heating element 3 is held between the top sheet 5 and the back sheet 6 and joined together.
- a laminate composed of the first sheet 5, the heating element 3 and the second sheet 6 is introduced between a pair of press rolls and pressed. Bondability may be enhanced.
- a topsheet positioned closer to the user's skin, a backsheet positioned farther from the user's skin, and a heating element held between the topsheet and the backsheet,
- the heating element contains an oxidizable metal, a carbon material, an electrolyte and water,
- the heating element is configured to generate steam from the heating element itself as it generates heat
- the surface sheet is composed of a breathable fiber sheet containing fibers containing at least polyethylene terephthalate resin,
- the fiber diameter of the first fiber is more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 25 ⁇ m or more, preferably 60 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 45 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 40 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 30 ⁇ m.
- the first fiber is more preferably a fiber made only of polyethylene terephthalate resin, or a fiber made only of polyethylene terephthalate resin and a thermoplastic resin other than polyethylene terephthalate resin, More preferably, the heating implement according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2> above, which is a fiber made of only polyethylene terephthalate resin.
- the heating tool according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the first fiber is a sheath-core fiber having a core made of polyethylene terephthalate resin and a sheath made of polyethylene resin.
- the surface sheet has a multilayer structure including a first fiber layer and a second fiber layer, The first fiber is included only in any one of the fiber layers,
- the top sheet has a two-layer structure having only a first fiber layer and a second fiber layer.
- the first fiber layer contains the first fibers
- the fiber diameter of the second fibers is smaller than the fiber diameter of the first fibers, and is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 13 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 25 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably
- the second fiber preferably contains a polyethylene resin, more preferably contains a polyethylene resin and a polyethylene terephthalate resin or a polypropylene resin, further preferably consists of only a polyethylene resin and a polyethylene terephthalate resin or a polypropylene resin, and
- the heating tool according to any one of ⁇ 7> to ⁇ 9>, wherein the second fiber is a sheath-core fiber having a core made of polyethylene terephthalate resin or polypropylene resin and a sheath made of polyethylene resin.
- the first fiber layer is arranged on the side far from the user's skin when in use, The heating tool according to any one of ⁇ 5> to ⁇ 10>, wherein the second fiber layer is disposed on the skin contact surface during use.
- the fiber diameter of the third fiber is preferably 15 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 18 ⁇ m or more, and still more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, provided that the fiber diameter is smaller than that of the first fiber and larger than that of the second fiber. , preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 40 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 24 ⁇ m or less, the heating tool according to the above ⁇ 12>.
- the third fiber preferably contains a thermoplastic resin other than polyethylene terephthalate resin, more preferably contains polyethylene resin, further preferably contains polyethylene resin and PET resin or PP resin, and only PP resin and PE resin.
- the second fibrous layer includes second fibers;
- the heating tool according to any one of ⁇ 12> to ⁇ 15>, wherein the second fibers and the third fibers contain resins having different components.
- the first fiber is a fiber made of only polyethylene terephthalate resin and a thermoplastic resin other than polyethylene terephthalate resin,
- the mass ratio of the third fibers to the total mass of the first fiber layer is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 25% by mass or more, still more preferably 40% by mass or more, and preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably is 75% by mass or less, more preferably 60% by mass or less.
- the mass ratio of the first fibers to the total mass of the first fiber layer is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 25% by mass or more, still more preferably 40% by mass or more, and preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably is 75% by mass or less, more preferably 60% by mass or less.
- the heating tool according to any one of ⁇ 5> to ⁇ 19>, wherein the first fiber layer includes first fibers containing polyethylene terephthalate resin and polyethylene resin.
- the second fibrous layer includes second fibers; The content of the second fibers in the second fiber layer is preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, still more preferably 95% by mass or more, and still more preferably 100% by mass.
- the density of fibers in the first fiber layer is preferably 1500/ cm2 or less, more preferably 1000/ cm2 or less, still more preferably 700/ cm2 or less, and 150/ cm2 or more.
- the existence density of fibers in the second fiber layer is more preferably 300/cm 2 or more, still more preferably 400/cm 2 or more, preferably 1200/cm 2 or less, and more preferably 1000/cm 2 .
- the heating tool according to any one of ⁇ 5> to ⁇ 23> which is the following.
- the first fiber layer consists only of first fibers and third fibers having a fiber diameter smaller than the fiber diameter of the first fibers, excluding other fibers that are inevitably mixed
- the second fiber layer consists only of second fibers having a fiber diameter smaller than that of the first fibers and having a fiber diameter of 6 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, excluding other fibers that are inevitably mixed
- the basis weight of the first fiber layer is preferably 10 g/m 2 or more, more preferably 15 g/m 2 or more, even more preferably 20 g/m 2 or more,
- the basis weight of the second fiber layer is preferably 5 g/m 2 or more, more preferably 10 g/m 2 or more, even more preferably 15 g/m 2 or more, Heat according to any one of ⁇ 5> to ⁇ 26>, preferably 50 g/m 2 or less, more preferably 40 g/m 2 or less, and even more preferably 30 g/m 2 or less. equipment.
- the surface sheet is a fiber sheet in which the sheet form is maintained by at least one of fusion bonding and entangling of constituent fibers
- the fiber sheet is an air-through nonwoven fabric or a needle-punched nonwoven fabric.
- the thickness of the top sheet at the time when the heating tool starts generating heat is 1.8 mm or more and 6.0 mm or less.
- the heating element comprises a layer containing an oxidizable metal, a carbon material, an electrolyte, and water, and a water retention agent layer containing a water-absorbing polymer disposed adjacent to the layer.
- the heating tool according to any one of. ⁇ 32>
- the method for manufacturing a heating tool according to any one of ⁇ 2> to ⁇ 27>, The manufacturing method includes a surface sheet manufacturing step, A method for manufacturing a heating device, wherein the step includes air-through treatment of a laminate obtained by laminating a web of fibers containing polyethylene terephthalate resin and a web containing fibers other than the fibers.
- the width of the fiber diameter class is selected from the range of 0.1 to 0.5 ⁇ m, and based on the measurement results, a histogram of the frequency of the number of fibers and the distribution of the fiber diameter is created, and from the number of peaks, the surface sheet It was determined whether the fiber contained in is single or multiple types. Also, from the number of layers of the surface sheet of each example and comparative example and the diameter of the fibers contained in each layer, the types of fibers and the mass ratio of the fibers in the fiber layers were calculated. Moreover, unless otherwise specified, "%" in the following description means "% by mass".
- a first fiber web (basis weight: 40 g/m 2 ) of 100% by mass of first fibers, which is a core-sheath fiber (50% by mass of each resin) whose core is made of PET resin and whose sheath is made of PE resin, and the core is PET
- An air-through treatment was performed to obtain a surface sheet 5 (air-through nonwoven fabric, basis weight: 60 g/m 2 ) having a two-layer structure of the first fiber layer 51 and the second fiber layer 52 .
- a single layer of an air-through nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 30 g/m 2 ) made of fibers containing only a thermoplastic resin manufactured by Kinsei Paper Mfg. Co., Ltd. was used.
- Number of surface sheet layers 2 First fiber layer: 100% fiber with a fiber diameter of 22 ⁇ m
- Second fiber layer 100% fibers with a fiber diameter of 15 ⁇ m
- a heating element 3 that generates steam as it heats was manufactured.
- iron powder as an oxidizable metal is added to an aqueous solution obtained by dissolving salt as an electrolyte and a thickening agent in water, and the mixture is stirred. Further, activated carbon as a carbon material is added and thoroughly stirred until it is uniformly dispersed. , a pasty exothermic composition was obtained. A polyethylene-laminated thin paper was coated with the heat-generating composition in paste form at a basis weight of 600 g/m 2 .
- the heating element was sandwiched between a moisture-permeable sheet cut to 63 mm x 63 mm and a moisture-impermeable sheet, and the four sides of these sheets were heat-sealed, and the heat-generating part 3a was accommodated in the bag 3b. A heating element 3 was obtained.
- the surface sheet 5 was arranged so that the first fiber layer 51 constituted the facing surface of the heating element 3 and the second fiber layer 52 constituted the contact surface of the object to be heated. Moreover, the moisture-permeable sheet in the bag body 3b was arranged so as to face the surface sheet 5. As shown in FIG. By arranging the respective members in this way, the heating element 3 formed to generate steam upon heat generation is joined between the sheets 5 and 6 described above so as to house the heating element 3, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. , and a heating tool having the structure shown in FIG.
