WO2022113263A1 - 無方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法、ならびに熱延鋼板 - Google Patents
無方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法、ならびに熱延鋼板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022113263A1 WO2022113263A1 PCT/JP2020/044202 JP2020044202W WO2022113263A1 WO 2022113263 A1 WO2022113263 A1 WO 2022113263A1 JP 2020044202 W JP2020044202 W JP 2020044202W WO 2022113263 A1 WO2022113263 A1 WO 2022113263A1
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- Prior art keywords
- steel sheet
- less
- hot
- oxides
- oriented electrical
- Prior art date
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000565 Non-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 11
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001224 Grain-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Mn]=O VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/04—Removing impurities other than carbon, phosphorus or sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular fabrication or treatment of ingot or slab
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1261—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1272—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/14766—Fe-Si based alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/14766—Fe-Si based alloys
- H01F1/14775—Fe-Si based alloys in the form of sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2202/00—Physical properties
- C22C2202/02—Magnetic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-oriented electrical steel sheet, a method for manufacturing the same, and a hot-rolled steel sheet as a material for the non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the steel sheet required for general-purpose models has a Si content of 1.5% or less, and is a material that dramatically improves iron loss by growing crystal grains during strain relief annealing performed after motor core punching. Is. In order to promote the growth of crystal grains during strain relief annealing, it is effective to reduce the amount of precipitates inevitably mixed in the steel or to detoxify such precipitates.
- Patent Document 1 C; ⁇ 0.065%, Si; ⁇ 2.0%, Al; ⁇ 0.10%, O; ⁇ 0.020%, B / N; 0.50 to 2. 50.
- the hot-rolled sheet obtained by hot-rolling a steel slab consisting of the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities is subjected to one cold rolling or two or more cold rolling including intermediate annealing to obtain the final dimensions, and further annealing.
- Disclosed is a method for manufacturing an electric iron plate having excellent magnetic properties, which is characterized by rolling.
- Patent Document 2 C: 0.015% or less, Si: 0.1 to 1.0%, sol. Al: 0.001 to 0.005%, Mn: 1.5% or less, S: 0.008% or less, N: 0.0050% or less, T.I. O: In non-oriented electrical steel sheets containing 0.02% or less, the ratio of the weight of MnO to the total weight of the three types of inclusions of SiO 2 , MnO, and Al 2 O 3 in the steel is 15% or less. Disclosed is a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a small iron loss and capable of achieving an average crystal grain size of 50 ⁇ m or more after magnetic baking.
- Patent Document 3 describes C: 0.01% or less in weight%, Si: 0.1% or more and 2.0% or less, Mn: 0.1% or more and 1.5% or less, and a method for deoxidizing steel.
- a non-oriented electrical steel sheet containing Al: 0.1% or less or Zr: 0.05% or less and composed of residual iron and unavoidable impurity elements the oxide in the steel has a diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m.
- Patent Document 4 in terms of mass%, C: 0.0050% or less, Si: 0.05 to 3.5%, Mn: 3.0% or less, Al: 3.0% or less, S: 0.008%.
- P 0.15% or less
- N 0.0050% or less
- Cu 0.2% or less are contained, and (S which is a Cu sulfide) / (S in steel) ⁇ 0.2, or ( A steel satisfying S) / (S) which is a Cu sulfide / (S) which is a Mn sulfide, and the number density of the sulfide containing Cu having a diameter of 0.03 to 0.20 ⁇ m in the steel plate is 0. .5 pieces / ⁇ m 3 or less non-directional electromagnetic steel sheets are disclosed.
- Patent Document 5 in mass%, Si: 1.5% or less, Mn: 0.4% or more and 1.5% or less, Sol. Al: 0.01% or more and 0.04% or less, Ti: 0.0015% or less, N: 0.0030% or less, S: 0.0010% or more and 0.0040% or less, B is 0. It contains 5 or more and 1.5 or less, and consists of the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- B is 0. It contains 5 or more and 1.5 or less, and consists of the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- the sulfides containing Mn 10% or more is complex-precipitated with B precipitates, and MnS, Cu 2 S and its composite sulfides are formed.
- the total distribution density is 3.0 ⁇ 10 5 pieces / mm 2 or less, and the distribution density of Ti precipitates less than 0.1 ⁇ m in diameter is 1.0 ⁇ 10 3 pieces / mm 2 or less.
- Non-directional electromagnetic steel sheets are disclosed.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 54-163720 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-195217 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 3-104844 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-2954 International Publication No. 2005/100627
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and has good grain growth in strain annealing, low iron loss after strain annealing, and high magnetic flux density after strain annealing.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, a method for producing the same, and a hot-rolled steel sheet that can be used as a material for the non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the gist thereof is the following non-oriented electrical steel sheet, its manufacturing method, and hot-rolled steel sheet.
- the chemical composition is mass%. C: 0.0050% or less, Si: 0.10 to 1.50%, Mn: 0.10 to 1.50%, sol. Al: 0.0050% or less, N: 0.0030% or less, S: 0.0040% or less, and O: 0.0050 to 0.0200%, It contains 0.0005 to 0.0200% in total of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca. Remaining: Fe and impurities, The number density N of oxides containing 20 to 60% O and 20 to 60% Si and having a diameter of 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m in mass% is 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 to 10 ⁇ 10 3 .
- the number density n of the oxides containing 1.0% or more in total of one or more of the above elements selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca in mass% is as follows. (I) Satisfy the equation, Non-oriented electrical steel sheet. n / N ⁇ 0.01 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (i)
- the average distance between the oxides is 30 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the average crystal grain size is 30 ⁇ m or less, and The average crystal grain size after strain relief annealing under the condition of holding at 750 ° C. for 2 hours is 50 ⁇ m or more.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to any one of (1) to (3) above.
- the Si addition amount M1 to the molten steel and the Si content M2 in the slab are adjusted so as to satisfy the following equation (ii).
- a part or all of the inner wall in contact with the molten steel contains an oxide containing at least one selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca in mass%, for a total of 3
- the time from the end of alloy addition to the start of the continuous casting step is set within the range of 30 to 180 minutes.
- the hot rolling step the slab is held for 15 to 240 minutes within a range where the temperature of the slab is 1050 ° C. or higher and lower than 1150 ° C., and then hot rolling is immediately performed on the slab.
- the temperature of the cold-rolled steel sheet is set to 800 ° C. or higher and lower than 850 ° C.
