WO2022215752A1 - 光吸収異方性フィルム、光吸収異方性フィルムの製造方法、表示装置、カメラ、センサー、装置 - Google Patents

光吸収異方性フィルム、光吸収異方性フィルムの製造方法、表示装置、カメラ、センサー、装置 Download PDF

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WO2022215752A1
WO2022215752A1 PCT/JP2022/017390 JP2022017390W WO2022215752A1 WO 2022215752 A1 WO2022215752 A1 WO 2022215752A1 JP 2022017390 W JP2022017390 W JP 2022017390W WO 2022215752 A1 WO2022215752 A1 WO 2022215752A1
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group
light
anisotropic film
compound
specific
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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慎一 森嶌
友樹 平井
遼司 姫野
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Fujifilm Corp
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Fujifilm Corp
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Priority to CN202280027083.6A priority patent/CN117120895A/zh
Publication of WO2022215752A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022215752A1/ja
Priority to US18/481,046 priority patent/US20240053511A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/08—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of polarising materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
    • G02B5/223—Absorbing filters containing organic substances, e.g. dyes, inks or pigments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light-absorbing anisotropic film, a method for manufacturing a light-absorbing anisotropic film, a display device, a camera, a sensor, and an apparatus.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a polarizing plate having absorption in the infrared region, which is a light-absorbing anisotropic film.
  • the polarizing plate is obtained by impregnating a polyvinyl alcohol film with a dichroic substance that absorbs infrared rays by an impregnation treatment and stretching the resulting film.
  • (4) contains two or more dichroic substances,
  • the composition obtained in step 1 comprises particles composed of a dichroic material; The method for producing an optically anisotropic film according to (6), wherein the particles have an average particle size of 10 to 1000 nm.
  • the composition contains a non-colored lyotropic liquid crystal compound, The method for producing a light-absorbing anisotropic film according to any one of (6) to (8), wherein in step 2, the composition is sheared to orient the dichroic substance.
  • a display device comprising the light-absorbing anisotropic film according to any one of (1) to (5).
  • a camera comprising the light-absorbing anisotropic film according to any one of (1) to (5).
  • a sensor comprising the light-absorbing anisotropic film according to any one of (1) to (5).
  • a device comprising the light-absorbing anisotropic film according to any one of (1) to (5) and an infrared light source.
  • the present invention it is possible to provide a light-absorbing anisotropic film that has absorption in the near-infrared region (especially, wavelengths of 700 to 1600 nm) and is excellent in bendability. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a manufacturing method, a display device, a camera, a sensor, and an apparatus with optical absorption anisotropy.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of orientation directions of dichroic substances in a light-absorbing anisotropic film.
  • the angular relationship shall include the range of error that is permissible in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.
  • the angle is within a strict range of ⁇ 5°, and the error from the strict angle is preferably within a range of ⁇ 3°.
  • the bonding direction of the divalent group (e.g., -COO-) described herein is not particularly limited. For example, when L in XLY is -COO-, If the position where *1 is attached and *2 is the position where the good too.
  • the materials contained in the light-absorbing anisotropic film are first described in detail, and then the characteristics, manufacturing method, and application of the light-absorbing anisotropic film are described in detail.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention contains a dichroic substance having a hydrophilic group (hereinafter also simply referred to as "specific dichroic substance").
  • specific dichroic substance a dichroic substance having a hydrophilic group
  • a dichroic substance means a substance that absorbs light differently depending on the direction.
  • the specific dichroic substance may or may not exhibit liquid crystallinity (for example, lyotropic liquid crystallinity).
  • liquid crystallinity for example, lyotropic liquid crystallinity
  • the specific dichroic substance may exhibit any of nematicity, smecticity and columnarity.
  • a specific dichroic substance has a hydrophilic group.
  • Hydrophilic groups include acid groups or salts thereof, onium groups, hydroxy groups or salts thereof, sulfonamide groups (H 2 N—SO 2 —), and polyoxyalkylene groups. Among them, an acid group or a salt thereof is preferable.
  • Onium bases are groups derived from onium salts, such as ammonium bases (*-N + (R Z ) 3 A ⁇ ), phosphonium bases (*-P + (R Z ) 3 A ⁇ ), and sulfonium bases.
  • a base (*-S + (R Z ) 2 A ⁇ ) is included.
  • Each R Z independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group.
  • a ⁇ represents an anion (eg, halogen ion). * represents a binding position.
  • a salt of a hydroxy group is represented by *-O - M + , where M + represents a cation and * represents a binding position. Examples of cations represented by M + include cations in salts of acid groups described later.
  • Examples of polyoxyalkylene groups include groups represented by R Z —(OL Z ) n —*. RZ is as described above.
  • L Z represents an alkylene group. * represents a binding position.
  • Acid groups or salts thereof include, for example, a sulfo group (--SO 3 H) or a salt thereof (--SO 3 ⁇ M + .
  • M + represents a cation.
  • a carboxyl group (--COOH) or a salt thereof.
  • —COO ⁇ M + where M + represents a cation
  • a sulfo group or a salt thereof is preferred in terms of better orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film.
  • the above-mentioned salt refers to a substance in which hydrogen ions of an acid are replaced with other cations such as metal ions.
  • a salt of an acid group means one in which a hydrogen ion of an acid group such as —SO 3 H group is replaced with another cation.
  • cations in salts of acid groups include Na + , K + , Li + , Rb + , Cs + , Ba 2+ , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Sr 2+ , Pb 2+ , Zn 2+ , La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Y 3+ , Yb 3+ , Gd 3+ or Zr 4+ .
  • alkali metal ions are preferred, Na + , K + or Li + are more preferred, and Li + is even more preferred, in terms of better orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film.
  • the specific dichroic substance preferably has a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 700 to 1600 nm. That is, the specific dichroic substance is preferably a near-infrared absorbing dichroic substance.
  • the type of specific dichroic substance (especially near-infrared absorbing dichroic substance having a hydrophilic group) is not particularly limited, and known materials can be mentioned.
  • Examples of the specific dichroic substance include dichroic dyes having a hydrophilic group, such as phthalocyanine dyes having a hydrophilic group, naphthalocyanine dyes having a hydrophilic group, and metal complexes having a hydrophilic group.
  • Dyes boron complex dyes with hydrophilic groups, cyanine dyes with hydrophilic groups, oxonol dyes with hydrophilic groups, squarylium dyes with hydrophilic groups, rylene dyes with hydrophilic groups, hydrophilic diimonium dyes having a group, diphenylamine dyes having a hydrophilic group, triphenylamine dyes having a hydrophilic group, quinone dyes having a hydrophilic group, and azo dyes having a hydrophilic group.
  • these dyes have longer absorption wavelengths by extending the existing ⁇ -conjugated system, and exhibit a wide variety of absorption wavelengths depending on their structures.
  • Dyes exemplified above phthalocyanine dyes having a hydrophilic group, naphthalocyanine dyes having a hydrophilic group, metal complex dyes having a hydrophilic group, boron complex dyes having a hydrophilic group, hydrophilic groups cyanine dyes with hydrophilic groups, oxonol dyes with hydrophilic groups, squarylium dyes with hydrophilic groups, rylene dyes with hydrophilic groups, diimmonium dyes with hydrophilic groups, diphenylamine dyes with hydrophilic groups , a triphenylamine dye having a hydrophilic group, a quinone dye having a hydrophilic group, and an azo dye having a hydrophilic group) are as described above.
  • a phthalocyanine-based dye having a hydrophilic group and a naphthalocyanine-based dye having a hydrophilic group are dyes having a planar structure and a wide ⁇ -conjugated plane.
  • a phthalocyanine dye having a hydrophilic group preferably has a structure represented by formula (1A), and a naphthalocyanine dye having a hydrophilic group preferably has a structure represented by formula (1B). .
  • M1 represents a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, or a metal halide.
  • Metal atoms include Li, Na, K, Mg, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Cu , Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Hg, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, and Bi.
  • Metal oxides include VO, GeO, and TiO.
  • Metal hydroxides include Si(OH) 2 , Cr(OH) 2 , Sn(OH) 2 , and AlOH.
  • Metal halides include SiCl2 , VCl, VCl2 , VOCl, FeCl, GaCl, ZrCl, and AlCl. Among them, metal atoms such as Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, Al, and V, metal oxides such as VO, and metal hydroxides such as AlOH are preferable, and metal oxides such as VO are more preferable. .
  • a compound represented by the following formula (1A-1) is preferable as the phthalocyanine dye having a hydrophilic group.
  • each R a1 independently represents a substituent having a hydrophilic group (hereinafter also simply referred to as “specific substituent”).
  • Each R a2 independently represents a substituent having no hydrophilic group.
  • the hydrophilic group possessed by the specific substituent is as described above.
  • a group represented by formula (Z) is preferable.
  • R a1 represents a hydrophilic group.
  • the definition of the hydrophilic group is as described above.
  • L a1 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group when q is 1, and represents a q+1 valent linking group when q is 2 or more.
  • divalent linking groups include divalent hydrocarbon groups (e.g., alkylene groups (preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms), alkenylene groups (preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more (preferably 1 to 5), and divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups such as alkynylene groups (preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms), divalent aromatic hydrocarbon rings such as arylene groups group), a divalent heterocyclic group, —O—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —NH—, —N(Q)—, —CO—, or a group combining these (e.g., —O -Divalent hydrocarbon group-, -(O-divalent hydrocarbon group) m -O- (m represents an integer of 1 or more), and -divalent hydrocarbon group -O-CO- etc.).
  • divalent hydrocarbon groups e.g., alkylene groups (preferably having
  • the trivalent linking group includes, for example, a residue formed by removing three hydrogen atoms from a hydrocarbon, a residue formed by removing three hydrogen atoms from a heterocyclic compound, and the above residue and the above divalent linking group.
  • the tetravalent linking group includes, for example, a residue formed by removing 4 hydrogen atoms from a hydrocarbon, a residue formed by removing 4 hydrogen atoms from a heterocyclic compound, and the above residue and the above divalent linking group.
  • q represents an integer of 1 or more, preferably an integer of 1 to 4, more preferably 1 or 2, and even more preferably 1;
  • Each R a2 independently represents a substituent having no hydrophilic group.
  • substituents having no hydrophilic group include an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group.
