WO2021124619A1 - 船舶、船舶における液化二酸化炭素の積込方法 - Google Patents
船舶、船舶における液化二酸化炭素の積込方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021124619A1 WO2021124619A1 PCT/JP2020/033866 JP2020033866W WO2021124619A1 WO 2021124619 A1 WO2021124619 A1 WO 2021124619A1 JP 2020033866 W JP2020033866 W JP 2020033866W WO 2021124619 A1 WO2021124619 A1 WO 2021124619A1
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- carbon dioxide
- liquefied carbon
- tank
- valve
- loading pipe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B79/00—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation
- B63B79/10—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation using sensors, e.g. pressure sensors, strain gauges or accelerometers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/021—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the height as the parameter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
- F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0192—Three-phase, e.g. CO2 at triple point
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0192—Three-phase, e.g. CO2 at triple point
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
- F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
- F17C2225/043—Localisation of the filling point in the gas
- F17C2225/045—Localisation of the filling point in the gas with a dip tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
- F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
- F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
- F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
- F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0408—Level of content in the vessel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/043—Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
- F17C2260/026—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer by calculation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a ship and a method for loading liquefied carbon dioxide on a ship.
- the present application claims priority with respect to Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-228784 filed in Japan on December 19, 2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that liquefied gas such as LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) is loaded into the tank through a pipe led from the vicinity of the top of the tank to the vicinity of the bottom of the tank.
- LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
- triple point pressure the triple point pressure at which the gas phase, liquid phase, and solid phase coexist (hereinafter referred to as triple point pressure) is higher than the triple point pressure of LNG or LPG. Therefore, the triple point pressure becomes close to the operating pressure of the tank.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide may solidify to generate dry ice for the following reasons.
- the lower end of the loading pipe that opens in the tank is arranged at the lower part in the tank.
- the vicinity of the opening of the loading pipe is pressurized as the number of liquid heads increases. Therefore, it is possible to suppress flash evaporation of the liquefied gas released from the opening of the loading pipe.
- the pressure of carbon dioxide inside is the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide at the lower end of the pipe, and the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank and the pipe top. It becomes lower by the amount according to the height difference of.
- the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide becomes less than the triple point pressure at the top of the loading pipe where the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide is the lowest, and the liquefied carbon dioxide evaporates, and the latent heat of evaporation occurs.
- the temperature of the liquefied carbon dioxide remaining without evaporating may drop, and the liquefied carbon dioxide may solidify in the top of the loading pipe to generate dry ice. If dry ice is generated in the loading pipe in this way, the flow of liquefied carbon dioxide in the loading pipe may be obstructed, which may affect the operation of the tank.
- the present disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and is capable of suppressing the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe and smoothly operating the tank, liquefied carbon dioxide in the ship.
- the purpose is to provide a loading method for.
- the ship according to the present disclosure includes a hull, a tank, and a loading pipe.
- the hull has a pair of broadsides.
- the tank is provided on the hull.
- the tank can store liquefied carbon dioxide.
- the loading pipe loads liquefied carbon dioxide supplied from outside the ship into the tank.
- the loading pipe includes a transportation pipe, an upper loading pipe, a lower loading pipe, a first on-off valve, and a second on-off valve.
- the transport pipe has a connecting portion with the outboard.
- the upper loading pipe branches off from the transport pipe and extends.
- the upper loading pipe opens to the upper part in the tank.
- the lower loading pipe branches off from the transport pipe and extends.
- the lower loading pipe opens to the lower part in the tank.
- the first on-off valve is provided in the upper loading pipe.
- the second on-off valve is provided in the lower loading pipe.
- the method for loading liquefied carbon dioxide on a ship is the method for loading liquefied carbon dioxide on a ship.
- the method of loading the liquefied carbon dioxide in this ship includes a step of opening the first on-off valve and loading the liquefied carbon dioxide into the tank through the upper loading pipe, and a liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide in the tank. After the level reaches a switching level set higher than the opening of the lower loading pipe, the first on-off valve is closed and the second on-off valve is opened, and the lower loading pipe is passed through the tank into the tank. It includes a process of loading liquefied carbon dioxide.
- FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which liquefied carbon dioxide is loaded into a tank from an upper loading pipe in a ship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state in which liquefied carbon dioxide is injected into a tank from a spray pipe in a ship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a figure which shows the hardware composition of the control device provided in the ship which concerns on embodiment of this disclosure.
- the ship 1 of the embodiment of the present disclosure carries various liquefied gases including liquefied carbon dioxide and liquefied carbon dioxide. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ship 1 includes at least a hull 2, a tank 21, and a loading pipe 30. In this embodiment, the case of transporting liquefied carbon dioxide will be described as an example.
- the hull 2 has a pair of side sides 3A and 3B forming its outer shell, a ship bottom (not shown), and an exposed deck 5.
- the side 3A and 3B are provided with a pair of side outer plates forming the left and right side respectively.
- the bottom of the ship (not shown) includes a bottom outer plate connecting these side 3A and 3B. Due to these pair of sideways 3A and 3B and the bottom of the ship (not shown), the outer shell of the hull 2 has a U-shape in a cross section orthogonal to the stern and tail direction Da.
- the exposed deck 5 is an all-deck exposed to the outside.
- an upper structure 7 having a living area is formed on the exposed deck 5 on the stern 2b side.
- the hull 2 has a tank system storage compartment (hold) 8 formed on the bow 2a side of the superstructure (living compartment) 7.
- the tank system storage compartment 8 is a closed compartment that is recessed toward the bottom of the ship (not shown) below the exposed deck 5 and projects upward, or has the exposed deck 5 as the ceiling.
