WO2022027915A1 - 一种声学输出装置 - Google Patents

一种声学输出装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022027915A1
WO2022027915A1 PCT/CN2020/140815 CN2020140815W WO2022027915A1 WO 2022027915 A1 WO2022027915 A1 WO 2022027915A1 CN 2020140815 W CN2020140815 W CN 2020140815W WO 2022027915 A1 WO2022027915 A1 WO 2022027915A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
output device
sound outlet
acoustic
acoustic output
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/140815
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王力维
张磊
廖风云
齐心
Original Assignee
深圳市韶音科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市韶音科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市韶音科技有限公司
Priority to JP2022563185A priority Critical patent/JP2023522681A/ja
Priority to CN202080065942.1A priority patent/CN114424585A/zh
Priority to KR1020227038228A priority patent/KR20220164011A/ko
Priority to BR112022019699A priority patent/BR112022019699A2/pt
Priority to EP20948847.7A priority patent/EP4109925A4/en
Priority to JP2023521777A priority patent/JP2023544634A/ja
Priority to CN202111101809.XA priority patent/CN114697800A/zh
Priority to KR1020237010782A priority patent/KR20230058150A/ko
Priority to PCT/CN2021/119308 priority patent/WO2022142500A1/zh
Priority to BR112023004520A priority patent/BR112023004520A2/pt
Priority to EP21913245.3A priority patent/EP4184940A1/en
Priority to CN202180006890.5A priority patent/CN114982252A/zh
Publication of WO2022027915A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022027915A1/zh
Priority to US17/932,288 priority patent/US20230009102A1/en
Priority to US18/165,346 priority patent/US20230188897A1/en

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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1058—Manufacture or assembly
    • H04R1/1075—Mountings of transducers in earphones or headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C11/00—Non-optical adjuncts; Attachment thereof
    • G02C11/06—Hearing aids
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    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/023—Screens for loudspeakers
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    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1091—Details not provided for in groups H04R1/1008 - H04R1/1083
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    • H04R1/227—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only  using transducers reproducing the same frequency band
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    • H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2884—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of the enclosure structure, i.e. strengthening or shape of the enclosure
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    • H04R1/347—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers for obtaining a phase-shift between the front and back acoustic wave
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    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
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    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/18—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
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    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
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    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • H04S7/302—Electronic adaptation of stereophonic sound system to listener position or orientation
    • H04S7/303—Tracking of listener position or orientation
    • H04S7/304—For headphones
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    • H04R1/1008—Earpieces of the supra-aural or circum-aural type
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    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
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    • H04R1/2838—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bandpass type
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    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2838—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bandpass type
    • H04R1/2846—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material
    • H04R1/2849—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material for loudspeaker transducers
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    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H04R1/403—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers loud-speakers
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    • H04R5/0335—Earpiece support, e.g. headbands or neckrests

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of acoustics, and in particular, to an acoustic output device.
  • the open binaural acoustic output device is a portable audio output device that realizes sound conduction within a specific range. Compared with traditional in-ear and over-ear headphones, the open-ear acoustic output device has the characteristics of not blocking or covering the ear canal, allowing users to obtain sound information from the external environment while listening to music, improving safety. Sex and comfort. Due to the use of the open structure, the sound leakage of the open binaural acoustic output device is often more serious than that of the traditional earphone.
  • the common practice in the industry is to place the loudspeaker in an acoustic cavity, and the front and back of the acoustic cavity are respectively opened to generate a specific sound field with a certain directivity.
  • the back of the acoustic cavity cannot be perforated.
  • resonance and standing waves will be caused, resulting in
  • the sound output from the back of the acoustic cavity will have lower high frequency resonance peaks.
  • the frequency response range of the acoustic output device is reduced.
  • the phase of the sound output from the back of the acoustic cavity is reversed, resulting in the sound output from the back of the acoustic cavity and the output from the front of the cavity.
  • the sound superposition is enhanced, which will cause a larger far-field sound leakage.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an acoustic output device, which includes: an acoustic driver, where the acoustic driver includes a diaphragm and a magnetic circuit structure, and a side of the diaphragm facing away from the magnetic circuit structure forms a part of the acoustic driver.
  • the front side, the side of the magnetic circuit structure facing away from the diaphragm forms the back side of the acoustic driver, and the diaphragm vibrates so that the acoustic driver radiates sound from the front side and the back side thereof, respectively; and a housing structure, It is configured to carry the acoustic driver, wherein the back of the acoustic driver and the housing structure form a back cavity, and different side walls of the back cavity are connected by a curved structure; the housing structure includes at least one outlet.
  • the at least one sound outlet is acoustically coupled with the rear cavity, and the sound radiated to the rear cavity by the acoustic driver is exported to the outside of the acoustic output device, wherein the at least one sound outlet An aperture is located in at least a portion of the sidewall of the rear cavity.
  • the different side walls of the rear cavity include at least one first side wall and a second side wall; wherein the at least one first side wall is located on a peripheral side of the housing structure, and the first side wall Two side walls are disposed opposite to the back of the acoustic driver, and one end of the at least one first side wall away from the acoustic driver is connected with the end of the second side wall through the curved structure.
  • the at least one sound outlet is located on the at least one first side wall.
  • the at least one sound exit hole includes a first sound exit hole and a second sound exit hole, and the first sound exit hole and the second sound exit hole are located on the at least one first side wall and the first sound outlet and the second sound outlet are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the cross-sectional area of the second sound exit hole is not greater than the cross-sectional area of the first sound exit hole.
  • the cross-sectional area of the at least one sound exit hole is not less than 0.25 mm 2 .
  • the at least one sound outlet is provided with a sound damping structure.
  • the magnetic circuit structure includes a magnetic conductive plate disposed opposite to the diaphragm, the magnetic conductive plate includes at least one third sound outlet hole, and the at least one third sound outlet hole The sound produced by the vibration of the diaphragm is exported from the back of the acoustic driver.
  • a sound guide tube is provided at the at least one third sound outlet along a direction away from the diaphragm, and the sound guide tube radiates sound from the at least one third sound outlet out into the back cavity.
  • the at least one third sound exit hole includes a first hole portion and a second hole portion sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside, the first hole portion and the second hole portion pass through, and the The diameter of the second hole portion is larger than the diameter of the first hole portion.
  • the shape of the diaphragm is flat or approximately flat.
  • the diaphragm is fixed on the acoustic driver by a ring, and the ring is recessed in a direction away from the back cavity.
  • the front surface of the acoustic driver is further provided with a protective structure opposite to the diaphragm.
  • the protection structure is configured to separate the diaphragm from the outside, and can separate the diaphragm from the outside, and can transmit the sound emitted by the diaphragm to the outside.
  • the protective structure includes a screen structure.
  • the protective structure includes a plate structure with at least one sound exit hole.
  • the front surface of the acoustic driver and the housing structure form a front cavity
  • the housing structure includes at least one fourth sound guide hole, and the fourth sound guide hole connects the sound produced by the diaphragm. Sound is exported from the front of the acoustic driver to the outside of the acoustic output device.
  • the at least one fourth sound outlet is provided with a sound damping structure.
  • Fig. 1 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of an acoustic output device provided according to some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frequency response curve of an acoustic output device provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a frequency response curve of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a frequency response curve of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary structure of a diaphragm of an acoustic output device provided according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary wearing effect of an acoustic output device provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is an exemplary multi-view of an acoustic output device provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present application.
  • 15 is an exemplary multi-view of an acoustic output device provided in accordance with further embodiments of the present application.
  • 16 is an exemplary multi-view of an acoustic output device provided in accordance with further embodiments of the present application.
  • 17 is an exemplary multi-view of an acoustic output device provided in accordance with further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is an exemplary multi-view of an acoustic output device provided in accordance with further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is an exemplary multi-view of an acoustic output device provided in accordance with further embodiments of the present application.
  • 21 is an exemplary multi-view of an acoustic output device provided in accordance with further embodiments of the present application.
  • system means for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, parts or assemblies at different levels.
  • device means for converting signals into signals.
  • unit means for converting signals into signals.
  • module means for converting signals into signals.
  • the acoustic output device includes at least an acoustic driver and a casing structure, the front of the acoustic driver can directly radiate sound to the outside, the back of the acoustic driver and the casing structure form a rear cavity, and the side wall on the peripheral side of the rear cavity can include a first outlet
  • the sound hole, the first sound hole can be acoustically coupled with the rear cavity, and the sound on the back of the acoustic driver can be radiated to the outside from the first sound hole.
  • the shell structure of the back cavity will reflect the sound generated on the back of the acoustic driver. Resonance and standing waves are caused, resulting in a large difference between the sound output from the back of the acoustic driver and the sound output from the front of the acoustic driver, which is not conducive to interference cancellation and reduces sound leakage.
  • the reflection conditions inside the back cavity can be destroyed, the formation of standing waves can be suppressed, At the same time, the volume of the rear cavity can be further compressed through the curved surface structure, thereby broadening the frequency spectrum of the sound generated by the rear cavity.
  • FIG. 1 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of an acoustic output device provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the acoustic output device 100 may include a housing structure 110 that is hollow inside and an acoustic driver 120 disposed in the housing structure 110 .
  • the acoustic driver 120 may include a diaphragm 121 and a magnetic circuit structure 1220 .
  • the acoustic driver 120 may also include a voice coil (not shown). The voice coil can be fixed on the side of the diaphragm 121 facing the magnetic circuit structure 1220 and located in the magnetic field formed by the magnetic circuit structure 1220 .
  • the voice coil When the voice coil is energized, it can vibrate under the action of the magnetic field and drive the diaphragm 121 to vibrate, thereby generating sound.
  • the side of the diaphragm 121 facing away from the magnetic circuit structure 1220 ie, the right side of the diaphragm 121 in FIG. 1
  • the side of the magnetic circuit structure 1220 facing away from the diaphragm 121 ie, the left side of the magnetic circuit structure 1220 in FIG. 1
  • the backside of the acoustic driver 120 the side of the diaphragm 121 facing away from the magnetic circuit structure 1220
  • Vibration of the diaphragm 121 may cause the acoustic driver 120 to radiate sound outward from its front and back, respectively.
  • the back of the acoustic driver 120 and the housing structure 110 form a back cavity 111 .
  • the back of the acoustic driver 120 may radiate sound toward the rear cavity 111 .
  • the side wall of the rear cavity 111 may include a first side wall 1101 , a second side wall 1102 and a third side wall 1103 , and the positions of the second side wall 1102 and the third side wall 1103 are opposite.
  • the first side wall 1101 may refer to the side wall surrounding the axis with the line connecting the front center of the acoustic driver 120 to the back center of the acoustic driver 120 as the axis, and may also be called the peripheral side wall of the rear cavity 111 .
  • the first sidewall 1101 may be one or more.
  • the first side wall 1101 may be an annular circumferential side wall of the cylinder.
  • the first side wall 1101 may include four mutually connected peripheral side walls of the rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the second side wall 1102 may refer to the side wall on the left side of the plan view shown in FIG. 1 , which is disposed opposite to the back of the acoustic driver 120 , and may also be referred to as the bottom side wall of the rear cavity 111 .
  • the third side wall 1103 may refer to the side wall on the right side of the plan view shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the diaphragm 121 may be directly located at the third sidewall 1103 .
  • the third side wall 1103 includes a mounting hole, and the diaphragm 121 can be located in the mounting hole.
  • the diaphragm 121 may not be located at the third side wall 1103.
  • the third side wall 1103 is provided with a convex or concave extension portion
  • the extension portion has a space for supporting the diaphragm 121
  • the diaphragm 121 is connected to the extension portion.
  • the sidewalls of the rear cavity 111 may include only the first sidewall 1101 and the second sidewall 1102 .
  • the housing structure 110 may further include a first sound outlet hole 112 , and the first sound outlet hole 112 may be located on the first side wall 1101 and communicated with the rear cavity 111 .
  • the sound generated at the back of the acoustic driver 120 can be transmitted to the outside through the first sound outlet hole 112 .
  • the sound output from the first sound outlet 112 and the sound output from the diaphragm 121 can form a dual sound source that meets certain conditions (for example, opposite phases and the same amplitude).
  • the first sound output The sound output from the hole 112 can cancel the sound output from the diaphragm 121, thereby reducing the sound leakage volume of the acoustic output device in the far field and preventing other users from hearing the sound from the acoustic output device.
  • the first sound outlet 112 may also be located on the second side wall 1102 and communicate with the rear cavity 111 .
  • the sound from the back of the acoustic driver 120 passes through the rear cavity 111 , and then the sound is output from the first sound outlet 112 to the outside.
  • the reflection of sound on the back of the acoustic driver 120 can cause resonance and standing waves of the sound.
  • the frequency of the standing wave formed in the rear cavity 111 will generate a larger sound intensity, which corresponds to the resonance peak on the frequency response curve of the rear cavity 111 . According to the standing wave formula:
  • FIG. 2 shows the actual frequency response of the rear cavity 111 when the first sound outlet 112 is disposed on the first side wall. It can be seen from FIG. 2 that when the first sound outlet 112 is located on the first side wall 1101 of the housing structure 110 (“no curved surface structure” shown in FIG. 2 ), the high-frequency resonance peak is located at point A, corresponding to The frequency is about 3.7kHz, which is basically consistent with the result calculated by formula (1).
  • the embodiment of the present application can be used in different areas of the rear cavity.
  • a curved surface structure is arranged between the side walls to destroy the reflection of the sound by the internal structure of the rear cavity and suppress the formation of standing waves.
  • the curved structure can compress the volume of the back cavity and move the resonance peak of the back cavity to a higher frequency region, thereby further broadening the spectral range of the back cavity.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of an acoustic output device provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the acoustic output device 300 may include a housing structure 310 and an acoustic driver 320 connected with the housing structure 310 .
  • the housing structure 310 may be used to carry one or more acoustic drivers 320 .
  • the housing structure 310 may be an enclosed housing structure with a hollow interior, and the acoustic driver 320 may be fixedly connected to the housing structure 310 .
  • the acoustic output device 300 can be worn on the user's body (eg, the head, neck, or upper torso of the human body) through the housing structure 310, while the housing structure 310 and the acoustic driver 320 can be proximate but not obstructed
  • the ear canal keeps the user's ears open, so that the user can not only hear the sound output by the acoustic output device 300, but also obtain the sound of the external environment.
  • the acoustic output device 300 may be disposed around or partially around the circumference of the user's ear.
  • the acoustic output device 300 can be combined with glasses, headsets, head-mounted display devices, AR/VR helmets, etc., in which case the housing structure 310 can be suspended or clamped fixed in the vicinity of the user's ear.
  • the housing structure 310 may be provided with a hook, and the shape of the hook matches the shape of the auricle, so that the acoustic output device 300 can be independently worn on the user's ear through the hook.
  • the independently worn acoustic output device 300 can be connected to a signal source (eg, a computer, a mobile phone or other mobile devices) through a wired or wireless (eg, Bluetooth) manner.
  • the acoustic output devices 300 at the left and right ears can both be connected in direct communication with the signal source in a wireless manner.
  • the acoustic output device 300 at the left and right ears may include a first output device and a second output device, wherein the first output device may be communicatively connected with the signal source, and the second output device may be wirelessly connected to the first output device in a wireless manner
  • the audio playback is synchronized between the first output device and the second output device through one or more synchronization signals.
  • the manner of wireless connection may include, but is not limited to, Bluetooth, local area network, wide area network, wireless personal area network, near field communication, etc., or any combination thereof.
  • the housing structure 310 may be a housing structure having a shape adapted to a human ear, such as a torus, an oval, a polygon (regular or irregular), a U-shape, a V-shape, a semicircle, so as to The housing structure 310 can be directly attached to the user's ear.
  • the housing structure 310 may also include one or more securing structures.
  • the fixing structure may include ear hooks, head beams or elastic straps, so that the acoustic output device 300 can be better fixed on the user's body and prevent the user from falling during use.
  • the elastic band may be a headband that may be configured to be worn around the head area.
  • the elastic band may be a neckband configured to be worn around the neck/shoulder area.
  • the elastic band can be a continuous belt and can be elastically stretched to fit on the user's head, while the elastic band can also exert pressure on the user's head, making the acoustic output device 300 secure fixed to a specific location on the user's head.
  • the elastic band may be a discontinuous band.