- Examples 2 to 4 As shown in Table 1 below, the types and proportions of the fibers forming the surface sheet 5 were changed. Specifically, the first fiber made only of PET resin and the core of PP resin/sheath of PE resin (Example 2), or the core of PET resin/sheath of PE resin (Examples 3 and 4). A mixture with certain third fibers was supplied to a carding machine to form a mixed fiber web of the first fibers and the third fibers, which was designated as the first fiber web. Except for this, in the same manner as in Example 1, a heating tool provided with the topsheet 5, which is an air-through nonwoven fabric having a two-layer structure, was obtained.
- Example 2 Number of surface sheet layers: 2 First fiber layer: 30% fibers with a fiber diameter of 27 ⁇ m, 70% fibers with a fiber diameter of 22 ⁇ m. Second fiber layer: 100% fibers with a fiber diameter of 15 ⁇ m.
- Example 3 Number of surface sheet layers: 2 First fiber layer: 30% fibers with a fiber diameter of 27 ⁇ m, 70% fibers with a fiber diameter of 22 ⁇ m. Second fiber layer: 100% fibers with a fiber diameter of 15 ⁇ m.
- Example 5 As shown in Table 1 below, the types and proportions of the fibers forming the surface sheet 5 were changed. Specifically, except for using the second fiber web of 100% by mass of the second fiber, which is a core-sheath fiber (each resin is 50% by mass), the core is made of PP resin and the sheath is made of PE resin. In the same manner as above, a heating tool provided with a top sheet 5 made of air-through nonwoven fabric having a two-layer structure was obtained. Number of surface sheet layers: 2 First fiber layer: 50% fibers with a fiber diameter of 27 ⁇ m, 50% fibers with a fiber diameter of 22 ⁇ m. Second fiber layer: 100% fibers with a fiber diameter of 15 ⁇ m.
- Example 6 As shown in Table 1 below, the types and proportions of the fibers forming the surface sheet 5 were changed. Specifically, a mixture of a first fiber having a core made of PET resin/a sheath made of PE resin and a third fiber having a core made of PP resin/a sheath made of PE resin is supplied to a carding machine, and the first fiber and third fibers to form a mixed fiber web, which was used as the first fiber web. Except for this, in the same manner as in Example 1, a heating tool provided with the topsheet 5, which is an air-through nonwoven fabric having a two-layer structure, was obtained.
- Example 6 Number of surface sheet layers: 2 First fiber layer: 50% fibers with a fiber diameter of 27 ⁇ m, 50% fibers with a fiber diameter of 22 ⁇ m. Second fiber layer: 100% fibers with a fiber diameter of 15 ⁇ m.
- Example 7 As shown in Table 1 below, the type and composition ratio of the fibers constituting the surface sheet 5 were changed, and a core-sheath fiber of PET resin/PE resin having a fiber diameter different from that of Example 5 was used as the first fiber. A heating tool was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the surface sheet 5, which was a single-layer air-through nonwoven fabric composed only of the first fibers, was used. ⁇ Example 7> Number of surface sheet layers: 1 First fiber layer: 100% fibers with a fiber diameter of 22 ⁇ m.
- the first fiber (basis weight: 20 g/m 2 ), which is a core-sheath fiber (50% by mass of each resin) with a core made of PET resin and a sheath made of PE resin, and a core
- a first fiber web (total basis weight: 40 g/m 2 ) was prepared by mixing with a third fiber (basis weight: 20 g/m 2 ) made of PP resin and having a sheath made of PE resin.
- a fiber diameter different from that used in Example 1 was used.
- a second fiber web (basis weight: 20 g/m 2 ) of 100% by mass of second fibers, which are core-sheath fibers (each resin is 50% by mass), has a core made of PP resin and a sheath made of PE resin.
- Number of surface sheet layers 2 First fiber layer: 50% fibers with a fiber diameter of 40 ⁇ m, 50% fibers with a fiber diameter of 22 ⁇ m.
- Second fiber layer 100% fibers with a fiber diameter of 15 ⁇ m.
- Example 9 As shown in Table 1 below, the type and composition ratio of the fibers that make up the surface sheet 5 are changed, and the needles are applied to the first fiber web consisting only of the first fibers that are core-sheath fibers made only from PET resin. Punching was performed to obtain a single-layer surface sheet 5 as a needle-punched nonwoven fabric. A heating tool was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for this.
- Number of surface sheet layers 1
- First fiber layer 100% fibers with a fiber diameter of 19 ⁇ m.
- Example 10 As shown in Table 1 below, the types and proportions of the fibers forming the surface sheet 5 were changed. Specifically, a mixture of a first fiber made of only PET resin and a third fiber having a core of PP resin and a sheath of PE resin is supplied to a carding machine, and the mixed fiber of the first fiber and the third fiber is A web was formed and used as the first fiber web. Except for this, in the same manner as in Example 1, a heating tool provided with the topsheet 5, which is an air-through nonwoven fabric having a two-layer structure, was obtained. ⁇ Example 10> Number of surface sheet layers: 2 First fiber layer: 60% fibers with a fiber diameter of 27 ⁇ m, 40% fibers with a fiber diameter of 22 ⁇ m. Second fiber layer: 100% fibers with a fiber diameter of 15 ⁇ m.
- a fiber web was prepared from a mixture of a first fiber, which is a core-sheath fiber having a core of PP resin and a sheath of PE resin, and a third fiber composed only of PP resin, and this fiber The web was needle-punched to obtain a single-layer surface sheet 5 as a needle-punched nonwoven fabric. A heating tool was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for this.
- the thickness T1 (mm) of the surface sheet 5 at the start of heat generation and the sheet thickness T2 (mm) after 10 minutes from the start of heat generation were measured and calculated.
- the measurement environment was a room with a temperature of 26° C. and a relative humidity of 50%.
- the packaging bag is opened and the heating implements are exposed to an oxygen-containing atmosphere such as air. Then, only the surface sheet 5 was carefully cut out from the heating tool to a size of 1.5 cm square so as not to press the sheet in the thickness direction as a measurement sample. It was placed on a flat surface of a digital microscope (VHX-1000, manufactured by KEYENCE) as follows. This operation was performed within 30 seconds from the start of opening the packaging bag. Then, 30 seconds after the start of opening, the length of the sheet cross section from end to end was measured at three or more points using the digital microscope, and the calculated average value was the sheet thickness T1 (mm ).
- VHX-1000 digital microscope
- each measurement sample was prepared by carefully cutting out the surface sheet 5 from the heating tool after 10 minutes without pressing the surface sheet 5 with the above-mentioned dimensions, and the sheet thickness T2 ( mm).
- the results are shown in Table 1 below.
- the oxygen-blocking bag is opened, and one heating element is housed in the bag, with the heating device to be measured sealed and housed in the oxygen-blocking bag. Take it out of the heating tool in a warm state.
- a temperature sensor of a data collection thermometer (LT-8, manufactured by Gram) is attached to the wearer's upper eyelid and secured with surgical tape. After that, the heating tool is attached so that the surface sheet 5 is in contact with the temperature sensor. Then, the temperature is measured over time while a thermometer is connected to the temperature sensor. The temperature is measured at intervals of 10 seconds from the start of heat generation, and the measurement is performed for a total of 60 minutes.
- the length of time during which the temperature of 38° C. or higher was measured was defined as the holding time of 38° C. or higher.
- the maximum temperature measured from the same temperature profile was taken as the maximum reached temperature.
- the heating tools of each example using fibers containing a PET resin as the constituent fibers of the topsheet showed an early increase in the bulkiness of the topsheet immediately after use compared to the heating tools of the comparative examples. It can be seen that it recovers, has flexibility, has a good feel, and has a high fit during use.
- a heating element configured to generate 10 mg/10 minutes or more of water vapor, since it is possible to improve heat application. Therefore, it can be seen that the heating tool of the present disclosure has good bulk recovery properties after unsealing, and is excellent in both flexibility and fit to the wearer's body immediately after use.
- the heating tool of Example 8 which is a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, was superior to those of Examples 4 and 5 in the smoothness and flexibility of the surface sheet and the fit of the heating tool at the same level.
- the generation of paper dust is reduced.
- the first fiber used in Example 8 contains a PE resin having a lower melting point than the PET resin, so that the PE resin is melted by heat such as an air-through treatment, and the fusion points between the constituent fibers are increased. It is formed. As a result, it is considered that falling-off and peeling of constituent fibers including the first fibers were effectively reduced.
