WO2022220134A1 - 耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型造型用材料 - Google Patents
耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型造型用材料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022220134A1 WO2022220134A1 PCT/JP2022/016178 JP2022016178W WO2022220134A1 WO 2022220134 A1 WO2022220134 A1 WO 2022220134A1 JP 2022016178 W JP2022016178 W JP 2022016178W WO 2022220134 A1 WO2022220134 A1 WO 2022220134A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- phenolic resin
- type phenolic
- resin
- seizure resistance
- Prior art date
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011134 resol-type phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010680 novolac-type phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1 VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKBWPOSQERPBFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC NKBWPOSQERPBFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005526 organic bromine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004045 organic chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004812 organic fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920011301 perfluoro alkoxyl alkane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- CMPQUABWPXYYSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 CMPQUABWPXYYSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXPQRKFMDQNODS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCOP(=O)(OCCC)OCCC RXPQRKFMDQNODS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VRRIVXLVXXAHJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,3,4-tribromophenyl) phosphate Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=C(Br)C(Br)=CC=1)Br)OC1=CC=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br VRRIVXLVXXAHJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOWVWXQNQNCRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,4-dimethylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC(C)=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=C(C)C=C1C KOWVWXQNQNCRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC(Cl)COP(=O)(OCC(C)Cl)OCC(C)Cl GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIPMRGQQBZJCTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-propan-2-ylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(C)C LIPMRGQQBZJCTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPUXJWDKFVXXBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(C)(C)C SPUXJWDKFVXXBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHYQWBKCXBXPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[3-bromo-2,2-bis(bromomethyl)propyl] phosphate Chemical compound BrCC(CBr)(CBr)COP(=O)(OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr)OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr BHYQWBKCXBXPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPGXUAIFQMJJFB-UHFFFAOYSA-H tungsten hexachloride Chemical compound Cl[W](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl KPGXUAIFQMJJFB-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/20—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents
- B22C1/22—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents of resins or rosins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mold-making material having excellent seizure resistance, and more particularly to a mold material that can effectively suppress or prevent the occurrence of casting defects, such as a shell-mold mold. It is.
- the casting surface deteriorates due to the insertion and seizure of molten metal.
- the surface of the mold is coated with a coating agent containing graphite, zircon, aluminum oxide, etc.
- the coating work is a complicated work.
- there are inherent problems such as deterioration of the disintegration of the mold after casting.
- JP-A-2002-316237 a coating layer containing a thermosetting resin and a carbonaceous material is formed on the surface of a refractory aggregate, and is prepared under predetermined conditions.
- a resin-coated sand for shell molds has been proposed that generates 20 mL or more of gas per 1 cm 3 of the mold when heated at room temperature. It has been revealed that it can protect against high temperatures and improve the casting surface of the casting.
- the present invention has been made against the background of such circumstances, and the problem to be solved is to effectively suppress or prevent the occurrence of casting defects such as seizure and insertion.
- Another object to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mold material that can advantageously form a mold such as a shell mold that can effectively improve the casting operation without applying a mold wash. There is also something to do.
- the present invention can be suitably implemented in various aspects as listed below. Adoptable. It should be noted that the aspects and technical features of the present invention are not limited to those described below, and can be recognized based on the inventive idea grasped from the description of the entire specification and the drawings. should be understood.
- the present invention consists of a mixture containing a refractory aggregate and a modified novolac-type phenolic resin alone or a combination of a modified novolac-type phenolic resin and a resol-type phenolic resin,
- a mold excellent in seizure resistance characterized in that the volatilization rate is 45 to 60% when a cured product of such a resin alone or in combination is subjected to exposure treatment at a temperature of 500 ° C. for 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the gist thereof is a molding material.
- the modified novolak-type phenolic resin is modified with at least one of polyhydric phenol, polycyclic phenol and alkylphenol.
- the casting material according to the present invention is characterized in that the resol-type phenolic resin has a weight average molecular weight of 3,000 or less.
- the compounding ratio of the modified novolak-type phenolic resin and the resol-type phenolic resin is 10:90 to 95: 5.
- the volatilization accelerator further contains a volatilization accelerator capable of accelerating volatilization of the cured product, and the volatilization rate is determined in the presence of the volatilization accelerator. It is characterized by being able to
- volatilization accelerator is advantageously selected from the group consisting of organic phosphoric acid esters and/or organic halides.
- a carbon material is further contained.
- a coating layer containing the resin alone or in combination is advantageously formed so as to cover the surface of the refractory aggregate.
