WO2022134260A1 - 胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法 - Google Patents

胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022134260A1
WO2022134260A1 PCT/CN2021/073781 CN2021073781W WO2022134260A1 WO 2022134260 A1 WO2022134260 A1 WO 2022134260A1 CN 2021073781 W CN2021073781 W CN 2021073781W WO 2022134260 A1 WO2022134260 A1 WO 2022134260A1
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biliverdin
formula
derivative
compound represented
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陈发普
石聿新
陈发凯
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百顺药业有限公司
武汉大鹏药业有限公司
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Priority to JP2023528162A priority Critical patent/JP2023548916A/ja
Priority to EP21908278.1A priority patent/EP4269389A1/en
Publication of WO2022134260A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022134260A1/zh
Priority to US18/206,653 priority patent/US20230312533A1/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D403/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
    • C07D403/14Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/44Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0201Oxygen-containing compounds
    • B01J31/0204Ethers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0234Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
    • B01J31/0235Nitrogen containing compounds

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  • the patent of the present invention belongs to the field of drug synthesis, and more particularly, the present invention relates to a preparation method of biliverdin or a derivative thereof.
  • Biliverdin is a tetrapyrrole ring substance obtained by the hydrolysis of heme by heme oxygenase (hemeoxygenase-1, HO-1) and ring-opening (its structure is shown in formula 8). Named for its dark green color. Biliverin is not only an intermediate metabolite of the heme metabolism circulatory system, it can also initiate physiological effects such as anti-inflammatory and immune regulation, such as improving liver function, reducing alanine aminotransferase, and reducing ischemia-reperfusion caused by liver transplantation. Injury, inhibition of vascular remodeling by neovascular intima formation, and inhibition of bovine diarrhea virus replication and other functions. Therefore, biliverdin has great potential for clinical drug use.
  • Bilirubin IX ⁇ is the main raw material for in vitro cultivation of bezoar. Biliverin IX ⁇ can be used to prepare bilirubin IX ⁇ (CN2018113118011.9). Biliverin IX ⁇ is also an important pharmaceutical intermediate.
  • the preparation of biliverdin mainly includes extraction method, chemical conversion method, enzymatic conversion method and biosynthesis method.
  • the extraction method has a very limited source of raw materials, and in addition, various isomers are easily formed during the extraction process of bilirubin, resulting in low yield and purity of the product bilirubin. It is reported that the method also produces more isomers, and the yield is low; there are currently reports on the conversion of biliverdin from heme by enzymatic conversion and biosynthesis, but the oxidative ring-opening selectivity is not high, and the source of heme Limited, high price, and not suitable for industrial production.
  • the present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art at least to a certain extent, for this purpose, the present invention provides a preparation method of biliverdin or a derivative thereof, wherein the biliverdin or a derivative thereof is composed of The compound shown in formula 2 is prepared,
  • R is hydrogen, C 1 -C 5 alkyl or benzyl; Indicates a single bond or a double bond, the position indicated by A and B is are independently selected from a single bond and a double bond, when When representing a single bond, R 1 or R 2 connected to the single bond is selected from one of p-toluenesulfonyl, p-toluenesulfinyl, benzenesulfonyl and benzenesulfinyl, when When representing a double bond, R 1 or R 2 connected to the double bond is hydrogen.
  • R is selected from H, C 1 -C 5 alkyl
  • the compound shown in the formula 2 is one of the compounds shown below,
  • the biliverdin or its derivative is prepared from the compound represented by formula 2 through a heating reaction.
  • the solvent used in the heating reaction is selected from one or more of substituted benzene, pyrrolidone, DMF and THF.
  • the reaction yield can reach 45% and above.
  • the solvent used in the heating reaction is selected from one or more of xylene, nitrobenzene, chlorobenzene, DMF and THF.
  • the reaction temperature of the heating reaction is controlled to be 100-160°C.
  • the reaction yield reaches more than 45%.
  • the reaction temperature of the heating reaction is controlled to be 130-150°C.
  • the reaction temperature is controlled at 130-150°C, the reaction is carried out in a preferred reaction solvent, and the reaction yield reaches 60% and above.
  • a catalyst needs to be added during the preparation process.
  • the catalyst is an organic base.