- the reduction in the generation of paper dust prevents deterioration in the quality of raw materials caused by the generation and adhesion of paper dust during the production of heating tools, and unintended raw materials that do not meet the quality required at the time of production.
- the amount of waste can be reduced.
- the heating tool of the present invention is advantageous in that it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost and improve the productivity in manufacturing the heating tool, and to reduce the environmental load caused by the reduction of waste. be.
- the heating tool of Example 10 which is the most preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, compared to that of Example 8, has an equivalent level of flexibility of the top sheet, while the smoothness of the top sheet is excellent. , the fit of the heating tool, and the productivity due to the generation of paper dust are particularly excellent.
- the reason for this is that the first fiber used in Example 8 contains PET resin and PE resin, while the first fiber used in Example 10 contains only PET resin. It is believed that this is because, when released, the bulkiness of the topsheet was easily restored, and a suitable thickness was sufficiently maintained.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a heating tool that has good bulk recovery properties after opening, and that has a high fit and a high feeling of use immediately after use.
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Abstract
Description
前記温熱具は、使用者の肌に近い側に位置する表面シートと、使用者の肌から遠い側に位置する裏面シートと、該表面シートと該裏面シートとの間に保持されている発熱体とを備えることが好ましい。
前記発熱体は、被酸化性金属、炭素材料、電解質及び水を含むことが好ましい。
前記発熱体は、発熱に伴って該発熱体自体から蒸気を発生するように構成されていることが好ましい。
前記表面シートは、その肌対向面が、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を少なくとも含有する繊維を含む通気性の繊維シートから構成されていることが好ましい。
前記表面シートは、その平面視において走査型電子顕微鏡観察によって測定される繊維径が15μm超である第1繊維を含むことが好ましい。
温熱具1は、所定温度に加熱された水蒸気が発生するようになされており、これによって、加熱対象体に対して温熱を付与することができる。以下の説明では、特に断りのない限り、加熱対象体として使用者の肌や眼を例にとり説明する。
耳掛け部4は、本体部2の横方向Xの両外端域に設けられており、横方向Xの外方へ向けて反転可能となっている。これによって、各耳掛け部4,4を使用者の耳にそれぞれ掛けて、本体部2による使用者の両眼の被覆状態を維持できるようになっている。
装着性の向上の観点から、耳掛け部4を構成するシート材は、伸縮性を有するシートであることが好ましい。以下の説明では、温熱具1の長手方向に相当する方向を横方向Xともいい、横方向Xに直交する方向を縦方向Yともいう。
本体部2は、使用者の肌に近い側に位置する表面シート5と、使用者の肌から遠い側に位置する裏面シート6とを備える扁平のものである。
表面シート5は、温熱具1の使用時において、ヒトの両眼等の加熱対象体と当接する面を構成することが好ましい。
裏面シート6は、使用者の肌から遠い側の面であり、温熱具1の外面を形成している。つまり、図2及び図3中、上方が使用者の肌に近い側であり、同図中下方が使用者の肌から遠い側である。
表面シート5及び裏面シート6のうち、少なくとも表面シート5における肌等の加熱対象体と対向する面(以下、「肌対向面」ともいう。)は、通気性を有する繊維シートから構成されることが好ましく、表面シート5全体が繊維シートで構成されていることがより好ましい。また、表面シート5及び裏面シート6は、それぞれ独立して、単層構造であってもよく、複層構造であってもよい。
各シート5,6の詳細な説明は後述する。繊維シートは、複数の構成繊維が絡合、融着及び接合の少なくとも一種の態様によりシート状に保形された構成繊維の集合体である。
詳細には、発熱体3は、空気中の酸素との酸化反応に伴う発熱を生じさせる被酸化性金属、酸化反応の触媒となる活性炭等の炭素材料、電解質及び水を含む発熱部3aを備える。被酸化性金属及び炭素材料は、好ましくはいずれも粉末である。
発熱体3の発熱によって水蒸気の発生量を高めることができる水を十分に保持させる観点から、発熱体3は、発熱部3aに隣接するように、吸水性ポリマー等の保水剤を含む保水剤層を更に備えることが好ましい。これに代えて、前記発熱シート又は前記発熱組成物内に、保水剤が混合されていることも好ましい。
図2及び図4に示すように、耳掛け部4は、横方向Xの両外端域において、本体部2における表面シート5の外面に接合されており、これによって、本体部2と耳掛け部4とが接合された接合領域9が形成されている。接合領域9は、接合端部9sを軸として、耳掛け部4を反転させるときの折り曲げ部としても機能する。
図4に示すように、接合領域9は、表面シート5と耳掛け部4とが接合して形成されたものである。接合領域9は、接合端部9sを軸として、耳掛け部4を反転させるときの折り曲げ部としても機能する。図2及び図4に示す接合領域9は連続的に接合されて形成されているが、これに代えて、間欠的に接合されて形成されていてもよい。
PET樹脂を少なくとも含有する繊維は、他の熱可塑性樹脂を含有する繊維と比較して剛性が高くなりやすいので、PET樹脂を少なくとも含有する繊維を含む表面シート5を用いることによって、温熱具1が包装や流通等の使用前の過程でシート厚み方向に圧縮されてしまった場合でも、包装袋を開封して圧縮状態を解除したときに、表面シート5の嵩高さが容易に且つ早期に回復し、使用直後から柔軟性、フィット性及び使用感が高いものとなる。
第1繊維がこのような繊維径を有することによって、例えば温熱具が包装袋に収容されるなどして厚み方向に圧縮された状態であっても、包装袋から取り出す等して圧縮が解除されたあとすぐに、温熱具を構成する表面シートの嵩高さが回復し、使用時のフィット性が向上する。
まず表面シートが、1種類の繊維径のみの繊維を含むものか、又は複数の繊維径の繊維を更に含むか否かを繊維本数の頻度と繊維径の分布とのヒストグラム(以下、これを単に「ヒストグラム」ともいう。)を作成して判断する。
詳細には、温熱具にコールドスプレーを吹き付けて接着剤を固化させ丁寧に剥離するか、又は温熱具から直接切り出すなどして、測定対象の表面シートの測定サンプルを得る。この測定サンプルは、2cm×2cmの寸法とする。このとき、測定サンプルは、肌対向面と、使用者の肌から遠い側に這い側に配される面(以下、これを「非肌対向面」ともいう。)を任意の方法で区別できるようにしておく。上述した表面シートからの測定サンプルの取り出し方法は、本開示における他の方法でも共通とする。
繊維径は、繊維の塊、繊維の交差部分、ポリマー液滴といった欠陥を除いた繊維における繊維の長手方向に直交する線を引いたときの最大差し渡し長さを読み取った値とする。
作成したヒストグラムにおいて、繊維径分布のピークが1つのみ存在する場合には、表面シートにおける測定面側は単一の繊維のみで構成されていると判断する。これに代えて、繊維径分布のピークが2つ以上存在する場合には、表面シートにおける測定面側は複数種の繊維が存在すると判断する。ピークとは、繊維本数の頻度において正から負に転じる頂点における繊維径の位置である。
