WO2022063107A1 - 一种作为oled掺杂材料的含硼有机化合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种作为oled掺杂材料的含硼有机化合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022063107A1 WO2022063107A1 PCT/CN2021/119545 CN2021119545W WO2022063107A1 WO 2022063107 A1 WO2022063107 A1 WO 2022063107A1 CN 2021119545 W CN2021119545 W CN 2021119545W WO 2022063107 A1 WO2022063107 A1 WO 2022063107A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- substituted
- tritiated
- deuterated
- biphenyl
- phenyl
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
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- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/12—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising dopants
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of semiconductors, in particular to a boron-containing organic compound and its application as an OLED doping material.
- luminescent materials In addition to being efficient and stable, luminescent materials also require a narrower half-peak width to improve the color purity of the device's luminescence. Fluorescent doped materials can achieve high fluorescence quantum and narrow half-peak width through molecular engineering. Blue fluorescent doped materials have achieved a staged breakthrough, and the half-peak width of boron-based materials can be reduced to less than 30nm; and the human eye is more sensitive. In the green light region, the research mainly focuses on phosphorescent doped materials, but its luminescence peak shape is difficult to narrow by simple methods. Therefore, in order to meet higher color rendering standards, it is of great significance to study high-efficiency green fluorescent doped materials with narrow half-peak widths .
- TADF-sensitized fluorescence technology combines TADF materials with fluorescent doping materials, and uses TADF materials as exciton sensitization media to convert triplet excitons formed by electrical excitation into singlet excitons.
- the exciton long-range energy transfer transfers energy to the fluorescent doping material, and can also achieve 100% internal quantum efficiency of the device.
- This technology can make up for the shortcoming of the insufficient exciton utilization rate of the fluorescent doping material, and effectively exert the high fluorescence quantum efficiency of the fluorescent doping material.
- the yield, high device stability, high color purity and low price have broad prospects in the application of OLEDs.
- Boron-based compounds with resonance structures are easier to achieve narrow half-width luminescence, and these materials can be used in TADF-sensitized fluorescence technology to achieve high-efficiency, narrow half-width emission device preparation.
- a light-emitting layer combination technology with a TADF material whose energy level difference between the lowest singlet state and the lowest triplet state is less than or equal to 0.2 eV is disclosed as the main body, and boron-containing materials are doped;
- CN 110492005 A and CN 110492009 A discloses a combination scheme of a light-emitting layer with an exciplex as the main body and a boron-containing material as the doping layer; both can achieve an efficiency comparable to phosphorescence and a relatively narrow half-peak width. Therefore, the development of TADF-sensitized fluorescence technology based on narrow half-peak width boron-based luminescent materials has unique advantages and strong potential for BT
- the applicant of the present invention provides a boron-containing organic compound as an OLED doping material and its application.
- the compound of the present invention has narrow half-peak width, high fluorescence quantum yield, high glass transition temperature and molecular thermal stability, as well as suitable HOMO and LUMO energy levels, and can be used as the light-emitting layer of organic electroluminescence devices Doping materials to improve the luminous color purity and lifetime of the device.
- a boron-containing organic compound as an OLED doping material the structure of the boron-containing organic compound is shown in the general formula (I):
- Each occurrence of Z is represented identically or differently as N, CH or CR 1 ;
- X 1 -X 4 are each independently represented as O, S or NR;
- R, R 1 are respectively independently represented as deuterium, tritium, halogen, cyano, arylamino, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted amino, substituted or unsubstituted C 6 - C 30 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C 4 -C 30 heteroaryl containing one or more heteroatoms; R can also form a ring with the adjacent Z;
- Substituents for substitution are optionally selected from deuterium, tritium, halogen, adamantane, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, deuterium or tritium or fluorine substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, aryl with 6-30 ring atoms , any one of heteroaryl groups with 5 to 30 ring atoms, or any of C 1 -C 18 electron withdrawing groups containing at least one heteroatom in O, N, S, B, P, and F one or more;
- heteroatoms in the heteroaryl group are optionally selected from one or more of oxygen, sulfur, boron, or nitrogen.
- the structure of the boron-containing organic compound is shown in the general formula (II-1) to the general formula (II-3):
- R 1 and R in the boron-containing organic compound are independently represented by deuterium, tritium, halogen, cyano, adamantyl, methyl, deuterated methyl, tritiated methyl, ethyl, deuterium ethyl, tritiated ethyl, isopropyl, deuterated isopropyl, tritiated isopropyl, tert-butyl, deuterated tert-butyl, tritiated tert-butyl, deuterated cyclopentyl, tritiated ring pentyl, cyclopentyl, phenyl, deuterated phenyl, tritiated phenyl, bisphenyl, deuterated bisphenyl, tritiated bisphenyl, deuterated terphenyl, tritiated terphenyl , terphenyl, diphenylamine, naphthyl, anthyl, anth
- Substituents substituted for the above-mentioned substitutable groups are optionally selected from cyano, fluorine, trifluoromethyl, adamantyl, methyl, deuterated methyl, tritiated methyl, ethyl, deuterated ethyl, tritiated Ethyl, isopropyl, deuterated isopropyl, tritiated isopropyl, tert-butyl, deuterated tert-butyl, tritiated tert-butyl, deuterated cyclopentyl, tritiated cyclopentyl, cyclopentyl , methoxy, tert-butoxy, diphenylamino, methyl-substituted diphenylamino, phenyl, deuterated phenyl, tritiated phenyl, biphenyl, deuterated biphenyl, tritiated diphenyl Biphenyl, naphth
- the specific structure of the boron-containing organic compound is any one of the following structures:
- An organic light-emitting device comprises a cathode, an anode and a functional layer, the functional layer is located between the cathode and the anode, and the functional layer of the organic light-emitting device contains the boron-containing organic compound.
- the functional layer includes a light-emitting layer, and the doping material of the light-emitting layer is the boron-containing organic compound.
- the light-emitting layer comprises a first host material, a second host material and a dopant material, at least one of the first host material and the second host material is a TADF material, and the dopant material is the Boron-containing organic compounds.
- the compound of the present invention is applied to an OLED device, can be used as a doping material for a light-emitting layer material, can emit fluorescence under the action of an electric field, and can be applied to the field of OLED lighting or OLED display;
- the compound of the present invention has high fluorescence quantum efficiency as a dopant material, and the fluorescence quantum efficiency of the material is close to 100%;
- the compound of the present invention is used as a doping material, and a TADF sensitizer is introduced as the second host, which can effectively improve the device efficiency;
- the compound of the present invention has a narrow spectrum FWHM, which can effectively improve the color gamut of the device and improve the luminous efficiency of the device;
- the vapor deposition and decomposition temperature of the compounds of the present invention is relatively high, which can inhibit the vapor deposition and decomposition of materials and effectively improve the life of the device.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the materials listed in the present invention applied to an OLED device
- 1 is a transparent substrate layer
- 2 is an anode layer
- 3 is a hole injection layer
- 4 is a hole transport layer
- 5 is an electron blocking layer
- 6 is a light-emitting layer
- 7 is a hole blocking layer
- 8 is an electron transport layer
- 9 is an electron injection layer
- 10 is a cathode layer.
