WO2022208876A1 - 車両 - Google Patents
車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022208876A1 WO2022208876A1 PCT/JP2021/014362 JP2021014362W WO2022208876A1 WO 2022208876 A1 WO2022208876 A1 WO 2022208876A1 JP 2021014362 W JP2021014362 W JP 2021014362W WO 2022208876 A1 WO2022208876 A1 WO 2022208876A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- seat
- road surface
- wheel
- pivot
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 45
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 20
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
- B62K5/02—Tricycles
- B62K5/023—Tricycles specially adapted for disabled riders, e.g. personal mobility type vehicles with three wheels
- B62K5/025—Tricycles specially adapted for disabled riders, e.g. personal mobility type vehicles with three wheels power-driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/1078—Parts, details or accessories with shock absorbers or other suspension arrangements between wheels and frame
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/04—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
- B62K5/10—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels with means for inwardly inclining the vehicle body on bends
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/04—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven
- A61G5/041—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven having a specific drive-type
- A61G5/045—Rear wheel drive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
- B62J1/00—Saddles or other seats for cycles; Arrangement thereof; Component parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
- B62K2005/001—Suspension details for cycles with three or more main road wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K25/00—Axle suspensions
- B62K25/04—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
- B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
- B62K5/08—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels with steering devices acting on two or more wheels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to vehicles.
- a handle-type electric wheelchair is known as one of the vehicles on which people ride (for example, Patent Document 1).
- a handle-type electric wheelchair may also be referred to as an electric cart.
- handle-type electric wheelchairs are used for traveling on relatively flat paved roads. For example, a user can travel between his/her home and a store for shopping by riding a handle-type electric wheelchair.
- a vehicle has at least three wheels including a front wheel and a rear wheel, a drive source that drives the rear wheel, and a swing arm that supports the rear wheel, and a pivot is located at the rear wheel. and a seat on which an occupant sits, wherein the wheelbase of the vehicle is WB and the outer diameter of the rear wheel is Dw, WB/Dw ⁇ 2.5
- Hp is the height from the road surface to the pivot, and the upper end of the front part of the seat and the rear wheel
- WB/Dw 2.5 In a vehicle with a short wheelbase that satisfies 3.0 ⁇ Hs/Hp meet.
- the moment acting on the pivot during acceleration and deceleration can be adjusted to an appropriate size, and pitching can be suppressed.
- a vehicle has at least three wheels including a front wheel and a rear wheel, a drive source that drives the rear wheel, and a swing arm that supports the rear wheel, and a pivot is located at the rear wheel. and a seat on which an occupant sits, wherein the wheelbase of the vehicle is WB and the outer diameter of the rear wheel is Dw, WB/Dw ⁇ 2.5 Hp is the height from the road surface to the pivot, and the height from the road surface to the upper end of the front part of the seat is is Hg, 3.0 ⁇ (Hg-Hp)/Hp meet.
- WB/Dw 2.5
- a vehicle with a short wheelbase that satisfies 3.0 ⁇ (Hg-Hp)/Hp meet.
- the ratio of inertial force that suppresses the pitching caused by the reaction that the rear wheels receive from the road surface during acceleration and deceleration is increased. can be done. As a result, pitching during acceleration and deceleration can be suppressed.
- the line of action may pass through the position where the rear wheel contacts the road surface and the center of the pivot in the side view of the predetermined state.
- the vehicle comprises: 3.0 ⁇ Hs/Hp ⁇ 6.0 may be satisfied.
- the vehicle in the predetermined state, 3.0 ⁇ (Hc-Hp)/Hp ⁇ 6.0 may be satisfied.
- the vehicle in the predetermined state, 3.0 ⁇ (Hg-Hp)/Hp ⁇ 6.0 may be satisfied.
- the vehicle comprises: 1.5 ⁇ WB/Dw ⁇ 2.5 may be satisfied.
- the seat includes a seat base and a cushion provided above the seat base, and in the predetermined state, the height from the road surface to the upper end of the seat base is 500 mm or more. There may be.
- the seat position is as high as 500mm or more, the occupant can sit in the seat even if the wheelbase is short and the occupant's leg space is small.
- the height from the road surface to the upper end of the seat base may be 500 mm or more and 700 mm or less.
- the high seat position allows the occupant to sit even if the wheelbase is short and the occupant's legroom is small.
- the height of the pivot in the predetermined state, may be lower than the height of the rotation axis of the rear wheel.
- the moment that acts on the pivot during acceleration and deceleration can be set to an appropriate size, and pitching can be suppressed.
- the wheel stroke of the suspension may be 60 mm or more.
- the wheel stroke of the suspension may be 60 mm or more and 150 mm or less.
- the vehicle may be a steering wheel-type electric wheelchair having a steering wheel that is steered by the occupant.
- WB/Dw 2.5 In a vehicle with a short wheelbase that satisfies 3.0 ⁇ Hs/Hp meet.
- the moment acting on the pivot during acceleration and deceleration can be adjusted to an appropriate size, and pitching can be suppressed.
- WB/Dw 2.5 In a vehicle with a short wheelbase that satisfies 3.0 ⁇ (Hg-Hp)/Hp meet.
