WO2022143131A1 - 电池模组以及具有其的车辆 - Google Patents

电池模组以及具有其的车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022143131A1
WO2022143131A1 PCT/CN2021/137545 CN2021137545W WO2022143131A1 WO 2022143131 A1 WO2022143131 A1 WO 2022143131A1 CN 2021137545 W CN2021137545 W CN 2021137545W WO 2022143131 A1 WO2022143131 A1 WO 2022143131A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery module
isolation
battery
plate
explosion
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2021/137545
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹永强
何鑫
刘崇威
李岩
李树会
单红艳
Original Assignee
长城汽车股份有限公司
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Application filed by 长城汽车股份有限公司 filed Critical 长城汽车股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022143131A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022143131A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
    • H01M50/333—Spring-loaded vent valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular, to a battery module and a vehicle having the same.
  • a fireproof device such as mica board is installed between the battery module and the battery pack box (upper cover), and there is no special protection around the battery module.
  • the top of the group and the side of the battery module with the end plate enter the adjacent battery module, causing a chain reaction of thermal runaway of multiple battery modules.
  • the single use of mica plate can only delay the flame breaking through the battery pack box and spreading out. speed, but cannot prevent thermal runaway from spreading between battery modules.
  • an object of the present application is to propose a battery module, which can isolate and protect the battery module, prolong the thermal runaway spread speed among a plurality of battery modules, and prevent the battery module from catching fire. ,explode.
  • the present application further proposes a vehicle using the above battery module.
  • a battery module for a vehicle includes: a casing; and battery cells, wherein the plurality of battery cells are arranged in the casing, and the upper surface of each of the battery cells has an upper surface.
  • An explosion-proof valve is provided; an isolation plate is arranged above the casing, and the area opposite the isolation plate and the explosion-proof valve is formed as a weakened area, and the weakened area is suitable for being passed through the explosion-proof valve.
  • the gas-fire flow ejected by the explosion-proof valve is flushed to discharge the gas-fire flow out of the battery core; an isolation cover, the isolation cover is provided on the casing, and the isolation cover and the isolation plate are in the same position.
  • the upper and lower directions are spaced apart to define exhaust passages adapted to exhaust the gas-fire flow.
  • the isolation plate and the isolation cover by disposing the isolation plate and the isolation cover, the gas-fired flow discharged from the battery cells can be isolated by the isolation plate, so as to avoid or reduce the gas-fired flow to the battery cells without thermal runaway of the battery module.
  • the battery module can be separated from the surrounding battery modules by the isolation cover to avoid or reduce the impact of gas and fire flow on the surrounding battery modules, which can not only prolong the spread speed of thermal runaway between battery modules, but also prolong the occupant. It can avoid the rapid increase of voltage in the battery module (that is, discharge the gas and fire in time), reduce the damage degree of the battery module, avoid the fire or explosion of the battery module, and improve the battery module. safety of use.
  • the isolation cover has a discharge port in communication with the discharge channel, the discharge port being formed on a side of the isolation cover opposite to the end plate of the housing.
  • a side surface of the isolation cover opposite to the end plate is provided with a mounting hole for fixing with the end plate.
  • one side of the isolation cover opposite to the end plate is provided with the discharge port, and the other side is provided with an electrical plug-in port.
  • the discharge port is provided with a discharge port protective curtain
  • the electrical plug interface is provided with an electrical protective curtain
  • the battery module further includes: a spacer block, the spacer block is located at one end of the isolation plate away from the discharge port, and is used to space the electrical socket from the discharge channel.
  • contour shape of the weakened area is consistent with the contour shape of the explosion-proof valve.
  • it further includes: an explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve is arranged above the cell body;
  • the Yunnan cell includes: a cell body and a cell shell, and the bottom of the cell shell has an open The outlet is covered on the battery core body, and the top of the battery core shell is provided with an explosion-proof hole for installing the explosion-proof valve.
  • the pressure threshold is 1Mpa-1.2Mpa.
  • a vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application includes: the battery module described in the foregoing embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application (isolation cover is not shown);
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an isolation cover of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the cell 20 the cell body 21, the cell shell 22,
  • the battery module 100 and the vehicle according to the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 .