- the mold-making material according to the present invention is advantageously used for making molds for casting molten iron.
- the gist of the present invention is also a mold having excellent seizure resistance, which is characterized in that it is formed by using the mold-making material having the structure described above and heat-hardened. be.
- the modified novolak-type phenolic resin used as the binder resin therein, or the modified novolac-type phenolic resin and the resol-type phenolic resin Since the volatilization rate of the cured product of the combination is set to 45 to 60% by exposure treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere, even in the reducing atmosphere formed around the mold during casting, such a binder resin More, the volatile component can be effectively generated, the gas is directed from the inside of the mold to the surface of the molten metal, and the pressure of the gas is increased so that an effective barrier layer is formed between the molten metal and the mold.
- the mold is effectively protected from high-temperature molten metal, and the volatile components effectively form a carbonized film near the molten metal, thereby effectively suppressing the occurrence of seizure.
- it is possible to effectively improve the casting surface of the obtained casting by preventing the occurrence of problems such as insertion of molten metal. Such characteristics can be exhibited particularly advantageously in molds used for casting molten iron.
- FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view of a sand mold for casting tests for producing castings used for evaluation of mold characteristics in Examples.
- FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view of a cast iron casting obtained using the sand mold for casting test shown in FIG. 1 ;
- 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the modification rate and the volatilization rate for shell mold casting materials obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- a mold-making material excellent in seizure resistance is prepared by using a modified novolak-type phenol resin alone or a modified novolak-type phenol resin and a resol-type phenol as a binder for a predetermined refractory aggregate. It is prepared by mixing a combination of resins, a volatilization accelerator that is advantageously used to ensure the volatilization rate, and other additives that are used as necessary.
- a resin-coated sand (RCS) in which a coating layer mainly composed of a predetermined phenolic resin is formed on the surface of aggregate particles, and such a coating layer advantageously contains a volatilization accelerator. and other additives added as necessary.
- such a mold-making material is a cured product of a modified novolac-type phenolic resin alone or a combination of a modified novolac-type phenolic resin and a resole-type phenolic resin (without a volatilization accelerator). When used, it is in a state containing it), but the volatilization rate when exposed to heat treatment at a temperature of 500 ° C. for 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere is 45 to 60%. It is necessary to adjust it within the range, so that volatile components can be effectively generated from the binder resin even in the reducing atmosphere during casting and at a relatively low temperature of 500 ° C. or less. Defects in castings obtained by casting, specifically seizure, insertion, etc., can be effectively suppressed or prevented, and the casting surface of castings can be advantageously improved.
- the volatilization rate of the cured product of the resin described above is an essential requirement for solving the problems of the present invention. It becomes difficult to solve problems such as prevention and prevention of insertion, and it becomes difficult to eliminate casting defects. As a result, problems such as seizure tend to occur, and there is a possibility that the mold may be deformed.
- the refractory aggregate that constitutes the mold-making material according to the present invention is a refractory substance that functions as the base material of the mold, and includes various refractory granular or powder materials conventionally used for molds.
- silica sand, artificial silica sand, special sand such as alumina sand, olivine sand, zircon sand, chromite sand, ferrochrome slag, ferro-chromium slag, ferro-chromium slag, Slag-based particles such as nickel-based slag and converter slag; artificial particles such as alumina-based particles and mullite-based particles, and regenerated particles thereof; alumina balls, magnesia clinker, and the like.
- refractory aggregates may be new sand, or recycled or recovered sand that has been used once or more than once for molding molds as foundry sand. Mixed sand obtained by adding fresh sand to reclaimed sand or recovered sand and mixing them does not cause any problem.
- Such refractory aggregates are generally used with a particle size of about 40 to 200, preferably about 60 to 150, in terms of AFS index.
- the binder resin mixed with the refractory aggregate as described above may be a modified novolak phenol resin alone, or a modified novolac phenol resin and a resol phenol. Combinations with resins will be used. By using such specific phenolic resins or combinations thereof, the volatilization rate of cured products of these resins can be advantageously adjusted within the range of 45-60%.
- the phenol resin is a solid or liquid (varnish) obtained by reacting phenols and aldehydes in the presence of an acidic catalyst or a basic catalyst. (including those in the form of emulsions), which are called novolac type or resol type depending on the type of catalyst used therein, and in the presence of a predetermined curing agent or curing catalyst Alternatively, it expresses thermosetting properties by heating in the absence thereof.
