WO2022009791A1 - 潤滑油組成物、緩衝器、及び潤滑油組成物の使用方法 - Google Patents
潤滑油組成物、緩衝器、及び潤滑油組成物の使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022009791A1 WO2022009791A1 PCT/JP2021/025094 JP2021025094W WO2022009791A1 WO 2022009791 A1 WO2022009791 A1 WO 2022009791A1 JP 2021025094 W JP2021025094 W JP 2021025094W WO 2022009791 A1 WO2022009791 A1 WO 2022009791A1
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- lubricating oil
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
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- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004365 octenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid di-n-butyl ester Natural products CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013636 polyphenyl ether polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical group [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005063 tetradecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005040 tridecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010723 turbine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005065 undecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
- C10M137/105—Thio derivatives not containing metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
- C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/086—Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition, a shock absorber using the lubricating oil composition, and a method of using the lubricating oil composition.
- the shock absorber (shock absorber) is used by filling it with a lubricant composition for a shock absorber to generate a damping force that damps the vibration of the vehicle body, and optimizes the friction characteristics of the sliding parts to improve the riding comfort of the vehicle body. It is a mechanism mounted on the vehicle body for the purpose of controlling and suppressing frictional wear of sliding parts to ensure durability.
- Various buffer lubricating oil compositions that can be suitably used for such shock absorbers have been developed.
- Patent Document 1 describes a non-dispersion poly (meth) acrylate-based viscosity modifier, primary zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, and secondary zinc dialkyldithiophosphate in a lubricating oil base oil having a predetermined kinematic viscosity.
- an invention relating to a lubricating oil composition for a shock absorber containing the above in a predetermined content ratio.
- the lubricating oil composition for shock absorbers as disclosed in Patent Document 1 is required to further improve its performance. Therefore, under such circumstances, there is a demand for a novel lubricating oil composition that can be more preferably applied to lubrication of a shock absorber.
- the present invention provides a lubricating oil composition used for lubricating a shock absorber, which contains a base oil, zinc dithiophosphate, and an alkenyl succinimide.
- the present invention provides the following aspects [1] to [9].
- [1] A lubricating oil composition containing a base oil (A), zinc dithiophosphate (B), and alkenyl succinimide (C), which is used for lubricating a shock absorber.
- the lubricating oil composition of one preferred embodiment of the present invention is excellent in various properties required for the lubricating oil composition for shock absorbers such as thermal stability, wear resistance, and steering stability, and is particularly suitable. Since the lubricating oil composition is excellent in all of the properties of thermal stability, wear resistance, and steering stability of the shock absorber, it can be suitably applied to lubrication of the shock absorber.
- kinematic viscosity and viscosity index mean values measured or calculated in accordance with JIS K2283: 2000.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the number average molecular weight (Mn) are values in terms of standard polystyrene measured by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method, and are specifically described in Examples.
- the content of zinc atom and phosphorus atom means the value measured according to JPI-5S-38-2003
- the content of sulfur atom is measured according to JIS K2541-6. It means a value
- the content of a nitrogen atom means a value measured according to JIS K2609.
- the upper limit value and the lower limit value can be arbitrarily combined.
- the numerical range is described as “preferably 30 to 100, more preferably 40 to 80”
- the range of "30 to 80” and the range of "40 to 100” are also described in the present specification. It is included in the numerical range.
- the numerical range is described as "preferably 30 or more, more preferably 40 or more, preferably 100 or less, more preferably 80 or less”
- the range and the range of "40-100” are also included in the numerical range described herein.
- the description of "60 to 100” means that the range is "60 or more and 100 or less”.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains a base oil (A), zinc dithiophosphate (B), and an alkenyl succinimide (C).
- A base oil
- B zinc dithiophosphate
- C alkenyl succinimide
- the present inventors have improved the steering stability of the wear-resistant shock absorber by blending alkenyl succinimide together with zinc dithiophosphate, and at the same time, use it in a high temperature environment. It was found that the generation of sludge can be suppressed and the lubricating oil composition can be adjusted to have excellent thermal stability.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention was made based on this finding.