- the chemical composition is by mass%, C: 0.0050% or less, Si: 0.10 to 1.50%, Mn: 0.10 to 1.50%, sol. Al: 0.0050% or less, N: 0.0030% or less, S: 0.0040% or less, and O: 0.0050 to 0.0200%, It contains 0.0005 to 0.0200% in total of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca.
- the number density N of oxides containing 20 to 60% O and 20 to 60% Si and having a diameter of 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m in mass% is 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 to 10 ⁇ 10 3 .
- Pieces / cm 2 and Among the oxides, the number density n of the oxides containing 1.0% or more in total of one or more of the above elements selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca in mass% is as follows. (I) Satisfy the equation, Hot-rolled steel sheet. n / N ⁇ 0.01 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (i)
- the chemical composition is, instead of a part of the Fe, by mass%.
- Sn 0.50% or less, Contains, The hot-rolled steel sheet according to (8) above.
- the average distance between the oxides is 30 to 300 ⁇ m.
- a non-oriented electrical steel sheet When a non-oriented electrical steel sheet is used as a material for mechanical parts such as motor cores, it is first subjected to machining such as punching, and then subjected to strain relief annealing under conditions of holding at 750 ° C. for 2 hours, for example. .. During this strain-removal annealing, it is necessary to promote the grain growth of the steel sheet and reduce the iron loss of the steel sheet. Therefore, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet must have a feature that promotes grain growth during strain relief annealing.
- the present inventors have found that the iron loss of the steel sheet after strain relief annealing is improved when the oxide is finely deposited at the stage of manufacturing the slab which is the material of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet. .. It was considered that this was because MnS having a pinning effect was deposited on the surface of the finely divided oxide and detoxified. Further, among the oxides, an oxide containing 20 to 60% of O and 20 to 60% of Si and having a diameter of 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m (hereinafter, also referred to as “appropriate oxide”) is particularly preferable. The present inventors have found that the effect of detoxifying inclusions is remarkable, and that the iron loss of the steel sheet can be improved by optimizing the number density of the inclusions.
- the present inventors used oxides containing these elements for the inner wall of the nozzle used during continuous casting, and utilized the melting damage of the nozzles to these. It has been found that when the element of No. 1 is added to molten steel, La and the like do not form inclusions by themselves, but are contained in the above-mentioned proper oxide and are finely dispersed. As a result, the detoxification effect of MnS can be stably obtained. It is not necessary that La or the like is contained in all of the appropriate oxides, and if it is contained in a part thereof, the effect is sufficiently exhibited.
- the C content is set to 0.0050% or less.
- the C content is 0.0030% or less, or 0.0020% or less. Since the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment does not require C, the lower limit of the C content is 0%. However, considering the cost of removing C mixed as an impurity, for example, the lower limit of the C content may be 0.0001%, 0.0002%, or 0.0005%.
- Si 0.10 to 1.50%
- Si is an effective element for increasing electrical resistance. In addition, it is an essential element for forming the above-mentioned proper oxide. However, if an amount of Si exceeding 1.50% is contained, the hardness of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet increases, the magnetic flux density decreases, and the manufacturing cost increases. Therefore, the Si content is set to 0.10 to 1.50%.
- the Si content is preferably 0.20% or more, 0.40% or more, or 0.80% or more.
- the Si content is preferably 1.40% or less, 1.20% or less, or 1.00% or less.
- Mn 0.10 to 1.50%
- Mn is an element effective not only for forming sulfide but also for increasing the electric resistance of non-oriented electrical steel sheets. It also has the effect of preventing hot cracking.
- the Mn content is set to 0.10 to 1.50% or less.
- the Mn content is preferably 0.20% or more, 0.40% or more, or 0.80% or more.
- the Mn content is preferably 1.40% or less, 1.20% or less, or 1.00% or less.
- sol. Al 0.0050% or less
- Al is an element usually used for deoxidizing steel.
- Si since Si is used for deoxidation, Al is not required for the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment. Further, if Al is excessively contained, an appropriate oxide containing Si is not formed. Therefore, sol.
- the Al content is 0.0050% or less.
- sol. The Al content is preferably 0.0045% or less, or 0.0040% or less.
- the lower limit of the Al content may be 0.0001%, 0.0002%, or 0.0005%.
- N 0.0030% or less
- N is an element that may form a nitride and inhibit crystal grain growth. Therefore, it is preferable to reduce the N content as much as possible. However, it is industrially difficult to reduce the content of N mixed in steel as an impurity to zero.
- the N content is set to 0.0030% or less as a harmless permissible amount. Further, the lower limit of the N content may be 0.0001%, 0.0002%, or 0.0005%.
- S 0.0040% or less
- S is an element that may generate sulfide and inhibit crystal grain growth. Therefore, it is preferable to reduce the S content as much as possible. However, it is industrially difficult to reduce the content of S mixed in steel as an impurity to zero.
- S is deposited on the surface of the oxide to make S harmless. However, if the S content exceeds 0.0040%, the amount of sulfide precipitated increases, making it difficult to detoxify S and inhibiting crystal grain growth. Therefore, the S content is set to 0.0040% or less. Further, the lower limit of the S content may be 0.0001%, 0.0002%, or 0.0005%.
- O 0.0050 to 0.0200%
- O is an essential element for forming an oxide. If the O content is too low, the required amount of oxide cannot be secured. On the other hand, if the O content exceeds 0.0200%, not only the effect is saturated, but also the number density of the appropriate oxides becomes excessive, and these appropriate oxides are aggregated. Therefore, the O content is set to 0.0050 to 0.0200%.
- the O content is preferably 0.0055% or more, 0.0060% or more, or 0.0080% or more.
- the O content is preferably 0.0180% or less, 0.0150% or less, or 0.0100% or less.
- One or more selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca 0.0005 to 0.0200% in total
- La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca in an oxide mainly composed of O and Si, the effect of detoxifying sulfide more effectively and stably can be obtained.
- the content of these elements is set to 0.0005 to 0.0200% in total.
- the total content of these elements is preferably 0.0008% or more, 0.0010% or more, or 0.0020% or more, preferably 0.0150% or less, 0.0100% or less, 0.0080% or less. , 0.0070% or less, or preferably 0.0060% or less. Since the action and effect of La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca are substantially the same in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment, their contents are defined by the total content.