  • the reaction temperature is controlled to be 130-150° C., and it is carried out in a preferred reaction solvent, the reaction yield reaches 70% and above.
  • the organic base is selected from one or more of pyridine and sodium ethoxide.
  • the reaction yield reached 73% and above.
  • the biliverdin or its derivative is obtained by recrystallization and extraction.
  • the solvent used in the recrystallization is selected from one or both of ethyl acetate and ethanol.
  • the biliverdin or its derivatives are acidified and then extracted with dichloromethane to obtain
  • the preparation method of biliverdin of the present invention or its derivative is simple in process, does not require column chromatography, has high yield and low cost, and is suitable for industrialized production;
  • the preparation method of biliverdin or its derivatives of the present invention reduces the generation of biliverdin dimethyl ester or by-products close to the product and its structure in the synthesis of biliverdin, is easy to purify, and improves the product purity.
  • the raw materials for synthesizing the compound represented by formula 3, the compound represented by formula 9 and formula 10, include the following experimental groups:
  • the synthesis of the compounds represented by the raw material formula 15 and formula 16 of the synthesis formula 5 includes the following experimental groups:

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

一种胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法,其由式2所示化合物制备得到,其中,式II表示单键或双键,A、B所示位置的式II分别独立地选自单键和双键中的一种,当式II表示单键时,与该单键相连的R1或R2选自对甲苯磺酰基,对甲苯亚磺酰基、苯磺酰基和苯亚磺酰基中的一种,当式II表示双键时,与该双键相连的R1或R2为氢。胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法工艺简单,不需要柱层析方法,收率高,成本低,适合工业化生产;并且其减少了胆绿素二甲酯或胆绿素合成中产生的副产物,提高了产物纯度。

Description

胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法 技术领域
本发明专利属于药物合成领域,更具体地,本发明涉及一种胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法。
背景技术
胆绿素(biliverdin)是由血红素经血红素加氧酶(hemeoxygenase-1,HO-1)水解开环而得到的一种四吡咯环物质(其结构如式8所示),因其呈深绿色而得名。胆绿素不仅是血红素代谢循环系统的一个中间代谢产物,它还能启动抗炎和免疫调节等生理作用,如改善肝功能、降低丙氨酸转氨酶、减轻因肝脏移植导致的缺血再灌注损伤,抑制新生血管内膜形成的血管重塑,以及抑制牛腹泻病毒复制等功能。因此,胆绿素具有临床药物使用的巨大潜力。
另外胆红素IXα是体外培育牛黄的主要原料,使用胆绿素IXα可以用来制备胆红素IXα(CN2018113118011.9),胆绿素IXα也是重要的医药中间体。
目前,制备胆绿素主要有提取法、化学转化法、酶转化法和生物合成法。提取法由于原料来源十分有限,另外胆红素提取过程中容易形成多种异构体,从而导致产物胆红绿的收率和纯度较低;前有采用化学氧化血红素法制备胆绿素的报道,方法同样产生较多的异构体,收率较低;目前有采用酶转化法和生物合成法从血红素转化胆绿素的报道,但氧化开环选择性不高,且血红素来源有限,价格高,也不适合工业化生产。
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000001
通过合成方法制备胆绿素是解决胆绿素以及胆红素的重要而且有效的途径,到目前为止,仅有少量关于胆绿素合成方法的报道(K.M.Smith,R.K.Pandey,Tetrahedron,1984,40,1749~1754;E.D.Sturrock,J.R.Bullb,R.E.Kirsch,J.Labelled Compd.Rad.,1994,263~274),其以3,3'-(3,18-二氯乙基-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸 二甲酯为原料,在强碱性条件下,脱去氯化氢,得到了胆绿素二甲酯,但此方法合成双丙酸二甲酯反应步骤多,收率低,成本高。其在强碱性条件下脱氯化氢,生成大约摩尔比1:1的胆绿素二甲酯,3位和18位成环的产物,胆绿素收率低,仅有20%,此外,胆绿素二甲酯、3位和18位成环的产物需要用色谱方法分离,不适合工业化生产。
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000002
因此,寻找简短的、产物不需要经过色谱分离的、适合工业化生产的胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法显得很有必要。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一,为此,本发明提供一种胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法,所述胆绿素或其衍生物由式2所示化合物制备得到,
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000003
其中,R为氢,C 1~C 5烷基或苄基;
