WO2022083017A1 - 一种 1- 氯 -2 , 3 , 3- 三氟丙烯的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种 1- 氯 -2 , 3 , 3- 三氟丙烯的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022083017A1
WO2022083017A1 PCT/CN2021/072972 CN2021072972W WO2022083017A1 WO 2022083017 A1 WO2022083017 A1 WO 2022083017A1 CN 2021072972 W CN2021072972 W CN 2021072972W WO 2022083017 A1 WO2022083017 A1 WO 2022083017A1
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chloro
trifluoropropene
preparation
catalyst
hydrogen fluoride
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郑法瑞
郑亚威
菅盘铭
郑子涵
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淄博雷玛国际贸易有限公司
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Priority to US17/799,927 priority Critical patent/US20230081584A1/en
Publication of WO2022083017A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022083017A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C17/00Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C17/093Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
    • C07C17/20Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
    • C07C17/202Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms two or more compounds being involved in the reaction
    • C07C17/206Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms two or more compounds being involved in the reaction the other compound being HX
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C17/00Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C17/25Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by splitting-off hydrogen halides from halogenated hydrocarbons

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  • a preparation method of 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene belongs to the technical field of preparation of 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene.
  • HCFO-1233yd 1-Chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene
  • the raw material 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol in the above-mentioned patent is obtained from the compound produced by alcoholization of tetrafluoroethylene, so it is determined that the compound must be produced in the production plant of tetrafluoroethylene.
  • the difficulty of obtaining this compound has limited the industrial mass production of 1233yd.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a preparation method of 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene with low cost, simple preparation and high purity.
  • the reaction formula is: .
  • the reaction formula is: .
  • 1,1,2,3,3-pentachloropropane is only 10,000 to 20,000 yuan per ton, the cost is greatly reduced compared to the 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropanol used in the prior art, and the fluorination process is simple, the product selectivity is high, and the raw material conversion rate is high. .
  • step 1) adopts gas-phase catalytic reaction.
  • reaction temperature 200 °C ⁇ 350 °C
  • space velocity 60h -1 ⁇ 570h -1
  • reaction conditions can make 1,1,2,3,3-pentachloropropane obtain higher conversion rate and product selectivity.
  • the reaction temperature was 275° C.
  • the space velocity was 240 h ⁇ 1
  • the chromium-containing solid catalyst described in step 1) is an F-Cr 2 O 3 -supported activated carbon or a zirconium oxychloride catalyst.
  • activated carbon or zirconium oxychloride as a carrier and supporting F-Cr 2 O 3 has the best catalytic effect on the reaction described in step 1), effectively improving the conversion of 1,1,2,3,3-pentachloropropane Rate.
  • the catalyst main catalyst described in step 2) is a chromium-based catalyst treated with hydrogen fluoride
  • the auxiliary catalyst is a mixture of one or several elements of Zn, Co, Ni, and Cu in any proportion.
  • step 2) reaction temperature: 250 ⁇ 400°C, space velocity 50 ⁇ 550h -1 , molar ratio of feeding: hydrogen fluoride: 1,2-dichloro-3,3-difluoropropene 1 ⁇ 8:1.
  • the reaction temperature is 350° C.
  • the space velocity is 220 h ⁇ 1
  • reaction conditions are most suitable for the fluorination of 1,2-dichloro-3,3-difluoropropene to 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene to achieve the best raw material conversion rate and product selectivity.
  • Step 2 The obtained product 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene, that is, the main substance to be prepared in the present invention, although it always exists in two forms of cis and trans, but the two forms of 1-chloro-
  • the boiling point difference of 2,3,3-trifluoropropene is large, and trans-1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene [HCFO-1233yd(E)] and cis-1- can be obtained by further rectification.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: using 1,1,2,3,3-pentachloropropane as a raw material, after 2 steps of fluorination, 1-chloro-2,3,3 is successfully obtained -Trifluoropropene, 1,1,2,3,3-pentachloropropane is only 10,000 to 20,000 yuan per ton, the cost is greatly reduced compared to the prior art, and the fluorination process is simple, the product selectivity is high, and the raw materials are converted high rate.
  • step 1) the conversion rate of 1,1,2,3,3-pentachloropropane can reach about 100%, and the selectivity of the product 1,2-dichloro-3,3-difluoropropene can reach 91.2%, step 2 ), the conversion rate of 1,2-dichloro-3,3-difluoropropene can reach 69%, and the selectivity of the product 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene can reach 78%.
