WO2022127169A1 - 摄像装置、车辆和后视镜 - Google Patents

摄像装置、车辆和后视镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022127169A1
WO2022127169A1 PCT/CN2021/113765 CN2021113765W WO2022127169A1 WO 2022127169 A1 WO2022127169 A1 WO 2022127169A1 CN 2021113765 W CN2021113765 W CN 2021113765W WO 2022127169 A1 WO2022127169 A1 WO 2022127169A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
camera device
light
lens
infrared lamp
housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/113765
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李激光
苏水静
吴佳杰
孙牵宇
许亮
Original Assignee
上海商汤临港智能科技有限公司
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Application filed by 上海商汤临港智能科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海商汤临港智能科技有限公司
Publication of WO2022127169A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022127169A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/04—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted inside vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
    • B60R11/04—Mounting of cameras operative during drive; Arrangement of controls thereof relative to the vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/51—Housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/54—Mounting of pick-up tubes, electronic image sensors, deviation or focusing coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/56—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof provided with illuminating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
    • B60R2011/0001—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position
    • B60R2011/0003—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position inside the vehicle
    • B60R2011/0033—Rear-view mirrors

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of camera devices, and more particularly, to a camera device for the interior of a vehicle (eg, a vehicle interior), a vehicle including the camera device, and a rearview mirror including the camera device.
  • a possible solution is to use a camera device to take pictures and/or record videos.
  • how to obtain high-quality pictures is also an urgent problem to be solved in the art.
  • the present disclosure provides a camera device capable of effectively recording the state of a photographed object, a vehicle including the camera device, and a rearview mirror including the camera device.
  • a camera device which is characterized by comprising a housing and an optical sensor assembly, a lens, and a light shield mounted on the housing,
  • the light hood has a through hole arranged along the optical axis direction of the lens, and the light hood is respectively connected to the lens and the optical sensor assembly at two ends of the through hole along the optical axis direction. contact.
  • the housing is formed with a lens mounting barrel, the lens mounting barrel having the lens embedded in a region of the lens mounting barrel close to the outside of the housing in the optical axis direction, the lens mounting barrel
  • the light shield is embedded in the region of the optical axis close to the inner cavity of the casing.
  • the light shield is in an interference fit with both the lens and the optical sensor assembly in the optical axis direction, and the light shield is in an interference fit with the lens mounting barrel in the radial direction.
  • the optical sensor assembly includes a sensor and a main board, the sensor is mounted on a side of the main board facing the lens,
  • the light shield is abutted against the main board at one axial end of the through hole, and the sensor is housed in the light shield.
  • the mainboard is provided with a connector for transmitting signals with the outside world.
  • the connector is a high-speed data connector.
  • the connector partially protrudes from the housing from one side of the housing.
  • the lens is screwed to the housing.
  • the camera device further includes an infrared lamp assembly installed in the housing, the infrared lamp assembly is disposed outside the light shield, the infrared lamp assembly is configured according to the optical
  • the sensor component selectively provides infrared light for supplementary light according to the sensing result of the ambient light intensity.
  • the housing includes a protruding portion, the infrared lamp assembly is disposed in the protruding portion, the protruding portion is formed with an opening along the optical axis direction, and the infrared lamp assembly The light-emitting portion of the device is exposed at least partially from the opening.
  • a filter is provided at the opening, and the light transmittance of the filter to light with a wavelength of 850 nm to 1100 nm is not less than 90%, and/or
  • a flange portion is also formed at the opening, and the flange portion covers the outer peripheral portion of the optical filter.
  • the infrared lamp assembly includes an infrared lamp and a plate-shaped infrared lamp circuit board, and the infrared lamp circuit board is partially in contact with the housing.
  • the peripheral portion of the infrared lamp circuit board is in contact with the casing, and/or the area of the contact area between the infrared lamp circuit board and the casing is not smaller than the infrared lamp circuit board 1/4 of the surface area; and/or a shielding block surrounding the infrared lamp is arranged in the housing.
  • the mainboard controls the sensor to select an additive color mode to capture a color image when the light intensity is greater than a threshold, and to select an infrared mode to capture a black and white image when the light intensity is less than the threshold.
  • the camera device is used to provide image basis for at least one of the following identification functions:
  • Identify the subject's identity identify the subject's age, identify the subject's expression, identify whether there is a target object within the shooting range, and identify whether there are leftover objects within the shooting range.
  • a vehicle including a camera device provided in a vehicle cabin, the camera device being the camera device according to the present disclosure.
  • the camera device is arranged above a rear-view mirror in the vehicle cabin, and/or
  • the camera device is installed at the position of the reading light in the cabin.
  • a shield is provided in the cabin, and the camera device is at least partially housed in the shield;
  • the shield is fixedly connected to the ceiling above the rear-view mirror in the vehicle compartment, and/or the shield is fixedly connected to the housing of the reading lamp in the vehicle compartment.
  • a clip is formed on the shield, and the clip is fixedly clipped with a mounting structure in the vehicle cabin.
  • a rear-view mirror comprising: a rear-view mirror main body and a camera device according to the present disclosure, the rear-view mirror main body and the camera device being detachably connected.
  • the in-cabin camera device has a simple structure, and the captured images are of high quality.
  • the vehicle according to the present disclosure can effectively record and/or recognize images in the vehicle.
  • the rear view mirror according to the present disclosure has a camera function.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a camera device according to the present disclosure being installed on a roof of a vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the camera device according to the present disclosure being installed in the shield, and only the upper half of the shield is shown in the figure.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of a camera device according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic view of a camera device according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of an image pickup apparatus according to the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 the camera device according to the present disclosure will be described. It should be understood that, in the present disclosure, “photography” includes shooting video and shooting photos.