  • r a1 represents an integer of 1 or more, preferably an integer of 1 to 12, more preferably an integer of 1 to 4.
  • s a1 represents an integer of 0 or more, preferably an integer of 0 to 4, more preferably 0.
  • a compound represented by the following formula (1B-1) is preferable as the naphthalocyanine dye having a hydrophilic group.
  • each R a3 independently represents a specific substituent.
  • Each R a4 independently represents a substituent having no hydrophilic group.
  • the specific substituent represented by R a3 has the same meaning as the specific substituent represented by R a1 .
  • the substituent having no hydrophilic group represented by R a4 is synonymous with the substituent having no hydrophilic group represented by R a2 .
  • r a2 represents an integer of 1 or more, preferably an integer of 1 to 12, more preferably an integer of 1 to 4.
  • s a2 represents an integer of 0 or more, preferably an integer of 0 to 4, more preferably 0.
  • the following compound example 1 is preferable.
  • p and k each independently represent an integer of 0-12, and the sum of p and k is 1-12. Among them, it is preferable that p is 1 to 4 and k is 0.
  • Quinone dyes with hydrophilic groups are dyes with broad absorption.
  • a quinone dye having a hydrophilic group preferably has a structure represented by formula (2).
  • Rb represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. Examples of the substituent represented by R b include groups exemplified for the substituent W described later.
  • Ar 1 and Ar 2 each independently represent an aromatic ring or a heterocyclic ring, and a heterocyclic ring is more preferable from the viewpoint of lengthening the absorption wavelength. Since the quinone dye has a hydrophilic group, it becomes soluble in water. Quinone dyes having a hydrophilic group include, for example, indanthrone dyes as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2006-508034.
  • a compound represented by the following formula (2-1) is preferable as the quinone dye.
  • the following compound example 2 is preferable.
  • n represents an integer of 1 to 12, and when n is 1 or more, each sulfonic acid may be in free form, salt form, or both free form and salt form. may be included in any proportion.
  • a cyanine dye having a hydrophilic group is a dye having strong absorption in the near-infrared region.
  • a compound represented by formula (3) or a compound represented by formula (4) is preferable.
  • Ar 3 to Ar 4 each independently represent a heterocyclic group optionally having a specific substituent, and R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. However, at least one of Ar 3 and Ar 4 represents a heterocyclic group having a specific substituent.
  • the specific substituents possessed by the heterocyclic groups represented by Ar 3 to Ar 4 are as described above.
  • heterocyclic ring constituting the heterocyclic group examples include indolenine ring, benzindolenine ring, imidazole ring, benzimidazole ring, naphthimidazole ring, thiazole ring, benzothiazole ring, naphthothiazole ring, thiazoline ring, oxazole ring, benzoxazole ring, naphthoxazole ring, oxazoline ring, selenazole ring, benzoselenazole ring, naphthoselenazole ring, and quinoline ring, indolenine ring, benzoindolenine ring, benzothiazole ring, or naphthothiazole ring is preferred.
  • a specific substituent may be substituted on a heteroatom or a carbon atom in the heterocyclic ring.
  • the heterocyclic group may have only one specific substituent, or may have a plurality (
  • r c1 represents an integer of 1-7, preferably an integer of 3-5.
  • R c1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
  • the type of substituent is not particularly limited, and includes known substituents such as an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, or a substituted heteroaryl groups are preferred.
  • substituents that the alkyl group, aryl group, and heteroaryl group may have include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, and an aromatic heterocyclic oxy group.
  • acyl group alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyloxy group, acylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, sulfamoyl group, carbamoyl group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, aromatic heterocyclic thio group, ureido groups, halogen atoms, cyano groups, nitro groups, heterocyclic groups (eg, heteroaryl groups), silyl groups, and groups in which these are combined (hereinafter, these groups are also collectively referred to as "substituent W". ) and the like.
  • the said substituent may be substituted with the substituent W further.
  • Ar 5 to Ar 6 each independently represent a heterocyclic group optionally having a specific substituent
  • Ar 7 represents a cyclic skeleton having 5 to 7 carbon atoms
  • W is , a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a methyl group, a phenyl group which may have a substituent, a benzyl group which may have a substituent, a pyridyl group, a morpholyl group, a piperidyl group, a pyrrolidyl group, having a substituent phenylamino group which may be substituted, a phenoxy group which may have a substituent, an alkylthio group which may have a substituent, or a phenylthio group which may have a substituent.
  • Ar 5 and Ar 6 represents a heterocyclic group having a specific substituent.
  • the specific substituents possessed by the heterocyclic groups represented by Ar 5 to Ar 6 are as described above.
  • Examples of the heterocyclic ring constituting the heterocyclic group include indolenine ring, benzindolenine ring, imidazole ring, benzimidazole ring, naphthimidazole ring, thiazole ring, benzothiazole ring, naphthothiazole ring, thiazoline ring, oxazole ring, benzoxazole ring, naphthoxazole ring, oxazoline ring, selenazole ring, benzoselenazole ring, naphthoselenazole ring, and quinoline ring, indolenine ring, benzoindolenine ring, benzothiazole ring, or naphthothiazole ring is preferred.
  • substituents that the phenyl group, benzyl group, phenylamino group, phenoxy group, alkylthio group, and phenylthio group represented by W may have include groups exemplified for the above-described substituent W, and A hydrophilic group can be mentioned.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkylthio group represented by W is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1-5, more preferably 1-3.
  • the compound represented by formula (4) is an intramolecular salt type having a cation and an anion in one molecule, or an intermolecular salt type.
  • Specific examples include indocyanine green and water-soluble dyes described in JP-A-63-033477.
  • the compound represented by formula (4) is preferably a compound represented by formula (4-1).
  • R c2 to R c5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and any one of R c2 to R c5 is a substituent having —SO 3 — (for example, an alkyl group having —SO 3 — .
  • the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • a substituent having —COO — for example, an alkyl group having —COO — .
  • the alkyl group has 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • Ar c1 and Ar c2 each independently represent an aromatic hydrocarbon ring (eg, a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring), and Ar 7 is Represents a cyclic skeleton having 5 to 7 carbon atoms
  • W is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a methyl group, a phenyl group optionally having substituents, a benzyl group optionally having substituents, a pyridyl group, a morpholyl group , a piperidyl group, a pyrrolidyl group, a phenylamino group optionally having a substituent, a phenoxy group optionally having a substituent, an alkylthio group optionally having a substituent, or having a substituent represents a good phenylthio group
  • r c2 represents an integer of 1 to 3
  • r c2 represents an integer of 1 to 3
  • Substituents represented by R c2 to R c5 include groups exemplified for substituent W and specific substituents.
  • substituents that the phenyl group, benzyl group, phenylamino group, phenoxy group, alkylthio group, and phenylthio group represented by W may have include groups exemplified for the substituent W and specific substituents groups.
  • Examples of compounds represented by formula (3) and compounds represented by formula (4) include compound examples 3 to 6.
  • a squarylium-based dye having a hydrophilic group is a dye having squaric acid as a central skeleton.
  • a compound represented by Formula (5) is preferable as the squarylium dye having a hydrophilic group.
  • Ar 8 and Ar 9 each independently represent a heterocyclic group optionally having a specific substituent.
  • Ar 8 and Ar 9 are preferably the heterocycle represented by Ar 6 described above.
  • the compound represented by the formula (5) also takes an intramolecular salt form or an intermolecular salt form, and takes the same salt form as the cyanine dye.
  • a compound represented by formula (5-1) or a compound represented by formula (5-2) is preferable as the squarylium dye having a hydrophilic group.
  • Ar e1 represents a heterocyclic group optionally having a specific substituent.
  • Ar e2 represents a heterocyclic group containing N + which may have a specific substituent. However, at least one of the heterocyclic group represented by Are1 and the heterocyclic group represented by Are2 has a specific substituent.
  • Ar e3 represents a heterocyclic group optionally having a specific substituent.
  • Ar e4 represents a heterocyclic group containing N + which may have a specific substituent. However, at least one of the heterocyclic group represented by Are3 and the heterocyclic group represented by Are4 has a specific substituent.
  • Azo dyes are dyes that absorb in the visible light region and are mainly used in water-soluble inks.
  • Examples of azo dyes include C.I. I. Acid Black 2 (manufactured by Orient Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), C.I. I. Direct Black 19 (manufactured by Aldrich Industries, Ltd.) can be mentioned.
  • Azo dyes can also be complexed with metal atoms. Complexes containing azo dyes include compounds represented by Formula (6).
  • M2 represents a metal atom such as cobalt and nickel.
  • a 1 and B 1 each independently represent an aromatic ring optionally having a specific substituent. However, any one of A 1 and B 1 represents an aromatic ring having a specific substituent.
  • Aromatic rings include benzene and naphthalene rings.
  • X + represents a cation. Cations include H + , alkali metal cations, and ammonium cations.
  • Complexes containing azo dyes include dyes described in JP-A-59-011385.
  • metal complex dyes examples include compounds represented by formula (7) and compounds represented by formula (8).
  • M 3 represents a metal atom
  • R g1 to R g2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent
  • at least one of R g1 and R g2 represents a specific substituent
  • X 1 to X 2 each independently represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or -NR g3 -.
  • R g3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group.
  • Metal atoms represented by M3 include Pd , Ni, Co, and Cu, with Ni being preferred.
  • the types of substituents represented by R g1 to R g2 are not particularly limited, and include the groups exemplified for the substituent W described above and specific substituents. At least one of R g1 and R g2 may represent a specific substituent, and both R g1 and R g2 may represent a specific substituent.
  • M 4 represents a metal atom
  • R h1 to R h2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent
  • at least one of R h1 and R h2 represents a specific substituent
  • X 3 to X 4 each independently represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or -NR h3 -.
  • R h3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group.
  • Metal atoms represented by M4 include Pd, Ni, Co, and Cu, with Ni being preferred.
  • the types of substituents represented by R h1 to R h2 are not particularly limited, and include the groups exemplified for the substituent W described above and specific substituents. At least one of R h1 and R h2 may represent a specific substituent, and both R h1 and R h2 may represent a specific substituent.
  • a boron complex dye having a hydrophilic group includes a compound represented by formula (9).