- a plurality of tanks 21 are provided in the tank system storage compartment 8.
- a total of seven tanks 21 in this embodiment are arranged in the tank system storage compartment 8, for example.
- the layout and the number of tanks 21 installed in the tank system storage compartment 8 are not limited in any way.
- each tank 21 has, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction (specifically, the stern direction).
- the tank 21 contains liquefied carbon dioxide L inside.
- the tank 21 is not limited to a cylindrical shape but may be a spherical shape.
- the loading pipe 30 loads the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the outside of the liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility on land, a bunker ship, or the like into the tank 21.
- the loading pipe 30 includes a transport pipe 31, an upper loading pipe 32, a lower loading pipe 33, a first on-off valve 34, a second on-off valve 35, and a spray pipe 38. , Is equipped.
- the loading pipe 30 has a connecting portion 31j provided at a bunker station or the like and connected to the outboard.
- the connecting portion 31j has, for example, a flange or the like, and is provided on at least one of the side 3A and 3B (for example, the side 3A).
- a supply pipe (not shown) for supplying liquefied carbon dioxide from the outside of a liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility, a bunker ship, or the like is detachable from the connecting portion 31j.
- the loading pipe 30 is mainly provided in the hull 2.
- the upper loading pipe 32 branches off from the transport pipe 31 and reaches the inside of the tank 21.
- the upper loading pipe 32 of this embodiment extends downward from the transport pipe 31 in the ship height direction (hereinafter, referred to as vertical Dv).
- the opening 32a formed at the lower end of the upper loading pipe 32 is located at the upper part in the tank 21.
- the upper part in the tank 21 means a region in the tank 21 above the center of the tank 21 in the vertical direction Dv.
- the opening 32a of the upper loading pipe 32 is located at a height Ha or higher when the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is 90% with respect to the volume of the tank 21 in the vertical direction Dv, for example. May be good.
- the upper loading pipe 32 supplies the liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 21 from the opening 32a provided in the upper part of the tank 21.
- the lower loading pipe 33 branches from the transport pipe 31 and reaches the inside of the tank 21 in the same manner as the upper loading pipe 32.
- the lower loading pipe 33 of this embodiment extends downward from the transport pipe 31 in the vertical direction Dv.
- the opening 33a formed at the lower end of the lower loading pipe 33 is located at the lower part in the tank 21.
- the lower part in the tank 21 means a region in the tank 21 below the center of the tank 21 in the vertical direction Dv.
- the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33 is located at a height Hb or less when the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is 10% with respect to the volume of the tank 21 in the vertical direction Dv, for example. May be good.
- the lower loading pipe 33 supplies the liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 21 from the opening 33a provided in the lower part of the tank 21.
- the first on-off valve 34 is provided in the upper loading pipe 32.
- the first on-off valve 34 opens and closes the flow path in the upper loading pipe 32.
- the second on-off valve 35 is provided in the lower loading pipe 33.
- the second on-off valve 35 opens and closes the flow path in the lower loading pipe 33.
- the first on-off valve 34 and the second on-off valve 35 can switch between an open state and a closed state based on a control signal output from the control device 60 (described later).
- the spray pipe 38 branches off from the transport pipe 31 and reaches the inside of the tank 21.
- the spray tube 38 has a plurality of injection holes (not shown).
- the injection holes of the spray pipe 38 illustrated in this embodiment are arranged below the opening 32a of the upper loading pipe 32 and above the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33 in the vertical direction Dv.
- the spray pipe 38 injects the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied through the transport pipe 31 into the tank 21 from a plurality of injection holes.
- the spray pipe 38 is provided with an on-off valve 39 that opens and closes a flow path from the transport pipe 31 to the spray pipe 38 on the side close to the transport pipe 31.
- the on-off valve 39 can switch between an open state and a closed state based on a control signal output from the control device 60 (described later).
- Vessel 1 further includes a liquid level detection unit 51, a pressure detection unit 52, and a control device 60.
- the liquid level detection unit 51 detects the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L stored in the tank 21.
- the liquid level detection unit 51 outputs the detected liquid level level Lf detection signal to the control device 60.
- the pressure detection unit 52 detects the pressure P of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 30.
- the pressure detection unit 52 is provided, for example, at the top 30t, which is the highest position of the loading pipe 30.
- the pressure detection unit 52 detects the pressure P of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 30 at the top 30t.
- the pressure detection unit 52 outputs the detection signal of the detected pressure P to the control device 60.
- Control device configuration When the control device 60 loads the liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 21, the first on-off valve 34 and the control device 60 are based on the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21 detected by the liquid level detection unit 51. The opening / closing operation of the second on-off valve 35 is controlled.
- the control device 60 is a computer including a CPU 61 (Central Processing Unit), a ROM 62 (Read Only Memory), a RAM 63 (Random Access Memory), an HDD 64 (Hard Disk Drive), a signal receiving module 65, and the like. .. A detection signal from the liquid level detection unit 51 and a detection signal from the pressure detection unit 52 are input to the signal receiving module 65.
- a CPU 61 Central Processing Unit
- ROM 62 Read Only Memory
- RAM 63 Random Access Memory
- HDD 64 Hard Disk Drive
- a detection signal from the liquid level detection unit 51 and a detection signal from the pressure detection unit 52 are input to the signal receiving module 65.
- the control device 60 executes a program stored in its own device in advance by the CPU 61, so that the signal input unit 70, the on-off valve control unit 71, the liquid level determination unit 72, and the pressure determination unit 73 are executed. , Each functional configuration of the output unit 74 is realized.