  • the camera device 10 may be installed, for example, at a top position in a vehicle cabin.
  • the camera device 10 can be installed on the reading light L, for example.
  • the front and rear of the rearview mirror M; for another example, the camera device 10 can be installed on the upper part of the rearview mirror M, in this case, the camera device 10 belongs to a part of the rearview mirror, for example, the camera device 10 and the rearview mirror main body can be Removably connected; for another example, the camera device 10 can be installed on the roof C above the rearview mirror M; for another example, the camera device 10 can be fixedly connected to the housing of the reading light L. Above the rear-view mirror or at the position of the reading light, the camera device 10 can conveniently take pictures of a larger area in the vehicle. When the camera device 10 is connected to the rearview mirror M, the space in the vehicle can be saved, and the fixing of the camera device 10 is also facilitated.
  • the camera device 10 is partially surrounded by a shield S.
  • the camera device 10 is mounted at an angle such that the axis (ie, the optical axis direction) of the lens 12 (described further below) is inclined slightly downward relative to the horizontal so that the seats of the occupants in the vehicle cabin are within their imaging field of view.
  • the shield S plays a role of protecting the camera device 10
  • the upper part of the shield S is provided with two buckles S1.
  • the clip S1 is mounted on the shield S by screws, or the clip S1 is integrally formed with the shield S and belongs to a part of the shield S.
  • the manufacturing material of the buckle S1 includes plastic.
  • an engaging portion that can be matched with the snap S1 is reserved on the roof C. Through the cooperation between the snap portion and the snap S1, the cover S fixes and installs the camera device 10 on the roof C of the vehicle.
  • the snap connection has a simple connection structure and is easy to install.
  • the shield S surrounds most of the camera device 10, only the lens 12 and the opening 111b for supplementing the infrared illumination described below are exposed, which is beneficial to improve the imaging quality and reduce the impact of refracted or reflected light from the outside world. Imaging effects.
  • the camera device 10 has the functions of recording video (referred to as video recording) and taking pictures (referred to as photographing).
  • the camera device 10 is used as a part of an occupant monitoring system (OMS, Occupant Monitoring System) to provide intelligent control functions for the vehicle, in this case, the camera device 10 is also referred to as an OMS camera device.
  • OMS occupant monitoring system
  • the camera device 10 can be used for taking pictures of the whole vehicle, identification of occupants (including gender), age identification, emotion identification, video recording, identification of children or items left behind, and anti-theft control.
  • the camera device 10 includes a housing 11 , a lens 12 , an infrared lamp assembly 13 , a filter 14 , an optical sensor assembly 15 and a light shield 16 .
  • the housing 11 includes a front case 111 and a rear case 112 , and the front case 111 and the rear case 112 are connected together by screws 18 .
  • the front direction of the vehicle is usually taken as the front.
  • the imaging device 10 usually the side where the lens 12 of the imaging device 10 is located or the photographing direction of the imaging device 10 is the front.
  • the front case 111 is formed with a lens port 111a and an opening 111b.
  • the lens port 111 a is used to mount the lens 12
  • the opening 111 b is used to allow infrared rays for supplementary light to be emitted from the casing 11 .
  • the opening 111b is provided along the optical axis direction of the lens.
  • the lens port 111a and the opening 111b are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, that is, the centers of the two are located at the same horizontal height.
  • the lens mount 111a has a circular shape, and the lens mount 111a is provided with a lens mount barrel t.
  • the lens 12 is embedded in the lens mounting barrel t, and the lens 12 is located in an area of the lens mounting barrel t that is close to the outside of the housing 11 in the optical axis direction.
  • the lens mounting barrel t includes an inner barrel t1 located in the inner cavity of the housing 11 and an outer barrel t2 protruding forward.
  • a part of the inner wall of the lens mounting barrel t in the axial direction is provided with threads, and the area of the inner wall of the lens mounting barrel t that is close to the end of the inner cavity of the housing 11 is a smooth area without threads (this will be further explained below). effect of smooth areas).
  • the mounting part of the lens 12 has an external thread matched with the internal thread of the lens mounting barrel t, and the lens 12 and the housing 11 are connected by a thread.
  • the threaded connection is not only convenient for the installation of the lens 12 , but also for adjusting the position of the lens 12 in the axial direction of the mounting barrel t, that is, for the focusing of the lens 12 .
  • the lens 12 is adjusted by the AA (Active Alignment, active alignment) process technology to ensure the accuracy of the installation position of the lens 12, or in other words, the optical axis of the lens 12 is not skewed, and the output image has Consistency, no serious image distortion, no serious pixel drift.
  • glue such as UV glue, also known as shadowless glue or UV curing glue
  • UV glue also known as shadowless glue or UV curing glue
  • the area where the opening 111b is located is a protruding portion on the front case 111 , and the protruding portion accommodates the infrared lamp assembly 13 .
  • the opening 111b is, for example, in a rectangular shape or an approximate rectangular shape, and may also be in a circular shape, which is not particularly limited here.
  • the light-emitting portion of the infrared lamp assembly 13 is exposed at least partially from the opening 111b, so that the infrared light can be emitted out of the casing 11, so as to supplement the light for the photographed object.
  • the optical filter 14 is installed at the opening 111b.
  • the filter 14 is used to filter visible light and transmit infrared light.
  • the filter 14 is a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA, also known as acrylic) material that can transmit infrared light with a wavelength of 940 nm.