繊維層が複数存在するか否かを目視によって確認することが困難である場合は、測定サンプルの他方の面(非肌対向面)においても上述の方法でヒストグラムを作成し、測定サンプルの一方の面(肌対向面)におけるヒストグラムの形状と、測定サンプルの他方の面におけるヒストグラムの形状とを比較する。これらのヒストグラムのピークの個数又は出現位置が互いに異なる場合は、繊維層が複数存在すると判断する。一方、これらのヒストグラムのピークの個数及び出現位置が同等である場合には、繊維層が単一であると判断する。
これに加えて、使用時の熱及び水蒸気の発生及び熱によって温まった空気によって、表面シート5を構成する繊維の繊維間距離を更に広げて、シートを効率的に嵩高くさせることができる。その結果、温熱具1の使用開始から使用終了までの長時間にわたって、柔軟性及びフィット性が高いレベルで発現する。
また同様の観点から、表面シートを構成する繊維シートは、構成繊維どうしが互いに接触した接触部を有するように、これらの繊維が融着及び絡合のうち少なくとも一種の態様によってシート形態が維持された状態であることが好ましい。
特に、上述のシート形態は、不織布からなることが好ましい。繊維が絡合した不織布の例としては、スパンレース不織布、エアスルー不織布、ニードルパンチ不織布、ケミカルボンド不織布、サーマルボンド不織布等が挙げられる。上述した(iii)に示す態様とするためには、2枚以上の繊維ウエブ又は不織布を、絡合又は融着する方法が挙げられる。例えば、エアスルー不織布であれば、上述した接触部は、構成繊維どうしが単に接触して絡合した部位に加えて、繊維の一部どうしが融着した部位も含んで形成されているので、構成繊維どうしが固定されやすくなり、構成繊維の毛羽立ちや脱落が低減される点で有利である。
これに加えて、上述した不織布又はその構成繊維に対して、シリコーンや界面活性剤等で表面処理したものを用いてもよい。
これに加えて、第1繊維層51は第2繊維を含まないことが好ましく、また第2繊維層52は第1繊維を含まないことが好ましい。すなわち、表面シート5は、第1繊維を含んで構成された繊維層と、第1繊維を除く他の繊維で構成された繊維層とを少なくとも有することが好ましい。
このように繊維径が異なる繊維を含む繊維層を複数設けることによって、温熱具は、第1繊維を含む繊維層ではシート嵩高さの回復の機能を発現させ、第2繊維を含む繊維層では表面シートの良好な肌触りや質感を発現させるという、各繊維層で目的とする機能を具備させることができる。その結果、表面シート5は、上述した複数の機能を効率的且つ同時に発現できる構成となり、またそのような表面シートの製造効率が更に向上する。
隣接して配される互いの繊維層に含まれる繊維は、その繊維径が互いに異なるものを含むことが好ましい。したがって、例1の場合において、第3繊維層が、第1繊維層51の外面に設けられる場合、第3繊維層の繊維径は、第2繊維層の繊維径と同じであってもよいし、第1繊維層の繊維径と第2繊維層の繊維径といずれも異なるものであってもよい。
いずれの場合であっても、表面シート5を厚み方向に沿って見たときに、各繊維層における構成繊維の存在割合が階段状に、連続的に、又はその組み合わせで変化していることが、表面シートの製造時及び使用時の取り扱い性の観点から好ましい。
また第2繊維の繊維径は、第1繊維の繊維径よりも細いことも好ましい。
第2繊維がこのような繊維径を有することによって、繊維の剛性を低減して、表面シートが肌に当接したときに、良好な肌触りや滑らかな質感が得られる。
第2繊維の繊維径は、第1繊維の繊維径と同様の測定方法で、表面シートを平面視における走査型電子顕微鏡による観察を行って、測定することができる。
すなわち、第2繊維層52は肌対向面を構成し、使用者の肌に当接するように配されていることが好ましい。
また第1繊維層51は使用者の肌に当接しない位置に配されていることが好ましい。図5に示す実施形態においては、第1繊維層51は、表面シート5の非肌対向面を構成しており、発熱体3と最も近い側の位置に配され、且つ発熱体3と隣接するように配されている。
各繊維層がこのような配置関係となっていることによって、PET樹脂の含有によって剛性が比較的高くなっている第1繊維が使用者の肌に直接接触することを低減できるので、表面シートの柔軟性及び滑らかな質感を使用者が知覚することができる。
このような所定の繊維径の関係を有する第3繊維を第1繊維層51に含有させることによって、剛性の高い第1繊維のみの構成に比べて、表面シートの柔軟性を高めることができ、使用時にフィット性が更に向上する。
第3繊維がこのような繊維径を有することによって、繊維径が相対的に大きい第1繊維に比べて剛性が低くなり、表面シートの柔軟性を高めることができ、温熱具の肌触り及び使用感が更に向上する。
第3繊維の繊維径は、第1繊維の繊維径と同様の測定方法で、表面シートを平面視における走査型電子顕微鏡による観察を行って、測定することができる。
第1繊維層51に第1繊維及び第3繊維が含まれている場合、両繊維は混合状態で存在していてもよく、あるいは第1繊維層51は、第1繊維から実質的になる層と、第3繊維から実質的になる層との多層構造になっていてもよい。
まず上述した測定方法にて繊維層が2層あることを確認し、ヒストグラムを作成する。
例えば、第1繊維層51が第1繊維のみで構成されている場合には、測定サンプルの肌対向面におけるヒストグラムはピークが1つのみ存在するので、当該ピーク頂点が示す繊維径の位置が第1繊維の繊維径である。一方、第1繊維層51が第1繊維及び第3繊維で構成されている場合には、測定サンプルの肌対向面におけるヒストグラムはピークが2つ存在するので、当該ピークのうち、繊維径が大きい側に位置するピーク示す繊維径の位置を第1繊維の繊維径とし、繊維径が小さい側に位置するピーク示す繊維径の位置が第3繊維の繊維径とする。
また、第2繊維層52が第2繊維のみで構成されている場合には、測定サンプルの非肌対向面におけるヒストグラムはピークが1つのみ存在するので、当該ピーク頂点が示す繊維径の位置を第2繊維の繊維径とする。
同様の観点から、表面シートにおける、第1繊維層51に対する第1繊維の質量割合は、好ましくは10質量%以上、より好ましくは25質量%以上、更に好ましくは40質量%以上であり、好ましくは90質量%以下、より好ましくは75質量%以下、更に好ましくは60質量%以下である。
このような構成となっていることによって、表面シートが肌に当接したときに、剛性が比較的低い第2繊維が当接しやすくなるので、良好な肌触りや滑らかな質感が効果的に得られる。
第1繊維と第3繊維の各割合は第1繊維層51をデジタルマイクロスコープで無作為に100本の繊維を選択し、平面視した際の横幅を繊維径として計測する。そして、100本の繊維径の算術平均値を算出した後、各繊維の繊維径が算術平均値よりも2μm以上差がある場合は別の繊維であると判断し、算術平均値よりも繊維径が大きい繊維を第1繊維とし、算術平均値よりも繊維径が小さい繊維を第3繊維とする。なお、繊維径が平均値より2μm未満である繊維は第1繊維とする。繊維径を測定後に第1繊維と第3繊維とに仕分けをし、それぞれの重量を測定し無作為に選択した100本あたりにおける第1繊維と第3繊維の割合を算出する。次に第1繊維層51と第2繊維層52をそれぞれ1cm×1cmに切り出し、それぞれの重量を測定し、第1繊維層51と第2繊維層52の割合を算出する。上記の測定から第1繊維、第2繊維及び第3繊維の各割合を算出する。
芯鞘繊維における芯/鞘の組み合わせ、又はサイドバイサイド複合繊維における第1の樹脂/第2の樹脂の組み合わせとして、ポリプロピレン/ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン/エチレンプロピレン共重合体、ポリエチレンテレフタレート/ポリエチレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート/ポリプロピレンなどの組み合わせからなる繊維等が挙げられる。これらは単独で又は複数種組み合わせて用いることができる。
本発明においては、繊維を構成する熱可塑性樹脂の種類は、示差走査熱量分析法(DSC法)による融点の測定によって判断できる。
このような構成となっていることによって、温熱具の圧縮状態を解除したときに、第1繊維の剛性に起因して表面シートの嵩高さが容易に回復し、柔軟性の効果的な発現に好適な厚みを十分に維持することができる。これに加えて、表面シートの厚みの変化量も大きくなり使用時のフィット性が向上する。
このような構成となっていることによって、表面シートにおける繊維の毛羽立ちを抑えることで肌等に良好な滑らかさを知覚させることができ、使用感が更に向上する。このことは、表面シートの製造工程においてエアスルー処理等による熱の付与を行った際に、上述した構成を有する第2繊維どうしが熱融着して、得られるシートにおいて繊維の毛羽立ちを低減できる点でも有利である。更に、温熱具の製造過程において表面シートを搬送した場合であっても、表面シートの繊維剥離片や繊維脱落片、並びに構成繊維由来の微粒子(以下、これらを総称して「紙粉」ともいう。)が発生したり、紙粉がシート表面に付着したりすることを低減できるので、シート表面のざらつきを防いで、良好な触感を有する温熱具を得られる。またこれに加えて、シートの破棄量の低減や生産効率性の上昇が可能である。
また紙粉の発生及び付着を低減しつつ、柔軟性の向上と繊維の毛羽立ち低減とに起因するシートの肌触り及び温熱具の使用感を一層向上させる観点から、第2繊維は、PE樹脂及び他の熱可塑性樹脂からなる芯鞘繊維であることが一層好ましい。