  • R i1 to R i2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a phenyl group; R i3 each independently represents an electron-withdrawing group ; Each independently represents an aryl group optionally having a specific substituent, at least one of the two Ar 10 represents an aryl group having a specific substituent, and each Ar 11 independently has a substituent. represents an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring which may be substituted, and Y represents a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom.
  • the electron-withdrawing group represented by R i3 is not particularly limited, and represents a substituent having a positive Hammett's ⁇ p value (sigma para value), for example, a cyano group, an acyl group, an alkyloxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group , sulfamoyl, sulfinyl, and heterocyclic groups. These electron-withdrawing groups may be further substituted.
  • Hammett's substituent constant ⁇ value will be described.
  • Hammett's rule was proposed by L. et al. P. A rule of thumb put forward by Hammett, which is widely accepted today.
  • Substituent constants determined by Hammett's rule include ⁇ p and ⁇ m values, and these values can be found in many general books. For example, Chem. Rev. , 1991, Vol. 91, pp. 165-195.
  • the electron-withdrawing group is preferably a substituent having a Hammett's substituent constant ⁇ p value of 0.20 or more.
  • the ⁇ p value is preferably 0.25 or more, more preferably 0.30 or more, and even more preferably 0.35 or more.
  • the upper limit is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.80 or less.
  • cyano group 0.66), a carboxyl group (-COOH: 0.45), an alkoxycarbonyl group (-COOMe: 0.45), an aryloxycarbonyl group (-COOPh: 0.44), carbamoyl groups (--CONH 2 : 0.36), alkylcarbonyl groups (--COMe: 0.50), arylcarbonyl groups (--COPh: 0.43), alkylsulfonyl groups (--SO 2 Me: 0.72), and , an arylsulfonyl group (-SO 2 Ph: 0.68).
  • the aryl group optionally having a specific substituent represented by Ar 10 is preferably a phenyl group optionally having a specific substituent.
  • a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring is preferable as the aromatic hydrocarbon ring in the optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring represented by Ar 11 .
  • substituents that the aromatic hydrocarbon ring and the aromatic heterocyclic ring represented by Ar 11 may have include the groups exemplified for the substituent W described above and the specific substituents.
  • the diimmonium dye having a hydrophilic group is a dye having absorption on the relatively long wavelength side (950 to 1100 nm) even in the near-infrared region, and is preferably a compound represented by formula (10).
  • R j1 to R j8 each independently represent an optionally substituted alkyl group or an optionally substituted aromatic ring group, and R j1 to R At least one of j8 represents an alkyl group having a specific substituent or an aromatic ring group having a specific substituent.
  • Q- represents an anion, and includes halide ion, perchlorate ion, antimony fluoride ion, phosphorus fluoride ion, boron fluoride ion, trifluoromethanesulfonate ion, bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide ion, and naphthalene. A sulfonate ion is mentioned.
  • a compound represented by formula (11) is preferable as the oxonol dye having a hydrophilic group.
  • Y 1 and Y 2 each independently represent a nonmetallic atom group forming an aliphatic ring or a heterocyclic ring
  • M + is a proton, a monovalent alkali metal cation, or represents an organic cation
  • L 1 represents a methine chain consisting of 5 or 7 methine groups
  • the central methine group of the methine chain has a substituent represented by the following formula A, *-S A -T A formula (A)
  • the compound represented by Formula (12) is more preferable as the oxonol dye having a hydrophilic group.
  • M + and L 1 are the same as M + and L 1 in formula (11).
  • R m1 , R m2 , R m3 and R m4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a heteroaryl group, X each independently represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or selenium represents an atom.
  • the compound represented by Formula (13) is more preferable as the oxonol dye having a hydrophilic group.
  • M + , L 1 and X are the same as M + , L 1 and X in formula (11).
  • R n1 and R n3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group;
  • a compound represented by formula (14), a compound represented by formula (15), or a compound represented by formula (16) is preferable.
  • Y o1 and Y o2 are each independently an oxygen atom or NR w1
  • R w1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
  • Z o1 to Z o4 each independently represent an oxygen atom or NR W2
  • R w2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
  • R o1 to R o8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent
  • at least one of R o1 to R o8 is a specific substituent or at least one of Y o1 and Y o2 is NR W1 in which R w1 is a specific substituent
  • at least one of Z o1 to Z o4 is NR W2 in which R w2 is a specific substituent.
  • R W1 and R W2 may combine with each other to form a ring which may have a substituent.
  • the substituents may combine with each other to form a ring (eg, aromatic ring).
  • Y p1 and Y p2 are each independently an oxygen atom or NR w3
  • R w3 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
  • Z p1 to Z p4 each independently represent an oxygen atom.
  • R w4 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
  • R p1 to R p12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent
  • at least one of R p1 to R p12 is a specific substituent or at least one of Y p1 and Y p2 is NR W3 in which R w3 is a specific substituent, or at least one of Z p1 to Z p4 is NR W4 in which R w4 is a specific substituent.
  • R W3 and R W4 may combine with each other to form a ring which may have a substituent.
  • Y q1 and Y q2 are each independently an oxygen atom or NR w5
  • R w5 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
  • Z q1 to Z q4 each independently represent an oxygen atom.
  • R w6 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent
  • R q1 to R q16 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent
  • at least one of R q1 to R q16 and R z represents a specific substituent
  • at least one of Y q1 and Y q2 is NR W5 where R w5 is a specific substituent
  • at least one of Z q1 to Z q4 is NR W6 where R w6 is a specific substituent be.
  • R W5 and R W6 may combine with each other to form a ring which may have a substituent. When the ring to be formed has two or more substituents, the substituents may combine with each other to form a ring (eg, aromatic ring).
  • the specific dichroic substance preferably constitutes a J-aggregate. That is, the light-absorbing anisotropic film preferably contains a J compound composed of a specific dichroic substance.
  • a J-aggregate is an aggregate of pigments. More specifically, the J aggregate refers to a state in which dye molecules are associated with each other with a certain slip angle.
  • the J-aggregate has an absorption band with a narrow half-width and a high absorption coefficient on the long wavelength side compared to a single dye molecule in a solution state. This sharpened absorption band is called the J band.
  • the J-band is described in detail in literature (for example, Photographic Science and Engineering Vol 18, No 323-335 (1974)). Whether or not it is a J-aggregate can be easily determined by measuring its maximum absorption wavelength.
  • the absorption peak of the J band is shifted to the long wavelength side with respect to the absorption peak of one molecule of the dye, and the difference between the wavelength of the absorption peak of the J band and the wavelength of the absorption peak of one molecule of the dye is 10 to 300 nm. Preferably, 30 to 250 nm is more preferable.
  • Absorption characteristics of the specific dichroic substance are not particularly limited, but it preferably has a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 700 to 1600 nm.
  • the specific dichroic substance may have multiple maximum absorption wavelengths in the wavelength range of 700 to 1600 nm.
  • the maximum absorption wavelength of the J-aggregate is preferably in the wavelength range of 700 to 1600 nm. Only one type of specific dichroic substance may be used, or two or more types may be used.
  • the specific dichroic substance 5 to 50 mg
  • a solution e.g., water, methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide
  • an absorption spectrum is measured using a spectrophotometer (MPC-3100 (manufactured by SHIMADZU)), and the maximum absorption wavelength is read from the obtained absorption spectrum.
  • the content of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film is not particularly limited. ⁇ 30% by mass is preferable, and 3 to 15% by mass is more preferable.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention may contain components other than the specific dichroic substance described above.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film may contain a non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound.
  • a light-absorbing anisotropic film can be easily produced by using a composition containing a specific dichroic substance and a non-colored lyotropic liquid crystal compound.
  • Non-coloring means not showing absorption in the visible light region. More specifically, when measuring the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of a solution in which the lyotropic liquid crystal compound is dissolved at a concentration such that the absorbance at the maximum absorption wavelength in the ultraviolet region (230 to 400 nm) is 1.0, the visible light region It means that the absorbance in the range (wavelength 400 to 700 nm) is 0.1 or less.
  • a lyotropic liquid crystal compound is a compound exhibiting lyotropic liquid crystallinity.
  • the lyotropic liquid crystallinity is a property of causing a phase transition between an isotropic phase and a liquid crystal phase by changing the temperature and concentration in a solution state dissolved in a solvent.
  • the lyotropic liquid crystal compound is preferably water-soluble from the viewpoint of easy control of liquid crystal development.
  • the water-soluble lyotropic liquid crystal compound means a lyotropic liquid crystal compound that dissolves in water at 1% by mass or more, preferably a lyotropic liquid crystal compound that dissolves in water at 5% by mass or more.
  • the type of lyotropic liquid crystal compound is not particularly limited as long as it can form the light absorption anisotropic film described above.
  • non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal rod-like compounds (hereinafter also referred to simply as “rod-like compounds”)
  • a non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystalline tabular compound (hereinafter also simply referred to as “plate-like compound”) is preferable.
  • the non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound only a rod-like compound may be used, only a plate-like compound may be used, or a rod-like compound and a plate-like compound may be used in combination.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film may contain a rod-shaped compound.
  • a rod-shaped compound tends to be oriented in a predetermined direction.
  • the rodlike compound exhibits lyotropic liquid crystallinity.
  • the rod-shaped compound is preferably water-soluble in terms of easy control of liquid crystal development.
  • the water-soluble rod-shaped compound means a rod-shaped compound that dissolves in water at 1% by mass or more, preferably a rod-shaped compound that dissolves in water at 5% by mass or more.
  • the rod-shaped compound refers to a compound having a structure in which ring structures (aromatic rings, non-aromatic rings, etc.) are one-dimensionally connected via a single bond or a divalent linking group, and the solvent Among them, it refers to a group of compounds that have the property of aligning their long axes parallel to each other.
  • the rod-like compound preferably has a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 300 nm or less. That is, the rod-like compound preferably has a maximum absorption peak in the wavelength range of 300 nm or less.
  • the maximum absorption wavelength of the rod-shaped compound means the wavelength at which the absorbance takes the maximum value in the absorption spectrum of the rod-shaped compound (measurement range: wavelength range of 230 to 400 nm). When there are multiple maximum absorbance values in the absorption spectrum of the rod-like compound, the wavelength on the longest wavelength side in the measurement range is selected.
