WO2022113913A1 - 蓄電装置 - Google Patents

蓄電装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022113913A1
WO2022113913A1 PCT/JP2021/042686 JP2021042686W WO2022113913A1 WO 2022113913 A1 WO2022113913 A1 WO 2022113913A1 JP 2021042686 W JP2021042686 W JP 2021042686W WO 2022113913 A1 WO2022113913 A1 WO 2022113913A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positive electrode
negative electrode
current collector
active material
material layer
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2021/042686
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
悠史 近藤
修 大森
智之 河合
丈嗣 片山
裕介 山下
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Toyota Industries Corp
Original Assignee
Toyota Industries Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Industries Corp filed Critical Toyota Industries Corp
Priority to CN202180078545.2A priority Critical patent/CN116615793A/zh
Priority to EP21897886.4A priority patent/EP4254589A4/en
Priority to KR1020237019344A priority patent/KR102922324B1/ko
Priority to US18/037,882 priority patent/US20240006666A1/en
Priority to JP2022565307A priority patent/JP7616238B2/ja
Publication of WO2022113913A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022113913A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power storage device.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a flat type power storage device configured by stacking a plurality of individually manufactured power storage cells in series.
  • the storage cell has a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material layer formed in the center of one side of a positive electrode current collector made of resin and a negative electrode active material in the center of one side of a negative electrode current collector made of resin.
  • a layer is formed, and the negative electrode is provided with a negative electrode arranged so that the negative electrode active material layer faces the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode, and a separator arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • the storage cell includes a sealing portion made of a thermoplastic resin arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and on the outer peripheral side of the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the seal portion maintains the distance between the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector to prevent a short circuit between the current collectors, and tightly seals the space between the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector. Therefore, a closed space for accommodating the liquid electrolyte is formed between the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector.
  • Patent Documents 2 to 5 disclose a technique using a non-aqueous electrolyte to which lithium bisoxalate borate (LiBOB) is added.
  • LiBOB lithium bisoxalate borate
  • the storage chamber of the liquid electrolyte in each power storage cell becomes narrow, so that the negative electrode in the liquid electrolyte is used.
  • the contact area with the surface of the active material becomes relatively large. Therefore, the temperature rise due to the exothermic reaction between the film on the surface of the negative electrode active material and the liquid electrolyte becomes more remarkable.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to suppress a temperature rise of a power storage device using a liquid electrolyte containing an oxalate compound.
  • a power storage device that achieves the above object comprises a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material layer bonded to the first surface of a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer bonded to the first surface of a negative electrode current collector.
  • a negative electrode in which the negative electrode active material layer is arranged so as to face the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode, a separator arranged between the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • a power storage device including a storage cell provided between the two and a storage chamber for confining the liquid electrolyte, wherein the liquid electrolyte is a liquid electrolyte containing an oxalate compound, and the storage cells are plurality of.
  • the cell stack is provided with a cell stack laminated in series, the side surface of the cell stack is covered with a resin coating portion, and the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector are the most of the cell stack.
  • Each of the terminal current collectors located in the outer layer is provided, and at least one of the terminal current collectors is made of a high heat conductive material having a thermal conductivity of 100 W / m ⁇ K or more, and is made of the high heat conductive material.
  • a cooling unit for cooling the terminal current collector is provided.
  • the side surface in the stacking direction is covered with a resin covering portion.
  • heat transfer between the liquid electrolyte in the cell stack and the outside of the cell stack through the side surface of the cell stack is suppressed, and the heat transfer portion with the outside on the outer surface of the cell stack is located at the end face in the stacking direction.
  • the terminal current collector is made of a high heat conductive material, and a cooling unit for cooling the terminal current collector made of the high heat conductive material is provided.
  • the heat of the outside air can be suppressed from being transferred to the liquid electrolyte in the cell stack by the covering portion. Further, even if the temperature of the liquid electrolyte rises, the heat is released to the outside through the terminal current collector and the cooling unit made of the high heat conductive material, so that the excessive temperature rise of the liquid electrolyte can be suppressed. .. As a result, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the power storage device to a temperature that causes an exothermic reaction between the film on the surface of the negative electrode active material layer formed based on the oxalate compound contained in the liquid electrolyte and the liquid electrolyte. Further temperature rise of the power storage device due to the exothermic reaction can be suppressed.
  • the oxalate compound is preferably an oxalate compound represented by the general formula (1) A + [BX 4-2n (C 2 O 4 ) n ] ⁇ .
  • a + is a cation of an alkali metal
  • X is a halogen atom
  • n is 1 or 2.
  • the effect of improving the life of the power storage device can be obtained more remarkably based on the formation of a film of the decomposition product of the oxalate compound on the surface of the negative electrode active material. It is preferable that the basis weight of the positive electrode active material layer is 55 mg / cm 2 or more and that the basis weight of the negative electrode active material layer is 25 mg / cm 2 or more.
  • the energy density of the power storage device can be increased.
  • the separator is preferably adhered to the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the efficiency of heat conduction between the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer facing each other via the separator is enhanced.
  • heat is easily transferred in the stacking direction of the cell stack, and the heat in the cell stack can be efficiently transferred to the terminal current collector and the cooling unit and discharged to the outside.
  • the covering portion is provided with a permeation wall portion that allows carbon dioxide gas generated in the accommodation chamber to permeate to the outside of the cell stack, and the permeation wall portion is made of a low-density polyethylene resin having a density of less than 930 kg / m 3 . It is preferable that it is.
  • the internal pressure of the storage chamber in which the liquid electrolyte is housed may increase due to the generation of carbon dioxide gas derived from the oxalate ions.
  • An increase in the internal pressure of the containment chamber causes an increase in the temperature of the power storage device.
  • a permeation wall portion using a low-density polyethylene resin having a property of permeating carbon dioxide gas is provided in the covering portion.
  • the transmission wall portion is provided on the entire circumference of the covering portion. According to the above configuration, carbon dioxide gas can be permeated from any position in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the covering portion, and the generated carbon dioxide gas is not discharged in a part of the accommodation chamber such as a corner portion. It is possible to suppress the accumulation in the gas.
  • Sectional drawing of the power storage device Partial cross-sectional view of the peripheral part of the cell stack of the modified example.
  • Cross-sectional view of the power storage device of the modified example The graph which shows the temperature change of the cell stack at the time of discharge.
  • the power storage device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a power storage module used for batteries of various vehicles such as forklifts, hybrid vehicles, and electric vehicles.
  • the power storage device 10 is a secondary battery such as a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • the power storage device 10 may be an electric double layer capacitor. In this embodiment, a case where the power storage device 10 is a lithium ion secondary battery is illustrated.