- the raw materials involved in the synthesis examples of the present invention were purchased from China Energy Conservation Wanrun Co., Ltd.
- Examples 3-5 The preparation methods of Examples 3-5 are similar to those of Example 2, except that the raw materials and intermediates used are different.
- the following table lists the structural formulas of the raw materials, intermediates and products, and the test results are also listed in Table 1 below.
- Examples 7 and 8 are similar to those of Example 6, except that the raw materials and intermediates used are different.
- the following table lists the structural formulas of the raw materials, intermediates and products, and the test results are also listed in Table 2 below.
- reaction was completed; naturally cooled to room temperature, filtered, the filtrate was rotary-evaporated until no fraction was obtained, and passed through a neutral silica gel column to obtain intermediate II-10.
- Elemental Analysis Structure (C 38 H 20 B 2 N 2 S 2 ) Theoretical: C, 77.32; H, 3.42; N, 4.75; S, 10.86; found: C, 77.30; H, 3.43; N, 4.77; S , 10.85.
- LC-MS Theoretical value is 590.13, and the found value is 590.24.
- Examples 11-14 are similar to those of Example 10, except that the raw materials and intermediates used are different.
- the following table lists the structural formulas of the raw materials, intermediates and products, and the test results are also listed in Table 3 below.
- Example 18 The preparation method of Example 18 is similar to that of Example 17, except that the raw materials and intermediates used are different.
- the following table lists the structural formulas of the raw materials, intermediates and products, and the test results are also listed in Table 4 below.
- the compounds of the present invention are used in light-emitting devices and can be used as doping materials for light-emitting layers.
- the physicochemical properties of the compounds prepared in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are tested, and the test results are shown in Table 6:
- the glass transition temperature Tg is measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC, DSC204F1 differential scanning calorimeter of NETZSCH, Germany), and the heating rate is 10°C/min;
- the thermal weight loss temperature Td is the temperature at which the weight loses 1% in a nitrogen atmosphere , measured on the TGA-50H thermogravimetric analyzer of Shimadzu Corporation in Japan, the nitrogen flow rate is 20mL/min;
- the highest occupied molecular orbital HOMO energy level is tested by the ionization energy test system (IPS-3), and the test is a nitrogen environment;
- PLQY and FWHM were measured by Horiba's Fluorolog-3 series fluorescence spectrometer in thin film state.
- the compound of the present invention has higher glass transition temperature and decomposition temperature. Used as a dopant material for the light-emitting layer, it can inhibit the crystallization of the material and the phase separation of the film; at the same time, it can also inhibit the decomposition of the material under high brightness, and improve the working life of the device.
- the compound of the present application has a shallow HOMO energy level, and is doped into the host material as a dopant material, which is beneficial to suppress the generation of carrier traps, improve the energy transfer efficiency of the host and the guest, and thus improve the luminous efficiency of the device.
- the compound of the present invention has high fluorescence quantum efficiency as a dopant material, and the fluorescence quantum efficiency of the material is close to 100%; at the same time, the spectral FWHM of the material is narrow, which can effectively improve the color gamut of the device and improve the luminous efficiency of the device;
- the vapor deposition decomposition temperature is high, which can inhibit the vapor deposition and decomposition of materials and effectively improve the life of the device.
- the application effects of the OLED materials synthesized by the present invention in devices will be described in detail below through Device Examples 1-20 and Device Comparative Example 1.
- the device examples 2-20 of the present invention and the device comparative example 1 have the same manufacturing process as the device example 1, and the same substrate materials and electrode materials are used, and the film thickness of the electrode materials is also the same.
- the key is to replace the light-emitting layer material in the device.
- the layer structure and test results of each device embodiment are shown in Table 7-1 and Table 8 respectively
- the transparent substrate layer 1 is a transparent PI film
- the ITO anode layer 2 (film thickness of 150 nm) is washed, that is, washing with a cleaning agent (Semiclean M-L20), washing with pure water, drying, and then washing UV-Ozone scrubbing to remove organic residues from transparent ITO surfaces.
- a cleaning agent Siclean M-L20
- HT-1 and HI-1 with a film thickness of 10 nm were vapor-deposited using a vacuum evaporation device as the hole injection layer 3, and the mass ratio of HT-1 and HI-1 was 97:3.
- HT-1 was evaporated to a thickness of 60 nm as the hole transport layer 4 .
- EB-1 was evaporated to a thickness of 30 nm as the electron blocking layer 5 .
- the light-emitting layer 6 of the OLED light-emitting device is fabricated.
- CBP is used as the host material
- compound 1 is used as the doping material
- the mass ratio of CBP and compound 1 is 97:3
- the film thickness of the light-emitting layer is 30 nm.
- vacuum evaporation of HB-1 is continued, and the film thickness is 5 nm, and this layer is the hole blocking layer 7 .
- vacuum evaporation of ET-1 and Liq was continued.
- the mass ratio of ET-1 and Liq was 1:1, and the film thickness was 30 nm.
- This layer was the electron transport layer 8 .
- a LiF layer with a thickness of 1 nm was formed by a vacuum evaporation apparatus, and this layer was the electron injection layer 9 .
- a Mg:Ag electrode layer with a film thickness of 80 nm was fabricated by a vacuum evaporation device, and the mass ratio of Mg and Ag was 1:9, and this layer was used for the cathode layer 10 .
- the application effects of the OLED materials synthesized by the present invention in devices will be described in detail below through Device Examples 21-40 and Device Comparative Example 2.
- the device examples 22-40 of the present invention and the device comparative example 2 have the same manufacturing process as the device example 21, and the same substrate material and electrode material are used, and the film thickness of the electrode material is also kept the same.
- the key is to replace the light-emitting layer material in the device.
- the layer structures and test results of each device embodiment are shown in Table 7-2 and Table 8, respectively.
- the transparent substrate layer 1 is a transparent PI film, and the ITO anode layer 2 (film thickness is 150nm) is washed, that is, washing with a cleaning agent (Semiclean M-L20), pure water washing, drying, and then ultraviolet-ozone washing to remove Organic residues on transparent ITO surfaces.
- a cleaning agent Siclean M-L20
- pure water washing pure water washing
- drying and then ultraviolet-ozone washing to remove Organic residues on transparent ITO surfaces.
- HT-1 and HI-1 with a film thickness of 10 nm were vapor-deposited using a vacuum evaporation device as the hole injection layer 3, and the mass ratio of HT-1 and HI-1 was 97:3.
- HT-1 was evaporated to a thickness of 60 nm as the hole transport layer 4 .
- EB-1 was evaporated to a thickness of 30 nm as the electron blocking layer 5 .
- the light-emitting layer 6 of the OLED light-emitting device is fabricated.
- the mass ratio of compound 1 was 67:30:3, and the film thickness of the light-emitting layer was 30 nm.
- vacuum evaporation of HB-1 is continued, and the film thickness is 5 nm, and this layer is the hole blocking layer 7 .
