WO2022097681A1 - 浮体 - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- WO2022097681A1 WO2022097681A1 PCT/JP2021/040592 JP2021040592W WO2022097681A1 WO 2022097681 A1 WO2022097681 A1 WO 2022097681A1 JP 2021040592 W JP2021040592 W JP 2021040592W WO 2022097681 A1 WO2022097681 A1 WO 2022097681A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- tank
- safety valve
- communication pipe
- pressure
- Prior art date
Links
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B79/00—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation
- B63B79/10—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation using sensors, e.g. pressure sensors, strain gauges or accelerometers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
- F16K17/048—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded combined with other safety valves, or with pressure control devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0329—Valves manually actuated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
- F17C2250/036—Control means using alarms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/043—Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0443—Flow or movement of content
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
- F17C2250/0605—Parameters
- F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
- F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
- F17C2260/036—Avoiding leaks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
- F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
- F17C2260/038—Detecting leaked fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
Definitions
- Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a safety valve is provided in an atmospheric discharge pipe in a ship.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide may solidify to produce dry ice when the safety valve is activated for the following reasons. That is, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide contained in the tank corresponds to the operating pressure of the tank. On the other hand, when the safety valve is opened and the inside of the tank is opened to the atmosphere, the pressure on the discharge side of the safety valve naturally becomes atmospheric pressure. In liquefied carbon dioxide, the triple point pressure (triple point pressure) where the gas phase, liquid phase, and solid phase coexist is higher than the triple point pressure of LNG and LPG, and there is a difference from the tank operating pressure during operation. small.
- the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide becomes equal to or lower than the triple point pressure, and flash evaporation of the liquefied carbon dioxide may occur. Then, the latent heat of vaporization of the flash evaporation of the liquefied carbon dioxide causes the temperature of the liquefied carbon dioxide remaining without evaporating to drop, and the liquefied carbon dioxide may solidify around the safety valve to generate dry ice. ..
- dry ice is generated in the safety valve, the operation of the valve body of the safety valve is hindered, and even if the pressure in the tank drops below a predetermined pressure, the safety valve may not be able to close. Further, if the safety valve cannot be closed continuously, the pressure in the tank may be further reduced, and the liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank itself may be solidified to generate a large amount of dry ice.
- the present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and even when the closing operation of the safety valve is hindered by the dry ice generated when the safety valve is activated, the inside of the tank is surely sealed.
- the purpose is to provide a floating body that can be.
- the floating body includes a tank, a communication pipe, a safety valve, and an on-off valve.
- the tank is arranged in the floating body body.
- the tank can store liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the communication pipe is connected to the tank and communicates with the outside of the tank.
- the safety valve is provided in the communication pipe.
- the safety valve has a valve body that can open and close the flow path in the communication pipe. When the pressure in the tank reaches a predetermined safety valve operating pressure, the safety valve opens the valve body to communicate the inside of the tank with the outside of the tank.
- the on-off valve is provided in the communication pipe and is arranged between the safety valve and the tank. The on-off valve can block the flow path in the communication pipe.
- the floating body includes a tank, a communication pipe, and a safety valve.
- the tank is arranged in the floating body body.
- the tank can store liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the communication pipe is connected to the tank and communicates with the outside of the tank.
- the safety valve is provided in the communication pipe.
- the safety valve has a valve body that can open and close the flow path in the communication pipe. When the pressure in the tank reaches a predetermined safety valve operating pressure, the safety valve opens the valve body to communicate the inside of the tank with the outside of the tank.
- the safety valve includes a discharge pipe.
- the discharge pipe has a discharge port that is open to the atmosphere and opens downward. The discharge port is open to the atmosphere and opens downward.
- the floating body of the present disclosure even when the closing operation of the safety valve is hindered by the dry ice generated when the safety valve is activated, the inside of the tank can be reliably sealed.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the on-off valve shown in FIG. 4 is closed.
- FIG. 3 shows the hardware configuration of the notification part which concerns on embodiment of this disclosure.
