WO2022102517A1 - 浮体 - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- WO2022102517A1 WO2022102517A1 PCT/JP2021/040650 JP2021040650W WO2022102517A1 WO 2022102517 A1 WO2022102517 A1 WO 2022102517A1 JP 2021040650 W JP2021040650 W JP 2021040650W WO 2022102517 A1 WO2022102517 A1 WO 2022102517A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- pressure
- safety valve
- valve
- gas
- Prior art date
Links
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 123
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
- B63J2/02—Ventilation; Air-conditioning
- B63J2/08—Ventilation; Air-conditioning of holds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
- F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
- F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
- F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
- F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
- F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
- F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
- F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
- F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
- F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
Definitions
- Patent Document 1 describes a configuration in which a tank of an existing gas transport ship is used for both transportation of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and transportation of liquefied carbon dioxide, and transportation of liquefied ammonia gas and transportation of liquefied carbon dioxide. The configurations that are also used are disclosed.
- LPG liquefied petroleum gas
- the tank having the above configuration is provided with a safety valve for releasing the pressure inside the tank to the outside of the tank when the pressure inside the tank exceeds the design pressure.
- the safety valve When storing flammable liquefied gas such as liquefied petroleum gas in a tank, the safety valve is connected to the vent riser via a pipe. When the safety valve opens and the liquefied gas in the tank is released, the liquefied gas of the gas is not directly released to the atmosphere from the discharge port of the safety valve, but is guided from the safety valve to the vent riser through the pipe. Then, the liquefied gas is released into the atmosphere from the outlet of the vent riser arranged at a high place.
- the safety valve opens and the gaseous carbon dioxide vaporized by the liquefied carbon dioxide is released to the outside of the tank. Since the pressure outside the tank is atmospheric pressure, the pressure of carbon dioxide drops, and this pressure drop may cause carbon dioxide to solidify and produce dry ice. If the pipe to the vent riser is connected to the discharge port of the safety valve, the inside of the pipe may be blocked by the generated dry ice.
- a safety valve for liquefied carbon dioxide and a safety valve for liquefied gas are installed, respectively. It is necessary to switch the release destination according to the contents. However, if the discharge destination of the contained material is incorrect, problems such as blockage in the piping may occur. Therefore, it is necessary to pay close attention when switching the discharge destination of the contained material, which increases the burden on the operator. There is a problem that it will end up.
- the present disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a floating body capable of easily and safely switching the discharge destination of the tank contents discharged from the safety valve.
- the floating body includes a floating body body, a tank, a first safety valve, a first pressure introduction line, a second safety valve, a vent riser, a connecting pipe, and a second pressure. It is equipped with an introduction line and a switching valve.
- the tank is arranged in the floating body body.
- the tank can selectively store liquefied carbon dioxide and liquefied gas other than liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the first safety valve includes a first pilot valve that operates when the pressure in the tank reaches a predetermined set pressure. The first safety valve releases the gas in the tank to the outside of the tank by operating the first pilot valve.
- the first pressure introduction line transmits the pressure in the tank to the first pilot valve.
- the second safety valve includes a second pilot valve that operates when the pressure in the tank reaches a predetermined set pressure.
- the second safety valve sends out the gas in the tank to the outside of the tank by operating the second pilot valve.
- the vent riser is arranged away from the second safety valve. The vent riser releases the gas to the outside.
- the connecting pipe connects the second safety valve and the vent riser.
- the connecting pipe guides the gas delivered from the second safety valve to the vent riser.
- the second pressure introduction line transmits the pressure in the tank to the second pilot valve.
- the switching valve selectively switches the transmission destination of the pressure in the tank between the first pilot valve and the second pilot valve.
- the floating body includes a floating body main body, a tank, a safety valve, a vent riser, and a connecting pipe.
- the tank is arranged in the floating body body.
- the tank can selectively store liquefied carbon dioxide and liquefied gas other than liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the safety valve discharges the gas in the tank to the outside of the tank when the pressure in the tank reaches a predetermined set pressure.
- the vent riser is arranged away from the safety valve.
- the vent riser releases the gas to the outside.
- the connecting pipe connects the safety valve and the vent riser.
- the connecting pipe includes a detachable pipe and a connecting pipe main body.
- the detachable pipe constitutes a part of the connecting pipe in the extending direction of the connecting pipe.
- the connecting pipe body constitutes the rest of the connecting pipe.
- the detachable tube is configured to be detachable from the connecting tube main body.
- the discharge destination of the tank contents discharged from the safety valve can be easily and safely switched.
- the floating body according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.
- the ship 1A as a floating body includes at least a hull 2 as a floating body and a tank facility 10.
- the hull 2 has a pair of side sides 3A and 3B forming its outer shell, a ship bottom (not shown), and an upper deck 5.
- the side 3A and 3B have a pair of side outer plates forming the left and right side respectively.
- the bottom of the ship (not shown) has a bottom outer plate connecting these side 3A and 3B. Due to the pair of sideways 3A and 3B and the bottom of the ship (not shown), the outer shell of the hull 2 has a U-shape in a cross section orthogonal to Da in the stern direction.
- the upper deck 5 exemplified in this embodiment is a whole deck exposed to the outside.
- an upper structure 7 having a living area is formed on the upper deck 5 on the stern 2b side.
- the position of the upper structure 7 is only an example, and may be arranged on the bow 2a side of the hull 2, for example.