- the content ratio [Zn / N] of the zinc atom and the nitrogen atom derived from the component (C) is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, still more preferably 1.0 or more, and further. It is preferably 1.5 or more, particularly preferably 2.0 or more, and may be 2.2 or more, 2.5 or more, 2.7 or more, 3.0 or more, or 3.2 or more, and also.
- It is preferably 150 or less, more preferably 100 or less, still more preferably 50 or less, still more preferably 30 or less, particularly preferably 15 or less, and further 12 or less, 10 or less, 9.0 or less, 8.0 or less, 7.5 or less, 7.0 or less, 6.8 or less, 6.5 or less, 6.2 or less, 6.0 or less, 5.8 or less, 5.5 or less, 5.2 or less, 5.0 or less, It may be 4.8 or less, 4.5 or less, or 4.2 or less.
- the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention preferably further contains an extreme pressure agent (D) containing at least one of a sulfur atom and a phosphorus atom. Further, the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention may further contain one or more selected from the antioxidant (E), the viscosity index improver (F), and the friction modifier (G). If necessary, additives for lubricating oil other than the components (B) to (G) may be further contained as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- D extreme pressure agent
- the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention may further contain one or more selected from the antioxidant (E), the viscosity index improver (F), and the friction modifier (G). If necessary, additives for lubricating oil other than the components (B) to (G) may be further contained as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the total content of the components (A) to (C) is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 50% by mass or more, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition.
- the total content of the components (A) to (D) is preferably 52% by mass or more based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition. More preferably 57% by mass or more, more preferably 62% by mass or more, more preferably 67% by mass or more, still more preferably 72% by mass or more, still more preferably 77% by mass or more, still more preferably 82% by mass or more, more. More preferably 87% by mass or more, particularly preferably 92% by mass or more, and 100% by mass or less, 99.9% by mass or less, 99.5% by mass or less, 99.0% by mass or less, 98.5% by mass. % Or less, or 98.0% by mass or less.
- the total content of the components (A) to (G) is preferably 55% by mass or more based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition. More preferably 60% by mass or more, more preferably 65% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, still more preferably 75% by mass or more, still more preferably 80% by mass or more, still more preferably 85% by mass or more, more. More preferably 90% by mass or more, particularly preferably 95% by mass or more, and 100% by mass or less, 99.9% by mass or less, 99.5% by mass or less, 99.0% by mass or less, 98.5% by mass. % Or less, or 98.0% by mass or less.
- Base oil examples include one or more selected from mineral oils and synthetic oils.
- Mineral oils include, for example, normal pressure residual oil obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oils such as paraffin crude oil, intermediate base crude oil, and naphthenic crude oil; and distillate oil obtained by vacuum distillation of these normal pressure residual oils. ; Refined oil obtained by subjecting the distillate oil to one or more refining treatments such as solvent removal, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, and hydrorefining; and the like.
- Examples of the synthetic oil include poly such as an ⁇ -olefin homopolymer or an ⁇ -olefin copolymer (for example, an ⁇ -olefin copolymer having 8 to 14 carbon atoms such as an ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer).
- Examples thereof include synthetic oil (GTL) obtained by isomerizing the produced wax (GTL wax (GasToLiquidsWAX)).
- the component (A) used in one embodiment of the present invention includes mineral oils classified into Group 2 and Group 3 of the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil category, and one or more selected from synthetic oils. Is preferable.
- the kinematic viscosity of the component (A) used in one aspect of the present invention at 40 ° C. is preferably 5.0 to 100 mm 2 / s, more preferably 7.0 to 80 mm 2 / s, still more preferably 10.0 to 60 mm. It is 2 / s, more preferably 12.0 to 45 mm 2 / s.
