WO2022224291A1 - Machine de taillage par fraise-mère - Google Patents

Machine de taillage par fraise-mère Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022224291A1
WO2022224291A1 PCT/JP2021/015791 JP2021015791W WO2022224291A1 WO 2022224291 A1 WO2022224291 A1 WO 2022224291A1 JP 2021015791 W JP2021015791 W JP 2021015791W WO 2022224291 A1 WO2022224291 A1 WO 2022224291A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hob
workpiece
work
hob cutter
hobbing machine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2021/015791
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
柳崎淳
熊崎信也
Original Assignee
株式会社Fuji
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社Fuji filed Critical 株式会社Fuji
Priority to PCT/JP2021/015791 priority Critical patent/WO2022224291A1/fr
Priority to JP2023515419A priority patent/JPWO2022224291A1/ja
Publication of WO2022224291A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022224291A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
    • B23F5/20—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling
    • B23F5/22—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling the tool being a hob for making spur gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
    • B23Q15/007—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
    • B23Q15/013—Control or regulation of feed movement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/416—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control of velocity, acceleration or deceleration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hobbing machine that reduces machining time while maintaining machining accuracy.
  • Patent Literature 1 listed below discloses an invention that solves the problem of errors occurring in the tooth trace direction as one of the problems.
  • the hob and table are rotated synchronously, and the hob is fed parallel to the axis of the workpiece to perform hobbing.
  • the machining resistance acts as a load on the rotation of the hob, and the machining resistance changes as the machining progresses. This is because mechanical deformation such as bending and twisting occurs in the components of the transmission system between the hob and the table, which affects the rotation phase between the hob and the table.
  • Gear cutting of a workpiece performed by a hobbing machine has not only the problem of errors in the direction of tooth traces of the workpiece as in the conventional example, but also problems of machining accuracy and machining time.
  • cutting feed is one of the major parameters that determines the machining accuracy and machining time.
  • the feed rate is lowered to improve the machining accuracy, but this increases the machining time.
  • the feed rate is increased in order to shorten the machining time, the machining accuracy is lowered.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a hobbing machine that shortens the machining time while maintaining the machining accuracy.
  • a hobbing machine includes a work spindle device that rotates a held work, and a hob cutter having a rotation axis that intersects the rotation axis of the work. It controls a hob driving device that moves in a direction along the rotation axis, the work spindle device and the hob driving device, and the feed speed when moving the hob cutter with respect to the hob driving device is controlled by the work. and a control device that changes according to the machining position with respect to.
  • the workpiece is held by the workpiece spindle device and rotated, while the hob cutter of the hob driving device rotates and moves in the direction along the rotation axis of the workpiece, thereby performing gear cutting on the workpiece. done.
  • the feed speed of the hob cutter is changed by the control device, for example, by increasing the feed speed within a range in which the processing is stabilized, it is possible to shorten the processing time while maintaining the accuracy of the entire processing.
  • FIG. 1 It is an appearance perspective view showing one embodiment of a hobbing machine. It is a perspective view showing the internal structure about one embodiment of a hobbing machine. It is a block diagram showing the control system of the hobbing machine. It is the figure which simply showed the positional relationship and feed speed of the workpiece
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing the hobbing machine of this embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the hobbing machine of this embodiment.
  • the hobbing machine 1 is mounted on a movable bed 11 having wheels and is movable in the front-rear direction along rails 3 fixed to the upper surface of the base 2 .
  • the hobbing machine 1 is modularized together with other working machines such as a lathe, and is configured with a width dimension that matches a base 2 that serves as a reference.
  • the hobbing machine 1 is one work machine that constitutes a processing machine line, and multiple work machines lined up are covered with an exterior cover that has a uniform appearance.
  • An openable and closable front cover 4 forms a transfer space 5 in the outer cover, and an autoloader for transferring a work to each work machine is incorporated therein.
  • a work transfer robot 6, which is a multi-joint robot arm, is movable in the width direction of the machine body along a guardrail constructed in the front part of the base 2.
  • the longitudinal direction of the machine body is the X-axis
  • the width direction of the machine body is the Y-axis
  • the vertical direction is the Z-axis.
  • a column 12 on a movable bed 11 is movable in the longitudinal direction of the machine body in the X-axis direction. It is configured to be raised and lowered by a shaft motor 15 .
  • a hob head 16 that supports a hob cutter 17 is assembled to the saddle 13 .
  • the hob cutter 17 is rotatably supported by a horizontal rotating shaft parallel to the Y-axis, and is rotated during gear cutting by a hob motor 19 (see FIG. 3).
  • the hob head 16 is structured to be movable in the Y-axis direction with respect to the saddle 13 by a Y-axis motor 18 so that the position of the blade of the hob cutter 17 can be changed.