- the floating vessel 1 carries liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the ship 1 includes at least a hull 2 as a floating body and a tank facility 10.
- the hull 2 has a pair of side sides 3A and 3B forming its outer shell, a ship bottom (not shown), and an upper deck 5.
- the side 3A and 3B have a pair of side outer plates forming the left and right side respectively.
- the bottom of the ship (not shown) has a bottom outer plate connecting these side 3A and 3B. Due to these pair of sideways 3A and 3B and the bottom of the ship (not shown), the outer shell of the hull 2 has a U-shape in a cross section orthogonal to Da in the stern direction.
- the upper deck 5 exemplified in this embodiment is a whole deck exposed to the outside.
- an upper structure 7 having a living area is formed on the upper deck 5 on the stern 2b side.
- the position of the upper structure 7 is only an example, and may be arranged on the bow 2a side of the hull 2, for example.
- a cargo loading section (hold) 8 is formed in the hull 2.
- a plurality of tank facilities 10 are arranged in the cargo loading section 8 along the stern direction Da.
- two tank equipment 10s are arranged at intervals in the ship's tail direction Da.
- the tank equipment 10 includes at least a tank 11, a loading pipe 13, a unloading pipe 14, and a safety valve device 20.
- the tank 11 is arranged on the hull 2.
- the tank 11 has, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction.
- the tank 11 is arranged along its major axis direction along the stern direction Da.
- the tank 11 contains the liquefied carbon dioxide L inside.
- the tank 11 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and the tank 11 may be spherical, square, or the like.
- the loading pipe 13 loads the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility on land into the tank 11.
- the loading pipe 13 penetrates the top of the tank 11 from the outside of the tank 11 and extends to the inside of the tank 11.
- the tip of the loading pipe 13 is open in the tank 11.
- the unloading pipe 14 guides the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 to the outside of the ship.
- the unloading pipe 14 penetrates the top of the tank 11 from the outside of the tank 11 and extends to the inside of the tank 11.
- a pump (not shown) is provided at the tip of the unloading pipe 14. This pump (not shown) sucks in the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11 and sends it out to the unloading pipe 14.
- the unloading pipe 14 guides the liquefied carbon dioxide L sent out by the pump to the outside of the tank 11 (outboard).
- the safety valve device 20 mainly includes a communication pipe 21, a safety valve 30, an on-off valve 40, and a notification unit 60.
- the communication pipe 21 is connected to the tank 11.
- the communication pipe 21 communicates between the inside and the outside of the tank 11, for example, at the top of the tank 11.
- a spring-type safety valve will be described as an example of the safety valve 30 in this embodiment, a pilot-type safety valve or the like may be used.
- the safety valve 30 is provided in the communication pipe 21.
- the safety valve 30 is arranged, for example, at the tip of the communication pipe 21.
- the safety valve 30 includes a valve box 31, a valve body 32, an urging member 33, and a discharge pipe 34p.
- the valve box 31 is provided with a flow path portion 34 that is continuous with the flow path in the communication pipe 21 inside.
- the flow path portion 34 includes a valve chamber 34a, an inflow nozzle 34b, and a discharge nozzle 34c.
- the valve chamber 34a houses the valve body 32.
- the inflow nozzle 34b has a cylindrical shape and extends from the valve chamber 34a toward the first direction D1.
- a communication pipe 21 is connected to the end of the inflow nozzle 34b on the side opposite to the valve chamber 34a side.
- the discharge nozzle 34c has a cylindrical shape and extends from the valve chamber 34a in the second direction D2 intersecting the first direction D1.
- a discharge pipe 34p is connected to the tip of the discharge nozzle 34c.
- the discharge pipe 34p has a discharge port 34s that opens downward and is open to the atmosphere.
- the lower direction which is the opening direction of the discharge port 34s, means the lower side than the horizontal direction.
- the valve body 32 closes the opening 34d of the inflow nozzle 34b from the valve chamber 34a side.