- the viscosity index of the component (A) used in one aspect of the present invention is appropriately set according to the use of the lubricating oil composition, but is preferably 70 or more, more preferably 80 or more, still more preferably 90 or more. It is even more preferably 100 or more, and particularly preferably 110 or more.
- the kinematic viscosity and the viscosity index of the mixed oil are preferably in the above ranges.
- the content of the component (A) is preferably 40% by mass or more, more preferably 50% by mass or more, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition. It is more preferably 60% by mass or more, further preferably 70% by mass or more, particularly preferably 80% by mass or more, and further preferably 82% by mass or more, 85% by mass or more, 87% by mass or more, 90% by mass or more. , 92% by mass or more, preferably 99.5% by mass or less, more preferably 99.0% by mass or less, still more preferably 98.5% by mass or less, still more preferably 98.0% by mass. Hereinafter, it is particularly preferably 97.0% by mass or less.
- the content ratio of the mineral oil is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 50% by mass or more, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the component (A) contained in the lubricating oil composition. Is 60% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, still more preferably 75% by mass or more, particularly preferably 80% by mass or more, and further, 82% by mass or more, 85% by mass or more, 87% by mass or more. It may be 90% by mass or more, or 92% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the mineral oil content can be set as appropriate, and the content ratio is 100% by mass or less and 99.5% by mass or less based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the component (A) contained in the lubricating oil composition. , 99.0% by mass or less, 98.5% by mass or less, 98.0% by mass or less, 97.0% by mass or less, or 95.0% by mass or less.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains zinc dithiophosphate as a component (B).
- a lubricating oil composition having improved wear resistance and steering stability of the shock absorber can be obtained.
- the component (B) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the component (B) used in one embodiment of the present invention include compounds represented by the following general formula (b-1).
- R 1 to R 4 independently represent hydrocarbon groups and may be the same or different from each other.
- the number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group that can be selected as R 1 to R 4 is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 16, still more preferably 1 to 12, and even more preferably 3 to 10.
- Alkyl group such as group, phenyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, tetradecyl group, pentadecyl group, hexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, octadecyl group; octenyl group, nonenyl group, decenyl group, undecenyl group, dodecenyl group, tridecenyl group, tetradecenyl group.
- Alkenyl groups such as pentadecenyl group; cycloalkyl groups such as cyclohexyl group, dimethylcyclohexyl group, ethylcyclohexyl group, propylcyclohexyl group, butylcyclohexyl group and heptylcyclohexyl group; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as methylcyclohexylmethyl group and cyclohexylethyl group.
- Aryl group such as phenyl group, naphthyl group, anthracenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group; alkylaryl group such as tolyl group, dimethylphenyl group, butylphenyl group, nonylphenyl group, methylbenzyl group, dimethylnaphthyl group ;
- An arylalkyl group such as a phenylmethyl group, a phenylethyl group, or a diphenylmethyl group can be mentioned.
- an alkyl group is preferable as the hydrocarbon group that can be selected as R 1 to R 4.
- the content of the component (B) in terms of zinc atom is based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition, while further improving the wear resistance.
- it is preferably 0.005% by mass or more, more preferably 0.01% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.02% by mass or more, and more. It is more preferably 0.03% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.04% by mass or more, and further preferably 0.05% by mass or more, 0.06% by mass or more, or 0.07% by mass or more.
- a lubricating oil composition that can more efficiently exhibit the sludge suppressing effect of the dispersant while improving the thermal stability, it is preferably 1.0% by mass or less, more preferably 0.70% by mass or less. More preferably 0.50% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.30% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0.12% by mass or less, and further preferably 0.11% by mass or less, 0.10% by mass or less. Alternatively, it may be 0.09% by mass or less.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains alkenyl succinimide as a component (C).
- the component (C) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- alkenylsuccinic acid monoimide represented by the following general formula (c-1) and alkenylsuccinic acid bisimide represented by the following general formula (c-2) are used. Can be mentioned.
- RA , RA1 and RA2 are independently alkenyl groups having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 500 to 3000.