- Sn 0.50% or less
- Sn is not essential in the present invention.
- Sn has a function of suppressing nitriding and oxidation of the surface of the steel sheet during strain relief annealing, and is also an effective element for improving the magnetic flux density. From the above, an appropriate amount of Sn may be contained. However, even if Sn is contained in an amount of more than 0.50%, the effect is saturated and the manufacturing cost is increased. Therefore, the Sn content when contained is set to 0.50% or less.
- the Sn content is preferably 0.45% or less, 0.40% or less, or 0.30% or less.
- the Sn content is preferably 0.01% or more, 0.02% or more, 0.03%, or 0.05%.
- the balance is Fe and impurities.
- Impurities are components that are mixed in by raw materials such as ore or scrap, or by various factors in the manufacturing process when steel materials are industrially manufactured, and have an adverse effect on the non-directional electromagnetic steel plate according to the present embodiment. It means what is allowed within the range that does not give.
- the oxides contained in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet and the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment will be described.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet and the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment are appropriate oxides having a mass% of 20 to 60% of O and 20 to 60% of Si and a diameter of 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m. Contains.
- the number density N of this appropriate oxide is 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 to 10 ⁇ 10 3 / cm 2 . Since the number density of the appropriate oxide is measured in the cross section of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet and the hot-rolled steel sheet, it is defined as the number per unit area.
- sulfides such as MnS that hinder the growth of crystal grains in non-oriented electrical steel sheets are detoxified by oxides.
- the mechanism is presumed to be as follows. When casting a slab, which is a material for grain-oriented electrical steel sheets, oxides are first formed, and then MnS is deposited. Here, MnS is deposited on the surface of the oxide. When a large amount of oxide having a predetermined particle size is generated in the molten steel, the number of MnS precipitation portions increases, which causes MnS to be detoxified.
- the oxide effective for finely dispersing MnS has a chemical composition of 20 to 60% by mass, 20 to 60% of O, and 20 to 60% of Si. It is considered that MnS tends to be difficult to precipitate on the surface of the oxide having a chemical composition outside this range. Therefore, in the non-oriented electrical steel sheets and hot-rolled steel sheets according to the present embodiment, the number density of oxides having the above chemical composition is specified.
- oxides having the above chemical composition and having a diameter of 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m are effective. Oxides with a diameter of less than 1.0 ⁇ m are not preferred because they themselves inhibit grain growth. Further, as the amount of coarse oxide having a diameter of more than 5.0 ⁇ m increases, the number density of oxides decreases. Therefore, in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet and the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment, the number density of oxides having a diameter of 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m is specified.
- the number density N of appropriate oxides satisfying the above requirements is 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 to 10 ⁇ 10 3 / cm 2 . If the number density N of the appropriate oxides is less than 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 / cm 2 , the number of MnS precipitation sites becomes insufficient, and detoxification of MnS cannot be achieved. On the other hand, when the number density N of appropriate oxides exceeds 10 ⁇ 10 3 / cm 2 , it is difficult to disperse them uniformly. That is, if the number density of the appropriate oxides is excessive, these appropriate oxides are aggregated and the fine dispersion effect of MnS cannot be obtained.
- the number density N of the appropriate oxides is preferably 3.5 ⁇ 10 3 pieces / cm 2 or more, 4.0 ⁇ 10 3 pieces / cm 2 or more, or 5.0 ⁇ 10 3 pieces / cm 2 or more. ..
- oxides that do not meet the above requirements regarding chemical composition and particle size for example, oxides having a diameter of less than 1.0 ⁇ m and oxides having a diameter of more than 5.0 ⁇ m
- chemical composition and particle size for example, oxides having a diameter of less than 1.0 ⁇ m and oxides having a diameter of more than 5.0 ⁇ m
- the number density N of appropriate oxides is controlled to 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 to 10 ⁇ 10 3 pieces / cm 2
- the oxides The source element is consumed to produce the proper oxide.
- the formation of oxides that do not meet the above requirements such as oxides having a diameter of less than 1.0 ⁇ m and oxides having a diameter of more than 5.0 ⁇ m, is inevitably suppressed. Therefore, it is not necessary to specify the number density of oxides that do not meet the above requirements.
- n of oxides containing 0% or more satisfies the following formula (i). n / N ⁇ 0.01 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (i)
- La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca (hereinafter, also referred to as "La and the like") produce not only oxides but also sulfides, but inclusions produced from these elemental substances alone have a diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more. And coarse.
- the oxide containing O and Si as main components can exist in a relatively fine and dispersed state having a diameter of 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m as described above.
- these elements can be dispersed at a high density that cannot be achieved by the oxide or sulfide such as La.
- La or the like takes in S, which is an impurity element, to generate sulfide on the oxide, and can efficiently and stably detoxify S.
- the above-mentioned effect can be obtained when the total concentration of La or the like in the appropriate oxide is 1.0% by mass or more.
- the number density n of the appropriate oxide containing La or the like (hereinafter, also referred to as “La or the like-containing oxide”) is 1% or more of the number density N of the appropriate oxide. That is, the value of n / N is 0.01 or more.
- the total concentration of La or the like in the appropriate oxide may be 5.0% by mass or more, 10.0% by mass or more, or 20.0% by mass or more.
- the number density N of the appropriate oxide is measured by the following procedure. Oxides contained in non-oriented electrical steel sheets or hot-rolled steel sheets are observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The observation magnification is 1000 times. The area of the observation field of view is 25 mm 2 , and the number of observation points is 4 (that is, the total area of the observation field of view is 100 mm 2 ).
- the chemical composition of each oxide is measured by the energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDS) attached to the SEM, and each oxide is by mass%, O is 20 to 60%, and Si is 20 to 20. It is determined whether or not it contains 60%.
- EDS energy dispersive X-ray analyzer
- the circle-equivalent diameter of the cross-sectional area of the oxide is regarded as the oxide diameter, and the circle-equivalent diameter of each oxide is 1. It is determined whether or not the diameter is 0 to 5.0 ⁇ m. From these results, an oxide containing 20 to 60% O and 20 to 60% Si in mass% and having a diameter of 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m is regarded as an appropriate oxide, and is appropriate in each electron micrograph. Identify the location of the oxide. Then, the number density of appropriate oxides is calculated by dividing the number of appropriate oxides contained in all electron micrographs by the total field area of all electron micrographs. In addition, a plurality of oxides may be observed to be aggregated. In that case, the equivalent circle diameter is measured individually, and if the diameter is 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m, each is regarded as an appropriate oxide. Judgment will be made and all the numbers will be counted.