- a cargo loading section (hold) 8 is formed in the hull 2.
- a vent riser 9, which will be described later, is arranged on the upper deck 5 of the hull 2.
- the arrangement of the vent riser 9 is only an example, and the safety valve connecting pipes of the plurality of tanks 11 may be connected to one vent riser 9.
- a plurality of tank facilities 10 are arranged in the cargo loading section 8 along the stern direction Da.
- two tank equipment 10s are arranged at intervals in the ship's tail direction Da.
- the tank equipment 10 includes at least a tank 11, a loading pipe 13, a unloading pipe 14, and a safety valve system 20A.
- the tank 11 is arranged on the hull 2.
- the tank 11 has, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction.
- the tank 11 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and the tank 11 may be spherical, square, or the like.
- the tank 11 can selectively store liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and liquefied gas L2 other than liquefied carbon dioxide L1 inside the tank 11.
- the liquefied gas L2 other than the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 include liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), and ammonia.
- LPG liquefied petroleum gas
- LNG liquefied natural gas
- ammonia ammonia.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and the liquefied gas L2 stored in the tank 11 may be simply referred to as the stored gas L, unless it is necessary to distinguish between the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and the liquefied gas L2. be.
- the loading pipe 13 loads the stored gas L supplied from onshore equipment or the like into the tank 11.
- the loading pipe 13 penetrates the top of the tank 11 from the outside of the tank 11 and extends to the inside of the tank 11.
- the tip of the loading pipe 13 is open in the tank 11.
- the unloading pipe 14 sends the stored gas L in the tank 11 outboard.
- the unloading pipe 14 penetrates the top of the tank 11 from the outside of the tank 11 and extends to the inside of the tank 11.
- a pump (not shown) is provided at the tip of the unloading pipe 14. The pump sucks in the stored gas L in the tank 11.
- the unloading pipe 14 sends the stored gas L sucked by the pump to the outside of the tank 11 (outboard).
- the safety valve system 20A mainly includes a first safety valve 21, a second safety valve 31, a connecting pipe 45, a vent riser 9, a first pressure introduction line 41, a second pressure introduction line 42, and a switching valve 43. Be prepared for.
- the first safety valve 21 is arranged at the top of the tank 11.
- the first safety valve 21 is configured to function when the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in the tank 11.
- the first safety valve 21 releases the pressure in the tank 11 when the pressure of the gas phase (gas) in the tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure.
- the first safety valve 21 is a so-called pilot type and includes a main valve 22 and a first pilot valve 23.
- the main valve 22 is arranged in the main valve box 24.
- the main valve valve box 24 is formed with an inflow port 24a and a discharge port 24b.
- the inflow port 24a communicates with the inside of the tank 11.
- the discharge port 24b is open toward the outside of the tank 11. That is, the discharge port 24b is open to the atmosphere.
- the main valve 22 is configured to be connectable to and detachable from the inflow port 24a. When the main valve 22 closes the inflow port 24a, the first safety valve 21 is closed.
- the pressure in the tank 11 acts on the main valve 22 from the inflow port 24a side.
- the main valve valve box 24 is provided with a back pressure chamber 24d on the side opposite to the inflow port 24a side with respect to the main valve 22.
- the first pilot valve 23 applies a pilot pressure for urging the main valve 22 in the closing direction.
- the first pilot valve 23 includes a cylindrical cylinder 25, a valve body 26, and an urging member 27.
- the valve body 26 is arranged so as to be able to reciprocate in the cylinder 25.
- the urging member 27 is arranged on one side in the direction of reciprocating with respect to the valve body 26.
- the urging member 27 urges the valve body 26 to the other side in the cylinder 25.
- a pressure introduction chamber 25s is formed on the other side (opposite side of the urging member 27) with respect to the valve body 26.
- the pressure in the tank 11 is transmitted to the pressure introduction chamber 25s through the first pressure introduction line 41 described later.
- the pressure introduction chamber 25s can communicate with the inside of the tank 11 via the first pressure introduction line 41, and when communicating with the inside of the tank 11, the inside thereof and the gas phase in the tank 11 are the same. It is configured to be pressure.
- the pressure introduction chamber 25s and the back pressure chamber 24d of the main valve box 24 are communicated and connected via a communication line 28.
- the valve body 26 of such a first pilot valve 23 is normally urged to the pressure introduction chamber 25s side by the urging member 27.
- the pressure in the pressure introduction chamber 25s also rises accordingly.
- the valve body 26 moves in the cylinder 25 against the urging force of the urging member 27.
- the pressure introduction chamber 25s is released to the atmosphere, for example, and the pressure in the pressure introduction chamber 25s drops.
- the pressure drop in the pressure introduction chamber 25s is transmitted to the back pressure chamber 24d through the communication line 28.
- the second safety valve 31 is arranged at the top of the tank 11.
- the second safety valve 31 is configured to function when the liquefied gas L2 is stored in the tank 11.
- the second safety valve 31 releases the pressure in the tank 11 when the pressure in the gas phase in the tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure.
- the second safety valve 31 includes a main valve 32 having the same structure as the first safety valve 21 and a second pilot valve 33.
- the main valve 32 is arranged in the main valve box 34.
- the main valve valve box 34 is formed with an inflow port 34a and a discharge port 34b.
- the inflow port 34a communicates with the inside of the tank 11.