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • the light transmittance of the filter 14 for light with wavelengths of 400 nm to 750 nm is not more than 1%, and the light transmittance for light with wavelengths from 850 nm to 1100 nm is not less than 90%. Therefore, the camera device 10 can capture a clear black and white image in the infrared mode.
  • the infrared lamp assembly 13 is installed on the inner side of the filter 14 (that is, on the side close to the inner cavity of the housing 11 ), and the infrared lamp assembly 13 is disposed outside the hood 16 described below, thereby preventing the infrared lamp assembly 13 from emitting light. Infrared light is irradiated to the sensor 152 through the interior of the housing 11 to improve the sensing result of the sensor 152 on the intensity of the light from the photographed object (further explanation will be given when the light hood 16 is introduced below).
  • the infrared lamp assembly 13 is an assembled printed circuit board (PCBA) on which the infrared lamp 131 is mounted, and the main body of the infrared lamp assembly 13 is a plate-shaped infrared lamp circuit board 130 .
  • the infrared light 131 is an LED light.
  • the infrared lamp circuit board 130 is fixed inside the front case 111 by screws 17, and the peripheral area of the infrared lamp circuit board 130 is in contact with the connecting part (not shown) inside the front case 111, so that the infrared lamp circuit
  • the heat of the plate 130 is conducted to the outside of the imaging device 10 via the casing 11 .
  • the fabrication material of the housing 11 includes a material with high thermal conductivity (for example, aluminum alloy, optionally an aluminum alloy with a grade of ADC12), so that the heat generated by the infrared lamp circuit board 130 can be quickly transferred to the housing 11 Therefore, the infrared lamp circuit board 130 can effectively dissipate heat.
  • the contact area between the infrared lamp circuit board 130 and the front case 111 accounts for at least 1/4 or at least 1/3 of the surface area of the infrared lamp circuit board 130 , thereby further accelerating the heat dissipation speed.
  • the camera device 10 can be installed in a position close to the reading light L in the vehicle cabin, which makes the light emitted by the infrared lamp 131 easily reflected at the reading light L and further reaches the sensor 152 of the optical sensor assembly 15.
  • the sensor 152 affects the light intensity. measurement, resulting in stray light in the collected picture and dim imaging brightness.
  • an inwardly folded flange portion f is formed at the opening 111b of the front case 111 to limit the irradiation range of the infrared lamp 131 .
  • the flange portion f covers the outer peripheral portion of the filter 14, so that the light emitted by the infrared lamp 131 is not directly emitted to the outside of the imaging device through the gap between the filter 14 and the opening 111b.
  • a cylindrical blocking block surrounding the infrared lamp 131 may be provided in the casing 11 to limit the irradiation range of the infrared lamp 131 and prevent the infrared light from being irradiated through the interior of the casing 11 to sensor 152 .
  • the manufacturing material of the blocking block is, for example, EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene rubber).
  • the optical sensor assembly 15 is mounted on the inner side of the infrared lamp circuit board 130 (the side facing away from the opening 111b).
  • optical sensor assembly 15 includes sensor 152 and motherboard 150 .
  • the optical sensor assembly 15 is an assembled printed circuit board (PCBA) on which the sensor 152 is mounted, and the main body of the optical sensor assembly 15 is a plate-shaped main board 150 .
  • PCBA printed circuit board
  • the mainboard 150 is installed between the front case 111 and the rear case 112 and is in contact with both the front case 111 and the rear case 112 .
  • the inner wall of the front case 111 at the end connected with the rear case 112 is partially concave to form a card slot, and the main board 150 is embedded in the card slot, and is formed by the front case 111 and the front case 111 on both sides respectively.
  • the rear case 112 is abutted and positioned.
  • the sensor 152 is installed on the side of the main board 150 facing the lens 12 , and the sensor 152 is disposed facing the lens 12 .
  • the sensor 152 is used to measure the intensity of the light, and the measured value of the light intensity provides a control basis for turning on the infrared lamp 131 .
  • the infrared lamp circuit board 130 is electrically connected to the main board 150, for example, the two are connected to each other through a PIN pin (also called a pin) connector.
  • the main board 150 can choose to use the RGB mode (also known as the additive color mode) or the IR (Infrared Radiation, ie infrared or infrared) mode according to the light intensity. Specifically, when the light intensity is sufficient (for example, during the day), the main board 150 enables In RGB mode, color images are collected; when the light intensity is insufficient (eg, at night, cloudy, or in a tunnel), the main board 150 enables the IR mode, the infrared lamps 131 perform supplementary light, and the camera device 10 collects black and white images.
  • the initial mode or the default mode of the camera device 10 is the RGB mode.
  • a light shield 16 is provided between the lens 12 and the main board 150 .
  • the hood 16 has a cylindrical shape, and a through hole is formed in the middle.
  • the hood 16 is nested in the lens mounting barrel t. Specifically, in the optical axis direction, the hood 16 is located in the inner cavity of the lens mounting barrel t, which is close to the housing 11.
  • the hood 16 is matched with the smooth area on the inner circumference of the lens mounting barrel t which is not provided with threads. Therefore, the hood 16 can shield the light inside the lens 12, reduce the light not from the lens 12 collected by the sensor 152, and reduce the influence on the image quality and the accuracy of the sensor to sense the ambient light intensity.
  • the two ends of the hood 16 in the axial direction are respectively abutted against the lens 12 and the sensor assembly 15 (specifically, the main board 150 ), so as to form a relatively closed space between the lens and the main board 150 , which is the sensor 152 Blocks light that does not come from the lens 12 .