- the ratio of inertial force that suppresses the pitching caused by the reaction that the rear wheels receive from the road surface during acceleration and deceleration is increased. can be done. As a result, pitching during acceleration and deceleration can be suppressed.
- front, rear, up, down, left, and right mean front, rear, up, down, left, and right, respectively, when viewed from an occupant seated in a vehicle seat.
- the left-right direction of the vehicle is sometimes referred to as the vehicle width direction.
- the following embodiments are examples, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a left side view of the vehicle 1.
- FIG. 3 is a front view showing the vehicle 1.
- FIG. 1 In order to explain the structure of the vehicle 1 in an easy-to-understand manner, illustration of part of the body cover is omitted in FIGS. 2 and 3 .
- the vehicle 1 is, for example, a handle-type electric wheelchair, but the present invention is not limited thereto. An example in which the vehicle 1 is a handle-type electric wheelchair will be described below.
- the vehicle 1 includes a body frame 2 (Fig. 2).
- the vehicle body frame 2 includes an underframe 2u, a rear frame 2r, a seat frame 2s and a front frame 2f (Fig. 3).
- the underframe 2 u extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1 .
- a rear frame 2r extends upward from the rear portion of the underframe 2u, and a seat frame 2s extends rearward from an upper portion of the rear frame 2r.
- a front frame 2f extends upward from the front portion of the underframe 2u.
- a head tube 22 (Fig. 2) is provided on the upper part of the front frame 2f (Fig. 3).
- the head tube 22 rotatably supports a steering column 26 passing therethrough.
- a steering column 26 has an upper end portion provided with a handle 6 for steering by an occupant.
- the steering wheel 6 is provided with an accelerator operator 7 (FIG. 1) and a pair of left and right rearview mirrors 9 .
- the body cover 28 is provided so as to partially cover the body frame 2 .
- a front guard 29 is provided on the body cover 28 . Since the front guard 29 is arranged in front of the occupant, the occupant can feel a sense of security during traveling.
- the front suspension 40 has an upper arm 41L, a lower arm 42L, and a shock absorber 45L.
- One end of the upper arm 41L is rotatably supported by the front frame 2f via a pivot 46L.
- the other end of the upper arm 41L rotatably supports the knuckle arm 44L via a pivot 47L.
- One end of the lower arm 42L is rotatably supported by the front frame 2f via a pivot 48L.
- the other end of the lower arm 42L rotatably supports the knuckle arm 44L via a pivot 49L.
- the knuckle arm 44L rotatably supports the front wheel 4L.
- the front suspension 40 has an upper arm 41R, a lower arm 42R, and a shock absorber 45R.
- One end of the upper arm 41R is rotatably supported by the front frame 2f via a pivot 46R.
- the other end of the upper arm 41R rotatably supports the knuckle arm 44R via a pivot 47R.
- One end of the lower arm 42R is rotatably supported by the front frame 2f via a pivot 48R.
- the other end of the lower arm 42R rotatably supports the knuckle arm 44R via a pivot 49R.
- the knuckle arm 44R rotatably supports the front wheel 4R.
- Front suspension 40 rotatably supports front wheels 4L and 4R via knuckle arms 44L and 44R.
- the front wheels 4L and 4R are steering wheels.
- the front suspension 40 is sometimes called a double wishbone suspension.
- the arm shape of the double wishbone suspension is not limited to an A shape (V shape).
- double wishbone type is a general term for suspension systems in which wheels are supported by a pair of upper and lower arms.
- a suspension tower 27 is provided on the front frame 2f. An upper portion of each of the shock absorbers 45L and 45R is rotatably supported by the suspension tower 27. As shown in FIG. A lower portion of the shock absorber 45L rotatably supports the upper arm 41L. A lower portion of the shock absorber 45R rotatably supports the upper arm 41R.
- the front frame 2f extends vertically at a position near the center in the vehicle width direction.
- the frame portion to which the suspension is attached is required to have high strength because the shock received by the suspension from the road surface is transmitted.
- the suspension towers 27 are provided near the left and right ends of the vehicle body, it is necessary to ensure high strength in the frame portion extending in the left and right direction from the center in the vehicle width direction, which increases the weight of the vehicle body.
- shock absorbers 45L and 45R are attached to the upper arms 41L and 41R.
- FIG. 4A and 4B are plan views showing the outline of the steering mechanism provided in the vehicle 1.
- FIG. A pitman arm 49 is attached to the lower end of the steering column 26 .
- One end of the tie rod 43L and one end of the tie rod 43R are rotatably connected to the pitman arm 49, respectively.
- the other end of tie rod 43L is rotatably connected to knuckle arm 44L.
- the other end of the tie rod 43R is rotatably connected to the knuckle arm 44R.
- Fig. 4A shows the steering mechanism during straight running.
- the occupant rotates the steering wheel 6 (Fig. 1).
- the steering force generated by the occupant turning steering wheel 6 is transmitted to pitman arm 49 via steering column 26 .
- Pitman arm 49 rotates about steering column 26, and steering force is transmitted to front wheels 4L and 4R via tie rods 43L and 43R and knuckle arms 44L and 44R.
- the transmitted steering force changes the steering angles of the front wheels 4L and 4R, and the vehicle 1 can travel while turning left or right.
- the seat frame 2s is provided with a seat 3 on which an occupant sits.