- vacuum evaporation of ET-1 and Liq was continued.
- the mass ratio of ET-1 and Liq was 1:1, and the film thickness was 30 nm.
- This layer was the electron transport layer 8 .
- a LiF layer with a thickness of 1 nm was formed by a vacuum evaporation apparatus, and this layer was the electron injection layer 9 .
- a Mg:Ag electrode layer with a film thickness of 80 nm was fabricated by a vacuum evaporation device, and the mass ratio of Mg and Ag was 1:9, and this layer was used for the cathode layer 10 .
- the molecular structures of the related materials are as follows:
- the anode and the cathode were connected by a known driving circuit, and the current efficiency, external quantum efficiency and lifetime of the device were measured. Examples and comparisons of devices prepared by the same method are shown in Table 7-1 and Table 7-2; the test results of the current efficiency, external quantum efficiency and lifetime of the obtained devices are shown in Table 8.
- IVL current-voltage-brightness test system (Suzhou Fushida Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.) is used for voltage, current efficiency and luminous peak; life test system is EAS-62C type OLED device life tester of Japan System Technology Research Co., Ltd.; LT95 Refers to the time it takes for the device to decay to 95% brightness; all data tested at 10 mA/cm 2 .
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种作为OLED掺杂材料的含硼有机化合物及其应用,属于半导体技术领域,本发明提供化合物的结构如通式(I)所示;本发明的化合物具有窄半峰宽、高荧光量子产率,具有高的玻璃化转变温度和分子热稳定性,以及具有合适的HOMO和LUMO能级,作为OLED发光器件的发光层材料中的掺杂材料使用时,器件的电流效率和外量子效率得到显著提升,同时发光色纯度和器件寿命也得到了较大的改善,本发明含硼有机化合物作为发光层掺杂材料使器件具有良好的光电性能。
Description
本发明涉及半导体技术领域,尤其涉及一种含硼有机化合物及其作为OLED掺杂材料的应用。
传统荧光掺杂材料受限于早期的技术,只能利用电激发形成的25%单线态激子发光,器件的内量子效率较低(最高为25%),外量子效率普遍低于5%,与磷光器件的效率还有很大差距。磷光材料由于重原子中心强的自旋-轨道耦合增强了系间窜越,可以有效利用电激发形成的单线态激子和三线态激子发光,使器件的内量子效率达100%。但多数磷光材料价格昂贵,材料稳定性较差,色纯度较差,器件效率滚落严重等问题限制了其在OLED的应用。
随着5G时代的到来,对显色标准提出了更高的要求,发光材料除了高效、稳定,也需要更窄的半峰宽以提升器件发光色纯度。荧光掺杂材料可通过分子工程,实现高荧光量子、窄半峰宽,蓝色荧光掺杂材料已获得阶段性突破,硼类材料半峰宽可降低至30nm以下;而人眼更为敏感的绿光区域,研究主要集中在磷光掺杂材料,但其发光峰形难以通过简单方法缩窄,因此为满足更高的显色标准,研究窄半峰宽的高效绿色荧光掺杂材料具有重要意义。
另外,TADF敏化荧光技术(TSF)将TADF材料与荧光掺杂材料相结合,利用TADF材料作为激子敏化媒介,将电激发形成的三线态激子转变为单线态激子,通过单线态激子长程能量传递将能量传递给荧光掺杂材料,同样可以达到100%的器件内量子效率,该技术能弥补荧光掺杂材料激子利用率不足的缺点,有效发挥荧光掺杂材料高荧光量子产率、高器件稳定性、高色纯度及价廉的特点,在OLEDs应用上具有广阔前景。
具有共振结构的硼类化合物更容易实现窄半峰宽发光,该类材料应用于TADF敏化荧光技术中,可以实现高效率、窄半峰宽发射的器件制备。如CN 107507921 B和CN 110492006 A中,公开了以最低单线态和最低三线态能级差小于等于0.2eV的TADF材料为主体,含硼类材料为掺杂的发光层组合技术;CN 110492005 A和CN 110492009 A中公开以激基复合物为主体,含硼类材料为掺杂的发光层组合方案;均能实现与磷光媲美的效率、相对较窄的半峰宽。因此,开发基于窄半峰宽硼类发光材料的TADF敏化荧光技术,在面向BT.2020显示指标上,具有独特的优势及强劲的潜力。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述问题,本发明申请人提供了一种作为OLED掺杂材料的含硼有机化合物及其应用。本发明的化合物具有窄半峰宽、高荧光量子产率,具有高的玻璃化转变温度和分子热稳定性,以及具有合适的HOMO和LUMO能级,可用作有机电致发光器件的发光层掺杂材料,从而提升器件的发光色纯度和寿命。
一种作为OLED掺杂材料的含硼有机化合物,所述含硼有机化合物的结构如通式(I)所示:
其中,a、b、c、d分别独立地表示为0或1,且a+b+c+d=2;
Z每次出现相同或不同地表示为N、C-H或C-R
1;
X
1-X
4分别独立地表示为O、S或N-R;
R、R
1分别独立地表示为氘、氚、卤素、氰基、芳胺基、取代或未取代的C
1-C
10烷基、取代或未取代的氨基、取代或未取代的C
6-C
30芳基、含有一个或多个杂原子的取代或未取代的C
4-C
30杂芳基;R还可以与相邻的Z成环;
用于取代的取代基任选自氘、氚、卤素、金刚烷、C
1~C
10烷基、氘或氚或氟取代的C
1~C
10烷基、环原子数为6~30芳基、环原子数为5~30杂芳基中的任意一种,或含有O、N、S、B、P、F中至少一种杂原子的C
1-C
18的吸电子基团中的任意一种或多种;
所述杂芳基中的杂原子任选自氧、硫、硼或氮中的一种或多种。
优选方案,所述含硼有机化合物结构如通式(II-1)~通式(II-3)所示:
其中,Z、X
1-X
4的定义同通式(I)中的限定。
优选方案,所述含硼有机化合物结构如通式(III-1)~通式(III-21)所示:
其中,Z、R的定义同通式(I)中的限定。
优选方案,所述含硼有机化合物中的R
1、R分别独立地表示为氘、氚、卤素、氰基、金刚烷基、甲基、氘代甲基、氚代甲基、乙基、氘代乙基、氚代乙基、异丙基、氘代异丙基、氚代异丙基、叔丁基、氘代叔丁基、氚代叔丁基、氘代环戊基、氚代环戊基、环戊基、苯基、氘代苯基、氚代苯基、二联苯基、氘代二联苯基、氚代二联苯基、氘代三联苯基、氚代三联苯基、三联苯基、二苯基胺基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、吡啶基、喹啉基、呋喃基、噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔唑基、N-苯基咔唑基、9,9-二甲基芴基、甲基取代的苯基、乙基取代的苯基、异丙基取代的苯基、叔丁基取代的苯基、甲基取代的二联苯基、乙基取代的二联苯基、异丙基取代的二联苯基、叔丁基取代的二联苯基、氘代甲基取代的苯基、氘代乙基取代的苯基、氘代异丙基取代的苯基、氘代叔丁基取代的苯基、氘代甲基取代的二联苯基、氘代乙基取代的二联苯基、氘代异丙基取代的二联苯基、氘代叔丁基取代的二联苯基、氚代甲基取代的苯基、氚代乙基取代的苯基、氚代异丙基取代的苯基、氚代叔丁基取代的苯基、氚代甲基取代的二联苯基、氚代乙基取代的二联苯基、氚代异丙基取代的二联苯基或者氚代叔丁基取代的二联苯基;
取代上述可取代基团的取代基任选自氰基、氟原子、三氟甲基、金刚烷基、甲基、氘代甲基、氚代甲基、乙基、氘代乙基、氚代乙基、异丙基、氘代异丙基、氚代异丙基、叔丁基、氘代叔丁基、氚代叔丁基、 氘代环戊基、氚代环戊基、环戊基、甲氧基、叔丁氧基、二苯氨基、甲基取代的二苯氨基、苯基、氘代苯基、氚代苯基、二联苯基、氘代二联苯基、氚代二联苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、吡啶基、喹啉基、呋喃基、噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔唑基、N-苯基咔唑基、氟原子取代的吡啶基、氧杂蒽酮基、氰基取代的苯基、氰基取代的吡啶基、三氟甲基取代的芳基、三氟甲基取代的吡啶基、氮原子取代的三联苯基、C
6~C
30芳基取代的羰基、氮杂二甲基芴基、氮杂二苯基芴基、二甲基蒽酮基、二苯甲酮基、氮杂二苯甲酮基、9-芴酮基、蒽醌基、二苯砜基、二苯砜基衍生物、二苯硼烷基中的一种。
进一步优选,所述含硼有机化合物的具体结构为以下结构中的任一种:
一种有机发光器件,包含阴极、阳极和功能层,所述功能层位于阴极和阳极之间,所述有机发光器件的功能层中包含所述的含硼有机化合物。
优选方案,所述功能层包含发光层,所述发光层的掺杂材料为所述的含硼有机化合物。
优选方案,所述发光层包含第一主体材料、第二主体材料和掺杂材料,所述第一主体材料、第二主体材料中至少有一个为TADF材料,所述掺杂材料为所述的含硼有机化合物。
与现有技术相比,本发明有益的技术效果在于:
本发明化合物应用于OLED器件,可以作为发光层材料的掺杂材料,在电场作用下可以发荧光,可以应用于OLED照明或者OLED显示领域;
本发明化合物作为掺杂材料具有较高的荧光量子效率,材料的荧光量子效率接近100%;
本发明化合物作为掺杂材料,引入TADF敏化剂作为第二主体,能够有效提升器件效率;
本发明化合物的光谱FWHM较窄,能够有效提升器件色域,提升器件的发光效率;
本发明化合物的蒸镀分解温度较高,能够抑制材料的蒸镀分解,有效提高器件寿命。
图1为本发明所列举的材料应用于OLED器件的结构示意图;
其中,1为透明基板层,2为阳极层,3为空穴注入层,4为空穴传输层,5为电子阻挡层,6为发光层,7为空穴阻挡,8为电子传输层,9为电子注入层,10为阴极层。
本发明合成实施例中涉及到的原料均采购于中节能万润有限公司。
实施例1:化合物1的制备
(1)通氮气保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol原料I-1,0.025mol原料I-2,150ml甲苯搅拌混合,然后加入5×10
-5mol Pd
2(dba)
3,5×10
-5mol P(t-Bu)
3,0.03mol叔丁醇钠,加热至105℃,回流反应24小时,取样点板,显示无原料I-1剩余,反应完全;自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液旋蒸至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱,得到中间体II-1。
(2)向三口烧瓶中加入0.01mol中间体II-1、0.025mol原料I-3、0.015molNaH,然后加入80ml二甲基亚砜将其溶解,加热至140℃,搅拌回流5小时,利用TLC观察反应,直至反应完全,溶液分层。自然冷却至室温,分液,过滤后干燥,得到中间体II-2。
(3)氮气气氛下,将0.006mol三碘化硼和0.001mol中间体II-2溶解在10ml 1,2,4-三氯苯中。在180℃条件下搅拌20小时后,用二氯甲烷(50ml)稀释反应混合物,并在0℃下加入100mLpH=6的磷酸钠缓冲溶液,分离水层并用二氯甲烷(100ml,三次)萃取。粗产物经硅胶柱层析(洗脱液:己烷/CH
2Cl
2=5/1)纯化,用乙腈、GPC洗涤(洗脱液:1,2-二氯甲烷),得到目标化合物1。
元素分析结构(C
38H
20B
2N
2O
2)理论值:C,81.76;H,3.61;N,5.02;测试值:C,81.79;H,3.60;N,5.03。LC-MS:理论值为558.17,实测值为558.34。
实施例2:化合物5的制备
(1)通氮气保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol原料I-1,0.025mol原料I-4,150ml甲苯搅拌混合,然后加入5×10
-5mol Pd
2(dba)
3,5×10
-5mol P(t-Bu)
3,0.03mol叔丁醇钠,加热至105℃,回流反应24小时,取样点板,显示无原料I-1剩余,反应完全;自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液旋蒸至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱,得到中间体II-3。
(2)氮气气氛下,将0.006mol三碘化硼和0.001mol中间体II-3溶解在10ml 1,2,4-三氯苯中。在180℃条件下搅拌20小时后,用二氯甲烷(50ml)稀释反应混合物,并在0℃下加入100mL pH=6的磷酸钠缓冲溶液,分离水层并用二氯甲烷(100ml,三次)萃取。粗产物经硅胶柱层析(洗脱液:己烷/CH
2Cl
2=5/1)纯化,用乙腈、GPC洗涤(洗脱液:1,2-二氯甲烷),得到目标化合物5。
元素分析结构(C
50H
30B
2N
4)理论值:C,84.77;H,4.27;N,7.91;测试值:C,84.74;H,4.28;N,7.93。LC-MS:理论值为708.27,实测值为708.22。
实施例3-5的制备方法与实施例2相似,区别在于所用原料和中间体不同,下表列出了原料、中间体及产物的结构式,测试结果也同时在下表1列出。
表1
实施例6:化合物16的制备
(1)通氮气保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol原料I-1,0.025mol原料I-2,150ml甲苯搅拌混合,然后加入5×10
-5mol Pd