- the phenol to be reacted with the aldehyde not only phenol is used, but at least a part of phenol is replaced with another raw material for modification (phenol + raw material for modification).
- the modified novolac-type phenolic resin which is the object of the present invention, can be obtained by reacting with aldehydes in the presence of an acidic catalyst.
- phenol derivatives can be used as modifying raw materials to replace phenol, but resorcinol, bisphenol F, Polyhydric phenols such as bisphenol A and purification residues of these bisphenols; polycyclic phenols such as 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, 1-hydroxyanthracene, and 2-hydroxyanthracene; At least one of alkylphenols is employed.
- modifying the phenolic resin with such a modifying raw material gaps are formed in the phenolic resin skeleton, and its decomposition is accelerated, which is thought to increase the volatilization amount. ing.
- the modification ratio of the modified novolac-type phenolic resin in other words, the substitution ratio of phenol by the raw material for modification is generally 20 to 100% by mass, preferably 25 to 95% by mass, more preferably 30 to 90% by mass.
- the modification rate of such a modified novolac-type phenolic resin is too low, the decomposition of the resin cannot be sufficiently accelerated, and there is the problem that it becomes difficult to effectively increase the volatilization rate.
- the modification rate is high, the heat resistance of the resin tends to decrease, and there is a risk that the generation of gas, etc., will end before the molten metal such as cast iron to be cast solidifies. be.
- the resol-type phenolic resin used in combination with the modified novolac-type phenolic resin can be produced in a conventional manner using a basic catalyst as described above, and such a resol-type phenolic resin is , has a function or action as a curing aid in place of hexamethylenetetramine, and a cured product composed of such a combination of a resol-type phenolic resin and a modified novolac-type phenolic resin is a modified novolac-type phenolic resin.
- the crosslink density tends to be lower and the volatile content tends to be higher, so it is effective in realizing the volatilization rate according to the present invention.
- a resol type phenolic resin generally, one having a weight average molecular weight of 3000 or less is preferably used. If the weight-average molecular weight of the resol-type phenolic resin becomes too large, it becomes difficult to fully demonstrate the effect of its use, and in addition, there is a possibility that the strength of the mold may be lowered, the viscosity of the resin increases, and the RCS is reduced. During production, it becomes difficult to coat the surface of the refractory aggregate, which may reduce the strength of the mold to be molded.
- the blending ratio of the modified novolac-type phenolic resin: the resol-type phenolic resin is 10:90 or more on a mass basis.
- a use ratio of 95:5, preferably 20:80 to 90:10 will be advantageously employed.
- the use ratio of modified novolac-type phenolic resin increases (the use ratio of resol-type phenolic resin decreases), the curing speed tends to become slow, and the use ratio of modified novolak-type phenolic resin decreases. If the amount of resol-type phenolic resin increases, problems such as a decrease in mold strength will occur.
- the ratio of the binder resin consisting of the modified novolac-type phenolic resin alone or the combination thereof with the resol-type phenolic resin in the mold-making material is determined by considering the type of resin to be used and the required strength of the mold. Since it is determined appropriately, it cannot be univocally defined, but generally about 0.2 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate , preferably 0.5 to 8 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass.
- the mold-making material according to the present invention advantageously, in addition to a special binder resin consisting of the modified novolak-type phenolic resin alone or a combination thereof with a resol-type phenolic resin, such a binder resin A volatilization accelerator capable of accelerating the volatilization of the cured product of the binder resin is further contained, whereby the volatilization rate of the cured product of the binder resin can be advantageously adjusted within the range of 45 to 60%. By realizing a volatilization rate using such a volatilization accelerator, it is possible to increase the gas pressure even at a relatively low temperature of 500 ° C.
- a volatilization accelerator preferably, an organic phosphoric acid ester and/or an organic halide can be mentioned, from which it is appropriately selected and used.
- the amount of the volatilization accelerator used is usually about 1 to 50 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 30 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. becomes.