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000004
表示单键或双键,A、B所示位置的
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000005
分别独立地选自单键和双键中的一种,当
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000006
表示单键时,与该单键相连的R 1或R 2选自对甲苯磺酰基,对甲苯亚磺酰基、苯磺酰基和苯亚磺酰基中的一种,当
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000007
表示双键时,与该双键相连的R 1或R 2为氢。
在本发明的技术方案中,本发明制备方法制备得到的胆绿素或其衍生物的结构式如式1所示,
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000008
其中,R选自H、C 1~C 5烷基;
优选地,所述式2所示化合物为如下所示化合物中的一种,
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000009
在本发明的技术方案中,所述胆绿素或其衍生物由式2所示化合物经加热反应制备得到。
在本发明的技术方案中,所述加热反应所使用的溶剂选自取代苯、吡咯烷酮、DMF和THF中的一种或多种。当控制反应在上述溶剂中反应时,其反应收率可以达到45%及以上。
优选地,所述加热反应所使用的溶剂选自二甲苯、硝基苯、氯苯、DMF和THF中的一种或多种。
在本发明的技术方案中,控制加热反应的反应温度为100~160℃。当反应温度控制为 100~160℃时,其反应收率达到45%以上。
优选地,控制加热反应的反应温度为130~150℃。当反应温度控制为130~150℃时,配合其优选反应溶剂下进行,其反应收率达到60%及以上。
在本发明的技术方案中,制备过程中需加入催化剂。
优选地,所述催化剂为有机碱。当反应体系中添加有机碱为催化剂,并配合反应温度控制为130~150℃时,配合其在优选反应溶剂下进行,其反应收率达到70%及以上。
进一步地,所述有机碱选自吡啶、乙醇钠中的一种或多种。其反应收率达到73%及以上。
在本发明的技术方案中,反应后,所述胆绿素或其衍生物经重结晶提取得到。
优选地,所述重结晶使用的溶剂选自乙酸乙酯、乙醇中的一种或两种。
在本发明的技术方案中,反应后,所述胆绿素或其衍生物经酸化后用二氯甲烷提取得到
本发明的有益效果在于:
1、本发明胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法工艺简单,不需要柱层析方法,收率高,成本低,适合工业化生产;
2、本发明胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法减少了胆绿素二甲酯或胆绿素合成中与产物及其结构接近的副产物的产生,容易纯化,并且提高了产物纯度。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的方案进行解释。本领域技术人员将会理解,下面的实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限定本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件的,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。NMR用Bruker-AMX400核磁共振仪测定;ESI-MS用Finnigan-MAT-95质谱仪测定;所有试剂都为分析纯(国药试剂公司)。以下实施例中,1,5-二氢-4-甲基-3-(2-对甲苯硫基乙基)-5-对甲苯磺酰基-2H-2-吡咯酮(式12所示化合物)参照文献Chem.Lett.,2001,6,590~591方法制备;5-甲酰基-3-甲氧羰基乙基-4甲基吡咯酸叔丁酯(式13所示化合物),9-叔丁氧羰基-3,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2-(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式17所示化合物)参照文献Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.,1994,67,3088~3093方法制备;9-甲酰基--2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式14所示化合物),9-叔丁氧羰基-2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-(2-对甲苯硫基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式18所示化合物)参照文献J.Org.Chem.,2020,85,13015~13028方法制备;9-甲酰基--2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-乙烯基二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式15所示化合物)参照文献Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.,1998,37,13-14,1843~1846方法制备。
实施例1
称取0.92克化合物3,3'-(3,18-二(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式3所示化合物),加入40毫升二甲苯溶解,升温到135℃,保温搅拌反应2小时,降温,减压蒸去溶剂,残余物用乙酸乙酯重结晶,得蓝绿色固体0.50克,为胆绿素二酯(式7所示化合物),其收率为63%。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.89(s,3H),2.10(s,3H),2.13(s,3H),2.20(s,3H),2.56(t,J=8.1Hz,4H),2.95(t,J=8.1Hz,4H),3.69(s,6H),5.46(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),5.66(dd,J=12.0,4.0Hz,1H),5.68(dd,J=16.0,4.0Hz,1H),6.02(s,1H),6.08(s,1H),6.14(dd,J=16.0,4.0Hz,1H),6.51(dd,J=16.0,12.0Hz,1H),6.64(dd,J=16.0,12.0Hz,1H),6.81(s,1H);ESI-Mass:633.20[M+Na] +
反应式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000010
实施例2
称取0.92克化合物3,3'-(3-乙烯基-18-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式4所示化合物)为原料,加入40毫升DMF溶解,升温到130℃,保温搅拌反应2小时,降温,减压蒸去溶剂,残余物用乙酸乙酯重结晶,得蓝绿色固体,为胆绿素二酯(式7所示化合物),其收率为60%。
反应式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000011