- the valve body 32 integrally has a valve shaft 32s extending in the first direction D1.
- the valve shaft 32s is movably held in the holding hole 31g formed in the valve box 31 in the first direction D1.
- the valve body 32 is movably arranged in the valve chamber 34a in the first direction D1.
- the valve body 32 has a closed state in which the opening 34d of the inflow nozzle 34b is closed from the valve chamber 34a side and an open state in which the opening 34d is separated from the opening 34d toward the valve chamber 34a side (the state shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 3). It is configured so that it can move back and forth between them.
- the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L (gas phase) in the communication pipe 21 connected to the inflow nozzle 34b acts on the valve body 32 in the closed state.
- the urging member 33 presses the valve body 32 in the direction of pressing the valve body 32 into the opening 34d of the inflow nozzle 34b along the first direction D1.
- the urging member 33 is, for example, a coil spring or a diaphragm.
- the safety valve 30 releases the gas in the tank 11 into the atmosphere to reduce the pressure in the tank 11, and when the pressure becomes less than the preset safety valve return pressure P2, the valve body 32 is urged by the urging force of the urging member 33. It moves to the inflow nozzle 34b side. As a result, the valve body 32 returns from the open state to the closed state. When the valve body 32 in the closed state closes the opening 34d, the flow path in the communication pipe 21 is closed and is cut off from the atmosphere.
- the safety valve return pressure P2 may be the same value as the safety valve operating pressure P1 or may be lower than the safety valve operating pressure P1.
- the safety valve device 20 includes an on-off valve 40 in preparation for such a case.
- the on-off valve 40 is provided in the middle portion of the communication pipe 21.
- the on-off valve 40 is arranged between the safety valve 30 and the tank 11.
- the on-off valve 40 is configured so that the flow path in the communication pipe 21 can be closed.
- a manual ball valve 41 is used as the on-off valve 40.
- the ball valve 41 includes a ball valve housing 42, a ball valve main body 43, and an operation handle 44.
- the ball valve housing 42 has a cylindrical shape extending along the first direction D1 and is connected to the intermediate portion of the communication pipe 21.
- a valve accommodating portion 42a, an inflow port 42b, and an outflow port 42c are formed in the ball valve housing 42.
- the valve accommodating portion 42a accommodates the ball valve main body 43.
- the valve accommodating portion 42a is formed by being curved outward in the radial direction and being recessed.
- the inflow port 42b and the outflow port 42c are continuously formed on both sides of the first direction D1 with respect to the valve accommodating portion 42a.
- the ball valve main body 43 is rotatable around the valve shaft 43s intersecting the first direction D1 in the valve accommodating portion 42a.
- the ball valve main body 43 has a valve outer peripheral surface 43f that curves outward in the radial direction and bulges.
- the ball valve main body 43 has a through hole 43h extending orthogonally to the valve axis 43s direction.
- the inner diameter of the through hole 43h is the same as the inner diameter of the inflow port 42b and the outflow port 42c.
- the on-off valve 40 switches between an open state and a closed state by rotating around the valve shaft 43s.
- the through hole 43h of the ball valve main body 43, the inflow port 42b, and the outflow port 42c are continuous in the first direction D1.
- the inflow port 42b (and the outflow port 42c) is closed by the valve outer peripheral surface 43f of the ball valve main body 43.
- the operation handle 44 is provided outside the ball valve main body 43.
- the operation handle 44 is connected to the valve shaft 43s of the ball valve main body 43.
- the operator rotates the operation handle 44 around the valve shaft 43s to rotate the ball valve main body 43 in the valve accommodating portion 42a, and switches the on-off valve 40 between the open state and the closed state.
- Such an on-off valve 40 is always in an open state (fully open state) in a normal state. In the open state, the on-off valve 40 does not block the flow path in the communication pipe 21.
- the on-off valve 40 is used by an operator when the safety valve 30 operates to open the inside of the tank 11 to the outside (atmosphere) and then the operator cannot normally return from the open state to the closed state. By closing, the flow path in the communication pipe 21 is closed.