- the seat 3 includes a seat base 31 provided on the seat frame 2 s and a cushion 32 provided on the seat base 31 .
- the seat base 31 is also called a plate material or a bottom plate.
- the seat base 31 constitutes the bottom portion of the seat 3 and has a role of securing the strength of the seat 3 as a whole. Therefore, the seat base 31 is made of a material with relatively high rigidity.
- a metal material or a synthetic resin material such as polypropylene can be used, but the material is not limited to these.
- the cushion 32 is superimposed on the surface of the seat base 31.
- the cushion 32 may be formed from a material that retains adequate elasticity over time to maintain good ride comfort.
- foamed polyurethane urethane foam
- the material is not limited to this.
- Armrests 38 are provided on both sides of the seat 3 for the occupant to put their arms on.
- the armrest 38 also serves as a side guard.
- a rear portion of the seat 3 is provided with a backrest 39 on which the occupant rests.
- the underframe 2u is provided with a footboard 8 (Fig. 1) on which the passenger puts his/her feet.
- the footboard 8 is anti-slip processed.
- the upper surface of the footboard 8 has a generally flat shape so that the passenger can easily get on and off.
- FIG. 5 is a front view showing the rear suspension 50.
- the rear suspension 50 is sometimes called a trailing arm suspension.
- the rear suspension 50 has rear arms 51L and 51R and shock absorbers 55L and 55R.
- the rear arms 51L and 51R are swing arms.
- a front portion of the rear arm 51L is rotatably supported by a left rear portion of the underframe 2u via a pivot 56L.
- a front portion of the rear arm 51R is rotatably supported by a right rear portion of the underframe 2u via a pivot 56R.
- the upper portion of the shock absorber 55L and the upper portion of the shock absorber 55R are each rotatably supported by the rear frame 2r (Fig. 2).
- a lower portion of the shock absorber 55L rotatably supports the rear arm 51L.
- a lower portion of the shock absorber 55R rotatably supports the rear arm 51R.
- An electric motor 60L is provided at the rear portion of the rear arm 51L.
- the electric motor 60L is an in-wheel motor, and the electric motor 60L is provided with the rear wheels 5L.
- the rear suspension 50 rotatably supports the rear wheel 5L via the electric motor 60L.
- An electric motor 60R is provided at the rear portion of the rear arm 51R.
- the electric motor 60R is an in-wheel motor, and the electric motor 60R is provided with the rear wheels 5R.
- the rear suspension 50 rotatably supports the rear wheel 5R via the electric motor 60R.
- the rear wheels 5L and 5R are drive wheels.
- the vehicle 1 of this embodiment employs large-sized wheels 4L, 4R, 5L, and 5R.
- the outer diameters of the front and rear wheels are, for example, 14 inches or more, but are not limited to this.
- two electric motors 60L and 60R are used to drive the rear wheels 5L and 5R independently of each other.
- a vehicle with a differential gear has a problem that when one driving wheel spins, it is difficult for the driving force to be transmitted to the other driving wheel.
- the present embodiment even if one of the rear wheels 5L and 5R spins, the other can exert a gripping force, so that the vehicle can stably continue running.
- the electric motors that drive the rear wheels 5L and 5R are not limited to in-wheel motors.
- the driving force may be transmitted from one electric motor to the rear wheels 5L and 5R.
- the vehicle 1 may be four-wheel drive.
- an in-wheel motor is also provided for each of the front wheels 4L and 4R.
- the driving force may be transmitted from one electric motor to the front wheels 4L and 4R. Further, the driving force may be transmitted from one electric motor to each of the front wheels 4L and 4R and the rear wheels 5L and 5R.
- the vehicle 1 of this embodiment includes an independent front suspension 40 and an independent rear suspension 50 . Also, two electric motors 60L and 60R are used to drive the rear wheels 5L and 5R independently of each other. As a result, it is possible to improve the ability to follow the unevenness of the road surface and stably transmit the driving force to the road surface. Also, the turning performance of the vehicle can be enhanced. According to this embodiment, it is possible to improve the running performance of the vehicle on unpaved roads and bumps.
- front suspension 40 and the rear suspension 50 are not limited to independent suspension suspensions, and may be axle suspension suspensions.
- an in-wheel motor is used as the electric motor.
- the electric motor is used as the electric motor.
- the rear suspension 50 is not restricted by the drive shaft.
- rear arms 51L and 51R extend in the front-rear direction, and pivots 56L and 56R are located forward of rotation shafts 57 of rear wheels 5L and 5R. With such a configuration, the wheel stroke of the rear suspension 50 can be increased.
- the wheel stroke of the rear suspension 50 is 60 mm or more, but it is not limited to this. With a large wheel stroke of 60 mm or more, it is possible to improve drivability on unpaved roads and bumps.
- the upper limit of the wheel stroke of the rear suspension 50 may vary depending on the size of the vehicle 1, and is, for example, 150 mm, but is not limited to this.
- the vehicle 1 since no drive shaft is required and the rear arms 52L and 51R are not positioned near the center of the rear of the vehicle, a space can be secured near the center of the rear of the vehicle. Since there is a space near the center of the rear part of the vehicle, even if there is a large difference in the vertical position of the left and right rear wheels 5L and 5R due to the operation of the independent rear suspension 50, the vehicle body can be placed on the ground. can be made difficult to come into contact with.