2(dba)
3,5×10
-5mol P(t-Bu)
3,0.03mol叔丁醇钠,加热至105℃,回流反应24小时,取样点板,显示无原料I-1剩余,反应完全;自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液旋蒸至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱,得到中间体II-1。
(2)通氮气保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol中间体II-1,0.025mol原料I-8,150ml甲苯搅拌混合,然后加入5×10
-5mol Pd
2(dba)
3,5×10
-5mol P(t-Bu)
3,0.03mol叔丁醇钠,加热至105℃,回流反应24小时,取样点板,显示无中间体II-1剩余,反应完全;自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液旋蒸至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱,得到中间体II-7。
(3)氮气气氛下,将0.006mol三碘化硼和0.001mol中间体II-7溶解在10ml 1,2,4-三氯苯中。在180℃条件下搅拌20小时后,用二氯甲烷(50ml)稀释反应混合物,并在0℃下加入100mL pH=6的磷酸钠缓冲溶液,分离水层并用二氯甲烷(100ml,三次)萃取。粗产物经硅胶柱层析(洗脱液:己烷/CH
2Cl
2=5/1)纯化,用乙腈、GPC洗涤(洗脱液:1,2-二氯甲烷),得到目标化合物16。
元素分析结构(C
56H
38B
2N
4)理论值:C,85.30;H,4.86;N,7.11;测试值:C,85.32;H,4.85;N,7.13。LC-MS:理论值为788.33,实测值为788.28。
实施例7、8的制备方法与实施例6相似,区别在于所用原料和中间体不同,下表列出了原料、中间体及产物的结构式,测试结果也同时在下表2列出。
表2
实施例9:化合物44的制备
(1)三口瓶中,通氮气保护下,加入0.01mol原料I-11、0.025mol原料I-12、0.025mol HOCH
2SO
2Na,滴入1ml KOH(0.06mol)的DMSO溶液,加热至80℃,搅拌回流24小时,取样点板,显示无溴代物剩余,
反应完全;自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液旋蒸至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱,得到中间体II-10。
(2)氮气气氛下,将0.006mol三碘化硼和0.001mol中间体II-10溶解在10ml 1,2,4-三氯苯中。在180℃条件下搅拌20小时后,用二氯甲烷(50ml)稀释反应混合物,并在0℃下加入100mL pH=6的磷酸钠缓冲溶液,分离水层并用二氯甲烷(100ml,三次)萃取。粗产物经硅胶柱层析(洗脱液:己烷/CH
2Cl
2=5/1)纯化,用乙腈、GPC洗涤(洗脱液:1,2-二氯甲烷),得到目标化合物44。
元素分析结构(C
38H
20B
2N
2S
2)理论值:C,77.32;H,3.42;N,4.75;S,10.86;测试值:C,77.30;H,3.43;N,4.77;S,10.85。LC-MS:理论值为590.13,实测值为590.24。
实施例10:化合物46的制备
(1)氮气的保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol原料I-11,0.025mol原料I-13,150mL的甲苯,搅拌均匀后加入0.03mol的叔丁醇钠,5×10
-5mol的Pd(OAc)
2,加热至110℃反应24h,取样点板,显示无溴代物剩余,反应完全,自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液进行减压旋蒸(-0.09MPa,85℃)至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱(流动相为二氯甲烷:石油醚=1:2体积比),得到中间体II-11。
(2)氮气气氛下,将0.006mol三碘化硼和0.001mol中间体II-11溶解在10ml 1,2,4-三氯苯中。在180℃条件下搅拌20小时后,用二氯甲烷(50ml)稀释反应混合物,并在0℃下加入100mLpH=6的磷酸钠缓冲溶液,分离水层并用二氯甲烷(100ml,三次)萃取。粗产物经硅胶柱层析(洗脱液:己烷/CH
2Cl
2=5/1) 纯化,用乙腈、GPC洗涤(洗脱液:1,2-二氯甲烷),得到目标化合物46。
元素分析结构(C
50H
30B
2N
4)理论值:C,84.77;H,4.27;N,7.91;测试值:C,84.74;H,4.31;N,7.88。LC-MS:理论值为708.27,实测值为708.23。
实施例11-14的制备方法与实施例10相似,区别在于所用原料和中间体不同,下表列出了原料、中间体及产物的结构式,测试结果也同时在下表3列出。
表3
实施例15:化合物108的制备
(1)通氮气保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol原料I-11,0.011mol原料I-8,150ml甲苯搅拌混合,然后加入5×10
-5mol Pd
2(dba)
3,5×10
-5mol P(t-Bu)
3,0.03mol叔丁醇钠,加热至105℃,回流反应24小时,取样点板,显示无溴代物剩余,反应完全;自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液旋蒸至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱,得到中间体II-18。
(2)氮气的保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol中间体II-18,0.011mol原料I-19,150mL的甲苯,搅拌均匀后加入0.03mol的叔丁醇钠,5×10
-5mol的Pd(OAc)
2,加热至110℃反应24h,取样点板,显示无中间体II-18,反应完全,自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液进行减压旋蒸(-0.09MPa,85℃)至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱(流动相为二氯甲烷:石油醚=1:2体积比),得到中间体II-19。
(3)氮气气氛下,将0.006mol三碘化硼和0.001mol中间体II-19溶解在10ml 1,2,4-三氯苯中。在180℃条件下搅拌20小时后,用二氯甲烷(50ml)稀释反应混合物,并在0℃下加入100mL pH=6的磷酸钠缓冲溶液,分离水层并用二氯甲烷(100ml,三次)萃取。粗产物经硅胶柱层析(洗脱液:己烷/CH2Cl2=5/1)纯化,用乙腈、GPC洗涤(洗脱液:1,2-二氯甲烷),得到目标化合物108。
元素分析结构(C
53H
34B
2N
4)理论值:C,85.05;H,4.58;N,7.49;测试值:C,85.03;H,4.59;N,7.45。LC-MS:理论值为748.30,实测值为748.22。
实施例16:化合物71的制备