- the notification unit 60 shown in FIG. 2 notifies the operator of various states of the safety valve device 20 when the safety valve 30 is activated. Therefore, the safety valve device 20 includes at least a pressure gauge 25 and a valve detection unit 26.
- the pressure gauge 25 measures the pressure Pt of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 11.
- the valve detection unit 26 detects the operation of the safety valve 30. Specifically, the valve detection unit 26 detects the open / closed state of the valve body 32 by, for example, the stroke of the valve shaft 32s. After the safety valve 30 is activated, an alarm may be issued when the pressure of the safety valve 30 is equal to or lower than the stop pressure and the continuation of depressurization is detected.
- the notification unit 60 includes a computer including a CPU 61 (Central Processing Unit), a ROM 62 (Read Only Memory), a RAM 63 (Random Access Memory), a storage device 64, and a signal receiving module 65.
- the signal receiving module 65 receives the detection signal from the pressure gauge 25 and the valve detection unit 26.
- the CPU 61 of the notification unit 60 executes a program stored in its own device in advance to configure each of the signal reception unit 70, the safety valve state detection unit 71, the notification control unit 72, and the alarm information output unit 73. To prepare for.
- the signal receiving unit 70 is a signal receiving module 65 in terms of hardware, and receives a detection signal from the pressure gauge 25 and the valve detecting unit 26.
- the safety valve state detection unit 71 detects whether the valve body 32 of the safety valve 30 is in the open state or the closed state based on the detection signal from the valve detection unit 26.
- the notification control unit 72 controls the notification to be output to the outside. For example, when the safety valve state detection unit 71 detects that the valve body 32 has changed from the closed state to the open state, the notification control unit 72 generates a notification signal indicating that the safety valve 30 has been activated. Further, the notification control unit 72 is the safety valve state detection unit 71, and the pressure Pt in the tank 11 detected by the pressure gauge 25 after the valve body 32 shifts from the closed state to the open state is less than the safety valve return pressure P2. When the pressure drops to a predetermined threshold value, the pressure Pt in the tank 11 generates a notification signal indicating that the pressure Pt in the tank 11 has dropped to the pressure at which the safety valve 30 should return from the open state to the closed state.
- the notification control unit 72 causes the safety valve 30 to move. Generates a notification signal indicating that the closed state has not been normally restored.
- the alarm information output unit 73 outputs alarm information to the outside based on the notification signal generated by the notification control unit 72.
- the alarm information output unit 73 outputs alarm information by, for example, ringing an alarm sound, lighting an alarm lamp, displaying a message on a monitor screen, or the like. In this way, the alarm information output unit 73 notifies the external operator of the operating state of the safety valve 30.
- the notification unit 60 outputs the alarm information S1.
- the safety valve 30 is opened, the gas in the tank 11 is discharged to the outside, the pressure in the tank drops to the safety valve return pressure P2, and the safety valve 30 normally returns from the open state to the closed state.
- the line L1 in 7 the pressure in the tank 11 starts to rise. After that, the alarm information is not output.
- the line L2 in FIG. 7 when the safety valve 30 is opened and the gas in the tank 11 is discharged to the outside, the valve body 32 cannot be returned to the closed state due to the generated dry ice. , The pressure in the tank 11 is further reduced.
- the operator closes the on-off valve 40 by manually operating the operation handle 44 when the alarm information S2 or S3 is notified.
- the flow path in the communication pipe 21 is blocked by the on-off valve 40, and the pressure in the tank 11 is prevented from escaping to the outside.
- the on-off valve 40 By closing the on-off valve 40, the flow path in the communication pipe 21 is closed. As a result, it is possible to prevent the gas in the tank 11 from escaping from the communication pipe 21. Therefore, even when the closing operation of the safety valve 30 is hindered by the dry ice generated when the safety valve 30 is operated, the inside of the tank 11 can be reliably sealed after the operation of the safety valve 30 is completed.