- the vehicle 1 may be provided with a drive shaft when driving force is transmitted from one electric motor to the rear wheels 5L and 5R without using the in-wheel motor.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of vehicle 1.
- Vehicle 1 includes a control device 70 .
- Control device 70 controls the operation of vehicle 1 .
- the control device 70 is, for example, an MCU (Motor Control Unit).
- the control device 70 has a semiconductor integrated circuit such as a microcontroller, signal processor, etc. capable of performing digital signal processing.
- the control device 70 includes a processor 71, memory 72, drive circuits 73L and 73R.
- Processor 71 controls the operation of electric motors 60L and 60R and the operation of each part of vehicle 1 .
- Memory 72 stores a computer program that defines procedures for controlling the operations of electric motors 60L and 60R and each part of vehicle 1 .
- the processor 71 reads computer programs from the memory 72 and performs various controls. Power is supplied to the control device 70 from the battery 10 .
- the control device 70 and the battery 10 are provided at arbitrary positions of the vehicle 1, for example, below the seat 3, but are not limited thereto.
- the battery 10 may be provided detachably with respect to the vehicle 1 .
- the battery 10 may be detachably provided behind the seat 3 .
- the accelerator operator 7 outputs a signal to the processor 71 according to the accelerator operation amount of the passenger.
- the steering angle sensor 75 is provided, for example, on the head tube 22 or the steering column 26 and outputs a signal corresponding to the rotation angle of the steering column 26 to the processor 71 .
- the electric motor 60L is provided with a rotation sensor 61L.
- Rotation sensor 61L detects the rotation angle of electric motor 60L and outputs a signal corresponding to the rotation angle to processor 71 and drive circuit 73L.
- Processor 71 and drive circuit 73L compute the rotation speed of electric motor 60L from the output signal of rotation sensor 61L.
- the electric motor 60R is provided with a rotation sensor 61R.
- Rotation sensor 61R detects the rotation angle of electric motor 60R and outputs a signal corresponding to the rotation angle to processor 71 and drive circuit 73R.
- Processor 71 and drive circuit 73R compute the rotation speed of electric motor 60R from the output signal of rotation sensor 61R.
- the sizes of the rear wheels 5L and 5R are stored in advance in the memory 72, and the running speed of the vehicle 1 can be calculated from the rotational speeds of the electric motors 60L and 60R.
- the processor 71 calculates a command value for generating an appropriate driving force from the output signal of the accelerator operator 7, the output signal of the steering angle sensor 75, the traveling speed of the vehicle, information stored in the memory 72, and the like. and transmitted to the driving circuits 73L and 73R. Processor 71 can transmit different command values to drive circuits 73L and 73R according to the running state of the vehicle.
- the drive circuits 73L and 73R are, for example, inverters.
- the drive circuit 73L supplies the electric motor 60L with a drive current according to the command value from the processor 71.
- the drive circuit 73R supplies the electric motor 60L with a drive current corresponding to the command value from the processor 71.
- the rotation of the electric motors 60L and 60R to which the drive current is supplied causes the rear wheels 5L and 5R to rotate. When the electric motors 60L and 60R are provided with reduction gears, the rotation is transmitted to the rear wheels 5L and 5R via those reduction gears.
- the vehicle 1 of this embodiment includes wheels 4L, 4R, 5L and 5R having large outer diameters. As a result, it is possible to improve the running performance on unpaved roads and bumps.
- the total length (length in the front-rear direction) of the vehicle 1 may be limited.
- the Japanese Industrial Standard "JIS T 9208:2016" for handle-type electric wheelchairs limits the overall length of the vehicle to 1200 mm or less. When the overall length of the vehicle 1 is limited in this way, increasing the outer diameter of the wheels shortens the wheelbase.
- the outer diameter Dw of each of the wheels 4L, 4R, 5L and 5R of the present embodiment is relatively large, being 0.26 times or more the overall length Lo of the vehicle 1.
- the wheel base WB of the vehicle 1 and the outer diameter Dw of the wheels are WB/Dw ⁇ 2.5 and the wheel base WB is relatively short.
- the seat 3 is arranged at a high position so that the waist of the occupant is raised.
- the height Hb (FIG. 2) from the road surface 15 to the upper end portion 35 of the seat base 31 is 500 mm or more.
- the upper limit of the height Hb is, for example, 700 mm, but is not limited to this.
- the upper limit of the outer diameter Dw of the wheel is, for example, 0.4 times the overall length Lo of the vehicle 1, but is not limited to this.
- the lower limit of the relationship “WB/Dw” between the wheel base WB and the wheel outer diameter Dw is, for example, 1.5, but is not limited thereto.
- the behavior of the vehicle can change sensitively to front and rear load movements. That is, in the vehicle 1 having a short wheelbase WB, pitching can easily occur during acceleration and deceleration. When pitching occurs, the occupant may feel uncomfortable.
- the vehicle 1 of this embodiment suppresses the occurrence of such pitching.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 are left side views showing the vehicle 1.
- FIG. FIGS. 7 and 8 show the vehicle 1 in a predetermined state with an object 12 having a mass of 75 kg placed on the seat 3 and standing still on a horizontal road surface 15 .