  • a battery module 100 for a vehicle includes: a casing 10 , a battery cell 20 , an isolation plate 30 and an isolation cover 50 .
  • the isolation plate 30 is arranged above the casing 10 , and the isolation plate 30 is connected to the explosion-proof valve 80 .
  • the opposite area is formed as a weakening area 31, and the weakening area 31 is suitable for being swept away by the gas-fire flow ejected through the explosion-proof valve 80 to discharge the gas-fire flow out of the battery core 20;
  • the isolation cover 50 is covered on the casing 10, and
  • the isolation hood 50 is spaced apart from the isolation plate 30 in the up-down direction to define an exhaust channel suitable for exhausting the gas and fire flow.
  • the housing 10 defines an accommodating space, and a plurality of battery cells 20 are arranged in an array in sequence in the housing 10 .
  • the isolation plate 30 is arranged, and the area facing the isolation plate 30 and the explosion-proof valve 80 is formed as the weakening area 31.
  • the explosion-proof valve 80 is opened, the gas and fire flow generated in the battery cell 20 first pierces the casing 10 , and then acts on the weakened area 31 , and pierces the weakened area 31 to discharge the battery module 100 .
  • the weakening area 31 is not a through hole, it can separate the cells 20 without thermal runaway from the ejected gas and fire flow, and prolong the thermal runaway between the plurality of cells 20 in the battery module 100.
  • the spreading speed can avoid or reduce the influence of other cells 20 around the cell 20 that generates thermal runaway, and realize separate isolation and protection for each cell 20 .
  • an isolation cover 50 is placed on the outer side of the housing 10, and an exhaust channel is defined between the isolation cover 50 and the isolation plate 30, so that the gas and fire flow discharged through the weakening area 31 can be drained through the exhaust channel, so as to realize heat dissipation.
  • Directional discharge of the gas-fire flow generated by the runaway cell 20 is not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to the isolation cover 50 and the isolation plate 30, so that the gas and fire flow discharged through the weakening area 31 can be drained through the exhaust channel, so as to realize heat dissipation.
  • the isolation cover 50 is arranged in the circumferential direction of the casing, which can prevent the discharged gas and fire from burning the adjacent battery modules 100 at the sides or ends of the adjacent battery modules 100, so as to prolong the thermal runaway in the
  • the speed of spreading among the plurality of battery modules 100 can avoid rapid voltage increase inside the battery modules 100 , avoid fire or explosion of the battery modules 100 , and improve the safety of the battery modules 100 .
  • the isolation plate 30 and the isolation cover 50 by arranging the isolation plate 30 and the isolation cover 50 , the gas-fired flow discharged from the battery cells 20 can be isolated by the isolation plate 30 , so as to avoid or reduce the impact of the gas-fired flow on the battery module 100 .
  • the battery module 100 can be separated from the surrounding battery modules 100 by the isolation cover 50, so as to avoid or reduce the influence of the gas and fire flow on the surrounding battery modules 100, which can not only prolong the battery model
  • the spread speed of thermal runaway between the groups 100 prolongs the escape time of the occupants and the rescue time of the rescuers, and can avoid the rapid increase of the voltage in the battery module 100 (ie, discharge the gas and fire in time), and reduce the damage degree of the battery module 100 , to prevent the battery module 100 from catching fire or exploding, so as to improve the use safety of the battery module 100 .
  • the gas-fire flow is a mixture of high-temperature and high-pressure gas and liquid ejected after the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 .
  • the isolation cover 50 is constructed as an integral molded part, and the isolation cover 50 has a discharge port 51 that communicates with the discharge passage, and the discharge port 51 is formed in the isolation cover 50 opposite to the end plate 12 . on the side.
  • the gas and fire flow drained through the discharge channel can be discharged through the discharge port 51 located on the side of the isolation cover 50 opposite to the end plate 12.
  • the end plates 12 on the same side of the plurality of battery modules 100 are at the length of the battery pack.
  • the distances are arranged in the direction or width direction, so that the probability of fire of other battery modules 100 caused by the gas and fire flow discharged through the discharge port 51 is lower, and the isolation and protection effect of the isolation cover 50 can be further improved, so as to effectively improve the battery module 100. safety of use.