- a connection pipe 45 which will be described later, is connected to the discharge port 34b.
- the main valve 32 is configured to be connectable to and detachable from the inflow port 34a.
- the main valve 32 closes the inflow port 34a, the second safety valve 31 is closed.
- the pressure in the tank 11 acts on the main valve 32 from the inflow port 34a side.
- the main valve box 34 is provided with a back pressure chamber 34d on the side opposite to the inflow port 34a side with respect to the main valve 32.
- the second pilot valve 33 applies a pilot pressure for urging the main valve 32 in the closing direction.
- the second pilot valve 33 has the same configuration as the first pilot valve 23, and includes a cylindrical cylinder 35, a valve body 36, and an urging member 37.
- the valve body 36 is arranged in the cylinder 35 so as to be reciprocating.
- the urging member 37 is arranged on one side in the direction of reciprocating with respect to the valve body 36.
- the urging member 37 urges the valve body 36 to the other side in the cylinder 35.
- a pressure introduction chamber 35s is formed on the other side (opposite side of the urging member 37) with respect to the valve body 36.
- the pressure in the tank 11 is transmitted to the pressure introduction chamber 35s through the second pressure introduction line 42 described later.
- the pressure introduction chamber 35s can communicate with the inside of the tank 11 via the second pressure introduction line 42, and when the pressure introduction chamber 35s communicates with the inside of the tank 11, the inside thereof and the gas phase in the tank 11 communicate with each other. It is configured to have the same pressure.
- the pressure introduction chamber 35s and the back pressure chamber 34d are communicated and connected via a communication line 38.
- the valve body 36 of the second pilot valve 33 is normally urged to the pressure introduction chamber 35s side by the urging member 37.
- the pressure in the pressure introduction chamber 35s also rises accordingly.
- the valve body 36 moves in the cylinder 35 against the urging force of the urging member 37.
- the pressure introduction chamber 35s is released to the atmosphere, for example, and the pressure in the pressure introduction chamber 35s decreases.
- the pressure drop in the pressure introduction chamber 35s is transmitted to the back pressure chamber 34d through the communication line 38.
- a vent riser 9 is connected to the second safety valve 31. More specifically, the vent riser 9 is connected to the second safety valve 31 via the connecting pipe 45.
- the vent riser 9 is arranged apart from the second safety valve 31, and the liquefied gas L2 sent out from the second safety valve 31 releases the vaporized gas to the outside (in other words, the atmosphere).
- the connection pipe 45 connects the second safety valve 31 and the vent riser 9, and guides the gas delivered from the discharge port 34b of the second safety valve 31 to the vent riser 9.
- the first pressure introduction line 41 is a pipe that transmits the pressure in the tank 11 to the first pilot valve 23.
- the second pressure introduction line 42 is a pipe for transmitting the pressure in the tank 11 to the second pilot valve 33.
- the first pressure introduction line 41 and the second pressure introduction line 42 are connected to the tank 11 via the switching valve 43.
- the switching valve 43 in this embodiment is connected to the tank 11 via the pressure supply pipe 44.
- the switching valve 43 is a so-called three-way valve, and it is possible to select either one of the first pressure introduction line 41 and the second pressure introduction line 42 to communicate with the pressure supply pipe 44.
- the switching valve 43 communicates the gas phase in the tank 11 with the first pressure introduction line 41 or the second pressure introduction line 42 through the pressure supply pipe 44. In this way, the switching valve 43 can selectively switch the pressure transmission destination in the tank 11 between the first pilot valve 23 and the second pilot valve 33.
- the switching valve 43 communicates the first pressure introduction line 41 on the first safety valve 21 side with the gas phase in the tank 11.
- the switching valve 43 communicates the second pressure introduction line 42 on the second safety valve 31 side with the gas phase in the tank 11. ..
- the switching operation of the switching valve 43 may be performed manually by the operator or may be performed automatically.
- the switching valve 43 includes a detection unit 43s that detects a pressure transmission destination in the tank 11.
- the detection unit 43s has a limit switch or the like for detecting the switching state of the changeover switch or the like of the changeover valve 43.
- An information output unit 43m that outputs information indicating a pressure transmission destination detected by the detection unit 43s to the outside is connected to the switching valve 43.
- the information indicating the pressure transmission destination detected by the detection unit 43s is for indicating, for example, whether the pressure transmission destination is the first safety valve 21 side or the second safety valve 31 side.
- the information output unit 43m can output information indicating the pressure transmission destination by, for example, lighting a lamp indicating the pressure transmission destination, displaying character information indicating the pressure transmission destination, or the like.
- the first safety valve 21 In the ship 1A of the above embodiment, when the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in the tank 11, the first safety valve 21 is made to function.
- the first safety valve 21 functions by transmitting the pressure in the tank 11 to the first pilot valve 23 through the first pressure introduction line 41.
- the first pilot valve 23 When the pressure of the gas phase in the tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure, the first pilot valve 23 operates.
- the gas in the tank 11 gas of liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is discharged to the outside of the tank 11 by the first safety valve 21.
- the second safety valve 31 when the liquefied gas L2 other than the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in the tank 11, the second safety valve 31 is made to function.
- the second safety valve 31 functions by transmitting the pressure in the tank 11 to the second pilot valve 33 through the second pressure introduction line 42.