- the ratio (n / N) of the number density n of the oxide containing La etc. to the number density N of the appropriate oxide is obtained by the following procedure.
- the chemical composition of each appropriate oxide is measured by the energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDS) attached to the TEM, and each appropriate oxide is selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca. It is determined whether or not the above elements are contained in an amount of 1.0% by mass or more in total.
- An oxide containing 1.0% by mass or more of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca, which is an appropriate oxide, is regarded as an oxide containing La and the like.
- the position of the oxide containing La etc. in each electron micrograph is specified.
- the average distance between the appropriate oxides is 30 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the average distance between the appropriate oxides is preferably 30 ⁇ m or more.
- the average distance between the appropriate oxides is 300 ⁇ m or less, the appropriate oxides are in a state of being appropriately dispersed, so that it is possible to sufficiently secure the precipitation site of MnS. Therefore, the average distance between appropriate oxides is preferably 300 ⁇ m or less. It is more preferable that the average distance between the appropriate oxides is 35 ⁇ m or more, 40 ⁇ m or more, or 50 ⁇ m or more. Further, the average distance between the appropriate oxides is more preferably 280 ⁇ m or less, 250 ⁇ m or less, or 220 ⁇ m or less.
- the average spacing of the appropriate oxides is determined by measuring the distance between the appropriate oxides based on the information on the diameter and position of the appropriate oxides in each electron micrograph, and calculating the average value. Ask for it.
- the distance may be 0 because the appropriate oxides are attached to each other.
- the one with a distance of 0 is not used for calculating the average value. That is, even if the number densities of the oxides are the same, if agglomeration occurs partially, the average interval becomes large.
- the crystal grain size of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment is not particularly specified. As described above, when the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is used after being machined and subjected to strain-removal annealing, the crystal grain size changes depending on the conditions of strain-removal annealing. Considering the above-mentioned actual usage, it is not essential to specify the crystal grain size at the stage of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet as long as the grain growth property in the strain-removing annealing is good. However, when the average crystal grain size is 30 ⁇ m or less, the punching workability is improved. Therefore, the average crystal grain size may be defined as 30 ⁇ m or less. As a means for reducing the average crystal grain size to 30 ⁇ m or less, a known technique can be appropriately used.
- non-oriented electrical steel sheets are subjected to machining and strain removal annealing after shipment.
- the average crystal grain size after the strain-removing annealing is 50 ⁇ m or more, the iron loss characteristics are extremely improved.
- the chemical composition and the state of the oxide of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment are preferably controlled, the average crystal grain size after strain removal and annealing under the condition of holding at 750 ° C. for 2 hours is 50 ⁇ m or more. It becomes.
- the strain-removing annealing conditions are not limited to the above conditions, and the annealing temperature and time may be appropriately changed in consideration of both equipment restrictions and promotion of crystal grain growth.
- the average crystal grain size of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet can be obtained by the following method.
- the L cross section (cross section parallel to the rolling direction) of the non-directional electromagnetic steel plate is polished and etched, and observed with an optical microscope.
- the observation magnification is 100 times, the area of the observation field of view is 0.5 mm 2 , and the number of observation points is 3.
- JIS G 0551: 2013 "Steel-grain size microscopic test method" to these optical micrographs, the average crystal grain size of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet is obtained.
- the manufacturing method of the non-directional electromagnetic steel sheet according to the present embodiment includes a refining step, a continuous casting step, a hot rolling step, a pickling step, a cold rolling step, and a finish annealing step.
- the refining process and the continuous casting process are particularly important for the control of oxides.
- (A) Refining process In the refining process, molten steel is manufactured. This step is a step of preparing the components of the slab by adding an alloying element to the molten steel. After the addition of the predetermined alloy to the molten steel is completed, the amount of oxide produced gradually increases until the molten steel solidifies through the continuous casting step described later. Furthermore, oxides that float and are incorporated into the slag are also generated. Therefore, in order to set the number density of appropriate oxides to 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 to 10 ⁇ 10 3 / cm 2 , first, the oxygen content of the molten steel before the alloy addition is 0.010 to 0.010 by mass. Adjust to 0.050%. When the amount of oxygen is insufficient, the number density of oxides produced is insufficient. On the other hand, when the amount of oxygen is excessive, the number density of oxides increases excessively and the oxides aggregate.
- the Si addition amount M1 (mass%) to the molten steel and the Si content M2 (mass%) in the slab finally obtained in the subsequent continuous casting step satisfy the following equation (ii).
- the Si addition amount M1 to the molten steel is a value (%) obtained by dividing the total mass of Si added to the molten steel by the total mass of the molten steel.
- the Si content M2 of the slab is the Si content in the chemical composition of the slab, and is substantially the same as the Si content of the hot-rolled steel sheet and the non-oriented electrical steel sheet obtained from the slab. 0.90 ⁇ M2 / M1 ⁇ 1.10 ... (ii)
- the Si content M2 in the molten steel is substantially the same as the Si content of the finally obtained hot-rolled steel sheet and non-oriented electrical steel sheet. Therefore, the Si content M2 in the molten steel is set to 0.10 to 1.50%.
- the time from the completion of alloy addition to the start of the continuous casting process is preferably 30 minutes or more in consideration of the time required for the coarse oxide to float from the molten steel.
- the time is preferably 180 minutes or less.
- (B) Continuous casting process The molten steel produced in the refining process is continuously cast in the continuous casting process to produce a slab having the above-mentioned chemical composition.
- This step is an important step for including La or the like in some appropriate oxides.
- La or the like is added by means such as adding misch metal, a violent reaction occurs between these elements and the molten steel, a significant decrease in the amount of oxygen in the steel, and mixing of impurity elements in the slag into the molten steel. Occurs.
- the resulting oxides are also very coarse with a diameter of more than 5 ⁇ m.
- a part or all of the inner wall in contact with the molten steel is composed of a material containing an oxide containing La and the like in a mass% of 3 to 60% in total.
- a nozzle La or the like is supplied into the steel by melting the inner wall of the nozzle that comes into contact with the molten steel.
- (C) Hot-rolling process In the hot-rolling process, the slab obtained by the continuous casting process is heated and then hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet. By this step, a hot-rolled steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention is manufactured.