(1)向三口烧瓶中加入0.01mol中间体II-18、0.011mol原料I-3、0.015mol NaH,然后加入80ml二甲基亚砜将其溶解,加热至140℃,搅拌回流5小时,利用TLC观察反应,直至反应完全,溶液分层。自然冷却至室温,分液,过滤后干燥,得到中间体II-20。
(2)氮气气氛下,将0.004mol三碘化硼和0.001mol中间体II-20溶解在10ml 1,2,4-三氯苯中。在180℃条件下搅拌20小时后,用二氯甲烷(50ml)稀释反应混合物,并在0℃下加入100mLpH=6的磷酸钠缓冲溶液,分离水层并用二氯甲烷(100ml,三次)萃取。粗产物经硅胶柱层析(洗脱液:己烷/CH
2Cl
2=5/1)纯化,用乙腈、GPC洗涤(洗脱液:1,2-二氯甲烷),得到目标化合物71。
元素分析结构(C
47H
29B
2N
3O)理论值:C,83.83;H,4.34;N,6.24;测试值:C,83.85;H,4.35;N,6.22。LC-MS:理论值为673.25,实测值为673.30。
实施例17:化合物77的制备
(1)通氮气保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol原料I-20,0.011mol原料I-2,150ml甲苯搅拌混合,然后加入5×10
-5mol Pd
2(dba)
3,5×10
-5mol P(t-Bu)
3,0.015mol叔丁醇钠,加热至105℃,回流反应24小时,取样点板,显示无溴代物剩余,反应完全;自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液旋蒸至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱,得到中间体II-21。
(2)向三口烧瓶中加入0.01mol中间体II-21、0.011mol N-溴代丁二酰亚胺,然后加入100ml二甲基甲酰胺将其溶解,加热至60℃,搅拌回流12小时,利用TLC观察反应,直至反应完全。自然冷却至室温,加入100ml 1mol/LNaOH溶液搅拌,过滤后干燥,得到中间体II-22。
(2)通氮气保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol中间体II-22,0.025mol原料I-14,150ml甲苯搅拌混合,然后加入5×10
-5mol Pd
2(dba)
3,5×10
-5mol P(t-Bu)
3,0.03mol叔丁醇钠,加热至105℃,回流反应24小时,取样点板,显示无溴代物剩余,反应完全;自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液旋蒸至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱,得到中间体II-23。
(3)氮气气氛下,将0.006mol三碘化硼和0.001mol中间体II-23溶解在10ml 1,2,4-三氯苯中。在180℃条件下搅拌20小时后,用二氯甲烷(50ml)稀释反应混合物,并在0℃下加入100mL pH=6的磷酸钠缓冲溶液,分离水层并用二氯甲烷(100ml,三次)萃取。粗产物经硅胶柱层析(洗脱液:己烷/CH
2Cl
2=5/1)纯化,用乙腈、GPC洗涤(洗脱液:1,2-二氯甲烷),得到目标化合物77。
元素分析结构(C
50H
26B
2N
4)理论值:C,85.26;H,3.72;N,7.95;测试值:C,85.24;H,3.73;N,7.96。LC-MS:理论值为704.23,实测值为704.16。
实施例18的制备方法与实施例17相似,区别在于所用原料和中间体不同,下表列出了原料、中间体及产物的结构式,测试结果也同时在下表4列出。
表4
实施例19:化合物212的制备
(1)通氮气保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol原料I-1,0.025mol原料I-22,150ml甲苯搅拌混合,然后加入5×10
-5mol Pd
2(dba)
3,5×10
-5mol P(t-Bu)
3,0.03mol叔丁醇钠,加热至105℃,回流反应24小时,取样点板,显示无原料I-1剩余,反应完全;自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液旋蒸至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱,得到中间体II-25。
(2)向三口烧瓶中加入0.01mol中间体II-25、0.011mol N-溴代丁二酰亚胺,然后加入100ml二甲基甲酰胺将其溶解,加热至60℃,搅拌回流12小时,利用TLC观察反应,直至反应完全。自然冷却至室温,加入100ml 1mol/LNaOH溶液搅拌,过滤后干燥,得到中间体II-26。
(3)氮气的保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol中间体II-26,0.011mol原料I-23,150mL的甲苯,搅拌均匀后加入0.03mol的叔丁醇钠,5×10
-5mol的Pd(OAc)
2,加热至110℃反应24h,取样点板,显示无中间体II-26,反应完全,自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液进行减压旋蒸(-0.09MPa,85℃)至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱(流动相为二氯甲烷:石油醚=1:2体积比),得到中间体II-27。
(4)氮气气氛下,将0.006mol三碘化硼和0.001mol中间体II-27溶解在10ml 1,2,4-三氯苯中。在180℃条件下搅拌20小时后,用二氯甲烷(50ml)稀释反应混合物,并在0℃下加入100mL pH=6的磷酸钠缓冲溶液,分离水层并用二氯甲烷(100ml,三次)萃取。粗产物经硅胶柱层析(洗脱液:己烷/CH
2Cl
2=5/1)纯化,用乙腈、GPC洗涤(洗脱液:1,2-二氯甲烷),得到目标化合物212。
元素分析结构(C
86H
54B
2N
4)理论值:C,88.66;H,4.67;N,4.81;测试值:C,88.64;H,4.68;N,4.83。LC-MS:理论值为1164.45,实测值为1164.37。
实施例20:化合物215的制备
(1)通氮气保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.022mol原料I-24,96ml 1,4-二氧六环和水的混合溶液(90ml:6ml)将其溶解,然后加入0.037mol原料I-25,0.045ml碳酸钾,0.002mol Pd(PPh
3)
4,加热至90℃,反应6小时。加水使反应停止,用乙酸乙酯萃取,用100ml盐水冲洗有机层,硫酸钠干燥,最后减压蒸馏,过中性硅胶柱(乙二胺四乙酸/正己烷=1:4体积比),得到中间体II-28。
(2)向烧瓶中添加0.04mol BF
3.OEt
2并将烧瓶降温至-30℃,搅拌的情况下,逐滴添加溶解于30ml THF中的0.001mol中间体II-28,将90%叔丁基亚硝酸盐(0.040mol)溶解于THF(25mL)中并逐滴添加到反应混合物中。将粗反应加热至-5℃一段时间,然后添加50mL乙醚,使混合物在此温度下搅拌10分钟,直至产生沉淀,过滤,洗涤。将洗涤后的粗品加入到另一烧瓶中,加入0.014mol碘化钾、0.007mol碘和40ml乙腈,室温搅拌15分钟,添加100ml饱和硫代硫酸钠水溶液和150ml DCM,继续搅拌5分钟,分离各层,使用无水硫酸镁干燥有机溶剂,并移除溶剂至干燥,得到中间体中间体II-29。