  • the rod-shaped compound preferably has a maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 230 to 300 nm, and a maximum in the range of 250 to 290 nm, in terms of better orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light absorption anisotropic film. It is more preferable to have an absorption wavelength.
  • the maximum absorption wavelength of the rod-shaped compound is preferably located at 250 nm or longer.
  • the method for measuring the maximum absorption wavelength is as follows. A rod-shaped compound (5 to 50 mg) is dissolved in pure water (1000 ml), and the absorption spectrum of the resulting solution is measured using a spectrophotometer (MPC-3100 (manufactured by Shimadzu)).
  • the rod-shaped compound preferably has a hydrophilic group in that the orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film is more excellent.
  • the rod-shaped compound may have only one hydrophilic group, or may have a plurality of hydrophilic groups.
  • the definition of the hydrophilic group is the same as the definition of the hydrophilic group possessed by the specific dichroic substance described above, and the preferred embodiments are also the same.
  • a polymer having a repeating unit represented by formula (X) is preferable in that the orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film is more excellent.
  • R x1 is a divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group, a divalent non-aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group, or a group represented by formula (X1) represents In formula (X1), * represents a bonding position.
  • R x3 and R x4 are each independently a divalent aromatic ring group optionally having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group, or optionally having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group 2 represents a valent non-aromatic ring group, and at least one of R x3 and R x4 is a divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group, or a divalent divalent ring having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represents a non-aromatic ring group.
  • L x3 represents a single bond, —O—, —S—, an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, or an alkynylene group.
  • the divalent aromatic ring group and the divalent non-aromatic ring group represented by R x1 have a substituent containing a hydrophilic group.
  • the hydrophilic group contained in the substituent containing a hydrophilic group include the groups exemplified for the hydrophilic group possessed by the specific dichroic substance described above, and an acid group or a salt thereof is preferable.
  • a substituent containing a hydrophilic group a group represented by Formula (H) is preferable.
  • * represents a bonding position.
  • R H -L H -* RH represents a hydrophilic group.
  • the definition of the hydrophilic group is as described above.
  • LH represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
  • the divalent linking group is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include divalent hydrocarbon groups (e.g., alkylene groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenylene groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and alkynylene groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • divalent hydrocarbon groups e.g., alkylene groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenylene groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and alkynylene groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • divalent aromatic hydrocarbon ring groups such as arylene groups
  • divalent heterocyclic groups —O—, —S—, —SO 2 —, —NH -, -CO-, or a group combining these (e.g., -CO-O-, -O-divalent hydrocarbon group -, -(O-divalent hydrocarbon group) m -O-(m represents an integer of 1 or more), and -divalent hydrocarbon group -O-CO-, etc.).
  • the number of substituents containing a hydrophilic group possessed by the divalent aromatic ring group is not particularly limited, 1 to 3 are preferable in that the orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light absorption anisotropic film is superior.
  • 1 is more preferred.
  • the number of substituents containing a hydrophilic group possessed by the divalent non-aromatic ring group is not particularly limited, it is 1 to 3 in that the orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light absorption anisotropic film is more excellent. is preferred, and 1 is more preferred.
  • the aromatic ring constituting the divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x1 may have a monocyclic structure or a polycyclic structure.
  • Examples of the aromatic ring constituting the divalent aromatic ring group include an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring. That is, R x1 includes a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group and a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group.
  • aromatic hydrocarbon rings include benzene rings and naphthalene rings.
  • Examples of the structure of only the divalent aromatic hydrocarbon ring group portion of the divalent aromatic hydrocarbon ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group include the following groups. * represents a binding position.
  • Aromatic heterocycles include, for example, pyridine, thiophene, pyrimidine, thiazole, furan, pyrrole, imidazole, and indole rings.
  • Examples of the structure of only the divalent aromatic heterocyclic group portion of the divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group include the following groups. * represents a binding position.
  • the non-aromatic ring constituting the divalent non-aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x1 may have a monocyclic structure or a polycyclic structure.
  • the non-aromatic ring constituting the divalent non-aromatic ring group includes, for example, an aliphatic ring and a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring. Aliphatic rings are preferred, cycloalkanes are more preferred, and cyclohexane is even more preferred, from the viewpoint of better orientation.
  • R x1 includes a divalent aliphatic cyclic group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group, and a divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group.
  • a divalent cycloalkylene group having a substituent containing group is preferred.
  • the alicyclic ring may be either a saturated alicyclic ring or an unsaturated alicyclic ring.
  • Examples of the structure of only the divalent aliphatic cyclic group portion of the divalent aliphatic cyclic group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group include the following groups. * represents a binding position.
  • the heteroatom contained in the non-aromatic heterocyclic ring is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur atoms.
  • the number of heteroatoms contained in the non-aromatic heterocyclic ring is not particularly limited, and examples include 1-3. Examples of the structure of only the divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group portion of the divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group include the following groups. * represents a binding position.
  • a divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x1 and a divalent non-aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group are substituted with a hydrophilic group. It may have a substituent other than the group.
  • Substituents are not particularly limited, and examples include alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, aryl groups, amino groups, alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, aromatic heterocyclic oxy groups, acyl groups, alkoxycarbonyl groups, and aryloxycarbonyl groups.
  • acyloxy group acylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, aromatic heterocyclic thio group, ureido group, halogen atom, cyano group, hydrazino group, heterocyclic group (e.g., hetero aryl group), a silyl group, and groups in which these are combined.
  • the said substituent may be further substituted by the substituent.
  • R x3 and R x4 are each independently a divalent aromatic ring group optionally having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group, or optionally having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group 2 represents a valent non-aromatic ring group, and at least one of R x3 and R x4 is a divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group, or a divalent divalent ring having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represents a non-aromatic ring group.
  • the definition of the substituent including the hydrophilic group that the divalent aromatic ring group represented by R x3 and R x4 may have is as described above.
  • the definition of the aromatic ring constituting the divalent aromatic ring group optionally having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x3 and R x4 is the above-described aromatic ring represented by R x1 . is the same as the definition of an aromatic ring constituting a divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group.
  • the definition of the substituent including the hydrophilic group that the divalent non-aromatic ring group represented by R x3 and R x4 may have is as described above.
  • the definition of the non-aromatic ring constituting the divalent non-aromatic ring group optionally having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x3 and R x4 is the above-described R x1 It is the same as the definition of the non-aromatic ring constituting the bivalent non-aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group.
  • At least one of R x3 and R x4 represents a divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group, or a divalent non-aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group
  • R Both x3 and R x4 may represent a divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group or a divalent non-aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group.
  • the definition of the divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x3 and R x4 is the divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x1 described above.
  • the definition of the divalent non-aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x3 and R x4 is 2 having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x1 described above. It is synonymous with the definition of a valent non-aromatic ring group.
  • L x3 represents a single bond, —O—, —S—, an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, or an alkynylene group.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group is not particularly limited, it is preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1, from the viewpoint of better orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkenylene group and the alkynylene group is not particularly limited, it is preferably 2 to 5, more preferably 2 to 4, in terms of better orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film.
  • R x2 represents a divalent non-aromatic ring group, a divalent aromatic ring group, or a group represented by formula (X2).
  • * represents a bonding position.
  • Formula (X2) *-Z x1 -Z x2 -* Z x1 and Z x2 each independently represent a divalent non-aromatic ring group or a divalent aromatic ring group. * represents a binding position.
  • the non-aromatic ring constituting the divalent non-aromatic ring group represented by R x2 may have a monocyclic structure or a polycyclic structure.
  • the non-aromatic ring constituting the divalent non-aromatic ring group includes, for example, an aliphatic ring and a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring. Aliphatic rings are preferred, cycloalkanes are more preferred, and cyclohexane is even more preferred, from the viewpoint of better orientation. That is, R x2 includes a divalent aliphatic ring group and a divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group, preferably a divalent cycloalkylene group.
  • the alicyclic ring may be either a saturated alicyclic ring or an unsaturated alicyclic ring.
  • divalent aliphatic ring groups include the following groups. * represents a binding position.
  • the heteroatom contained in the non-aromatic heterocyclic ring is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur atoms.
  • the number of heteroatoms contained in the non-aromatic heterocyclic ring is not particularly limited, and examples include 1-3.
  • Examples of divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic groups include the following groups. * represents a binding position.
  • the divalent non-aromatic ring group may have a substituent.
  • the type of substituents is not particularly limited, for example, a divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x1 , and a divalent non-substituted divalent having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group
  • the groups exemplified as the substituents other than the hydrophilic group-containing substituents that the aromatic ring group may have may be mentioned.
  • the aromatic ring constituting the divalent aromatic ring group represented by R x2 may have a monocyclic structure or a polycyclic structure.
  • Aromatic rings include, for example, aromatic hydrocarbon rings or aromatic heterocycles. Examples of aromatic hydrocarbon rings include benzene rings and naphthalene rings.
  • Aromatic heterocycles include, for example, pyridine, thiophene, pyrimidine, thiazole, furan, pyrrole, imidazole, and indole rings.
  • the divalent aromatic ring group may have a substituent.
  • the type of substituents is not particularly limited, for example, a divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x1 , and a divalent non-substituted divalent having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group
  • R x1 a divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x1
  • R x1 a divalent non-substituted divalent having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group
  • the groups exemplified as the substituents other than the hydrophilic group-containing substituents that the aromatic ring group may have may be mentioned.
  • Z x1 and Z x2 each independently represent a divalent non-aromatic ring group or a divalent aromatic ring group.
  • the definitions of the divalent non-aromatic ring group represented by Z x1 and Z x2 and the divalent aromatic ring group are the divalent non-aromatic ring group represented by R x2 described above, and It is synonymous with the definition of a divalent aromatic ring group.
  • L x1 and L x2 each independently represent -CONH-, -COO-, -O-, or -S-. Among them, -CONH- is preferable because the orientation of the specific dichroic substance is more excellent.
  • the repeating unit represented by formula (X) is preferably a repeating unit represented by formula (X4).
  • the content of the repeating unit represented by formula (X) contained in the polymer having the repeating unit represented by formula (X) is not particularly limited, it is 60 mol% with respect to all repeating units in the polymer. 80 mol % or more is more preferable. 100 mol% is mentioned as an upper limit.