- the object 12 is one of the "weights" defined in the Japanese Industrial Standard "JIS T 9208:2016” for electric wheelchairs with handles. By placing such a weight 12 on the seat 3, a state in which a person is in the vehicle 1 can be simulated.
- the position of the center of gravity G ⁇ b>1 of the entire vehicle, including the weight 12 placed on the seat 3 can be approximately above the seat 3 .
- the position of the upper end portion 33 of the front portion of the seat 3 is the position of the center of gravity G1 of the entire vehicle.
- the position of the upper end portion 33 of the front portion of the seat 3 is the highest position forward of the center of the seat 3 in the longitudinal direction.
- rear wheel 5L, rear arm 51L and pivot 56L will be mainly described below, but the features of the rear wheel 5R, rear arm 51R and pivot 56R are the same.
- the pitching during acceleration/deceleration is mainly affected by the moment generated around the pivot 56L.
- a driving force is applied to the road surface 15 from the rear wheels 5L, which are driving wheels.
- a reaction force Dr that the rear wheel 5L receives from the road surface 15 in the tangential direction between the rear wheel 5L and the road surface 15 acts on the pivot 56L, and a moment Mt is generated around the pivot 56L.
- a moment Mw is generated around the pivot 56L due to a load change ⁇ Wr on the side of the rear wheel 5L due to inertial force or the like applied to the center of gravity G1.
- the reaction force Br that the rear wheel 5L receives from the road surface 15 in the tangential direction between the rear wheel 5L and the road surface 15 acts on the pivot 56L.
- the deceleration moment has the opposite sign to the acceleration moment.
- the line of action La passes through the position P1 where the rear wheel 5L contacts the road surface 15 and the center of the pivot 56L in the side view of the predetermined state.
- the position P1 is the center position of the contact surface between the rear wheel 5L and the road surface 15 in the front-rear direction.
- Hs is the distance between the center of gravity G1 and the intersection point P2, where P2 is the intersection point of the line extending vertically from the center of gravity G1 and the line of action La in the side view of the predetermined state.
- WB is the wheel base (Fig. 2).
- Hp is the height from the road surface 15 to the center of the pivot 56L.
- Lr is the longitudinal length between the pivot 56L and the rotation shaft 57 of the rear wheel 5L when the weight 12 is placed on the seat 3 (FIG. 5).
- Hg is the height from the road surface 15 to the center of gravity G (FIG. 8) in the predetermined state.
- the moment M generated around the pivot 56L is adjusted in consideration of the load change applied to the front wheel 4L side.
- the ratio "Lr/WB" between the wheel base WB and the length Lr can be roughly determined according to the standard of the vehicle 1. Therefore, the relationship between the distance Hs and the height Hp of the pivot 56L is important in order to set the moment M during acceleration/deceleration to an appropriate magnitude.
- the moment M is set to an appropriate magnitude in consideration of such front-side movement.
- the inventors of the present application conducted extensive research and found that the distance Hs and the height Hp in a side view in the predetermined state are 3.0 ⁇ Hs/Hp It has been found that natural ride comfort can be achieved while efficiently suppressing pitching when satisfying By increasing the position of the center of gravity G1 with respect to the line of action La, it is possible to increase the ratio of the inertial force suppressing the pitching caused by the reaction that the rear wheel 5L receives from the road surface 15 during acceleration and deceleration. As a result, pitching during acceleration and deceleration can be suppressed. In addition, pitching can be efficiently suppressed by making the height Hp of the center of the pivot lower than the height Hr of the center of the rotation shaft 57 of the rear wheel 5L in the predetermined state.
- Hs/Hp the upper limit of "Hs/Hp"
- WB 12Lr
- 11/2 Hp Hs becomes.
- Hp and Hs flat behavior with suppressed pitching can be obtained.
- the rear side of the vehicle sinks slightly during acceleration and if the front side sinks slightly during deceleration, the occupant may feel that the ride is more natural.
- natural ride comfort is realized in various relationships between WB and Lr.
- the inventors of the present application conducted extensive research and found that the distance Hs and the height Hp in a side view in the predetermined state are Hs/Hp ⁇ 6.0 It has been found that natural ride comfort can be achieved while efficiently suppressing pitching when satisfying By setting the upper limit of "Hs/Hp" to 6.0, it is possible to realize natural ride comfort while efficiently suppressing pitching.
- the position of the center of gravity G1 is the position of the upper end portion 33 of the front portion of the seat 3, but it may be the position of the upper end portion of the seating surface of the seat 3.
- FIG. 9 is a left side view showing the vehicle 1 with the position of the center of gravity G1 positioned at the upper end of the seating surface of the seat 3.
- FIG. FIG. 9 shows the vehicle 1 in the above-described predetermined state in which the weight 12 is placed on the seat 3 and the vehicle 1 is stationary on the horizontal road surface 15 .
- the seat surface 36 (FIG. 1) of the seat 3 is the upper surface of the cushion 32 (FIG. 2) of the seat 3.
- the highest position on a line CL passing through the center of the seat surface 36 in the left-right direction and extending in the front-rear direction along the shape of the seat surface 36 is the position of the upper end portion 34 (FIG. 9) of the seat surface 36.
- the position of the upper end portion 34 of the seat surface 36 is the position of the center of gravity G1.
- the vehicle 1 is a four-wheel steering wheel electric wheelchair, but the vehicle 1 is not limited to this.