  • the power storage device 10 includes a cell stack 30 (laminated body) in which a plurality of power storage cells 20 are stacked (stacked) in the stacking direction.
  • the stacking direction of the plurality of storage cells 20 is simply referred to as a stacking direction.
  • Each storage cell 20 includes a positive electrode 21, a negative electrode 22, a separator 23, and a sealing portion 24.
  • the positive electrode 21 includes a positive electrode current collector 21a and a positive electrode active material layer 21b provided on the first surface 21a1 of the positive electrode current collector 21a.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 21b is formed in the central portion of the first surface 21a1 of the positive electrode current collector 21a in a plan view (hereinafter, simply referred to as a plan view) viewed from the stacking direction.
  • the peripheral edge of the first surface 21a1 of the positive electrode current collector 21a in a plan view is a positive electrode uncoated portion 21c in which the positive electrode active material layer 21b is not provided.
  • the positive electrode uncoated portion 21c is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the positive electrode active material layer 21b in a plan view.
  • the negative electrode 22 includes a negative electrode current collector 22a and a negative electrode active material layer 22b provided on the first surface 22a1 of the negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • the negative electrode active material layer 22b is formed in the central portion of the first surface 22a1 of the negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • the peripheral edge of the first surface 22a1 of the negative electrode current collector 22a in a plan view is a negative electrode uncoated portion 22c in which the negative electrode active material layer 22b is not provided.
  • the negative electrode uncoated portion 22c is arranged so as to surround the negative electrode active material layer 22b in a plan view.
  • the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are arranged so that the positive electrode active material layer 21b and the negative electrode active material layer 22b face each other in the stacking direction. That is, the opposite directions of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 coincide with the stacking direction.
  • the negative electrode active material layer 22b is formed to be one size larger than the positive electrode active material layer 21b, and the entire formation region of the positive electrode active material layer 21b is located within the formation region of the negative electrode active material layer 22b in a plan view. There is.
  • the positive electrode current collector 21a has a second surface 21a2 which is a surface opposite to the first surface 21a1.
  • the positive electrode 21 is an electrode having a monopolar structure in which neither the positive electrode active material layer 21b nor the negative electrode active material layer 22b is formed on the second surface 21a2 of the positive electrode current collector 21a.
  • the negative electrode current collector 22a has a second surface 22a2 which is a surface opposite to the first surface 22a1.
  • the negative electrode 22 is an electrode having a monopolar structure in which neither the positive electrode active material layer 21b nor the negative electrode active material layer 22b is formed on the second surface 21a2 of the negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • the separator 23 is a member arranged between the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 and allowing a charge carrier such as lithium ion to pass through while separating the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 to prevent a short circuit due to contact between the two electrodes. ..
  • the separator 23 is, for example, a porous sheet or a non-woven fabric containing a polymer that absorbs and retains a liquid electrolyte.
  • Examples of the material constituting the separator 23 include polypropylene, polyethylene, polyolefin, polyester and the like.
  • the separator 23 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.
  • the multilayer structure may have, for example, an adhesive layer, a ceramic layer as a heat-resistant layer, and the like.
  • a sheet-shaped separator 23 having adhesive layers 23a provided on both surfaces is used.
  • the adhesive layer 23a provided on one surface of the separator 23 (the surface on the lower side of the paper surface) is adhered to the first surface 22a1 of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the positive electrode active material layer 21b.
  • the adhesive layer 23a provided on the other surface of the separator 23 (the surface on the upper side of the paper surface) is adhered to the negative electrode active material layer 22b.
  • the sealing portion 24 is provided between the first surface 22a1 of the positive electrode current collector 21a of the positive electrode 21 and the first surface 22a1 of the negative electrode current collector 22a of the negative electrode 22 and from the positive electrode active material layer 21b and the negative electrode active material layer 22b. Is also arranged on the outer peripheral side and is adhered to both the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a. The seal portion 24 insulates between the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a to prevent a short circuit between the current collectors.
  • the seal portion 24 extends along the peripheral edges of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a in a plan view, and is formed in a frame shape surrounding the positive electrode active material layer 21b and the negative electrode active material layer 22b. Has been done. The seal portion 24 is arranged between the positive electrode uncoated portion 21c on the first surface 21a1 of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode uncoated portion 22c on the first surface 22a1 of the negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • a storage chamber S partitioned by a frame-shaped seal portion 24, a positive electrode 21 and a negative electrode 22 is formed inside the storage cell 20, a storage chamber S partitioned by a frame-shaped seal portion 24, a positive electrode 21 and a negative electrode 22 is formed.
  • the storage chamber S is a liquid-tight sealed space surrounded by a frame-shaped seal portion 24, a positive electrode 21 and a negative electrode 22.
  • the storage chamber S houses the positive electrode active material layer 21b, the negative electrode active material layer 22b, the separator 23, and the liquid electrolyte.
  • the peripheral portion of the separator 23 is in a state of being buried in the seal portion 24.
  • the storage chamber S has a flat shape that extends in the plane direction of the first surface 21a1 of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the first surface 22a1 of the negative electrode current collector 22a and has a short length in the stacking direction.
  • the ratio (V / L) of the length L to the volume V is 0.025 or more. Is preferable, and 0.035 or more is more preferable.
  • the ratio (V / L) is, for example, 0.4 or less.
  • the length L of the storage chamber S in the stacking direction is, for example, preferably 400 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 500 ⁇ m or more and 750 ⁇ m or less.
  • the volume V of the storage chamber S is, for example, 25 cc or more and 150 cc or less, preferably 40 cc or more and 120 cc or less, and more preferably 50 cc or more and 100 cc or less.
  • the length L is the distance between the first surface 21a1 of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the first surface 22a1 of the negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • the cell stack 30 has a structure in which a plurality of storage cells 20 are superposed so that the second surface 21a2 of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the second surface 22a2 of the negative electrode current collector 22a are in contact with each other. As a result, a plurality of storage cells 20 constituting the cell stack 30 are connected in series.
  • the two storage cells 20 adjacent to each other in the stacking direction provide a pseudo bipolar electrode 25 in which the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a in contact with each other are regarded as one current collector. It is formed.
  • the pseudo bipolar electrode 25 includes a current collector having a structure in which a positive electrode current collector 21a and a negative electrode current collector 22a are superposed, a positive electrode active material layer 21b formed on one surface of the current collector, and the positive electrode active material layer 21b. It includes a negative electrode active material layer 22b formed on the other side surface.
  • the seal portion 24 of each storage cell 20 has an outer peripheral portion 24a extending outward from each edge portion of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • the outer peripheral portion 24a projects in a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction from each edge portion of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a when viewed from the stacking direction.