  • the elastic band may include a rigid portion and a flexible portion, wherein the rigid portion may be made of a rigid material (eg, plastic or metal), and the rigid portion may be physically connected to the housing structure 310 of the acoustic output device 300 (eg, a card connection, screw connection, etc.)
  • the flexible portion may be made of an elastic material (eg, cloth, composite or/and neoprene).
  • the acoustic driver 320 is a component that can receive electrical signals and convert them into sound signals for output.
  • the types of acoustic drivers 320 may include low frequency (eg, below 3 kHz) acoustic drivers, mid-high frequency (eg, 3 kHz-7 kHz) acoustic drivers, or high frequency (eg, greater than 7 kHz) acoustic drivers, distinguished by frequency , or any combination thereof.
  • the low frequency, high frequency, etc. mentioned here only represent the approximate range of frequencies, and in different application scenarios, there may be different division methods. For example, a crossover point may be determined, where the low frequency represents the frequency range below the crossover point, and the high frequency represents the frequency above the crossover point.
  • the frequency division point can be any value within the audible range of the human ear, for example, 500 Hz, 600 Hz, 700 Hz, 800 Hz, 1000 Hz, and so on.
  • the acoustic driver 320 may also include, but is not limited to, a moving coil type, a moving iron type, a piezoelectric type, an electrostatic type, a magnetostrictive type, and other drivers.
  • the acoustic driver 320 may include a diaphragm 321 and a magnetic circuit structure 3220 .
  • the vibrating membrane 321 and the magnetic circuit structure 3220 are arranged in sequence along the vibration direction of the vibrating membrane 321 .
  • the diaphragm 321 can be mounted on a basin frame (not shown in the figure), and the basin frame is then fixed on the magnetic circuit structure 3220 .
  • the diaphragm 321 may be directly and fixedly connected to the sidewall of the magnetic circuit structure 3220 .
  • the side of the diaphragm 321 facing away from the magnetic circuit structure 3220 forms the front side of the acoustic driver 320
  • the side of the magnetic circuit structure 3220 facing away from the diaphragm 321 forms the back side of the acoustic driver 320 .
  • the back radiates sound outwards.
  • the back of the acoustic driver 320 and the housing structure 310 form a back cavity 311 .
  • the back of the acoustic driver 320 radiates sound towards the rear cavity 311 .
  • the housing structure 310 is provided with one or more first sound outlet holes 312 .
  • the first sound outlet 312 is acoustically coupled with the rear cavity 311 , and outputs the sound radiated to the rear cavity 311 by the acoustic driver 320 to the outside of the acoustic output device 300 .
  • the diaphragm 321 may be embedded in the sidewall of the housing structure 310 .
  • a mounting hole (not shown in the figure) may be opened on the side wall of the housing structure 310, and the end of the diaphragm 321 may be fixed at the mounting hole.
  • the sidewalls of the rear cavity 311 may include a first sidewall 3101 , a second sidewall 3102 and a third sidewall 3103 , and the positions of the second sidewall 3102 and the third sidewall 3103 Opposite.
  • the first side wall 3101 may refer to a side wall surrounding the axis with the line connecting the front center of the acoustic driver 120 to the back center of the acoustic driver 120 as an axis, and may also be referred to as the peripheral side wall of the rear cavity 311 .
  • the first sidewall 3101 may be one or more.
  • the first side wall 3101 may be an annular circumferential side wall of the cylinder.
  • the first side wall 3101 may include four mutually connected peripheral side walls of the rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the second side wall 1102 may refer to the side wall on the left side of the plan view shown in FIG. 3 , which is disposed opposite to the back of the acoustic driver 320 , and may also be referred to as the bottom side wall of the rear cavity 311 .
  • the third side wall 3103 may refer to the side wall on the right side of the plan view shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the sidewalls of the rear cavity 311 may include only the first sidewall 3101 and the second sidewall 3102 .
  • the housing structure 310 may further include a first sound outlet hole 312 , and the first sound outlet hole 312 may be located on the first side wall 3101 and communicated with the rear cavity 311 .
  • the sound generated at the back of the acoustic driver 320 can be transmitted to the outside through the first sound outlet hole 312 .
  • the sound output from the first sound outlet 312 and the sound output from the diaphragm 321 can form a dual sound source that meets certain conditions (for example, opposite phases and the same amplitude).
  • the first sound output The sound output from the hole 312 can cancel the sound output from the diaphragm 321, thereby reducing the sound leakage volume of the acoustic output device in the far field, preventing other users from hearing the sound from the acoustic output device.
  • the first sound outlet hole 312 may also be located on the second side wall 3102 and communicate with the rear cavity 311 .
  • the vibrating membrane 321 in FIG. 3 is similar to the vibrating membrane 121 in FIG. 1 , and will not be described further herein.
  • different side walls eg, the first side wall 3101 and the second side wall 3102
  • different side walls eg, the first side wall 3101 and the second side wall 3102
  • the end of the first side wall 3101 away from the acoustic driver may be connected with the end of the second side wall 3102 through the curved structure 3111 .
  • the curved structure 3111 can change the reflection condition of the sound emitted from the back of the acoustic driver 320 in the rear cavity 311 .
  • setting the curved structure 3111 is equivalent to reducing the length l of the long side of the back cavity, so that the frequency of the sound forming the standing wave appears in the higher frequency region.
  • the "connection" mentioned in this application may refer to splicing different components together in a specific manner, or it may refer to a fixed connection between different parts on the same component.
  • the curved structure 3111 can be integrally formed with the first side wall 3101, and the curved structure 3111 is fixedly connected to the second side wall 3102 by means of bonding or snapping.
  • the curved structure 3111 may be integrally formed with the second side wall 3102 , and the curved structure 3111 is fixedly connected to the first side wall 3101 by means of bonding or clamping. In some alternative embodiments, the curved structure 3111 , the first side wall 3101 and the second side wall 3102 are integrally formed together.
  • the above-mentioned curved surface structure 3111 may refer to a structure having a certain radian.
  • the plane where the first side wall 3101 is located and the plane where the second side wall 3102 is located are tangent to the curved structure 3111 respectively.
  • the curved structure 3111 may be convex or concave relative to the rear cavity 311 .
  • the bending arcs and/or the bending directions of the curved structures formed by the connections of different sidewalls may be the same or different.
  • the curvature range of the curved surface structure with a certain radian may be 50m -1 -100m -1 .
  • the frequency range corresponding to the high frequency resonance peak is 4kHz-6kHz .
  • the frequency corresponding to the high frequency resonance peak of the rear cavity of the acoustic output device can be adjusted by adjusting the curvature of the curved structure. For example, when the curvature range of the curved structure is about 67 m -1 , the frequency corresponding to the high frequency resonance peak of the back cavity of the acoustic output device is 5 kHz.
  • the back cavity in addition to setting the curved surface structure between different side walls of the back cavity to suppress standing waves, can also be arranged inside the back cavity. Providing different shapes of raised structures can also break the reflection of the sound by the internal structure of the rear cavity, and at the same time, it is equivalent to reducing the length l of the long side of the rear cavity.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a frequency response curve of the back cavity of the acoustic output device provided based on the above-mentioned FIGS. 1 and 3 .
  • the frequency response curve at the first sound outlet 312 obtained by setting the curved surface structure 3111 at the connection between the first side wall 3101 and the second side wall 3102 of the rear cavity 311 (“curved surface structure” shown in FIG. 4 ) ”), the high-frequency resonance peak is located at point B, the corresponding frequency is about 5.2kHz, and the connection between the first side wall 1101 and the second side wall 1102 is not provided with the curved structure 3111
  • the frequency response of the sound outlet obtained by In the curve (“no curved surface structure” shown in FIG.
  • the high-frequency resonance peak is located at point A, and the corresponding frequency is about 3.7 kHz.
  • Setting the curved surface structure 3111 at the connection of the side wall 3102 can increase the frequency corresponding to the high frequency resonance peak of the sound acoustic curve at the first sound outlet 312, thereby widening the frequency spectrum of the sound at the first sound outlet 312, so that the first sound outlet 312 can be
  • the sound at the hole 312 and the sound radiated outward at the diaphragm 321 are more likely to form dual sound sources that meet certain conditions (eg, opposite phases and the same amplitude), thereby effectively reducing the sound leakage volume of the acoustic output device in the far field.
  • the volume of the back cavity 311 can be reduced.
  • the sound energy of the sound emitted from the back of the acoustic driver 320 can be more radiated outward from the sound outlet (eg, the first sound outlet 312 ).
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another acoustic output device provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the acoustic output device 500 shown in FIG. 5 has substantially the same structure as the acoustic output device 300 shown in FIG. 3 , and the biggest difference between the two is that the acoustic output device 500 shown in FIG. 5 further includes a second sound outlet 513 (also known as tuning holes).
  • a second sound outlet 513 also known as tuning holes
  • the back cavity 511 of the acoustic output device 500 may include a first Sound outlet 512 and second sound outlet 513 .
  • the first sound outlet 512 and the second sound outlet 513 may be respectively located on the first side wall 5101 of the rear cavity 511 .
  • the second sound exit hole 513 and the first sound exit hole 512 may be disposed on the first side wall 5101 of the rear cavity 511 .
  • the first sound outlet hole 512 is located at the upper side wall of the casing structure 510 shown in FIG.
  • the second sound outlet hole 513 is located at the lower side wall of the casing structure 510 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the connection line between the first sound outlet hole 512 and the second sound outlet hole 513 may pass through the rear cavity 511 .
  • the projection of the first sound outlet 512 on the side wall below the casing structure 510 overlaps with the second sound outlet 513 .
  • the positions of the second sound outlet hole 513 and the first sound outlet hole 512 may not be set relative to each other.
  • the first sound exit holes 512 and the second sound exit holes 513 may be staggered along the length direction of the peripheral side wall of the rear cavity 511 (the direction from left to right in FIG. 5 ).
  • the first sound outlet holes 512 and the second sound outlet holes 513 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the peripheral side wall of the rear cavity 511 .
  • the positions of the first side wall 5101 where the first sound outlet 512 and the second sound outlet 513 are located can be adaptively adjusted according to the shape of the housing structure 510 .
  • the first side wall 5101 can be an annular peripheral side wall of the cylinder, and the first sound outlet 512 and the second sound outlet 513 can be located on the annular peripheral side of the cylinder Different positions on the side walls.
  • the first sound outlet 512 and the second sound outlet 513 may be on the same or different peripheral side walls of the first side wall 1101 that are connected to each other.
  • the first sound exit hole 512 is located at the first side wall 5101 of the housing structure 510
  • the second sound exit hole 513 is located at the second side wall 5102 of the casing structure 510 .
  • the number of the second sound outlet holes 513 may be one or more.
  • the acoustic output device shown in FIG. 5 may further include an acoustic driver 520 and other structures, wherein the acoustic driver 520 may include a diaphragm 521 and a magnetic circuit structure 5220 .
  • the acoustic driver 520 may include a diaphragm 521 and a magnetic circuit structure 5220 .
  • the conditions for the standing wave formed in the rear cavity are:
  • c 0 represents the speed of sound in air
  • l represents the length of the long side of the back cavity
  • f 2 represents the standing wave frequency
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the frequency response curve of the back cavity of the acoustic output device provided based on the above-mentioned FIGS. 1 , 3 and 5 . It can be seen from FIG. 6 that a curved surface structure is provided at the connection between the first side wall and the second side wall, and the first side wall of the housing structure is provided with a second sound outlet that is opposite to the first sound outlet. , the high-frequency resonance peak in the obtained frequency response curve (the frequency response curve corresponding to the “surface structure and relative punching” shown in Figure 6) is point C, and the corresponding frequency is increased to more than 9kHz, which is much higher than the first side wall.
  • the high-frequency resonance peak of the rear cavity (for example, the high-frequency resonance peak of B point) the corresponding frequency.
  • the acoustic output effect of the acoustic output device at high frequencies can be improved by adjusting the size of the sound outlet. Specifically, the larger the size of the sound exit hole is, the later the resonance peak is located in the frequency response of the sound exit hole (or the rear cavity) (ie, the higher the response frequency).
  • the cross-sectional area of the sound outlet is not less than 0.25 mm 2 ; preferably, the cross-sectional area of the sound outlet is not less than 0.5 mm 2 ; preferably, the cross-sectional area of the sound outlet is not less than 1 mm 2 ; Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the sound outlet is not less than 2 mm 2 ; preferably, the cross-sectional area of the sound outlet is not less than 4 mm 2 ; more preferably, the cross-sectional area of the sound outlet is not less than 7 mm 2 ; further preferably, The cross-sectional area of the sound outlet is not less than 10mm 2 .
  • the frequency of the resonance peak in the frequency response of the sound hole can be made not less than 3 kHz; preferably, by setting the cross-sectional area of the sound hole, the sound can be made
  • the frequency of the resonance peak in the frequency response of the hole is not less than 4kHz; more preferably, by setting the cross-sectional area of the sound hole, the frequency of the resonance peak in the frequency response of the sound hole can be made not less than 5kHz.
  • the cross-sectional area of the second sound outlet in order to reduce the influence of the partial pressure effect of the second sound outlet on the volume at the first sound outlet, can be made smaller than or equal to the first sound outlet cross-sectional area.
  • the cross-sectional area of the second sound hole may be 0.25-0.5.
  • the cross-sectional area of the second sound outlet can be designed to be 1 mm 2 , 2 mm 2 or other values less than or equal to 4 mm 2 .
  • the above-mentioned numerical values about the cross-sectional area of the first sound outlet hole and the second sound outlet hole are only examples, and in the embodiment of the present application, the cross-sectional area of the first sound outlet hole may be not less than Any value of 0.25 mm 2 , the cross-sectional area of the second sound outlet can be any value that is not greater than the cross-sectional area of the first sound outlet, which is not specifically limited in this specification.
  • the impedance of the sound outlet of the acoustic output device can be adjusted to reduce the sound leakage of the acoustic output device in the middle and low frequency bands (for example, 500 Hz-3 kHz).
  • a sound damping structure for example, a tuning net, a tuning cotton, a sound guide tube, etc.
  • the first sound outlet 512 and/or the second sound outlet 513 may be provided at the first sound outlet 512 and/or the second sound outlet 513 to adjust the correspondence between the two sound outlet holes.
  • the amplitude of the frequency response makes the frequency response corresponding to the first sound outlet 512 closer to the frequency response corresponding to the front side of the acoustic driver 520 (at the diaphragm) in the mid-low frequency range, thereby further reducing the leakage of the acoustic output device in the mid-low frequency range. sound volume.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • the structure of the acoustic output device 600 shown in FIG. 7 is substantially the same as that of the acoustic output device 500 shown in FIG. 5 , and the difference is that the acoustic output device 600 shown in FIG. 7 is not provided with a curved surface structure.
  • the back cavity 611 of the acoustic output device 700 may include a first The sound outlet 612 and the second sound outlet 613 .
  • the first sound outlet 612 and the second sound outlet 613 may be located on the first side wall 6101 of the rear cavity 611 , respectively.
  • the second sound exit hole 613 and the first sound exit hole 612 may be disposed on the first side wall 6101 of the rear cavity 611 .
  • the first sound outlet hole 612 is located at the upper side wall of the casing structure 510 shown in FIG.
  • the second sound outlet hole 613 is located at the lower side wall of the casing structure 610 shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the connection line between the first sound outlet 612 and the second sound outlet 613 may pass through the rear cavity 611 .
  • the projection of the first sound outlet 612 on the side wall below the casing structure 610 overlaps with the second sound outlet 613 .
  • the positions of the second sound exit hole 613 and the first sound exit hole 612 may not be set relative to each other.
  • the first sound exit holes 612 and the second sound exit holes 613 may be arranged staggered along the length direction of the peripheral side wall of the rear cavity 611 (the direction from left to right in FIG. 7 ).
  • first sound outlet holes 612 and the second sound outlet holes 613 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the peripheral side wall of the rear cavity 611 .
  • the positions of the first side wall 6101 where the first sound outlet 612 and the second sound outlet 613 are located can be adaptively adjusted according to the shape of the housing structure 610 .
  • the first side wall 6101 may be an annular peripheral side wall of the cylinder, and the first sound outlet 612 and the second sound outlet 613 may be located on the annular peripheral side of the cylinder Different positions on the side walls.
  • the first sound outlet 612 and the second sound outlet 613 may be on the same or different peripheral side walls of the first side wall 6101 that are connected to each other.