- the vehicle 1 may be a joystick type electric wheelchair.
- Vehicle 1 is not limited to a wheelchair, and may be another vehicle.
- the number of wheels of the vehicle 1 is not limited to four.
- the number of wheels should be three or more.
- the drive source for driving the wheels is not limited to the electric motor, and may be an internal combustion engine. Further, driving force may be transmitted from one driving source to a plurality of wheels.
- a vehicle 1 includes at least three wheels including front wheels 4L and 4R and rear wheels 5L and 5R, drive sources 60L and 60R that drive the rear wheels 5L and 5R, and rear wheels 5L and 5R.
- a vehicle 1 comprising a rear suspension 50 having rear arms 51L and 51R for supporting the rear suspension 50 and having pivots 56L and 56R located in front of a rotation axis 57 of rear wheels 5L and 5R, and a seat 3 on which an occupant sits.
- Hp is the height from the road surface 15 to the pivots 56L and 56R, and and the line of action La along which the reaction of the driving force received by the rear wheels 5L, 5R from the road surface 15 acts on the pivots 56L, 56R. 3.0 ⁇ Hs/Hp meet.
- WB/Dw 2.5
- the moment acting on the pivots 56L and 56R during acceleration and deceleration can be appropriately sized, and pitching can be suppressed.
- a vehicle 1 includes at least three wheels including front wheels 4L and 4R and rear wheels 5L and 5R, drive sources 60L and 60R that drive the rear wheels 5L and 5R, and rear wheels 5L and 5R.
- a vehicle 1 comprising a rear suspension 50 having rear arms 51L and 51R for supporting the rear suspension 50 and having pivots 56L and 56R located in front of a rotation axis 57 of rear wheels 5L and 5R, and a seat 3 on which an occupant sits.
- WB/Dw 2.5
- a vehicle 1 with a short wheelbase WB that satisfies 3.0 ⁇ (Hg-Hp)/Hp meet.
- the rear wheels 5L, 5R receive reaction from the road surface 15 during acceleration and deceleration. It is possible to increase the rate at which the inertial force suppresses the pitching that occurs. As a result, pitching during acceleration and deceleration can be suppressed.
- the line of action La may pass through the position P1 where the rear wheels 5L and 5R contact the road surface 15 and the centers of the pivots 56L and 56R in a side view of a predetermined state.
- vehicle 1 includes: 3.0 ⁇ Hs/Hp ⁇ 6.0 may be satisfied.
- the ratio of inertial force suppressing the pitching caused by the reaction that the rear wheels 5L and 5R receive from the road surface 15 during acceleration and deceleration is increased. can do. As a result, pitching during acceleration and deceleration can be suppressed.
- the vehicle 1, in a predetermined state 3.0 ⁇ (Hc-Hp)/Hp ⁇ 6.0 may be satisfied.
- the distance between the seat surface position of the seat 3 and the positions of the pivots 56L and 56R makes it possible to suppress pitching during acceleration and deceleration.
- the vehicle 1, in a predetermined state 3.0 ⁇ (Hg-Hp)/Hp ⁇ 6.0 may be satisfied.
- vehicle 1 includes: 1.5 ⁇ WB/Dw ⁇ 2.5 may be satisfied.
- the seat 3 includes a seat base 31 and a cushion 32 provided above the seat base 31.
- the height from the road surface 15 to the upper end 35 of the seat base 31 is 500 mm. or more.
- the position of the seat 3 is as high as 500 mm or more, the occupant can be seated even if the wheelbase WB is short and the occupant's leg space is small.
- the height from the road surface 15 to the upper end portion 35 of the seat base 31 may be 500 mm or more and 700 mm or less.
- the occupant Due to the high position of the seat 3, the occupant can be seated even if the wheelbase WB is short and the occupant's leg space is small.
- the height of the pivot may be lower than the height of the axis of rotation of the rear wheels in a given state.
- the moment that acts on the pivot during acceleration and deceleration can be set to an appropriate size, and pitching can be suppressed.
- the wheel stroke of the rear suspension 50 may be 60 mm or more.
- the wheel stroke of the rear suspension 50 may be 60 mm or more and 150 mm or less.
- the vehicle 1 may be a steering wheel electric wheelchair 1 having a steering wheel 6 that is steered by an occupant.
- a handle-type electric wheelchair 1 in which pitching during acceleration and deceleration is suppressed can be realized.
- the present invention is particularly useful in the field of vehicles.