- organic phosphate esters used as volatilization accelerators include, for example, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tripropyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, methyldiethyl phosphate, methyl dibutyl phosphate, ethyl dibutyl phosphate, tris( ⁇ -chloro propyl) phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate, t-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate, bis-(t- Aromatic phosphate esters such as butylphenyl)phenyl phosphate, tris-(t-butylphenyl) phosphate, isopropylphenyl diphenyl phosphate, bis-(isopropylphenyl) diphenyl phosphat
- organic halides include chlorinated paraffin, chlorinated diphenyl, chlorinated ethane, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polyphenyl, chlorinated diphenyl, vinyl chloride, perchlorocyclopentadecanone, tetrachloro Organic chlorine compounds such as bisphenol A, trischloroethyl phosphate, trisdichloropropyl phosphate, tris- ⁇ -chloropropyl phosphate; brominated paraffin, brominated polyphenyl, tetrabromoethane, tetrabromobenzene, decabromodiphenyl oxide, octabromo diphenyl oxide, hexabromocyclododecane, bis(tribromophenoxy)ethane, ethylenebistetrabromophthalimide, hexabromobenzene, polydibromophenylene oxide, tetrabromobisphenol A,
- a carbon material is added as a molten metal repellency improver that imparts repellency to the molten metal poured onto the mold surface of the mold formed therefrom, which is in contact with the molten metal.
- a carbon material a known one can be appropriately selected and used. Carbonized organic substances, carbon compounds such as silicon carbide, and the like can be mentioned. Such carbon materials are generally used with a particle size of about 1 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably about 3 to 350 ⁇ m, more preferably about 5 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the amount added is usually about 0.5 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 1 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate. It is contained. If the content of this carbon material is too small, it will be difficult to obtain a sufficient effect.
- coolant particles capable of exhibiting a cooling effect in the mold making material according to the present invention.
- the coolant particles have the function of reducing the fluidity of the molten metal by speeding up the cooling of the molten metal in contact with the mold, thereby suppressing or preventing intrusion into the mold.
- the amount of the coolant particles added is about 0.5 to 20 parts by mass, preferably about 1 to 15 parts by mass, and more preferably about 2 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refractory aggregate. . This is because if the amount of the coolant particles added is too small, the effect of the addition cannot be sufficiently obtained. There is a risk that
- a conventionally known curing agent such as hexamethylenetetramine is added and contained, and if necessary, various known curing accelerators are added.
- various known curing accelerators are added.
- an organic carboxylic acid, a basic material, or the like is added.
- a combination of a modified novolak-type phenolic resin and a resol-type phenolic resin is used as a binder resin, as disclosed in JP-A-2003-158810 and WO2013/118572, an Arrhenius base and a Bronsted base , Lewis bases will be advantageously used as curing accelerators.
- the mold-making material according to the present invention may also contain, if necessary, various kinds of materials that have been generally used in the past for the purpose of improving the physical properties of the mold-making material itself and improving the physical properties of the mold to be molded. It is also possible to appropriately mix the additives of .
- waxes such as paraffin wax, synthetic polyethylene wax, and montanic acid wax
- stearic acid such as paraffin wax, synthetic polyethylene wax, and montanic acid wax
- stearic acid such as paraffin wax, synthetic polyethylene wax, and montanic acid wax
- stearic acid such as paraffin wax, synthetic polyethylene wax, and montanic acid wax
- stearic acid such as paraffin wax, synthetic polyethylene wax, and montanic acid wax
- stearic acid such as paraffin wax, synthetic polyethylene wax, and montanic acid wax
- stearic acid such as paraffin wax, synthetic polyethylene wax, and montanic acid wax
- stearic acid such as paraffin wax, synthetic polyethylene wax
- a coupling agent that strengthens the bond between the refractory aggregate and additive components such as binder resin.
- silane coupling agents, zircon coupling agents, titanium coupling agents, etc. are used. can do
- release agents such as paraffin, wax, light oil, machine oil, spindle oil, insulating oil, waste oil, vegetable oil, fatty acid ester, organic acid, mica, vermiculite, fluorine release agent, silicone release agent, etc. is also available.
- Each of these additives is about 0.001 to 10 parts by mass, preferably about 0.01 to 7 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. To some extent, it will be used.
- the mold making material (RCS) when producing the mold making material (RCS) according to the present invention using the additive components as described above, various known compounding/coating techniques are appropriately employed without particular limitation, such as , a dry hot coating method, a semi-hot coating method, a cold coating method, a powder solvent method, and the like can be employed. Among them, a binder resin (predetermined Phenolic resin) is added, and other additives such as volatilization accelerators and carbon materials selected as necessary are added and kneaded.
- a binder resin predetermined Phenolic resin
- the timing of kneading the binder resin, volatilization accelerator, carbon material, other additives and curing agent/curing accelerator with the refractory aggregate can be appropriately selected based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art. They can be kneaded individually or sequentially, or can be kneaded in appropriate combinations.
- additives such as volatilization accelerators and carbon materials can be mixed with the binder resin, or all components can be mixed at the same time. As long as it does not lose the After that, the additives can be added and mixed.