  • 1,1,2,3,3-pentachloropropane is liquid at room temperature, which is easy to transport and store, and there is no danger of inflammability and explosion, which greatly reduces the potential safety hazard in production.
  • Figure 1 shows the effect of step 1) different reaction temperatures on the content of HCC-240da and HCFO-1232aa in the reaction product.
  • Figure 2 shows the effect of step 2) different temperatures and different cocatalysts on the conversion of HCFO-1232aa.
  • Figure 3 shows the effect of step 2) different temperatures and different cocatalysts on the selectivity of HCFO-1233yd.
  • Embodiment 4 is the best embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.
  • the 1,1,2,3,3-pentachloropropane (CHCl2-CHCl-CHCl2) and hydrogen fluoride used in the following examples are produced by Ningxia Purui Chemical Co., Ltd., and the catalysts are all produced by Shandong Feiyuan Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • reaction formula is: , wherein E and Z are the coexistence forms of HCFO-1232aa in cis-trans.
  • the 1,2-dichloro-3,3-difluoropropene catalyst adopts hydrogen fluoride treated zirconium oxychloride loaded with Cr as the main catalyst, and supported Co and Zn as the auxiliary catalyst.
  • the speed is 220h -1
  • the molar ratio of feeding: hydrogen fluoride: 1,2-dichloro-3,3-difluoropropene 4:1
  • 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene is generated by gas-phase reaction fluorination.
  • reaction formula is: , where E and Z represent the coexistence of 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene in cis and trans forms.
  • reaction temperature for obtaining the maximum HCFO-1232aa content under the same other conditions is 275°C.
  • Examples 2 ⁇ 7 and Comparative Example 1 A preparation method of 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene, on the basis of Example 1, step 1)
  • the reaction temperature is set to 270 ° C, by changing step 1 ), the mass content, conversion rate, and selectivity of reaction products at different space speeds were tested, and the relationship between the space speed and the reaction effect in Examples 2 to 7 and Comparative Example 1 Step 1) is shown in Table 1.
  • step 1) is the best The airspeed is 240h -1 .
  • Examples 8 ⁇ 12 and Comparative Example 2 A preparation method of 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene, on the basis of Example 1, step 1)
  • the reaction temperature is set to 275 ° C, and the temperature of HCC-240da is
  • the input amount is 0.015ml/min, and O 2 is introduced in the process, and the amount of O 2 is controlled to fluctuate between 1 ⁇ 4% of the molar amount of HCC-240da.
  • the purpose of introducing oxygen is to consume the reaction process. coke, in order to minimize the effect of carbon deposition on catalyst deactivation, adjust the feed amount of HF through the HF flow meter to test the degree of reaction under different feed ratios.
  • Step 1) The test results of hydrogen fluoride input speed, feed ratio, and conversion rate and selectivity after the reaction are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 13 A method for preparing 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene, on the basis of Example 1, the reaction temperature in step 1) is set to 275°C.
  • Step 2 The reaction temperature is set to 250 ⁇ 400°C, the catalyst is Cr as the main catalyst supported on zirconium oxychloride, and one or more of Zn, Co, Ni, and Cu are used as the auxiliary catalyst, and different temperatures and different elements are tested.
  • the reaction effect of the cocatalyst is set to 250 ⁇ 400°C, the catalyst is Cr as the main catalyst supported on zirconium oxychloride, and one or more of Zn, Co, Ni, and Cu are used as the auxiliary catalyst, and different temperatures and different elements are tested. The reaction effect of the cocatalyst.
  • step 2) has the best reaction effect between 300 and 350 °C, and when the catalyst is Cr-Co-Zn complex, it has the best catalytic effect. Therefore, it is recommended to use Cr as the simple substance.
  • Cr As the main catalyst, Co and Zn were selected as co-catalysts to achieve the best catalytic efficiency.
  • the conversion rate of HCFO-1232aa was greater than 37.3% and the selectivity of HCFO1233yd was greater than 64.2% under the action of catalyst Cr-Co-Zn at the reaction temperature of 350 ⁇ C.
  • Examples 14 to 19 and Comparative Example 3 A preparation method of 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene, on the basis of Example 13, step 2) supporting Cr on the zirconium oxychloride treated with hydrogen fluoride Elemental catalyst is used as the main catalyst, and Co element and Zn element are supported as auxiliary catalysts.