- the on-off valve 40 is a ball valve 41.
- the ball valve 41 is less likely to have a narrow flow path in the portion where the valve body 32 is provided. Therefore, it is possible to block the flow path in the communication pipe 21 with a simple configuration while suppressing the pressure loss generated in the on-off valve 40.
- the on-off valve 40 opens and closes the flow path in the communication pipe 21 by a manual operation from the outside. As a result, when the closing operation of the safety valve 30 is hindered by dry ice, the on-off valve 40 can be easily closed by manual operation.
- the notification unit 60 when the closing operation of the safety valve 30 is hindered by dry ice, the notification unit 60 notifies the outside. As a result, the operator can recognize that the safety valve 30 is not normally closed, and can prepare for the work of closing the on-off valve 40 and the like.
- the discharge port 34s of the safety valve 30 is open to the atmosphere and is open downward. As a result, it is possible to prevent rainwater or the like from entering the safety valve 30 from the discharge port 34s of the safety valve 30.
- the ship 1 described above includes a hull 2, a tank 11, a communication pipe 21, and a safety valve 30, and the discharge port 34s of the safety valve 30 is open to the atmosphere and opens downward. As a result, it is possible to prevent rainwater or the like from entering the safety valve 30 from the discharge port 34s of the safety valve 30.
- the on-off valve 40 is manually closed, but the on-off valve 40 may be automatically closed.
- an actuator for rotating the ball valve main body 43 of the on-off valve 40 around the valve shaft 43s and a controller for controlling the operation of the actuator may be further provided.
- the operation of the actuator may be controlled so as to automatically close the on-off valve 40 at the timing when the alarm information S2 or S3 is output by the notification unit 60.
- the safety valve 30 is opened and the pressure in the tank 11 is released to the outside, the valve body 32 cannot be returned to the closed state due to the generated dry ice, and the pressure in the tank 11 is the safety valve return pressure.
- the actuator When the pressure drops below P2, or when the pressure in the tank 11 continues to drop below the safety valve return pressure P2 and reaches the preset pressure set value P3, the actuator is operated to automatically operate the on-off valve 40. It may be closed as a target. Further, in the controller that automatically closes the on-off valve 40, whether or not the safety valve 30 is normally closed is determined by detecting the pressure and temperature in the communication pipe 21 between the safety valve 30 and the on-off valve 40 with a sensor. You may try to confirm.
- the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiments, and includes design changes and the like within a range not deviating from the gist of the present disclosure. ..
- the configuration of the ball valve 41 as the safety valve 30 and the on-off valve 40 is shown, but this configuration outlines the configuration for exerting the functions as the safety valve 30 and the on-off valve 40.
- the specific configuration can be changed as appropriate.
- the on-off valve 40 is not limited to the ball valve 41, and other types may be used as appropriate.
- the floating vessel 1 is provided with two tanks 11, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- one or more tanks 11 may be provided.
- the ship 1 is exemplified as a floating body, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the floating body may be an offshore floating body facility without a propulsion mechanism.
- the floating body 1 is connected to the floating body main body 2, the tank 11 arranged in the floating body main body 2 and capable of storing liquefied carbon dioxide L, and the tank 11 and outside the tank 11. It has a communication pipe 21 communicating with the communication pipe 21 and a valve body 32 provided in the communication pipe 21 and capable of opening and closing the flow path in the communication pipe 21, and the pressure Pt in the tank 11 is a defined safety valve operating pressure.
- a safety valve 30 that opens the valve body 32 to communicate the inside of the tank 11 with the outside of the tank 11 when reaching P1 and a communication pipe 21 provided between the safety valve 30 and the tank 11. It is provided with an on-off valve 40 that is arranged and can close the flow path in the communication pipe 21.
- Examples of the floating body 1 include ships and offshore floating body equipment.
- Examples of the floating body 2 include a floating body 2 of a hull and offshore floating equipment.