  • discharge port 51 in the embodiment of the present application may be formed on the two sides of the isolation cover 50 facing the end plate 12, or only on one of the two sides.
  • Those skilled in the art can use the actual The situation is set flexibly, but all belong to the technical solutions claimed in this application.
  • a discharge port 51 is provided on one side of the isolation cover 50 opposite to the end plate 12 , and an electrical socket 52 is provided on the other side. That is to say, in an embodiment of the present application, a discharge port 51 is formed on one side, and an electrical socket 53 is provided on the other side. The electrical socket 53 is used for connecting with the surrounding battery modules 100 and other electrical components.
  • the electrical connection not only makes the electrical connection between the battery module 100 of the present application and the surrounding electrical components and the battery module 100 simpler and more convenient, but also makes the discharge port 51 and the electrical socket 53 located on the two sides of the isolation cover 50, which can avoid The gas and fire flow is discharged through the electrical socket 53 to prevent the surrounding electrical components from being caught on fire, thereby further improving the use safety of the battery module 100 .
  • the discharge port 51 is provided with a discharge port protective curtain 70, and the casing 10 in the isolation cover 50 can be separated from the outside through the discharge port protective curtain 70.
  • mounting holes 52 for fixing to the end plate 12 are provided on the side of the isolation cover 50 opposite to the end plate 12 .
  • the casing 10 of the battery module 100 has two end plates 12 , the two sides of the isolation cover 50 facing the two end plates 12 are provided with mounting holes 52 , and the corresponding mounting holes 52 on each side are provided with mounting holes 52 .
  • the number is at least two, and the isolation cover 50 is fixed on the end plate 12 by the fasteners passing through the installation holes 52, so that the isolation cover 50 can be prevented from moving relative to the casing 10, so that the discharge channel can be maintained stable and ensured
  • the gas and fire flow can be discharged through the discharge port 51 to improve the protection effect.
  • the battery module 100 further includes: a spacer block 60 , the spacer block 60 is located at one end of the isolation plate 30 away from the discharge port 51 and is used for connecting the electrical socket 53 spaced from the discharge channel.
  • the length of the isolation plate 30 is the same as the length of the isolation cover 50 , and then a spacer 60 is provided at the end of the isolation cover 50 where the battery insertion port is provided.
  • the cover 50 is attached, and the lower side of the cushion block 60 is attached to the upper surface of the isolation plate 30, so as to separate the electrical socket 53 from the discharge channel, further improve the isolation effect, and ensure that the gas and fire flow will not act on the electrical socket 53. , so as to effectively improve the use safety of the battery module 100 .
  • the housing 10 includes: a side plate 11 , an end plate 12 and an upper plate 13 , the upper plate 13 is located between the isolation plate 30 and the battery core 20 , and the isolation plate 30 is connected to the upper plate 13 .
  • the upper plate 13 is fitted and arranged.
  • the side plate 11 , the end plate 12 and the upper plate 13 define an accommodating space
  • the battery cells 20 are arranged in the accommodating space
  • the upper plate 13 is attached to the isolation plate 30 to ensure the gas fire generated by the battery cells 20
  • the flow can be directly used in the weakening area 31 after the casing 10 is punched out, so as to avoid the existence of a gap between the isolation plate 30 and the casing 10, so as to prevent the gas-fire flow from acting on other cells 20 through the gap during the discharge process, and improve the battery performance.
  • the rationality of the structure of the module 100 can effectively prolong the spreading speed of the thermal runaway gold of the battery cell 20 and improve the use safety of the battery module 100 .
  • the contour shape of the weakened area 31 is consistent with the contour shape of the explosion-proof valve 80 .
  • the area of the opening formed after the weakened area 31 is punched out is consistent with the cross-sectional area of the explosion-proof valve 80, so that the discharge efficiency of the gas and fire flow can be improved, and the weakened area 31 can also be avoided.
  • FIG. 1 it further includes: an explosion-proof valve 80 , and the explosion-proof valve 80 is arranged above the cell 20 ; the cell 20 includes a cell body 21 and a cell shell 22. The bottom of the cell shell 22 has an open opening and is sheathed on the cell body 21, and the top of the cell shell 22 has an explosion hole for installing the explosion-proof valve 80.