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Abstract
Description
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たし、
前記シートに質量75kgの物体を乗せて水平な路面で静止している所定状態の側面視において、前記路面から前記ピボットまでの高さをHp、前記シート前部の上端部と、前記後輪が前記路面から受ける駆動力の反作用が前記ピボットに作用する作用線との間の上下方向の距離をHsとしたとき、
3.0 ≦ Hs/Hp
を満たす。
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たすホイールベースが短い車両において、
3.0 ≦ Hs/Hp
を満たす。
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たし、前記シートに質量75kgの物体を乗せて水平な路面で静止している所定状態において、前記路面から前記ピボットまでの高さをHp、前記路面からシート前部の上端部までの高さをHgとしたとき、
3.0 ≦ (Hg-Hp)/Hp
を満たす。
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たすホイールベースが短い車両において、
3.0 ≦ (Hg-Hp)/Hp
を満たす。
3.0 ≦ Hs/Hp ≦ 6.0
を満たしてもよい。
3.0 ≦ Hs/Hp ≦ 6.0
を満たすことにより、加減速時にピボットに作用するモーメントを適切な大きさにでき、ピッチングを抑制することができる。
3.0 ≦ (Hc-Hp)/Hp
を満たしてもよい。
3.0 ≦ (Hc-Hp)/Hp≦ 6.0
を満たしてもよい。
3.0 ≦ (Hg-Hp)/Hp ≦ 6.0
を満たしてもよい。
3.0 ≦ (Hg-Hp)/Hp ≦ 6.0
を満たすことにより、加減速時に後輪が路面から受ける反作用に起因するピッチングを慣性力が抑制する割合を大きくすることができる。これにより、加減速時のピッチングを抑制することができる。
1.5 ≦ WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たしてもよい。
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たすホイールベースが短い車両において、
3.0 ≦ Hs/Hp
を満たす。
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たすホイールベースが短い車両において、
3.0 ≦ (Hg-Hp)/Hp
を満たす。
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
の関係を満たし、ホイールベースWBは相対的に短い。
ΔWr1=(Hs/WB)×Dr
で表される。ここでHsは、シート3におもり12を乗せて水平な路面15で静止している所定状態の側面視において、シート3の前部の上端部33と、反作用の力Drがピボット56Lに作用する作用線Laとの間の上下方向の距離である。作用線Laは、上記所定状態の側面視において、後輪5Lが路面15に接触する位置P1とピボット56Lの中心とを通る。位置P1は、後輪5Lと路面15との接触面における前後方向の中心の位置である。Hsは、上記所定状態の側面視において、重心G1から鉛直方向に延びる線と作用線Laとの交点をP2としたときの、重心G1と交点P2との間の距離である。WBは、ホイールベース(図2)である。
ΔWr2=(-Hp/Lr)×Dr
で表される。ここでHpは、路面15からピボット56Lの中心までの高さである。Lrは、おもり12をシート3に乗せた状態でのピボット56Lと後輪5Lの回転軸57との間の前後方向の長さ(図5)である。
ΔWr=ΔWr1+ΔWr2
で表される。
ΔWf=-(Hg/WB)×Dr
で表される。ここで、Hgは上記所定状態における路面15から重心Gまでの高さ(図8)である。本実施形態では、前輪4L側にかかる荷重変化も考慮してピボット56L周りに発生するモーメントMを調整する。
Mt=-Hp×Dr
で表される。
Mw=(Hs/WB)×Dr×Lr
で表される。
M=Mt+Mw
で表される。モーメントMtおよびMwは上記の数式で表されることから、モーメントMは、
M=Dr×{(Hs×Lr/WB)-Hp}
で表される。
・ΔWr=ΔWf
・Hg=Hp+Hs
・WB=6Lr
と近似したとき、
5/2Hp=Hs
となる。HpとHsとがこの関係のとき、ピッチングが抑制されたフラットな挙動を得ることができる。しかし、加速時にリア側が若干沈んだり、減速時にフロント側が若干沈んだりした方が、乗員は自然な乗り心地に感じる場合がある。
3.0 ≦ Hs/Hp
を満たす場合に、ピッチングを効率良く抑制しながら自然な乗り心地を実現できることを見出した。作用線Laに対して重心G1の位置を高くすることで、加減速時に後輪5Lが路面15から受ける反作用に起因するピッチングを慣性力が抑制する割合を大きくすることができる。これにより、加減速時のピッチングを抑制することができる。また、上記所定状態において、ピボットの中心の高さHpが後輪5Lの回転軸57の中心の高さHrよりも低いことによっても、ピッチングを効率良く抑制することができる。
11/2Hp=Hs
となる。HpとHsとがこの関係のとき、ピッチングが抑制されたフラットな挙動を得ることができる。しかし、加速時にリア側が若干沈んだり、減速時にフロント側が若干沈んだりした方が、乗員は自然な乗り心地に感じる場合がある。本実施形態では、例えばWBとLrの様々な関係において自然な乗り心地を実現する。
Hs/Hp ≦ 6.0
を満たす場合に、ピッチングを効率良く抑制しながら自然な乗り心地を実現できることを見出した。“Hs/Hp”の上限を6.0とすることで、ピッチングを効率良く抑制しながら自然な乗り心地を実現することができる。
3.0 ≦ (Hg-Hp)/Hp
を満たす場合に、ピッチングを効率良く抑制できることを更に見出した。
3.0 ≦ (Hc-Hp)/Hp
を満たす場合に、ピッチングを効率良く抑制することができる。
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たし、
シート3に質量75kgの物体12を乗せて水平な路面15で静止している所定状態の側面視において、路面15からピボット56L、56Rまでの高さをHp、シート3の前部の上端部33と、後輪5L、5Rが路面15から受ける駆動力の反作用がピボット56L、56Rに作用する作用線Laとの間の上下方向の距離をHsとしたとき、
3.0 ≦ Hs/Hp
を満たす。
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たすホイールベースWBが短い車両1において、
3.0 ≦ Hs/Hp
を満たす。
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たし、