- the second pilot valve 33 When the pressure of the gas phase in the tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure, the second pilot valve 33 operates.
- the second safety valve 31 sends out the gas in the tank 11 (the gas vaporized by the liquefied gas L2) to the outside of the tank 11. Then, the gas delivered from the tank 11 is sent to the vent riser 9 through the connecting pipe 45. After that, the gas guided to the vent riser 9 is discharged to the outside from the vent riser 9.
- the gas vaporized by the liquefied gas L2 is released from the vent riser 9 arranged apart from the second safety valve 31, whereas the gas vaporized by the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is released from the first safety valve 21. It is released directly.
- the first safety valve 21 is not connected to the connecting pipe 45 and the vent riser 9. Therefore, even if dry ice is generated when the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 releases the vaporized gas at the first safety valve 21, it is possible to prevent the connecting pipe 45 from being blocked by the generated dry ice.
- the switching valve 43 can selectively switch the pressure transmission destination in the tank 11 between the first pilot valve 23 and the second pilot valve 33. That is, when the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in the tank 11, the pressure in the tank 11 is transmitted to the first safety valve 21, and when the liquefied gas L2 is stored, the pressure in the tank 11 is transmitted to the second safety valve 31.
- the switching valve 43 may be switched so as to transmit.
- an appropriate safety valve first safety valve 21, second safety valve 31
- the information indicating the pressure transmission destination in the tank 11 in the switching valve 43 detected by the detection unit 43s is output to the outside by the information output unit 43m. Therefore, the operator can easily grasp the pressure transmission destination in the tank 11 in the switching valve 43 based on the information output from the information output unit 43m. That is, in the unlikely event that the type of the contained matter contained in the tank 11 and the safety valve that transmits the pressure in the tank 11 to function are different, this should be easily grasped and dealt with. Is possible.
- the connecting pipe 45 includes a detachable pipe 49 that constitutes a part of the connecting pipe 45 and a connecting pipe main body 48 that constitutes the rest of the connecting pipe 45 excluding the detachable pipe 49.
- the detachable pipe 49 constitutes a part of the connecting pipe 45 in the extending direction of the connecting pipe 45.
- the attachment / detachment tube 49 is configured to be removable from the connection tube main body 48.
- the detachable pipe 49 in this modification is arranged on the side of the connecting pipe 45 closer to the second safety valve 31.
- the attachment / detachment pipe 49 is attached so that the connection pipe main body 48, which is the rest of the connection pipe 45, and the second safety valve 31 can communicate with each other, and is, for example, flange-connected to the connection pipe main body 48. ..
- the detachable pipe 49 is attached as a part of the connecting pipe 45.
- the detachable pipe 49 is removed in case dry ice is generated by the carbon dioxide gas released from the second safety valve 31. Therefore, the discharge port 34b of the second safety valve 31 is in a state close to the case where it is directly opened to the atmosphere, and as a result, dry ice is generated by the carbon dioxide gas discharged from the discharge port 34b when the second safety valve 31 is operated. Even if it is generated, it is possible to suppress the blockage of the connecting pipe 45 due to the generated dry ice.
- the detachable pipe 49 is arranged on the side of the connecting pipe 45 closer to the second safety valve 31, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the detachable pipe 49 may be arranged at any position of the connecting pipe 45.
- the tank 11 can selectively store the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and the liquefied gas L2 other than the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 inside the tank 11.
- the liquefied gas L2 other than the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 include liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), and ammonia.
- the loading pipe 13 loads the stored gas L supplied from onshore equipment or the like into the tank 11.
- the loading pipe 13 penetrates the top of the tank 11 from the outside of the tank 11 and extends to the inside of the tank 11.
- the tip of the loading pipe 13 is open in the tank 11.
- the unloading pipe 14 sends the stored gas L in the tank 11 outboard.
- the unloading pipe 14 penetrates the top of the tank 11 from the outside of the tank 11 and extends to the inside of the tank 11.
- a pump (not shown) is provided at the tip of the unloading pipe 14. The pump sucks in the stored gas L in the tank 11.
- the unloading pipe 14 sends the stored gas L sucked by the pump to the outside of the tank 11 (outboard).
- the safety valve system 20B mainly includes a safety valve 51, a connecting pipe 55, and a vent riser 9.
- the safety valve 51 is arranged at the top of the tank 11.
- the safety valve 51 releases the pressure in the tank 11 when the pressure of the stored gas L in the tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure.
- the safety valve 51 may be a pilot type as in the first embodiment.
- the vent riser 9 is arranged away from the safety valve 51.
- the vent riser 9 releases the vaporized gas of the liquefied gas L2 delivered from the safety valve 51 to the outside.
- the vent riser 9 is connected to the safety valve 51 via the connecting pipe 55.
- connection pipe 55 connects the safety valve 51 and the vent riser 9.
- the connection pipe 55 is connected to the discharge port 54b of the safety valve 51.
- the connection tube 55 includes a detachable detachable tube 59 as a part thereof.
- the attachment / detachment pipe 59 is, for example, flange-connected to the connection pipe main body 58, which is the rest of the connection pipe 55, like the attachment / detachment pipe 49 of the first embodiment.
- the detachable pipe 59 of the second embodiment is arranged between the connecting pipe main body 58 and the safety valve 51, which is the side of the connecting pipe 55 close to the safety valve 51.