  • a work spindle device 20 is provided on the front side of the hob driving device on which the hob cutter 17 is mounted.
  • the work spindle device 20 is configured vertically such that a lower unit 21 and an upper unit 22 are coaxial with the center of rotation aligned with the Z-axis.
  • a support column 23 is erected on the movable bed 11 to constitute a lift mechanism for moving the upper unit 22 up and down in the Z-axis direction.
  • a vertical rail is fixed to the support column 23, and a lift 24 holding the upper unit 22 is slidably assembled thereon.
  • a lift motor 25 is provided at the top of the support column 23, and its rotational output is converted into linear motion of the lift 24 by a ball screw.
  • the lower unit 21 has a lower clamp block that sandwiches the workpiece W between itself and the rotatable upper clamp block of the upper unit 22.
  • the rotation of the workpiece rotating motor 27 is transmitted to the lower clamp block via a worm gear.
  • the hobbing machine 1 is mounted on the movable bed 11 with a control device 30 for controlling each driving part arranged behind a hob driving device composed of a column 12 and the like.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the control system of the hobbing machine 1. As shown in FIG.
  • a microprocessor (CPU) 31, a ROM 32, a RAM 33, and a nonvolatile memory 34 are connected to the control device 30 via bus lines.
  • the CPU 31 controls the entire control device
  • the ROM 32 stores system programs executed by the CPU 31, control parameters, and the like
  • the RAM 33 stores temporary calculation data, display data, and the like.
  • the non-volatile memory 34 stores information necessary for processing performed by the CPU 31, and stores a sequence program for the hobbing machine 1 and the like.
  • the non-volatile memory 34 of this embodiment also stores a hobbing program and the like, which will be described later.
  • the hobbing machine 1 is equipped with a touch panel type operation display device 38 on the front part of the machine body, which enables the operator to perform input operations and display the manufacturing status on the screen.
  • the controller 30 is provided with an I/O port 35 through which an operation display device 38 and the like are connected.
  • the I/O port 35 is connected to drivers 41, 42, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 42, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43, 43
  • the workpiece W carried into the machining chamber by the workpiece transfer robot 6 is placed on the lower unit 21 of the workpiece spindle device 20.
  • the upper unit 22 held by the lift 24 is lowered by driving the lift motor 25, and the work W is held by the upper and lower clamp blocks by the clamping operation with the lower unit 21.
  • the clamped workpiece W is rotated by driving the workpiece rotation motor 27 .
  • the hob cutter 17 is rotated and moved in the Z-axis direction by driving the hob driving device, and the rotating workpiece W is subjected to gear cutting.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram simply showing the positional relationship between the work W and the hob cutter 17 and the feed speed.
  • the hob cutter 17 moves linearly in a direction parallel to the Z-axis while rotating around the rotation axis Oy in the Y-axis direction, while the work W moves around the work rotation axis Oz in the Z-axis direction. and rotate. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the hob cutter 17, which applies the hob blade 171 to the rotating work W, gradually moves from A to D while the gear cutting process proceeds.
  • the feed speed in the Z-axis direction of the hob cutter 17 was constant between A and D. Therefore, as mentioned above, machining accuracy and shortening of machining time are incompatible. There is a problem that the accuracy is lowered. Therefore, in this embodiment, a hob feed program for adjusting the feed speed of the hob cutter 17 is provided so that the machining time can be shortened while maintaining the machining accuracy.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the hob cutter 17 for the work W.
  • the hob cutter 17 has a helically formed hob blade 171 that is discontinuous in the circumferential direction due to a plurality of blade grooves 173 cut in the axial direction. Therefore, intermittent contact of the hob blade 171 with the work W makes it difficult to increase the feed rate while maintaining the machining accuracy.
  • the large variation in machining load around position A at the start of machining, where only the tip of the hob blade 171 is in contact has been a cause of reduced machining accuracy due to an increase in feed rate.
  • the feed speed of the hob cutter 17 is set to change according to the feed amount of the hob blade 171 .
  • the feed rate is changed as the position of the tool rotation axis Oy of the hob cutter 17 moves between AB, BC and CD shown in FIG. ing.
  • Position A is the position at which the hob cutter 17 begins contact with the work W
  • Position B and Position C are positions at which the tool rotation axis Oy overlaps the work W in the orthogonal direction
  • Position C is the position where the hob cutter 17 touches the work W. It is a position away from W.
  • the feed speed between BC is constant, and the feed speed between AB and between CD is obtained based on the following formulas (1) and (2).
  • fa ⁇ b fa+ ⁇ (fb ⁇ fa)/(B ⁇ A) ⁇ Z1
  • fc ⁇ d fc+ ⁇ (fc ⁇ fd)/(C ⁇ D) ⁇ Z2
  • A, B, C, and D are coordinate values of the hobbing machine 1 in the three-dimensional space in the Z-axis direction.