  • the hood 16 is in an interference fit with the lens mounting barrel t in the radial direction, and is in an interference fit with the lens 12 and the optical sensor assembly 15 in the axial direction.
  • the light shield 16 abuts on the main board 150 at one axial end of the through hole in the middle thereof, and the sensor 152 is housed in the light shield 16 . Further, the stray light in other areas can be blocked by the light shield 16, thereby reducing the influence on the imaging quality and the accuracy of the sensor for sensing the ambient light intensity.
  • the end of the light shielding cover 16 close to the main plate 150 satisfies that the radial dimension of the light shielding cover 16 is larger as the position is closer to the main plate 150 in the axial direction.
  • This enables the lens hood 16 to be deformed in a tendency to be folded in the outer peripheral direction when it is pressed against the main board 150 to more closely fit the lens mounting barrel t and the main board 150 .
  • the material for making the light shield 16 includes silica gel, and the light shield 16 is opaque.
  • the lens hood 16 provides support for the lens 12 in the axial direction to prevent the lens 12 from skewing; on the other hand, the lens hood 16 provides a sealed environment for the lens 12 in the housing 11 to reduce dust and moisture from adhering to the interior of the lens. On the other hand, the hood 16 can prevent stray light from entering the lens 12 from the gap between the lens mounting barrel t and the main board 150 or irradiating the sensor 152 to affect the image quality.
  • the main board 150 is also connected with a connector 151 , such as an HSD (High Speed Data) connector, which can be connected to an external domain controller such as a domain controller to supply power to the camera 10 and transmit signals between the camera 10 and the domain controller.
  • a connector 151 such as an HSD (High Speed Data) connector, which can be connected to an external domain controller such as a domain controller to supply power to the camera 10 and transmit signals between the camera 10 and the domain controller.
  • the connector 151 is disposed between the main board 150 and the rear case 112 .
  • a connector 151 partially protrudes from the housing 11 from one side of the housing 11 to facilitate connection to, for example, a domain controller.
  • the domain controller and the multimedia host perform image display, playback, preview and data sharing through Ethernet.
  • the camera device 10 may be in a normally-on state to record images in the vehicle cabin in real time; or, at least during the driving process of the vehicle and for a period of time after the vehicle stops moving; crash or breakage).
  • the camera device 10 can select different working modes. In the case of sufficient light, the imaging device 10 uses the additive color mode to capture images; in the case of insufficient light, the image capture device 10 uses the infrared mode to capture images.
  • the images collected by the camera device 10 can be used to respectively provide image or video data for the analysis of the corresponding scene.
  • the camera device 10 can record images or videos of the cabin environment, identify the state of the cabin, and identify the identity, age, mood or expression (including, for example, happy and angry) of the passenger (or the photographed subject). , sadness, surprise and calm, etc.).
  • an image or video of the cabin environment can be recorded to identify the status of the cabin, for example, to identify whether there are left items, children or pets, and to identify the behavior of stealing items in the cabin.
  • the present disclosure also provides a traveling tool, such as a vehicle, a boat, or an airplane, including the above-mentioned camera device.
  • the present disclosure also provides a rear-view mirror including the above-mentioned camera device, which includes a rear-view mirror body and a camera device, and the camera device is detachably connected to the rear-view mirror body.
  • the installation of the camera device in the rearview mirror can save space in the car, and the detachable connection method also facilitates the installation and maintenance of the camera device.
  • the camera device can perform, for example: taking pictures of the entire vehicle cabin, recording videos, recording the interaction of the entire vehicle, identifying the identity (including gender), age, and emotion of the photographed object, identifying leftover children or items, providing Anti-theft and other functions to meet the needs of different consumers.
  • the imaging device 10 can automatically determine the light intensity, and use an infrared lamp to perform supplementary light when the light is insufficient, and the infrared light used for supplementary light is not easily irradiated to the lighting lamps in the cabin to generate stray light Phenomenon.
  • the captured images are of high quality.
  • the lens of the imaging device 10 is provided with a light hood 16, which not only provides support for the imaging device 10, but also plays a role of sealing the interior of the imaging device 10, and can also prevent stray light from being irradiated. to the sensor 152 located inside the hood 16, so that the captured image is clear and high in quality.