このような構成となっていることによって、表面シートにおける繊維の毛羽立ちを抑えることで肌等に良好な滑らかさを知覚させることができ、使用感が更に向上する。このことは、表面シートの製造工程においてエアスルー処理等による熱の付与を行った際に、上述した構成を有する第2繊維どうしが熱融着して、得られるシートにおいて繊維の毛羽立ちを低減できる点でも有利である。更に、温熱具の製造過程において表面シートを搬送した場合であっても、紙粉が発生したり、紙粉がシート表面に付着したりすることを低減できるので、シート表面のざらつきを防いで、良好な触感を有する温熱具を得られる。またこれに加えて、シートの破棄量の低減や生産効率性の上昇が可能である。
このような他の繊維としては、例えば、木材パルプ、コットン及び麻等の天然繊維、レーヨン及びキュプラ等の再生繊維等が挙げられる。これらは単独で又は複数種組み合わせて用いることができる。
伸縮性を発現させる目的で用いられるシート材としては、例えばポリエチレンテレフタレート等のポリエステル、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等の合成繊維を含むエアスルー不織布やスパンボンド不織布、サーマルボンド不織布等が用いられる。
強度を付与する目的で用いられるシート材としては、スパンボンド不織布やスパンレース不織布、ニードルパンチ不織布、ケミカルボンド不織布等が好適に用いられる。
発熱体3、耳掛け部4、表面シート5及び裏面シート6は、単層及び多層を問わない一枚のシート材のみからなる単一構造であってもよく、二種以上のシート材を重ね合わせた積層構造であってもよい。
このような構成となっていることによって、包装袋を開封して圧縮状態を解除したときに、表面シートの嵩高さが容易に回復し、使用直後から厚みの変化量も大きく、フィット性及び使用感が高く、肌触りが良好なものとなる。
このような構成となっていることによって、第1繊維層51を構成する第1繊維や第3繊維などの剛性の比較的高い繊維が第2繊維層52側や肌対向面に意図せず突き出すことを防いで、肌等の加熱対象体との当接面において、シート表面の良好な滑らかさを得ることができる。
またこのような効果を得る観点から、第2繊維層52の繊維の存在密度は、第1繊維層の繊維の存在密度よりも高いことが好ましい。
まず、上述の方法で得た測定サンプルの断面をマイクロスコープやSEMによって観察して、繊維径や繊維構造の違いを確認して、繊維層が2層あることを確認する。その後、測定サンプルから第1繊維層と第2繊維層とを分離して、1cm×1cm角に切り取ったシートに存在する繊維本数をSEM観察して計測する。計測した繊維本数を1cm2あたりの繊維の存在密度として算出する。
このような厚みとなっていることによって、表面シート5の嵩高さを使用直後に回復できていることを意味するので、温熱具の使用直後から柔軟性及び肌触りを良好にすることができるとともに、加熱対象物へのフィット性を向上させることができる。
このような厚みとなっていることによって、表面シート5の嵩高さを使用中に回復及び維持できていることを意味するので、温熱具の使用中の長期にわたって柔軟性及び肌触りを良好にすることができるとともに、加熱対象物へのフィット性を向上させることができる。
パッケージ等に封入されて密封状態となっている未発熱の温熱具において、3.7gf/cm2の荷重をシートに付与して、定圧厚さ測定器等を用いて3箇所以上測定し、その算術平均値を発熱開始時点のシート厚みT1(mm)とする。同様に、10分経過後時点でのシート厚みを同荷重下で同様に測定し、その算術平均値を10分経過後時点でのシート厚みT2(mm)とする。
このとき、該包装袋等の開封を開始して、温熱具1を空気等の酸素含有雰囲気に触れさせ且つ開封開始から平面台上に表面シート5を広げて載置するまでに要する時間、つまり開封開始から30秒後の時点を「発熱開始時点」と定義する。このとき、本実施形態の表面シート5は、表面シート5の厚みが増加しているか、又は厚みが維持されていることが好ましい。
水蒸気発生量の測定は、例えば図5に示す構成を有する装置100を用いて測定することができる。装置100は、アルミニウム製の測定室101(容積4.2L)、測定室101の下部に連通して配された流入路102、及び測定室101の上部に連通して配された流出路103を備える。流入路102は、空気供給部(図示せず)から供給された除湿空気(湿度2%RH未満、流量2.1L/分)を測定室101に流入できるようになっている。これに加えて、装置100は、流入路102に設けられた入口温湿度計104及び入口流量計105、流出路103に設けられた出口温湿度計106及び出口流量計107、測定室101内に設けられた温度計(サーミスタ)108を備える。温度計108としては、好ましくは温度分解能が0.01℃程度のものを使用する。
まず、酸素遮断袋内に密閉収容した測定対象の温熱具を対象として、酸素遮断袋を開封し、そして、1つの発熱体を取り出す。発熱体が袋体に収容されている場合、発熱体を袋体とともに取り出す。
取り出した発熱体の袋体の一方の面が外面に向くように測定室101に載置し、温度計108をその上に載せる。袋体の一方の面と他方の面とが通気性の異なるシート材で構成されている場合、袋体における通気性の高いシート材側の面が外面に向くように測定室101に載置し、該面上に温度計108を載せる。
この状態で測定室101の下部より流入路102を介して除湿空気を流し、入口温湿度計104と出口温湿度計106とで計測される各温度及び各湿度から、測定室101の空気流通前後の絶対湿度の差を求める。更に入口流量計105と出口流量計107とで計測される空気流量から、発熱具から放出された水蒸気量を算出する。総水蒸気量は、温熱具を酸素遮断袋から取り出して発熱体を空気に接触させた時点を測定開始時点とし、該時点から10分間に測定された総量(mg/10分)とする。
包装袋は、例えば、酸素不透過性のシート材から構成されており、当該シート材としては、樹脂フィルム単独で用いたり、あるいは該樹脂フィルムにアルミニウム等の金属薄膜を積層したものが挙げられる。これによって、温熱具を包装したときの遮光性や気密性を向上させることができる。
詳細には、包装体においてに温熱具付与された圧力は、保管時及び流通時における包装体の省スペース化の観点から、好ましくは500Pa以上、より好ましくは1000Pa以上、更に好ましくは2000Pa以上である。
包装袋の開封後に、シート積層体の嵩高さを容易に回復させる観点から、上記の圧力は、好ましくは5000Pa以下、より好ましくは4000Pa以下、更に好ましくは3000Pa以下である。
表面シートの製造工程の一実施形態として、任意の繊維を含む繊維ウエブに熱風を吹き付ける工程を行って、繊維ウエブを不織布化する方法が挙げられる。当該工程は、いわゆるエアスルー処理である。
まず、第1繊維のみで構成するか、又は第1繊維と第3繊維とを混合した繊維ウエブ(以下、これを「第1繊維ウエブ」ともいう)と、第2繊維のみで構成した繊維ウエブ(以下、これを「第2繊維ウエブ」ともいう)とを積層して、積層体を得る。その後、この積層体に対して熱風を吹き付けてエアスルー処理を行い、目的とする表面シートを得る。この表面シートは、いわゆるエアスルー不織布に分類されるものであり、通気性を有する繊維シートである。また、このように製造された表面シートは、一般的には長尺帯状であるが、必要に応じて所定の寸法になるように切断処理が行われてもよい。
また、繊維層を1層(単層構造)とする場合には、第1繊維ウエブのみを用いて、上述の方法を行えばよい。繊維層を3層以上とする場合には、第1及び第2の各繊維ウエブに加えて、他の繊維で構成された他の繊維ウエブを積層して積層体とし、この積層体に対して熱風を吹き付ければよい。
また、これに代えて、上述した表面シートは、繊維ウエブ又はその積層体に対して、ニードルパンチ処理を行うことによっても得ることができる。この場合、得られる表面シートは、いわゆるニードルパンチ不織布に分類されるものであり、通気性を有する繊維シートである。
温熱具の製造方法としては、例えば、まず、表面シート及び裏面シートをそれぞれ同一方向に搬送しながら、表面シート又は裏面シートのうち少なくとも一方のシートにおける一方の面に接着剤を塗布する。接着剤の塗布方法は、シートの搬送方向に連続的に又は間欠的に塗布してもよく、該搬送方向に直交する方向においても連続的に又は間欠的に塗布してもよい。またこれに伴って、接着剤の非塗布部が形成されるように接着剤が塗布されていてもよい。
次いで、接着剤が塗布されたシートにおける接着剤の塗布面上に、別工程にて製造した発熱体3を積層する。その後、発熱体3上に他方のシートを更に積層して、接着剤を介して両シート5,6を接合する。この工程を経て、表面シート5と裏面シート6との間に発熱体3が保持された状態で接合された本体部2が形成される。両シート5,6の接合に当たっては、例えば、第1シート5、発熱体3及び第2シート6を含んで構成される積層体を一対のプレスロールの間に導入して押圧する等して、接合性を高めてもよい。
使用者の肌に近い側に位置する表面シートと、使用者の肌から遠い側に位置する裏面シートと、該表面シートと該裏面シートとの間に保持されている発熱体とを備え、
前記発熱体は、被酸化性金属、炭素材料、電解質及び水を含み、
前記発熱体は、発熱に伴って該発熱体自体から蒸気を発生するように構成されており、
前記表面シートは、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を少なくとも含有する繊維を含む通気性の繊維シートから構成されており、