- alkenyl group include a polybutenyl group, a polyisobutenyl group, an ethylene-propylene copolymer and the like, and a polybutenyl group or a polyisobutenyl group is preferable.
- R B, R B1 and R B2 are each independently an alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- RC and RC1 are independent hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or groups represented by-(AO) n- H (however, A is an independent group having carbon atoms. It is an alkylene group of 2 to 4 and n is an integer of 1 to 10).
- x1 is an integer of 1 to 10, preferably an integer of 2 to 5, and more preferably 3 or 4.
- x2 is an integer of 0 to 10, preferably an integer of 1 to 5, and more preferably an integer of 2 to 4.
- the alkenyl succinimide used as the component (C) in one aspect of the present invention may be a non-modified alkenyl succinimide or a boron-modified alkenyl succinimide.
- the boron-modified alkenyl succinimide include a boron-modified product of the alkenyl succinic acid monoimide represented by the general formula (c-1) and a alkenyl succinate bisimide represented by the following general formula (c-2). Boron modified product of.
- the ratio [B / N] of the boron atom to the nitrogen atom constituting the component (C) used in one embodiment of the present invention is 0.01 by mass ratio. It may be 0.05 or more, 0.1 or more, 0.2 or more, or 0.3 or more, and 0.95 or less, 0.90 or less, 0.85 or less, 0.80 or less, It may be 0.75 or less, or 0.70 or less.
- the content of the boron atom derived from the component (C) is the total mass (100) of the lubricating oil composition. By mass%), it may be 0.001% by mass or more, 0.005% by mass or more, or 0.01% by mass or more, and 0.20% by mass or less, 0.15% by mass or less, or It may be 0.10% by mass or less.
- the content of a boron atom means a value measured according to JPI-5S-38-2003.
- the base value of the component (C) used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 0 to 200 mgKOH / g, more preferably 5 to 150 mgKOH / g, still more preferably 10 to 100 mgKOH / g, still more preferably 15 to 80 mgKOH / g. g, particularly preferably 20 to 50 mgKOH / g.
- the base value means a value measured according to the perchloric acid method of JIS K2501: 2003.
- the content of the component (C) in terms of nitrogen atom is based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition, even when used in a high temperature environment.
- it is preferably 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.005% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.007% by mass or more, still more preferably.
- a lubricating oil composition having excellent wear resistance it is preferably 0.09% by mass or less, more preferably 0.08% by mass or less, still more preferably 0. .07% by mass or less, more preferably 0.06% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0.05% by mass or less, and further 0.045% by mass or less, 0.04% by mass or less, or 0.035% by mass. It may be less than%.
- the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention may contain an ashless dispersant other than the component (C) as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired.
- ashless dispersants include monoimide succinate, bisimide succinate, benzylamine, succinate ester, and boron-modified products thereof.
- the content of the ashless dispersant other than the component (C) is 100 parts by mass in total of the component (C) contained in the lubricating oil composition.
- it is preferably 0 to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 0 to 30 parts by mass, still more preferably 0 to 10 parts by mass, still more preferably 0 to 5 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 0 to 1 part by mass.
- the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention preferably further contains an extreme pressure agent containing at least one of a sulfur atom and a phosphorus atom as the component (D).
- an extreme pressure agent containing at least one of a sulfur atom and a phosphorus atom as the component (D).
- the component (D) can also be a factor in the generation of sludge when used in a high temperature environment.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains the component (C), the generation of sludge caused by the component (D) can be effectively suppressed, and the lubricating oil composition has excellent thermal stability. It can be a thing.
- the component (D) used in one embodiment of the present invention includes a phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent containing a phosphorus atom, a phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent containing a sulfur atom, and a sulfur-phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent containing a sulfur atom and a phosphorus atom. Can be mentioned. These components (D) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, these extreme pressure agents may be in the form of amine salts.