- the floating body 1 according to the second aspect is the floating body 1 of (1), and the on-off valve 40 is a ball valve 41.
- the ball valve 41 is less likely to have a narrow flow path in the portion where the valve body 32 is provided. Therefore, it is possible to block the flow path in the communication pipe 21 with a simple configuration while suppressing the pressure loss generated in the on-off valve 40.
- the floating body 1 according to the third aspect is the floating body 1 of (1) or (2), and the on-off valve 40 opens and closes the flow path in the communication pipe 21 by a manual operation from the outside. ..
- the on-off valve 40 can be easily closed by manual operation.
- the floating body 1 according to the fourth aspect is any one of the floating bodies 1 of (1) to (3), and is the pressure gauge 25 for measuring the pressure Pt in the tank 11 and the safety valve 30.
- the valve detection unit 26 that detects the operation and the valve detection unit 26 detect the operation of the safety valve 30 it is externally notified that the pressure Pt measured by the pressure gauge 25 has dropped below a predetermined threshold value.
- a notification unit 60 for notifying is provided.
- the notification unit 60 notifies the outside.
- the operator can recognize that the safety valve 30 is not normally closed, and can prepare for the work of closing the on-off valve 40 and the like.
- the floating body 1 according to the fifth aspect is the floating body 1 according to any one of (1) to (4), and the discharge port 34s of the safety valve 30 is open to the atmosphere and opens downward. are doing.
- the floating body 1 is connected to the floating body main body 2, the tank 11 arranged in the floating body main body 2 and capable of storing liquefied carbon dioxide L, and the tank 11, and is connected to the outside of the tank 11.
- a safety valve having a communication pipe 21 communicating with the communication pipe 21 and a valve body 32 provided in the communication pipe 21 and capable of opening and closing the flow path portion 34 in the communication pipe 21 and having a pressure Pt in the tank 11 defined.
- a safety valve 30 is provided which opens the valve body 32 to communicate the inside of the tank 11 and the outside of the tank 11 when the working pressure P1 is reached, and the safety valve 30 is open to the atmosphere and faces downward.