  • the molecular weight of the polymer having repeating units represented by formula (X) is not particularly limited, but the number of repeating units represented by formula (X) in the polymer is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 10 to 100,000. , 100 to 10,000 are more preferred. Although the number average molecular weight of the polymer having repeating units represented by formula (X) is not particularly limited, it is preferably 5,000 to 50,000, more preferably 10,000 to 30,000.
  • the molecular weight distribution of the polymer having repeating units represented by formula (X) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.0 to 12.0, more preferably 1.0 to 7.0.
  • the number average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution in the present invention are values measured by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film may contain a plate-like compound.
  • the term “plate compound” refers to a compound having a structure in which aromatic rings (aromatic hydrocarbon rings, aromatic heterocyclic rings, etc.) spread two-dimensionally via a single bond or an appropriate linking group. It refers to a group of compounds that have the property of forming columnar associations by the association of planes in the compound in a solvent.
  • the plate-like compound exhibits lyotropic liquid crystallinity.
  • the plate-shaped compound is preferably water-soluble in terms of easy control of liquid crystal development.
  • the water-soluble plate-like compound means a plate-like compound that dissolves in water in an amount of 1% by mass or more, preferably a plate-like compound that dissolves in water in an amount of 5% by mass or more.
  • the plate-shaped compound preferably has a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of more than 300 nm.
  • the plate-shaped compound preferably has a maximum absorption peak in the wavelength range of over 300 nm.
  • the maximum absorption wavelength of the plate-like compound means the wavelength at which the absorbance takes the maximum value in the absorption spectrum of the plate-like compound (measurement range: wavelength range of 230 to 400 nm). When there are multiple maximum absorbance values in the absorption spectrum of the plate-shaped compound, the wavelength on the longest wavelength side in the measurement range is selected.
  • the plate-like compound preferably has a maximum absorption wavelength in the range of 320 to 400 nm, more preferably in the range of 330 to 360 nm.
  • the method for measuring the maximum absorption wavelength is as follows. A specific compound (0.01 to 0.05 mmol) is dissolved in pure water (1000 ml), and the absorption spectrum of the resulting solution is measured using a spectrophotometer (MPC-3100 (manufactured by Shimadzu)).
  • the plate-like compound preferably has a hydrophilic group from the viewpoint of better orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film.
  • the definition of the hydrophilic group is the same as that of the hydrophilic group that the rod-shaped compound may have.
  • the plate-shaped compound may have only one hydrophilic group, or may have a plurality of hydrophilic groups. When the plate-like compound has a plurality of hydrophilic groups, the number is preferably 2 to 4, more preferably 2.
  • the compound represented by the formula (Y) is preferable because the orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film is more excellent.
  • Formula (Y) R y2 -L y3 -L y1 -R y1 -L y2 -L y4 -R y3 R y1 represents a divalent monocyclic group or a divalent condensed polycyclic group. Examples of rings included in the divalent monocyclic group include monocyclic hydrocarbon rings and monocyclic heterocycles.
  • the monocyclic hydrocarbon ring may be a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a monocyclic non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring.
  • a monocyclic heterocycle may be a monocyclic aromatic heterocycle or a monocyclic non-aromatic heterocycle.
  • a divalent monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring group or a divalent monocyclic Cyclic aromatic heterocyclic groups are preferred.
  • the number of ring structures contained in the divalent condensed polycyclic group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 to 10, and 3 to 6 is more preferred, and 3 to 4 are even more preferred.
  • rings included in the divalent condensed polycyclic group include hydrocarbon rings and heterocyclic rings.
  • the hydrocarbon ring may be either an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring.
  • a heterocycle may be an aromatic heterocycle or a non-aromatic heterocycle.
  • the divalent condensed polycyclic group is preferably composed of an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and a heterocyclic ring in terms of better orientation of the dichroic substance.
  • the divalent condensed polycyclic group is preferably a conjugated linking group. That is, it is preferably a conjugated divalent condensed polycyclic group.
  • Examples of the ring constituting the divalent condensed polycyclic group include dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide (the ring represented by the formula (Y2)), dinaphtho[2,3-b:2′,3′- d]furan (ring represented by formula (Y3)), 12H-benzo "b” phenoxazine (ring represented by formula (Y4)), dibenzo[b,i]oxantrene (ring represented by formula (Y5) ring), benzo[b]naphtho[2′,3′:5,6]dioxino[2,3-i]oxantrene (ring represented by formula (Y6)), acenaphtho[1,2-b]benzo [g]quinoxaline (ring represented by formula (Y7)), 9H-acenaphtho[1,2-b]imidazo[4,5-g]quinoxaline (ring represented by formula (Y8)), dibenzo[b ,def]chryserin-7
  • a divalent monocyclic group and a divalent condensed polycyclic group may have a substituent.
  • the type of substituents is not particularly limited, for example, a divalent aromatic ring group having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group represented by R x1 , and a divalent non-substituted divalent having a substituent containing a hydrophilic group
  • the groups exemplified as the substituents other than the substituent containing the hydrophilic group possessed by the aromatic ring group can be mentioned.
  • R y2 and R y3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrophilic group, and at least one of R y2 and R y3 represents a hydrophilic group. Both R y2 and R y3 preferably represent hydrophilic groups.
  • the definitions of the hydrophilic groups represented by R y2 and R y3 are as described above.
  • L y1 and L y2 each independently represent a single bond, a divalent aromatic ring group, or a group represented by formula (Y1). However, when R y1 is a divalent monocyclic group, both L y1 and L y2 represent a divalent aromatic ring group or a group represented by formula (Y1). In formula (Y1), * represents a bonding position. Formula (Y1) *-R y4 -(R y5 ) n -* R y4 and R y5 each independently represent a divalent aromatic ring group. n represents 1 or 2;
  • the aromatic rings that constitute the bivalent aromatic ring groups represented by Ly1 and Ly2 may have a monocyclic structure or a polycyclic structure.
  • Examples of the aromatic ring constituting the divalent aromatic ring group include an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring. That is, the divalent aromatic ring groups represented by Ly1 and Ly2 include divalent aromatic hydrocarbon ring groups and divalent aromatic heterocyclic groups.
  • Examples of aromatic hydrocarbon rings include benzene rings and naphthalene rings.
  • divalent aromatic hydrocarbon ring groups include the following groups. * represents a binding position.
  • Aromatic heterocycles include, for example, pyridine, thiophene, pyrimidine, thiazole, furan, pyrrole, imidazole, and indole rings.
  • Examples of divalent aromatic heterocyclic groups include the following groups. * represents a binding position.
  • the definition of the bivalent aromatic ring groups represented by R y4 and R y5 is the same as that of the bivalent aromatic ring groups represented by Ly1 and Ly2 .
  • L y3 and L y4 each independently represent a single bond, —O—, —S—, an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, an alkynylene group, or a group combining these.
  • groups in which these are combined include —O-alkylene groups and —S-alkylene groups.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group is not particularly limited, it is preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1, from the viewpoint of better orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the alkenylene group and the alkynylene group is not particularly limited, it is preferably 2 to 5, more preferably 2 to 4, in terms of better orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light absorption anisotropic film. .
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film may contain salt.
  • the plate-like compound has an acid group or a salt thereof, the presence of the salt in the light-absorbing anisotropic film makes it easier for the planes in the plate-like compound to associate with each other, forming columnar associations.
  • the salt does not include the rod-like compound and plate-like compound. That is, the salt is a compound different from the rod-like compound and plate-like compound.
  • the salt is not particularly limited, and may be an inorganic salt or an organic salt.
  • Inorganic salts are preferred from the viewpoint that the orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light absorption anisotropic film is more excellent.
  • Inorganic salts include, for example, alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, and transition metal salts, and alkali metal salts are preferred in that the orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light absorption anisotropic film is more excellent.
  • Salt is preferred.
  • An alkali metal salt is a salt whose cation is an alkali metal ion, and the alkali metal ion is preferably a lithium ion or a sodium ion, more preferably a lithium ion.
  • the salt is preferably lithium salt or sodium salt, more preferably lithium salt.
  • Alkali metal salts include, for example, alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide; alkali metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and potassium carbonate; alkali metal bicarbonates such as lithium, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium bicarbonate;
  • alkali metal salts may be, for example, phosphates and chlorides.
  • Anions of the above salts include, for example, hydroxide ion, carbonate ion, chloride ion, sulfate ion, nitrate ion, phosphate ion, borate ion, tetrafluoroborate ion, hexafluorophosphate ion, and perchlorate ion.
  • toluenesulfonate oxalate, formate, trifluoroacetate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, hexafluorophosphate, bis(fluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide, and bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide ion.
  • the cation in the salt of the acid group and the cation in the salt used above are preferably of the same type.
  • the light absorption anisotropic film has a maximum absorption wavelength (hereinafter also simply referred to as “specific maximum absorption wavelength”) in the wavelength range of 700 to 1600 nm. Since the light-absorbing anisotropic film has a maximum absorption wavelength in the above range, it can absorb near-infrared rays in the wavelength range of 700 to 1600 nm. As a result, it can be used as a light absorption anisotropic film having absorption in the near-infrared region.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention is preferably a film having different absorbances depending on the direction with respect to light with a wavelength of any of 700 to 1600 nm.
  • the light absorption anisotropic film preferably has a first maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 700 nm or more and less than 900 nm, and a second maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 900 to 1600 nm.
  • the absorption characteristics of the light absorption anisotropic film as described above can be achieved by using a specific dichroic substance having a maximum absorption wavelength in the above wavelength range.
  • the specific dichroic substance may have various orientation states.
  • the alignment state includes, for example, homogeneous alignment and homeotropic alignment. More specifically, the orientation states include, for example, nematic orientation (a state in which a nematic phase is formed), smectic orientation (a state in which a smectic phase is formed), twisted orientation, and cholesteric orientation (a state in which a cholesteric phase is formed). ), and hybrid orientations.
  • a method of achieving the alignment state of the specific dichroic substance as described above includes a method of using a liquid crystal compound (for example, the non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound described above).
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram when a rod-like compound is used.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example in which the light-absorbing anisotropic film contains a rod-shaped compound 10, and the molecular axis of the rod-shaped compound 10 is arranged along the x-axis direction.