  • the storage cells 20 adjacent to each other in the stacking direction are integrated by adhering the outer peripheral portions 24a of the respective sealing portions 24 to each other.
  • the peripheral surface of the cell stack 30, that is, the side surface with respect to the stacking direction is entirely covered with the sealing portion 24.
  • the sealing portion 24 constitutes a covering portion that covers the side surface of the cell stack 30 with respect to the stacking direction.
  • Examples of the method of adhering the adjacent sealing portions 24 to each other include known welding methods such as heat welding, ultrasonic welding, and infrared welding.
  • the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a located in the outermost layer in the stacking direction of the cell stack 30 are the terminal current collectors, respectively, and the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal.
  • the negative electrode current collector 22a' is used.
  • a positive electrode cooling unit 40 for cooling the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a' is attached to the second surface 21a2'of the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'.
  • a negative electrode cooling unit 50 for cooling the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' is attached to the second surface 22a2'of the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a'.
  • the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the negative electrode cooling unit 50 cool the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'so that the temperature is, for example, 60 ° C. or lower.
  • the specific configuration of the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the negative electrode cooling unit 50 is not particularly limited, and a known cooling unit used for cooling the power storage device can be used. Examples of known cooling units include cooling units having a structure such as fins that enhances heat transfer efficiency and cooling the object to be cooled by exchanging heat with a cooling medium.
  • the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the negative electrode cooling unit 50 are configured to also function as an energizing plate. That is, the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the negative electrode cooling unit 50 are made of a material having high thermal conductivity and conductivity, and the second surface 21a2'and the terminal negative electrode current collector of the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'. They are electrically connected to the second surface 22a2'of the body 22a'.
  • the power storage device 10 is charged and discharged through terminals provided in each of the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the negative electrode cooling unit 50.
  • the material constituting the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the negative electrode cooling unit 50 for example, the same materials as those constituting the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a described later can be used.
  • the power storage device 10 includes a restraint member 60 that restrains the cell stack 30.
  • the restraint member 60 is provided with a region in which the storage cells 20 face each other in the stacking direction of the cell stack 30, particularly, a range in which the positive electrode active material layer 21b is provided and a negative electrode active material layer 22b in a plan view.
  • a constraint weight is applied to the area where the range overlaps.
  • the specific configuration of the constraint member 60 is not particularly limited as long as the configuration can apply the constraint load to the cell stack 30.
  • a plate-shaped restraint plate 61 arranged at both ends of the cell stack 30 in the stacking direction so as to sandwich the cell stack 30, and a fastening member 62 composed of bolts and nuts for fastening the restraint plates 61 to each other.
  • the restraint member 60 including the above is illustrated.
  • the fastening member 62 urges the restraint plates 61 in a direction in which they approach each other, thereby imparting a restraint load in the stacking direction to the cell stack 30.
  • the positive electrode collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a are chemically inert electricity for continuing to flow current through the positive electrode active material layer 21b and the negative electrode active material layer 22b during discharging or charging of the lithium ion secondary battery. It is a conductor.
  • the material constituting the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' is a high thermal conductive material having a thermal conductivity of 100 W / m ⁇ K or more.
  • the high thermal conductive material include metal materials such as silver, copper, gold, and aluminum. Further, the thermal conductivity of the high thermal conductive material is, for example, 500 W / m ⁇ K or less.
  • the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' have a large area (hereinafter, simply referred to as an area) in a plan view. It is preferably thin.
  • the areas of the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' are, for example, 1 m 2 or more, and preferably 1.3 m 2 or more. Further, the areas of the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' are, for example, 2.5 m 2 or less, and preferably 2.2 m 2 or less.
  • the thickness of the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' is, for example, 0.003 mm or more, preferably 0.005 mm or more, and more preferably 0.01 or more. Further, the thickness of the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' is, for example, 0.06 mm or less, preferably 0.05 mm or less, and more preferably 0.04 mm or less. preferable.
  • a metal material, a conductive resin material, a conductive inorganic material, or the like can be used as the material constituting the body.
  • Examples of the metal material include copper, aluminum, nickel, titanium, and stainless steel (for example, SUS304, SUS316, SUS301, SUS304, etc. specified in JIS G 4305: 2015).
  • Examples of the conductive resin material include a conductive polymer material and a resin obtained by adding a conductive filler to a non-conductive polymer material as needed.
  • the thermal conductivity of the materials constituting the general positive electrode current collector and the general negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 W / m ⁇ K or more. Further, it is preferable that the general positive electrode current collector and the general negative electrode current collector are also made of the above-mentioned high thermal conductive material.
  • the general positive electrode collector and the general negative electrode collector have a large area and a thin thickness.
  • the areas of the general positive electrode current collector and the general negative electrode current collector are preferably, for example, 1 m 2 or more, and more preferably 1.3 m 2 or more.
  • the area of the general positive electrode current collector and the general negative electrode current collector is, for example, preferably 2.5 m 2 or less, and more preferably 2.2 m 2 or less.
  • the thickness of the general positive electrode current collector and the general negative electrode current collector is, for example, preferably 0.003 mm or more, more preferably 0.005 mm or more, and further preferably 0.01 or more.
  • the thickness of the general positive electrode current collector and the general negative electrode current collector is, for example, preferably 0.06 mm or less, more preferably 0.05 mm or less, and further preferably 0.04 mm or less. preferable.
  • the area and thickness of the general positive electrode current collector and the general negative electrode current collector are the same as those of the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a'.
  • One or both of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a may include a plurality of layers including one or more layers including the above-mentioned metal material or conductive resin material.
  • the surfaces of one or both of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a may be coated with a known protective layer.
  • the surfaces of one or both of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a may be surface-treated by a known method such as plating. Examples of the surface treatment include chromate treatment and phosphoric acid chromate treatment.
  • the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a may independently have the form of, for example, a foil, a sheet, a film, a wire, a rod, a mesh, or a clad material.
  • the thickness of the foil, sheet, or film is, for example, 1 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the general positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a of the present embodiment the general positive electrode current collector is made of aluminum foil, the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'is made of aluminum foil, and the general negative electrode current collector is copper. It is made of foil, and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a'is made of copper foil.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 21b contains a positive electrode active material capable of storing and releasing charge carriers such as lithium ions.
  • a positive electrode active material a material that can be used as a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery, such as a lithium composite metal oxide having a layered rock salt structure, a metal oxide having a spinel structure, and a polyanionic compound, may be adopted. Further, two or more kinds of positive electrode active materials may be used in combination.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 21b contains olivine-type lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) as a polyanionic compound.