  • the first sound exit hole 612 is located at the first side wall 6101 of the housing structure 610
  • the second sound exit hole 613 is located at the second side wall 6102 of the casing structure 510 .
  • the number of the second sound exit holes 613 may be one or more.
  • the acoustic output device shown in FIG. 7 may further include an acoustic driver 620 and other structures, wherein the acoustic driver 620 may include a diaphragm 61 and a magnetic circuit structure 6220 .
  • the acoustic driver 620 may include a diaphragm 61 and a magnetic circuit structure 6220 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • the structure of the acoustic output device 700 shown in FIG. 8 is substantially the same as that of the acoustic output device 500 shown in FIG. 5 , and the difference is that the magnetic circuit structure 7220 of the acoustic output device 700 shown in FIG.
  • the road structure 5220 is different.
  • the magnetic circuit structure 7220 may include a magnetic conductive plate 7221 disposed opposite to the diaphragm 721 .
  • the magnetic conducting plate 7221 is provided with one or more third sound outlet holes 7222 (also called pressure relief holes).
  • the third sound outlet hole 7222 can export the sound generated by the vibration of the diaphragm 721 from the back of the acoustic driver 720 to the outside of the acoustic output device.
  • the third sound outlet hole 7222 may include a first hole portion 72222 and a second hole portion 72221 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside.
  • the first hole portion 72222 and the second hole portion 72221 pass through, and the size of the second hole portion 72221 is different from that of the first hole portion 72222 .
  • the diameter of the second hole portion 72221 may be larger or smaller than the diameter of the first hole portion 72222.
  • first hole portion 72222 and the second hole portion 72221 of the third sound outlet hole 7222 described above are not limited to a circle, but can also be a semicircle, a quarter circle, an ellipse, a semicircle, or a semicircle. Ellipse, polygon, etc. are not further limited here.
  • the arrangement of the first hole portion 72222 and the second hole portion 72221 at the position of the third sound outlet hole 7222 can adjust the backside of the acoustic driver 720 to radiate sound to the outside (that is, to radiate sound from the third sound outlet hole 7222 to the outside). ) frequency response.
  • the third sound outlet hole 7222 may also be a hole portion whose cross-sectional area gradually increases or decreases from the inside to the outside.
  • a plurality of third sound exit holes 7222 may be opened on the back of the acoustic driver 720 . Different third sound exit holes 7222 may have the same or different structural settings.
  • the acoustic output device 300 and/or the acoustic output device 500 may have the same or similar magnetic circuit structure as the magnetic circuit structure 7220 therein.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • the structure of the acoustic output device 800 shown in FIG. 9 is substantially the same as that of the acoustic output device 700 shown in FIG. 8 , and the difference is that the magnetic circuit structure 8220 of the acoustic output device 800 shown in FIG.
  • the road structure 7220 is different.
  • a sound guide tube 8223 may also be provided at the third sound outlet hole 8222 .
  • the sound guide tube 8223 may be disposed in a direction away from the diaphragm 821 , that is, the sound guide tube 8223 may extend from the third sound outlet hole 8222 to the outside of the acoustic output device.
  • the sound guide pipe 8223 can transmit the sound radiated from the third sound exit hole 8222 to the back cavity 811, and then the sound guide pipe 8223 can first output the sound radiated from the third sound exit hole 8222.
  • the sound hole 812 and/or the second sound outlet hole 813 are led out to the outside of the acoustic output device.
  • the sound guide tube 8223 at the third sound outlet 8222 can adjust the frequency response of the sound radiated outward from the back of the acoustic driver 820 (ie, the sound is radiated from the third sound outlet 8222 to the outside).
  • the frequency response corresponding to the sound guide pipe 8223 can be adjusted by adjusting the diameter or cross-sectional area of the sound guide pipe.
  • the sound guide tube 8223 may be a straight tube or a tube body structure with an increasing cross-sectional area along the direction away from the diaphragm 821.
  • the acoustic output device 300 and/or the acoustic output device 500 may have a magnetic circuit structure that is the same as or similar to the magnetic circuit structure 8220 .
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • the acoustic output device 900 shown in FIG. 10 has substantially the same structure as the acoustic output device 500 shown in FIG. 5 , the difference is that the acoustic output device 900 shown in FIG. 10 further includes a protective structure.
  • a protection structure 930 may be further provided on the outer side of the vibrating membrane 921 .
  • the protective structure 930 may be fixedly connected with the housing structure 910 .
  • the protective structure 930 is a structure that allows sound waves generated on the front surface of the diaphragm 921 to propagate to the outside world.
  • the protective structure 930 may be a screen structure.
  • the protection structure 930 may be a plate structure with holes or the like.
  • acoustic output device 300 , acoustic output device 500 , acoustic output device 600 , acoustic output device 700 , and/or acoustic output device 800 may have protective structures that are the same as or similar to protective structure 930 .
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of an acoustic output device provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • the structure of the acoustic output device 1000 shown in FIG. 10 is substantially the same as that of the acoustic output device 500 shown in FIG. 5 , and the main difference is that the acoustic output device 1000 shown in FIG. 11 further includes a front cavity.
  • the acoustic output device 1000 may include a housing structure 1010 that is hollow inside and an acoustic driver 1020 disposed within the housing structure 1010 .
  • the acoustic driver 1020 may include a diaphragm 1021 and a magnetic circuit structure 10220 .
  • the acoustic driver 1020 may also include a voice coil (not shown).
  • the voice coil can be fixed on the side of the diaphragm 1021 facing the magnetic circuit structure 10220, and is located in the magnetic field formed by the magnetic circuit structure 10220. When the voice coil is energized, it can vibrate under the action of the magnetic field and drive the diaphragm 1021 to vibrate, thereby generating sound.
  • the side of the diaphragm 1021 facing away from the magnetic circuit structure 10220 ie, the right side of the diaphragm 1021 in FIG. 10
  • the side of the magnetic circuit structure 10220 facing away from the diaphragm 1021 ie, the left side of the magnetic circuit structure 10220 in FIG. 10
  • Vibration of the diaphragm 1021 may cause the acoustic driver 1020 to radiate sound outward from its front and back, respectively. As shown in FIG.
  • the front surface or diaphragm 1021 of the acoustic driver 1020 and the housing structure 1010 form a first cavity 1011 (also referred to as a front cavity), and the back surface of the acoustic driver 1020 and the housing structure 1010 form a second cavity 1012 (also known as the back cavity).
  • the front side of the acoustic driver 1020 radiates sound toward the first cavity 1011
  • the back side of the acoustic driver 1020 radiates sound toward the second cavity 1012 .
  • the housing structure 1010 may further include a first sound outlet 1013, a second sound outlet 1014, and a fourth sound outlet 1015.
  • the fourth sound outlet 1015 communicates with the first cavity 1011, and the first The sound outlet 1013 and the second sound outlet 1014 communicate with the second cavity 1012 .
  • the sound generated on the front of the acoustic driver 1020 is propagated to the outside through the fourth sound outlet 1015
  • the sound generated on the back of the acoustic driver 120 is propagated to the outside through the first sound outlet 1013 and the second sound outlet 1014 .
  • the magnetic circuit structure 10220 may include a magnetic conductive plate 10221 disposed opposite to the diaphragm.
  • At least one third sound outlet hole 10222 (also referred to as a pressure relief hole) is provided on the magnetic conducting plate 10221, for exporting the sound generated by the vibration of the diaphragm 1021 from the back of the acoustic driver 1020 and to the outside through the second cavity 1012 spread.
  • the acoustic output device 1000 forms a specific sound field with a certain directivity through the sound radiation of the fourth sound exit hole 1015 , the first sound exit hole 1013 and the second sound exit hole 1014 . It should be noted that, the acoustic output device in the embodiments of the present specification is not limited to the application of earphones, and may also be applied to other audio output devices (eg, hearing aids, loudspeakers, etc.).
  • the first cavity 1011 front cavity
  • its related structures eg, the fourth sound outlet 1015
  • the first cavity 1011 front cavity
  • its related structures eg, the fourth sound outlet 1015
  • the first cavity 1011 and its related structures can also be applied to the above-mentioned acoustic output device 300 , acoustic output device 500 , acoustic output device 600 , In the acoustic output device 700 and/or the acoustic output device 800 .
  • a damping structure for example, a tuning net, a tuning cotton, a sound guide tube, etc.
  • a damping structure for example, a tuning net, a tuning cotton, a sound guide tube, etc.
  • the sound leakage volume of the acoustic output device in the middle and low frequencies is further reduced.
  • the number of the first sound outlet, the second sound outlet, the third sound outlet and the fourth sound outlet may be one or more, and those skilled in the art may The number and shape of the first sound outlet, the second sound outlet, the third sound outlet, and the fourth sound outlet are adaptively adjusted according to specific conditions, which are not further limited here.
  • the above-mentioned acoustic output device may include other sound-outlet holes other than the above-mentioned first sound-outlet hole, second sound-outlet hole, third sound-outlet hole, and fourth sound-outlet hole.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary structure of a diaphragm of an acoustic output device provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the examples of different diaphragms described in FIG. 12 may be adapted for use in acoustic output devices described elsewhere in this application (eg, acoustic output device 300, acoustic output device 500, acoustic output device 600, acoustic output device 600, output device 700, acoustic output device 800, acoustic output device 900, acoustic output device 1000, etc.).
  • the diaphragm of the acoustic driver has a certain vibration amplitude when vibrating, it is necessary to pre-prepare the diaphragm while ensuring the volume of the cavity is small. Leave a certain space for vibration to prevent the vibration of the diaphragm from colliding with the shell structure and resulting in broken sound. Therefore, the gap between the top end of the diaphragm (ie, the end face of the diaphragm facing the cavity) and the inner wall of the cavity facing the diaphragm needs to be larger than the vibration amplitude of the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm may be a spherical diaphragm or a conical diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm when the diaphragm is a spherical diaphragm or a cone diaphragm, the top of the diaphragm 1110 and the protruding ring 1111 bulge higher than other parts (that is, the top of the diaphragm 1110 ) closer to the inner wall of the cavity), the cavity needs to have extra volume to prevent the top of the diaphragm 1110 from colliding with the inner wall of the cavity.
  • the diaphragm may be a planar diaphragm.
  • the planar diaphragm may refer to a diaphragm whose shape is a plane or an approximate plane.
  • the distance between the plane diaphragm 1120 and the inner wall of the cavity opposite to the position is smaller than that of the spherical diaphragm or the conical diaphragm, so that there are Helps reduce the volume of the cavity.
  • the folded ring 1121 protrudes outward relative to the plane diaphragm 1120, a certain distance still needs to be maintained between the plane diaphragm 1120 and the inner wall of the cavity opposite to the position. As shown in FIG.
  • the ring 1131 of the diaphragm 1130 in order to further reduce the distance between the diaphragm 1130 and the inner wall of the cavity, can be recessed in a direction away from the cavity, at this time the casing
  • the inner cavity of the structure does not need to reserve space for the folded ring 1131, thereby reducing the volume of the cavity, so that the high-frequency resonance peak position at the sound outlet hole on the cavity is located at a position with a higher frequency, thereby improving the acoustic output of the acoustic output device. output effect.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary wearing effect of an acoustic output device provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the wearing position of the acoustic output device may be the upper half of the torso of the user.
  • the wearing position is the head and close to the ears.
  • the rectangular structure in the figure represents the acoustic output device.
  • the sound output position of the acoustic output device eg, the sound outlet, the pressure relief hole or the diaphragm
  • the acoustic output device can be within the projection of the auricle vector plane (eg, the concha cavity) Or outside the auricle vector plane projection.
  • the acoustic output device can also be suspended above the ear canal through a corresponding structure (eg, a hook), but the ear canal is not blocked.
  • the acoustic output device may be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or approximately in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the above-mentioned acoustic output device may be applied to head-mounted or ear-hook devices such as glasses.
  • the acoustic output device When the user wears glasses or other head-mounted or ear-hook devices, the acoustic output device is located in front of the user's ears, the face shown in the rear view faces the user's face area (hereinafter abbreviated as "facing the user"), and the face shown in the front view faces the user's face area.
  • the face faces the position opposite to the user's face area in the external environment (hereinafter abbreviated as "towards the outside"), and the face shown in the right view faces the direction of the user's ears relatively.
  • the acoustic output device includes a sound outlet 1310 , a sound outlet 1311 , a sound outlet 1320 , and a sound outlet 1330 .
  • the sound outlet hole 1310 and the sound outlet hole 1311 are located on the side wall facing the outside on the housing structure shown in the front view (the housing structure is shown in the three-dimensional structure in FIG. side wall 5102), the sound outlet hole 1320 and the sound outlet hole 1330 are located on the side wall of the housing structure on the side facing the user (for example, the third side wall 3103 in FIG. 3 or the side on the right side shown in FIG. 11 ) wall).
  • the shape of the sound outlet hole 1310 and the sound outlet hole 1311 is a rectangle, and the two are arranged in parallel in the middle area of the side wall facing the outer side of the acoustic output device.
  • the shape of the sound outlet hole 1320 and the sound outlet hole 1330 may also be rectangular, and they may be vertically arranged on the casing structure at a position facing the user and close to the user's ear.
  • the openings shown in the rear view may represent the front cavity sound exit holes of the acoustic output device (eg, the sound exit holes 1015 shown in FIG. 11 ) , the front cavity sound outlet can make the sound go out to the direction of the human ear.
  • the openings shown in the front view ie, the sound outlet hole 1310 and the sound outlet hole 1311 ) may represent the back cavity sound outlet hole. The sound emitted by the sound outlet hole in the front cavity and the sound outlet hole in the rear cavity form a directional sound field, thereby achieving the effect of reducing sound leakage.
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • FIG. 3 For the specific content of the curved surface structure, reference may be made to FIG. 3 and its
  • the acoustic output device shown in FIG. 14 is for illustration only, and in some embodiments, the acoustic output device may be non-rectangular, for example, may be cylindrical, truncated and other shapes. It should also be noted that, in some embodiments, the above-mentioned front-cavity sound-outlet holes and rear-cavity sound-outlet holes may be located on non-opposite surfaces. For example, in some embodiments, the front-cavity sound-outlet holes and the rear-cavity sound-outlet holes may be located on non-opposing surfaces. Can be on adjacent faces or on the same face. In some embodiments, the number of the front cavity sound hole and the rear cavity sound hole can be 1, 2 or more.
  • the shapes and positions of the above-mentioned front-cavity sound-outlet holes and rear-cavity sound-outlet holes (and tuning holes) are not limited to those shown in the drawings.
  • the shape of the above-mentioned front cavity sound hole, rear cavity sound hole and tuning hole may also be semicircle, 1/4 circle, ellipse, semi-ellipse, polygon or other shapes. regular shape.
  • the acoustic output device may be in the shape of a cuboid or approximately a cuboid.
  • the above-mentioned acoustic output device may be applied to head-mounted or ear-hook devices such as glasses.
  • the acoustic output device is located in front of the user's ears, the face shown in the rear view faces the user's face area (hereinafter abbreviated as "facing the user"), and the face shown in the front view faces the user's face area.
  • the acoustic output device includes a sound outlet 1410 , a sound outlet 1411 , and a sound outlet 1420 .
  • the sound outlet hole 1410 and the sound outlet hole 1411 are located on the side wall of the casing structure facing the outside (for example, the second side wall 5102 shown in FIG. 5 ), and the sound outlet hole 1420 is located on the side wall of the casing structure facing the user ( For example, the third side wall 3103 in FIG. 3 or the side wall on the right side shown in FIG.
  • the sound outlet hole 1410 and the sound outlet hole 1411 are rectangular in shape, and they are arranged in parallel in the middle region of the side wall of the housing structure facing the outside in the acoustic output device.
  • the sound outlet 1420 includes a side facing the user and a side facing the ear, wherein the side facing the user and/or the side facing the ear may also be rectangular.
  • the sound outlet 1420 may be disposed in the middle of the edge where the side wall of the casing structure facing the user and the side wall of the casing structure facing the user's ear intersect or at a position close to the user's ear.
  • the sound outlet 1420 may represent the sound outlet of the front cavity of the acoustic output device.
  • the sound outlet 1420 may allow the sound to be transmitted to the human ear, and is opened with the back cavity on the surface shown in the front view.
  • the sound emitted by the sound outlet holes in the rear cavity ie, the sound outlet holes 1410 and 1411 ) forms a directional sound field, thereby achieving the effect of reducing sound leakage.