  • the explosion-proof valve 80 is located above the cell body 21 , the bottom of the cell shell 22 has an open opening and is sheathed on the cell body 21 , and the top of the cell shell 22 has an explosion-removing hole that avoids the explosion-proof valve 80 .
  • the cell body 21 includes a plurality of single cells or is configured as a coiled core structure
  • the explosion-proof valve 80 is arranged above the cell body 21
  • the explosion-proof valve 80 and the cell body 21 both extend into the one-piece type with the bottom open.
  • the explosion hole on the top surface of the cell shell 22 is used to avoid the explosion-proof valve 80 , so that after the explosion-proof valve 80 is opened, the space defined by the cell shell 22 for placing the cell body 21 can be ensured It is communicated with the outside world, so that when the cell body 21 is thermally out of control, it can ensure that the gas and fire flow generated by the cell body 21 can be discharged to the outside of the cell shell 22 through the opened explosion-proof valve 80 to realize the thermal runaway of the cell 20.
  • the cell shell 22 is constructed as an integral molded part, and only the bottom is open, which has a good insulation effect, which can improve the insulation effect between the plurality of cells 20 in the battery module 100, and further reduce the thermal runaway on the surrounding environment. Influence of cell 20.
  • the outline of the detonation hole is larger than the outline of the explosion-proof valve 80 .
  • the assembly between the cell body 21 , the cell shell 22 and the explosion-proof valve 80 is simpler and more convenient.
  • the isolation plate 30 is provided with a plurality of grooves, each groove is formed as a weakened area 31, and the isolation plate 30 and the isolation cover 50 are both configured as flame-retardant composite parts .
  • the isolation plate 30 is constructed as a flame-retardant composite part, which has a stable flame-retardant effect, so that the isolation and protection of the isolation plate 30 to the battery cell 20 is more stable and reliable; on the other hand, the weakened area 31 is formed as a groove, On the premise of making the processing of the isolation plate 30 simpler and more convenient, the structure of the isolation plate 30 is made simpler.
  • the weakening area 31 is swept away by the gas-fire flow.
  • the pressure threshold is 1 Mpa-1.2 Mpa. In this way, it can be ensured that the pressure on the weakening area 31 is flushed out after reaching the pressure threshold, so that the pressure threshold is more reasonable, and on the premise of improving the isolation effect of the isolation plate 30, the response speed of the battery module 100 for detonation is faster,
  • the weakening area 31 can be opened in time to quickly discharge the high-pressure gas and fire flow, so as to avoid a greater degree of damage to the battery module 100 .
  • a vehicle according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application includes: the battery module 100 in the above embodiment.
  • the battery module 100 in the above-mentioned embodiment is used to prolong the spreading speed of thermal runaway between the battery modules 100 and between the battery cells 20, and to avoid the pressure failure of the battery module 100 when the thermal runaway occurs. Timely discharge to improve vehicle safety.
  • first feature and “second feature” may include one or more of the features.
  • a first feature being "above” or “under” a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but through them Additional feature contacts between.