  • the negative electrode active material layer 22b can be used without particular limitation as long as it is a simple substance, alloy or compound capable of occluding and releasing charge carriers such as lithium ions.
  • examples of the negative electrode active material include Li, carbon, a metal compound, an element that can be alloyed with lithium, or a compound thereof.
  • Examples of carbon include natural graphite, artificial graphite, hard carbon (non-graphitizable carbon) or soft carbon (easy graphitizable carbon).
  • Examples of artificial graphite include highly oriented graphite and mesocarbon microbeads.
  • elements that can be alloyed with lithium include silicon and tin.
  • the negative electrode active material layer 22b contains graphite as a carbon-based material.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 21b and the negative electrode active material layer 22b are conductive aids, binders, and electrolytes (polymer matrix, ions) for increasing electrical conductivity as needed, respectively. It may further contain a conductive polymer, a liquid electrolyte, etc.), an electrolyte supporting salt (lithium salt) for enhancing ionic conductivity, and the like.
  • the components contained in the active material layer and the compounding ratio of the components are not particularly limited, and conventionally known knowledge about a lithium ion secondary battery can be appropriately referred to.
  • the conductive auxiliary agent is added to increase the conductivity of the positive electrode 21 or the negative electrode 22.
  • the conductive auxiliary agent is, for example, acetylene black, carbon black, graphite or the like.
  • the binder include fluororesins such as polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene and fluororubber, thermoplastic resins such as polypropylene and polyethylene, imide-based resins such as polyimide and polyamideimide, resins containing an alkoxysilyl group, and polyacrylics.
  • acrylic resins such as acids and methacrylic acids
  • styrene-butadiene rubbers carboxymethyl celluloses
  • alginates such as sodium alginate and ammonium alginate
  • water-soluble cellulose ester cross-linking products such as water-soluble cellulose ester cross-linking products
  • starch-acrylic acid graft polymers such as starch-acrylic acid graft polymers.
  • these binders can be used alone or in combination.
  • the solvent or dispersion medium for example, water, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and the like are used.
  • the heat-resistant layer may be provided on the surface of the active material layer.
  • the thickness and basis weight of the active material layer are not particularly limited, and conventionally known knowledge about a lithium ion secondary battery can be appropriately referred to. However, from the viewpoint of increasing the energy density of the storage cell 20, it is preferable to increase the basis weight of the active material layer.
  • the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer 21b is, for example, 250 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 400 ⁇ m or more.
  • the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer 21b is, for example, 600 ⁇ m or less.
  • the basis weight of the positive electrode active material layer 21b is, for example, 55 mg / cm 2 or more, and preferably 70 mg / cm 2 or more.
  • the basis weight of the positive electrode active material layer 21b is, for example, 90 mg / cm 2 or less.
  • the amount of the positive electrode active material layer 21b is 55 to 90 mg / cm. It is 2 , and the density of the positive electrode active material layer 21b is preferably 1.6 to 2.1 g / cm 3 .
  • the thickness of the negative electrode active material layer 22b is, for example, 150 ⁇ m or more, preferably 200 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 250 ⁇ m or more.
  • the thickness of the negative electrode active material layer 22b is, for example, 400 ⁇ m or less.
  • the basis weight of the negative electrode active material layer 22b is, for example, 25 mg / cm 2 or more, and preferably 30 mg / cm 2 or more.
  • the basis weight of the negative electrode active material layer 22b is, for example, 45 mg / cm 2 or less.
  • the amount of the negative electrode active material layer 22b is 25 to 45 mg / cm. It is 2 , and the density of the negative electrode active material layer 22b is preferably 1.1 to 1.5 g / cm 3 .
  • the seal portion 24 is made of a low-density polyethylene resin having a density of less than 930 kg / m 3 .
  • the density of the low-density polyethylene resin is, for example, 900 kg / m 3 or more, preferably 910 kg / m 3 or more.
  • the above density is a density conforming to JIS K6922.
  • Polyethylene resins are classified by density, for example, in JIS K6922. In this classification, polyethylene resin having a density of more than 930 kg / m 3 is regarded as medium density polyethylene.
  • the low-density polyethylene resin constituting the seal portion 24 is a polyethylene resin having a lower density than the medium-density polyethylene. Examples of the low-density polyethylene resin include high-pressure method low-density polyethylene and linear low-density polyethylene.
  • the low-density polyethylene resin is preferably high-pressure low-density polyethylene.
  • the thermal conductivity of the seal portion 24 is, for example, 0.28 to 0.38 W / m ⁇ K.
  • liquid electrolyte examples include a liquid electrolyte containing a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent.
  • electrolyte salt known lithium salts such as LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiN (FSO 2 ) 2 , and LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 can be used.
  • non-aqueous solvent known solvents such as cyclic carbonates, cyclic esters, chain carbonates, chain esters, ethers and the like can be used. In addition, you may use two or more kinds of these known solvent materials in combination.
  • the liquid electrolyte contains an oxalate compound.
  • the oxalate compound means a compound having an oxalate ion in its structure.
  • Examples of the oxalate compound include compounds represented by the general formula (1) A + [BX 4-2n (C 2 O 4 ) n ] - .
  • a + is a cation of an alkali metal such as lithium ion
  • X is a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom
  • n is 1 or 2.
  • the compound represented by the general formula (1) include lithium difluorooxalate borate (LiDFOB) and lithium bisoxalate borate (LiBOB).
  • the oxalate compound may be an oxalate compound disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 5. These oxalate compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the blending ratio of the oxalate compound in the liquid electrolyte is preferably, for example, 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, preferably 0.3, when the total mass of the components other than the oxalate compound contained in the liquid electrolyte is 100 parts by mass. It is more preferably 4 parts by mass, further preferably 0.5 to 3 parts by mass, and most preferably 1 to 2 parts by mass.
  • the power storage device 10 is manufactured by going through an electrode forming step, a storage cell forming step, and a cell stack forming step in this order.
  • all the positive electrode current collectors 21a including the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a' are made of aluminum foil
  • all the negative electrode current collectors 22a including the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' are made of copper foil. This case will be explained.
  • the electrode forming step includes a positive electrode forming step of forming the positive electrode 21 and a negative electrode forming step of forming the negative electrode 22.
  • the positive electrode forming step is not particularly limited, and a known method applied to the formation of the positive electrode 21 including the positive electrode current collector 21a and the positive electrode active material layer 21b can be used.
  • a positive electrode mixture that becomes a positive electrode active material layer 21b by solidifying is attached to the first surface 21a1 of the aluminum foil as the positive electrode current collector 21a so as to have a predetermined thickness, and then attached to the positive electrode mixture.