- a divided addition method such as adding the binder resin and the refractory aggregate and the binder resin after kneading.
- the mold-making material obtained as described above is heated to harden by heating.
- the desired mold is molded, but such a heat molding method is not particularly limited, and any conventionally known method can be advantageously used.
- the mold-making material as described above is filled into a mold heated to about 150 to 300° C., which has a desired molding space that provides the desired mold, by a gravity drop method, a blow method, or the like, and cured. After that, the desired casting mold can be obtained by removing the hardened mold from the mold.
- such a casting mold is advantageously molded at a filling rate of 50% or more, and by realizing such a filling rate, the internal structure of the mold takes a stone wall structure. This makes it possible to prevent the intrusion of molten metal and advantageously increase the gas pressure from the mold.
- a mold filling rate can be measured by a known method, and for example, a method as disclosed in paragraph [0060] of JP-A-2019-177402 can be employed.
- the mold thus obtained is advantageously endowed with the above-mentioned excellent features such as seizure resistance. It can be advantageously used for casting of iron-based molten metal, and its characteristics can be exhibited more effectively.
- the volatilization rate can be measured by preparing a hardened binder resin separately from the mold making material (RCS) and subjecting it to exposure treatment. It is also possible to employ a method in which RCS) itself is cured and determined from the cured product. In that case, the mold making material (RCS), which is the object to be measured, is heated and cured under the conditions of 150 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then the obtained cured product is heated to 500 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere. for 1 hour, and the weight reduction rate (W5) is determined. Next, the cured product subjected to such exposure treatment is baked in the presence of oxygen (for example, in air) at a temperature of 900 ° C.
- RCS mold making material
- a half hollow main mold 6 (cavity diameter: 6 cm, height: 6 cm), each molding material is blown into a mold heated to 250 ° C., filled, and then heated for 120 seconds.
- a non-air element 10 (diameter: 5 cm, height: 5 cm) is adhesively fixed by the baseboard fixing part 4, the half-split hollow main mold 6 is further adhesively fixed to each other to prepare a sand mold 12 for casting test. do.
- the bonded main mold is clamped with a vise or the like, or tightly fixed by wrapping it with a wire.
- molten cast iron FC200 (temperature: 1380° C. ⁇ 40° C.) is poured from the molten metal injection port 2 of the casting test sand mold 12 and allowed to solidify. 2, a cylindrical casting 16 is removed. Then, the obtained casting 16 is cut in half, and the conditions of seizure and casting surface (casting surface) are checked visually and by touch. evaluate.
- ⁇ : The casting surface of the entire casting is smooth and does not catch your hand.
- ⁇ The casting surface of the entire casting is smooth, but some parts are rough. There is a catch ⁇ : The casting surface of the entire casting is rough and has a catch
- Phenolic Resin A2- Except that 700 parts of phenol, 300 parts of bisphenol A, 363 parts of 47% formalin, and 3 parts of oxalic acid were added, according to the same procedure as in the production example of phenol resin A1 above, BPA modification rate was 30.
- Resin A2 was obtained as a modified novolac-type phenolic resin with a
- Phenolic Resin A3 Except that 700 parts of phenol, 300 parts of 1-naphthol, 395 parts of 47% formalin, and 3 parts of oxalic acid were added, according to the same procedure as in the above production example of phenol resin A1, the naphthol modification rate was A resin A3 composed of a modified novolak phenolic resin with a content of 30% was obtained.
- phenolic resin B3 - As a resol-type phenolic resin, TS-10 (trade name, weight average molecular weight: 3800) manufactured by Asahi Organic Chemicals Co., Ltd., which is an alkaline resol-type phenolic resin, was prepared.
- Example 1- A 1:1 mixed sand of flattery sand and recycled silica sand is used as the refractory aggregate, and after preheating to a temperature of about 140° C., 100 parts of this mixed sand and the modified novolak phenolic resin are added. 2.5 parts of A1 and 3 parts of aliphatic condensed phosphate: PNX (trade name: Fyrol PNX-LE, manufactured by ICL JAPAN Co., Ltd.) as a volatilization accelerator were sequentially added to a whirl mixer, Knead for 60 seconds.
- PNX aliphatic condensed phosphate
- Example 2 and 3- A mold material for a shell mold was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of aliphatic condensed phosphate PNX, which is a volatilization accelerator, was changed to 5 parts or 10 parts.
- Example 4- A mold material for a shell mold was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that 5 parts of powdered graphite was further added as a carbon material.