(3)氮气气氛下,向烧瓶中加入0.04mol中间体II-29、0.001mol Pd(OAc)
2、0.002mol CuI和0.003mol三苯基膦,加入三乙胺和四氢呋喃(1:1,130mL)的溶液混合物将其溶解。通乙炔气20分钟后,在室温下搅拌反应混合物1.5小时。用二氯甲烷萃取反应混合物,用无水硫酸钠干燥,得到中间体II-30。
(4)将0.020mol中间体II-30溶解到90mL 1,2-二氯乙烷中,并缓慢与100ml高锰酸钾(0.111mol)水溶液混合,然后,向反应混合物中添加4mLADOGEN464和40mL乙酸,将反应混合物在80℃下搅拌6h。用亚硫酸氢钠淬灭反应混合物,用二氯甲烷萃取,用无水硫酸钠干燥。在真空下除去溶剂,并通过柱色谱法(己烷:CH
2Cl
2;99:1)纯化,得到中间体II-31。
(5)将0.002mol中间体II-31和0.020mol SnCl
2·2H
2O溶于50mL乙酸与1M盐酸的混合溶液(50ml:10ml)中,在80℃下搅拌5h。用乙酸乙酯萃取反应混合物,用无水硫酸钠干燥,真空下去除有机溶剂。分别用水、1M盐酸和乙醇清洗。然后,过中性硅胶柱,得到中间体II-32。
(6)通氮气保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol中间体II-32,0.025mol原料I-27,150ml甲苯搅拌混合,然后加入5×10
-5mol Pd
2(dba)
3,5×10
-5mol P(t-Bu)
3,0.03mol叔丁醇钠,加热至105℃,回流反应24小时,取样点板,显示无中间体II-32剩余,反应完全;自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液旋蒸至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱,得到中间体II-33。
(7)氮气的保护下,向三口瓶中加入0.01mol中间体II-33,0.011mol原料I-13,150mL的甲苯,搅拌均匀后加入0.03mol的叔丁醇钠,5×10
-5mol的Pd(OAc)
2,加热至110℃反应24h,取样点板,显示无中间体II-33,反应完全,自然冷却至室温,过滤,滤液进行减压旋蒸(-0.09MPa,85℃)至无馏分,过中性硅胶柱(流动相为二氯甲烷:石油醚=1:2体积比),得到中间体II-34。
(8)氮气气氛下,将0.006mol三碘化硼和0.001mol中间体II-34溶解在10ml 1,2,4-三氯苯中。在 180℃条件下搅拌20小时后,用二氯甲烷(50ml)稀释反应混合物,并在0℃下加入100mLpH=6的磷酸钠缓冲溶液,分离水层并用二氯甲烷(100ml,三次)萃取。粗产物经硅胶柱层析(洗脱液:己烷/CH
2Cl
2=5/1)纯化,用乙腈、GPC洗涤(洗脱液:1,2-二氯甲烷),得到目标化合物215。
元素分析结构(C
62H
38B
2N
4)理论值:C,86.53;H,4.45;N,6.51;测试值:C,86.57;H,4.43;N,6.53。LC-MS:理论值为860.33,实测值为860.29。
为了对实施例制备的化合物进行结构分析,利用LC-MS测量分子量,且通过在氘代氯仿溶剂中溶解制备的化合物并利用400MHz的NMR设备测量
1H-NMR,结果如表5所示。
上文所制备化合物的核磁共振氢谱数据如表5所示;
表5
本发明化合物在发光器件中使用,可以作为发光层掺杂材料使用。对本发明上述实施例制备的化合物进行物化性质的测试,检测结果如表6所示:
表6
注:玻璃化转变温度Tg由示差扫描量热法(DSC,德国耐驰公司DSC204F1示差扫描量热仪)测定,升温速率10℃/min;热失重温度Td是在氮气气氛中失重1%的温度,在日本岛津公司的TGA-50H热重分析仪上进行测定,氮气流量为20mL/min;最高占据分子轨道HOMO能级是由电离能量测试系统(IPS-3)测试,测试为氮气环境;Eg通过双光束紫外可见分光光度计(型号:TU-1901)进行测试,LUMO=HOMO+Eg;PLQY和FWHM在薄膜状态下由Horiba的Fluorolog-3系列荧光光谱仪测试。
由上表数据可知,和常规的绿光掺杂材料ref-1相比,本发明化合物具有较高的玻璃化转变温度和分解温度。作为发光层掺杂材料使用,能够抑制材料的结晶和膜相分离;同时也能抑制材料在高亮度下的分解,提升器件工作寿命。另外,本申请化合物具有较浅的HOMO能级,作为掺杂材料掺杂于主体材料中,有利于抑制载流子陷阱的产生,提高主客体能量传递效率,从而提升器件发光效率。
本发明化合物作为掺杂材料具有较高的荧光量子效率,材料的荧光量子效率接近100%;同时,材料的光谱FWHM较窄,能够有效提升器件色域,提升器件的发光效率;最后,材料的蒸镀分解温度较高,能够抑制材料的蒸镀分解,有效提高器件寿命。
以下通过器件实施例1-20和器件比较例1详细说明本发明合成的OLED材料在器件中的应用效果。本发明器件实施例2-20以及器件比较例1与器件实施例1相比器件的制作工艺完全相同,并且所采用了相同的基板材料和电极材料,电极材料的膜厚也保持一致,所不同的是对器件中的发光层材料做了更换。各器件实施例的层结构和测试结果分别如表7-1和表8所示
器件实施例1
如图1所示,透明基板层1为透明PI膜,对ITO阳极层2(膜厚为150nm)进行洗涤,即依次进行清洗剂(Semiclean M-L20)洗涤、纯水洗涤、干燥,再进行紫外线-臭氧洗涤以清除透明ITO表面的有机残留物。在进行了上述洗涤之后的ITO阳极层2上,利用真空蒸镀装置,蒸镀膜厚为10nm的HT-1和HI-1 作为空穴注入层3,HT-1和HI-1的质量比为97:3。接着蒸镀60nm厚度的HT-1作为空穴传输层4。随后蒸镀30nm厚度的EB-1作为电子阻挡层5。上述电子阻挡材料蒸镀结束后,制作OLED发光器件的发光层6,使用CBP作为主体材料,化合物1作为掺杂材料,CBP和化合物1质量比为97:3,发光层膜厚为30nm。在上述发光层6之后,继续真空蒸镀HB-1,膜厚为5nm,此层为空穴阻挡层7。在上述空穴阻挡层7之后,继续真空蒸镀ET-1和Liq,ET-1和Liq质量比为1:1,膜厚为30nm,此层为电子传输层8。在电子传输层8上,通过真空蒸镀装置,制作膜厚为1nm的LiF层,此层为电子注入层9。在电子注入层9上,通过真空蒸镀装置,制作膜厚为80nm的Mg:Ag电极层,Mg、Ag质量比为1:9,此层为阴极层10使用。
以下通过器件实施例21-40和器件比较例2详细说明本发明合成的OLED材料在器件中的应用效果。本发明器件实施例22-40以及器件比较例2与器件实施例21相比器件的制作工艺完全相同,并且所采用了相同的基板材料和电极材料,电极材料的膜厚也保持一致,所不同的是对器件中的发光层材料做了更换。各器件实施例的层结构和测试结果分别如表7-2和表8所示。
器件实施例21