- the steps after the hot rolling step do not substantially affect the chemical composition and the state of the oxide. Therefore, as described above, the chemical composition and the state of the oxide of the hot-rolled steel sheet are common to those of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment.
- the slab heating temperature before hot rolling is preferably less than 1150 ° C. Further, from the viewpoint of ensuring rollability, it is preferable to set the lower limit of the slab heating temperature before hot rolling to 1050 ° C. Further, it is preferable to perform hot rolling on the slab immediately after holding for 15 to 240 minutes in a temperature range of 1050 ° C or higher and lower than 1150 ° C.
- the rolling reduction in the hot rolling process is not particularly limited, but is preferably 90% or more.
- the thickness of the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet is also not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.0 to 4.0 mm, more preferably 2.0 to 3.0 mm.
- (D) Pickling step In the pickling step, the hot-rolled steel sheet obtained by the hot-rolling step is pickled.
- the pickling conditions are not particularly limited, and may be within the normal range in the manufacturing conditions of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- (E) Cold-rolled step In the cold-rolled step, the hot-rolled steel sheet after pickling is cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet.
- the cold rolling conditions are not particularly limited, and may be within the normal range in the manufacturing conditions of non-oriented electrical steel sheets.
- the rolling reduction in the cold rolling step is preferably 50 to 95%, more preferably 75 to 85%.
- finish annealing step finish annealing is applied to the cold-rolled steel sheet obtained by the cold-rolling step.
- the maximum temperature reached the temperature of the cold-rolled steel sheet
- the crystal grain size becomes too large, and there is a possibility that defects occur in the punching process performed before the strain-removal annealing.
- the maximum temperature reached is preferably less than 850 ° C.
- the maximum temperature reached is less than 800 ° C., recrystallization may be insufficient and defects may occur in the punching process. In order to avoid this, it is preferable that the maximum temperature reached is 800 ° C. or higher.
- the time for the temperature of the cold-rolled steel sheet to reach 800 ° C. or higher should be 15 seconds or less. preferable.
- the thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet manufactured through the above steps is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mm, more preferably 0.2 to 0.7 mm. ..
- a slab is manufactured by performing a smelting process and a continuous casting process under various conditions, and the obtained slab is subjected to a hot rolling process, a pickling process, a cold rolling process, and a finishing annealing process in order, so that the slab is non-directional.
- a sex electromagnetic steel plate was manufactured.
- the chemical composition of non-oriented electrical steel sheets is shown in Table 1, and the manufacturing conditions for these are shown in Table 2.
- Each steel sheet was manufactured 5 times under the same conditions. Further, in all the steel sheets, the time for the temperature of the steel sheet to reach 800 ° C. or higher in the finish annealing step was 15 seconds or less.
- the ratio (n / N) of the number density n of the oxide containing La etc. to the number density N of the appropriate oxide and the number density N of the appropriate oxide is appropriate by the following method.
- the average spacing of the oxides and the average crystal grain size were measured. Then, the measured values obtained from the five steel plates were averaged and used as the respective measurement results.
- the oxide contained in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet was observed by SEM at an observation magnification of 1000 times.
- the area of the observation field of view was 25 mm 2
- the number of observation points was 4 (that is, the total area of the observation field of view was 100 mm 2 ).
- the chemical composition of each oxide is measured by the EDS attached to the SEM, and it is determined whether or not each oxide contains 20 to 60% O and 20 to 60% Si by mass%. did.
- the circle-equivalent diameter of the cross-sectional area of the oxide is regarded as the oxide diameter, and the circle-equivalent diameter of each oxide is 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m by image analysis of the electron micrograph taken by TEM. It was determined whether or not there was. From these results, an oxide containing 20 to 60% O and 20 to 60% Si in mass% and having a diameter of 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m is regarded as an appropriate oxide, and is appropriate in each electron micrograph. The position of the oxide was identified. Then, the number density of appropriate oxides was calculated by dividing the number of appropriate oxides contained in all electron micrographs by the total field area of all electron micrographs.
- each appropriate oxide is measured by the EDS attached to the TEM, and one or more elements selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca for each appropriate oxide are collectively 1 It was determined whether or not it contained 0.0% by mass or more.
- An oxide containing 1.0% by mass or more of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca, which is an appropriate oxide, is regarded as an oxide containing La and the like. The position of the oxide containing La etc. in each electron micrograph was specified.
- the average spacing of the appropriate oxides is calculated by measuring the distance between the appropriate oxides based on the information on the diameter and position of the appropriate oxides in each electron micrograph, which is specified by the above procedure. I asked for it.
- the L cross section of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet was polished and etched, and observed with an optical microscope.
- the observation magnification was 100 times, the area of the observation field of view was 0.5 mm 2 , and the number of observation points was 3.
- the average crystal grain size of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet was determined by applying JIS G 0551: 2013 "Steel-grain size microscopic test method" to these optical micrographs.
- the obtained non-oriented electrical steel sheet was subjected to strain-removal annealing by holding it at 750 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the following characteristic evaluations were carried out on the non-oriented electrical steel sheets after strain removal and annealing.
- (B) Magnetic Flux Density After Strain Removal and Annealing The magnetic flux density (B 50 ) of the steel sheet after strain removal and annealing was measured in accordance with JIS C 2552: 2014 “Directional Electromagnetic Steel Band”. It was judged that the non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a B50 of 1.70 T or more of the steel sheet after strain relief annealing was excellent in the magnetic flux density after strain cancellation annealing.
- (D) Punching workability The punching workability was evaluated using non-oriented electrical steel sheets after finish annealing before strain relief annealing. Specifically, the steel sheet was punched out with a clearance of 7% or more and 12% or less of the plate thickness. The burrs height at the punched portion was measured. For the sample having a burrs height of 30 ⁇ m or less, the punching processability was judged to be “good” (symbol A). For the sample having a burrs height of more than 30 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m or less, the punching processability was judged to be “possible” (symbol B). For the sample having a burrs height of more than 100 ⁇ m, the punching processability was judged to be “impossible” (symbol C).
- the test No. that satisfies the provisions of the present invention. It can be seen that 1 to 8, 22, 23 and 25 to 27 stably exhibit excellent magnetic characteristics. On the other hand, the test No. 1 whose chemical composition does not satisfy the provisions of the present invention. In 9 to 16, at least one of iron loss and magnetic properties was deteriorated. In addition, the test No. In No. 17, since none of La, Ce, Zr, Mg and Ca was contained, an oxide containing La or the like was not formed. Therefore, although the average value of iron loss is low, the maximum value of iron loss is high because MnS cannot be stably detoxified.