  • the positive electrode 21 can be formed by performing the solidification treatment according to the above.
  • the negative electrode forming step is not particularly limited, and a known method applied to the formation of the negative electrode 22 including the negative electrode current collector 22a and the negative electrode active material layer 22b can be used.
  • a negative electrode mixture that becomes a negative electrode active material layer 22b by solidifying is attached to the first surface 22a1 of the copper foil as the negative electrode current collector 22a so as to have a predetermined thickness, and then the negative electrode mixture is attached.
  • the negative electrode 22 can be formed by performing the solidification treatment according to the above.
  • the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are arranged so that the positive electrode active material layer 21b and the negative electrode active material layer 22b face each other in the stacking direction with the separator 23 sandwiched between them, and the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 are arranged.
  • a sealing material for example, a sheet made of the low-density polyethylene resin, which serves as a sealing portion 24, is arranged between the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a on the outer peripheral side.
  • the positive electrode 21, the negative electrode 22, and the separator 23 and the sealing material are adhered by welding to form an assembly in which the positive electrode 21, the negative electrode 22, the separator 23, and the sealing portion 24 are integrated.
  • welding method of the sealing material include known welding methods such as heat welding, ultrasonic welding, and infrared welding.
  • the liquid electrolyte is injected into the storage chamber S inside the assembly through the injection port provided in a part of the seal portion 24, and then the injection port is sealed. As a result, the storage cell 20 is formed.
  • a plurality of storage cells 20 are stacked so that the second surface 21a2 of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the second surface 22a2 of the negative electrode current collector 22a face each other. After that, the plurality of storage cells 20 are integrated by adhering the outer peripheral portions 24a of the seal portions 24 in the storage cells 20 adjacent to each other in the stacking direction.
  • the positive electrode cooling unit 40 is overlapped and electrically connected to the second surface 21a2 of the positive electrode current collector 21a of the positive electrode 21 arranged at one end in the stacking direction.
  • the negative electrode cooling unit 50 is superposed and electrically connected to the second surface 22a2 of the negative electrode current collector 22a of the negative electrode 22 arranged at the other end in the stacking direction.
  • the cell stack 30 is formed.
  • the restraint member 60 is attached to the cell stack 30.
  • the restraint plates 61 are fastened to each other by the fastening member 62.
  • a liquid electrolyte containing an oxalate compound is used as the liquid electrolyte.
  • a film of the decomposition product of the oxalate compound is formed on the surface of the negative electrode active material layer 22b. Since this film functions as a protective film for the negative electrode active material layer 22b, the life of the power storage device 10 is improved.
  • the side surface with respect to the stacking direction is covered with a resin sealing portion 24 (covering portion).
  • a resin sealing portion 24 covering portion
  • a negative electrode cooling unit 50 is provided.
  • the heat of the outside air can be suppressed from being transferred to the liquid electrolyte in the cell stack 30 by the resin sealing portion 24 (covering portion). Further, even if the temperature of the liquid electrolyte rises, it is passed through the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a ′ and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a ′ composed of a high heat conductive material, and the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the negative electrode cooling unit 50. Heat is released to the outside. This makes it possible to suppress an excessive temperature rise of the liquid electrolyte.
  • the temperature rise of the power storage device 10 it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the power storage device 10 to reach a temperature that causes an exothermic reaction between the film on the surface of the negative electrode active material layer 22b formed based on the oxalate compound contained in the liquid electrolyte and the liquid electrolyte. At the same time, it is possible to suppress a further temperature rise of the power storage device 10 due to the exothermic reaction.
  • the power storage device 10 includes a positive electrode 21 having a positive electrode current collector 21a and a positive electrode active material layer 21b, a negative electrode 22 having a negative electrode current collector 22a and a negative electrode active material layer 22b, and a positive electrode active material layer 21b and a negative electrode activity.
  • the storage cell 20 includes a separator 23 arranged between the material layer 22b, and a storage chamber S provided between the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 and which houses the liquid electrolyte in a liquid-tight manner.
  • the liquid electrolyte is a liquid electrolyte containing an oxalate compound.
  • a cell stack 30 formed by stacking a plurality of storage cells 20 in series is provided, and the side surface of the cell stack 30 with respect to the stacking direction is covered with a resin sealing portion 24, and the end of the cell stack 30 is located at the outermost layer of the cell stack 30.
  • the positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' are made of a high thermal conductive material having a thermal conductivity of 100 W / m ⁇ K or more.
  • a positive electrode cooling unit 40 for cooling the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and a negative electrode cooling unit 50 for cooling the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' are provided.
  • the life of the power storage device 10 is improved by forming a film of the decomposition product of the oxalate compound on the surface of the negative electrode active material layer 22b.
  • the oxalate compound is an oxalate compound represented by the general formula (1) A + [BX 4-2n (C 2 O 4 ) n ] ⁇ .
  • a film of the decomposition product of the oxalate compound is formed on the surface of the negative electrode active material. This film serves as a protective film for the negative electrode active material. As a result, the battery performance of the power storage device 10 is improved.
  • the effect of improving the life of the power storage device 10 can be obtained more remarkably based on the film of the decomposition product of the oxalate compound being formed on the surface of the negative electrode active material layer 22b.
  • the basis weight of the positive electrode active material layer 21b is 55 mg / cm 2 or more.
  • the basis weight of the negative electrode active material layer 22b is 25 mg / cm 2 or more. According to the above configuration, the energy density of the power storage device 10 can be increased.
  • the separator 23 is adhered to the positive electrode active material layer 21b and the negative electrode active material layer 22b. According to the above configuration, the efficiency of heat conduction between the positive electrode active material layer 21b and the negative electrode active material layer 22b facing each other via the separator 23 is enhanced. As a result, heat is easily transferred in the stacking direction of the cell stack 30, and the heat in the cell stack 30 is efficiently transferred to the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a', the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a', the positive electrode cooling unit 40, and the negative electrode cooling. It can be moved to the section 50 and released to the outside.
  • the separator 23 is adhered to the positive electrode active material layer 21b and the negative electrode active material layer 22b, it is possible to suppress an increase in the distance between the positive electrode active material layer 21b and the negative electrode active material layer 22b in the stacking direction during charging and discharging. It is possible to suppress an increase in the resistance of the storage cell 20.
  • the entire sealing portion 24, which is a covering portion, is a permeation wall portion that allows carbon dioxide gas generated in the accommodation chamber S to permeate to the outside of the cell stack 30, and is a low-density polyethylene resin having a density of less than 930 kg / m 3 . It is composed of.
  • the internal pressure of the storage chamber S in which the liquid electrolyte is housed may increase due to the generation of carbon dioxide gas derived from the oxalate ions.