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  • Multimedia (AREA)
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Abstract

本公开提供一种摄像装置、车辆和后视镜。摄像装置包括壳体和安装于所述壳体的光学传感器组件、镜头以及遮光罩，所述遮光罩具有沿所述镜头的光轴方向设置的通孔，所述遮光罩在所述通孔的沿所述光轴方向的两个端部分别与所述镜头和所述光学传感器组件相接触。根据本公开的摄像装置结构简单、拍摄的影像画面质量高。

Description

摄像装置、车辆和后视镜
相关申请的引用
本发明要求2020年12月18日在中国提交的，名称为“摄像装置、车辆和后视镜”、申请号为202011510856.5的发明专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及摄像装置领域，更特别地涉及用于行驶工具内部(例如车辆内部)的摄像装置和包括该摄像装置的车辆，以及包括该摄像装置的后视镜。
背景技术
随着人工智能的发展，基于视觉技术的分析和决策被应用在越来越多的领域。例如在车辆领域，出现了各种基于图像或视频等信息的应用或功能，例如自动驾驶、人车智能交互、座舱娱乐、汽车共享租赁安全和汽车主动安全等。
然而，对于车内人员活动的识别和记录，还缺少较佳的解决方案。
一种可能的解决方案是使用摄像装置进行拍照和/或视频录制，然而，如何获取高质量的画面也是本领域亟待解决的问题。
公开内容
本公开提供一种能有效记录拍摄对象的状态的摄像装置和包括该摄像装置的车辆，以及包括该摄像装置的后视镜。
根据本公开的第一方面，提供一种摄像装置，其特征在于，包括壳体和安装于所述壳体的光学传感器组件、镜头以及遮光罩，
所述遮光罩具有沿所述镜头的光轴方向设置的通孔，所述遮光罩在所述通孔的沿所述光轴方向的两个端部分别与所述镜头和所述光学传感器组件相接触。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述壳体形成有镜头安装筒，所述镜头安装筒的在所述光轴方向上靠近所述壳体的外部的区域嵌有所述镜头，所述镜头安装筒的在所述光轴方向上靠近所述壳体的内腔的区域嵌有所述遮光罩。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述遮光罩在所述光轴方向上与所述镜头和所述光学传感器组件均过盈配合，所述遮光罩在径向上与所述镜头安装筒过盈配合。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述光学传感器组件包括传感器和主板，所述传感器安装于所述主板的朝向所述镜头的一侧，
所述遮光罩在所述通孔的轴向一端抵接到所述主板，所述传感器被罩设于所述遮光罩内。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述主板设有用于与外界传输信号的接头。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述接头为高速数据连接器。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述接头从所述壳体的一个侧面部分地伸出所述壳体。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述镜头与所述壳体螺纹连接。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述摄像装置还包括安装于所述壳体内的红外灯组件，所述红外灯组件设置于所述遮光罩的外部，所述红外灯组件被配置为根据所述光学传感器组件对环境光照强度的感测结果而选择性地提供红外光以进行补光。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述壳体包括凸出部，所述红外灯组件设置于所述凸出部内，所述凸出部形成有沿所述光轴方向的开口，所述红外灯组件的发光部至少部分从所述开口露出。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述开口处设有滤光片，所述滤光片对波长为850nm至1100nm的光的透光率不小于90％，和/或
所述开口处还形成有法兰部，所述法兰部覆盖所述滤光片的外周部分。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述红外灯组件包括红外灯和板状的红外灯电路板，所述红外灯电路板部分地与所述壳体相接触。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述红外灯电路板的外周部分与所述壳体接触，和/或所述红外灯电路板和所述壳体的接触区域的面积不小于所述红外灯电路板的表面积的1/4；和/或所述壳体内设置有环绕所述红外灯的遮挡块。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述主板控制所述传感器在光照强度大于阈值的情况下，选择使用加色模式采集彩色图像，以及在光照强度小于阈值的情况下，选择使用红外模式采集黑白图像。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述摄像装置用于为以下至少一种识别功能提供图像依据：
识别拍摄对象身份、识别拍摄对象年龄、识别拍摄对象表情、识别拍摄范围内有无目标对象和识别拍摄范围内有无遗留物品。
根据本公开的第二方面，提供一种车辆，其包括设置于车舱内的摄像装置，所述摄像装置为根据本公开的摄像装置。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述摄像装置设置于所述车舱内的后视镜的上方，和/或
所述摄像装置安装于所述车舱内的阅读灯的位置。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述车舱内设有护罩，所述摄像装置至少部分地容纳于所述护罩内；
所述护罩固定连接于所述车舱内的后视镜上方的顶棚，和/或所述护罩固定连接于所述车舱内的阅读灯的外壳。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述护罩上形成有卡扣，所述卡扣与所述车舱 内的安装结构固定卡接。
根据本公开的第三方面，提供一种后视镜，包括：后视镜主体和如本公开的摄像装置，所述后视镜主体与所述摄像装置可拆卸地连接。