- the present invention it is possible to stably provide non-oriented electrical steel sheets having good grain growth property in strain relief annealing and excellent magnetic properties at low cost. Therefore, the present invention has extremely high industrial applicability.
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Abstract
Description
C:0.0050%以下、
Si:0.10~1.50%、
Mn:0.10~1.50%、
sol.Al:0.0050%以下、
N:0.0030%以下、
S:0.0040%以下、および
O:0.0050~0.0200%、を含有し、
La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaからなる群から選択される1種以上の元素を、合計で0.0005~0.0200%含有し、
残部:Feおよび不純物であり、
質量%で、Oを20~60%、およびSiを20~60%含み、直径が1.0~5.0μmである酸化物の個数密度Nが、3.0×103~10×103個/cm2であり、かつ、
前記酸化物のうち、質量%で、La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaからなる群から選択される1種以上の前記元素を合計で1.0%以上含む酸化物の個数密度nが、下記(i)式を満足する、
無方向性電磁鋼板。
n/N≧0.01 ・・・(i)
Sn:0.50%以下、
を含有する、
上記(1)に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。
上記(1)または(2)に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。
750℃で2時間保持する条件で歪取焼鈍を行った後の平均結晶粒径が50μm以上である、
上記(1)から(3)までのいずれか一項に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。
溶鋼を製造する精錬工程と、
前記溶鋼を連続鋳造して、請求項1または請求項2に記載の化学組成を有するスラブを製造する連続鋳造工程と、
得られた前記スラブを加熱した後に熱間圧延を施し、熱延鋼板とする熱延工程と、
前記熱延鋼板に対して、酸洗を施す酸洗工程と、
酸洗後の前記熱延鋼板に対して冷間圧延を施し、冷延鋼板とする冷延工程と、
前記冷延鋼板に対して仕上焼鈍を施す仕上焼鈍工程と、を備え、
前記精錬工程において、
合金添加前の前記溶鋼の酸素量を、質量%で、0.010~0.050%とし、
次いで、前記溶鋼へのSi添加量M1と、前記スラブ中のSi含有量M2とが、下記(ii)式を満足するように調整し、
前記連続鋳造工程において、前記溶鋼と接触する内壁の一部または全部が、La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaからなる群から選択される1種以上を含む酸化物を、質量%で、合計3~60%含有する材料によって構成されたノズルを使用する、
無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
0.90≦M2/M1≦1.10 ・・・(ii)
前記熱延工程において、前記スラブの温度が1050℃以上1150℃未満となる範囲内で15~240分保持した後、直ちに、前記スラブに対して熱間圧延を施す、
上記(5)に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
上記(5)または(6)に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
化学組成が、質量%で、
C:0.0050%以下、
Si:0.10~1.50%、
Mn:0.10~1.50%、
sol.Al:0.0050%以下、
N:0.0030%以下、
S:0.0040%以下、および
O:0.0050~0.0200%、を含有し、
La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaからなる群から選択される1種以上の元素を、合計で0.0005~0.0200%含有し、
残部:Feおよび不純物であり、
質量%で、Oを20~60%、およびSiを20~60%含み、直径が1.0~5.0μmである酸化物の個数密度Nが、3.0×103~10×103個/cm2であり、かつ、
前記酸化物のうち、質量%で、La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaからなる群から選択される1種以上の前記元素を合計で1.0%以上含む酸化物の個数密度nが、下記(i)式を満足する、
熱延鋼板。
n/N≧0.01 ・・・(i)
Sn:0.50%以下、
を含有する、
上記(8)に記載の熱延鋼板。
上記(8)または(9)に記載の熱延鋼板。
本発明の一実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板および熱延鋼板の化学組成について説明する。各元素の限定理由は下記のとおりである。なお、以下の説明において含有量についての「%」は、「質量%」を意味する。
Cは、磁気時効によって鉄損を劣化させる。そのため、C含有量は0.0050%以下とする。好ましくは、C含有量は0.0030%以下、または0.0020%以下である。なお、本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板はCを必要としないので、C含有量の下限値は0%である。しかし、不純物として混入するCを除去するコストを考慮すると、例えばC含有量の下限値を0.0001%、0.0002%、または0.0005%としてもよい。
Siは、電気抵抗を増加させるために有効な元素である。加えて、上記の適正酸化物を形成するために必須の元素である。しかし、1.50%を超える量のSiを含有させると、無方向性電磁鋼板の硬度上昇、磁束密度の低下、および製造コスト増等が生じる。そのため、Si含有量は0.10~1.50%とする。Si含有量は0.20%以上、0.40%以上、または0.80%以上であるのが好ましい。また、Si含有量は1.40%以下、1.20%以下、または1.00%以下であるのが好ましい。
Mnは、硫化物を形成するだけでなく、無方向性電磁鋼板の電気抵抗を増加させるために有効な元素である。また、熱間割れを防止する効果も有する。ただし、Mn含有量が過剰である場合、変態温度が下がり過ぎて、歪取焼鈍において結晶粒径を大きくすることができない。そのため、Mn含有量は0.10~1.50%以下とする。Mn含有量は0.20%以上、0.40%以上、または0.80%以上であるのが好ましい。また、Mn含有量は1.40%以下、1.20%以下、または1.00%以下であるのが好ましい。
Alは通常、鋼の脱酸に用いられる元素である。しかしながら、本発明では、Siを利用して脱酸をするため、Alは本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板に必要とされない。また、Alを過剰に含有させるとSiを含む適正酸化物が形成されなくなる。したがって、sol.Al含有量は0.0050%以下とする。sol.Al含有量は0.0045%以下、または0.0040%以下であるのが好ましい。ただし、不純物として混入するAlを除去するコストを考慮すると、例えばsol.Al含有量の下限値を0.0001%、0.0002%、または0.0005%としてもよい。