  • the reaction temperature is 350 °C, and the space velocity is changed to test the reaction effect of step 2) at different space velocities.
  • Step 2 The space velocity of each embodiment and the comparative example and the product component content, conversion rate and selectivity after the reaction is completed are shown in Table 3.
  • Step 2 Each embodiment and comparative example HF feed rate, feed molar ratio and the conversion rate and selectivity after the reaction are completed are shown in Table 4, wherein HF:HCFO-1232aa is HF and 1,2-dichloro-3,3- Feed molar ratio of difluoropropene.
  • step 2) when the HF feed rate is too low, the reaction of HCFO-1232aa is insufficient, and the conversion rate is low.
  • the speed is 31.53ml/min, that is, when the molar ratio of feeding materials is 4:1
  • the conversion rate of HCFO-1232aa is 65.16%
  • the selectivity of HCFO-1233yd is 70.58%, taking into account the reaction raw materials and products, and has the best reaction effect.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,属于1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯制备技术领域。1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233yd)作为构成热传递用介质新的环保化合物,以其GWP和ODP值低优越性能,在工业清洁防爆领域受到重视,但是其制备成本过高限制了它的大面积应用,本发明公开一种利用1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷在含铬固体催化剂下氟化为 1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯;然后在铬基催化剂为主催化剂的催化下与氟化氢气相氟化为1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,大大降低了1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制造成本,并且制备过程简单,产物选择性高,原料转化率高。

Description

一种1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法 技术领域
一种1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,属于1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯制备技术领域。
背景技术
1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1233yd)作为构成热传递用介质新的环保化合物,以其GWP和ODP值低优越性能,已经受到重视。然而,在工业清洗领域,除HCFO-1233yd的GWP、ODP值低的优越性能外,其过高的制造成本却直接限制了清洗剂市场的接受。
已经公布了的制造HCFO-1233yd的专利申请CN 109970508 A和CN 107250088 B 描述了以2,2,3,3-四氟丙醇为原料氯化而生成3-氯-1,1,2,2-四氟丙烷(244ca),再将244ca脱氟化氢而制得HCFO-1233yd。其原料2,2,3,3-四氟丙醇是工业化生产中价格极其昂贵的化合物(约九万元每吨),以致大幅加大了HCFO-1233yd的制造成本,清洗剂、发泡剂市场很难接受。
同时上述专利中的原料2,2,3,3-四氟丙醇的获得,是从四氟乙烯醇化制造的化合物,所以决定了该化合物必须是在四氟乙烯的生产厂生产,加大了获取该化合物的难度,使得1233yd的工业化批量生产受到限制。
技术问题
如何获得低价原料及容易获得该原料制造HCFO-1233yd,以使HCFO-1233yd批量制造和大幅降低成本价格,是市场的期待。
技术解决方案
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:克服现有技术的不足,提供一种成本低廉,制备简单,纯度高的1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:一种1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:1)1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷(CHCl 2-CHCl-CHCl 2)在含铬固体催化剂催化下与氟化氢反应,氟化为 1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯(CHCl=CCl-CHF 2)。
反应式为:
Figure 879569dest_path_image001
2)将1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯在催化剂的作用下与氟化氢气相氟化为1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯(CHCl=CF-CHF 2)。
反应式为:
Figure 872933dest_path_image002
以1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷为原料,经过2步氟化,成功得到 1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯, 1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷每吨仅1~2万元,成本相比较于现有技术采用的2,2,3,3-四氟丙醇大大降低,并且氟化工艺简单,产物选择性高,原料转化率高。
优选的,步骤1)采用气相催化反应。
 优选的,当采用气相催化反应时,反应温度:200℃~350℃,空速:60h -1~570h -1,投料摩尔比:氟化氢:1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷= 5~25:1。