根据本公开的舱内摄像装置结构简单，拍摄的影像画面质量高。
根据本公开的车辆能有效记录和/或识别车内的图像。
根据本公开的后视镜具有摄像功能。
附图说明
图1是根据本公开的摄像装置安装于车顶棚的示意图。
图2是根据本公开的摄像装置安装于护罩内的示意图，图中仅示出了护罩的上半部。
图3是根据本公开的摄像装置的示意图。
图4是根据本公开的摄像装置的分解示意图。
图5是根据本公开的摄像装置的部分结构的剖视图。
附图标记说明：
C车顶棚；M后视镜；L阅读灯；S护罩；S1卡扣；
10摄像装置；11壳体；111前壳；112后壳；111a镜头口；111b开口；t镜头安装筒；t1内筒；t2外筒；f法兰部；
12镜头；13红外灯组件；130红外灯电路板；131红外灯；
14滤光片；15光学传感器组件；150主板；151接头；152传感器；16遮光罩；17、18螺钉。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图描述本公开的示例性实施方式。应当理解，这些具体的说明仅用于示教本领域技术人员如何实施本公开，而不用于穷举本公开的所有 可行的方式，也不用于限制本公开的范围。
本文中术语“和/或”，是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中术语“至少一种”表示多种中的任意一种或多种中的至少两种的任意组合，例如，包括A、B、C中的至少一种，可以表示包括从A、B和C构成的集合中选择的任意一个或多个元素。
以用于汽车车舱的摄像装置为例，参照图1至图5，介绍根据本公开的摄像装置。应当理解，本公开中，“摄像”包括拍摄视频和拍摄照片。
参照图1，根据本公开的摄像装置10例如可以安装于车舱内的顶部位置。可选地，对于舱内靠前(以车辆的前进方向为“前”)和靠上的区域安装有阅读灯L和后视镜M的车舱，摄像装置10例如可以安装于阅读灯L的前方、后视镜M的后方；又例如，摄像装置10可以安装于后视镜M的上部，这种情况下，摄像装置10属于后视镜的一部分，例如摄像装置10与后视镜主体可拆卸地连接；又例如，摄像装置10可以安装于后视镜M的上方的车顶棚C；又例如，摄像装置10可以固定连接于阅读灯L的外壳。在后视镜上方或阅读灯位置，能方便摄像装置10拍摄到车内较大区域的画面。当摄像装置10与后视镜M相连时，能节约车内的空间，也方便摄像装置10的固定。
可选地，摄像装置10部分地被护罩S包围。可选地，摄像装置10的安装角度使得镜头12(下文进一步介绍)的轴线(即光轴方向)相对于水平线略向下地倾斜，以使车舱内的乘员的座位位于其成像视野内。
参照图2，护罩S一方面对摄像装置10起到保护作用，另一方面起到了连接摄像装置10和车舱的作用。在本实施方式中，护罩S的上部设有两个卡扣S1。可选地，卡扣S1通过螺钉安装到护罩S上，或者，卡扣S1与护罩S一体形成而属于护罩S的一部分。可选地，卡扣S1的制作材料包括塑胶。可选地，车顶棚C上预留能与卡扣S1相配合的卡合部。通过卡合部与卡扣S1的配合，护罩S将摄像装置10固定安装于车顶棚C，卡接的连接结构简单，安装方便。
此外，由于护罩S将摄像装置10的大部分区域包围，只露出镜头12和下 文介绍的用于补充红外光照的开口111b，这有利于提高成像质量，减少来自外界的折射或反射的光线对成像效果造成的影响。
摄像装置10具有录制视频(简称录像)和拍摄照片(简称拍照)的功能。
可选地，摄像装置10作为乘员监控系统(OMS,Occupant Monitoring System)的一部分而为车辆提供智能控制的功能，在这种情况下，也将该摄像装置10称为OMS摄像装置。例如，摄像装置10可用于全车拍照，乘员身份(包括性别)识别、年龄识别、情绪识别，视频录制，识别遗留儿童或物品和防盗等多种控制。
接下来，参照图3至图5具体介绍摄像装置10的结构。
摄像装置10包括壳体11、镜头12、红外灯组件13、滤光片14、光学传感器组件15和遮光罩16。其中，壳体11包括前壳111和后壳112，前壳111和后壳112通过螺钉18连接在一起。
可以理解，在描述车辆和描述摄像装置10时，有时会使用不同的方向系统。对于车辆而言，通常以车辆的车头方向为前方。对于摄像装置10，通常以摄像装置10的镜头12所在侧或者摄像装置10的拍摄方向为前方。
参照图4，前壳111上形成有镜头口111a和开口111b。镜头口111a用于安装镜头12，开口111b用于使补光用的红外线能从壳体11内射出。可选地，开口111b沿镜头的光轴方向设置。可选地，镜头口111a和开口111b在水平方向上并列地设置，即二者的中心位于同一水平高度。
在本实施方式中，镜头口111a呈圆形，镜头口111a处形成有镜头安装筒t。镜头12嵌设在镜头安装筒t内，在光轴方向上，镜头12位于镜头安装筒t的靠近壳体11的外部的区域。
参照图5，镜头安装筒t包括位于壳体11的内腔的内筒t1和向前伸出的外筒t2。镜头安装筒t的内壁在轴向上的部分区域设有螺纹，且镜头安装筒t的内壁的靠近位于壳体11的内腔的端部的区域为光滑区域而不设置螺纹(下文进一步说明该光滑区域的作用)。
镜头12的安装部位具有与镜头安装筒t的内螺纹相配合的外螺纹，镜头 12与壳体11通过螺纹连接。螺纹连接的方式，不仅方便镜头12的安装，而且便于调节镜头12在安装筒t的轴向上的位置，即方便镜头12的调焦。可选地，镜头12通过AA(Active Alignment，即主动对准)制程的技术进行调焦，以保证镜头12安装位置的准确性，或者说，使得镜头12的光轴不偏斜，输出的图像具有一致性、无严重的图像失真、无严重的像素漂移。可选地，在调焦完成后，使用胶(例如UV胶，又称无影胶或紫外光固化胶)填充镜头12的外螺纹和壳体11的内螺纹之间的间隙，并将镜头12牢固地固定在壳体11上。
开口111b所在的区域为前壳111上的凸出部，凸出部内容纳红外灯组件13。开口111b例如呈矩形形状或近似矩形的形状，也可呈圆形等形状，此处不做特殊限定。红外灯组件13的发光部至少部分地从开口111b露出，使红外光能射出壳体11，以对拍摄对象补光。
开口111b处安装有滤光片14。滤光片14用于过滤可见光、而使红外光透过，可选地，滤光片14为能使波长940nm的红外线透过的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA，又称亚克力)材料。在本实施方式中，滤光片14对波长为400nm至750nm的光的透光率不大于1％、对波长为850nm至1100nm的光的透光率不小于90％。从而使得摄像装置10能在红外模式下采集到清晰的黑白图像。