  • a method for achieving the arrangement state of the rod-shaped compound 10 as described above it can be achieved by applying a composition containing the rod-shaped compound 10 and applying shear along the x-axis direction.
  • the specific dichroic substance can form a J-aggregate
  • the direction of the main surface of the specific dichroic substance 12 is arranged along the x-axis direction. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the orientation direction of the specific dichroic substance can be adjusted by orienting the rod-like compound.
  • the specific dichroic substance forms the J-aggregate is described as an example, but in the light absorption anisotropic film of the present invention, the specific dichroic substance forms the J-aggregate. It doesn't have to be.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film preferably has an absorption axis at a specific maximum absorption wavelength in the in-plane direction.
  • the specific dichroic substance having absorption at the specific maximum absorption wavelength is homogeneously oriented in the light absorption anisotropic film (the long axis direction of the specific dichroic substance is the light absorption anisotropic film surface horizontally and in the same orientation with respect to ).
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film preferably has an absorption axis at a specific maximum absorption wavelength along the thickness direction.
  • the specific dichroic substance having absorption at the specific maximum absorption wavelength is homeotropically oriented in the light absorption anisotropic film (the long axis direction of the specific dichroic substance is the light absorption anisotropic film aligned perpendicular to the surface).
  • the degree of orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.60 or more, more preferably 0.80 or more, in terms of better absorption characteristics of the light-absorbing anisotropic film. It is preferably 0.90 or more, and more preferably 0.90 or more. Although the upper limit is not particularly limited, 1.00 can be mentioned.
  • the degree of orientation is the degree of orientation measured by the maximum absorption wavelength of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film. When the specific dichroic substance forms a J-aggregate in the light-absorbing anisotropic film, the degree of orientation is measured using the maximum absorption wavelength derived from the J-aggregate.
  • the degree of orientation is calculated by the following method.
  • the absorbance of the light absorption anisotropic film is measured using an ultraviolet-visible near-infrared spectrophotometer V-660 equipped with an automatic absolute reflectance measurement unit ARMN-735 manufactured by JASCO Corporation (JASCO), and the following formula is used. It is a calculated value.
  • the degree of orientation is calculated by the following method. Using AxoScan OPMF-1 (manufactured by Optoscience), the transmittance of the light-absorbing anisotropic film in P-polarized light at the maximum absorption wavelength of the specific dichroic substance is measured.
  • the specific dichroic substance at all azimuthal angles at each polar angle Measure the transmittance at the maximum absorption wavelength of Next, after removing the effect of surface reflection, the transmittance at the azimuth angle and polar angle with the highest transmittance is Tm(0). Furthermore, let Tm(40) be the transmittance at an angle in which the polar angle is tilted by 40°. The absorbance is calculated from the obtained Tm(0) and Tm(40) by the following formula, and A(0) and A(40) are calculated.
  • A -log(Tm)
  • Tm transmittance
  • A absorbance
  • the film thickness of the light-absorbing anisotropic film is 10 ⁇ m or less, preferably 8 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, from the viewpoint of better bendability.
  • the lower limit is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more, from the viewpoint of handleability.
  • the film thickness of the light-absorbing anisotropic film is measured by using an ultra-high-resolution non-contact director and surface shape measurement system BW-A501 manufactured by Nikon Corporation for arbitrary 10 points of the light-absorbing anisotropic film. It is an average value obtained by arithmetically averaging the obtained values.
  • Step 1 A composition containing a dichroic substance having a hydrophilic group and a solvent is subjected to pulverization
  • Step 2 The composition obtained in Step 1 is applied, and Step of Orienting the Dichroic Substance to Form a Light-Absorbing Anisotropic Film The procedures of Steps 1 and 2 will be described in detail below.
  • Step 1 is a step of pulverizing a composition containing a dichroic substance (specific dichroic substance) having a hydrophilic group and a solvent (hereinafter also simply referred to as "specific composition"). be.
  • a dichroic substance specifically dichroic substance having a hydrophilic group and a solvent
  • the dispersibility of the specific dichroic substance in the specific composition is improved, and as a result, a light absorption anisotropic film with excellent orientation of the specific dichroic substance can be obtained.
  • the specific composition contains particles composed of a specific dichroic substance, the average particle diameter of the particles is smaller, and an excellent light absorption anisotropic film is obtained due to the orientation of the specific dichroic substance. be done.
  • the specific compositions used are first detailed below, followed by the process procedures.
  • a specific composition contains a specific dichroic material.
  • the specific dichroic substance is as described above. In many cases, the specific dichroic substance is dispersed in the form of particles in the specific composition. In other words, the specific composition often contains particles composed of the specific dichroic substance.
  • the specific composition may contain only one type of specific dichroic substance, or may contain two or more types.
  • the content of the specific dichroic substance in the specific composition is not particularly limited, but 1 to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of components excluding the solvent in the composition (corresponding to the total solid content in the composition) is preferred, and 3 to 15% by mass is more preferred.
  • compositions contain a solvent.
  • a solvent is water or a mixture of water and a water-soluble organic solvent.
  • a water-soluble organic solvent is a solvent having a solubility in water of 5% by mass or more at 20°C. Examples of water-soluble organic solvents include alcohol compounds, ketone compounds, ether compounds, amide compounds, nitrile compounds, and sulfone compounds.
  • Alcohol compounds include ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, t-butanol, isobutanol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, diacetone alcohol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerin.
  • Ketone compounds include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone.
  • Ether compounds include dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and polyoxypropylene glyceryl ether.
  • Amide compounds include dimethylformamide and diethylformamide.
  • Nitrile compounds include acetonitrile.
  • Sulfone compounds include dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylsulfone, and sulfolane.
  • the solid content concentration of the specific composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably from 3 to 30% by mass, based on the total mass of the composition in terms of better orientation of the dichroic substance. .
  • the specific composition may contain components other than the specific dichroic substance and solvent described above.
  • Other components include a non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound, a salt, a polymerizable compound, a polymerization initiator, a wavelength dispersion control agent, an optical property control agent, a surfactant, an adhesion improver, a slip agent, an alignment control agent, and , UV absorbers.
  • the specific composition may contain a non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound, as described above.
  • the description of the non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound is as described above.
  • the content of the non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound in the specific composition is not particularly limited, but the total solid content in the composition is 60 to 99 % by mass is preferable, and 80 to 97% by mass is more preferable.
  • the total solid content means components capable of forming a light absorption anisotropic film, excluding solvent. In addition, even if the property of the said component is liquid, it is calculated as solid content.
  • the content of the rod-shaped compound with respect to the total mass of the rod-shaped compound and the plate-shaped compound is not particularly limited, but the specific dichroism in the light absorption anisotropic film More than 50% by mass is preferable, and 55% by mass or more is more preferable, because the orientation of the substance is more excellent.
  • the upper limit is not particularly limited, it is preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably 80% by mass.
  • the specific composition may contain only one rod-shaped compound, or may contain two or more rod-shaped compounds.
  • the specific composition may contain only one type of plate-like compound, or may contain two or more types of plate-like compound.
  • compositions may contain salts, as described above.
  • a description of the salt is given above.
  • the content of the salt is not particularly limited, but the ratio W obtained by the formula (W) is preferably 0.25 to 1.75, 0.50 to 1.50 is more preferred, and 0.75 to 1.15 is even more preferred.
  • C1 represents the molar amount of cation contained in the acid group salt of the rod-shaped compound.
  • C1 is set to 0 when the rod-like compound does not have a salt of an acid group.
  • C2 represents the molar amount of cations contained in the acid group salt of the plate-like compound.
  • C2 is set to 0 when the plate-like compound does not have a salt of an acid group.
  • C3 represents the molar amount of cation contained in the salt.
  • A1 represents the total molar amount of acid groups or salts thereof possessed by the rod-like compound.
  • the above total molar amount represents the sum of the molar amount of the acid group and the molar amount of the salt of the acid group. If the rod-shaped compound has only one of the acid group and the salt of the acid group, the molar amount of the other that is not included is set to zero.
  • A2 represents the total molar amount of acid groups or salts thereof possessed by the plate-like compound.
  • the above total molar amount represents the sum of the molar amount of the acid group and the molar amount of the salt of the acid group.
  • the plate-like compound has only one of an acid group and a salt of an acid group, the molar amount of the other that is not included is set to zero.
  • the molar amount of the SO 3 Li group possessed by the rod-shaped compound is 5 mmol
  • the plate-shaped compound is 8 mmol of the SO 3 Li group and 8 mmol of LiOH
  • the molar amount of the cation contained in the salt of the acid group of the rod-like compound is 5 mmol
  • the molar amount of the acid group of the plate-like compound is 5 mmol.
  • the molar amount of cations contained in the salt is calculated as 8 mmol
  • the molar amount of cations contained in LiOH is calculated as 8 mmol
  • the above ratio W represents the amount of excess salt-derived cations in the composition relative to the acid groups or salts thereof possessed by the plate-like compound.
  • the ratio W represents the ratio of excess cations not forming a salt with the acid groups of the rod-like compounds and plate-like compounds in the composition to the acid groups or salts thereof of the plate-like compounds.
  • the mass ratio of the salt content to the plate-like compound content in the specific composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.010 to 0.200, and 0.025 to 0. .150 is more preferred.
  • the specific composition is preferably a lyotropic liquid crystalline composition.
  • the lyotropic liquid crystalline composition is a composition that has the property of undergoing a phase transition between an isotropic phase and a liquid crystal phase by changing the temperature and concentration in a solution state. That is, the specific composition is a composition that can exhibit lyotropic liquid crystallinity by adjusting the concentration of each compound in a solution state containing various components such as a specific dichroic substance and a solvent.
  • the specific composition contains an excess solvent and does not exhibit lyotropic liquid crystallinity in that state
  • the concentration changes such as when the specific composition exhibits lyotropic liquid crystallinity in the drying process after coating
  • the lyotropic liquid crystallinity the specific composition corresponds to the lyotropic liquid crystalline composition.
  • an alignment film is arranged on the support, the compound exhibits lyotropic liquid crystallinity in the drying process after coating of the specific composition, thereby inducing alignment of the compound and causing a difference in light absorption. It becomes possible to form an anisotropic film.
  • step 1 the specific composition is subjected to pulverization treatment.