- a discharge pipe 34p having an opening discharge port 34s is provided.
- the floating body of the present disclosure even when the closing operation of the safety valve is hindered by the dry ice generated when the safety valve is activated, the inside of the tank can be reliably sealed.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2020年11月9日に、日本に出願された特願2020-186523号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
液化二酸化炭素は、気相、液相、固相が共存する三重点の圧力(三重点圧力)が、LNGやLPGの三重点圧力に比較して高く、運用時におけるタンク運用圧との差異が小さい。その結果、安全弁の吐出側で大気開放されると、液化二酸化炭素の圧力が三重点圧力以下となり、液化二酸化炭素のフラッシュ蒸発が生じることがある。すると、液化二酸化炭素のフラッシュ蒸発の蒸発潜熱により、蒸発せずに残った液化二酸化炭素の温度低下が生じ、安全弁の周囲で液化二酸化炭素が凝固してドライアイスが生成されることがあるのである。安全弁でドライアイスが生成されると、安全弁の弁体の動作が阻害され、タンク内の圧力が所定圧力以下に低下しても、安全弁を閉じることができなくなる可能性がある。さらに、安全弁を閉じることができない状態が継続すれば、タンク内の圧力が更に低下し、タンク内の液化二酸化炭素自体が凝固してドライアイスが大量に生成されてしまう可能性もある。
(船舶の構成)
図1に示すように、本開示の実施形態において、浮体である船舶1は、液化二酸化炭素を運搬する。この船舶1は、浮体本体としての船体2と、タンク設備10と、を少なくとも備えている。
船体2は、その外殻をなす、一対の舷側3A,3Bと、船底(図示無し)と、上甲板5と、を有している。舷側3A,3Bは、左右舷側をそれぞれ形成する一対の舷側外板を有する。船底(図示無し)は、これら舷側3A,3Bを接続する船底外板を有する。これら一対の舷側3A,3B及び船底(図示無し)により、船体2の外殻は、船首尾方向Daに直交する断面において、U字状を成している。この実施形態で例示する上甲板5は、外部に露出する全通甲板である。船体2には、船尾2b側の上甲板5上に、居住区を有する上部構造7が形成されている。なお、上部構造7の位置は一例に過ぎず、例えば船体2の船首2a側に配置してもよい。
タンク設備10は、貨物搭載区画8内に、船首尾方向Daに沿って、複数が配置されている。本開示の実施形態において、タンク設備10は、船首尾方向Daに間隔を空けて二個配置されている。
この実施形態において、タンク11は、船体2に配置されている。タンク11は、例えば、水平方向に延びる円筒状をなす。この実施形態において、タンク11は、その長軸方向を船首尾方向Daに沿わせて配置されている。タンク11は、その内部に液化二酸化炭素Lを収容する。なお、タンク11は、円筒状に限られるものではなく、タンク11は球形、方形等であってもよい。
安全弁装置20は、連通管21と、安全弁30と、開閉弁40と、通知部60と、を主に備えている。
連通管21は、タンク11に接続されている。連通管21は、例えば、タンク11の頂部で、タンク11の内部と外部とを連通する。なお、この実施形態において安全弁30としてバネ式の安全弁を一例にして説明するが、パイロット式の安全弁等であってもよい。
図5に示すように、通知部60は、CPU61(Central Processing Unit)、ROM62(Read Only Memory)、RAM63(Random Access Memory)、記憶装置64、信号受信モジュール65を備えるコンピュータを有している。信号受信モジュール65は、圧力計25、弁検知部26からの検出信号を受信する。
図6に示すように、通知部60のCPU61は予め自装置で記憶するプログラムを実行することにより、信号受信部70、安全弁状態検出部71、通知制御部72、アラーム情報出力部73の各構成を備える。
安全弁状態検出部71は、弁検知部26からの検出信号に基づき、安全弁30の弁体32が、開状態にあるか、閉状態にあるか、を検出する。
これに対し、図7中の線L2に示すように、安全弁30が開状態となり、タンク11内のガスを外部に放出した後に、生成されたドライアイスによって弁体32が閉状態に復帰できない場合、タンク11内の圧力がさらに低下する。タンク11内の圧力が、安全弁復帰圧力P2未満の所定の閾値まで低下した場合、タンク11内の圧力が安全弁復帰圧力P2よりもさらに低下し続け、予め設定した圧力設定値P3に到達した場合、アラーム情報S2、S3が出力される。
上記実施形態の船舶1では、タンク11内の圧力Ptが、定められた安全弁作動圧力P1に到達した場合、安全弁30の弁体32が開き、連通管21内の流路が開放される。これにより、タンク11内の液化二酸化炭素L(のガス)が連通管21を通してタンク11の外部に放出され、タンク11内の圧力Ptが低下する。タンク11内の圧力Ptが低下すると、通常であれば、安全弁30の弁体32が閉じる。図4に示すように、安全弁30を通して放出された液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力低下によって生成されたドライアイスにより、弁体32が閉じる動作が阻害された場合、安全弁30とタンク11との間に配置された開閉弁40を閉じることによって、連通管21内の流路が閉塞される。これにより、タンク11内のガスが連通管21から逃げることを抑えられる。したがって、安全弁30が作動したときに生成されたドライアイスによって安全弁30の閉動作が阻害された場合であっても、安全弁30の作動終了後にタンク11内を確実に密閉することができる。