  • the first feature "above”, “over” and “above” the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than Second feature.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池模组（100）以及具有其的车辆，所述电池模组（100）包括：壳体（10）；电芯（20），电芯（20）为多个且均设置在壳体（10）内，每个电芯（20）的上表面设置有防爆阀（80）；隔离板（30），隔离板（30）设置在壳体（10）的上方，且隔离板（30）与防爆阀（80）正对的区域形成为减弱区（31），减弱区（31）适于被经由防爆阀（80）喷出的气火流冲开以将气火流排出电芯（20）；隔离罩（50），隔离罩（50）罩设在壳体（10）上，且隔离罩（50）与隔离板（30）在上下方向上间隔开以限定出排出通道，排出通道适于排出气火流。由此，不仅可以延长电池模组（100）之间热失控的蔓延速度，延长乘员的脱离时间以及救援人员的救援时间，而且可以避免电池模组（100）内快速升压(即及时排出气火流)，降低电池模组（100）的损坏程度，避免电池模组（100）起火或爆炸，以提高电池模组（100）的使用安全性。

Description

电池模组以及具有其的车辆
本申请要求于2020年12月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011592730.7，申请名称为“电池模组以及具有其的车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及车辆技术领域，尤其是涉及一种电池模组以及具有其的车辆。
背景技术
相关技术中，电池模组与电池包箱体(上盖)之间加装云母板等防火装置，电池模组四周无特别防护，一旦模组发生热失控，喷出的火焰可从邻近电池模组的顶部和电池模组具有端板的一侧进入相邻的电池模组，造成多个电池模组热失控的连锁反应，单一使用云母板只能延缓火焰冲破电池包箱体向外扩散的速度，却无法阻止热失控在电池模组之间的蔓延。
申请内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请的一个目的在于提出一种电池模组，所述电池模组可以对电池模组进行隔离防护，延长多个电池模组之间的热失控蔓延速度，并避免电池模组起火、爆炸。
本申请进一步提出了一种采用上述电池模组的车辆。
根据本申请第一方面实施例的用于车辆的电池模组，包括：壳体；电芯，所述电芯为多个且均设置在所述壳体内，每个所述电芯的上表面设置有防爆阀；隔离板，所述隔离板设置在所述壳体的上方，且所述隔离板与所述防爆阀正对的区域形成为减弱区，所述减弱区适于被经由所述防爆阀喷出的气火流冲开以将所述气火流排出所述电芯；隔离罩，所述隔离罩罩设在所述壳体上，且所述隔离罩与所述隔离板在上下方向上间隔开以限定出排出通道，所述排出通道适于排出所述气火流。
根据本申请实施例的电池模组，通过设置隔离板以及隔离罩，使电芯排出的气火流可以通过隔离板隔离，以避免或降低气火流对电池模组未发生热失控的电芯的影响，可以通过隔离罩将电池模组与周围的电池模组间隔开，避免或降低气火流对周围电池模组的影响，不仅可以延长电池模组之间热失控的蔓延速度，延长乘员的脱离时间以及救援人员的救援时间，而且可以避免电池模组内快速升压(即及时排出气火流)，降低电池模组的损坏程度，避免电池模组起火或爆炸，以提高电池模组的使用安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述隔离罩具有与所述排出通道连通的排出口，所述排出口形成在所述隔离罩与所述壳体的端板相对的侧面上。
在一些实施例中，所述隔离罩与所述端板相对的侧面上设置用于与所述端板固定的安装孔。
进一步地，所述隔离罩与所述端板相对的一个侧面上设置有所述排出口，另一个侧面上设置有电气插接口。
进一步地，所述排出口上设置有排出口防护帘，所述电气插接口上设置有电气防护帘。
在一些实施例中，所述电池模组还包括：垫块，所述垫块位于所述隔离板远离所述排出口的一端，并用于将所述电气插接口与所述排出通道间隔开。
进一步地，所述减弱区的轮廓形状与所述防爆阀的轮廓形状一致。
在一些实施例中，还包括：防爆阀，所述防爆阀设置在所述电芯本体的上方；所述滇电芯包括：电芯本体和电芯壳，所述电芯壳的底部具有敞开口且外套在所述电芯本体上，所述电芯壳的顶部具有安装所述防爆阀的排爆孔。
进一步地，所述压力阈值为1Mpa-1.2Mpa。
根据本申请第二方面实施例的车辆，包括：上述实施例中所述的电池模组。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本申请实施例的电池模组的一个示意图(隔离罩未示出)；
图2是根据本申请实施例的电池模组的另一个示意图；