实施例3
称取0.92克化合物3,3'-(3,18-二(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式3所示化合物),加入40毫升硝基苯溶解,升温到150℃,保温搅拌反应2小时,降温,减压蒸去溶剂,残余物用乙酸乙酯重结晶,得蓝绿色固体0.50克,为胆绿素二酯(式7所示化合物),其收率为61%。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.89(s,3H),2.10(s,3H),2.13(s,3H),2.20(s,3H),2.56(t,J=8.1Hz,4H),2.95(t,J=8.1Hz,4H),3.69(s,6H),5.46(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),5.66(dd,J=12.0,4.0Hz,1H),5.68(dd,J=16.0,4.0Hz,1H),6.02(s,1H),6.08(s,1H),6.14(dd,J=16.0,4.0Hz,1H),6.51(dd,J=16.0,12.0Hz,1H),6.64(dd,J=16.0,12.0Hz,1H),6.81(s,1H);ESI-Mass:633.20[M+Na] +
实施例4
称取0.92克化合物3,3'-(3,18-二(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式3),加入40毫升吡咯烷酮溶解,升温到135℃,保温搅拌反应2小时,降温,减压蒸去溶剂,残余物用乙酸乙酯重结晶,得蓝绿色固体0.50克,为胆绿素二酯(式7),其收率为45%。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.89(s,3H),2.10(s,3H),2.13(s,3H),2.20(s,3H),2.56(t,J=8.1Hz,4H),2.95(t,J=8.1Hz,4H),3.69(s,6H),5.46(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),5.66(dd,J=12.0,4.0Hz,1H),5.68(dd,J=16.0,4.0Hz,1H),6.02(s,1H),6.08(s,1H),6.14(dd,J=16.0,4.0Hz,1H),6.51(dd,J=16.0,12.0Hz,1H),6.64(dd,J=16.0,12.0Hz,1H),6.81(s,1H);ESI-Mass:633.20[M+Na] +
实施例5
称取0.92克化合物3,3'-(3,18-二(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式3所示化合物),加入40毫升二甲苯溶解,升温到100℃,保温搅拌反应2小时,降温,减压蒸去溶剂,残余物用乙酸乙酯重结晶,得蓝绿色固体0.50克,为胆绿素二酯(式7所示化合物),其收率为51%。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.89(s,3H),2.10(s,3H),2.13(s,3H),2.20(s,3H),2.56(t,J=8.1Hz,4H),2.95(t,J=8.1Hz,4H),3.69(s,6H),5.46(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),5.66(dd,J=12.0,4.0Hz,1H),5.68(dd,J=16.0,4.0Hz,1H),6.02(s,1H),6.08(s,1H),6.14(dd,J=16.0,4.0Hz,1H),6.51(dd,J=16.0,12.0Hz,1H),6.64(dd,J=16.0,12.0Hz,1H),6.81(s,1H);ESI-Mass:633.20[M+Na]+。
实施例6
称取0.92克化合物3,3'-(3-乙烯基-18-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式4所示化合物)为原料,加入40毫升DMF溶解,升温到160℃,保温搅拌反应2小时,降温,减压蒸去溶剂,残余物用乙酸乙酯重结晶,得蓝绿色固体,为胆绿素二酯(式7所示化合物),其收率为49%。
实施例7
称取0.92克化合物3,3'-(3,18-二(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式3所示化合物),加入40毫升二甲苯溶解,加入10毫升吡啶作为催化剂,升温到135℃,保温搅拌反应2小时,降温,减压蒸去溶剂,残余物用乙酸乙酯重结晶,得蓝绿色固体0.50克,为胆绿素二酯(式7所示化合物),其收率为73%。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.89(s,3H),2.10(s,3H),2.13(s,3H),2.20(s,3H),2.56(t,J=8.1Hz,4H),2.95(t,J=8.1Hz,4H),3.69(s,6H),5.46(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),5.66(dd,J=12.0,4.0Hz,1H),5.68(dd,J=16.0,4.0Hz,1H),6.02(s,1H),6.08(s,1H),6.14(dd,J=16.0,4.0Hz,1H),6.51(dd,J=16.0,12.0Hz,1H),6.64(dd,J=16.0,12.0Hz,1H),6.81(s,1H);ESI-Mass:633.20[M+Na] +
实施例8
称取0.92克化合物3,3'-(3-乙烯基-18-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式4所示化合物)为原料,加入40毫升DMF溶解,加入10毫升吡啶作为催化剂,升温到130℃,保温搅拌反应2小时,降温,减压蒸去溶剂,残余物用乙酸乙酯重结晶,得蓝绿色固体,为胆绿素二酯(式7所示化合物),其收率为74%。
实施例9
称取0.92克化合物3,3'-(3,18-二(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式5所示化合物),加入40毫升无水THF溶解,再加入溶解于10毫升叔丁醇的0.93克叔丁醇钠,升温到135℃,保温搅拌2小时,降温,减压蒸去溶剂,残余物中加水,稀盐酸酸化,二氯甲烷提取,得蓝绿色固体0.50克,为 胆绿素(式8所示化合物),其收率为74%。谱图数据同文献Monatshr.Chem.,1989,120,575-580.
反应式如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000012
实施例10
称取0.77克化合物3,3'-(3-乙烯基-18-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式6所示化合物),加入35毫升无水THF溶解,再加入溶解于10毫升叔丁醇的0.93克叔丁醇钾,升温到135℃,保温搅拌2小时,降温,减压蒸去溶剂,残余物中加水,稀盐酸酸化,二氯甲烷提取,得蓝绿色固体0.40克,为胆绿素(式8所示化合物),其收率为69%。谱图数据同文献Monatshr.Chem.,1989,120,575–580;
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000013