- the detachable pipe 59 is not limited to the side of the connecting pipe 55 close to the safety valve 51, and may be arranged at any position.
- the pressure in the tank 11 rises and exceeds a predetermined set pressure, the safety valve 51 operates, and the gas vaporized by the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 in the tank 11 is discharged from the discharge port 54b by the carbon dioxide gas. Even if dry ice is generated, it is possible to prevent the connecting pipe 55 from being blocked by the generated dry ice.
- the safety valve 51 is shared by the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and the liquefied gas L2, and the attachment / detachment pipe 59 is simply attached / detached according to the type of the contents contained in the tank 11 to release the safety valve 51. Can be selected appropriately. Then, the operator can easily recognize that the detachable pipe 59 is in a removed state. Therefore, the discharge destination of the contents of the tank 11 discharged from the safety valve 51 can be easily and safely switched. Further, since the safety valve 51 can be shared between the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and the liquefied gas L2, the equipment cost can be reduced.
- the first safety valve 21, the second safety valve 31, and the safety valve 51 are provided one by one, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a plurality of the first safety valve 21, the second safety valve 31, and the safety valve 51 may be provided.
- the set pressures of the first safety valve 21, the second safety valve 31, and the safety valve 51 may be different in stages.
- the configuration includes two tanks 11, but the present invention is not limited to this. It may have one or more tanks 11.
- ships 1A and 1B are exemplified as floating bodies, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the floating body may be an offshore floating body facility without a propulsion mechanism.
- the floating bodies 1A and 1B according to the first aspect are arranged in the floating body main body 2 and the floating body main body 2, and can selectively store the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and the liquefied gas L2 other than the liquefied carbon dioxide L1.
- the tank 11 has a first pilot valve 23 that operates when the pressure in the tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure, and the pressure in the tank 11 is reduced by the operation of the first pilot valve 23.
- the first safety valve 21 that discharges to the outside of the tank 11, the first pressure introduction line 41 that transmits the pressure in the tank 11 to the first pilot valve 23, and the pressure in the tank 11 become a predetermined set pressure.
- a second safety valve 31 having a second pilot valve 33 that operates when the gas reaches the tank 11 and sending the gas in the tank 11 to the outside of the tank 11 by operating the second pilot valve 33, and the second safety valve 31.
- the vent riser 9 which is arranged apart from the safety valve 31 and discharges the gas to the outside is connected to the second safety valve 31 and the vent riser 9, and the gas delivered from the second safety valve 31 is vented.
- a switching valve 43 that selectively switches between the second pilot valve 33 and the second pilot valve 33 is provided.
- floating bodies 1A and 1B include ships and offshore floating body equipment.
- Examples of the floating body 2 include a floating body 2 of a hull and offshore floating equipment.
- Examples of the liquefied gas L2 include liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied natural gas, and ammonia.
- the floating bodies 1A and 1B make the first safety valve 21 function when the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in the tank 11.
- the first safety valve 21 functions by transmitting the pressure in the tank 11 to the first pilot valve 23 through the first pressure introduction line 41.
- the first pilot valve 23 operates.
- the gas in the tank 11 (the gas vaporized by the liquefied carbon dioxide L1) can be discharged to the outside of the tank 11 by the first safety valve 21.
- the second safety valve 31 is made to function.
- the second safety valve 31 functions by transmitting the pressure in the tank 11 to the second pilot valve 33 through the second pressure introduction line 42.
- the second pilot valve 33 operates.
- the second safety valve 31 sends out the gas in the tank 11 (the gas vaporized by the liquefied gas L2) to the outside of the tank 11.
- the gas delivered from the second safety valve 31 is sent to the vent riser 9 through the connecting pipe 45. This gas is discharged to the outside from the vent riser 9. In this way, the gas vaporized by the liquefied gas L2 is released from the vent riser 9 arranged apart from the second safety valve 31, whereas the gas vaporized by the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is released from the first safety valve 21.
- the switching valve 43 selectively switches the pressure transmission destination in the tank 11 between the first pilot valve 23 and the second pilot valve 33. That is, when the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 is stored in the tank 11, the pressure in the tank 11 is transmitted to the first safety valve 21, and when the liquefied gas L2 is stored, the pressure in the tank 11 is transmitted to the second safety valve 31.
- the switching valve 43 may be switched so as to transmit. This allows the appropriate safety valves 21 and 31 to function depending on what is stored in the tank 11. Therefore, the discharge destination of the contents of the tank 11 discharged from the safety valves 21 and 31 can be easily and safely switched.
- the floating bodies 1A and 1B according to the second aspect are the floating bodies 1A and 1B of (1), and the detection unit 43s for detecting the pressure transmission destination in the tank 11 in the switching valve 43 and the said. Further, an information output unit 43m for outputting information indicating the transmission destination detected by the detection unit 43s to the outside is further provided.
- the information indicating the pressure transmission destination in the tank 11 in the switching valve 43 detected by the detection unit 43s is output to the outside by the information output unit 43m. Therefore, the operator can easily grasp the pressure transmission destination in the tank 11 in the switching valve 43 based on the information output from the information output unit 43m.
- the floating bodies 1A and 1B according to the third aspect are the floating bodies 1A and 1B of (1) or (2), and the connecting pipe 45 is the connecting pipe 45 in the extending direction of the connecting pipe 45.