图3是根据本申请实施例的电池模组的隔离罩的示意图。
附图标记：
电池模组100，
壳体10，侧板11，端板12，上板13，
电芯20，电芯本体21，电芯壳22，
隔离板30，减弱区31，
接线板40，
隔离罩50，排出口51，安装孔52，电气插接口53，
垫块60，排出口防护帘70，防爆阀80。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
下面参考图1-图3描述根据本申请实施例的电池模组100以及车辆。
如图1和图2所示，根据本申请第一方面实施例的用于车辆的电池模组100，包括：壳体10、电芯20、隔离板30以及隔离罩50。
其中，电芯20为多个且均设置在壳体10内，每个电芯20的上表面设置有防爆阀80；隔离板30设置在壳体10的上方，且隔离板30与防爆阀80正对的区域形成为减弱区31，减弱区31适于被经由防爆阀80喷出的气火流冲开以将气火流排出电芯20；隔离罩50罩设在壳体10上，且隔离罩50与隔离板30在上下方向上间隔开以限定出排出通道，排出通道适于排出气火流。
具体而言，壳体10限定出容纳空间，多个电芯20成阵列的依次排布设置在壳体10内，相邻的电芯20通过接线板40电连接，进而在壳体10的上方设置隔离板30，并使隔离板30与防爆阀80正对的区域形成为减弱区31，当电池模组100内的某一个或多个电芯20出现热失控时，该电芯20上的防爆阀80开启，电芯20内产生的气火流喷出先冲开壳体10，进而作用到减弱区31上，并冲开减弱区31以排出电池模组100。
可以理解的是，减弱区31并非通孔，其可以将未发生热失控的电芯20与喷出的气火流间隔开，延长热失控在电池模组100内多个电芯20之间的蔓延速度，避免或降低产生热失控的电芯20周围的其他电芯20的影响，实现对每个电芯20单独的隔离防护。
进而，在壳体10的外侧再罩设隔离罩50，隔离罩50与隔离板30之间限定出排出通道，以通过排出通道将经由减弱区31排出的气火流引流排出，从而实现对热失控电芯20产生的气火流的定向排出。
需要说明的是，隔离罩50罩设在外壳的周向，可以避免排出的气火流在临近的电池模组100的侧向或端部灼烧临近的电池模组100，以延长热失控在多个电池模组100之间的蔓延速度，并可以避免电池模组100内部快速升压，避免电池模组100起火或爆炸，提高电池模组100的安全性。
根据本申请实施例的电池模组100，通过设置隔离板30以及隔离罩50，使电芯20排出的气火流可以通过隔离板30隔离，以避免或降低气火流对电池模组100未发生热失控的电芯20的影响，可以通过隔离罩50将电池模组100与周围的电池模组100间隔开，避免或降低气火流对周围电池模组100的影响，不仅可以延长电池模组100之间热失控的蔓延 速度，延长乘员的脱离时间以及救援人员的救援时间，而且可以避免电池模组100内快速升压(即及时排出气火流)，降低电池模组100的损坏程度，避免电池模组100起火或爆炸，以提高电池模组100的使用安全性。
需要指出的是，气火流为电芯20热失控后喷出的高温高压气体以及液体混合物。
如图3所示，根据本申请的一些实施例，隔离罩50构造为一体成型件，且隔离罩50具有与排出通道连通的排出口51，排出口51形成在隔离罩50与端板12相对的侧面上。
也就是说，通过排出通道引流的气火流可以通过位于隔离罩50与端板12相对的侧面上的排出口51排出，多个电池模组100的同侧的端板12在电池包的长度方向或宽度方向上间隔设置，使通过排出口51排出的气火流导致其他电池模组100受火的概率更低，可以进一步提高隔离罩50的隔离防护效果，以有效地提高电池模组100的使用安全性。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例的排出口51可以形成在隔离罩50与端板12正对的两个侧面上，或仅设置在两个侧面中的一个上，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况灵活设定，但均属于本申请所请求保护的技术方案。
如图3所示，在一些实施例中，隔离罩50与端板12相对的一个侧面上设置有排出口51，另一个侧面上设置有电气插接口52。也就是说，在本申请的一个实施例中，一个侧面上形成有排出口51，另一个侧面上设置有电气插接口53，电气插接口53用于与周围的电池模组100以及其他电气件电连接，不仅使本申请电池模组100与周围电气件以及电池模组100的电连接更加简单、方便，而且使排出口51和电气插接口53位于隔离罩50的两个侧面上，可以避免气火流通过电气插接口53排出，以避免周围电气件受火，进一步提高电池模组100的使用安全性。
可以理解的是，在一些实施例中，排出口51上设置有排出口防护帘70，可以通过排出口防护帘70将隔离罩50内的壳体10与外界间隔开，电气插接口53上设置有电气防护帘(图中未示出)，以通过排出口防护帘70以及电气防护帘，降低电池模组100内部壳体10的受火面积，进一步提高隔离防护效果。