前記表面シートは、その平面視において走査型電子顕微鏡観察によって測定される繊維径が15μm超である第1繊維を含む、温熱具。
前記第1繊維の繊維径は、より好ましくは20μm以上、更に好ましくは25μm以上であり、好ましくは60μm以下、より好ましくは50μm以下、更に好ましくは45μm以下、一層好ましくは40μm、更に一層好ましくは30μm以下である、前記<1>に記載の温熱具。
<3>
前記第1繊維は、より好ましくは、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂のみからなる繊維であるか、又はポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂とポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂以外の熱可塑性樹脂とのみからなる繊維であり、
更に好ましくは、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂のみからなる繊維である、前記<1>又は<2>に記載の温熱具。
前記第1繊維は、芯がポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂であり、鞘がポリエチレン樹脂である芯鞘繊維である、前記<1>~<3>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<5>
前記表面シートは、第1繊維層と第2繊維層とを含む複層構造であり、
前記いずれか一つの繊維層にのみ第1繊維が含まれおり、
第1繊維とは繊維径が異なる繊維が、第1繊維が含まれていない繊維層に含まれている、前記<1>~<4>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<6>
前記表面シートは、第1繊維層と第2繊維層とのみを有する2層構造である、前記<5>に記載の温熱具。
第1繊維層は、前記第1繊維を含み、
第2繊維層は、繊維径が前記第1繊維よりも細く且つ該繊維径が6μm以上30μm以下の第2繊維を含む、前記<5>又は<6>に記載の温熱具。
<8>
前記第2繊維の繊維径は、前記第1繊維の繊維径よりも細く、且つ
より好ましくは10μm以上、更に好ましくは13μm以上であり、より好ましくは25μm以下、更に好ましくは20μm以下、特に好ましくは17μm以下である、前記<7>に記載の温熱具。
<9>
第2繊維は、ポリエチレン樹脂を含むことが好ましく、ポリエチレン樹脂とポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂又はポリプロピレン樹脂とを含むことがより好ましく、ポリエチレン樹脂と、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂又はポリプロピレン樹脂とのみからなることが更に好ましく、且つ
第2繊維の繊維径が6μm以上30μm以下である、前記<7>又は<8>に記載の温熱具。
<10>
前記第2繊維は、芯がポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂又はポリプロピレン樹脂であり、鞘がポリエチレン樹脂である芯鞘繊維である、前記<7>~<9>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
第1繊維層は、使用時において使用者の肌から遠い側の面に配されており、
第2繊維層は、使用時における肌当接面に配されている、前記<5>~<10>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<12>
第1繊維層は、第1繊維の繊維径よりも細く且つ第2繊維の繊維径よりも太い第3繊維を更に含む、前記<5>~<11>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<13>
第3繊維の繊維径は、第1繊維の繊維径よりも細く且つ第2繊維の繊維径よりも太いことを条件として、好ましくは15μm以上、より好ましくは18μm以上、更に好ましくは20μm以上であり、好ましくは50μm以下、より好ましくは40μm以下、更に好ましくは30μm以下、一層好ましくは24μm以下である、前記<12>に記載の温熱具。
第3繊維は、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂以外の熱可塑性樹脂を含むことが好ましく、ポリエチレン樹脂を含むことがより好ましく、ポリエチレン樹脂と、PET樹脂又はPP樹脂を含むことが更に好ましく、PP樹脂及びPE樹脂のみからなることが一層好ましく、且つ
その繊維径が第1繊維の繊維径よりも細く且つ第2繊維の繊維径よりも太い、前記<12>又は<13>に記載の温熱具。
<15>
第3繊維は、芯がポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂又はポリプロピレン樹脂であり、鞘がポリエチレン樹脂である芯鞘繊維である、前記<12>~<14>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<16>
第2繊維層は第2繊維を含み、
第2繊維と第3繊維とは、その成分が互いに異なる樹脂を含む、前記<12>~<15>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<17>
第1繊維が、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂と、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂以外の熱可塑性樹脂とのみからなる繊維であり、
第3繊維が、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂以外の熱可塑性樹脂を含む繊維である、前記<12>~<16>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
第1繊維層の全質量に対する第3繊維の質量割合は、好ましくは10質量%以上、より好ましくは25質量%以上、更に好ましくは40質量%以上であり、好ましくは90質量%以下、より好ましくは75質量%以下、更に好ましくは60質量%以下である、前記<12>~<17>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<19>
第1繊維層の全質量に対する第1繊維の質量割合は、好ましくは10質量%以上、より好ましくは25質量%以上、更に好ましくは40質量%以上であり、好ましくは90質量%以下、より好ましくは75質量%以下、更に好ましくは60質量%以下である、前記<12>~<18>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<20>
第1繊維層はポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂及びポリエチレン樹脂を含む第1繊維を含む、前記<5>~<19>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<21>
第2繊維層は第2繊維を含み、
第2繊維層における第2繊維の含有量は、好ましくは80質量%以上、より好ましくは90質量%以上、更に好ましくは95質量%以上であり、一層好ましくは100質量%である、前記<5>~<20>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
第1繊維層の繊維の存在密度が、好ましくは1500本/cm2以下、より好ましくは1000本/cm2以下、更に好ましくは700本/cm2以下であり、150本/cm2以上である、前記<5>~<21>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<23>
第2繊維層の繊維密度が200本/cm2以上1500本/cm2以下である、前記<5>~<22>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<24>
第2繊維層の繊維の存在密度が、より好ましくは300本/cm2以上、更に好ましくは400本/cm2以上であり、好ましくは1200本/cm2以下、より好ましくは1000本/cm2以下である、前記<5>~<23>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
第1繊維層は、不可避的に混入する他の繊維を除き、第1繊維と、第1繊維の繊維径よりも繊維径が細い第3繊維とのみからなり、
第2繊維層は、不可避的に混入する他の繊維を除き、繊維径が前記第1繊維よりも細く且つ該繊維径が6μm以上30μm以下の第2繊維のみからなり、
第3繊維の繊維径は、第2繊維の繊維径よりも太い、前記<5>~<24>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<26>
第1繊維層の坪量は、10g/m2以上であることが好ましく、15g/m2以上であることがより好ましく、20g/m2以上であることが更に好ましく、
100g/m2以下であることが好ましく、80g/m2以下であることより好ましく、60g/m2以下であることが更に好ましい、前記<5>~<25>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<27>