- the signal input unit 70 uses the signal receiving module 65 to receive the detection signal from the liquid level detection unit 51 and the detection signal from the pressure detection unit 52.
- the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21 detected by the liquid level detection unit 51 is higher than the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33, and the switching level Ls (preset) is set. (See FIGS. 2 and 3) is determined.
- the switching level Ls is, for example, when only the second on-off valve 35 of the lower loading pipe 33 is opened, the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 30 at the top 30t is higher than the triple point pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L.
- the liquid level Lf in the range where the pressure P of is higher is set.
- the switching level Ls is the lower limit or the lower limit of the liquid level Lf in the range in which the pressure P of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 30 at the top 30t is higher than the triple point pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L.
- a liquid level Lf slightly higher than the lower limit may be set.
- the switching level Ls can be obtained by, for example, an experiment, a simulation, a calculation, or the like.
- the pressure determination unit 73 determines whether or not the pressure P of the liquefied carbon dioxide L detected by the pressure detection unit 52 has dropped to a predetermined reference pressure Ps or less.
- the reference pressure Ps is a triple point pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L, or a pressure higher than the triple point pressure.
- the on-off valve control unit 71 controls the opening / closing operation of the first on-off valve 34, the second on-off valve 35, and the on-off valve 39.
- the on-off valve control unit 71 opens the on-off valve 39 and closes the first on-off valve 34 and the second on-off valve 35 prior to loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 21.
- the on-off valve control unit 71 closes the on-off valve 39 and opens the first on-off valve 34 at the start of loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 21.
- the on-off valve control unit 71 After the loading of the liquefied carbon dioxide L is started, the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L detected by the liquid level detection unit 51 in the liquid level determination unit 72 reaches the switching level Ls. If it is determined that the operation has been performed, the first on-off valve 34 is closed and the second on-off valve 35 is opened. The on-off valve control unit 71 outputs a control signal for opening and closing the first on-off valve 34 and the second on-off valve 35 to the first on-off valve 34 and the second on-off valve 35 via the output unit 74.
- the on-off valve control unit 71 opens the second on-off valve 35 and the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L detected by the pressure detecting unit 52 becomes equal to or less than a predetermined reference pressure Ps. , The first on-off valve 34 is opened.
- the loading method S10 of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the ship 1 includes the step S11 of loading the liquefied carbon dioxide through the upper loading pipe and the liquefied carbon dioxide loading through the lower loading pipe. Step S12 and the like.
- step S11 of loading liquefied carbon dioxide through the upper loading pipe first, of the first on-off valve 34, the second on-off valve 35, and the on-off valve 39, only the on-off valve 39 is opened. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, liquefied carbon dioxide L is injected into the tank from the spray pipe 38. As a result, the inside of the tank 21 is cooled, the pressure inside the tank 21 is lowered, and more liquefied carbon dioxide L can be loaded.
- the on-off valve 39 is closed and the first on-off valve 34 is opened.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded into the tank 21 through the upper loading pipe 32.
- the upper loading pipe 32 is open to the upper part in the tank 21. Therefore, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is released into the gas phase in the tank 21 from the opening 32a of the upper loading pipe 32.
- the height difference ⁇ h1 from the top 30t which is the highest position of the loading pipe 30, is smaller than the height difference ⁇ h2 between the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33 opening to the lower part in the tank 21 and the top 30t. Therefore, the pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the top 30t of the loading pipe 30 can be suppressed regardless of the position of the liquid level level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L was loaded into the tank 21 through the upper loading pipe 32, and the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L reached the switching level Ls set higher than the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33.
- the process proceeds to the step S12 of loading the liquefied carbon dioxide through the lower loading pipe.
- the first on-off valve 34 is closed and the second on-off valve 35 is opened.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded into the tank 21 through the lower loading pipe 33.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is stored to a level higher than the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33 (specifically, a level higher than the switching level Ls). Therefore, the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the lower loading pipe 33 has a pressure corresponding to the height of the liquid level Lf (specifically, the switching level Ls or more) of the liquefied carbon dioxide L stored in the tank 21. Is added. As a result, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the top 30t of the loading pipe 30 is increased.
- Step S21 the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the outside of the ship is injected into the tank 21 from the spray pipe 38, and the pressure in the tank 21 decreases.
- step S22 the control device 60 closes the on-off valve 39 and opens the first on-off valve 34 by the on-off valve control unit 71 (step S22). Then, the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the outside of the ship is supplied from the upper part in the tank 21 through the transportation pipe 31 and the upper loading pipe 32. As a result, the above-mentioned "step S11 for loading liquefied carbon dioxide through the upper loading pipe" is executed.
- the liquid level determination unit 72 sets the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L detected by the liquid level detection unit 51 higher than the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33. It is determined whether or not the switching level Ls has been reached (step S23). As a result of this determination, when it is determined that the liquid level level Lf has not reached the switching level Ls, the process of step S23 is repeated at predetermined time intervals. On the other hand, if it is determined that the liquid level level Lf has reached the switching level Ls, the process proceeds to step S24.
- step S24 the on-off valve control unit 71 closes the first on-off valve 34 and opens the second on-off valve 35.
- the supply of liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 21 through the upper loading pipe 32 is stopped.
- the supply of the liquefied carbon dioxide L to the tank 21 through the lower loading pipe 33 is started.
- step S12 of loading liquefied carbon dioxide through the lower loading pipe is executed.