Nは、窒化物を生成して結晶粒成長を阻害するおそれを有する元素である。したがって、N含有量は可能な限り低減することが好ましい。しかしながら、不純物として鋼中に混入するNの含有量をゼロにすることは工業的には難しい。本発明では、無害な許容量として、N含有量を0.0030%以下とする。また、N含有量の下限値を0.0001%、0.0002%、または0.0005%としてもよい。
Sは、硫化物を生成して結晶粒成長を阻害するおそれを有する元素である。したがって、S含有量は可能な限り低減することが好ましい。しかしながら、不純物として鋼中に混入するSの含有量をゼロにすることは工業的には難しい。本発明では、Sを酸化物の表面に析出させて、Sの無害化を図る。ただし、S含有量が0.0040%を超えると硫化物の析出量そのものが増え、Sの無害化が困難となり、結晶粒成長が阻害される。そのため、S含有量は0.0040%以下とする。また、S含有量の下限値を0.0001%、0.0002%、または0.0005%としてもよい。
Oは、酸化物を形成するために必須の元素である。O含有量が少なすぎると、必要な酸化物の量が確保できなくなる。一方で、O含有量が0.0200%を超えるとその効果が飽和するだけでなく、適正酸化物の個数密度が過剰となり、これら適正酸化物が凝集してしまう。そのため、O含有量は0.0050~0.0200%とする。O含有量は0.0055%以上、0.0060%以上、または0.0080%以上であるのが好ましい。また、O含有量は0.0180%以下、0.0150%以下、または0.0100%以下であるのが好ましい。
La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaを、OとSiとを主体とする酸化物に含有させることで、硫化物をより効果的かつ安定的に無害化する効果が得られる。一方、これらの元素の含有量を過剰に増やした場合、鋼中の酸素量を減らし、その上、粗大な単体酸化物を生成し、上記の効果が得られなくなってしまう。そのため、La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaからなる群から選択される一種以上の元素の含有量を、合計で0.0005~0.0200%とする。これらの元素の合計含有量は、0.0008%以上、0.0010%以上、または0.0020%以上であるのが好ましく、0.0150%以下、0.0100%以下、0.0080%以下、0.0070%以下、または0.0060%以下であるのが好ましい。なお、La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaの作用効果は、本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板においては実質的に同様であるので、これらの含有量は合計含有量によって規定される。
本発明において、Snは必須ではない。しかし、Snは歪取焼鈍中の鋼板表面の窒化および酸化を抑制する働きを有し、その上、磁束密度の向上にも有効な元素である。以上のことから、適量のSnを含有させてもよい。しかしながら、0.50%を超えてSnを含有させても、効果が飽和し、その上製造コストを増大させる。そのため、含有させる場合のSn含有量は0.50%以下とする。Sn含有量は0.45%以下、0.40%以下、または0.30%以下であるのが好ましい。なお、上記の効果を得たい場合には、Sn含有量を0.01%以上、0.02%以上、0.03%、または0.05%とするのが好ましい。
本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板および熱延鋼板が含有する酸化物について説明する。本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板および熱延鋼板は、質量%で、Oを20~60%、およびSiを20~60%含み、直径が1.0~5.0μmである適正酸化物を含有する。この適正酸化物の個数密度Nは、3.0×103~10×103個/cm2である。適正酸化物の個数密度は、無方向性電磁鋼板および熱延鋼板の断面において測定されるため、単位面積当たりの個数として規定される。
n/N≧0.01 ・・・(i)
本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板の結晶粒径は特に規定されない。無方向性電磁鋼板は、上述のとおり、機械加工および歪取焼鈍を経てから使用されるところ、歪取焼鈍の条件に応じて結晶粒径が変化する。上述の使用実態を考慮すると、歪取焼鈍における粒成長性が良好である限り、無方向性電磁鋼板の段階で結晶粒径を規定することは必須ではない。しかし、平均結晶粒径を30μm以下にすると打ち抜き加工性が向上する。そのため、平均結晶粒径は30μm以下と規定してもよい。平均結晶粒径を30μm以下にするための手段としては、公知の技術を適宜用いることができる。
本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法は、精錬工程、連続鋳造工程、熱延工程、酸洗工程、冷延工程、および仕上焼鈍工程を備える。これらの中でも、特に精錬工程および連続鋳造工程が、酸化物の制御のために重要である。
精錬工程において、溶鋼を製造する。本工程は、溶鋼に合金元素を添加することによって、スラブの成分を調製する工程である。この所定の合金の溶鋼への添加を完了した後、後述する連続鋳造工程を経て、溶鋼が凝固するまでの間に、酸化物の生成量は徐々に増える。さらには、浮上してスラグ中に取り込まれる酸化物も発生する。そのため、適正酸化物の個数密度を3.0×103~10×103個/cm2とするためには、まず、合金添加前の溶鋼の酸素量を、質量%で、0.010~0.050%に調整する。酸素量が不足している場合、生成する酸化物の個数密度が不足する。一方、酸素量が過剰である場合、酸化物の個数密度が過剰に増大し、かつ酸化物が凝集する。
0.90≦M2/M1≦1.10 ・・・(ii)
精錬工程で製造された溶鋼を、連続鋳造工程において連続鋳造して、上述した化学組成を有するスラブを製造する。本工程は、一部の適正酸化物に、La等を含有させるために重要な工程である。La等は、ミッシュメタルの投入等の手段によって添加した場合、これら元素と溶鋼との間で激しい反応が生じ、鋼中酸素量の著しい減少、およびスラグ内不純物元素の溶鋼中への混入などが生じる。その上、生じる酸化物も、直径が5μmを超える非常に粗大なものとなる。
熱延工程において、連続鋳造工程によって得られたスラブを加熱した後に熱間圧延を施し、熱延鋼板とする。本工程によって、本発明の一実施形態に係る熱延鋼板が製造される。なお、熱延工程以降の工程が化学組成および酸化物の状態に実質的な影響を与えることはない。そのため、上述のように、熱延鋼板の化学組成および酸化物の状態は、本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板と共通している。
酸洗工程において、熱延工程によって得られた熱延鋼板に対して、酸洗を施す。酸洗条件は特に限定されず、無方向性電磁鋼板の製造条件における通常の範囲内とすればよい。
冷延工程において、酸洗後の熱延鋼板に対して、冷間圧延を施し、冷延鋼板とする。冷間圧延条件は特に限定されず、無方向性電磁鋼板の製造条件における通常の範囲内とすればよい。例えば、冷延工程における圧下率については、50~95%とするのが好ましく、75~85%とするのがより好ましい。