实施例11
(1)式3所示化合物的合成方法
化合物3,3'-(3,18-二(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式3所示化合物)的合成方法:
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000014
称取1.00克9-叔丁氧羰基-3,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式9所示化合物),20℃下,加入10ml三氟乙酸,搅拌30min,加入0.87克化合物9-甲酰基-2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式10所示化合物),在温度为35℃下搅拌10小时,加入20ml二氯甲烷溶解,碳酸氢钠中和到pH7,分出有机层,饱和碳酸氢钠洗涤至中性,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,乙醇重结晶得蓝绿色固体1.19克,即为3,3'-(3,18-二(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式3所示化合物),收率72%。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.52(s,3H),1.93(s,3H),1.95(s,3H),1.99(s,3H),2.34(s,3H),2.40(s,3H),2.51~2.65(m,6H),2.87(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.96(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.27(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.66(s,3H),3.67(s,3H),5.55(s,1H),5.75(s,1H),6.66(s,1H),7.14(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.30(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.33(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.76(d,J=8.0Hz,2H);ESI-Mass:891.34[M+1] +
合成式3所示化合物的原料式9、式10所示化合物的合成包括如下实验组:
实验组1:9-叔丁氧羰基--3,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式9所示化合物)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000015
称取5.24克化合物式11,投入反应瓶中,用30ml二氯甲烷溶解,降温到0℃,分批加入2.40克85%的间氯过氧苯甲酸,室温搅拌3小时后亚硫酸氢钠饱和溶液洗涤,分出有机层后依次用饱和食盐水,水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,得黄色固体4.97克,即为9-叔丁氧羰基--3,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式9所示化合物),收率92%。直接用于下一步反应。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.57(s,9H),2.08 (s,3H),2.15(s,3H),2.30(s,3H),2.54(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.80(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.03(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),3.17(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.70(s,3H),6.00(s,1H),7.03(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.23(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),9.89(s,1H),10.20(s,1H);ESI-Mass:563.25[M+Na] +
实验组2:9-叔丁氧羰基--3,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2-(2-对甲苯硫基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式11所示化合物)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000016
在氮气保护下,10.50克化合物式12和14.85克式13混合,用250ml无水THF溶解,依次加入16.55克三正丁基磷,6.50克DBU,室温搅拌12小时后加入1.0克固体碘,继续室温搅拌12小时,减压浓缩,剩余物中加入20ml乙醇,析出固体,抽滤,乙醇洗涤,得黄色固体13.60克,即为9-叔丁氧羰基--3,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2-(2-对甲苯硫基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式11所示化合物),收率73。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.56(s,9H),2.07(s,3H),2.13(s,3H),2.28(s,3H),2.54(t,J=8.1Hz,2H),2.80(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),3.03(t,J=8.1Hz,2H),3.15(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),3.70(s,3H),6.00(s,1H),7.03(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.23(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),9.89(s,1H),10.18(s,1H),10.71(s,1H);ESI-Mass:446.20[M+Na] +
实验组3:9-甲酰基--3,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式10所示化合物)的合成
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000017