第2繊維層の坪量は、5g/m2以上であることが好ましく、10g/m2以上であることがより好ましく、15g/m2以上であることが更に好ましく、
50g/m2以下であることが好ましく、40g/m2以下であることより好ましく、30g/m2以下であることが更に好ましい、前記<5>~<26>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
前記表面シートは、構成繊維どうしが融着及び絡合のうち少なくとも一種によってシート形態が維持された繊維シートであり、
前記構成繊維どうしが互いに接触した接触部を有する、前記<1>~<27>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<29>
前記繊維シートは、エアスルー不織布又はニードルパンチ不織布である、前記<28>に記載の温熱具。
<30>
前記温熱具の発熱開始時点における前記表面シートの厚みが、1.8mm以上6.0mm以下である、前記<1>~<29>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<31>
前記発熱体は、被酸化性金属、炭素材料、電解質及び水を含む層と、該層に隣接して配された吸水性ポリマーを含む保水剤層とを備える、前記<1>~<30>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具。
<32>
前記<2>~<27>のいずれか一に記載の温熱具の製造方法であって、
前記製造方法は表面シートの製造工程を含み、
前記工程として、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を含む繊維のウエブと、該繊維以外の他の繊維を含むウエブとを積層した積層体をエアスルー処理する、温熱具の製造方法。
なお、繊維径及び繊維本数はサンプル表面シートの平面視におけるSEM観察によって、繊維を2000倍に拡大して観察した。その後、繊維の本数が100本以上になるまでSEM観察の位置を変えて繰り返し観察を行って表面シートの層数を確認した。なお、この観察は、画像解析ソフトウエア(Photoshop、アドビ(株))を用い繊維を色分けして長さを測定した。その後、繊維径の階級の幅を0.1~0.5μmの範囲から選択し、測定結果に基づいて、繊維本数の頻度と繊維径の分布とのヒストグラムを作成し、ピークの数から表面シートに含まれる繊維が単一であるか、又は複数種含まれるかを判断した。また、各実施例及び比較例の表面シートの層数、及び各層に含まれる繊維径から、繊維の種類と繊維層内の繊維の質量割合とを算出した。
また特に断りのない限り、以下の説明における「%」は「質量%」を意味する。
芯がPET樹脂からなり、鞘がPE樹脂からなる芯鞘繊維(各樹脂50質量%)である第1繊維100質量%の第1繊維ウエブ(坪量:40g/m2)と、芯がPET樹脂からなり、鞘がPE樹脂からなる芯鞘繊維(各樹脂50質量%)である第2繊維100質量%の第2繊維ウエブとを積層し、積層体とした、この積層体に対して、エアスルー処理を行って、第1繊維層51及び第2繊維層52の二層構造を有する表面シート5(エアスルー不織布、坪量:60g/m2)を得た。
また、裏面シート6として、金星製紙(株)製の熱可塑性樹脂のみを含む繊維からなるエアスルー不織布(坪量:30g/m2)を単層で用いた。
表面シート層数:2
第1繊維層:繊維径22μmの繊維100%
第2繊維層:繊維径15μmの繊維100%
ポリエチレンをラミネートした薄葉紙に、上述のペースト状の発熱組成物を坪量600g/m2で塗布した。次いで、発熱組成物上に、保水材として吸水性ポリマー(アクアリック(登録商標)CA、(株)日本触媒製)の粒子を坪量70g/m2で層状に散布した。そして吸水性ポリマーの層上にクレープ紙(坪量65g/m2)を積層して、保水材層を備える発熱部3aを得た。
その後、この発熱部3aを50mm×50mmの大きさにカットした。これとは別に、63mm×63mmにカットした透湿シートと、非透湿シートとで発熱体を挟み、これらのシートの四方をヒートシールして、袋体3b内に発熱部3aが収容された発熱体3を得た。
このように各部材を配置して、上述した各シート5,6の間に、発熱に伴い蒸気を発生するように形成された発熱体3を収容するように接合して、図1ないし図3、及び図5に示す構造を有する温熱具を得た。
以下の表1に示すように、表面シート5を構成する繊維の種類や構成割合を変更した。具体的には、PET樹脂のみからなる第1繊維と、芯がPP樹脂/鞘がPE樹脂(実施例2)であるか、芯がPET樹脂/鞘がPE樹脂(実施例3~4)である第3繊維との混合物をカード機に供給して、第1繊維及び第3繊維の混合繊維ウエブを形成し、これを第1繊維ウエブとした。これ以外は、実施例1と同様にして、2層構造のエアスルー不織布である表面シート5を備える温熱具を得た。
<実施例2>
表面シート層数:2
第1繊維層:繊維径27μmの繊維30%、繊維径22μmの繊維70%。
第2繊維層:繊維径15μmの繊維100%。
<実施例3>
表面シート層数:2
第1繊維層:繊維径27μmの繊維30%、繊維径22μmの繊維70%。
第2繊維層:繊維径15μmの繊維100%。
<実施例4>
表面シート層数:2
第1繊維層:繊維径27μmの繊維50%、繊維径22μmの繊維50%。
第2繊維層:繊維径15μmの繊維100%。
以下の表1に示すように、表面シート5を構成する繊維の種類や構成割合を変更した。具体的には、芯がPP樹脂からなり、鞘がPE樹脂からなる芯鞘繊維(各樹脂50質量%)である第2繊維100質量%の第2繊維ウエブを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、2層構造のエアスルー不織布である表面シート5を備える温熱具を得た。
表面シート層数:2
第1繊維層:繊維径27μmの繊維50%、繊維径22μmの繊維50%。
第2繊維層:繊維径15μmの繊維100%。
以下の表1に示すように、表面シート5を構成する繊維の種類や構成割合を変更した。具体的には、芯がPET樹脂/鞘がPE樹脂からなる第1繊維であり、芯がPP樹脂/鞘がPE樹脂である第3繊維との混合物をカード機に供給して、第1繊維及び第3繊維の混合繊維ウエブを形成し、これを第1繊維ウエブとした。これ以外は、実施例1と同様にして、2層構造のエアスルー不織布である表面シート5を備える温熱具を得た。
<実施例6>
表面シート層数:2
第1繊維層:繊維径27μmの繊維50%、繊維径22μmの繊維50%。
第2繊維層:繊維径15μmの繊維100%。
以下の表1に示すように、表面シート5を構成する繊維の種類や構成割合を変更し、実施例5とは異なる繊維径を有するPET樹脂/PE樹脂の芯鞘繊維を第1繊維として用い、第1繊維のみからなる単層のエアスルー不織布である表面シート5を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして温熱具を得た。
<実施例7>
表面シート層数:1
第1繊維層:繊維径22μmの繊維100%。
以下の表1に示すように、芯がPET樹脂からなり、鞘がPE樹脂からなる芯鞘繊維(各樹脂50質量%)である第1繊維(坪量:20g/m2)と、芯がPP樹脂からなり鞘がPE樹脂からなる第3繊維(坪量:20g/m2)とを混合して、第1繊維ウエブ(総坪量:40g/m2)とした。本実施例における第1繊維は、実施例1で用いたものとは異なる繊維径のものを用いた。
これとは別に、芯がPP樹脂からなり、鞘がPE樹脂からなる芯鞘繊維(各樹脂50質量%)である第2繊維100質量%の第2繊維ウエブ(坪量:20g/m2)を用いた。
これらの繊維ウエブを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、2層構造のエアスルー不織布である表面シート5を備える温熱具を得た。
<実施例8>
表面シート層数:2
第1繊維層:繊維径40μmの繊維50%、繊維径22μmの繊維50%。
第2繊維層:繊維径15μmの繊維100%。
以下の表1に示すように、表面シート5を構成する繊維の種類や構成割合を変更し、PET樹脂のみからの芯鞘繊維である第1繊維のみからなる第1繊維ウエブに対して、ニードルパンチ加工を行い、ニードルパンチ不織布としての単層の表面シート5を得た。これ以外は、実施例1と同様にして温熱具を得た。
<実施例9>
表面シート層数:1
第1繊維層:繊維径19μmの繊維100%。
以下の表1に示すように、表面シート5を構成する繊維の種類や構成割合を変更した。具体的には、PET樹脂のみからなる第1繊維と、芯がPP樹脂/鞘がPE樹脂である第3繊維との混合物をカード機に供給して、第1繊維及び第3繊維の混合繊維ウエブを形成し、これを第1繊維ウエブとした。これ以外は、実施例1と同様にして、2層構造のエアスルー不織布である表面シート5を備える温熱具を得た。
<実施例10>
表面シート層数:2
第1繊維層:繊維径27μmの繊維60%、繊維径22μmの繊維40%。
第2繊維層:繊維径15μmの繊維100%。
以下の表1に示すように、芯がPP樹脂/鞘がPE樹脂である芯鞘繊維である第1繊維と、PP樹脂のみからなる第3繊維との混合物から繊維ウエブを作製し、この繊維ウエブに対して、ニードルパンチ加工を行い、ニードルパンチ不織布としての単層の表面シート5を得た。これ以外は、実施例1と同様にして温熱具を得た。
<比較例1>
表面シート層数:1
第1繊維層:繊維径22μmの繊維30%、繊維径12μmの繊維70%。