  • An increase in the internal pressure of the accommodation chamber S causes an increase in the temperature of the power storage device 10.
  • the covering portion is made of a low-density polyethylene resin having a property of permeating carbon dioxide gas, so that the permeation wall portion that allows carbon dioxide gas generated in the accommodation chamber S to permeate to the outside of the cell stack 30. It is supposed to be.
  • the carbon dioxide gas in the storage chamber S is sent to the outside of the cell stack 30 through the covering portion as a permeation wall portion. And can be discharged.
  • an increase in the internal pressure of the accommodation chamber S can be suppressed, and an increase in the temperature of the power storage device 10 due to the increase in the internal pressure of the accommodation chamber S can be suppressed.
  • the low-density polyethylene resin has a property of having low water vapor permeability in addition to the property of allowing carbon dioxide gas to permeate. Therefore, it is possible to prevent moisture from entering the storage chamber S from the outside through the covering portion as the transmission wall portion.
  • the entire sealing portion 24, which is a covering portion, is used as a permeation wall portion for allowing carbon dioxide gas to permeate. Therefore, the transmission wall portion is located on the entire circumference of the covering portion. According to the above configuration, it is possible to allow carbon dioxide gas to permeate from any position in the circumferential direction of the covering portion, and it is possible to prevent the generated carbon dioxide gas from continuing to accumulate in the corner portion of the accommodation chamber S without being discharged. can.
  • the positive electrode 21, the negative electrode 22, and the separator 23 have a structure in which the separator 23 is repeatedly laminated, and the second surface 21a2 on the opposite side of the first surface 21a1 in the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • the second surface 22a2 on the opposite side of the first surface 22a1 is in contact with the second surface 22a2.
  • the thickness of the positive electrode current collector 21a is 0.015 to 0.05 mm, the grain size of the positive electrode active material layer 21b is 55 to 90 mg / cm 2 , and the density of the positive electrode active material layer 21b. Is 1.6 to 2.1 g / cm 3 .
  • the rigidity of the foil-shaped positive electrode current collector 21a is increased by providing the positive electrode active material layer 21b. Therefore, when the internal pressure of the accommodation chamber S rises, it is possible to prevent the positive electrode 21 from being deformed so as to warp and the contact area of the adjacent storage cell 20 with the negative electrode current collector 22a from becoming smaller. As a result, it is possible to suppress a decrease in heat conduction efficiency between the storage cells 20 due to the reduction in the contact area.
  • the thickness of the negative electrode current collector 22a is 0.005 to 0.02 mm, the thickness of the negative electrode active material layer 22b is 25 to 45 mg / cm 2 , and the density of the negative electrode active material layer 22b. Is 1.1 to 1.5 g / cm 3 .
  • the area of the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' located in the outermost layer of the cell stack 30 is 1 m 2 or more and 2.5 m 2 or less, and the thickness is 0.005 mm or more and 0. It is 05 mm or less. That is, the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' are current collectors whose thickness is remarkably small with respect to the area. Therefore, the amount of heat conduction from the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the negative electrode cooling unit 50 can be increased, and the inside of the cell stack 30 can be efficiently cooled.
  • the area of the general positive electrode current collector and the general negative electrode current collector is 1 m 2 or more and 2.5 m 2 or less, and the thickness is 0.005 mm or more and 0.05 mm or less. That is, the general positive electrode current collector and the general negative electrode current collector are current collectors whose thickness is remarkably small with respect to the area. Therefore, the heat in the cell stack 30 can be more efficiently transferred to the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a'.
  • the permeation wall portion which is made of the above low-density polyethylene resin and allows carbon dioxide gas generated in the storage chamber S to permeate to the outside of the cell stack 30, is partially provided as a part of the seal portion 24. There may be. Examples of the part of the seal portion 24 provided with the transmission wall portion include a part of the seal portion 24 in the stacking direction and a part of the seal portion 24 in the circumferential direction.
  • the sealing portion 24 having a multilayer structure in which the first resin layer made of the low-density polyethylene resin and the second resin layer made of other resins are laminated is formed, and the first resin layer is formed.
  • the part is a transparent wall part.
  • the cell stack 30 formed by stacking the storage cells 20 having a polygonal shape in a plan view, the cell stack 30 has a plurality of three or more side surfaces as side surfaces with respect to the stacking direction.
  • the seal portion 24 constituting any one of the plurality of side surfaces is made of the low-density polyethylene resin to form a transmission wall portion, and the seal portion 24 constituting the other side surface is made of another resin.
  • Examples of the above-mentioned other resins include polyolefin resins.
  • Examples of the polyolefin resin include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), modified polyethylene (modified PE), modified polypropylene (modified PP), isoprene, modified isoprene, polybutene, modified polybutene, and polybutadiene.
  • Examples of the modified polyethylene include acid-modified polyethylene and epoxy-modified polyethylene.
  • Examples of the modified polypropylene include acid-modified polypropylene and epoxy-modified polypropylene.
  • the polyolefin-based resin may be a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin.
  • the thermal conductivity of the seal portion 24 is, for example, 0.17 to 0.19 W / m ⁇ K.
  • the transparent wall may be omitted.
  • the entire sealing portion 24 may be made of a resin other than the low-density polyethylene resin.
  • the sealing portion 24 constitutes a covering portion that covers the side surface of the cell stack 30 in the stacking direction, but a covering portion may be provided separately from the sealing portion 24.
  • the outer peripheral portion 24a of the seal portion 24 is omitted, and a resin layer covering the side surface of the cell stack 30 in the stacking direction is provided as the covering portion.
  • the resin constituting the resin layer is the same as that of the sealing portion 24.
  • the covering portion is provided separately from the sealing portion 24, the resin constituting the covering portion may be the same as or different from the resin constituting the sealing portion 24.
  • the transmission wall portion can be provided even in a configuration in which the covering portion is provided separately from the seal portion 24.
  • the seal portion 24 is provided with a first transmission wall portion made of the low-density polyethylene resin so as to reach the outer surface from the inner surface of the seal portion 24.
  • the second permeation wall made of the low-density polyethylene resin is formed so that the gas permeating through the first permeation wall portion on the inner surface of the covering portion reaches the outer surface of the covering portion from the contactable portion with respect to the covering portion.
  • the carbon dioxide gas generated in the accommodation chamber S permeates to the outside of the seal portion 24 through the first permeation wall portion and then permeates to the outside of the covering portion through the second permeation wall portion.
  • the accommodation chamber S partitioned by the frame-shaped seal portion 24, the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 is formed, but the configuration for forming the accommodation chamber S is not limited to the above embodiment.