- the pressure determination unit 73 determines the pressure P detected by the pressure detecting unit 52, that is, the pressure P of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the top 30t of the loading pipe 30. However, it is determined whether or not the pressure has dropped below the predetermined reference pressure Ps (step S25). As a result, when it is determined that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L has reached the reference pressure Ps, the process proceeds to step S26.
- step S26 the on-off valve control unit 71 operates the second on-off valve 35 toward the closed state and the first on-off valve 34 toward the open state.
- the second on-off valve 35 may be operated to the fully closed state in a short time, but it may be gradually closed, for example, by gradually closing the second on-off valve 35 at each preset opening degree. Good.
- the first on-off valve 34 may be operated to the fully opened state in a short time, but may be gradually opened, for example, by gradually opening at each predetermined opening degree. ..
- the first on-off valve 34 is opened. Make it work. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is supplied into the tank 21 from the upper loading pipe 32. At this time, the opening 32a of the upper loading pipe 32 is arranged in the gas phase above the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L loaded in the tank 21.
- the gas phase pressure (operating pressure of the tank 21) is set higher than the reference pressure Ps. Therefore, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the top 30t of the loading pipe 30 increases.
- the pressure determination unit 73 determines whether or not the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the top 30t of the loading pipe 30 detected by the pressure detection unit 52 has returned to a predetermined return pressure Pt (Pt> Ps). Is determined (step S27). As a result of this determination, when it is determined that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L has not reached the return pressure Pt, the loading of the liquefied carbon dioxide L from the upper loading pipe 32 is continued. On the other hand, when it is determined in step S27 that the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L has reached the return pressure Pt, the on-off valve control unit 71 closes the first on-off valve 34 and closes the second on-off valve. The 35 is opened (step S28). As a result, the liquefied carbon dioxide L returns to the state of being supplied into the tank 21 from the lower loading pipe 33.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded into the tank 21, and when the loading of a predetermined amount is completed, the on-off valve control unit 71 closes both the first on-off valve 34 and the second on-off valve 35, and liquefied carbon dioxide. The loading of carbon L is completed.
- the upper loading pipe 32 that opens to the upper part in the tank 21, the lower loading pipe 33 that opens to the lower part in the tank 21, and the first opening / closing provided in the upper loading pipe 32. It includes a valve 34 and a second on-off valve 35 provided in the lower loading pipe 33.
- the first on-off valve 34 is opened, the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the outside of the ship 1 is supplied from the upper part of the tank 21 through the transport pipe 31 and the upper loading pipe 32.
- the second on-off valve 35 is opened, the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the outside of the ship is supplied from the lower part of the tank 21 through the transportation pipe 31 and the lower loading pipe 33.
- the opening 32a of the upper loading pipe 32 is located at the upper part in the tank 21, it is the highest in the loading pipe 30 than the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33 located at the lower part in the tank 21.
- the height difference from the top 30t, which is the position, is small. Therefore, when the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded by the upper loading pipe 32, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the pressure P of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position in the loading pipe 30 regardless of the liquid level Lf.
- the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33 is located at the lower part in the tank 21, if the liquefied carbon dioxide L is stored to a level higher than the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33, the lower loading is performed.
- a pressure is applied to the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the filling pipe 33 according to the height of the liquid level level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L stored in the tank 21. Then, when the liquid level Lf rises and the liquid level Lf reaches a position where the ambient pressure of the opening 33a becomes higher than the gas phase in the tank 21, the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing into the tank 21 from the opening 33a. Can be put into a pressurized state (in other words, a subcooled state). Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of flash evaporation of the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing into the tank 21.
- the highest loading pipe 30 is used. It is possible to suppress the pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the position. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30 from approaching the triple point pressure. As a result, it is possible to prevent the liquefied carbon dioxide L from solidifying in the loading pipe 30 to generate dry ice, and to smoothly operate the tank 21.
- the first on-off valve 34 and the second on-off valve 35 are opened and closed based on the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21.
- a control device 60 for controlling the operation is provided. The control device 60 controls the opening / closing operation of the first on-off valve 34 and the second on-off valve 35 based on the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21, and is the highest in the loading pipe 30.
- the pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the position can be automatically suppressed.
- the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L detected by the liquid level detection unit 51 has reached the switching level Ls set higher than the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33.
- the control device 60 is configured to open the second on-off valve 35.
- the first on-off valve 34 is opened and the upper loading pipe is opened until the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21 reaches the set switching level Ls.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L can be loaded into the tank 21 through 32. Since the upper loading pipe 32 is open to the upper part in the tank 21, the liquefied carbon dioxide L can be loaded while suppressing the pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30. It can be carried out.
- the second on-off valve 35 is opened and the tank is passed through the lower loading pipe 33.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L can be loaded in 21.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the lower loading pipe 33 is the liquid of the liquefied carbon dioxide L stored in the tank 21.
- a pressure corresponding to the height of the surface level Lf, that is, the liquid level Lf equal to or higher than the switching level Ls is applied.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L can be loaded in a state where the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30 is increased.
- the control device 60 is adapted to open the first on-off valve 34.
- the pressure P of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 30 becomes the reference pressure while the second on-off valve 35 is opened and the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded in the tank 21 through the lower loading pipe 33.
- the first on-off valve 34 can be opened.
- the upper loading pipe 32 Since the upper loading pipe 32 is open to the upper part in the tank 21, it is at the highest position of the loading pipe 30 as compared with the case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded through the lower loading pipe 33. The height difference can be reduced. This makes it possible to increase the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30.
- the first on-off valve 34 is first opened and the tank 21 is passed through the upper loading pipe 32.
- Liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded inside. Since the upper loading pipe 32 is open to the upper part in the tank 21, the liquefied carbon dioxide L can be loaded while suppressing the pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30. It can be carried out. Therefore, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30 is suppressed from approaching the triple point pressure, and the liquefied carbon dioxide L is solidified in the loading pipe 30 to generate dry ice. Can be suppressed. Therefore, the tank 21 can be operated smoothly.
- the second on-off valve 35 is opened and the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded into the tank 21 through the lower loading pipe 33.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is stored to a level higher than the opening of the lower loading pipe 33. Therefore, a pressure corresponding to the height of the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L stored in the tank 21 can be applied to the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the lower loading pipe 33. As a result, the liquefied carbon dioxide L flowing into the tank 21 can be suppressed from flash evaporation.
- the lower loading pipe 33 is provided so as to extend downward from the top of the tank 21 into the tank 21, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the lower loading pipe 33B may be formed so as to wrap around from the upper side to the lower side of the tank 21, and the end portion of the lower loading pipe 33 may be connected to the lower end 21b of the tank 21. By doing so, the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33 can be positioned at the lower part in the tank 21.
- the processing procedure in the control device 60 for executing the loading method S10 of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the ship 1 and the loading method S10 of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the ship 1 is shown.
- the order of the above procedures can be changed as appropriate.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is injected from the spray pipe 38 into the tank 21, but the injection of the liquefied carbon dioxide L may be omitted.
- the ship 1 is supplied from a hull 2 having a pair of side surfaces 3A and 3B, a tank 21 provided on the hull 2 and capable of storing liquefied carbon dioxide L, and an outboard.
- a loading pipe 30 for loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 21 is provided, and the loading pipe 30 has a connecting portion 31j with the outside of the ship, and the transport pipe 31 extending into the hull 2 and the said.
- An upper loading pipe 32 that branches and extends from the transport pipe 31 and opens to the upper part in the tank 21, and a lower loading pipe 33 that branches and extends from the transport pipe 31 and opens to the lower part in the tank 21.
- a first on-off valve 34 provided in the upper loading pipe 32 and a second on-off valve 35 provided in the lower loading pipe 33 are provided.
- the first on-off valve 34 When the first on-off valve 34 is opened, the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the outside of the ship 1 is supplied from the upper part of the tank 21 through the transportation pipe 31 and the upper loading pipe 32.
- the second on-off valve 35 When the second on-off valve 35 is opened, the liquefied carbon dioxide L supplied from the outside of the ship is supplied from the lower part of the tank 21 through the transportation pipe 31 and the lower loading pipe 33. Since the upper loading pipe 32 is open to the upper part in the tank 21, the height difference from the highest position in the loading pipe 30 is smaller than that of the lower loading pipe 33 which is opened to the lower part in the tank 21. ..
- the pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30 can be suppressed regardless of the liquid level Lf in the tank 21.
- the lower loading pipe 33 is opened at the lower part in the tank 21, if the liquefied carbon dioxide L is stored to a level higher than the opening of the lower loading pipe 33, the inside of the lower loading pipe 33 is stored. A pressure corresponding to the height of the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L stored in the tank 21 is applied to the liquefied carbon dioxide L. As a result, the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30 can be increased.
- the highest position in the loading pipe 30 by appropriately adjusting the opening and closing of the first on-off valve 34 and the second on-off valve 35 according to the storage status of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21, the highest position in the loading pipe 30. It is possible to suppress the pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30 from approaching the triple point pressure. As a result, it is possible to prevent the liquefied carbon dioxide L from solidifying in the loading pipe 30 to generate dry ice. As a result, when the liquefied carbon dioxide L is stored in the tank 21, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 30 and smoothly operate the tank 21.
- the ship 1 according to the second aspect is the ship 1 of (1), and when the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded in the tank 21, the liquid level of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21
- a control device 60 for controlling the opening / closing operation of the first on-off valve 34 and the second on-off valve 35 based on Lf is further provided.
- control device 60 controls the opening / closing operation of the first on-off valve 34 and the second on-off valve 35 based on the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21, thereby in the loading pipe 30.
- the pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position can be automatically suppressed.
- the ship 1 according to the third aspect is the ship 1 of (2), and has a liquid level detection unit 51 that detects the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L stored in the tank 21. Further provided, the control device 60 opens the first on-off valve 34, loads the liquefied carbon dioxide L into the tank 21 through the upper loading pipe 32, and liquefies the liquefied carbon dioxide L detected by the liquid level detection unit 51. When the liquid level Lf of carbon dioxide L reaches the switching level Ls set higher than the opening 33a of the lower loading pipe 33, the second on-off valve 35 is opened and the lower loading pipe 33 is passed through. The liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded into the tank 21.
- the first on-off valve 34 is opened and the upper loading pipe 32 is opened until the liquid level Lf of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the tank 21 reaches the set switching level Ls under the control of the control device 60.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded into the tank 21 through the tank 21. Since the upper loading pipe 32 is open to the upper part in the tank 21, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded while suppressing the pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position in the loading pipe 30. be able to.
- the second on-off valve 35 Is opened and the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded into the tank 21 through the lower loading pipe 33.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is stored to a level higher than the opening of the lower loading pipe 33, so that the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the lower loading pipe 33 is liquefied stored in the tank 21.
- a pressure is applied according to the height of the liquid level Lf of carbon dioxide L.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L can be loaded in a state where the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30 is increased.
- the ship 1 according to the fourth aspect is the ship 1 of (2) or (3), and further includes a pressure detection unit 52 for detecting the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 30.
- a pressure detection unit 52 for detecting the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 30.