称取5.00克(9.3mmol)化合物9-叔丁氧羰基--2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式14所示化合物),用20毫升三氟乙酸溶解,室温搅拌30分钟后加入20毫升原甲酸三甲酯,继续室温搅拌1小时,加水,二氯甲烷提取,饱和碳酸氢钠洗涤至中性,水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,乙醇重结晶,得黄色固体2.24克,即为9-甲酰基--3,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式10所示化合物),收率55%。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.93(s,3H),2.07(s,3H),2.43 (s,3H),2.56(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.66~2.70(m,1H),2.88~2.92(m,1H),2.95~3.10(m,4H),3.65(s,3H),5.98(s,1H),7.34(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.51(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),9.72(s,1H),10.78(s,1H),10.91(s,1H);ESI-Mass:491.22[M+Na] +
(2)式4所示化合物的合成方法
3,3'-(3-乙烯基-18-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式4所示化合物)的合成
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000018
称取1.00克9-叔丁氧羰基-3,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式9所示化合物),20℃下,加入10ml三氟乙酸,搅拌30min,加入0.617克化合物9-甲酰基-2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-乙烯基二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式15),在温度为35℃下搅拌10小时,加入20ml二氯甲烷溶解,碳酸氢钠中和到pH7,分出有机层,饱和碳酸氢钠洗涤至中性,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,乙醇重结晶得蓝绿色固体0.93克,即为3,3'-(3-乙烯基-18-(2-对甲苯亚磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式4所示化合物),收率66%。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.70(s,3H),2.02(s,3H),2.04(s,3H),2.10(s,3H),2.39(s,3H),2.52~2.55(m,4H),2.73~2.78(m,2H),2.86~2.89(m,4H),3.03~3.08(m,2H),3.68(s,3H),5.59(d,J=17.1,1H),5.61(d,J=10.5,1H),5.81(s,1H),5.87(s,1H),6.53(dd,J=17.1,11.6Hz,1H),6.65(s,1H),7.29(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.57(d,J=8.2Hz,2H);ESI-Mass:751.95[M+1] +
(3)式5化合物的合成
3,3'-(3,18-二(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式5所示化合物)的合成
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000019
称取1.00克9-叔丁氧羰基--3,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2-(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式15),用5毫升三氟乙酸溶解,在温度为25℃下搅拌30分钟后加入0.87克9-甲酰基-2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮,在温度为25℃下搅拌10小时,减压浓缩,二氯甲烷溶解,饱和碳酸氢钠洗涤至中性,分出有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,乙醇重结晶得蓝绿色固体0.91克,收率55%。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.52(s,3H),1.93(s,3H),1.95(s,3H),1.99(s,3H),2.34(s,3H),2.40(s,3H),2.51~2.65(m,6H),2.87(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.96(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.27(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.66(s,3H),3.67(s,3H),5.55(s,1H),5.75(s,1H),6.66(s,1H),7.14(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.30(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.33(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.76(d,J=8.0Hz,2H);ESI-Mass:945.34[M+Na] +
合成式5的原料式15、式16所示化合物的合成包括如下实验组:
实验组1:9-甲酰基-2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式16)的合成
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000020
称取5.56克(10.0mmol)化合物9-叔丁氧羰基--2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式17所示化合物),用20毫升三氟乙酸溶解,室温搅拌30分钟后加入20毫升原甲酸三甲酯,继续室温搅拌1小时,加水,二氯甲烷提取,饱和碳酸氢钠洗涤至中性,水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,乙醇重结晶,得黄色固体2.24克,即为9-甲酰基--3,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2-(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式16所示化合物),收率50%。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.93(s,3H),2.07(s,3H),2.43(s,3H),2.56(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.66~2.70(m,1H),2.88~2.92(m,1H),2.95~3.10(m,4H),3.65(s,3H), 5.98(s,1H),7.34(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.51(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),9.72(s,1H),10.78(s,1H),10.91(s,1H);ESI-Mass:507.18[M+Na] +