红外灯组件13安装在滤光片14的内侧(即靠近壳体11的内腔的一侧)，且红外灯组件13设置于下述的遮光罩16的外部，从而阻碍红外灯组件13发出的红外光经由壳体11内部照射至传感器152，以提高传感器152的对来自拍摄对象的光照强度的感测结果(下文在介绍遮光罩16时进一步说明)。
可选地，红外灯组件13为安装有红外灯131的装配印制电路板(PCBA)，红外灯组件13的主体为板状的红外灯电路板130。可选地，红外灯131为LED灯。
可选地，红外灯电路板130通过螺钉17固定于前壳111的内部，且红外灯电路板130的外周区域与前壳111的内部的连接部(图未示)接触，以使红外灯电路板130的热量经由壳体11向摄像装置10的外部传导。可选地，壳体11的制作材料包括导热性高的材料(例如铝合金，可选地为牌号是ADC12的铝 合金)，从而红外灯电路板130所产生的热量能快速传递给壳体11而使红外灯电路板130有效散热。可选地，红外灯电路板130与前壳111的接触面积占红外灯电路板130的表面积的至少1/4或是至少1/3，由此进一步加快散热速度。
摄像装置10可以安装在靠近车舱内的阅读灯L的位置，这使得红外灯131发出的光线容易在阅读灯L处发生反射并进一步到达光学传感器组件15的传感器152处影响传感器152对光照强度的测量，造成采集的画面中具有杂散光、成像的亮度偏暗。为了减弱上述杂散光的现象，前壳111在开口111b处形成内折的法兰部f，以限制红外灯131的照射范围。法兰部f覆盖滤光片14的外周部分，使得红外灯131发出的光线不会经滤光片14与开口111b之间的空隙直接发射至摄像装置外部。
可选地，在其它可能的实施方式中，可以在壳体11内设置筒形的、环绕红外灯131的遮挡块以限制红外灯131的照射范围，阻碍红外光经由壳体11的内部照射到传感器152。遮挡块的制作材料例如为EPDM(三元乙丙橡胶)。
红外灯电路板130的内侧(背对开口111b的一侧)安装有光学传感器组件15。
可选地，光学传感器组件15包括传感器152和主板150。具体地，光学传感器组件15为安装有传感器152的装配印制电路板(PCBA)，光学传感器组件15的主体为板状的主板150。
可选地，主板150安装于前壳111和后壳112之间、并与前壳111和后壳112均接触。可选地，参照图5，前壳111在与后壳112相连的端部处的内壁部分地凹进而形成卡槽，主板150嵌设于卡槽内，并在两侧分别由前壳111和后壳112抵接而得到定位。
传感器152安装于主板150的朝向镜头12的一侧，且传感器152正对镜头12设置。传感器152用于测量光照的强度，光照强度的测量值为红外灯131的开启提供了控制依据。
红外灯电路板130与主板150电连接，例如，二者通过PIN脚(也叫引脚)插接件而互相连接。
主板150能根据光照强度选择使用RGB模式(也称为加色模式)或IR(Infrared Radiation，即红外线或红外光)模式，具体地，在光照强度足够的情况下(例如白天)，主板150启用RGB模式，采集彩色图像；在光照强度不足的情况下(例如夜晚、阴天或隧道中)，主板150启用IR模式，红外灯131进行补光，摄像装置10采集黑白图像。可选地，摄像装置10的初始模式或者说默认模式为RGB模式。
在镜头12与主板150之间设有遮光罩16。遮光罩16呈筒形，其中部形成通孔，遮光罩16嵌套于镜头安装筒t内，具体地，在光轴方向上，遮光罩16位于镜头安装筒t的靠近壳体11的内腔的区域，并且，遮光罩16与镜头安装筒t内周的不设置螺纹的光滑区域相配合。从而遮光罩16能在镜头12的内侧起到遮光作用，减少传感器152采集到的非来自镜头12的光线，降低对成像质量以及传感器感测环境光照强度的准确性的影响。
遮光罩16在轴向(即光轴方向)上的两端分别抵接到镜头12和传感器组件15(具体为主板150)，以在镜头和主板150之间形成相对封闭的空间，为传感器152遮挡非来自镜头12的光线。
遮光罩16在径向上与镜头安装筒t过盈配合，在轴向上与镜头12和光学传感器组件15过盈配合。具体地，遮光罩16在其中部的通孔的轴向一端抵接到主板150，并且，传感器152被罩设于遮光罩16内。进一步使得其它区域的杂散光能被遮光罩16遮挡，降低对成像质量以及传感器感测环境光照强度的准确性的影响。
可选地，遮光罩16的靠近主板150的端部满足：在轴向上越靠近主板150的位置，遮光罩16的径向尺寸越大。这使得遮光罩16在压靠到主板150时，能以向外周方向翻折的趋势变形而更紧密地与镜头安装筒t和主板150配合。
可选地，遮光罩16的制作材料包括硅胶，且遮光罩16是不透明的。
遮光罩16一方面为镜头12在轴向上提供了支承，防止镜头12歪斜；另一方面，遮光罩16在壳体11内为镜头12提供了密封的环境，减少灰尘水汽等附着在镜头内部的情况；再一方面，遮光罩16能防止杂散光从镜头安装筒t和主 板150之间的间隙进入镜头12内或是照射到传感器152而影响成像质量。
主板150上还连接有接头151，接头151例如为HSD(高速数据)连接器，其能与外界的例如域控制器连接而为摄像装置10供电并使摄像装置10与域控制器进行信号传输。
可选地，接头151设置于主板150和后壳112之间。接头151从壳体11的一个侧面部分地伸出壳体11，以方便连接例如域控制器。
可选地，域控制器与多媒体主机通过以太网方式进行影像显示、回放、预览及数据共享。
接下来介绍根据本公开的摄像装置10的使用场景和方法。
摄像装置10可以处于常开状态，实时地记录车舱内的影像；或者，至少在车辆行驶过程中以及车辆停止运动后一段时间内处于打开状态；又或者，至少在发生紧急情况(例如车辆发生碰撞或破损)时处于打开状态。
对于不同的光照情况，摄像装置10可以选择不同的工作模式。在光线充足的情况下，摄像装置10使用加色模式摄像；在光线不足的情况下，使用红外模式摄像。
对于车舱内有无驾乘人员的不同情况，摄像装置10采集的图像可以用于分别为相应的场景的分析提供图像或视频数据。
例如，在舱内有人的情况下，摄像装置10可以录制舱内环境的图像或视频，识别舱内状态，识别乘客(或者说拍摄对象)的身份、年龄、情绪或表情(包括例如高兴、生气、伤心、惊讶和平静等)。
又例如，在舱内无人的情况下，可以录制舱内环境的图像或视频，识别舱内状态，识别例如有无遗留物品、儿童或宠物，识别盗取舱内物品的行为。
应当理解，本公开还提供一种包括上述摄像装置的行驶工具，例如车辆、船或飞机等。
应当理解，本公开还提供一种包括上述摄像装置的后视镜，其包括后视镜主体和摄像装置，摄像装置与后视镜主体可拆卸地连接。摄像装置安装于 后视镜能节约车内的空间，可拆卸的连接方式也方便对摄像装置的安装和维护。