- a detachable pipe 49 constituting a part thereof and a connecting pipe main body 48 constituting the rest of the connecting pipe 45 are provided, and the detachable pipe 49 is configured to be detachable from the connecting pipe main body 48.
- the floating bodies 1A and 1B according to the fourth aspect are arranged in the floating body main body 2 and the floating body main body 2, and can selectively store the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and the liquefied gas L2 other than the liquefied carbon dioxide L1.
- the tank 11 and the safety valve 51 that sends the pressure inside the tank 11 to the outside of the tank 11 when the pressure inside the tank 11 reaches a predetermined set pressure are arranged apart from the safety valve 51.
- a vent riser 9 that discharges the gas to the outside, and a connecting pipe 55 that connects the safety valve 51 and the vent riser 9 and guides the gas delivered from the safety valve 51 to the vent riser 9 are provided.
- the connecting pipe 55 includes a detachable pipe 59 that constitutes a part of the connecting pipe 55 in the extending direction of the connecting pipe 55, and a connecting pipe main body 58 that constitutes the rest of the connecting pipe 55.
- the 59 is configured to be removable from the connection pipe main body 58.
- the gas discharged from the discharge port 54b of the safety valve 51 can be immediately released to the atmosphere by removing a part of the connecting pipe 55.
- the connecting pipe 55 even if dry ice is generated by the carbon dioxide gas discharged from the discharge port 54b when the safety valve 51 is operated, it is possible to prevent the connecting pipe 55 from being blocked by the generated dry ice.
- the gas vaporized by the liquefied gas L2 sent out from the safety valve 51 when the safety valve 51 is operated is discharged to the outside from the vent riser 9 through the connecting pipe 55.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and the liquefied gas L2 can appropriately select the release form from the safety valve 51 according to the type of the content contained in the tank 11 while sharing the safety valve 51. .. Then, the operator can easily recognize that the detachable pipe 59 is in a removed state. Therefore, the discharge destination of the contents of the tank 11 discharged from the safety valve 51 can be easily and safely switched. Further, since the safety valve 51 can be shared between the liquefied carbon dioxide L1 and the liquefied gas L2, the equipment cost can be reduced.
- the discharge destination of the tank contents discharged from the safety valve can be easily and safely switched.
- Second pilot valve 34 ... Main valve valve box 34a ... Inflow port 34b ... Discharge port 34d ... back pressure chamber 35 ... cylinder 35s ... pressure introduction chamber 36 ... valve body 37 ... urging member 38 ... communication line 41 ... first pressure introduction line 42 ... second pressure introduction line 43 ... switching valve 43m ... information output unit 43s ... Detection unit 44 ... Pressure supply pipe 45 ... Connection pipe 48 ... Connection pipe body 49 ... Detachable pipe 51 ... Safety valve 53 ... Pilot valve 54b ... Discharge port 55 ... Connection pipe 58 ... Connection pipe body 59 ... Detachable pipe L ... Storage gas L1 ... Liquefied carbon dioxide L2 ... Liquefied gas