- TBPA tetrabromobisphenol A
- a mold material for a shell mold was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the amount was 0.075 parts.
- Example 1 A mold material for a shell mold was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that only resin A5, which is an unmodified novolak-type phenolic resin, was used as the binder resin, and PNX, which is a volatilization accelerator, was not added. rice field.
- resin A5 which is an unmodified novolak-type phenolic resin
- PNX which is a volatilization accelerator
- Example 2 A mold material for a shell mold was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that PNX was not added as a volatilization accelerator.
- Example 3- A mold material for a shell mold was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10, except that resin B3 was used as the resol-type phenolic resin instead of resin B2.
- Example 4 Mixed sand similar to that used in Example 1 was used as the refractory aggregate, and 1.0 part of the phenol urethane resin forming material (benzylic ether type phenol resin + polyisocyanate compound) was used as the binder resin. The amount of the agent used was 1.0 part, and the mixture was kneaded for 60 seconds in a mixer to obtain a mold material. Core molding using the mold material obtained in this comparative example was carried out by the following method. First, after the above mold material is put into the sand magazine of the cold box molding machine, the mold material for core molding is filled with the mold material at a gauge pressure of 0.3 MPa.
- triethylamine gas was passed through the mold with a gas generator at a gauge pressure of 0.2 MPa for 1 second, followed by air purging at a gauge pressure of 0.2 MPa for 14 seconds.
- a circular aerial element 10 (diameter: 5 cm, height: 5 cm) having a skirting board 8 was produced.
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Abstract
Description
実施例又は比較例で用いられるバインダ樹脂(フェノール樹脂又はその混合物)と硬化剤(ヘキサメチレンテトラミン)とを、実施例又は比較例における使用割合において混合し、粉砕した後、150℃×30分間の条件で加熱・硬化せしめて、硬化物を得る。次いで、かかる硬化物を粉砕して、均一化したものの約100gを正確に秤量し、その重量(W1)を求めた後、電気炉内において、窒素雰囲気下、500℃の温度で1時間曝熱処理を施し、その曝熱処理後の残渣を正確に秤量して、その重量(W2)を求める。
C1=(1-W2/W1)×100 ・・・(1)
C2=(1-W4/W3)×100 ・・・(2)
C=[W5/(W5+W6)]×100 ・・・(3)
先ず、図1に示されるように、予め常温自硬性砂で作製された、上部に溶湯注入口2と下部に中子の幅木固定部4とを有する半割れ中空主型6(キャビティ直径:6cm、高さ:6cm)の内に、250℃に加熱した金型に、各々の鋳型造型用材料を吹き込み、充填した後、120秒間加熱することで造型された、幅木部8を有する円形無空中子10(直径:5cm、高さ:5cm)を、幅木固定部4で接着固定した後、更に、半割れ中空主型6を相互に接着固定して、鋳造試験用砂型12を作製する。なお、鋳造時の湯漏れを防ぐために、接着した主型を万力等でクランプするか、針金を巻いてしっかりと固定する。次に、この鋳造試験用砂型12の溶湯注入口2から鋳鉄溶湯:FC200(温度:1380℃±40℃)を注湯し、凝固せしめた後、主型6及び中子10を壊して、図2に示される如き、円筒状の鋳物16を取り出す。そして、この得られた鋳物16を半分に切断して、焼付き及び鋳肌(鋳物の肌)の状況を目視及び手触りにて確認し、以下に示す基準に従って、それぞれ、3段階及び4段階で評価する。