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • FIG. 3 For the specific content of the curved surface structure, reference may be made to FIG. 3 and its
  • the acoustic output device may be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or approximately in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the above-mentioned acoustic output device may be applied to head-mounted or ear-hook devices such as glasses.
  • the acoustic output device When the user wears glasses or other head-mounted or ear-hook devices, the acoustic output device is located in front of the user's ears, the face shown in the rear view faces the user's face area (hereinafter abbreviated as "facing the user"), and the face shown in the front view faces the user's face area.
  • the face faces the position opposite to the user's face area in the external environment (hereinafter abbreviated as "towards the outside"), and the face shown in the right view faces the direction of the user's ears relatively.
  • the acoustic output device includes a sound outlet 1510 , a sound outlet 1511 , and a sound outlet 1520 .
  • the sound outlet hole 1510 and the sound outlet hole 1511 are located on the side wall of the housing structure facing the outside (for example, the second side wall 5102 shown in FIG. 5 ), and the sound outlet hole 1520 is located on the side wall of the housing structure facing the user’s ear (For example, the sidewall of the first cavity 1011 in FIG. 11 ).
  • the shape of the sound outlet hole 1510 and the sound outlet hole 1511 is a rectangle, and the two are arranged parallel to the middle area of the side wall of the acoustic output device facing the outside.
  • the sound outlet 1520 may also be rectangular.
  • the sound outlet 1520 may be disposed in the middle of the side wall of the housing structure facing the user's ear or at a position close to the user's ear. In some embodiments, the sound exit hole 1520 may be parallel to the sound exit hole 1510 and the sound exit hole 1511 described above.
  • the above-mentioned sound outlet 1520 may represent the front cavity sound outlet of the acoustic output device.
  • the sound outlet 1520 can make the sound output to the direction of the human ear, and is opened on the side wall corresponding to the front view of the housing structure.
  • the sound emitted by the sound outlet holes in the rear cavity ie the sound outlet holes 1510 and 1511 ) forms a directional sound field, thereby achieving the effect of reducing sound leakage.
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • FIG. 3 For the specific content of the curved surface structure, reference may be made to FIG. 3 and its
  • the acoustic output device may be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or approximately in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the above-mentioned acoustic output device may be applied to head-mounted or ear-hook devices such as glasses.
  • the acoustic output device When the user wears glasses or other head-mounted or ear-hook devices, the acoustic output device is located in front of the user's ears, the face shown in the rear view faces the user's face area (hereinafter abbreviated as "facing the user"), and the face shown in the front view faces the user's face area.
  • the face faces the position opposite to the user's face area in the external environment (hereinafter abbreviated as "towards the outside"), and the face shown in the right view faces the direction of the user's ears relatively.
  • the acoustic output device includes a sound outlet 1610 , a sound outlet 1611 , a sound outlet 1620 , and a sound outlet 1630 .
  • the sound outlet hole 1610 and the sound outlet hole 1611 are located on the side wall of the casing structure facing the outside (for example, the second side wall 5102 shown in FIG. 5 ), and the sound outlet hole 1620 is located on the side wall of the casing structure facing the user ( For example, the side wall of the cavity 1011 in FIG. 11 ), the sound outlet 1630 is located on the side wall of the casing structure facing the user’s ear and the side wall corresponding to the bottom view of the casing structure (for example, the first side wall in FIG. 11 ) sidewall of cavity 1011).
  • the shape of the sound outlet hole 1610 and the sound outlet hole 1611 is a rectangle, and the two are arranged parallel to the middle area of the side wall of the acoustic output device facing the outside.
  • the sound-out hole 1620 may also be rectangular. In some embodiments, the sound-out hole 1620 may be disposed in the middle of the side facing the user or at a position close to the user's ear.
  • the sound outlet 1630 may include a first opening on the side of the housing structure facing the user's ear and a second opening on the side close to the user's ear and perpendicular to the human body (ie, the lower surface of the acoustic output device), wherein the first opening and the second opening are Both openings may be rectangular, and the first opening and the second opening may communicate with each other.
  • the sound outlet 1620 and the sound outlet 1630 can represent the front cavity sound outlet of the acoustic output device, and the sound outlet 1620 and the sound outlet 1630 can make the sound go out in the direction of the human ear, and can be combined with the sound outlet.
  • the front view of the shell structure corresponds to the sound emitted by the back cavity sound outlet holes (ie the sound outlet holes 1610 and 1611 ) opened on the side wall to form a directional sound field, so as to achieve the effect of reducing sound leakage.
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • FIG. 3 For the specific content of the curved surface structure, reference may be made to FIG. 3 and its
  • the acoustic output device may be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or approximately in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the above-mentioned acoustic output device may be applied to head-mounted or ear-hook devices such as glasses.
  • the acoustic output device When the user wears glasses or other head-mounted or ear-hook devices, the acoustic output device is located in front of the user's ears, the face shown in the rear view faces the user's face area (hereinafter abbreviated as "facing the user"), and the face shown in the front view faces the user's face area.
  • the face faces the position opposite to the user's face area in the external environment (hereinafter abbreviated as "towards the outside"), and the face shown in the right view faces the direction of the user's ears relatively.
  • the acoustic output device includes a sound outlet 1710 , a sound outlet 1711 , and a sound outlet 1720 .
  • the sound outlet hole 1710 and the sound outlet hole 1711 are located on the side wall of the housing structure facing the outside (for example, the second side wall 5102 shown in FIG. 5 ), and the sound outlet hole 1720 is located on the side wall of the housing structure facing the user’s ear and the side wall corresponding to the bottom view (for example, the side wall of the first cavity 1011 in FIG. 11 ).
  • the shape of the sound outlet hole 1710 and the sound outlet hole 1711 is a rectangle, and the two are arranged in parallel in the middle area of the side wall of the acoustic output device facing the outside.
  • the sound outlet 1720 may include a first opening on the side facing the user's ear and a second opening on the side close to the user's ear and perpendicular to the human body (ie, the lower surface of the acoustic output device), wherein the first opening and the second opening may Both are rectangular, and the first opening and the second opening can communicate with each other.
  • the above-mentioned sound outlet 1720 may represent the front cavity sound outlet of the acoustic output device.
  • the sound outlet 1720 can make the sound output to the direction of the human ear, and corresponds to the side wall corresponding to the front view of the housing structure.
  • the sound emitted by the opened sound outlet holes in the rear cavity ie, the sound outlet holes 1710 and 1711 ) forms a directional sound field, thereby achieving the effect of reducing sound leakage.
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • FIG. 3 For the specific content of the curved surface structure, reference may be made to FIG. 3 and its
  • the acoustic output device may be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or approximately in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the above-mentioned acoustic output device may be applied to head-mounted or ear-hook devices such as glasses.
  • the acoustic output device When the user wears glasses or other head-mounted or ear-hook devices, the acoustic output device is located in front of the user's ears, the face shown in the rear view faces the user's face area (hereinafter abbreviated as "facing the user"), and the face shown in the front view faces the user's face area.
  • the face faces the position opposite to the user's face area in the external environment (hereinafter abbreviated as "towards the outside"), and the face shown in the right view faces the direction of the user's ears relatively.
  • the acoustic output device includes a sound outlet 1810 , a sound outlet 1820 , and a sound outlet 1830 .
  • the sound outlet 1810 is located on the side wall corresponding to the bottom view of the casing structure (for example, the first side wall 5101 in FIG. 5 ), and the sound outlet 1820 is located on the side wall corresponding to the top view of the casing structure (for example, The first side wall 5101 in FIG. 5 ), the sound outlet 1830 is located on the side wall of the casing structure facing the user's ear.
  • the sound outlet hole 1810 , the sound outlet hole 1820 , and the sound outlet hole 1830 may be rectangular in shape, wherein the area of the sound outlet hole 1810 may be larger than that of the sound outlet hole 1820 .
  • the above-mentioned sound outlet 1830 may represent the front cavity sound outlet of the acoustic output device.
  • the sound outlet 1830 can make the sound output to the direction of the human ear, and is connected to the side wall corresponding to the bottom view of the housing structure.
  • the sound emitted by the opened sound outlet hole 1810 forms a directional sound field, thereby achieving the effect of reducing sound leakage.
  • a sound hole 1820 (also referred to as a tuning hole) can also be opened on the plane corresponding to the top view, so as to suppress the formation of standing waves.
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • FIG. 3 For the specific content of the curved surface structure, reference may be made to FIG. 3 and its
  • the acoustic output device may be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or approximately a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the above-mentioned acoustic output device may be applied to head-mounted or ear-hook devices such as glasses.
  • the acoustic output device is located in front of the user's ears, the face shown in the rear view faces the user's face area (hereinafter abbreviated as "facing the user"), and the face shown in the front view faces the user's face area.
  • the acoustic output device includes a sound outlet 1910 , a sound outlet 1920 , and a sound outlet 1930 .
  • the sound outlet 1910 is located on the side wall corresponding to the top view of the casing structure (for example, the first side wall 5101 in FIG. 5 ), and the sound outlet 1920 is located on the side wall corresponding to the bottom view of the casing structure (for example, The first side wall 5101 in FIG. 5 ), the sound outlet 1930 is located on the side wall of the casing structure facing the user's ear.
  • the sound outlet hole 1910 , the sound outlet hole 1920 , and the sound outlet hole 1930 may be rectangular in shape, wherein the area of the sound outlet hole 1910 may be larger than that of the sound outlet hole 1920 .
  • the sound outlet 1930 may represent the front cavity sound outlet of the acoustic output device.
  • the sound outlet 1930 may allow the sound to be radiated toward the human ear, and is connected to the outlet opened on the side wall corresponding to the top view of the casing structure.
  • the sound emitted by the sound hole 1910 (rear cavity sound hole) forms a directional sound field, thereby achieving the effect of reducing sound leakage.
  • a sound hole 1920 also known as a tuning hole
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view and the side walls adjacent to the side wall of the housing structure shown in the front view eg, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the upper view, the lower A curved surface structure (not shown in the figure) is provided between the junctions of the side wall of the housing structure shown in the view, the side wall of the housing structure shown in the right view, and the side wall of the housing structure shown in the left view (not shown). Shows).
  • FIG. 3 For the specific content of the curved surface structure, reference may be made to FIG. 3 and its
  • the acoustic output device may be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or approximately in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the above-described acoustic output device may be applied to open-back earphone (eg, wired earphones, wireless earphones) devices.
  • the acoustic output device When the user wears the open-back headphone device, the acoustic output device is located in the user's auricle, the face shown in the rear view faces the user's face area (hereinafter abbreviated as “facing the user"), and the face shown in the top view faces the external environment and the user. In the opposite position of the face area (hereinafter abbreviated as “towards the outside"), the face shown in the lower view faces the direction of the user's ear canal.
  • the acoustic output device includes a sound outlet 2010 , a sound outlet 2020 , and a sound outlet 2030 .
  • the sound outlet 2010 is located on the side wall corresponding to the top view of the casing structure (for example, the side wall of the first cavity 1011 shown in FIG. 11 ), and the sound outlet 2020 is located on the side corresponding to the bottom view of the casing structure
  • the side wall for example, the second side wall 5102 shown in FIG. 5
  • the sound outlet 2030 is located on the side wall of the housing structure facing the user’s ear canal and the side wall corresponding to the bottom view of the housing structure (for example, , the sidewall of the first cavity 1011 shown in FIG. 11 ).
  • the shape of the sound outlet hole 2010 and the sound outlet hole 2020 may be a rectangle, wherein the area of the sound outlet hole 2010 may be larger than the area of the sound outlet hole 2020 .
  • the sound outlet 2030 includes a first opening facing the user's ear and a second opening on a plane corresponding to the bottom view. The first opening and the second opening may be rectangular, and the first opening and the second opening may communicate with each other.
  • the above-mentioned sound outlet 2030 may represent the front cavity sound outlet of the acoustic output device.
  • the sound outlet 2030 can make the sound output to the direction of the human ear, and is opened on the side wall corresponding to the top view of the casing structure.
  • the sound emitted by the sound outlet hole 2010 (rear cavity sound outlet hole) forms a directional sound field, so as to achieve the effect of reducing sound leakage.
  • the center line connecting the sound outlet hole (sound outlet hole 2030 ) in the front cavity and the sound outlet hole in the rear cavity (sound outlet hole 2010 ) is approximately parallel to the user contact surface (the side wall of the housing structure shown in the rear view of FIG. 21 ).
  • the "approximately parallel" here means that the included angle between the center line connecting the sound outlet of the front cavity and the sound outlet of the rear cavity and the user contact surface is within a specific range.
  • the specified range may be no greater than 45 degrees, or no greater than 30 degrees, or no greater than 15 degrees.
  • sound holes 2020 tunnel holes
  • sound holes 2010 rear cavity sound holes
  • the acoustic output device provided in the above embodiments is only an exemplary illustration, and in some embodiments, the acoustic output device may be non-rectangular, for example, may be cylindrical, truncated, and other shapes. It should also be noted that, in some embodiments, the above-mentioned front-cavity sound-outlet holes and rear-cavity sound-outlet holes may be located on non-opposite surfaces. For example, in some embodiments, the front-cavity sound-outlet holes and the rear-cavity sound-outlet holes may be located on non-opposing surfaces. Can be on adjacent faces or on the same face.
  • the shapes and positions of the above-mentioned front-cavity sound holes, rear-cavity sound holes, and tuning holes are not limited to those shown in the drawings.
  • the shape of the above-mentioned front cavity sound hole, rear cavity sound hole and tuning hole may also be semicircle, 1/4 circle, ellipse, semi-ellipse, polygon or other shapes. regular shape.
  • aspects of this application may be illustrated and described in several patentable categories or situations, including any new and useful process, machine, product, or combination of matter, or combinations of them. of any new and useful improvements. Accordingly, various aspects of the present application may be performed entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or by a combination of hardware and software.
  • the above hardware or software may be referred to as a "data block”, “module”, “engine”, “unit”, “component” or “system”.
  • aspects of the present application may be embodied as a computer product comprising computer readable program code embodied in one or more computer readable media.
  • a computer storage medium may contain a propagated data signal with the computer program code embodied therein, for example, on baseband or as part of a carrier wave.
  • the propagating signal may take a variety of manifestations, including electromagnetic, optical, etc., or a suitable combination.
  • Computer storage media can be any computer-readable media other than computer-readable storage media that can communicate, propagate, or transmit a program for use by coupling to an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • Program code on a computer storage medium may be transmitted over any suitable medium, including radio, cable, fiber optic cable, RF, or the like, or a combination of any of the foregoing.