本公开至少具有以下优点中的一个优点：
(i)根据本公开的摄像装置，能进行例如：全车舱拍照、录制视频，记录整车全员互动，识别拍摄对象的身份(包括性别)、年龄、情绪，识别遗留儿童或物品，提供防盗等功能，以满足不同消费者的需求。
(ii)根据本公开的摄像装置10能自动判断光照强度，并在光照不足的情况下使用红外灯进行补光，且用于补光的红外线不容易照射到舱内的照明灯而发生杂散光现象。拍摄的影像画面质量高。
(iii)根据本公开的摄像装置10的镜头内设有遮光罩16，遮光罩16既为摄像装置10提供了支承，又起到了在摄像装置10的内部密封的作用，还能防止杂散光照射到位于遮光罩16的内部的传感器152，使得拍摄的影像清晰质量高。
当然，本公开不限于上述实施方式，本领域技术人员在本公开的教导下可以对本公开的上述实施方式做出各种变型，而不脱离本公开的范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种摄像装置，其特征在于，包括壳体和安装于所述壳体的光学传感器组件、镜头以及遮光罩，
    所述遮光罩具有沿所述镜头的光轴方向设置的通孔，所述遮光罩在所述通孔的沿所述光轴方向的两个端部分别与所述镜头和所述光学传感器组件相接触。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述壳体形成有镜头安装筒，所述镜头安装筒的在所述光轴方向上靠近所述壳体的外部的区域嵌有所述镜头，所述镜头安装筒的在所述光轴方向上靠近所述壳体的内腔的区域嵌有所述遮光罩。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述遮光罩在所述光轴方向上与所述镜头和所述光学传感器组件均过盈配合，所述遮光罩在径向上与所述镜头安装筒过盈配合。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述光学传感器组件包括传感器和主板，所述传感器安装于所述主板的朝向所述镜头的一侧，
    所述遮光罩在所述通孔的轴向一端抵接到所述主板，所述传感器被罩设于所述遮光罩内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述主板设有用于与外界传输信号的接头。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述接头为高速数据连接器。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述接头从所述壳体的一个侧面部分地伸出所述壳体。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述镜头与所述壳体螺纹连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述摄像装置还包括安装于所述壳体内的红外灯组件，所述红外灯组件设置于所述遮光罩的外部，所述红外灯组件被配置为根据所述光学传感器组件对环境光照强度的感测结果而选择性地提供红外光以进行补光。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述壳体包括凸出部，所述红外灯组件设置于所述凸出部内，所述凸出部形成有沿所述光轴方向的开口，所述红外灯组件的发光部至少部分从所述开口露出。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述开口处设有滤光片，所述滤光片对波长为850nm至1100nm的光的透光率不小于90％，和/或
    所述开口处还形成有法兰部，所述法兰部覆盖所述滤光片的外周部分。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述红外灯组件包括红外灯和板状的红外灯电路板，所述红外灯电路板部分地与所述壳体相接触。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述红外灯电路板的外周部分与所述壳体接触，和/或所述红外灯电路板和所述壳体的接触区域的面积不小于所述红外灯电路板的表面积的1/4；和/或
    所述壳体内设置有环绕所述红外灯的遮挡块。
  14. 根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述主板控制所述传感器在光照强度大于阈值的情况下，选择使用加色模式采集彩色图像，以及在光照强度小于阈值的情况下，选择使用红外模式采集黑白图像。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的摄像装置，其特征在于，所述摄像装置用于为以下至少一种识别功能提供图像依据：
    识别拍摄对象身份、识别拍摄对象年龄、识别拍摄对象表情、识别拍摄 范围内有无目标对象和识别拍摄范围内有无遗留物品。
  16. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括设置于车舱内的摄像装置，所述摄像装置为根据权利要求1至15中任一项所述的摄像装置。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述摄像装置设置于所述车舱内的后视镜的上方，和/或
    所述摄像装置安装于所述车舱内的阅读灯的位置。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述车舱内设有护罩，所述摄像装置至少部分地容纳于所述护罩内；
    所述护罩固定连接于所述车舱内的后视镜上方的顶棚，和/或所述护罩固定连接于所述车舱内的阅读灯的外壳。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述护罩上形成有卡扣，所述卡扣与所述车舱内的安装结构固定卡接。
  20. 一种后视镜，包括：后视镜主体和如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的摄像装置，所述后视镜主体与所述摄像装置可拆卸地连接。
PCT/CN2021/113765 2020-12-18 2021-08-20 摄像装置、车辆和后视镜 WO2022127169A1 (zh)

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