- the pressure P of the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the loading pipe 30 is equal to or less than the reference pressure Ps while the second on-off valve 35 is opened and the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded in the tank 21 through the lower loading pipe 33.
- the first on-off valve 34 is opened.
- the upper loading pipe 32 is open to the upper part in the tank 21, the position is the highest in the loading pipe 30 as compared with the case where the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded through the lower loading pipe 33.
- the height difference can be reduced.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L can be loaded while suppressing the pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position in the loading pipe 30.
- the method for loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the ship 1 according to the fifth aspect is the method for loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the ship 1 according to any one of (1) to (4).
- the first on-off valve 34 is closed, the second on-off valve 35 is opened, and the tank 21 is passed through the lower loading pipe 33.
- a step S12 for loading the liquefied carbon dioxide L is provided therein.
- the first on-off valve 34 is opened, and the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded into the tank 21 through the upper loading pipe 32. Since the upper loading pipe 32 is open to the upper part in the tank 21, the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded while suppressing the pressure drop of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position in the loading pipe 30. be able to. After that, the second on-off valve 35 is opened and the liquefied carbon dioxide L is loaded into the tank 21 through the lower loading pipe 33.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is stored to a level higher than the opening of the lower loading pipe 33, so that the liquefied carbon dioxide L in the lower loading pipe 33 is liquefied stored in the tank 21.
- a pressure is applied according to the height of the liquid level Lf of carbon dioxide L.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L can be loaded in a state where the pressure of the liquefied carbon dioxide L at the highest position of the loading pipe 30 is increased.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide L is stored in the tank 21, it is possible to suppress the generation of dry ice in the loading pipe 30 and smoothly operate the tank 21.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2019年12月19日に日本に出願された特願2019-228784号について優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
そして、このように、積込配管内でドライアイスが生成されてしまうと、積込配管内における液化二酸化炭素の流れが阻害され、タンクの運用に影響を及ぼす可能性がある。
(船舶の船体構成)
本開示の実施形態の船舶1は、液化二酸化炭素、液化二酸化炭素を含む多種の液化ガスを運搬する。図1、図2に示すように、この船舶1は、船体2と、タンク21と、積込配管30と、を少なくとも備えている。この実施形態では、液化二酸化炭素を運搬する場合を一例にして説明する。
図1に示すように、船体2は、その外殻をなす、一対の舷側3A,3Bと、船底(図示無し)と、曝露甲板5と、を有している。舷側3A,3Bは、左右舷側をそれぞれ形成する一対の舷側外板を備える。船底(図示無し)は、これら舷側3A,3Bを接続する船底外板を備える。これら一対の舷側3A,3B及び船底(図示無し)により、船体2の外殻は、船首尾方向Daに直交する断面において、U字状を成している。曝露甲板5は、外部に露出する全通甲板である。船体2には、船尾2b側の曝露甲板5上に、居住区を有する上部構造7が形成されている。
タンク21は、タンクシステム格納区画8内に、複数設けられている。この実施形態におけるタンク21は、タンクシステム格納区画8内に、例えば計7個配置されている。タンクシステム格納区画8内におけるタンク21のレイアウト、設置数は何ら限定するものではない。この実施形態において、各タンク21は、例えば、水平方向(具体的には、船首尾方向)に延びる円筒状である。タンク21は、その内部に液化二酸化炭素Lが収容される。なお、タンク21は、円筒状に限られるものではなく球形であってもよい。