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Abstract

本申请公开了一种声学输出装置，该声学输出装置包括：声学驱动器，所述声学驱动器包括振膜和磁路结构，所述振膜背朝所述磁路结构的一侧形成所述声学驱动器的正面，所述磁路结构背朝所述振膜的一侧形成所述声学驱动器的背面，所述振膜振动使得所述声学驱动器分别从其正面和背面向外辐射声音；以及壳体结构，被配置为承载所述声学驱动器，其中，所述声学驱动器的背面与所述壳体结构形成后腔，所述后腔的不同侧壁之间通过曲面结构相连；所述壳体结构包括至少一个出声孔，所述至少一个出声孔与所述后腔声学耦合，并将所述声学驱动器向所述后腔辐射的声音导出到声学输出装置的外部，其中，所述至少一个出声孔位于所述后腔的至少部分侧壁上。

Description

一种声学输出装置
优先权信息
本申请要求2020年8月4日提交的国际申请号PCT/CN2020/106759的优先权，全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本申请涉及声学领域，特别涉及一种声学输出装置。
背景技术
开放双耳的声学输出装置是一种在特定范围内实现声传导的便携式音频输出设备。与传统的入耳式、耳罩式耳机相比，开放双耳的声学输出装置具有不堵塞、不覆盖耳道的特点，可以让用户在聆听音乐的同时，获取外界环境中的声音信息，提高安全性与舒适感。由于开放式结构的使用，开放双耳的声学输出装置的漏音往往较传统耳机更为严重。目前，行业内的通常做法是将扬声器置于一个声学腔体中，声学腔体的正面和背面分别开孔，以产生有一定指向性的特定声场。在一些情况下，考虑到声学输出装置的一些外观设计和结构问题，声学腔体的背面不能进行开孔，此时，由于声学腔体内部对声音的反射，会引起共振和驻波，导致从声学腔体背面输出的声音会具有较低的高频谐振峰。这样一方面缩小了声学输出装置的频响范围，另一方面，在该高频谐振峰附近，声学腔体背面输出的声音的相位发生反转，导致声学腔体背面输出的声音和正面输出的声音叠加增强，会造成较大的远场漏音。
因此希望提供一种声学输出装置，可以有效抑制驻波并拓宽声学输出装置的频响范围。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种声学输出装置，该装置包括：声学驱动器，所述声学驱动器包括振膜和磁路结构，所述振膜背朝所述磁路结构的一侧形成所述声学驱动器的正面，所述磁路结构背朝所述振膜的一侧形成所述声学驱动器的背面，所述振膜振动使得所述声学驱动器分别从其正面和背面向外辐射声音；以及壳体结构，被配置为承载所述声学驱动器，其中，所述声学驱动器的背面与所述壳体结构形成后腔，所述后腔不同侧壁之间通过曲面结构相连；所述壳体结构包括至少一个出声孔，所述至少一个出声孔与所述后腔声学耦合，并将所述声学驱动器向所述后腔辐射的声音导出到所述声学输出装置的外部，其中，所述至少一个出声孔位于所述后腔的至少部分侧壁。
在一些实施例中，所述后腔的不同侧壁包括至少一个第一侧壁和第二侧壁；其中，所述至少一个第一侧壁位于所述壳体结构的周侧，所述第二侧壁与所述声学驱动器的背面相对设置，所述至少一个第一侧壁远离声学驱动器的一端与所述第二侧壁的端部通过所述曲面结构连接。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个出声孔位于所述至少一个第一侧壁。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个出声孔包括第一出声孔和第二出声孔，所述第一出声孔和所述第二出声孔位于所述至少一个第一侧壁上，且所述第一出声孔与所述第二出声孔的相对设置。
在一些实施例中，所述第二出声孔的横截面积不大于所述第一出声孔的横截面积。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个出声孔的横截面积不小于0.25mm 2。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个出声孔处设有声阻尼结构。
在一些实施例中，所述磁路结构包括与所述振膜相对设置的导磁板，所述导磁板上包括至少一个第三出声孔，所述至少一个第三出声孔将所述振膜振动产生的声音从所述声学驱动器的背面导出。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个第三出声孔处沿远离所述振膜的方向设有导声管，所述导声管将从所述至少一个第三出声孔处辐射的声音导出到所述后腔中。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个第三出声孔包括由内至外依次设置的第一孔部和第二孔部，所述第一孔部和所述第二孔部贯通，且所述第二孔部的直径大于所述第一孔部的直径。
在一些实施例中，所述振膜的形状为平面或近似平面。
在一些实施例中，所述振膜通过折环固定在所述声学驱动器上，所述折环向远离所述后腔的方向凹陷。
在一些实施例中，所述声学驱动器的正面还设有相对所述振膜设置的保护结构。
在一些实施例中，所述保护结构，被配置为将所述振膜与外界分隔，且能够将振膜与外界分隔，且能够将振膜发出的声音传播至外界。
在一些实施例中，所述保护结构包括滤网结构。
在一些实施例中，所述保护结构包括带有至少一个出声孔的板体结构。
在一些实施例中，所述声学驱动器的正面与所述壳体结构形成前腔，所述壳体结构包括至少一个第四导声孔，所述第四导声孔将所述振膜产生的声音从所述声学驱动器的正面导出到所述声学输出装置的外部。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个第四出声孔处设有声阻尼结构。
附图说明
本申请将以示例性实施例的方式进一步说明，这些示例性实施例将通过附图进行详细描述。这些实施例并非限制性的，在这些实施例中，相同的编号表示相同的结构，其中：
图1是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构 示意图；
图2是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的频响曲线示意图；
图3是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图；
图4是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的频响曲线示意图；
图5是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图；
图6是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的频响曲线示意图；
图7是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图；
图8是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图；
图9是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图；
图10是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图；
图11是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图；
图12是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的振膜的示例性结构示意图；
图13是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性佩戴效果示意图；
图14是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图；
图15是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图；
图16是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图；
图17是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图；
图18是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图；
图19是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图；
图20是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图；以及
图21是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些示例或实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图将本申请应用于其它类似情景。除非从语言环境中显而易见或另做说明，图中相同标号代表相同结构或操作。
应当理解，本文使用的“系统”、“装置”、“单元”和/或“模组”是用于区分不同级别的不同组件、元件、部件、部分或装配的一种方法。然而，如果 其他词语可实现相同的目的，则可通过其他表达来替换所述词语。
如本申请和权利要求书中所示，除非上下文明确提示例外情形，“一”、“一个”、“一种”和/或“该”等词并非特指单数，也可包括复数。一般说来，术语“包括”与“包含”仅提示包括已明确标识的步骤和元素，而这些步骤和元素不构成一个排它性的罗列，方法或者设备也可能包含其它的步骤或元素。
本申请中使用了流程图用来说明根据本申请的实施例的系统所执行的操作。应当理解的是，前面或后面操作不一定按照顺序来精确地执行。相反，可以按照倒序或同时处理各个步骤。同时，也可以将其他操作添加到这些过程中，或从这些过程移除某一步或数步操作。
本说明书描述了一种腔体内设有曲面结构的声学输出装置。例如，声学输出装置至少包括声学驱动器和壳体结构，声学驱动器的正面可以直接向外部辐射声音，声学驱动器的背面与壳体结构形成后腔，后腔周侧的侧壁上可以包括第一出声孔，第一出声孔可以与后腔声学耦合，声学驱动器背面的声音可以从第一出声孔向外部辐射。由于第一出声孔的位置没有设置在与声学驱动器的背面相对的后腔底部的侧壁上，在声音的导出过程中，后腔的壳体结构会对声学驱动器背面产生的声音造成反射，引起共振和驻波，使得声学驱动器背面输出的声音与声学驱动器正面输出的声音之间产生较大差异，不利于干涉相消而降低漏音。通过在后腔的不同侧壁之间设置曲面结构(例如，后腔周侧的侧壁与后腔底部的侧壁通过曲面结构相连)，可以破坏后腔内部的反射条件，抑制驻波形成，同时通过该曲面结构可以进一步压缩后腔体积，从而拓宽后腔产生的声音的频谱。因此，通过在后腔不同侧壁之间设置曲面结构，可以确保在较宽的频率范围内，声学驱动器背面(第一出声孔)的声音与声学驱动器正面(振膜)向外辐射的声音形成具有满足特定条件(例如，相位相反，振幅相同)的双声源，从而有效降低声学输出装置在远场的漏音音量。
图1是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性的结构示意图。如图1所示，声学输出装置100可以包括内部中空的壳体结构110以及设置在壳体结构110内的声学驱动器120。声学驱动器120可以包括振膜121和磁路结构1220。声学驱动器120还可以包括音圈(图中未示出)。所述音圈可以固定在振膜121朝向磁路结构1220的一侧，并位于磁路结构1220所形成的磁场中。当所述音圈通电后，其可以在磁场的作用下振动并带动振膜121振动，从而产生声音。为方便描述，振膜121背朝磁路结构1220的一侧(即图1中振膜121的右侧)可以被认为是声学驱动器120的正面，磁路结构1220背朝振膜121的一侧(即图1中磁路结构1220的左侧)可以被认为是声学驱动器120的背面。振膜121振动可以使得声学驱动器120分别从其正面和背面向外辐射声音。如图1所示，声学驱动器120的背面与壳体结构110形成后腔111。声学驱动器120的背面可以向后腔111辐射声音。
如图1所示，后腔111的侧壁可以包括第一侧壁1101、第二侧壁1102以及第三侧壁1103，第二侧壁1102和第三侧壁1103的位置正相对。第一侧壁1101可以是指以声学驱动器120正面中心到其背面中心的连线为轴线，环绕该轴线所设置的侧壁，也可以叫做后腔111的周侧侧壁。在一些实施例中，第一侧壁1101可以为一个或多个。例如，壳体结构110为圆柱体时，第一侧壁1101可以为圆柱体的环形的周侧侧壁。又例如，壳体结构110为长方体时，第一侧壁1101可以包括长方体的四个相互连接的周侧侧壁。第二侧壁1102可以是指图1中所示平面图左侧的侧壁，其与声学驱动器120的背面相对设置，也可以叫做后腔111的底部侧壁。第三侧壁1103可以是指图1中所示平面图右侧的侧壁。在一些实施例中，振膜121可以直接位于第三侧壁1103处。例如，第三侧壁1103上包括一个安装孔，振膜121可以位于该安装孔中。在一些实施例中，振膜121还可以不位于第 三侧壁1103处。例如，第三侧壁1103处设有外凸或内凹的延伸部，该延伸部具有承载振膜121的空间，振膜121与该延伸部连接。在一些可替代的实施例中，后腔111的侧壁可以仅包括第一侧壁1101和第二侧壁1102。
在一些实施例中，壳体结构110还可以包括第一出声孔112，该第一出声孔112可以位于第一侧壁1101上，并与后腔111连通。声学驱动器120背面产生的声音可以通过该第一出声孔112向外界传播。在特定频率范围内，第一出声孔112处输出的声音可以与振膜121处输出的声音形成满足特定条件(例如，相位相反，振幅相同)的双声源，在远场，第一出声孔112处输出的声音可以与振膜121处输出的声音可以相抵消，进而降低声学输出装置在远场的漏音音量，防止其他用户听到声学输出装置发出的声音。在一些实施例中，该第一出声孔112还可以位于第二侧壁1102上，并与后腔111连通。
将第一出声孔112设置于壳体结构110的第一侧壁时，声学驱动器120背面的声音通过后腔111，再由第一出声孔112向外输出声音的过程中，后腔111对声学驱动器120背面声音的反射会引起声音的共振和驻波。在后腔111内形成驻波的频率会产生较大的声音强度，与后腔111的频率响应曲线上谐振峰对应。根据驻波公式：
Figure PCTCN2020140815-appb-000001
其中n取正整数，c 0表示空气中的声速，l表示后腔长边长度(即图1中第二侧壁1102沿着竖直方向的尺寸)，f 1表示驻波频率。当l＝0.023m时，此时f 1＝3.7kHz。出于说明的目的，图2示出了将第一出声孔112设置于第一侧壁时的后腔111的实际频率响应。由图2可以看出，当第一出声孔112位于壳体结构110的第一侧壁1101时(图2中所示的“未设曲面结构”)，高频谐振峰位于A点，对应的频率大约在3.7kHz，与公式(1)计算出来的结果基本一致。
为了进一步拓宽后腔的频谱范围，从而使得从第一出声孔112导出的声音能够在更大的频率范围内与声学驱动器正面产生的声音干涉相消，本申请实施例可以在后腔的不同侧壁之间设置曲面结构，以破坏后腔内部结构对声音的反射，抑制驻波形成。此外，该曲面结构可以压缩后腔体积，将后腔的谐振峰往更高频的区域移动，从而进一步拓宽后腔的频谱范围。
下面结合附图对本申请实施例所提供的声学输出装置进行详细说明。
图3是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图。
如图3所示，声学输出装置300可以包括壳体结构310以及与壳体结构310连接的声学驱动器320。
在一些实施例中，壳体结构310可以用于可以承载一个或多个声学驱动器320。在一些实施例中，壳体结构310可以是内部中空的封闭式壳体结构，且声学驱动器320可以与壳体结构310固定连接。
在一些实施例中，声学输出装置300可以通过壳体结构310佩戴在用户身体上(例如，人体的头部、颈部或者上部躯干)，同时壳体结构310和声学驱动器320可以靠近但不堵塞耳道，使得用户耳朵保持开放的状态，在用户既能听到声学输出装置300输出的声音的同时，又能获取外部环境的声音。例如，声学输出装置300可以环绕设置或者部分环绕设置在用户耳朵的周侧。在一些实施例中，声学输出装置300可以与眼镜、头戴式耳机、头戴式显示装置、AR/VR头盔等产品相结合，在这种情况下，壳体结构310可以采用悬挂或夹持的方式固定在用户的耳朵的附近。在一些可替代的实施例中，壳体结构310上可以设有挂钩，且挂钩的形状与耳廓的形状相匹配，从而声学输出装置300可以通过挂钩独立佩戴在用户的耳朵上。独立佩戴使用的声学输出装置300可以通过有线或无线(例如，蓝牙)的方式与信号源(例如，电脑、手机或其他移动设备)通信连接。例如，左右 耳处的声学输出装置300可以均通过无线的方式与信号源直接通信连接。又例如，左右耳处的声学输出装置300可以包括第一输出装置和第二输出装置，其中第一输出装置可以与信号源进行通信连接，第二输出装置可以通过无线方式与第一输出装置无线连接，第一输出装置和第二输出装置之间通过一个或多个同步信号实现音频播放的同步。无线连接的方式可以包括但不限于蓝牙、局域网、广域网、无线个域网、近场通讯等或其任意组合。
在一些实施例中，壳体结构310可以为具有人体耳朵适配形状的壳体结构，例如圆环形、椭圆形、多边形(规则或不规则)、U型、V型、半圆形，以便壳体结构310可以直接挂靠在用户的耳朵处。在一些实施例中，壳体结构310还可以包括一个或多个固定结构。所述固定结构可以包括耳挂、头梁或弹性带，使得声学输出装置300可以更好地固定在用户身上，防止用户在使用时发生掉落。仅作为示例性说明，例如，弹性带可以为头带，头带可以被配置为围绕头部区域佩戴。又例如，弹性带可以为颈带，被配置为围绕颈/肩区域佩戴。在一些实施例中，弹性带可以是连续的带状物，并可以被弹性地拉伸以佩戴在用户的头部，同时弹性带还可以对用户的头部施加压力，使得声学输出装置300牢固地固定在用户的头部的特定位置上。在一些实施例中，弹性带可以是不连续的带状物。例如，弹性带可以包括刚性部分和柔性部分，其中，刚性部分可以由刚性材料(例如，塑料或金属)制成，刚性部分可以与声学输出装置300的壳体结构310通过物理连接(例如，卡接、螺纹连接等)的方式进行固定。柔性部分可以由弹性材料制成(例如，布料、复合材料或/和氯丁橡胶)。
声学驱动器320是一个可以接收电信号，并将其转换为声音信号进行输出的元件。在一些实施例中，按频率进行区分，声学驱动器320的类型可以包括低频(例如，3kHz以下)声学驱动器、中高频(例如，3kHz- 7kHz)声学驱动器或高频(例如，大于7kHz)声学驱动器，或其任意组合。当然，这里所说的低频、高频等只表示频率的大致范围，在不同的应用场景中，可以具有不同的划分方式。例如，可以确定一个分频点，低频表示分频点以下的频率范围，高频表示分频点以上的频率。该分频点可以为人耳可听范围内的任意值，例如，500Hz，600Hz，700Hz，800Hz，1000Hz等。在一些实施例中，按原理进行区分，声学驱动器320还可以包括但不限于动圈式、动铁式、压电式、静电式、磁致伸缩式等驱动器。