实验组2:9-叔丁氧羰基-2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式17)的合成:
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000021
称取5.20克9-叔丁氧羰基-2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-(2-对甲苯硫基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式18所示化合物),投入反应瓶中,用40毫升甲醇溶解,再加入11克30%的间氯过氧苯甲酸,70℃保温搅拌5小时后,降温,减压浓缩,二氯甲烷溶解,亚硫酸氢钠饱和溶液洗涤,分出有机层后依次用饱和食盐水,水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,得黄色固体5.17克,即为9-叔丁氧羰基-2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式17所示化合物),收率94%。直接用于下一步反应。 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3):δ1.55(s,9H),1.93(s,3H),2.08(s,3H),2.42(s,3H),2.58(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.66~2.71(m,1H),2.87~2.90(m,1H),2.96~3.10(m,4H),3.66(s,3H),5.97(s,1H),7.35(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.53(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),9.73(s,1H),10.78(s,1H),10.91(s,1H);ESI-Mass:579.32[M+Na] +
(4)式6所示化合物的合成方法
3,3'-(3-乙烯基-18-(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式6所示化合物)的合成
Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-000022
称取1.00克9-叔丁氧羰基-3,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-2-(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式17所示化合物),20℃下,加入10ml三氟乙酸,搅拌30min,加入0.617克化合物9-甲酰基-2,7-二甲基-8-(2-甲氧羰基乙基)-3-乙烯基二吡咯甲烯-1-酮(式15所示化合物),在温度为35℃下搅拌10小时,加入20ml二氯甲烷溶解,碳酸氢钠中和到pH7,分出有机层,饱和碳酸氢钠洗涤至中性,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,乙醇重结晶得蓝绿色固体0.93克,即为3,3'-(3-乙烯基-18-(2-对甲苯磺酰基乙基)-2,7,13,17-四甲基-1,19-二氧代-1,19,22,24-四氢-21H-8,12-卟啉基)-双丙酸二甲酯(式6所示化合物),收率66%。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述胆绿素或其衍生物由式2所示化合物制备得到,
    Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-100001
    其中,R为氢,C 1~C 5烷基或苄基;
    Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-100002
    表示单键或双键,A、B所示位置的
    Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-100003
    分别独立地选自单键和双键中的一种,当
    Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-100004
    表示单键时,与该单键相连的R 1或R 2选自对甲苯磺酰基,对甲苯亚磺酰基、苯磺酰基和苯亚磺酰基中的一种,当
    Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-100005
    表示双键时,与该双键相连的R 1或R 2为氢。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述胆绿素或其衍生物的结构式如式1所示,
    Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-100006
    其中,R为氢,C 1~C 5烷基或苄基。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述式2所示化合物为如下所示化合物中的一种,
    Figure PCTCN2021073781-appb-100007
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述胆绿素或其衍生物由式2所示化合物经加热反应制备得到。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述加热反应所使用的溶剂选自取代苯、吡咯烷酮、DMF和THF中的一种或多种。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述加热反应所使用的溶剂选自二甲苯、硝基苯、氯苯、DMF和THF中的一种或多种。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,控制加热反应的反应温度为100~160℃。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,制备过程中需加入催化剂。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂为有机碱。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的胆绿素或其衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述有机碱选自吡啶、乙醇钠中的一种或两种。
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