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2020年11月12日に、日本に出願された特願2020-188463号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
液化石油ガス等、可燃性を有した液化ガスをタンクに貯蔵する場合、安全弁は配管を介してベントライザーへ接続されている。安全弁が開いてタンク内の気体の液化ガスが放出されるときに、気体の液化ガスは、安全弁の吐出口から直に大気放出させず、安全弁から配管を通してベントライザーに導かれる。そして、気体の液化ガスは、高所に配置されたベントライザーの出口から大気中に放出される。
しかしながら、収容物の放出先を誤ると配管内の閉塞等の不具合が生じる可能性が有るため、収容物の放出先を切り替える際に細心の注意を払う必要があり、作業者の負担が増加してしまうという課題がある。
以下、本開示の実施形態に係る浮体について、図1~図9を参照して説明する。
(船舶の構成)
図1に示すように、この実施形態において、浮体としての船舶1Aは、浮体本体としての船体2と、タンク設備10と、を少なくとも備えている。
船体2は、その外殻をなす、一対の舷側3A,3Bと、船底(図示無し)と、上甲板5と、を有している。舷側3A,3Bは、左右舷側をそれぞれ形成する一対の舷側外板を有する。船底(図示無し)は、これら舷側3A,3Bを接続する船底外板を有する。これら一対の舷側3A,3B及び船底(図示無し)により、船体2の外殻は、船首尾方向Daに直交する断面において、U字状を成している。この実施形態で例示する上甲板5は、外部に露出する全通甲板である。船体2には、船尾2b側の上甲板5上に、居住区を有する上部構造7が形成されている。なお、上部構造7の位置は一例に過ぎず、例えば船体2の船首2a側に配置してもよい。
船体2の上甲板5上には、後述するベントライザー9が配置されている。なお、ベントライザー9の配置は一例に過ぎず、複数のタンク11の安全弁接続管をひとつのベントライザー9に接続してもよい。
タンク設備10は、貨物搭載区画8内に、船首尾方向Daに沿って、複数が配置されている。この実施形態において、タンク設備10は、船首尾方向Daに間隔を空けて二個配置されている。
この実施形態において、タンク11は、船体2に配置されている。タンク11は、例えば、水平方向に延びる円筒状である。なお、タンク11は、円筒状に限られるものではなく、タンク11は球形、方形等であってもよい。
安全弁システム20Aは、第一安全弁21と、第二安全弁31と、接続管45と、ベントライザー9と、第一圧力導入ライン41と、第二圧力導入ライン42と、切換弁43と、を主に備えている。
弁体26は、シリンダ25内で、往復動可能に配置されている。付勢部材27は、弁体26に対して往復動する方向の一方側に配置されている。付勢部材27は、弁体26をシリンダ25内で他方側に付勢している。シリンダ25内には、弁体26に対して他方側(付勢部材27の反対側)に、圧力導入室25sが形成される。圧力導入室25sには、後述する第一圧力導入ライン41を通して、タンク11内の圧力が伝達される。言い換えれば、圧力導入室25sは、第一圧力導入ライン41を介してタンク11内と連通可能とされ、タンク11内と連通されているときに、その内部とタンク11内の気相とが同一圧力となるように構成されている。この圧力導入室25sと、主弁弁箱24の背圧室24dとは、連通ライン28を介して連通接続されている。
弁体36は、シリンダ35内で、往復動可能に配置されている。付勢部材37は、弁体36に対して往復動する方向の一方側に配置されている。付勢部材37は、弁体36をシリンダ35内で他方側に付勢している。シリンダ35内には、弁体36に対して他方側(付勢部材37の反対側)に、圧力導入室35sが形成される。圧力導入室35sには、後述する第二圧力導入ライン42を通して、タンク11内の圧力が伝達される。いかえれば、圧力導入室35sは、第二圧力導入ライン42を介してタンク11内と連通可能とされ、タンク11内と連通されているときに、その内部とタンク11内の気相とが同一圧力となるように構成されている。この圧力導入室35sと、背圧室34dとは、連通ライン38を介して連通接続されている。
上記実施形態の船舶1Aでは、タンク11に液化二酸化炭素L1を貯留する場合、第一安全弁21を機能させる。第一安全弁21は、第一圧力導入ライン41を通して第一パイロット弁23にタンク11内の圧力を伝達させることで機能させる。タンク11内の気相の圧力が所定の設定圧力に到達すると、第一パイロット弁23が動作する。第一パイロット弁23が動作すると、第一安全弁21によってタンク11内の気体(液化二酸化炭素L1のガス)がタンク11の外部に放出される。
上記実施形態において、以下に示すような構成を備えるようにしてもよい。
図6、図7に示すように、接続管45は、接続管45の一部を構成する着脱管49と、着脱管49を除く接続管45の残部を構成する接続管本体48とを備えている。着脱管49は、接続管45の延びる方向で接続管45の一部を構成している。着脱管49は、接続管本体48に対して着脱可能に構成されている。この変形例における着脱管49は、接続管45のうち、第二安全弁31に近い側に配置されている。より具体的には、着脱管49は、接続管45の残部である接続管本体48と、第二安全弁31とを連通可能なように取り付けられ、例えば、接続管本体48とフランジ接続されている。このような構成では、通常時は、図6に示すように、着脱管49を接続管45の一部として装着しておく。これにより、上記実施形態と同様、タンク11内に液化ガスL2が貯留された場合に第二安全弁31を機能させると、液化ガスL2が気化した気体が第二安全弁31から接続管45を通ってベントライザー9に導かれて外部に放出される。
次に、この発明に係る浮体第二実施形態について説明する。以下に説明する第二実施形態においては、第一実施形態と安全弁システムの構成のみが異なるので、第一実施形態と同一部分に同一符号を付して説明するとともに、重複説明を省略する。
図8に示すように、この第二実施形態において、浮体としての船舶1Bは、タンク設備10に、安全弁システム20Bを少なくとも備えている。
安全弁システム20Bは、安全弁51と、接続管55と、ベントライザー9と、を主に備えている。