声学驱动器320可以包括振膜321和磁路结构3220。振膜321和磁路结构3220沿着振膜321的振动方向依次设置。在一些实施例中，振膜321可以安装在一个盆架(图中未示出)上，所述盆架再固定在磁路结构3220上。可替换地，振膜321可以直接与磁路结构3220的侧壁固定连接。振膜321背朝磁路结构3220的一侧形成声学驱动器320的正面，磁路结构3220背朝振膜321的一侧形成声学驱动器320的背面，振膜321振动使得声学驱动器320分别从其正面和背面向外辐射声音。
声学驱动器320的背面与壳体结构310形成后腔311。声学驱动器320的背面向后腔311辐射声音。在一些实施例中，壳体结构310上设有一个或多个第一出声孔312。第一出声孔312与后腔311声学耦合，并将声学驱动器320向后腔311辐射的声音导出到声学输出装置300的外部。
在一些实施例中，振膜321可以嵌入壳体结构310的侧壁。例如，壳体结构310的侧壁上可以开设有安装孔(图中未示出)，振膜321的端部可以固定在安装孔处。
继续参照图3，在一些实施例中，后腔311的侧壁可以包括第一侧壁3101、第二侧壁3102以及第三侧壁3103，第二侧壁3102和第三侧壁3103的位置正相对。第一侧壁3101可以是指以声学驱动器120正面中心到其背面中心的连线为轴线，环绕该轴线所设置的侧壁，也可以叫做后腔311的 周侧侧壁。在一些实施例中，第一侧壁3101可以为一个或多个。例如，壳体结构310为圆柱体时，第一侧壁3101可以为圆柱体的环形的周侧侧壁。又例如，壳体结构310为长方体时，第一侧壁3101可以包括长方体的四个相互连接的周侧侧壁。第二侧壁1102可以是指图3中所示平面图左侧的侧壁，其与声学驱动器320的背面相对设置，也可以叫做后腔311的底部侧壁。第三侧壁3103可以是指图3中所示平面图右侧的侧壁。在一些可替代的实施例中，后腔311的侧壁可以仅包括第一侧壁3101和第二侧壁3102。在一些实施例中，壳体结构310还可以包括第一出声孔312，该第一出声孔312可以位于第一侧壁3101上，并与后腔311连通。声学驱动器320背面产生的声音可以通过该第一出声孔312向外界传播。在特定频率范围内，第一出声孔312处输出的声音可以与振膜321处输出的声音形成满足特定条件(例如，相位相反，振幅相同)的双声源，在远场，第一出声孔312处输出的声音可以与振膜321处输出的声音可以相抵消，进而降低声学输出装置在远场的漏音音量，防止其他用户听到声学输出装置发出的声音。在一些实施例中，该第一出声孔312还可以位于第二侧壁3102上，并与后腔311连通。图3中的振膜321与图1中的振膜121相类似，在此不做进一步赘述。
继续参照图3，不同于图1所示的后腔111，后腔311的不同侧壁(例如，第一侧壁3101和第二侧壁3102)之间通过曲面结构3111连接。例如，第一侧壁3101远离声学驱动器的一端可以与第二侧壁3102的端部通过曲面结构3111连接。该曲面结构3111可以改变后腔311内部对声学驱动器320背面所发出声音的反射条件。根据公式(1)，设置曲面结构3111相当于减小了后腔长边长度l，从而使得形成驻波的声音的频率出现在更高频的区域。本申请所说的“连接”可以是指以特定的方式将不同组件相互拼接在一起，也可以是指同一组件上不同部位之间的固定连接。例如，在 一些实施例中，曲面结构3111可以和第一侧壁3101一体成型，曲面结构3111通过粘结或卡接的方式与第二侧壁3102固定连接。在一些可替代的实施例中，曲面结构3111可以和第二侧壁3102一体成型，曲面结构3111通过粘结或卡接的方式与第一侧壁3101固定连接。在一些可替代的实施例中，曲面结构3111、第一侧壁3101以及第二侧壁3102共同一体成型。
需要说明的是，在本说明书的实施例中，上述曲面结构3111可以是指具有一定弧度的结构。第一侧壁3101所在的平面和第二侧壁3102所在的平面分别与曲面结构3111相切。在一些实施例中，曲面结构3111可以相对于后腔311外凸或内凹。在一些实施例中，不同侧壁的连接处所形成的曲面结构的弯曲弧度和/或弯曲方向可以相同或不同。在一些实施例中，具有一定弧度的曲面结构的曲率范围可以为50m -1-100m -1，当声学输出装置采用该曲率范围的曲面结构时，高频谐振峰对应的频率范围为4kHz-6kHz。在一些实施例中，通过调整曲面结构的曲率可以调整声学输出装置后腔高频谐振峰对应的频率。例如，当曲面结构的曲率范围约为67m -1时，声学输出装置后腔的高频谐振峰对应的频率为5kHz。
需要知道的是，以上对于曲面结构的描述仅为举例说明，在本申请的一些其它实施例中，除了在后腔的不同侧壁之间设置曲面结构来抑制驻波，还可以在后腔内部设置不同形状的凸起结构，其同样可以破快后腔内部结构对声音的反射，同时也相当于减小了后腔长边长度l。
图4是基于上述图1和图3提供的声学输出装置的后腔的频响曲线示意图。如图4所示，在后腔311的第一侧壁3101和第二侧壁3102的连接处设置曲面结构3111得到的第一出声孔312处频率响应曲线(图4所示的“曲面结构”)中，高频谐振峰位于B点，对应的频率大约为5.2kHz，而第一侧壁1101和第二侧壁1102的连接处未设有曲面结构3111得到的出声孔的频响响应曲线(图4所示的“未设曲面结构”)中，高频谐振峰位 于A点，对应的频率大约为3.7kHz，由此可知，在壳体结构310的第一侧壁3101和第二侧壁3102的连接处设置曲面结构3111可以提高第一出声孔312处声音频响曲线的高频谐振峰对应的频率，从而拓宽第一出声孔312处声音的频谱，使得第一出声孔312处的声音与振膜321处向外辐射的声音更容易形成具有满足特定条件(例如，相位相反，振幅相同)的双声源，从而有效降低声学输出装置在远场的漏音音量。除此之外，通过将第一侧壁与第二侧壁的连接处设置为曲面结构，可以缩小后腔311的体积，一方面将后腔的谐振峰往更高频的区域移动，另一方面使声学驱动器320背面发出声音的声能量能够更多地从出声孔(例如第一出声孔312)处向外辐射。
图5是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的另一声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图。图5所示的声学输出装置500与图3所示的声学输出装置300的结构大致相同，二者之间最大的不同在于，图5所示的声学输出装置500还包括第二出声孔513(也被称为调音孔)。
参照图5，在一些实施例中，为了进一步提高出声孔(例如，第一出声孔)处频率响应曲线中高频谐振峰对应的频率，声学输出装置500中后腔511上可以包括第一出声孔512和第二出声孔513。第一出声孔512与第二出声孔513可以分别位于后腔511的第一侧壁5101上。在一些实施例中，第二出声孔513与第一出声孔512可以设置在后腔511的第一侧壁5101上。例如，第一出声孔512位于图5所示的壳体结构510的上方侧壁处，第二出声孔513位于图5所示的壳体结构510的下方侧壁处。第一出声孔512和第二出声孔513的连线可以穿过后腔511。在一些实施例中，第一出声孔512在壳体结构510下方侧壁的投影与第二出声孔513重叠。在一些实施例中，第二出声孔513和第一出声孔512的位置也可以不相对设置。例如，第一出声孔512和第二出声孔513可以沿后腔511周侧侧壁的长度方向(图5中从左至右的方向)错开排布。又例如，第一出声孔512 和第二出声孔513沿后腔511周侧侧壁的周向分布。第一出声孔512和第二出声孔513所在的第一侧壁5101的位置可以根据壳体结构510的形状进行适应性调整。例如，壳体结构510为圆柱体时，第一侧壁5101可以为圆柱体的环形的周侧侧壁，第一出声孔512和第二出声孔513可以位于圆柱体的环形的周侧侧壁的不同位置。又例如，壳体结构510为长方体时，第一出声孔512和第二出声孔513可以为第一侧壁1101中四个相互连接的相同或不同的周侧侧壁上。在一些实施例中，第一出声孔512位于壳体结构510的第一侧壁5101处，第二出声孔513位于壳体结构510的第二侧壁5102处。在一些实施例中，第二出声孔513的数量可以为一个或多个。
需要说明的是，图5所示的声学输出装置还可以包括声学驱动器520及其他结构，其中，该声学驱动器520可以包括振膜521和磁路结构5220。关于该振膜521以及磁路结构5220的更多细节可以参考本说明书其它内容(例如图3、图7、图8、图11及其相关论述)，此处不对其进行赘述。
以第二出声孔513和第一出声孔512分别设置在后腔上相对的第一侧壁5101为例，后腔中形成的驻波的条件为：
Figure PCTCN2020140815-appb-000002
其中，c 0表示空气中的声速，l表示后腔长边长度，f 2表示驻波频率。结合公式(1)和公式(2)可以得出，在与第一出声孔相对的位置设置第二出声孔时，后腔的高频谐振峰对应的频率相对于只设有第一出声孔的高频谐振峰对应的频率提高了大概一倍，从而极大地拓宽第一出声孔512处声音的频谱。
图6是基于上述图1、图3和图5提供的声学输出装置的后腔的频响曲线示意图。从图6可以看出，通过在第一侧壁和第二侧壁的连接处设置曲面结构且壳体结构的第一侧壁上开设有与第一出声孔位置相对的第二出声孔，得到的频率响应曲线(图6中所示的“曲面结构以及相对打孔” 对应的频率响应曲线)中高频谐振峰为C点，对应的频率提高到9kHz以上，远高于第一侧壁和第二侧壁的连接处未设置曲面结构(图6中所示的“未设曲面结构”)时后腔的高频谐振峰(例如，高频谐振峰A点)对应的频率和第一侧壁和第二侧壁的连接处设置了曲面结构而没有开设第二出声孔(图6中所示的“曲面后腔”)时后腔的高频谐振峰(例如，高频谐振峰B点)对应的频率。
在一些实施例中，可以通过调整出声孔的尺寸提高声学输出装置在高频的声学输出效果。具体地，出声孔的尺寸越大，出声孔(或后腔)的频响中谐振峰的位置越靠后(即响应频率越高)。在一些实施例中，出声孔的横截面积不小于0.25mm 2；优选地，出声孔的横截面积不小于0.5mm 2；优选地，出声孔的横截面积不小于1mm 2；优选地，出声孔的横截面积不小于2mm 2；优选地，出声孔的横截面积不小于4mm 2；更优选地，出声孔的横截面积不小于7mm 2；进一步优选地，出声孔的横截面积不小于10mm 2。在一些实施例中，通过设置出声孔的横截面积，可以使得出声孔的频响中谐振峰的频率不小于3kHz；优选地，通过设置出声孔的横截面积，可以使得出声孔的频响中谐振峰的频率不小于4kHz；更优选地，通过设置出声孔的横截面积，可以使得出声孔的频响中谐振峰的频率不小于5kHz。
在一些实施例中，为了降低第二出声孔的分压作用对第一出声孔处音量所造成的影响，可以使该第二出声孔的横截面积小于或等于第一出声孔的横截面积。优选地，在降低第二出声孔的分压作用对第一出声孔处音量所造成的影响的同时，保证第一出声孔的抑制驻波效果，第二出声孔的横截面积与第一出声孔的横截面积的比值可以为0.25-0.5。例如，当第一出声孔的横截面积为4mm 2时，可以将第二出声孔的很横截面积设计为1mm 2，2mm 2或其他小于等于4mm 2的数值。
需要说明的是，上述关于第一出声孔和第二出声孔的横截面积的数 值仅为举例说明，在本申请实施例中，上述第一出声孔的横截面积可以是不小于0.25mm 2的任意数值，上述第二出声孔的横截面积可以是不大于第一出声孔的横截面积的任意数值，本说明书中不对其进行具体限定。
在一些实施例中，可以通过调节声学输出装置的出声孔的阻抗，以降低声学输出装置在中低频段(例如，500Hz-3kHz)的漏音。例如，可以在第一出声孔512和/或第二出声孔513处设置声阻尼结构(例如，调音网、调音棉、导声管等结构)，以调节两个出声孔对应频响的幅值，使得第一出声孔512对应的频响与声学驱动器520正面(振膜处)对应的频响在中低频段范围更加接近，从而进一步降低声学输出装置在中低频的漏音音量。
图7是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图。图7所示的声学输出装置600与图5所示的声学输出装置500的结构大致相同，其区别之处在于图7所示的声学输出装置600的未设置曲面结构。
参照图7，在一些实施例中，为了进一步提高出声孔(例如，第一出声孔)处频率响应曲线中高频谐振峰对应的频率，声学输出装置700中后腔611上可以包括第一出声孔612和第二出声孔613。第一出声孔612与第二出声孔613可以分别位于后腔611的第一侧壁6101上。在一些实施例中，第二出声孔613与第一出声孔612可以设置在后腔611的第一侧壁6101上。例如，第一出声孔612位于图7所示的壳体结构510的上方侧壁处，第二出声孔613位于图7所示的壳体结构610的下方侧壁处。第一出声孔612和第二出声孔613的连线可以穿过后腔611。在一些实施例中，第一出声孔612在壳体结构610下方侧壁的投影与第二出声孔613重叠。在一些实施例中，第二出声孔613和第一出声孔612的位置也可以不相对设置。例如，第一出声孔612和第二出声孔613可以沿后腔611周侧侧壁 的长度方向(图7中从左至右的方向)错开排布。又例如，第一出声孔612和第二出声孔613沿后腔611周侧侧壁的周向分布。第一出声孔612和第二出声孔613所在的第一侧壁6101的位置可以根据壳体结构610的形状进行适应性调整。例如，壳体结构610为圆柱体时，第一侧壁6101可以为圆柱体的环形的周侧侧壁，第一出声孔612和第二出声孔613可以位于圆柱体的环形的周侧侧壁的不同位置。又例如，壳体结构610为长方体时，第一出声孔612和第二出声孔613可以为第一侧壁6101中四个相互连接的相同或不同的周侧侧壁上。在一些实施例中，第一出声孔612位于壳体结构610的第一侧壁6101处，第二出声孔613位于壳体结构510的第二侧壁6102处。在一些实施例中，第二出声孔613的数量可以为一个或多个。
需要说明的是，图7所示的声学输出装置还可以包括声学驱动器620及其他结构，其中，该声学驱动器620可以包括振膜61和磁路结构6220。关于该振膜621以及磁路结构6220的更多细节可以参考本说明书其它内容(例如图3、图7、图8、图11及其相关论述)，此处不对其进行赘述。
图8是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图。图8所示的声学输出装置700与图5所示的声学输出装置500的结构大致相同，其区别之处在于图8所示的声学输出装置700的磁路结构7220与图5所示的磁路结构5220不同。
参照图8，在一些实施例中，磁路结构7220可以包括与振膜721相对设置的导磁板7221。导磁板7221上设有一个或多个第三出声孔7222(也被称为泄压孔)。第三出声孔7222可以将振膜721振动产生的声音从声学驱动器720的背面导出至声学输出装置的外部。
在一些实施例中，第三出声孔7222可以包括由内至外依次设置的第一孔部72222和第二孔部72221。第一孔部72222和第二孔部72221贯通，且第二孔部72221的尺寸不同于第一孔部72222的尺寸。例如，当第一孔 部72222和第二孔部72221都是圆形时，第二孔部72221的直径可以大于或者小于第一孔部72222的直径。需要注意的是，以上描述的第三出声孔7222的第一孔部72222和第二孔部72221的形状不限于圆形，还可以为半圆形、1/4圆形、椭圆形、半椭圆形、多边形等，在此不作进一步限定。
需要知道的是，在第三出声孔7222的位置设置第一孔部72222和第二孔部72221可以调节声学驱动器720背面向外辐射声音(即，从第三出声孔7222向外部辐射声音)的频率响应。在一些可替代的实施例中，第三出声孔7222也可以为截面积由内至外逐渐增大或者逐渐减小的孔部。在一些实施例中，声学驱动器720的背面可以开设有多个第三出声孔7222。不同第三出声孔7222可以具有相同或者不同的结构设置。在一些实施例中，声学输出装置300和/或声学输出装置500中可以具有与磁路结构7220相同或相似的磁路结构。
图9是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图。图9所示的声学输出装置800与图8所示的声学输出装置700的结构大致相同，其区别之处在于图9所示的声学输出装置800的磁路结构8220与图8所示的磁路结构7220不同。
如图9所示，在一些实施例中，第三出声孔8222处还可以设有导声管8223。导声管8223可以沿远离振膜821的方向设置，即导声管8223可以从第三出声孔8222处向声学输出装置的外部延伸。在一些实施例中，导声管8223可以将第三出声孔8222处辐射的声音到处到后腔811中，进而导声管8223可以将从第三出声孔8222辐射的声音从而第一出声孔812和/或第二出声孔813导出到声学输出装置的外部。在一些实施例中，第三出声孔8222处的导声管8223可以调节声学驱动器820背面向外辐射声音(即，从第三出声孔8222向外部辐射声音)的频响。例如，可以通过调节导声管管径或截面积以调整导声管8223对应的频响。在一些实施例中，导 声管8223可以为直管或截面积沿远离振膜821的方向渐增的管体结构。在一些实施例中，声学输出装置300和/或声学输出装置500中可以具有与磁路结构8220相同或相似的磁路结构。
图10是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图。图10所示的声学输出装置900与图5所示的声学输出装置500的结构大致相同，其区别之处在于图10所示的声学输出装置900还包括保护结构。
如图10所示，在一些实施例中，为了对振膜921进行保护，在振膜921的外侧还可以设有保护结构930。保护结构930可以与壳体结构910固定连接。在一些实施例中，保护结构930是允许将振膜921正面产生的声波向外界传播的结构。例如，保护结构930可以是滤网结构。又例如，保护结构930可以是带有孔的板体结构等。在一些实施例中，保护结构930与振膜921的正面之间具有一定的间距，该间距可以防止振膜921在振动过程中与保护结构930发生碰撞。关于振膜921的类型和结构可以参考本申请图12所示的振膜，在此不做赘述。在一些实施例中，声学输出装置300、声学输出装置500、声学输出装置600、声学输出装置700和/或声学输出装置800中可以具有与保护结构930相同或相似的保护结构。
图11是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性结构示意图。图10所示的声学输出装置1000与图5所示的声学输出装置500的结构大致相同，其主要区别之处在于图11所示的声学输出装置1000还包括前腔。