<焼付き>
○:焼付きは、認められない
△:鋳物の一部に、焼付きが認められる
×:鋳物の全面に、焼付きが認められる
<鋳肌>
◎:鋳物全体の鋳肌は平滑であり、手の引っ掛かりもない
〇:鋳物全体の鋳肌は平滑であるが、一部にざらつきがある
△:鋳物全体の鋳肌にざらつきがあり、一部に引っ掛かりがある
×:鋳物全体の鋳肌にざらつき、引っ掛かりがある
温度計、撹拌装置及びコンデンサを備えた反応容器に、フェノールの200部、ビスフェノールA(BPA)の800部、47%ホルマリンの234部、及び、蓚酸の3部を投入した。次いで、反応容器を徐々に昇温して、還流温度に到達せしめた後、90分間還流反応させ、更に、常圧にて脱水を行なった後、減圧にて180℃になるまで加熱して、未反応フェノールを除去することにより、BPA変性率が80%である変性ノボラック型フェノール樹脂として、樹脂A1を得た。
フェノールの700部、ビスフェノールAの300部、47%ホルマリンの363部、及び、蓚酸の3部を投入したこと以外は、上記のフェノール樹脂A1の製造例と同様の手順に従って、BPA変性率が30%である変性ノボラック型フェノール樹脂として、樹脂A2を得た。
フェノールの700部、1-ナフトールの300部、47%ホルマリンの395部、及び、蓚酸の3部を投入したこと以外は、上記のフェノール樹脂A1の製造例と同様の手順に従って、ナフトール変性率が30%である変性ノボラック型フェノール樹脂からなる樹脂A3を得た。
フェノールの700部、オルソクレゾールの300部、47%ホルマリンの424部、及び、蓚酸の3部を投入したこと以外は、上記のフェノール樹脂A1の製造例と同様の手順に従って、オルソクレゾール変性率が30%である変性ノボラック型フェノール樹脂として、樹脂A4を得た。
フェノールの1000部、47%ホルマリンの441部、及び、蓚酸の3部を投入したこと以外は、前記したフェノール樹脂A1の製造例と同様の手順に従って、無変性の通常のノボラック型フェノール樹脂(変性率0%)である樹脂A5を得た。
ベンジリックエーテル型フェノール樹脂(旭有機材株式会社製:CBP-160EH、MW:1200)とポリイソシアネート化合物としてのポリメリックMDI(旭有機材株式会社製:CB-MT3)とを準備し、耐火性骨材の表面にコーティング層を形成せしめる際に、それら2種の成分を1:1(質量比)の割合で混合した混合物を、フェノールウレタン樹脂形成用材料として用いた。
レゾール型フェノール樹脂として、アンモニアレゾール型フェノール樹脂である旭有機材株式会社製のSP750WM(商品名、重量平均分子量:1000)を準備した。
レゾール型フェノール樹脂として、アンモニアレゾール型フェノール樹脂である旭有機材株式会社製のSP400(商品名、重量平均分子量:2100)を準備した。
レゾール型フェノール樹脂として、アルカリレゾール型フェノール樹脂である旭有機材株式会社製のTS-10(商品名、重量平均分子量:3800)を準備した。
耐火性骨材として、フラタリーサンドと再生ケイ砂の1:1の混合砂を用い、約140℃の温度に予熱した後、この混合砂の100部と、前記変性ノボラック型フェノール樹脂である樹脂A1の2.5部と、揮発促進剤としての脂肪族縮合リン酸エステル:PNX(商品名:Fyrol PNX-LE、ICL JAPAN株式会社製)の3部とを、順次ワールミキサーに投入して、60秒間混練した。更に、硬化剤としてのヘキサメチレンテトラミンの0.375部を水に溶解してなるものを添加して、送風冷却し、その後、ステアリン酸カルシウムの0.1部を添加して、シェルモールド用鋳型材料(鋳型造型用材料)を得た。
揮発促進剤である脂肪族縮合リン酸エステル:PNXの使用量を、5部又は10部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の手法にて、シェルモールド用鋳型材料を得た。
炭素材料として、粉末状の黒鉛の5部を更に添加したこと以外は、実施例2と同様の手法にて、シェルモールド用鋳型材料を得た。
揮発促進剤として、脂肪族縮合リン酸エステル:PNXに代えて、有機ハロゲン化物であるテトラブロモビスフェノールA(TBBPA)の5部を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様の手法にて、シェルモールド用鋳型材料を得た。
変性ノボラック型フェノール樹脂として、樹脂A1に代えて、樹脂A2、樹脂A3、又は樹脂A4を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様の手法にて、それぞれ、シェルモールド用鋳型材料を得た。
バインダ樹脂として、変性ノボラック型フェノール樹脂である樹脂A1と共に、レゾール型フェノール樹脂である樹脂B1を、樹脂固形分換算においてA1:B1=75:25の割合で用いると共に、硬化剤の使用量を0.075部としたこと以外は、実施例2と同様の手法にて、シェルモールド用鋳型材料を得た。
レゾール型フェノール樹脂として、樹脂B1に代えて、樹脂B2を用いると共に、樹脂固形分換算においてA1:B2=50:50の配合比を採用したこと以外は、実施例9と同様の手法にて、シェルモールド用鋳型材料を得た。
バインダ樹脂として、無変性のノボラック型フェノール樹脂である樹脂A5のみを用いる一方、揮発促進剤であるPNXを添加しないこと以外は、実施例1と同様の手法にて、シェルモールド用鋳型材料を得た。
揮発促進剤としてのPNXを添加しないこと以外は、実施例6と同様の手法にて、シェルモールド用鋳型材料を得た。
レゾール型フェノール樹脂として、樹脂B2に代えて、樹脂B3を用いたこと以外は、実施例10と同様の手法にて、シェルモールド用鋳型材料を得た。