仕上焼鈍工程において、冷延工程によって得られた冷延鋼板に対して仕上焼鈍を施す。仕上焼鈍工程において、最高到達温度(冷延鋼板の温度)が850℃以上となると、結晶粒径が大きくなり過ぎ、歪取焼鈍前に施される打ち抜き加工で不良が生じる可能性がある。これを回避するため、最高到達温度は850℃未満とすることが好ましい。また、最高到達温度が800℃に満たないと、再結晶が不十分となって打ち抜き加工で不良が生じる可能性がある。これを回避するため、最高到達温度を800℃以上とすることが好ましい。また、結晶粒径が大きくなり過ぎ、歪取焼鈍前に施される打ち抜き加工で不良が生じることを回避するため、冷延鋼板の温度が800℃以上となる時間を15秒以下とすることが好ましい。
上述の歪取焼鈍後の鋼板の鉄損(W15/50)を、JIS C 2552:2014「無方向性電磁鋼帯」に準拠して測定した。歪取焼鈍後の鋼板のW15/50が5.0W/kg以下である無方向性電磁鋼板を、歪取焼鈍後の鉄損特性に優れたものと判断した。
上述の歪取焼鈍後の鋼板の磁束密度(B50)を、JIS C 2552:2014「無方向性電磁鋼帯」に準拠して測定した。歪取焼鈍後の鋼板のB50が1.70T以上である無方向性電磁鋼板を、歪取焼鈍後の磁束密度に優れたものと判断した。
上述の歪取焼鈍後の鋼板の平均結晶粒径を、上述の無方向性電磁鋼板の平均結晶粒径の測定方法と同じ方法を用いて測定した。歪取焼鈍後の平均結晶粒径が50μm以上である無方向性電磁鋼板は、歪取焼鈍における粒成長性が良好であると判断された。
歪取焼鈍を行う前の、仕上焼鈍後の無方向性電磁鋼板を用いて打ち抜き加工性の評価を行った。具体的には、板厚の7%以上12%以下のクリアランスで、鋼板を打抜いた。打ち抜き部におけるカエリ高さを測定した。カエリ高さが30μm以下となった試料に関しては、打ち抜き加工性を「良好」(記号A)と判定した。カエリ高さが30μm超100μm以下となった試料に関しては、打ち抜き加工性を「可」(記号B)と判定した。カエリ高さが100μm超となった試料に関しては、打ち抜き加工性を「不可」(記号C)と判定した。
Claims (10)
- 化学組成が、質量%で、
C:0.0050%以下、
Si:0.10~1.50%、
Mn:0.10~1.50%、
sol.Al:0.0050%以下、
N:0.0030%以下、
S:0.0040%以下、および
O:0.0050~0.0200%、を含有し、
La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaからなる群から選択される1種以上の元素を、合計で0.0005~0.0200%含有し、
残部:Feおよび不純物であり、
質量%で、Oを20~60%、およびSiを20~60%含み、直径が1.0~5.0μmである酸化物の個数密度Nが、3.0×103~10×103個/cm2であり、かつ、
前記酸化物のうち、質量%で、La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaからなる群から選択される1種以上の前記元素を合計で1.0%以上含む酸化物の個数密度nが、下記(i)式を満足する、
無方向性電磁鋼板。
n/N≧0.01 ・・・(i) - 前記化学組成が、前記Feの一部に代えて、質量%で、
Sn:0.50%以下、
を含有する、
請求項1に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。 - 前記酸化物同士の平均間隔が30~300μmである、
請求項1または請求項2に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。 - 平均結晶粒径が30μm以下であり、かつ、
750℃で2時間保持する条件で歪取焼鈍を行った後の平均結晶粒径が50μm以上である、
請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか一項に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。 - 請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか一項に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板を製造する方法であって、
溶鋼を製造する精錬工程と、
前記溶鋼を連続鋳造して、請求項1または請求項2に記載の化学組成を有するスラブを製造する連続鋳造工程と、
得られた前記スラブを加熱した後に熱間圧延を施し、熱延鋼板とする熱延工程と、
前記熱延鋼板に対して、酸洗を施す酸洗工程と、
酸洗後の前記熱延鋼板に対して冷間圧延を施し、冷延鋼板とする冷延工程と、
前記冷延鋼板に対して仕上焼鈍を施す仕上焼鈍工程と、を備え、
前記精錬工程において、
合金添加前の前記溶鋼の酸素量を、質量%で、0.010~0.050%とし、
次いで、前記溶鋼へのSi添加量M1と、前記スラブ中のSi含有量M2とが、下記(ii)式を満足するように調整し、
前記連続鋳造工程において、前記溶鋼と接触する内壁の一部または全部が、La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaからなる群から選択される1種以上を含む酸化物を、質量%で、合計3~60%含有する材料によって構成されたノズルを使用する、
無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
0.90≦M2/M1≦1.10 ・・・(ii) - 前記精錬工程において、合金添加が終了してから前記連続鋳造工程を開始するまでの時間を30~180分の範囲内とし、
前記熱延工程において、前記スラブの温度が1050℃以上1150℃未満となる範囲内で15~240分保持した後、直ちに、前記スラブに対して熱間圧延を施す、
請求項5に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記仕上焼鈍工程において、前記冷延鋼板の温度を800℃以上850℃未満とする、
請求項5または請求項6に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか一項に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板の素材となる熱延鋼板であって、
化学組成が、質量%で、
C:0.0050%以下、
Si:0.10~1.50%、
Mn:0.10~1.50%、
sol.Al:0.0050%以下、
N:0.0030%以下、
S:0.0040%以下、および
O:0.0050~0.0200%、を含有し、
La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaからなる群から選択される1種以上の元素を、合計で0.0005~0.0200%含有し、
残部:Feおよび不純物であり、
質量%で、Oを20~60%、およびSiを20~60%含み、直径が1.0~5.0μmである酸化物の個数密度Nが、3.0×103~10×103個/cm2であり、かつ、
前記酸化物のうち、質量%で、La、Ce、Zr、MgおよびCaからなる群から選択される1種以上の前記元素を合計で1.0%以上含む酸化物の個数密度nが、下記(i)式を満足する、
熱延鋼板。
n/N≧0.01 ・・・(i) - 前記化学組成が、前記Feの一部に代えて、質量%で、
Sn:0.50%以下、
を含有する、
請求項8に記載の熱延鋼板。 - 前記酸化物同士の平均間隔が30~300μmである、
請求項8または請求項9に記載の熱延鋼板。
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