  • Z1 and Z2 are feed amounts in the Z-axis direction of the hob cutter 17 based on the tool rotation axis Oy
  • Z1 is a variable based on the A position
  • Z2 is a variable based on the C position.
  • the coordinate values A, B, C, and D and the feed speeds fa, fb, fc, and fd in accordance with the workpiece W in the equations (1) and (2) are used for gear cutting of the corresponding workpiece W. input from the operation display device 38 by the operator. From the equations (1) and (2), in the gear cutting of this embodiment, the value of Z1 increases as the hob cutter 17 moves during machining between A and B, and the value of the feed rate fa-b is (1 ) increases from fa to fb according to the equation. Also, during machining between CD, the value of the feed rate fc-d decreases from fc to fd according to the equation (2).
  • machining is started at the feed speed fa.
  • the feed speed gradually increases as the feed amount Z1 of the hob cutter 17 changes when the tool rotation axis Oy moves from the A position to the B position. That is, at the beginning of machining where the contact of the hob blade 171 changes and the machining load fluctuates greatly, the feed rate is relatively low, and as the hob blade 171 approaches the position B where the hob blade 171 enters deeply into the workpiece W, the machining load fluctuation decreases. Therefore, the feed speed fa-b gradually increases.
  • the processing time is shortened by increasing the feed speed between B and C, where the processing load fluctuation is particularly small. becomes possible.
  • the feed speed is changed between AB and between CD where machining load fluctuations are large, machining accuracy can be maintained while shortening the overall machining time.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the feeding speed between BC is constant, but the feeding speed during this period may also be changed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Gear Processing (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une machine de taillage par fraise-mère qui conserve une précision de traitement tout en raccourcissant le temps de traitement, la machine de taillage par fraise-mère comprenant : un dispositif de broche porte-pièce qui applique une rotation à une pièce ouvrée qu'elle porte ; un dispositif d'entraînement de fraise-mère qui fait tourner une fraise-mère ayant un axe de rotation dans une direction croisant l'axe de rotation de la pièce ouvrée, tout en déplaçant la fraise-mère dans une direction le long de l'axe de rotation de la pièce ouvrée ; et un dispositif de commande qui commande le dispositif de broche porte-pièce et le dispositif d'entraînement de fraise-mère, le dispositif de commande changeant la vitesse d'avance lors du déplacement de la fraise-mère par rapport au dispositif d'entraînement de fraise-mère en fonction des positions de traitement de la pièce ouvrée, telle qu'une position de départ dans laquelle la fraise-mère vient d'abord en contact avec la pièce ouvrée, une position intermédiaire dans laquelle l'axe de rotation de la fraise-mère chevauche la pièce ouvrée dans une direction orthogonale à l'axe de rotation, et une position de fin dans laquelle la fraise-mère se sépare de la pièce ouvrée, par exemple.
PCT/JP2021/015791 2021-04-19 2021-04-19 Machine de taillage par fraise-mère WO2022224291A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2021/015791 WO2022224291A1 (fr) 2021-04-19 2021-04-19 Machine de taillage par fraise-mère
JP2023515419A JPWO2022224291A1 (fr) 2021-04-19 2021-04-19

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2021/015791 WO2022224291A1 (fr) 2021-04-19 2021-04-19 Machine de taillage par fraise-mère

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4846778A (fr) * 1971-10-18 1973-07-03
JPS51115379A (en) * 1975-04-03 1976-10-09 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd Cutting feed control system for machine tool
JPS5771754A (en) * 1980-10-24 1982-05-04 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Synchronous operating method of numerically controlled machine tool
JPS5919630A (ja) * 1982-07-27 1984-02-01 Toyota Motor Corp 歯切加工方法及び装置
JPS5981017A (ja) * 1982-10-27 1984-05-10 Kashifuji Tekkosho:Kk ホブ盤の歯スジ方向誤差補正方法
JPS63156615A (ja) * 1986-12-17 1988-06-29 Mitsubishi Motors Corp ホブ盤における歯切り方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4846778A (fr) * 1971-10-18 1973-07-03
JPS51115379A (en) * 1975-04-03 1976-10-09 Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd Cutting feed control system for machine tool
JPS5771754A (en) * 1980-10-24 1982-05-04 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Synchronous operating method of numerically controlled machine tool
JPS5919630A (ja) * 1982-07-27 1984-02-01 Toyota Motor Corp 歯切加工方法及び装置
JPS5981017A (ja) * 1982-10-27 1984-05-10 Kashifuji Tekkosho:Kk ホブ盤の歯スジ方向誤差補正方法
JPS63156615A (ja) * 1986-12-17 1988-06-29 Mitsubishi Motors Corp ホブ盤における歯切り方法

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