以上所述的反应条件可以使1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷获得较高的转化率和产物选择性。
所述的反应温度为275℃,空速为240 h -1,投料摩尔比为氟化氢:1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷=15:1。在此反应条件下能够获得最佳的产物选择性与原料转化率。
优选的,步骤1)所述的含铬固体催化剂为负载F-Cr 2O 3的活性炭或氧氯化锆催化剂。以活性炭或氧氯化锆等做载体,负载F-Cr 2O 3对步骤1)所述的反应具有最佳的催化效果,有效提高1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷的转化率。
优选的,步骤2)所述的催化剂主催化剂为氟化氢处理的铬基催化剂,辅催化剂为Zn、Co、Ni、Cu中的一种或几种单质任意比例的混合物。
优选的,步骤2)反应温度:250~400℃,空速50~550h -1,投料摩尔比:氟化氢:1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯=1~8:1。
优选的,反应温度为350℃,空速为220h -1,投料摩尔比:氟化氢:1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯=4:1。
以上反应条件最适合于1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯氟化为1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯,达到最佳的原料转化率与产物选择性。
优选的,步骤1)所得产物1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯中,反式和顺式两种形式同时存在。
优选的,步骤2)所得产物1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯中,反式和顺式两种形式同时存在。
步骤2)所得产物1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯,即本发明所要制得的主要物质,虽然总是以顺、反两种形式存在,但两种形式的1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯沸点差距较大,可以进一步通过精馏分别获得反式-1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯[HCFO-1233yd(E)]和顺式-1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯[HCFO-1233yd(Z)]两种产物。
有益效果
与现有技术相比,本发明所具有的有益效果是:以1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷为原料,经过2步氟化,成功得到 1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯, 1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷每吨仅1~2万元,成本相比较于现有技术大大降低,并且氟化工艺简单,产物选择性高,原料转化率高。步骤1)中,1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷的转化率能达到约100%,产物1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯选择性能达到91.2%,步骤2)中1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯转化率能达到69%,产物1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯选择性能达到78%。同时1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷常温下为液态,易于运输与储存,且不存在易燃易爆危险,大大降低生产中的安全隐患。
附图说明
图1为步骤1)不同反应温度对反应产物中HCC-240da和HCFO-1232aa含量的影响曲线。
图2为步骤2)不同温度与不同辅催化剂对HCFO-1232aa转化率的影响。
图3为步骤2)不同温度与不同辅催化剂对HCFO-1233yd选择性的影响。
本发明的最佳实施方式
实施例4是本发明的最佳实施例,下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
以下实施例所用1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷(CHCl2-CHCl-CHCl2)与氟化氢为宁夏普瑞化工有限公司生产,催化剂均为山东飞源化工有限公司生产。
本发明的实施方式
实施例 一种1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,包括以下步骤:1)采用气相催化法,催化剂采用F-Cr 2O 3催化剂,投料比选用 HF:HCC-240da = 15:1,空速240h -1,1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷(CHCl 2-CHCl-CHCl 2)(HCC-240da)与氟化氢气体反应生成1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯(HCFO-1232aa)。
反应式为:
Figure 689579dest_path_image003
,其中E、Z为表示HCFO-1232aa为顺反式共同存在的形式。
2)1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯催化剂采用氟化氢处理的氧氯化锆上负载Cr单质为主催化剂,负载Co单质、Zn单质为辅催化剂,反应温度为350℃,空速为220h -1,投料摩尔比:氟化氢:1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯=4:1,气相反应氟化生成1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯。
反应式为:
Figure 426591dest_path_image004
,其中E、Z为表示1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯为顺反式共同存在的形式。
 其中,步骤1)反应完毕后反应温度与HCC-240da、HCFO-1232aa含量对应关系见图1,其中,HCC-240da与HCFO-1232aa的含量为所得体系中的百分比。
根据图1,可知在其他条件相同情况下获得最大HCFO-1232aa含量的反应温度为275℃。
实施例 2~7 与对比例 1   一种1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,在实施例1的基础上,步骤1)反应温度设为270℃,通过改变步骤1)的空速,对不同的空速反应产物物质量含量及转化率、选择性进行测试,实施例2~7及对比例1步骤1)空速与反应影响关系见表1。
表1 步骤1)空速对反应影响。