  • a storage chamber S may be formed which is partitioned by a positive electrode 21, a negative electrode 22, and a resin layer as a covering portion that covers the side surface of the cell stack 30 in the stacking direction.
  • the side surface of the positive electrode current collector 21a is a side edge of the positive electrode current collector 21a, and is, for example, a surface orthogonal to the first surface 21a1 and the second surface 21a2 of the positive electrode current collector 21a, and is a surface orthogonal to the first surface 21a1 and the second surface 21a2.
  • the above-mentioned side surface is a side edge of the negative electrode current collector 22a, and is, for example, a surface orthogonal to the first surface 22a1 and the second surface 22a2 of the negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • the seal portion 24 may or may not be provided.
  • the seal portion 24 is not adhered to either the positive electrode current collector 21a or the negative electrode current collector 22a, but is adhered to the seal portion, the positive electrode current collector 21a, and the resin layer that are adhered to the resin layer.
  • examples thereof include a sealing portion that is not adhered to the negative electrode current collector 22a, a sealing portion that is adhered to the negative electrode current collector 22a and the resin layer, and is not adhered to the positive electrode current collector 21a. Two or more of these sealing portions may be used in combination.
  • terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' may be made of a high heat conductive material, and the other may be made of the same material as the general positive electrode collector and the general negative electrode current collector. ..
  • the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the negative electrode cooling unit 50 are provided as the cooling unit, but one of the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the negative electrode cooling unit 50 may be omitted.
  • the terminal positive current collector 21a'and the terminal negative negative current collector 22a' is made of a high heat conductive material
  • the terminal positive current collector 21a' or the terminal negative negative current collector made of the high heat conductive material is used.
  • a cooling unit is provided so as to cool the body 22a'.
  • the separator 23 may be configured to be adhered to only one of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22, or may be configured not to be adhered to either the positive electrode 21 or the negative electrode 22.
  • the plan-view shapes of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the positive electrode active material layer 21b are not particularly limited. It may be a polygonal shape such as a rectangular shape, or it may be a circular shape or an elliptical shape. The same applies to the negative electrode current collector 22a and the negative electrode active material layer 22b.
  • the plan view shape of the seal portion 24 is not particularly limited, and may be a polygonal shape such as a rectangular shape, or may be a circular shape or an elliptical shape.
  • the seal portion 24 may be composed of a plurality of members.
  • the seal portion 24 may be composed of two members, an outer peripheral portion 24a and a portion other than the outer peripheral portion, and the seal portion 24 may be formed by welding the two members.
  • a plurality of members may be laminated in the stacking direction to form the seal portion 24.
  • the seal portion 24 may be composed of two members, an outer peripheral portion 24a and a portion other than the outer peripheral portion, and the portion other than the outer peripheral portion may be configured by laminating a plurality of members in the stacking direction.
  • the restraint member 60 is provided for the cell stack 30, but the restraint member 60 may be omitted.
  • the distance between the first surface 21a1 of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the first surface 22a1 of the negative electrode current collector 22a in the power storage cell 20 may be different for each part. In the stacking direction, the distance between the first surface 21a1 of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the first surface 22a1 of the negative electrode current collector 22a at the portion where the positive electrode active material layer 21b and the negative electrode active material layer 22b face each other.
  • the first distance is D1.
  • the first distance D1 corresponds to the total of the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer 21b, the thickness of the negative electrode active material layer 22b, and the thickness of the separator 23. Further, in the stacking direction, the distance between the first surface 21a1 of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the first surface 22a1 of the negative electrode current collector 22a at the portion where the seal portion 24 is adhered is defined as the second distance D2.
  • the second distance D2 corresponds to the thickness of the sealing portion 24 between the peripheral edge portion of the first surface 21a1 of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the peripheral edge portion of the first surface 22a1 of the negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • the second distance D2 is smaller than the first distance D1, that is, it is smaller than the thickness of the seal portion 24.
  • the constraint weight is applied by the restraint member 60 to the region in the opposite region of the cell stack 30 where the range where the positive electrode active material layer 21b is provided and the range where the negative electrode active material layer 22b is provided overlap. Can be applied more efficiently.
  • the second distance D2 is made excessively smaller than the first distance D1, the stress applied to the interface between the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a and the sealing portion 24 becomes large, and the positive electrode current collector 21a and the positive electrode current collector 21a and the sealing portion 24 are stressed.
  • the seal portion 24 may be easily peeled off from the negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 preferably satisfy the relationship of 0.6D1 ⁇ D2 ⁇ D1, more preferably 0.7D1 ⁇ D2 ⁇ 0.95D1. It is more preferable to satisfy the relationship of .8D1 ⁇ D2 ⁇ 0.9D1.
  • a resin layer 70 is provided as a covering portion covering the side surface of the cell stack 30 in the stacking direction in addition to the sealing portion 24.
  • a conductive layer in close contact with the positive electrode current collector 21a may be arranged between the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the positive electrode current collector 21a in order to improve the conductive contact between the two members.
  • the conductive layer include a layer containing carbon such as acetylene black or graphite, and a layer having a hardness lower than that of the positive electrode current collector 21a such as a plating layer containing Au or the like.
  • a similar conductive layer may be arranged between the negative electrode cooling unit 50 and the negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • the number of storage cells 20 constituting the power storage device 10 is not particularly limited.
  • the number of storage cells 20 constituting the power storage device 10 may be 1.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 21b or the negative electrode active material layer 22b may be provided on the second surface 21a2 of the positive electrode current collector 21a. Further, the positive electrode active material layer 21b or the negative electrode active material layer 22b may be provided on the second surface 22a2 of the negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • the electrode may be a bipolar electrode in which the positive electrode current collector 21a and the negative electrode current collector 22a are used as one current collector.
  • the current collector of the bipolar electrode include stainless steel foil (for example, SUS304, SUS316, SUS301, SUS304, etc. specified in JIS G 4305: 2015), copper foil, aluminum foil, and nickel foil.
  • a current collector in which two or more kinds of metal clad materials such as copper and aluminum, a plating material of two or more kinds of metals such as copper and aluminum, and two or more kinds of metal foils may be bonded may be used.
  • the aluminum layer can function as a positive electrode current collector 21a and the copper layer can function as a negative electrode current collector 22a.
  • the second surface 21a2 of the positive electrode current collector 21a which is the contact portion between the storage cells 20 adjacent to each other in the stacking direction, and the second surface 22a2 of the negative electrode current collector 22a may be adhered to each other.
  • a method of adhering the second surface 21a2 of the positive electrode current collector 21a and the second surface 22a2 of the negative electrode current collector 22a for example, a method using a conductive adhesive can be mentioned.