  • pulverization treatment a known pulverization treatment can be used. Examples of pulverization methods include methods of imparting mechanical energy such as compression, squeezing, impact, shear, friction, and cavitation.
  • the pulverization treatment may be wet pulverization treatment or dry pulverization treatment.
  • Pulverization treatment specifically includes treatment using a bead mill, sand mill, roll mill, ball mill, paint shaker, microfluidizer, impeller mill, sand grinder, flow jet mixer, ultrasonic treatment, and the like.
  • the pulverization treatment mechanical milling treatment or ultrasonic treatment is preferable, and mechanical milling treatment is more preferable, because the orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film is more excellent.
  • the mechanical milling treatment is not particularly limited as long as it is a method of milling while applying mechanical energy, and examples thereof include treatments using a ball mill, vibration mill, turbo mill, mechanofusion, and disk mill.
  • the particles are pulverized by carrying out the pulverization treatment to obtain smaller particles (miniaturized particles).
  • the conditions for the pulverization treatment are not particularly limited, but optimal conditions are appropriately selected depending on the types of the specific dichroic substance and solvent used.
  • the material of the grinding balls (media) used in the ball milling is not particularly limited, but examples include agate, silicon nitride, zirconia, Alumina and iron-based alloys can be mentioned, and zirconia is preferable because the orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film is more excellent.
  • the average particle diameter of the grinding balls is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.1 to 10 mm, more preferably 1 to 5 mm, from the viewpoint of better orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film. The average particle size is obtained by measuring the diameters of 50 grinding balls and averaging them.
  • the major axis is taken as the diameter.
  • the number of revolutions during ball milling is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 to 700 rpm, more preferably 250 to 550 rpm, from the viewpoint of better orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film.
  • the treatment time of the ball mill is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 240 minutes, more preferably 20 to 180 minutes, from the viewpoint of better orientation of the specific dichroic substance in the light-absorbing anisotropic film.
  • the atmosphere for ball milling may be the air or an inert gas (eg, argon, helium, and nitrogen) atmosphere.
  • the average particle size of particles composed of the specific dichroic substance contained in the specific composition is reduced to 1/30 to 1/2 times by the pulverization treatment.
  • the specific composition after the pulverization treatment may contain particles composed of the specific dichroic substance, and the average particle size of the particles is not particularly limited, but the degree of orientation of the dichroic substance is higher. 10 to 1000 nm is preferable, 10 to 500 nm is more preferable, and 10 to 200 nm is even more preferable in terms of being excellent.
  • the average particle size of the particles is the volume average particle size (MV) determined by the dynamic light scattering method using Nanotrac UPA-EX manufactured by MicrotracBEL.
  • the specific composition to be subjected to the pulverization treatment may contain other components such as a non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound other than the specific dichroic substance and solvent, but does not contain good too.
  • the specific composition to be subjected to the pulverization treatment does not contain the other component (e.g., non-colored lyotropic liquid crystal compound)
  • the specific composition obtained after the pulverization treatment contains the other component (e.g., , a non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound) may be further mixed, and step 2 described later may be carried out.
  • Step 2 the composition (specific composition) obtained in step 1 is applied, the dichroic substance (specific dichroic substance) in the applied composition is oriented, and light absorption anisotropy is obtained. This is the process of forming a film. By carrying out this step, the light absorption anisotropic film of the present invention having light absorption anisotropy is produced.
  • the method of applying the specific composition obtained in step 1 is not particularly limited, and the specific composition is usually applied onto a support in many cases.
  • the support used is a member that functions as a substrate for applying the composition.
  • the support may be a so-called temporary support.
  • Examples of the support (temporary support) include a plastic substrate and a glass substrate.
  • Materials constituting the plastic substrate include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate resins, (meth)acrylic resins, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, polyamide resins, polyolefin resins, cellulose resins, silicone resins, and polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the thickness of the support may be about 5 to 1000 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 250 ⁇ m, more preferably 15 to 90 ⁇ m.
  • An alignment film may be arranged on the support, if necessary.
  • An alignment film is generally composed mainly of a polymer. Polymers for alignment films are described in many documents, and many commercial products are available. Polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide, derivatives thereof, azo derivatives, and cinnamoyl derivatives are preferable as the polymer for the alignment film. Note that the alignment film is preferably subjected to a known rubbing treatment. Moreover, you may use a photo-alignment film as an alignment film. The thickness of the alignment film is preferably 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.01 to 1 ⁇ m.
  • coating methods include known methods such as curtain coating, extrusion coating, roll coating, dip coating, spin coating, print coating, spray coating, and slide coating.
  • a coating method such as wire bar coating that imparts shear to the composition
  • two treatments of coating and orientation of the compound can be performed at the same time. That is, the specific dichroic substance can be oriented by subjecting the composition to a shearing treatment.
  • the specific composition contains a non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound
  • the non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound may be continuously orientated at the same time as the application by continuous coating. Continuous coating includes curtain coating, extrusion coating, roll coating, and slide coating.
  • a method for orienting the specific dichroic substance in the applied composition is not particularly limited, and a known method is employed.
  • a method of imparting shear as described above can be used.
  • Another means of orienting the specific dichroic substance in the applied composition is the method of using an orientation film, as described above.
  • the alignment direction can be controlled by subjecting the alignment film to alignment treatment in advance in a predetermined direction.
  • the method of using an alignment film is preferable in the case of aligning in a direction oblique to the conveying direction.
  • the concentration of the solvent in the specific composition used is not particularly limited, and the concentration of the solvent may be such that the composition exhibits lyotropic liquid crystallinity, or the concentration may be lower than that.
  • the specific composition when the specific composition is a lyotropic liquid crystalline composition, even when the concentration of the solvent in the specific composition is high (when the specific composition itself exhibits an isotropic phase), the specific In the drying process after application of the composition, lyotropic liquid crystallinity is exhibited, which induces alignment of the dichroic substance on the alignment film, making it possible to form a light absorption anisotropic film.
  • the method for producing a light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention may include steps other than steps 1 and 2 above.
  • steps 1 and 2 when the specific composition contains a non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound, it is preferable to further include a step 3 of immobilizing the non-coloring lyotropic liquid crystal compound after step 2.
  • a method for fixing the alignment state of the non-colored lyotropic liquid crystal compound is not particularly limited, and a method of heating the coating film as described above and then cooling it can be mentioned. Further, when at least one of the rod-shaped compound, the plate-shaped compound, and the specific dichroic substance has an acid group or a salt thereof, the method for fixing the alignment state of the lyotropic liquid crystal compound includes a solution containing polyvalent metal ions. A method of contacting the formed light-absorbing anisotropic film may be mentioned. When the solution containing polyvalent metal ions is brought into contact with the formed light-absorbing anisotropic film, the light-absorbing anisotropic film is supplied with polyvalent metal ions.
  • the polyvalent metal ions supplied into the light-absorbing anisotropic film become cross-linking points between the acid groups or salts thereof possessed by the rod-like compound, the plate-like compound, and/or the specific dichroic substance, A crosslinked structure is formed in the liquid film, and the alignment state of the lyotropic liquid crystal compound is fixed.
  • the type of polyvalent metal ions used is not particularly limited, and alkaline earth metal ions are preferred in that the orientation state of the non-colored lyotropic liquid crystal compound and/or the specific dichroic substance is easily fixed, and calcium ions are preferred. is more preferred.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention can be applied to various uses.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention can be used as a polarizer.
  • it can be used as a near-infrared polarizer capable of absorbing any light with a wavelength of 700 to 1600 nm.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention may be used in combination with other members.
  • a protective film may be placed on one side or both sides of the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention.
  • Protective films include triacetylcellulose films, acrylic films, polycarbonate films, and cycloolefin films.
  • the protective film a film that is transparent, has little birefringence, and hardly generates a retardation is preferable.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention may be combined with other layers such as a hard coat layer, an anti-glare layer and an anti-reflection layer. These other layers may be placed via an adhesive or adhesive.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention can also be used by bonding it to an inorganic substrate such as a prism or glass, or a plastic plate.
  • an inorganic substrate such as a prism or glass, or a plastic plate.
  • the inorganic substrate and the plastic substrate have curved surfaces, it is possible to form curved surfaces by laminating the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention in accordance with the curved surfaces.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention may be combined with various functional layers for improving viewing angles, various functional layers for improving contrast, and layers having brightness improving properties.
  • various functional layers include a layer that controls phase difference.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention combined with such various functional layers can be applied to various display devices such as liquid crystal display devices.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention can be used for liquid crystal projectors, calculators, clocks, notebook computers, word processors, liquid crystal televisions, polarized lenses, polarized glasses, car navigation systems, sensors, lenses, switching elements, isolators, cameras. , and can be applied to indoor and outdoor measuring instruments and display devices such as vehicles.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention is suitably applied to display devices, cameras (particularly polarization multispectral cameras), and sensors.
  • the present invention also relates to a display device containing the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention, a camera containing the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention, and a sensor containing the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention.
  • the light-absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention may be combined with an infrared light source.
  • the present invention also relates to a device comprising the light absorbing anisotropic film of the present invention and an infrared light source. Examples of such devices include distance measuring devices such as LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging).
  • Plate compound I-1 had a maximum absorption wavelength at 345 nm.
  • Rod-shaped compound II-1 had a maximum absorption wavelength at 260 nm.
  • the rod-shaped compound II-2 had a maximum absorption wavelength at 290 nm.
  • Dichroic dye III-1 had a maximum absorption wavelength at 625 nm in dimethylsulfoxide.
  • Dichroic dye III-2 had a maximum absorption wavelength at 840 nm in water.
  • Dichroic dye III-3 had a maximum absorption wavelength at 816 nm in water.
  • Dichroic dye III-4 had a maximum absorption wavelength at 824 nm in water.
  • Dichroic dye III-5 had a maximum absorption wavelength at 768 nm in methanol.
  • Dichroic dye III-6 had a maximum absorption wavelength at 783 nm in methanol.
  • composition 1 having the following composition was prepared.
  • Composition 1 was a composition exhibiting lyotropic liquid crystallinity.