上記第二実施形態の船舶1Bによれば、タンク11に液化二酸化炭素L1を貯留する場合、接続管55の一部である着脱管59を取り外すことで、安全弁51の吐出口54bに近い位置で大気開放させることができる。これにより、安全弁51の作動時に吐出口54bから吐出される二酸化炭素の気体によりドライアイスが生成されても、生成されたドライアイスによって接続管55が閉塞されることを抑えられる。また、タンク11に液化ガスL2を貯留する場合、安全弁51の作動時に安全弁51から送出される液化ガスL2が気化した気体は、接続管55を通してベントライザー9に導いて外部に放出することができる。
このようにして、液化二酸化炭素L1と液化ガスL2とで、安全弁51を共用しつつ、タンク11への収容物の種類に応じて、着脱管59を着脱するのみで、安全弁51からの放出形態を適切に選択することができる。そして、作業者は、着脱管59が取り外された状態であることを容易に認識できる。したがって、安全弁51から放出されるタンク11の収容物の放出先を容易且つ安全に切り替えることができる。また、液化二酸化炭素L1と液化ガスL2とで、安全弁51を共用できるので、設備コストを低減することができる。
以上、本開示の実施の形態について図面を参照して詳述したが、具体的な構成はこの実施の形態に限られるものではなく、本開示の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計変更等も含まれる。
例えば、上記実施形態では、第一安全弁21、第二安全弁31、安全弁51を、一つずつ備えるようにしたが、これに限られない。第一安全弁21、第二安全弁31、安全弁51は、それぞれ複数個を備えるようにしても良い。第一安全弁21、第二安全弁31、安全弁51を複数備える場合、第一安全弁21、第二安全弁31、安全弁51の設定圧力を段階的に異ならせるようにしても良い。
また、上記実施形態では、浮体として船舶1A、1Bを例示したが、これに限られない。浮体は、推進機構を備えない洋上浮体設備であってもよい。
各実施形態に記載の浮体1A,1Bは、例えば以下のように把握される。
浮体1A,1Bの例としては、船舶や洋上浮体設備が挙げられる。浮体本体2の例としては、船体や洋上浮体設備の浮体本体2が挙げられる。
液化ガスL2の例としては、液化石油ガス、液化天然ガス、アンモニアが挙げられる。
タンク11に液化二酸化炭素L1以外の液化ガスL2を貯留する場合、第二安全弁31を機能させる。第二安全弁31は、第二圧力導入ライン42を通して第二パイロット弁33にタンク11内の圧力を伝達させることで機能する。タンク11内の圧力が設定圧力に到達すると、第二パイロット弁33が動作する。第二パイロット弁33が動作することにより、第二安全弁31は、タンク11内の気体(液化ガスL2が気化した気体)をタンク11の外部に送出する。第二安全弁31から送出された気体は、接続管45を通してベントライザー9に送られる。この気体は、ベントライザー9から外部に放出される。このようにして、液化ガスL2が気化した気体は、第二安全弁31から離間して配置されたベントライザー9から放出されるのに対し、液化二酸化炭素L1が気化した気体は第一安全弁21から直接放出される。そのため、第一安全弁21で二酸化炭素の気体を放出した際にドライアイスが生成されても、生成されたドライアイスによって接続管45が閉塞されることを抑えられる。
切換弁43は、タンク11内の圧力の伝達先を第一パイロット弁23と第二パイロット弁33との間で選択的に切り換える。つまり、タンク11に液化二酸化炭素L1を貯留する場合には、第一安全弁21にタンク11内の圧力を伝達し、液化ガスL2を貯留する場合には、第二安全弁31にタンク11内の圧力を伝達するように、切換弁43を切り換えればよい。これにより、タンク11に貯留するものに応じて、適切な安全弁21,31を機能させることができる。したがって、安全弁21,31から放出されるタンク11の収容物の放出先を容易且つ安全に切り替えることができる。
また、タンク11に液化ガスL2を貯留する場合、安全弁51の作動時に安全弁51から送出される液化ガスL2が気化した気体は、接続管55を通してベントライザー9から外部に放出される。このようにして、液化二酸化炭素L1と、液化ガスL2とで、安全弁51を共用しつつ、タンク11への収容物の種類に応じて、安全弁51からの放出形態を適切に選択することができる。そして、作業者は、着脱管59が取り外された状態であることを容易に認識できる。したがって、安全弁51から放出されるタンク11の収容物の放出先を容易且つ安全に切り替えることができる。また、液化二酸化炭素L1と液化ガスL2とで、安全弁51を共用できるので、設備コストを低減することができる。
Claims (4)
- 浮体本体と、
前記浮体本体に配置され、液化二酸化炭素と液化二酸化炭素以外の液化ガスとを選択的に貯留可能なタンクと、
前記タンク内の圧力が所定の設定圧力に到達した場合に動作する第一パイロット弁を有し、前記第一パイロット弁が動作することで前記タンク内の気体を前記タンクの外部に放出する第一安全弁と、
前記第一パイロット弁に前記タンク内の圧力を伝達させる第一圧力導入ラインと、
前記タンク内の圧力が所定の設定圧力に到達した場合に動作する第二パイロット弁を有し、前記第二パイロット弁が動作することで前記タンク内の気体を前記タンクの外部に送出する第二安全弁と、
前記第二安全弁から離間して配置され、前記気体を外部に放出するベントライザーと、
前記第二安全弁と前記ベントライザーとを接続し、前記第二安全弁から送出された前記気体を前記ベントライザーへと導く接続管と、
前記第二パイロット弁に前記タンク内の圧力を伝達させる第二圧力導入ラインと、
前記タンク内の圧力の伝達先を前記第一パイロット弁と前記第二パイロット弁との間で選択的に切り換える切換弁と、を備える
浮体。 - 前記切換弁における前記タンク内の圧力の伝達先を検知する検知部と、
前記検知部で検知された前記伝達先を示す情報を外部に出力する情報出力部と、を更に備える
請求項1に記載の浮体。 - 前記接続管は、
該接続管の延びる方向で前記接続管の一部を構成する着脱管と、前記接続管の残部を構成する接続管本体と、を備え、
前記着脱管は、前記接続管本体に対して着脱可能に構成されている
請求項1又は2に記載の浮体。 - 浮体本体と、
前記浮体本体に配置され、液化二酸化炭素と液化二酸化炭素以外の液化ガスとを選択的に貯留可能なタンクと、
前記タンク内の圧力が所定の設定圧力に到達した場合に前記タンク内の気体を前記タンクの外部に送出する安全弁と、
前記安全弁から離間して配置され、前記気体を外部に放出するベントライザーと、
前記安全弁と前記ベントライザーとを接続し、前記安全弁から送出された前記気体を前記ベントライザーへと導く接続管と、を備え、
前記接続管は、
該接続管の延びる方向で前記接続管の一部を構成する着脱管と、前記接続管の残部を構成する接続管本体と、を備え、
前記着脱管は、前記接続管本体に対し着脱可能に構成されている
浮体。
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