如图11所示，声学输出装置1000可以包括内部中空的壳体结构1010以及设置在壳体结构1010内的声学驱动器1020。声学驱动器1020可以包括振膜1021和磁路结构10220。声学驱动器1020还可以包括音圈(图中未示出)。所述音圈可以固定在振膜1021朝向磁路结构10220的一侧，并 位于磁路结构10220所形成的磁场中。当所述音圈通电后，其可以在磁场的作用下振动并带动振膜1021振动，从而产生声音。为方便描述，振膜1021背朝磁路结构10220的一侧(即图10中振膜1021的右侧)可以被认为是声学驱动器1020的正面，磁路结构10220背朝振膜1021的一侧(即图10中磁路结构10220的左侧)可以被认为是声学驱动器1020的背面。振膜1021振动可以使得声学驱动器1020分别从其正面和背面向外辐射声音。如图10所示，声学驱动器1020的正面或振膜1021与壳体结构1010形成第一腔体1011(也称为前腔)，声学驱动器1020的背面与壳体结构1010形成第二腔体1012(也称为后腔)。声学驱动器1020的正面向第一腔体1011辐射声音，声学驱动器1020的背面向第二腔体1012辐射声音。在一些实施例中，壳体结构1010还可以包括第一出声孔1013、第二出声孔1014和第四出声孔1015，第四出声孔1015与第一腔体1011连通，第一出声孔1013和第二出声孔1014与第二腔体1012连通。声学驱动器1020正面产生的声音通过第四出声孔1015向外界传播，声学驱动器120背面产生的声音通过第一出声孔1013和第二出声孔1014向外界传播。在一些实施例中，磁路结构10220可以包括与振膜相对设置的导磁板10221。导磁板10221上开设至少一个第三出声孔10222(也被称为泄压孔)，用于将振膜1021振动产生的声音从声学驱动器1020的背面导出并通过第二腔体1012向外界传播。该声学输出装置1000通过第四出声孔1015、第一出声孔1013和第二出声孔1014的声辐射形成具有一定指向性的特定声场。需要说明的是，本说明书实施例中的声学输出装置不局限于耳机的应用，也可以应用于其它的音频输出设备(例如，助听器、扩音器等)。在一些实施例中，第一腔体1011(前腔)及其相关结构(例如，第四出声孔1015)还可以应用于上述的声学输出装置300、声学输出装置500、声学输出装置600、声学输出装置700和/或声学输出装置800中。
与上述第一出声孔和第二出声孔同理，在一些实施例中，上述第四出声孔处也可以设置阻尼结构(例如，调音网、调音棉、导声管等结构)，以调节出声孔对应频响的幅值，进一步降低声学输出装置在中低频的漏音音量。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，上述第一出声孔、第二出声孔、第三出声孔以及第四出声孔的数量可以是一个或多个，本领域技术人员可以根据具体情况对第一出声孔、第二出声孔、第三出声孔以及第四出声孔的数量和形状做适应性调整，在此不做进一步限定。在一些实施例中，上述声学输出装置可以包括除上述第一出声孔、第二出声孔、第三出声孔以及第四出声孔以外的其他出声孔。
图12是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的振膜的示例性结构示意图。在一些实施例中，图12中描述的不同的振膜的示例可以适用于本申请中其它地方描述的声学输出装置中(例如，声学输出装置300，声学输出装置500、声学输出装置600、声学输出装置700、声学输出装置800、声学输出装置900、声学输出装置1000等)。
在一些实施例中，考虑到振膜的形态也会影响腔体的容积，以及声学驱动器的振膜在振动时有一定的振动幅度，在保证腔体的容积较小的同时需要为振膜预留一定的振动空间，以防止振膜振动时与壳体结构碰撞而产生破音。因此，振膜的顶端(即，振膜朝向腔体的端面)到腔体内朝向振膜的内壁的间隙需要大于振膜的振动幅度。
基于上述结论，在一些实施例中，振膜可以为球形振膜或锥形振膜。如图12(a)所示，当振膜为球形振膜或锥形振膜时，由于振膜1110的顶端和外凸的折环1111凸起高于其他部分(即，振膜1110的顶端更加靠近腔体的内壁)，腔体需要留有额外的容积，以防止振膜1110的顶端与腔体的内壁发生碰撞。在一些实施例中，振膜可以为平面振膜。在本说明书的 实施例中，平面振膜可以是指振膜形状为平面或近似为平面的振膜。如图12(b)所示，当振膜为平面振膜1120时，平面振膜1120与其位置相对的腔体内壁之间的间距相比于球形振膜或锥形振膜较小，从而有助于减小腔体的容积。但是，由于折环1121相对于平面振膜1120向外凸出，平面振膜1120与其位置相对的腔体内壁之间仍需保持一定间距。如图12(c)所示，在一些实施例中，为了进一步减少振膜1130与腔体内壁之间的间距，振膜1130的折环1131可以向远离腔体的方向凹陷，此时壳体结构的内腔不需要为折环1131预留空间，从而减少了腔体的容积，使得腔体上出声孔处的高频谐振峰位置位于频率较高的位置，从而提高声学输出装置的声学输出效果。
图13是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性佩戴效果示意图。
在一些实施例中，用户在佩戴上述声学输出装置时，声学输出装置的佩戴位置可以为使用者上半部躯干。例如，佩戴位置为头部且靠近耳朵。如图13所示，图中的长方形结构表示声学输出装置。如图13中的图a和图b所示，声学输出装置的出声位置(例如，出声孔、泄压孔或振膜)可以在耳廓矢量面投影之内(如，耳甲腔)或者耳廓矢量面投影之外。如图13中的图c和图d所示，声学输出装置也可以通过相应的结构(如，挂钩)悬于耳道之上，但是不堵塞耳道。
图14是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图。如图14所示，在一些实施例中，声学输出装置可以为长方体状或近似为长方体状。在一些实施例中，上述声学输出装置可以应用于眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备。当用户佩戴眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备时，声学输出装置位于用户耳朵前侧，后视图所示的面朝向用户脸部区域(后面简写为“朝向用户”)，主视图所示的面朝向外部环境中与用户脸部区域相反的 位置(后面简写为“朝向外侧”)，右视图所示的面相对朝向用户耳朵方向。在一些实施例中，声学输出装置包括出声孔1310、出声孔1311、出声孔1320和出声孔1330。其中，出声孔1310和出声孔1311位于主视图所示的壳体结构(以图14中的立体结构表示壳体结构)上朝向外侧的侧壁(例如，图5中所示的第二侧壁5102)，出声孔1320和出声孔1330位于壳体结构上朝向用户一侧的侧壁(例如，图3中的第三侧壁3103或图11中所示的位于右侧的侧壁)。在一些实施例中，出声孔1310和出声孔1311的形状为长方形，二者平行设置于声学输出装置中朝向外侧的侧壁的中间区域。出声孔1320和出声孔1330的形状也可以为长方形，二者可以垂直设置于壳体结构上朝向用户一侧且靠近用户耳朵的位置。
在一些实施例中，后视图所示的开孔(即出声孔1320和出声孔1330)可以表示声学输出装置的前腔出声孔(例如，图11中所示的出声孔1015)，该前腔出声孔可以使得声音向人耳方向传出。主视图所示的开孔(即出声孔1310和出声孔1311)可以表示后腔出声孔。所述前腔出声孔与后腔出声孔发出的声音形成定向声场，从而达到降漏音的效果。
在一些实施例中，主视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁和与主视图所示的壳体结构侧壁相邻的侧壁(例如，上视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、下视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、右视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁以及未示出的左视图的壳体结构的侧壁)的连接处之间设有曲面结构(图中未示出)。关于曲面结构的具体内容可以参考本申请说明书图3及其描述，在此不做赘述。
需要说明的是，图14所示的声学输出装置仅为举例说明，在一些实施例中，声学输出装置可以为非长方体状，例如，可以是圆柱体状、圆台状等其他形状。还需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，上述前腔出声孔和后腔出声孔可以位于非相对面上，例如，在一些实施例中，前腔出声孔和后腔出声孔可以位于相邻面或相同面上。在一些实施例中，前腔出声孔和后腔 出声孔的数量可以是1个、2个或两个以上。
除此之外，还需要说明，上述前腔出声孔、后腔出声孔(以及调音孔)的形状和位置并不限于图示情况。例如，在一些实施例中，上述前腔出声孔、后腔出声孔以及调音孔的形状还可以是半圆形、1/4圆形、椭圆形、半椭圆形、多边形或其他不规则形状。
图15是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图。如图15所示，在一些实施例中，声学输出装置可以为长方体状或近似为长方体状。在一些实施例中，上述声学输出装置可以应用于眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备。当用户佩戴眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备时，声学输出装置位于用户耳朵前侧，后视图所示的面朝向用户脸部区域(后面简写为“朝向用户”)，主视图所示的面朝向外部环境中与用户脸部区域相反的位置(后面简写为“朝向外侧”)，右视图所示的面相对朝向用户耳朵方向。在一些实施例中，声学输出装置包括出声孔1410、出声孔1411以及出声孔1420。出声孔1410和出声孔1411位于壳体结构朝向外侧的侧壁(例如，图5中所示的第二侧壁5102)，出声孔1420位于壳体结构朝向用户的一侧侧壁(例如，图3中的第三侧壁3103或图11中所示的位于右侧的侧壁)与壳体结构朝向用户耳朵的一侧侧壁相交的棱边上。在一些实施例中，出声孔1410和出声孔1411的形状为长方形，二者平行设置于声学输出装置中壳体结构朝向外侧的侧壁的中间区域。出声孔1420包括朝向用户的一面以及朝向耳朵的一面，其中，朝向用户的一面和/或朝向耳朵的一面也可以为长方形。在一些实施例中，该出声孔1420可以设置于壳体结构朝向用户的一侧侧壁与壳体结构朝向用户耳朵的一侧侧壁相交的棱边的中间位置或靠近用户耳朵的位置。
在一些实施例中，出声孔1420可以表示声学输出装置的前腔出声孔，该出声孔1420可以使得声音向人耳方向传出，并与主视图所体现面上的后 腔所开设的后腔出声孔(即出声孔1410和出声孔1411)发出的声音形成定向声场，从而达到降漏音的效果。
在一些实施例中，主视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁和与主视图所示的壳体结构侧壁相邻的侧壁(例如，上视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、下视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、右视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁以及未示出的左视图的壳体结构的侧壁)的连接处之间设有曲面结构(图中未示出)。关于曲面结构的具体内容可以参考本申请说明书图3及其描述，在此不做赘述。
关于出声孔1410、出声孔1411和出声孔1420的形状、数量、位置等更多细节可以参照图14及其相关论述，此处不再进行赘述。
图16是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图。如图16所示，在一些实施例中，声学输出装置可以为长方体状或近似为长方体状。在一些实施例中，上述声学输出装置可以应用于眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备。当用户佩戴眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备时，声学输出装置位于用户耳朵前侧，后视图所示的面朝向用户脸部区域(后面简写为“朝向用户”)，主视图所示的面朝向外部环境中与用户脸部区域相反的位置(后面简写为“朝向外侧”)，右视图所示的面相对朝向用户耳朵方向。在一些实施例中，声学输出装置包括出声孔1510、出声孔1511以及出声孔1520。出声孔1510和出声孔1511位于壳体结构朝向外侧的侧壁(例如，图5中所示的第二侧壁5102)，出声孔1520位于壳体结构朝向用户耳朵的一侧侧壁(例如，图11中第一腔体1011的侧壁)。在一些实施例中，出声孔1510和出声孔1511的形状为长方形，二者平行设置于声学输出装置朝向外侧的侧壁的中间区域。出声孔1520也可以为长方形，在一些实施例中，该出声孔1520可以设置于壳体结构朝向用户耳朵的侧壁的中间位置或靠近用户耳朵的位置。在一些实施例中，出声孔1520可以与上述出声孔1510和出声孔1511平行。
在一些实施例中，上述出声孔1520可以表示声学输出装置的前腔出声孔，该出声孔1520可以使得声音向人耳方向传出，并与壳体结构主视图对应侧壁上开设的后腔出声孔(即出声孔1510和出声孔1511)发出的声音形成定向声场，从而达到降漏音的效果。
在一些实施例中，主视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁和与主视图所示的壳体结构侧壁相邻的侧壁(例如，上视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、下视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、右视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁以及未示出的左视图的壳体结构的侧壁)的连接处之间设有曲面结构(图中未示出)。关于曲面结构的具体内容可以参考本申请说明书图3及其描述，在此不做赘述。
关于出声孔1510、出声孔1511和出声孔1520的形状、数量、位置等更多细节可以参照图14及其相关论述，此处不再进行赘述。
图17是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图。如图17所示，在一些实施例中，声学输出装置可以为长方体状或近似为长方体状。在一些实施例中，上述声学输出装置可以应用于眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备。当用户佩戴眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备时，声学输出装置位于用户耳朵前侧，后视图所示的面朝向用户脸部区域(后面简写为“朝向用户”)，主视图所示的面朝向外部环境中与用户脸部区域相反的位置(后面简写为“朝向外侧”)，右视图所示的面相对朝向用户耳朵方向。在一些实施例中，声学输出装置包括出声孔1610、出声孔1611、出声孔1620以及出声孔1630。出声孔1610和出声孔1611位于壳体结构朝向外侧的侧壁(例如，图5中所示的第二侧壁5102)，出声孔1620位于壳体结构朝向用户的一侧侧壁(例如，图11中腔体1011的侧壁)，出声孔1630位于壳体结构朝向用户耳朵的一侧侧壁以及壳体结构仰视图所对应的一侧侧壁(例如，图11中第一腔体1011的侧壁)。在一些实施例中，出声孔1610和出声孔1611的形状为长方形，二者平行设置于声学输出装置朝向 外侧的侧壁的中间区域。出声孔1620也可以为长方形，在一些实施例中，该出声孔1620可以设置于朝向用户的一面的中间位置或靠近用户耳朵的位置。出声孔1630可以包括壳体结构朝向用户耳朵一面的第一开口以及位于靠近用户耳朵且与人体垂直的一侧(即声学输出装置的下表面)的第二开口，其中，第一开口和第二开口可以均为长方形，且第一开口与第二开口可以相互连通。
在一些实施例中，上述出声孔1620和出声孔1630可以表示声学输出装置的前腔出声孔，该出声孔1620和出声孔1630可以使得声音向人耳方向传出，并与壳体结构主视图对应侧壁上所开设的后腔出声孔(即出声孔1610和出声孔1611)发出的声音形成定向声场，从而达到降漏音的效果。
在一些实施例中，主视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁和与主视图所示的壳体结构侧壁相邻的侧壁(例如，上视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、下视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、右视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁以及未示出的左视图的壳体结构的侧壁)的连接处之间设有曲面结构(图中未示出)。关于曲面结构的具体内容可以参考本申请说明书图3及其描述，在此不做赘述。
关于出声孔1610、出声孔1611、出声孔1620以及出声孔1630的形状、数量、位置等更多细节可以参照图14及其相关论述，此处不再进行赘述。
图18是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图。如图18所示，在一些实施例中，声学输出装置可以为长方体状或近似为长方体状。在一些实施例中，上述声学输出装置可以应用于眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备。当用户佩戴眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备时，声学输出装置位于用户耳朵前侧，后视图所示的面朝向用户脸部区域(后面简写为“朝向用户”)，主视图所示的面朝向外部环境中与用户脸部区域相反的 位置(后面简写为“朝向外侧”)，右视图所示的面相对朝向用户耳朵方向。在一些实施例中，声学输出装置包括出声孔1710、出声孔1711以及出声孔1720。出声孔1710和出声孔1711位于壳体机构朝向外侧的侧壁(例如，图5中所示的第二侧壁5102)，出声孔1720位于壳体结构朝向用户耳朵的一侧侧壁以及仰视图所对应的一侧侧壁(例如，图11中第一腔体1011的侧壁)。在一些实施例中，出声孔1710和出声孔1711的形状为长方形，二者平行设置于声学输出装置面朝外侧的侧壁的中间区域。出声孔1720可以包括朝向用户耳朵一面的第一开口以及位于靠近用户耳朵且与人体垂直的一侧(即声学输出装置的下表面)的第二开口，其中，第一开口和第二开口可以均为长方形，且第一开口与第二开口可以相互连通。