各実施例及び比較例の温熱具において、表面シート5の発熱開始時点の厚みT1(mm)、発熱開始時点から10分経過後のシート厚みT2(mm)をそれぞれ測定及び算出した。測定環境はいずれも、温度26℃、相対湿度50%の室内とした。
厚み変化量(T2-T1)が小さいほど、使用直後から表面シート5の嵩高さの回復性が高く、温熱具1のフィット性及び使用感が高いことを意味する。結果を以下の表1に示す。
各実施例及び比較例の温熱具について、手で触ったとき及び着用中及び使用終了後の表面シートの滑らかな感触と、表面シートの柔軟性、温熱具を両眼を覆うように20分間装着したときのフィット性とを、専門パネラーによって以下の基準でそれぞれ評価してもらった。各評価における専門パネラーの評価点数の算術平均値を、評価結果として表1に示す。各評価結果の点数が高いほど、肌にあたる表面シートの滑らかさ、柔軟性及びフィット性が高い温熱具であるといえる。
4点:使用前の触感がとても滑らかであり、使用後まで継続して滑らかであり、使用後も繊維の毛羽立ちが確認されない。
3点:使用前の触感が滑らかであり、使用中は滑らかさが継続しているが、使用後は繊維の毛羽立ちが若干確認される。
2点:使用前の触感が滑らかであるが、使用中及び使用後は繊維の毛羽立ちを知覚し、滑らかさが劣る。
1点:使用前、使用中及び使用後のすべてにおいて繊維の毛羽立ちを知覚し、滑らかさが非常に悪い。
5点:表面シートが非常に柔らかく、使用直後から使用終了までしっかり密着し、柔軟性及び感触が非常に良好である。
4点:表面シートが柔らかく、使用直後から使用終了まで密着し、柔軟性及び感触が良好である。
3点:表面シートが適度な剛性を有し、使用中は温熱を感じる程度に密着して、問題の無い感触である。
2点:表面シートがやや硬く、剛性が若干悪いが使用時には密着する。
1点:表面シートがとても硬く、剛性が悪く、使用時の密着性に欠ける。
5点:温熱具を装着している間、目元及びその近傍にしっかり密着しており、使用終了まで優れたフィット性を有している。
4点:温熱具を装着している間、目元に密着しており、使用終了まで良好なフィット性を有している。
3点:温熱具を装着している間、目元及びその近傍に保持され、使用終了まで問題のないフィット性を有している。
2点:温熱具を装着している間、温熱具と目元とがあまり密着せず、使用終了までフィット性が悪い。
1点:温熱具を装着している間、温熱具と目元とが全く密着せず、使用終了までフィット性が非常に悪い。
実施例及び比較例の温熱具1について、実機にて生産を行った際の紙粉破棄量を専門パネラーが目視で判断した。評価結果の点数が高いほど、生産性が良い温熱具であるといえる。
<生産性>
3点:生産時紙粉が発生せず、原料の破棄も無く良好な製造環境を維持でき、温熱具への影響もない。
2点:生産時紙粉が若干発生するが、原料の破棄量は問題の無い程度の製造環境であり、温熱具への影響はない。
1点:生産時紙粉が発生し、原料の破棄量が多めな製造環境であるが、温熱具への影響はない。
実施例及び比較例の温熱具について、38℃持続時間及び最高到達温度を以下の方法で測定した。38℃持続時間が長いほど発熱持続性が良好であり、最高到達温度が高いほど発熱特性に優れるものであることを示す。結果を以下の表1に示す。
これとは別に、データ収集型温度計(LT-8、Gram社製)の温度センサーを着用者の上瞼に装着し、サージカルテープで固定する。その後、表面シート5が温度センサーに接触するようにして、温熱具を装着する。
そして、温度計の測定器を温度センサーに接続した状態で、温度を経時的に測定する。発熱開始時点を測定開始時点として10秒間隔で温度を測定し、計60分間測定を行う。
縦軸を計測温度(℃)、横軸を計測時間(秒)としてプロットした発熱プロファイルから、38℃以上の温度が計測された時間の長さを38℃以上保持時間とした。また同温度プロファイルから計測された最高温度を、最高到達温度とした。
実施例及び比較例の温熱具について、10分間の水蒸気の総蒸気量を上述の方法で測定した。10分間の水蒸気の総蒸気量の値が高いほど、発熱特性に優れるとともに、水蒸気発生量が高く、加熱対象体に心地よい温感と潤いとを両立して知覚させることができる温熱具であることを示す。結果を以下の表1に示す。
したがって、本開示の温熱具は、開封後の嵩高さの回復性が良好であり、使用直後から柔軟性と、着用者の身体へのフィット性とが両立して優れていることが判る。
また、紙粉の発生が低減することは、温熱具の製造時において、紙粉の発生や付着に起因する原料の品質低下を防止して、製造時に要求される品質を満たさない原料の意図しない破棄量を低減することができる。その結果、本発明の温熱具は、その製造時において、製造コストの低減及び生産性の向上に配慮されたものとなり、また廃棄物の低減に起因する環境負荷の低減を達成できる点で有利である。これに加えて、紙粉の発生や付着に起因する製造装置や製造環境の汚染や、これに伴うメンテナンスや清掃に要する手間やコストを低減できる点でも有利である。
更に、本開示の最も好適な態様である実施例10の温熱具は、実施例8のものと比較して、表面シートの柔軟性が同等のレベルで優れたものとしつつ、表面シートの滑らかさ、温熱具のフィット性、並びに紙粉発生による生産性が特に優れたものとなっている。この理由は、実施例8で用いた第1繊維がPET樹脂及びPE樹脂を含むのに対して、実施例10で用いた第1繊維がPET樹脂のみを含むことによって、温熱具の圧縮状態を解除したときに、表面シートの嵩高さが容易に回復し、好適な厚みが十分に維持されたからであると考えられる。
Claims (12)
- 使用者の肌に近い側に位置する表面シートと、使用者の肌から遠い側に位置する裏面シートと、該表面シートと該裏面シートとの間に保持されている発熱体とを備え、
前記発熱体は、被酸化性金属、炭素材料、電解質及び水を含み、
前記発熱体は、発熱に伴って該発熱体自体から蒸気を発生するように構成されており、
前記表面シートは、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を少なくとも含有する繊維を含む通気性の繊維シートから構成されており、
前記表面シートは、その平面視において走査型電子顕微鏡観察によって測定される繊維径が15μm超である第1繊維を含む、温熱具。 - 前記表面シートは、第1繊維層と第2繊維層とを含む複層構造であり、
前記いずれか一つの繊維層にのみ第1繊維が含まれており、
第1繊維とは繊維径が異なる繊維が、第1繊維が含まれていない繊維層に含まれている、請求項1に記載の温熱具。 - 第1繊維層は、前記第1繊維を含み、
第2繊維層は、繊維径が前記第1繊維よりも細く且つ該繊維径が6μm以上30μm以下の第2繊維を含む、請求項2に記載の温熱具。 - 第1繊維層は、使用時において使用者の肌から遠い側の面に配されており、
第2繊維層は、使用時における肌当接面に配されている、請求項2又は3に記載の温熱具。 - 第1繊維層は、第1繊維の繊維径よりも細く且つ第2繊維の繊維径よりも太い第3繊維を更に含む、請求項2~4のいずれか一項に記載の温熱具。
- 第1繊維層はポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂及びポリエチレン樹脂を含む第1繊維を含む、請求項2~5のいずれか一項に記載の温熱具。
- 第1繊維が、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を含み、且つその繊維径が15μm超60μm以下である、請求項2~6のいずれか一項に記載の温熱具。
- 第2繊維が、ポリエチレン樹脂を含み、且つその繊維径が6μm以上であり30μm以下である、請求項2~7のいずれか一項に記載の温熱具。
- 第3繊維が、ポリエチレンフタレート樹脂以外の熱可塑性樹脂を含み、且つその繊維径が第1繊維の繊維径よりも細く且つ第2繊維の繊維径よりも太い、請求項2~8のいずれか一項に記載の温熱具。
- 第2繊維層の繊維密度が200本/cm2以上1500本/cm2以下である、請求項2~9のいずれか一項に記載の温熱具。
- 前記表面シートは、構成繊維どうしが融着及び絡合のうち少なくとも一種によってシート形態が維持された繊維シートであり、
前記構成繊維どうしが互いに接触した接触部を有する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の温熱具。 - 前記温熱具の発熱開始時点における前記表面シートの厚みが、1.8mm以上6.0mm以下である、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の温熱具。
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- 2022-02-14 US US18/559,611 patent/US20240238119A1/en active Pending
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JPH09296325A (ja) | 1996-04-26 | 1997-11-18 | Toyobo Co Ltd | 複合繊維及びその製造法 |
JPH11165767A (ja) * | 1997-12-05 | 1999-06-22 | Fushimi Seiyakusho:Kk | 切り花用給水材 |
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