Figure 949976dest_path_image005
根据表1,空速过低时不仅生产效率低,产物选择性也并不能有所增加;空速过高则转化率与产物选择性均会下降,因此,根据表1可知步骤1)最佳空速为240h -1
实施例 8~12 与对比例 一种1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,在实施例1的基础上,步骤1)反应温度设为275℃,HCC-240da的投入量为0.015ml/min,并在过程中通入O 2,O 2的量控制在HCC-240da的摩尔量1~4%之间浮动,通入氧气的目的是为了消耗反应过程中产生的焦炭,以尽量减少积碳对催化剂失活的影响,通过HF流量计调节HF的进料量,以对不同的投料比下反应程度进行测试。
步骤1)氟化氢投入速度、投料比以及反应完毕后转化率与选择性测试结果见表2。
表2 步骤1)投料比对反应的影响。
Figure 445067dest_path_image006
根据表2,当HF投料过多时,原料转化率与产物选择性没有出现上升,反而有一定程度下降,同时还将浪费大量的HF,因此确定最佳的投料摩尔比为氟化氢:1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷=15:1。
实施例 13   一种1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,在实施例1的基础上,步骤1)反应温度设为275℃。
步骤2)反应温度设置为250~400℃,催化剂为在氧氯化锆上负载Cr为主催化剂,Zn、Co、Ni、Cu中 的一种或几种做辅催化剂,测试不同温度及不同元素辅催化剂的反应效果。
不同温度与不同辅催化剂的反应效果见图2、图3,其中,图2所示HCFO-1232aa的转化率为反应完毕后取样检测原料中的HCFO-1232aa剩余量占投料总量。图3所示HCFO-1233yd的选择性为反应完毕后,1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯占产物总量。
根据图2、图3所示,步骤2)在300~350℃之间具有最佳的反应效果,且当催化剂为Cr-Co-Zn单质配合时具有最佳的催化效果,因此推荐在Cr单质做主催化剂下,选用Co、Zn做辅催化剂以实现最佳催化效率。并且,反应温度在350˚C,催化剂Cr-Co-Zn作用下,HCFO-1232aa的转化率大于37.3%,HCFO1233yd的选择性大于64.2%。
实施例 14~19 与对比例 3   一种1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,在实施例13的基础上,步骤2)以氟化氢处理的氧氯化锆上负载Cr单质为主催化剂,负载Co单质、Zn单质为辅催化剂,反应温度为350℃,改变空速,测试步骤2)不同空速下的反应效果。
步骤2)各实施例与对比例空速与反应结束后的产物成分含量与转化率、选择性见表3。
表3 步骤2)空速对反应影响。
Figure 749009dest_path_image007
根据表3,空速过低时不仅会导致生产效率低下,同时产物HCFO-1233yd的选择性较低,极易进一步反应生成下一种杂质,而过高时,参考对比例3,HCFO-1232aa不能很好的参与反应,转化率低下。因此根据表3可以得到空速220h -1时,能够同时兼顾反应原料转化率与产物选择性,获得最佳的反应效果。
实施例 20~24 与对比例 4   一种1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,在实施例16的基础上,确定HCFO-1232aa的进料量为0.033ml/min,通过HF流量计调节HF的进料量以测试步骤2)投料摩尔比对反应效果的影响。
步骤2)各实施例与对比例HF进料速度、投料摩尔比与反应结束后转化率、选择性见表4,其中HF:HCFO-1232aa为HF与1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯的投料摩尔比。
表4 步骤2)HF进料速度对反应结果影响。
Figure 24133dest_path_image008
根据表4,步骤2)当HF进料速度过低则HCFO-1232aa反应不充分,转化率低,过高则1233yd易进一步反应生成其他物质,选择性降低,因此根据表4,当HF进料速度为31.53ml/min,即投料摩尔比为4:1时,HCFO-1232aa的转化率为65.16%,HCFO-1233yd的选择性为70.58%,兼顾反应原料与产物,具备最佳的反应效果。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
    1)1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷在含铬固体催化剂催化下与氟化氢反应,氟化为 1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯;
    2)将1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯在催化剂的作用下与氟化氢气相氟化为1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)所述的1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷采用气相参与催化反应。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)采用气相催化反应,反应温度:200~350℃,空速:60h -1~570h -1,投料摩尔比:氟化氢:1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷为5~25:1。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的反应温度为275℃,空速为240 h -1,投料摩尔比氟化氢:1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷为15:1。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)所述的含铬固体催化剂为负载F-Cr 2O 3的活性炭或氧氯化锆催化剂。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)所述的催化剂主催化剂为氟化氢处理的铬基催化剂,辅催化剂为Zn、Co、Ni、Cu中的一种或几种单质任意比例的混合物。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)反应温度:250~400℃,空速:50~550h -1,投料摩尔比:氟化氢:1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯=1~8:1。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的1-氯-2,3,3-三氟丙烯的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)反应温度为350℃,空速为220h -1,投料摩尔比:氟化氢:1,2-二氯-3,3-二氟丙烯为4:1。
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