耐火性骨材として、実施例1と同様の混合砂を用い、前記フェノールウレタン樹脂形成用材料(ベンジリックエーテル型フェノール樹脂+ポリイソシアネート化合物)の1.0部を、バインダ樹脂として用いると共に、硬化剤の使用量を1.0部とし、これらをミキサーで60秒間混錬することにより、鋳型材料を得た。なお、本比較例で得られた鋳型材料を用いた中子造型については、以下の方法によって行なった。先ず、コールドボックス造型機のサンドマガジン内に、上記の鋳型材料を投入した後、この鋳型材料を、中子造型用金型内に、ゲージ圧:0.3MPaで充填する。次いで、かかる金型内に、ガスジェネレータにより、ゲージ圧:0.2MPaで1秒間、トリエチルアミンガスを通気した後、ゲージ圧:0.2MPaで14秒間、エアーパージし、更にその後、抜型して、幅木部8を有する円形無空中子10(直径:5cm、高さ:5cm)を作製した。
上記で得られた実施例1~10及び比較例1~4に係る各鋳型材料について、それぞれのバインダ樹脂、硬化剤、及び揮発促進剤の硬化混合物の揮発率を、前述せる測定方法に従って測定すると共に、それぞれの鋳型材料から造型された鋳型を用いた鋳造操作において、それぞれの焼付きと鋳肌の評価を、前述せる手法に従って、実施した。そして、それら得られた測定乃至は評価結果を、下記表1~表3に示した。また、図3には、実施例2,6,9と比較例1,2,3において得られたシェルモールド用鋳型材料について、それぞれ、変性率と揮発率の関係が示されている。
6 主型 8 幅木部
10 中子 12 砂型
14 廃中子排出口 16 鋳物
Claims (10)
- 耐火性骨材と、変性ノボラック型フェノール樹脂の単独、又は変性ノボラック型フェノール樹脂及びレゾール型フェノール樹脂の組合せとを含む混合物からなり、且つかかる樹脂の単独又は組合せの硬化物を、窒素雰囲気下、500℃の温度で1時間曝熱処理した際の揮発率が、45~60%であることを特徴とする耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型造型用材料。
- 前記変性ノボラック型フェノール樹脂が、多価フェノール、多環フェノール及びアルキルフェノールの少なくとも何れかで変性されたものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型造型用材料。
- 前記レゾール型フェノール樹脂が、3000以下の重量平均分子量を有していることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型造型用材料。
- 前記変性ノボラック型フェノール樹脂と前記レゾール型フェノール樹脂との配合比が、質量基準にて、10:90~95:5であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3の何れか1項に記載の耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型造型用材料。
- 前記硬化物の揮発を促進せしめ得る揮発促進剤を、更に含有すると共に、前記揮発率が、該揮発促進剤の存在下において求められるものであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4の何れか1項に記載の耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型造型用材料。
- 前記揮発促進剤が、有機リン酸エステル及び/又は有機ハロゲン化物からなる群より選択されることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型造型用材料。
- 炭素材料が、更に含有せしめられることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項6の何れか1項に記載の耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型造型用材料。
- 前記耐火性骨材の表面を被覆するように、前記樹脂の単独又は組合せを含む被覆層が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項7の何れか1項に記載の耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型造型用材料。
- 鉄系溶湯の鋳造用鋳型の造型に用いられるものであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項8の何れか1項に記載の耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型造型用材料。
- 請求項1乃至請求項9の何れか1項に記載の耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型造型用材料を用いて造型し、加熱硬化せしめてなることを特徴とする耐焼付き性に優れた鋳型。
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JP2003220444A (ja) * | 2002-01-25 | 2003-08-05 | Asahi Organic Chem Ind Co Ltd | 鋳型用樹脂系結合剤組成物 |
WO2007049645A1 (ja) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-03 | Asahi Organic Chemicals Industry Co., Ltd. | シェルモールド用ノボラック型フェノール樹脂及びその製造方法並びにレジンコーテッドサンド |
WO2007105347A1 (ja) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-20 | Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. | シェルモールド用樹脂組成物及びレジンコーテッドサンド |
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MX2023012122A (es) | 2023-10-24 |
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