在一些实施例中，上述出声孔1720可以表示声学输出装置的前腔出声孔，该出声孔1720可以使得声音向人耳方向传出，并与壳体结构主视图对应侧壁上所开设的后腔出声孔(即出声孔1710和出声孔1711)发出的声音形成定向声场，从而达到降漏音的效果。
在一些实施例中，主视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁和与主视图所示的壳体结构侧壁相邻的侧壁(例如，上视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、下视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、右视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁以及未示出的左视图的壳体结构的侧壁)的连接处之间设有曲面结构(图中未示出)。关于曲面结构的具体内容可以参考本申请说明书图3及其描述，在此不做赘述。
图19是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图。如图19所示，在一些实施例中，声学输出装置可以为长方体状或近似为长方体状。在一些实施例中，上述声学输出装置可以应用于眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备。当用户佩戴眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备时，声学输出装置位于用户耳朵前侧，后视图所示的面朝向用户脸部区域(后面简写为“朝向用户”)，主视图所示的面朝向外部环境中与用户脸部区域相反的 位置(后面简写为“朝向外侧”)，右视图所示的面相对朝向用户耳朵方向。在一些实施例中，声学输出装置包括出声孔1810、出声孔1820以及出声孔1830。出声孔1810位于壳体结构仰视图所对应的一侧侧壁(例如，图5中的第一侧壁5101)，出声孔1820位于壳体结构俯视图所对应的一侧侧壁(例如，图5中的第一侧壁5101)，出声孔1830位于壳体结构朝向用户耳朵的一侧侧壁。在一些实施例中，出声孔1810、出声孔1820以及出声孔1830的形状可以为长方形，其中，出声孔1810的面积可以大于出声孔1820的面积。
在一些实施例中，上述出声孔1830可以表示声学输出装置的前腔出声孔，该出声孔1830可以使得声音向人耳方向传出，并与壳体结构仰视图所对应侧壁上开设的出声孔1810(后腔出声孔)发出的声音形成定向声场，从而达到降漏音的效果。同时，还可以在俯视图所对应平面开设出声孔1820(又称为调音孔)，从而抑制驻波形成。
在一些实施例中，主视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁和与主视图所示的壳体结构侧壁相邻的侧壁(例如，上视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、下视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、右视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁以及未示出的左视图的壳体结构的侧壁)的连接处之间设有曲面结构(图中未示出)。关于曲面结构的具体内容可以参考本申请说明书图3及其描述，在此不做赘述。
关于出声孔1810、出声孔1820以及出声孔1830的形状、数量、位置等更多细节可以参照图14及其相关论述，此处不再进行赘述。
图20是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图。如图20所示，在一些实施例中，声学输出装置可以为长方体状或近似为长方体状。在一些实施例中，上述声学输出装置可以应用于眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备。当用户佩戴眼镜等头戴式或耳挂式设备时，声学输出装置位于用户耳朵前侧，后视图所示的面朝向用户脸部区域(后面简写 为“朝向用户”)，主视图所示的面朝向外部环境中与用户脸部区域相反的位置(后面简写为“朝向外侧”)，右视图所示的面相对朝向用户耳朵方向。在一些实施例中，声学输出装置包括出声孔1910、出声孔1920以及出声孔1930。出声孔1910位于壳体结构俯视图所对应的一侧侧壁(例如，图5中的第一侧壁5101)，出声孔1920位于壳体结构仰视图所对应的一侧侧壁(例如，图5中的第一侧壁5101)，出声孔1930位于壳体结构朝向用户耳朵的一侧侧壁。在一些实施例中，出声孔1910、出声孔1920以及出声孔1930的形状可以为长方形，其中，出声孔1910的面积可以大于出声孔1920的面积。
在一些实施例中，出声孔1930可以表示声学输出装置的前腔出声孔，该出声孔1930可以使得声音向人耳方向传出，并与壳体结构俯视图所对应侧壁开设的出声孔1910(后腔出声孔)发出的声音形成定向声场，从而达到降漏音的效果。同时，还可以在仰视图所对应平面开设出声孔1920(又称为调音孔)，从而抑制驻波形成。
在一些实施例中，主视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁和与主视图所示的壳体结构侧壁相邻的侧壁(例如，上视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、下视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁、右视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁以及未示出的左视图的壳体结构的侧壁)的连接处之间设有曲面结构(图中未示出)。关于曲面结构的具体内容可以参考本申请说明书图3及其描述，在此不做赘述。
关于出声孔1910、出声孔1920以及出声孔1930的形状、数量、位置等更多细节可以参照图14及其相关论述，此处不再进行赘述。
图21是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的声学输出装置的示例性多视图。如图21所示，在一些实施例中，声学输出装置可以为长方体状或近似为长方体状。在一些实施例中，上述声学输出装置可以应用于开放式耳机(例如，有线耳机、无线耳机)设备。当用户佩戴开放式耳机设备时， 声学输出装置位于用户耳廓内，后视图所示的面朝向用户脸部区域(后面简写为“朝向用户”)，俯视图所示的面朝向外部环境中与用户脸部区域相反的位置(后面简写为“朝向外侧”)，下视图所示的面朝向用户耳道方向。在一些实施例中，声学输出装置包括出声孔2010、出声孔2020以及出声孔2030。出声孔2010位于壳体结构俯视图所对应的一侧侧壁(例如，图11所示的中第一腔体1011的侧壁)，出声孔2020位于壳体结构仰视图所对应的一侧侧壁(例如，图5中所示的第二侧壁5102)，出声孔2030位于壳体结构朝向用户耳道的一侧侧壁以及壳体结构仰视图所对应的一侧侧壁(例如，图11所示的中第一腔体1011的侧壁)。在一些实施例中，出声孔2010、出声孔2020的形状可以为长方形，其中，出声孔2010的面积可以大于出声孔2020的面积。出声孔2030包括朝向用户耳朵一面的第一开口以及位于仰视图所对应平面的第二开口，该第一开口与第二开口可以为长方形，且第一开口与第二开口可以相互连通。
在一些实施例中，上述出声孔2030可以表示声学输出装置的前腔出声孔，该出声孔2030可以使得声音向人耳方向传出，并与壳体结构俯视图所对应侧壁上开设的出声孔2010(后腔出声孔)发出的声音形成定向声场，从而达到降漏音的效果。前腔出声孔(出声孔2030)与后腔出声孔(出声孔2010)中心连线近似平行于用户接触面(图21后视图所示的壳体结构的侧壁)。在一些实施例中，这里的近似平行是指前腔出声孔与后腔出声孔的中心连线与用户接触面的夹角在特定范围内。在一些实施例中，该特定范围可以为不大于45度，或者不大于30度，或者不大于15度。
此外，还可以在壳体结构仰视图所对应侧壁上开设出声孔2020(调音孔)，从而配合出声孔2010(后腔出声孔)有效抑制驻波形成。
需要说明，上述实施例所提供的声学输出装置仅为示例性说明，在一些实施例中，声学输出装置可以为非长方体状，例如，可以是圆柱体状、 圆台状等其他形状。还需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，上述前腔出声孔和后腔出声孔可以位于非相对面上，例如，在一些实施例中，前腔出声孔和后腔出声孔可以位于相邻面或相同面上。
除此之外，还需要说明，上述前腔出声孔、后腔出声孔以及调音孔的形状和位置并不限于图示情况。例如，在一些实施例中，上述前腔出声孔、后腔出声孔以及调音孔的形状还可以是半圆形、1/4圆形、椭圆形、半椭圆形、多边形或其他不规则形状。
上文已对基本概念做了描述，显然，对于本领域技术人员来说，上述详细披露仅仅作为示例，而并不构成对本申请的限定。虽然此处并没有明确说明，本领域技术人员可能会对本申请进行各种修改、改进和修正。该类修改、改进和修正在本申请中被建议，所以该类修改、改进、修正仍属于本申请示范实施例的精神和范围。
同时，本申请使用了特定词语来描述本申请的实施例。如“一个实施例”、“一实施例”、和/或“一些实施例”意指与本申请至少一个实施例相关的某一特征、结构或特点。因此，应强调并注意的是，本说明书中在不同位置两次或多次提及的“一实施例”或“一个实施例”或“一个替代性实施例”并不一定是指同一实施例。此外，本申请的一个或多个实施例中的某些特征、结构或特点可以进行适当的组合。
此外，本领域技术人员可以理解，本申请的各方面可以通过若干具有可专利性的种类或情况进行说明和描述，包括任何新的和有用的工序、机器、产品或物质的组合，或对他们的任何新的和有用的改进。相应地，本申请的各个方面可以完全由硬件执行、可以完全由软件(包括固件、常驻软件、微码等)执行、也可以由硬件和软件组合执行。以上硬件或软件均可被称为“数据块”、“模块”、“引擎”、“单元”、“组件”或“系统”。此外，本申请的各方面可能表现为位于一个或多个计算机可读介质中的计 算机产品，该产品包括计算机可读程序编码。
计算机存储介质可能包含一个内含有计算机程序编码的传播数据信号，例如在基带上或作为载波的一部分。该传播信号可能有多种表现形式，包括电磁形式、光形式等，或合适的组合形式。计算机存储介质可以是除计算机可读存储介质之外的任何计算机可读介质，该介质可以通过连接至一个指令执行系统、装置或设备以实现通讯、传播或传输供使用的程序。位于计算机存储介质上的程序编码可以通过任何合适的介质进行传播，包括无线电、电缆、光纤电缆、RF、或类似介质，或任何上述介质的组合。
本申请各部分操作所需的计算机程序编码可以用任意一种或多种程序语言编写，包括面向对象编程语言如Java、Scala、Smalltalk、Eiffel、JADE、Emerald、C++、C#、VB.NET、Python等，常规程序化编程语言如C语言、Visual Basic、Fortran 2003、Perl、COBOL 2002、PHP、ABAP，动态编程语言如Python、Ruby和Groovy，或其他编程语言等。该程序编码可以完全在用户计算机上运行、或作为独立的软件包在用户计算机上运行、或部分在用户计算机上运行部分在远程计算机运行、或完全在远程计算机或服务器上运行。在后种情况下，远程计算机可以通过任何网络形式与用户计算机连接，比如局域网(LAN)或广域网(WAN)，或连接至外部计算机(例如通过因特网)，或在云计算环境中，或作为服务使用如软件即服务(SaaS)。
此外，除非权利要求中明确说明，本申请所述处理元素和序列的顺序、数字字母的使用、或其他名称的使用，并非用于限定本申请流程和方法的顺序。尽管上述披露中通过各种示例讨论了一些目前认为有用的发明实施例，但应当理解的是，该类细节仅起到说明的目的，附加的权利要求并不仅限于披露的实施例，相反，权利要求旨在覆盖所有符合本申请实施例实质和范围的修正和等价组合。例如，虽然以上所描述的系统组件可以通过硬件设备实现，但是也可以只通过软件的解决方案得以实现，如在现 有的服务器或移动设备上安装所描述的系统。
同理，应当注意的是，为了简化本申请披露的表述，从而帮助对一个或多个发明实施例的理解，前文对本申请实施例的描述中，有时会将多种特征归并至一个实施例、附图或对其的描述中。但是，这种披露方法并不意味着本申请对象所需要的特征比权利要求中提及的特征多。实际上，实施例的特征要少于上述披露的单个实施例的全部特征。
一些实施例中使用了描述成分、属性数量的数字，应当理解的是，此类用于实施例描述的数字，在一些示例中使用了修饰词“大约”、“近似”或“大体上”来修饰。除非另外说明，“大约”、“近似”或“大体上”表明所述数字允许有±20％的变化。相应地，在一些实施例中，说明书和权利要求中使用的数值参数均为近似值，该近似值根据个别实施例所需特点可以发生改变。在一些实施例中，数值参数应考虑规定的有效数位并采用一般位数保留的方法。尽管本申请一些实施例中用于确认其范围广度的数值域和参数为近似值，在具体实施例中，此类数值的设定在可行范围内尽可能精确。
针对本申请引用的每个专利、专利申请、专利申请公开物和其他材料，如文章、书籍、说明书、出版物、文档等，特此将其全部内容并入本申请作为参考。与本申请内容不一致或产生冲突的申请历史文件除外，对本申请权利要求最广范围有限制的文件(当前或之后附加于本申请中的)也除外。需要说明的是，如果本申请附属材料中的描述、定义、和/或术语的使用与本申请所述内容有不一致或冲突的地方，以本申请的描述、定义和/或术语的使用为准。
最后，应当理解的是，本申请中所述实施例仅用以说明本申请实施例的原则。其他的变形也可能属于本申请的范围。因此，作为示例而非限制，本申请实施例的替代配置可视为与本申请的教导一致。相应地，本申 请的实施例不仅限于本申请明确介绍和描述的实施例。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种声学输出装置，其特征在于，包括：
    声学驱动器，所述声学驱动器包括振膜和磁路结构，所述振膜背朝所述磁路结构的一侧形成所述声学驱动器的正面，所述磁路结构背朝所述振膜的一侧形成所述声学驱动器的背面，所述振膜振动使得所述声学驱动器分别从其正面和背面向外辐射声音；以及
    壳体结构，被配置为承载所述声学驱动器，其中，所述声学驱动器的背面与所述壳体结构形成后腔，所述后腔的不同侧壁之间通过曲面结构相连；
    所述壳体结构包括至少一个出声孔，所述至少一个出声孔与所述后腔声学耦合，并将所述声学驱动器向所述后腔辐射的声音导出到所述声学输出装置的外部，其中，所述至少一个出声孔位于所述后腔的至少部分侧壁上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述后腔的不同侧壁包括至少一个第一侧壁和第二侧壁；其中，所述至少一个第一侧壁位于所述壳体结构的周侧，所述第二侧壁与所述声学驱动器的背面相对设置，所述至少一个第一侧壁远离声学驱动器的一端与所述第二侧壁的端部通过所述曲面结构连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个出声孔位于所述至少一个第一侧壁。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个出声孔包括第一出声孔和第二出声孔，所述第一出声孔和所述第二出声孔位于所述至少一个第一侧壁上，且所述第一出声孔与所述第二出声孔的相对设置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述第二出声孔的横截面积不大于所述第一出声孔的横截面积。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个出声孔的横截面积不小于0.25mm 2。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个出声孔处设有声阻尼结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述磁路结构包括与所述振膜相对设置的导磁板，所述导磁板上包括至少一个第三出声孔，所述至少一个第三出声孔将所述振膜振动产生的声音从所述声学驱动器的背面导出。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个第三 出声孔处沿远离所述振膜的方向设有导声管，所述导声管将从所述至少一个第三出声孔处辐射的声音导出到所述后腔中。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个第三出声孔包括由内至外依次设置的第一孔部和第二孔部，所述第一孔部和所述第二孔部贯通，且所述第二孔部的直径大于所述第一孔部的直径。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述振膜的形状为平面或近似平面。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述振膜通过折环固定在所述声学驱动器上，所述折环向远离所述后腔的方向凹陷。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述声学驱动器的正面还设有相对所述振膜设置的保护结构。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述保护结构被配置为将所述振膜与外界分隔，且能够将振膜发出的声音传播至外界。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述保护结构包 括滤网结构。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述保护结构包括带有至少一个出声孔的板体结构。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述声学驱动器的正面与所述壳体结构形成前腔，所述壳体结构包括至少一个第四导声孔，所述第四导声孔将所述振膜产生的声音从所述声学驱动器的正面导出到所述声学输出装置的外部。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的声学输出装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个第四出声孔处设有声阻尼结构。
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