如图2和图3所示，隔离罩50与端板12相对的侧面上设置用于与端板12固定的安装孔52。
其中，电池模组100的壳体10具有两个端板12，隔离罩50与两个端板12正对的两个侧面上均设置有安装孔52，每个侧面上对应的安装孔52的个数为至少两个，通过穿设于安装孔52的紧固件将隔离罩50固定在端板12上，可以避免隔离罩50相对壳体10出现窜动，以使排出通道维持稳定，确保气火流可以经由排出口51排出，以提高防护效果。
在图2所示的具体的实施例中，在一些实施例中，电池模组100还包括：垫块60，垫块60位于隔离板30远离排出口51的一端，并用于将电气插接口53与排出通道间隔开。
具体而言，隔离板30的长度与隔离罩50的长度一致，进而在隔离罩50设置有电池插接口的一端设置垫块60，垫块60为条状结构，垫块60的上侧面与隔离罩50贴合，垫块60的下侧面与隔离板30的上表面贴合，以将电气插接口53与排出通道间隔开，进一步提高隔离效果，确保气火流不会作用到电气插接口53，以有效地提高电池模组100的使用安全性。
如图1所示，根据本申请的一些实施例，壳体10包括：侧板11、端板12以及上板13，上板13位于隔离板30与电芯20之间，且隔离板30与上板13贴合设置。
具体而言，侧板11、端板12以及上板13限定出容纳空间，电芯20设置在容纳空间内，上板13与给隔离板30贴合设置，以确保电芯20产生的气火流在冲开壳体10后可以直接用到减弱区31，避免隔离板30与壳体10之间存在间隙，以避免气火流在排出过程中由间隙作用到其他电芯20上，提高电池模组100的结构合理性，有效地延长电芯20热失控金的蔓延速度，提高电池模组100的使用安全性。
可以理解的是，蔓延速度越慢，电芯20出现热失控后，乘员对应的逃离时间以及救援人员对应的救援时间就越充足。
优选地，减弱区31的轮廓形状与防爆阀80的轮廓形状一致。这样，在气火流排出过程中，可以确保减弱区31被冲开后形成的敞开口的面积与防爆阀80的横截面积一致，提高气火流排出效率的同时，也可以避免减弱区31被冲开后与壳体10的上板13之间具有间隙，以进一步提高隔离板30对限定的隔离防护效果。
在图1所示的具体的实施例中，根据本申请的一些实施例，还包括：防爆阀80，防爆阀80设置在电芯20的上方；电芯20包括电芯本体21和电芯壳22，电芯壳22的底部具有敞开口且外套在电芯本体21上，电芯壳22的顶部具有安装防爆阀80的排爆孔。
其中，防爆阀80位于电芯本体21的上方，电芯壳22的底部具有敞开口且外套在电芯本体21上，电芯壳22的顶部具有避让防爆阀80的排爆孔。
具体而言，电芯本体21包括多个单体电池或构造为卷芯结构，防爆阀80设置在电芯本体21的上方，且防爆阀80和电芯本体21均伸入底部敞开的一体式电芯壳22内，电芯壳22的顶面上的排爆孔用于避让防爆阀80，以在防爆阀80开启后，可以确保电芯壳22所限定出的放置电芯本体21的空间与外界连通，从而在电芯本体21产生热失控时，可以确保电芯本体21产生的气火流可以通过开启的防爆阀80排出到电芯壳22外，实现电芯20的热失控定向排爆。
需要说明的是，电芯壳22构造为一体成型件，且仅底部敞开，具有良好的隔绝效果，可以提高电池模组100内多个电芯20之间的隔绝效果，进一步降低热失控对周围电芯20的影响。
其中，排爆孔的外形轮廓大于防爆阀80的外形轮廓。这样，使电芯本体21、电芯壳22、防爆阀80之间的装配更加简单、方便。
可以理解的是，根据本申请的一些实施例，隔离板30上设置有多个凹槽，每个凹槽形成为一个减弱区31，且隔离板30以及隔离罩50均构造为阻燃复合件。
这样，一方面，隔离板30构造为阻燃复合件，具有稳定的阻燃效果，使隔离板30对电芯20的隔离防护更加稳定、可靠；另一方面，减弱区31形成为凹槽，使隔离板30的加工更加简单方便的前提下，使隔离板30的结构更加简单。
需要说明的是，在防爆阀80喷出的气火流的压力超过压力阈值时，减弱区31被气火流冲开。例如，在一些实施例中，压力阈值为1Mpa-1.2Mpa。这样，可以确保减弱区31所承受的压力达到压力阈值后被冲开，使压力阈值更加合理，在提高隔离板30的隔离效果的前提下，使电池模组100的排爆响应速度更快，可以及时开启减弱区31以快速排出高压气火流，避免电池模组100出现更大程度的损伤。
根据本申请第二方面实施例的车辆，包括：上述实施例中的电池模组100。
根据本申请实施例的车辆，采用上述实施例中的电池模组100，延长热失控在电池模组100之间、电芯20之间的蔓延速度，并避免电池模组100热失控时压力无法及时排出，以提高车辆的安全性。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，“第一特征”、“第二特征”可以包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本申请的描述中，第一特征在第二特征“之上”或“之下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。