シート3に質量75kgの物体12を乗せて水平な路面15で静止している所定状態において、路面15からピボット56L、56Rまでの高さをHp、路面15からシート3の前部の上端部33までの高さをHgとしたとき、
3.0 ≦ (Hg-Hp)/Hp
を満たす。
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たすホイールベースWBが短い車両1において、
3.0 ≦ (Hg-Hp)/Hp
を満たす。
3.0 ≦ Hs/Hp ≦ 6.0
を満たしてもよい。
3.0 ≦ Hs/Hp ≦ 6.0
を満たすことにより、加減速時にピボット56L、56Rに作用するモーメントを適切な大きさにでき、ピッチングを抑制することができる。
3.0 ≦ (Hc-Hp)/Hp
を満たしてもよい。
3.0 ≦ (Hc-Hp)/Hp≦ 6.0
を満たしてもよい。
3.0 ≦ (Hg-Hp)/Hp ≦ 6.0
を満たしてもよい。
3.0 ≦ (Hg-Hp)/Hp ≦ 6.0
を満たすことにより、加減速時に後輪5L、5Rが路面15から受ける反作用に起因するピッチングを慣性力が抑制する割合を大きくすることができる。これにより、加減速時のピッチングを抑制することができる。
1.5 ≦ WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たしてもよい。
Claims (14)
- 前輪および後輪を含む少なくとも三輪の車輪と、
前記後輪を駆動する駆動源と、
前記後輪を支持するスイングアームを有し、ピボットが前記後輪の回転軸よりも前方に位置するサスペンションと、
乗員が座るシートと、
を備えた車両であって、
前記車両のホイールベースをWB、前記後輪の外径をDwとしたとき、
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たし、
前記シートに質量75kgの物体を乗せて水平な路面で静止している所定状態の側面視において、
前記路面から前記ピボットまでの高さをHp、
前記シート前部の上端部と、前記後輪が前記路面から受ける駆動力の反作用が前記ピボットに作用する作用線との間の上下方向の距離をHsとしたとき、
3.0 ≦ Hs/Hp
を満たす、車両。 - 前輪および後輪を含む少なくとも三輪の車輪と、
前記後輪を駆動する駆動源と、
前記後輪を支持するスイングアームを有し、ピボットが前記後輪の回転軸よりも前方に位置するサスペンションと、
乗員が座るシートと、
を備えた車両であって、
前記車両のホイールベースをWB、前記後輪の外径をDwとしたとき、
WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たし、
前記シートに質量75kgの物体を乗せて水平な路面で静止している所定状態において、
前記路面から前記ピボットまでの高さをHp、
前記路面からシート前部の上端部までの高さをHgとしたとき、
3.0 ≦ (Hg-Hp)/Hp
を満たす、車両。 - 前記作用線は、前記所定状態の側面視において、前記後輪が前記路面に接触する位置と、前記ピボットの中心とを通る、請求項1に記載の車両。
- 前記車両は、
3.0 ≦ Hs/Hp ≦ 6.0
を満たす、請求項1または3に記載の車両。 - 前記所定状態において、前記路面から前記シートの座面の上端部までの高さをHcとしたとき、
3.0 ≦ (Hc-Hp)/Hp
を満たす、請求項1、3および4のいずれかに記載の車両。 - 前記車両は、前記所定状態において、
3.0 ≦ (Hc-Hp)/Hp≦ 6.0
を満たす、請求項5に記載の車両。 - 前記車両は、前記所定状態において、
3.0 ≦ (Hg-Hp)/Hp ≦ 6.0
を満たす、請求項2に記載の車両。 - 前記車両は、
1.5 ≦ WB/Dw ≦ 2.5
を満たす、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の車両。 - 前記シートは、シートベースと、前記シートベースの上方に設けられたクッションとを備え、
前記所定状態において、前記路面から前記シートベースの上端部までの高さは、500mm以上である、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の車両。 - 前記所定状態において、前記路面から前記シートベースの上端部までの高さは、500mm以上700mm以下である、請求項9に記載の車両。
- 前記所定状態において、前記ピボットの高さは、前記後輪の回転軸の高さよりも低い、請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記サスペンションのホイールストロークは、60mm以上である、請求項1から11のいずれかに記載の車両。
- 前記サスペンションのホイールストロークは、60mm以上150mm以下である、請求項12に記載の車両。
- 前記車両は、前記乗員が操舵を行うハンドルを備えたハンドル形電動車椅子である、請求項1から13のいずれかに記載の車両。
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PCT/JP2021/014362 WO2022208876A1 (ja) | 2021-04-02 | 2021-04-02 | 車両 |
JP2023510142A JP7481577B2 (ja) | 2021-04-02 | 2021-04-02 | 車両 |
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2021
- 2021-04-02 EP EP21935037.8A patent/EP4316963A4/en active Pending
- 2021-04-02 WO PCT/JP2021/014362 patent/WO2022208876A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP2007061342A (ja) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-15 | Enax Inc | 電動6輪車椅子 |
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US12102576B2 (en) | 2024-10-01 |
JP7481577B2 (ja) | 2024-05-10 |
US20240016678A1 (en) | 2024-01-18 |
EP4316963A4 (en) | 2024-05-22 |
JPWO2022208876A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
EP4316963A1 (en) | 2024-02-07 |
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