  • the power storage device 10 may be configured to include a cell stack stack 31 formed by stacking a plurality of cell stacks 30.
  • the plurality of cell stacks 30 are laminated so that the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' face each other.
  • the cell stack laminated body 31 for example, 1 to 8 cell stacks 30 are laminated.
  • the restraining member 60 is configured to apply a restraining load to the cell stack laminated body 31.
  • the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the negative electrode cooling unit 50 are omitted.
  • a cooling unit 80 is provided between all layers of the cell stacks 30 and between the cell stack 30 and the restraint plate 61 of the restraint member 60.
  • the cooling unit 80 provided between the layers of the cell stacks 30 cools both the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' facing each other with the cooling unit 80 interposed therebetween.
  • the specific configuration of the cooling unit 80 includes the positive electrode cooling unit 40 and the positive electrode cooling unit 40, except that the cooling unit 80 is provided so as to be in contact with both the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a ′ and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a ′ facing each other with the cooling unit 80 interposed therebetween. This is the same as the negative electrode cooling unit 50.
  • the cooling unit 80 is provided between all the layers of the cell stacks 30, but the cooling unit 80 may be provided only between some layers of the cell stacks 30.
  • the cell stack laminate 31 may be configured so that the positive electrode cooling unit 40 also functions as the negative electrode cooling unit 50.
  • a cell stack laminate 31 formed by stacking cell stacks 30 in which the negative electrode cooling unit 50 is omitted is used. Then, between the layers of the cell stacks 30, the positive electrode cooling unit 40 of one cell stack 30 is laminated so as to be in contact with the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a'of the other cell stack 30. In this case, the positive electrode cooling unit 40 also functions as the negative electrode cooling unit 50 for cooling the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a'of the adjacent cell stack 30.
  • the cell stack laminate 31 may be configured so that the negative electrode cooling unit 50 also functions as the positive electrode cooling unit 40.
  • the cell stack laminate 31 may include a cell stack 30 in which both the terminal positive electrode current collector 21a'and the terminal negative electrode current collector 22a' are made of a material other than the above-mentioned high thermal conductive material.
  • the power storage device 10 was actually manufactured, and the temperature change during discharge of the manufactured power storage device 10 was measured.
  • ⁇ Structure of storage cell> A storage cell 20 having the configuration shown below was manufactured.
  • Positive electrode current collector Aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.050 mm.
  • Positive electrode active material layer A mixture of olivine-type lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ), acetylene black (AB), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF).
  • Mass ratio of positive electrode active material layer 90: 5: 5 (LiFePO 4 : AB: PVdF) Metsuke amount of positive electrode active material layer: 55.5 mg / cm 2 Density of positive electrode active material layer: 2 g / cm 3 (Material for negative electrode) Negative electrode current collector: Copper foil with a thickness of 0.015 mm.
  • Negative electrode active material layer A mixture of artificial graphite (C), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). Mass ratio of negative electrode active material layer: 94.8: 0.8: 4.4 (C: CMC: SBR) Metsuke amount of negative electrode active material layer: 26.5 mg / cm 2 Density of negative electrode active material layer: 1.3 mg / cm 2 (Other materials) Separator: A porous sheet with a thickness of 18 ⁇ m having a ceramic layer.
  • Acid-modified polyethylene Liquid electrolyte In a mixed solvent in which ethylene carbonate and methyl propionate are mixed at a volume ratio of 15:85, LiN (FSO 2 ) 2 is dissolved at 1.2 M, and vinylene carbonate is 5 A liquid electrolyte to which 0.7% by mass and 1% by mass of lithium difluorooxalate borate (LiDFOB) are added.
  • LiDFOB lithium difluorooxalate borate
  • the power storage device 10 has a structure in which four cell stacks 30 are stacked.
  • a cooling unit 80 is arranged between all layers of the cell stacks 30 in the power storage device 10 and between the cell stacks 30 located at both ends in the stacking direction and the restraint member 60.
  • An aluminum plate was used for the cooling unit 80.
  • the cooling unit 80 located between the layers of the cell stacks 30 will be referred to as an inner cooling unit
  • the cooling unit 80 located between the cell stack 30 and the restraint member 60 will be referred to as an outer cooling unit.
  • first temperature sensors and a plurality of second temperature sensors for measuring the temperature of the cell stack 30 are attached to the manufactured power storage device 10.
  • the first temperature sensor is a thermistor sensor that measures the temperature of each surface facing the inner cooling portion in each cell stack 30.
  • the second temperature sensor is a thermistor sensor that measures the temperature of each surface facing the outer cooling portion in each cell stack 30 located at both ends in the stacking direction.
  • ⁇ Temperature measurement of power storage device The manufactured power storage device 10 was charged with a charging current of 3.78 A until any of the power storage cells 20 reached 3.75 V. After that, the charged power storage device 10 was left at a temperature of 25 ° C. to adjust the temperature of the power storage device 10 so that the temperature measured by each first temperature sensor and each second temperature sensor was 25 ° C. Next, at a temperature of 25 ° C., the charged power storage device 10 was discharged with a discharge current of 40 A until the discharge capacity reached 50 Ah, with the starting SOC as 100%. The temperature of each part of the cell stack 30 of the power storage device 10 during discharging was measured by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor. The results are shown in FIG.
  • the graph of FIG. 4 shows only one of the measurement results of the plurality of first temperature sensors, the measurement results of the first temperature sensor are all the measurement results of the first temperature sensor shown in the graph. It was similar. Further, the graph of FIG. 4 shows only one of the measurement results by the plurality of second temperature sensors, but the measurement results by the second temperature sensor are all the measurement results of the second temperature sensor shown in the graph. It was similar.
  • the temperature of each cell stack 30 of the power storage device 10 gradually increased as the discharge progressed.
  • the temperature of the power storage device 10 at the time of discharge is higher at the temperature inside the power storage device 10 measured by the first temperature sensor than at the temperature outside the power storage device 10 measured by the second temperature sensor. ..
  • the temperature of the power storage device 10 rises with the discharge, the temperature inside the power storage device 10 measured by the first temperature sensor and the temperature outside the power storage device 10 measured by the second temperature sensor. None of the temperatures exceeded 40 ° C. From this result, it can be seen that the temperature rise of the cell stack 30 can be suppressed by providing the cooling unit 80.
  • the power storage device 10 reaches a temperature at which an exothermic reaction occurs between the film on the surface of the negative electrode active material layer 22b formed based on the oxalate compound and the liquid electrolyte. It can be seen that the temperature rise of the above can be suppressed.

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EP4254589A1 (en) 2023-10-04
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