  • Composition 1 ⁇ Dichroic dye III-2 5 parts by mass Water 95 parts by mass ⁇
  • composition 1 (5 g) prepared above and zirconia beads (20 g) having an average particle size of 2 mm were filled in a zirconia 45 mL container, and a planetary ball mill P-7 classic line manufactured by FRISCH was used at a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 50 minutes. A minute milling process was performed. Composition 1 milled as described above was applied onto a glass substrate as a base material with a wire bar (moving speed: 100 cm/s) and air-dried.
  • the resulting composition layer was immersed in a 1 mol/L aqueous solution of calcium chloride for 5 seconds, washed with ion-exchanged water, and dried by air blowing to fix the orientation state, thereby obtaining a light absorption layer having a thickness of 200 nm.
  • An anisotropic film 1 was produced. The film thickness was measured by the method described above using the ultra-high-resolution non-contact and surface shape measurement system BW-A501 manufactured by Nikon Corporation.
  • composition 2 having the following composition was prepared.
  • Composition 2 was a composition exhibiting lyotropic liquid crystallinity.
  • Composition 2 ⁇ Plate compound I-1 10 parts by mass Dichroic dye III-2 0.5 parts by mass Water 89.5 parts by mass ⁇ ⁇
  • composition 2 (5 g) prepared above and zirconia beads (20 g) having an average particle size of 2 mm are filled in a zirconia 45 mL container, and a planetary ball mill P-7 classic line manufactured by FRISCH is used at a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 50 minutes. A milling process was performed. Composition 2 milled as described above was applied to a glass substrate as a base material with a wire bar (moving speed: 100 cm/s) and air-dried.
  • composition layer was immersed in a 1 mol/L aqueous solution of calcium chloride for 5 seconds, washed with ion-exchanged water, and blown to dry to fix the orientation state, resulting in a film thickness of 1.2 ⁇ m.
  • a light-absorbing anisotropic film 2 was produced.
  • Examples 3 to 9 Light-absorbing anisotropic films 3 to 9 having a thickness of 1.2 ⁇ m were produced in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the plate-like compound or dichroic dye was changed to the compound shown in Table 1 below. Compositions 3 to 9 prepared in Examples 3 to 9 were all compositions exhibiting lyotropic liquid crystallinity.
  • Composition 10 having the following composition was prepared.
  • Composition 10 was a composition exhibiting lyotropic liquid crystallinity.
  • Composition 10 ⁇ Rod compound II-1 10 parts by mass Dichroic dye III-1 0.5 parts by mass Dichroic dye III-2 0.5 parts by mass Water 89 parts by mass ⁇ ⁇
  • composition 10 (5 g) prepared above and zirconia beads (20 g) having an average particle size of 2 mm are filled in a zirconia 45 mL container, and a planetary ball mill P-7 classic line manufactured by FRISCH is used for 50 minutes at a rotation speed of 300 rpm. A milling process was performed. Composition 10 milled as described above was applied onto a glass substrate as a base material with a wire bar (moving speed: 100 cm/s) and air-dried.
  • composition layer was immersed in a 1 mol/L aqueous solution of calcium chloride for 5 seconds, washed with ion-exchanged water, and blown to dry to fix the orientation state, resulting in a film thickness of 1.2 ⁇ m.
  • a light-absorbing anisotropic film 10 was produced.
  • the particle size measurement is performed using Nanotrac UPA-EX manufactured by MicrotracBEL.
  • the average particle size of the dichroic dye particles in the composition after the ball milling dispersion treatment was all 10 to 200 nm.
  • the average particle diameter of the dichroic substance particles was reduced to about 0.1 times by the ball milling dispersion treatment.
  • Examples 11 to 13 Light-absorbing anisotropic films 11 to 13 with a thickness of 1.2 ⁇ m were produced according to the same procedure as in Examples 4 to 6, except that the ball milling dispersion treatment was not performed.
  • the average particle size of the dichroic dye particles in the compositions used to form the light absorption anisotropic films of Examples 11 to 13 was all over 500 nm.
  • Example 14 A light-absorbing anisotropic film 14 with a thickness of 1.2 ⁇ m was produced according to the same procedure as in Example 4, except that the immobilization treatment using calcium chloride was not performed.
  • composition C1 having the following composition was prepared.
  • Composition C1 Cyanine dye C1 0.15 parts by mass Vylon UR8200 (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) 100 parts by mass ⁇ ⁇
  • the composition C1 was applied to a film thickness of 250 ⁇ m and then dried to obtain an organic film having a film thickness of 75 ⁇ m. Next, the obtained organic film was stretched 3 times at 80° C. to produce a light absorption anisotropic film C1 with a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
  • the degree of orientation, degree of polarization, and transmittance were measured using an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer V-660 equipped with an automatic absolute reflectance measurement unit ARMN-735 manufactured by JASCO Corporation (JASCO).
  • the absorbance and transmittance of the tropic film were measured, and the degree of orientation, degree of polarization and transmittance were calculated by the following equations.
  • the results are summarized in Table 1.
  • the polarized light used in the following measurements has the maximum absorption wavelength of each film in the wavelength range of 700 to 1600 nm. This maximum absorption wavelength also corresponds to the maximum absorption wavelength of the J-aggregate composed of dichroic substances in each light-absorbing anisotropic film.
  • Transmittance [Ty0 + Tz0]/2
  • Tz0 transmittance for polarized light in the direction of the absorption axis of the anisotropic light absorption film
  • Ty0 transmittance for polarized light in the direction of the transmission axis of the anisotropic light absorption film
  • cellulose acylate film (hereinafter also simply referred to as "TAC film") produced by [Preparation of cellulose acylate film] described below instead of a glass substrate as a substrate, the same procedure as in Example 1 was followed. , a laminate L1 including a TAC film and a light-absorbing anisotropic film was manufactured.
  • TAC film cellulose acylate film
  • the surface of the laminate L1 on the side of the light absorption anisotropic film and a separately prepared TAC film are laminated using a commercially available adhesive (SK-2057 manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd.), and the light absorption anisotropy
  • the TAC film in contact with the surface opposite to the adhesive side of the film is peeled off, and the light absorption anisotropic film 1, the adhesive layer, and the TAC film are measured in this order. 150 mm in length).
  • measurement samples 2 to 14 were prepared by following the same procedure as above, in which the light absorbing anisotropic films 2 to 14 were arranged instead of the light absorbing anisotropic film 1, respectively.
  • the light absorption anisotropic film C1 and the TAC film are laminated using a commercially available adhesive (SK-2057 manufactured by Soken Kagaku), and the light absorption anisotropic film C1, the adhesive layer, and the TAC.
  • SK-2057 manufactured by Soken Kagaku
  • a measurement sample C1 having a film in this order was obtained.
  • the measurement sample was allowed to stand at a temperature of 25° C. and a relative humidity of 60% for 1 hour or more.
  • a 180° folding endurance tester Model IMC-0755, manufactured by Imoto Seisakusho Co., Ltd.
  • the TAC film was placed outside to test repeated folding endurance.
  • the measurement sample was bent along the curved surface of a bar (cylinder) with a diameter of 2 mm at a bending angle of 180° at the center in the longitudinal direction, and then returned to its original position (spreading the sample film). This test is performed repeatedly.
  • A is when the maximum number of times that cracks do not occur in the light-absorbing anisotropic film exceeds 400,000 times, and more than 100,000 times and 400,000 times or less.
  • B is described as C
  • C the case of more than 1 time and 100,000 times or less.
  • the presence or absence of crack generation was evaluated with an optical microscope. Table 1 shows the results. Practically, A or B is preferable, and A is more preferable.
  • a cellulose acylate film was produced as follows.
  • ⁇ Core Layer Cellulose Acylate Dope 100 parts by weight of cellulose acetate having a degree of acetyl substitution of 2.88 - 12 parts by weight of the polyester compound B described in the example of JP-A-2015-227955 - 2 parts by weight of the following compound F - Methylene chloride (first solvent) 430 Parts by mass Methanol (second solvent) 64 parts by mass ⁇
  • Matting agent solution ⁇ Silica particles with an average particle diameter of 20 nm (AEROSIL R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) 2 parts by mass ⁇ Methylene chloride (first solvent) 76 parts by mass ⁇ Methanol (second solvent) 11 parts by mass Rate dope 1 part by mass ⁇
  • AEROSIL R972 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.
  • the core layer cellulose acylate dope and the outer layer cellulose acylate dope were filtered through a filter paper having an average pore size of 34 ⁇ m and a sintered metal filter having an average pore size of 10 ⁇ m
  • the core layer cellulose acylate dope and the outer layer cellulose acylate dope were formed on both sides thereof.
  • 3 layers were simultaneously cast on a drum at 20° C. from a casting port (band casting machine).
  • the film was peeled off when the solvent content in the film was about 20% by mass, and both ends in the width direction of the film were fixed with tenter clips.
  • the film was further dried by transporting it between rolls of a heat treatment apparatus to prepare an optical film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m, which was used as a cellulose acylate film.
  • the in-plane retardation of the obtained cellulose acylate film was 0 nm.
  • wet heat durability test condition As the wet heat durability test condition, a test was conducted in which the sample was left for 500 hours in an environment of 85° C. relative humidity of 85%. The degree of polarization of the light-absorbing anisotropic film before the test and the degree of polarization of the light-absorbing anisotropic film after the test were measured, and wet heat durability was evaluated according to the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
  • A The amount of change in the degree of polarization after the test relative to the degree of polarization before the test is less than 20%
  • B The amount of change in the degree of polarization after the test relative to the degree of polarization before the test is 20% or more and less than 60%
  • C The degree of polarization before the test The amount of change in the degree of polarization after the test for is 60% or more
  • maximum absorption wavelength (nm) in the “dichroic substance” column represents the maximum absorption wavelength (nm) of the dichroic substance, and “maximum absorption wavelength (nm)” in the “light absorption anisotropic film” column. nm)” represents the maximum absorption wavelength (nm) in the wavelength range of 700 to 1600 nm of the light absorption anisotropic film.
  • the "pulverization treatment” column indicates whether pulverization treatment was performed, “yes” indicates that pulverization treatment was performed, and “no” indicates that pulverization treatment was not performed.
  • the "immobilization treatment” column indicates whether or not the immobilization treatment was performed, “yes” indicates the case where the immobilization treatment was performed, and “no” indicates the case where the immobilization treatment was not performed. show.
  • the "degree of orientation” column represents the degree of orientation of the dichroic substance, which was measured by the method described above.

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