積込配管30は、陸上の液化二酸化炭素供給施設やバンカー船等、船外から供給される液化二酸化炭素Lをタンク21内に積み込む。
図2に示すように、積込配管30は、輸送配管31と、上部積込配管32と、下部積込配管33と、第一開閉弁34と、第二開閉弁35と、スプレー管38と、を備えている。
第二開閉弁35は、下部積込配管33に設けられている。第二開閉弁35は、下部積込配管33内の流路を開閉する。
これら第一開閉弁34と第二開閉弁35とは、制御装置60(後述する)から出力される制御信号に基づき開状態と閉状態とを切り換え可能とされている。
液面検出部51は、タンク21内に貯留される液化二酸化炭素Lの液面レベルLfを検出する。液面検出部51は、検出された液面レベルLfの検出信号を、制御装置60に出力する。
制御装置60は、タンク21内に液化二酸化炭素Lを積み込むときに、液面検出部51で検出されるタンク21内の液化二酸化炭素Lの液面レベルLfに基づいて、第一開閉弁34及び第二開閉弁35の開閉動作を制御する。
図5に示すように、制御装置60は、CPU61(Central Processing Unit)、ROM62(Read Only Memory)、RAM63(Random Access Memory)、HDD64(Hard Disk Drive)、信号受信モジュール65等を備えるコンピュータである。信号受信モジュール65には、液面検出部51からの検出信号と、圧力検出部52からの検出信号とが入力される。
図6に示すように、制御装置60は、例えば、予め自装置で記憶するプログラムをCPU61で実行することにより、信号入力部70、開閉弁制御部71、液面判定部72、圧力判定部73、出力部74の各機能構成を実現する。
信号入力部70は、信号受信モジュール65を用いて、液面検出部51からの検出信号と、圧力検出部52からの検出信号とを受信する。
開閉弁制御部71は、タンク21への液化二酸化炭素Lの積込に先立ち、開閉弁39を開状態にして、第一開閉弁34及び第二開閉弁35を閉状態とする。開閉弁制御部71は、タンク21への液化二酸化炭素Lの積込開始時には、開閉弁39を閉状態にして、第一開閉弁34を開状態にする。また、開閉弁制御部71は、液化二酸化炭素Lの積込開始後、液面判定部72で、液面検出部51で検出される液化二酸化炭素Lの液面レベルLfが切替レベルLsに到達したと判定された場合、第一開閉弁34を閉状態にするとともに、第二開閉弁35を開状態にする。開閉弁制御部71は、第一開閉弁34、第二開閉弁35を開閉するための制御信号を、出力部74を介して第一開閉弁34、第二開閉弁35に出力する。また、開閉弁制御部71は、第二開閉弁35を開状態にしているときに、圧力検出部52で検出された液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力が予め定めた基準圧力Ps以下となった場合に、第一開閉弁34を開状態にする。
図7に示すように、この実施形態に係る船舶1における液化二酸化炭素Lの積込方法S10は、上部積込配管を通して液化二酸化炭素を積み込む工程S11と、下部積込配管を通して液化二酸化炭素を積み込む工程S12と、を含む。
次に、上記船舶における液化二酸化炭素の積込方法を、制御装置60の制御により自動的に実行するための処理の手順について説明する。
図8に示すように、制御装置60は、タンク21内への液化二酸化炭素Lの積込を開始するときに、まず、開閉弁制御部71により、スプレー管38の開閉弁39を開状態にする(ステップS21)。すると、船外から供給される液化二酸化炭素Lが、スプレー管38からタンク21内に噴射され、タンク21内の圧力が低下する。
上記実施形態の船舶1では、タンク21内の上部に開口する上部積込配管32と、タンク21内の下部に開口する下部積込配管33と、上部積込配管32に設けられた第一開閉弁34と、下部積込配管33に設けられた第二開閉弁35と、を備えている。
この船舶1は、第一開閉弁34を開状態にすると、船外から供給される液化二酸化炭素Lが、輸送配管31、及び上部積込配管32を通して、タンク21内の上部から供給される。また、第二開閉弁35を開状態にすると、船外から供給される液化二酸化炭素Lが、輸送配管31、及び下部積込配管33を通して、タンク21内の下部から供給される。そして、上部積込配管32の開口32aは、タンク21内の上部に位置しているため、タンク21内の下部に位置する下部積込配管33の開口33aよりも、積込配管30において最も高い位置である頂部30tとの高低差が小さい。そのため、上部積込配管32により液化二酸化炭素Lを積み込む際に、液面レベルLfに関わらず、積込配管30において最も高い位置における液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力Pの低下を抑えることができる。
この制御装置60により、タンク21内の液化二酸化炭素Lの液面レベルLfに基づいて、第一開閉弁34及び第二開閉弁35の開閉動作を制御することで、積込配管30の最も高い位置における液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力低下を、自動的に抑えることができる。
このような制御装置60の制御により、タンク21内の液化二酸化炭素Lの液面レベルLfが、設定された切替レベルLsに到達するまでは第一開閉弁34を開状態として、上部積込配管32を通してタンク21内に液化二酸化炭素Lを積み込むことができる。そして、上部積込配管32がタンク21内の上部に開口しているため、積込配管30の最も高い位置における液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力低下を抑えた状態で、液化二酸化炭素Lの積込を行うことができる。
これにより、第二開閉弁35を開状態にして下部積込配管33を通してタンク21内に液化二酸化炭素Lを積み込んでいる状態で、積込配管30内の液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力Pが基準圧力Ps以下に低下した場合に第一開閉弁34を開状態にすることができる。そして、上部積込配管32がタンク21内の上部に開口しているため、下部積込配管33を通して液化二酸化炭素Lを積み込んでいたときと比較して、積込配管30の最も高い位置との高低差を小さくすることができる。これにより、積込配管30の最も高い位置における液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力を上昇させることが可能となる。
以上、本開示の実施の形態について図面を参照して詳述したが、具体的な構成はこの実施の形態に限られるものではなく、本開示の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計変更等も含まれる。
なお、上記実施形態では、下部積込配管33を、タンク21の頂部からタンク21内に下方に延びるように設けたが、これに限るものではない。
例えば、図9に示すように、下部積込配管33Bは、タンク21上方から下方に回り込むように形成し、下部積込配管33の端部をタンク21の下端21bに接続してもよい。このようにすることでも、下部積込配管33の開口33aをタンク21内の下部に位置させることができる。
実施形態に記載の船舶1、船舶1における液化二酸化炭素Lの積込方法は、例えば以下のように把握される。
上部積込配管32は、タンク21内の上部に開口しているため、タンク21内の下部に開口する下部積込配管33と比較すると、積込配管30において最も高い位置との高低差が小さい。これにより、タンク21内の液面レベルLfに関わらず、積込配管30の最も高い位置における液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力低下を抑えることができる。