透明基板层1为透明PI膜,对ITO阳极层2(膜厚为150nm)进行洗涤,即依次进行清洗剂(Semiclean M-L20)洗涤、纯水洗涤、干燥,再进行紫外线-臭氧洗涤以清除透明ITO表面的有机残留物。在进行了上述洗涤之后的ITO阳极层2上,利用真空蒸镀装置,蒸镀膜厚为10nm的HT-1和HI-1作为空穴注入层3,HT-1和HI-1的质量比为97:3。接着蒸镀60nm厚度的HT-1作为空穴传输层4。随后蒸镀30nm厚度的EB-1作为电子阻挡层5。上述电子阻挡材料蒸镀结束后,制作OLED发光器件的发光层6,其结构包括OLED发光层6所使用CBP和DMAC-BP作为双主体材料,化合物1作为掺杂材料,CBP、DMAC-BP和化合物1质量比为67:30:3,发光层膜厚为30nm。在上述发光层6之后,继续真空蒸镀HB-1,膜厚为5nm,此层为空穴阻挡层7。在上述空穴阻挡层7之后,继续真空蒸镀ET-1和Liq,ET-1和Liq质量比为1:1,膜厚为30nm,此层为电子传输层8。在电子传输层8上,通过真空蒸镀装置,制作膜厚为1nm的LiF层,此层为电子注入层9。在电子注入层9上,通过真空蒸镀装置,制作膜厚为80nm的Mg:Ag电极层,Mg、Ag质量比为1:9,此层为阴极层10使用。
相关材料的分子结构式如下所示:
如上所述地完成OLED发光器件后,用公知的驱动电路将阳极和阴极连接起来,测量器件的电流效率、 外量子效率和器件的寿命。用同样的方法制备的器件实施例和比较例如表7-1和表7-2所示;所得器件的电流效率、外量子效率和寿命的测试结果如表8所示。
表7-1
表7-2
表8
注:电压、电流效率、发光峰使用IVL(电流-电压-亮度)测试系统(苏州弗士达科学仪器有限公司);寿命测试系统为日本系统技研公司EAS-62C型OLED器件寿命测试仪;LT95指的是器件亮度衰减到95%所用时间;所有数据均在10mA/cm
2下测试。
由表8的器件数据结果可以看出,与器件比较例1、2相比,本发明的有机发光器件无论是在单主体体系还是双主体体系器件的电流效率、外量子效率还是器件寿命均相对于已知材料的OLED器件获得较大的提升;在使用TADF材料作为第二主体时,器件效率较单主体时有明显提升。
综上,以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
- 一种作为OLED掺杂材料的含硼有机化合物,其特征在于,所述含硼有机化合物的结构如通式(I)所示:其中,a、b、c、d分别独立地表示为0或1,且a+b+c+d=2;Z每次出现相同或不同地表示为N、C-H或C-R 1;X 1-X 4分别独立地表示为O、S或N-R;R每次出现相同或不同地表示为取代或未取代的C 6~C 30芳基、含有一个或多个杂原子的取代或未取代的C 2~C 30杂芳基中的任意一种;R还可以与相邻的Z成环;R 1分别独立地表示为氘、氚、卤素、氰基、取代或未取代的C 1-C 10烷基、取代或未取代的C 3~C 10环烷基、取代或未取代的芳胺基、取代或未取代的C 6-C 30芳基、含有一个或多个杂原子的取代或未取代的C 4-C 30杂芳基;取代上述可取代基团的取代基任选自氘、氚、卤素、C 1~C 10烷基、C 3~C 10环烷基、氘或氚取代的C 1~C 10烷基、取代或未取代的芳胺基、环原子数为6~30芳基、环原子数为5~30杂芳基中的任意一种,或含有O、N、S、B、P、F中至少一种杂原子的C 1-C 18的吸电子基团中的任意一种或多种;所述杂芳基中的杂原子任选自氧、硫、硼或氮中的一种或多种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的含硼有机化合物,其特征在于,取代上述可取代基团的取代基任选自氘、氚、氰基、氟原子、三氟甲基、金刚烷基、甲基、氘代甲基、氚代甲基、乙基、氘代乙基、氚代乙基、异丙基、氘代异丙基、氚代异丙基、叔丁基、氘代叔丁基、氚代叔丁基、异丁基、氘代环戊基、氚代环戊基、环戊基、甲氧基、叔丁氧基、二苯胺基、甲基取代的二苯胺基、苯基、氘代苯基、氚代苯基、二联苯基、氘代二联苯基、氚代二联苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、吡啶基、喹啉基、呋喃基、噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔唑基、N-苯基咔唑基、氟原子取代的吡啶基、氧杂蒽酮基、氰基取代的苯基、氰基取代的吡啶基、三氟甲基取代的芳基、三氟甲基取代的吡啶基、氮原子取代的三联苯基、C 6~C 30芳基取代的羰基、氮杂二甲基芴基、氮杂二苯基芴基、二甲基蒽酮基、二苯甲酮基、氮杂二苯甲酮基、9-芴酮基、蒽醌基、二苯砜基、二苯砜基衍生物、二苯硼烷基、甲基取代的呋喃基中的一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的含硼有机化合物,其特征在于,所述含硼有机化合物中的R分别独立地表示为苯基、氘代苯基、氚代苯基、氰基取代的苯基、二联苯基、氘代二联苯基、氚代二联苯基、氘代三联苯基、氚代三联苯基、三联苯基、萘基、甲基取代的萘基、蒽基、菲基、吡啶基、喹啉基、呋喃基、噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、二苯砜基、咔唑基、N-苯基咔唑基、9,9-二甲基芴基、甲基取代的苯基、乙基取代的苯基、异丙基取代的苯基、叔丁基取代的苯基、甲基取代的二联苯基、乙基取代的二联苯基、异丙基取代的二联苯基、叔丁基取代的二联苯基、氘代甲基取代的苯基、氘代乙基取代的苯基、氘代异丙基取代的苯基、氘代叔丁基取代的苯基、氘代甲基取代的二联苯基、氘代乙基取代的二联苯基、氘代异丙基取代的二联苯基、氘代叔丁基取代的二联苯基、氚代甲基取代的苯基、氚代乙基取代的苯基、氚代异丙基取代的苯基、氚代叔丁基取代的苯基、氚代甲基取代的二联苯基、氚代乙基取代的二联苯基、氚代异丙基取代的二联苯基或者氚代叔丁基取代的二联苯基;R 1分别独立地表示为氘、氚、氟原子、三氟甲基、氰基、金刚烷基、甲基、氘代甲基、氚代甲基、乙基、氘代乙基、氚代乙基、异丙基、异丁基、氘代异丙基、氚代异丙基、叔丁基、氘代叔丁基、氚代叔丁基、氘代环戊基、氚代环戊基、环戊基、甲基取代的环戊基、苯基、氘代苯基、氚代苯基、二联苯基、氘代二联苯基、氚代二联苯基、氘代三联苯基、氚代三联苯基、三联苯基、二苯胺基、甲基取代的二苯胺基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、吡啶基、喹啉基、呋喃基、噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔唑基、N-苯基咔唑基、9,9-二甲基芴基、甲基取代的苯基、乙基取代的苯基、异丙基取代的苯基、叔丁基取代的苯基、甲基取代的二联苯基、乙基取代的二联苯基、异丙基取代的二联苯基、叔丁基取代的二联苯基、氘代甲基取代的苯基、氘代乙基取代的苯基、氘代异丙基取代的苯基、氘代叔丁基取代的苯基、氘代甲基取代的二联苯基、氘代乙基取代的二联苯基、氘代异丙基取代的二联苯基、氘代叔丁基取代的二联苯基、氚代甲基取代的苯基、氚代乙基取代的苯基、氚代异丙基取代的苯基、氚代叔丁基取代的苯基、氚代甲基取代的二联苯基、氚代乙基取代的二联苯基、氚代异丙基取代的二联苯基或者氚代叔丁基取代的二联苯基、苯基取代的叔丁基、甲基取代的叔丁基、氧杂蒽酮基、苯基取代的三嗪基、苯基取代的硼烷基、甲氧基、叔丁氧基。
- 一种有机发光器件,包含阴极、阳极和功能层,所述功能层位于阴极和阳极之间,其特征在于,所述有机发光器件的功能层中包含权利要求1-6任一项所述的含硼有机化合物。
- 根据权利要求7所述的有机发光器件,所述功能层包含发光层,其特征在于,所述发光层的掺杂材料为权利要求1-6任一项所述的含硼有机化合物。
- 根据权利要求8所述的有机发光器件,所述发光层包含第一主体材料、第二主体材料和掺杂材料,其特征在于,所述第一主体材料、第二主体材料中至少有一个为TADF材料,所述掺杂材料为权利要求1-6任一项所述的含硼有机化合物。
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