これにより、安全弁30の吐出口34sから安全弁30内に雨水等が侵入することを抑えられる。
なお、上記実施形態では、開閉弁40を手動で閉じる構成としたが、開閉弁40を自動的に閉じる構成としてもよい。この場合、開閉弁40のボール弁本体43を弁軸43s周りに回動させるためのアクチュエータと、アクチュエータの動作を制御するコントローラとを更に設ければよい。そして、コントローラでは、例えば、上記通知部60でアラーム情報S2やS3を出力するタイミングで、開閉弁40を自動的に閉じるよう、アクチュエータの動作を制御してもよい。具体的には、安全弁30が開状態となり、タンク11内の圧力を外部に放出した後に、生成されたドライアイスによって弁体32が閉状態に復帰できずタンク11内の圧力が、安全弁復帰圧力P2未満まで低下した場合、又は、タンク11内の圧力が安全弁復帰圧力P2よりもさらに低下し続け、予め設定した圧力設定値P3に到達した場合等に、アクチュエータを動作させ、開閉弁40を自動的に閉じるようにしてもよい。
また、開閉弁40を自動的に閉じるコントローラでは、安全弁30と開閉弁40との間で、連通管21内の圧力や温度をセンサで検出することによって、安全弁30が正常に閉じたか否かを確認するようにしてもよい。
以上、本開示の実施の形態について図面を参照して詳述したが、具体的な構成はこの実施の形態に限られるものではなく、本開示の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計変更等も含まれる。
例えば、上記実施形態では、上記した安全弁30、開閉弁40としてのボール弁41の構成を示したが、この構成は、安全弁30、開閉弁40としての機能を発揮するための構成の概略を説明したに過ぎず、具体的な構成は適宜変更可能である。また、開閉弁40は、ボール弁41に限らず、適宜他の形式のものを用いてもよい。
また、上記実施形態では、浮体として船舶1を例示したが、これに限られない。浮体は、推進機構を備えない洋上浮体設備であってもよい。
実施形態に記載の浮体1は、例えば以下のように把握される。
浮体1の例としては、船舶や洋上浮体設備が挙げられる。浮体本体2の例としては、船体や洋上浮体設備の浮体本体2が挙げられる。
Claims (6)
- 浮体本体と、
前記浮体本体に配置され、液化二酸化炭素を貯留可能なタンクと、
前記タンクに接続され、前記タンクの外部に連通する連通管と、
前記連通管に備えられ、前記連通管内の流路を開閉可能とする弁体を有し、前記タンク内の圧力が定められた安全弁作動圧力に到達した場合に前記弁体を開いて前記タンク内と前記タンクの外部とを連通させる安全弁と、
前記連通管に備えられ、前記安全弁と前記タンクとの間に配置され、前記連通管内の流路部を閉塞可能な開閉弁と、を備える
浮体。 - 前記開閉弁は、ボール弁である
請求項1に記載の浮体。 - 前記開閉弁は、外部からの手動操作により前記連通管内の流路部を開閉する
請求項1又は2に記載の浮体。 - 前記タンク内の圧力を計測する圧力計と、
前記安全弁の作動を検知する弁検知部と、
前記弁検知部で前記安全弁の作動を検知した場合に、前記圧力計で計測された圧力が定められた閾値未満に低下したことを外部に通知する通知部と、を備える
請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の浮体。 - 前記安全弁の吐出口は、大気開放され、かつ下方を向いて開口している
請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の浮体。 - 浮体本体と、
前記浮体本体に配置され、液化二酸化炭素を貯留可能なタンクと、
前記タンクに接続され、前記タンクの外部に連通する連通管と、
前記連通管に備えられ、前記連通管内の流路部を開閉可能とする弁体を有し、前記タンク内の圧力が定められた安全弁作動圧力に到達した場合に前記弁体を開いて前記タンク内と前記タンクの外部とを連通させる安全弁と、を備え、
前記安全弁は、大気開放され、かつ下方を向いて開口する吐出口を有する吐出管を備えている
浮体。
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EP21889233.9A EP4197895A4 (en) | 2020-11-09 | 2021-11-04 | FLOATING STRUCTURE |
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CN116096630A (zh) | 2023-05-09 |
EP4197895A1 (en) | 2023-06-21 |
AU2021374181A1 (en) | 2023-04-13 |
JP2022076210A (ja) | 2022-05-19 |
KR20230047484A (ko) | 2023-04-07 |
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