また、下部積込配管33は、タンク21内の下部に開口しているため、下部積込配管33の開口よりも高いレベルまで液化二酸化炭素Lが貯留されていれば、下部積込配管33内の液化二酸化炭素Lには、タンク21内に貯留された液化二酸化炭素Lの液面レベルLfの高さに応じた圧力が加わる。これにより、積込配管30の最も高い位置における液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力を高めることができる。
このように、タンク21内の液化二酸化炭素Lの貯留状況等に応じて、第一開閉弁34と第二開閉弁35との開閉を適切に調節することで、積込配管30において最も高い位置における液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力低下を抑えることができる。したがって、積込配管30の最も高い位置における液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力が、三重点圧力に近づくことが抑えられる。これにより、積込配管30内で液化二酸化炭素Lが凝固してドライアイスが生成されることが抑えられる。その結果、タンク21内に液化二酸化炭素Lを収容する場合において、積込配管30内でドライアイスが生成されるのを抑え、タンク21の運用を円滑に行うことが可能となる。
また、制御装置60の制御により、タンク21内の液化二酸化炭素Lの液面レベルLfが、下部積込配管33の開口33aよりも高く設定された切替レベルLsに到達したら、第二開閉弁35を開いて下部積込配管33を通してタンク21内に液化二酸化炭素Lを積み込む。この状態で、液化二酸化炭素Lは、下部積込配管33の開口よりも高いレベルまで貯留されているので、下部積込配管33内の液化二酸化炭素Lには、タンク21内に貯留された液化二酸化炭素Lの液面レベルLfの高さに応じた圧力が加わる。これにより、積込配管30の最も高い位置における液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力を高めた状態で、液化二酸化炭素Lの積込を行うことができる。
その後、第二開閉弁35を開いて下部積込配管33を通してタンク21内に液化二酸化炭素Lを積み込む。この状態で、液化二酸化炭素Lは、下部積込配管33の開口よりも高いレベルまで貯留されているので、下部積込配管33内の液化二酸化炭素Lには、タンク21内に貯留された液化二酸化炭素Lの液面レベルLfの高さに応じた圧力が加わる。これにより、積込配管30の最も高い位置における液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力を高めた状態で、液化二酸化炭素Lの積込を行うことができる。
このようにして、積込配管30の最も高い位置における液化二酸化炭素Lの圧力が、三重点圧力に近づくことが抑えられる。これにより、積込配管30内で液化二酸化炭素Lが凝固してドライアイスが生成されることが抑えられる。その結果、タンク21内に液化二酸化炭素Lを収容する場合において、積込配管30内でドライアイスが生成されるのを抑え、タンク21の運用を円滑に行うことが可能となる。
2…船体
2a…船首
2b…船尾
3A、3B…舷側
5…曝露甲板
7…上部構造
8…タンクシステム格納区画
21…タンク
21b…下端
30…積込配管
30t…頂部
31…輸送配管
31j…連結部
32…上部積込配管
32a…開口
33、33B…下部積込配管
33a…開口
34…第一開閉弁
35…第二開閉弁
38…スプレー管
39…開閉弁
51…液面検出部
52…圧力検出部
60…制御装置
61…CPU
62…ROM
63…RAM
64…HDD
65…信号受信モジュール
70…信号入力部
71…開閉弁制御部
72…液面判定部
73…圧力判定部
74…出力部
L…液化二酸化炭素
Lf…液面レベル
Ls…切替レベル
Claims (5)
- 一対の舷側を有する船体と、
前記船体に設けられ、液化二酸化炭素を貯留可能なタンクと、
船外から供給される液化二酸化炭素を前記タンク内に積み込む積込配管と、を備え、
前記積込配管は、
船外との連結部を有する輸送配管と、
前記輸送配管から分岐して延び、前記タンク内の上部に開口する上部積込配管と、
前記輸送配管から分岐して延び、前記タンク内の下部に開口する下部積込配管と、
前記上部積込配管に設けられた第一開閉弁と、
前記下部積込配管に設けられた第二開閉弁と、
を備える船舶。 - 前記タンク内に液化二酸化炭素を積み込むときに、前記タンク内の前記液化二酸化炭素の液面レベルに基づいて、前記第一開閉弁及び前記第二開閉弁の開閉動作を制御する制御部をさらに備える
請求項1に記載の船舶。 - 前記タンク内に貯留される前記液化二酸化炭素の液面レベルを検出する液面検出部をさらに備え、
前記制御部は、
前記第一開閉弁を開いて前記上部積込配管を通して前記タンク内に前記液化二酸化炭素を積み込み、前記液面検出部で検出される前記液化二酸化炭素の液面レベルが、前記下部積込配管の開口よりも高く設定された切替レベルLsに到達した場合に、前記第二開閉弁を開いて前記下部積込配管を通して前記タンク内に前記液化二酸化炭素を積み込む
請求項2に記載の船舶。 - 前記積込配管内の前記液化二酸化炭素の圧力を検出する圧力検出部をさらに備え、
前記制御部は、
前記第二開閉弁を開いている状態で、前記圧力検出部で検出される前記液化二酸化炭素の圧力が予め定めた基準圧力以下となった場合、前記第一開閉弁を開く
請求項2又は3に記載の船舶。 - 請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の船舶における液化二酸化炭素の積込方法であって、
前記第一開閉弁を開いて前記上部積込配管を通して前記タンク内に前記液化二酸化炭素を積み込む工程と、
前記タンク内の前記液化二酸化炭素の液面レベルが、前記下部積込配管の開口よりも高く設定された切替レベルLsに到達した後、前記第一開閉弁を閉じるとともに前記第二開閉弁を開き、前記下部積込配管を通して前記タンク内に前記液化二酸化炭素を積み込む工程と、を備える
船舶における液化二酸化炭素の積込方法。
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Publication number | Publication date |
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FI4056459T3 (fi) | 2024-04-24 |
KR20220093214A (ko) | 2022-07-05 |
CN114761317B (zh) | 2024-04-09 |
DK4056459T3 (da) | 2024-03-04 |
AU2020404622B9 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
EP4056459B1 (en) | 2024-02-21 |
AU2020404622B2 (en) | 2024-04-11 |
EP4056459A1 (en) | 2022-09-14 |
AU2020404622A1 (en) | 2022-06-23 |
EP4056459A4 (en) | 2022-12-28 |
CN114761317A (zh) | 2022-07-15 |
JP2021095051A (ja) | 2021-06-24 |
JP7350647B2 (ja) | 2023-09-26 |
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