在本申请的描述中，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对 上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体(10)；
    电芯(20)，所述电芯(20)为多个且均设置在所述壳体(10)内，每个所述电芯(20)的上表面设置有防爆阀(80)；
    隔离板(30)，所述隔离板(30)设置在所述壳体(10)的上方，且所述隔离板(30)与所述防爆阀(80)正对的区域形成为减弱区(31)，所述减弱区(31)适于被经由所述防爆阀(80)喷出的气火流冲开以将所述气火流排出所述电芯(20)；
    隔离罩(50)，所述隔离罩(50)罩设在所述壳体(10)上，且所述隔离罩(50)与所述隔离板(30)在上下方向上间隔开以限定出排出通道，所述排出通道适于排出所述气火流。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，所述壳体(10)包括：侧板(11)、端板(12)以及上板(13)，所述上板(13)位于所述隔离板(30)与所述电芯(20)之间，且所述隔离板(30)与所述上板(13)贴合设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，所述减弱区(31)为非通孔，用以将未发生热失控的电芯(20)与喷出的气火流间隔开。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，所述隔离板(30)上设置有多个凹槽，每个所述凹槽形成为一个所述减弱区(31)，且所述隔离板(30)以及所述隔离罩(50)均为阻燃复合件。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，所述隔离罩(50)具有与所述排出通道连通的排出口(51)，所述排出口(51)形成在所述隔离罩(50)与所述壳体(10)的端板(12)相对的侧面上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，所述隔离罩(50)与所述端板(12)相对的侧面上设置用于与所述端板(12)固定的安装孔(52)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，紧固件通过穿设所述安装孔(52)以将隔离罩(20)固定在端板(12)上。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，所述隔离罩(50)与所述端板(12)相对的一个侧面上设置有所述排出口(51)、另一个侧面上设置有电气插接口(53)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，所述排出口(51)上设置有排出口防护帘(70)，所述电气插接口(53)上设置有电气防护帘。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，还包括：垫块(60)，所述垫块(60)位于所述隔离板(30)远离所述排出口(51)的一端，并用于将所述电气插接口(53)与所述排出通道间隔开。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，所述隔离板(30)的长度与所述隔离罩(50)的长度一致，所述垫块(60)为条状结构，所述垫块(60)的上侧面与所述隔离罩(50)贴合，所述垫块(60)的下侧面与所述隔离板(30)的上表面贴合。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，所述减弱区(31)的轮廓形状与所述防爆阀(80)的轮廓形状一致。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，所述防爆阀(80)设置在所述电芯(20)的上方；所述电芯(20)包括电芯本体(21)和电芯壳(22)，所述电芯壳(22)的底部具有敞开口且外套在所述电芯本体(21)上，所述电芯壳(22)的顶部具有安装所述防爆阀(80)的排爆孔。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的用于车辆的电池模组(100)，其特征在于，所述压力阈值为1Mpa-1.2Mpa。
  15. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括：权利要求1-14中任一项所述的电池模组(100)。
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