- Examples of the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent include neutral phosphates such as aryl phosphate, alkyl phosphate, alkenyl phosphate, and alkyl aryl phosphate; monoaryl acid phosphate, diallyl acid phosphate, monoalkyl acid phosphate, dialkyl acid phosphate, and monoalkenyl phosphate.
- neutral phosphates such as aryl phosphate, alkyl phosphate, alkenyl phosphate, and alkyl aryl phosphate
- monoaryl acid phosphate diallyl acid phosphate, monoalkyl acid phosphate, dialkyl acid phosphate, and monoalkenyl phosphate.
- Acid phosphates such as acid phosphates and dialkenyl acid phosphates; amine salts of the acidic phosphate esters; arylhydrogen phosphite, alkylhydrogen phosphite, arylphosphite, alkylphosphite, alkenylphosphite, arylalkylphosphite, etc.
- Acid subphosphates such as monoalkyl acid phosphite, dialkyl acid phosphite, monoalkenyl acid phosphite, dialkenyl acid phosphite; amine salts of the acidic subphosphates; etc. ..
- sulfur-based extreme pressure agent examples include sulfurized fats and oils, sulfurized fatty acids, sulfurized esters, sulfurized olefins, monosulfides, polysulfides, dihydrocarbylpolysulfides, thiadiazoles, alkylthiocarbamoyls, thiocarbamate, dithiocarbamate, thioterpenes, dialkylthiodipropionates and the like. Can be mentioned.
- sulfur-phosphorus extreme pressure agent examples include monothiophosphate ester, dithiophosphate ester, trithiophosphate ester, monothiophosphate ester, dithio-phosphate ester, trithio-phosphate ester, and amine salts thereof. Be done.
- the component (D) used in one aspect of the present invention may contain a phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent from the viewpoint of obtaining a lubricating oil composition having improved wear resistance and thermal stability in a well-balanced manner.
- the content ratio of the phosphorus-based extreme pressure agent in the component (D) is the total amount (100% by mass) of the component (D) contained in the lubricating oil composition. ), More preferably 30 to 100% by mass, more preferably 40 to 100% by mass, more preferably 50 to 100% by mass, still more preferably 60 to 100% by mass, still more preferably 70 to 100% by mass, and more. It is more preferably 80 to 100% by mass, and particularly preferably 90 to 100% by mass.
- the content of the component (D) is a lubricating oil composition having further improved wear resistance based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition. From the viewpoint, it is preferably 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.005% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.01% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.02% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 0.03% by mass.
- the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention may contain an antioxidant as the component (E).
- the component (E) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the component (E) used in one embodiment of the present invention include a phenol-based antioxidant, an amine-based antioxidant, a molybdenum-based antioxidant, and the like.
- phenolic antioxidant examples include 2,6-di-t-butylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol, and the like.
- amine-based antioxidant examples include diphenylamine-based antioxidants such as diphenylamine and alkylated diphenylamine having an alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms; ⁇ -naphthylamine, phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine, and alkyl having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- diphenylamine-based antioxidants such as diphenylamine and alkylated diphenylamine having an alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms; ⁇ -naphthylamine, phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine, and alkyl having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- naphthylamine-based antioxidants having a group such as substituted phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine; and the like.
- molybdenum-based antioxidant examples include a molybdenum amine complex formed by reacting molybdenum trioxide and / or molybdic acid with an amine compound.
- the content of the component (E) is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.01% by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition. It is 0.05 to 7% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass, and even more preferably 0.2 to 3% by mass.
- the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention may contain a viscosity index improver as the component (F).
- the component (F) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the component (F) used in one embodiment of the present invention include olefin-based copolymers such as ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymers, and polymethacrylates having at least a structural unit derived from alkyl acrylates or alkyl methacrylates. Can be mentioned.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the component (F) used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 5,000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 10,000 to 800,000, still more preferably 30,000 to. It is 700,000, more preferably 50,000 to 600,000.
- the content of the component (F) is preferably 0.01 to 15% by mass, more preferably 0, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition. .1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5.0% by mass, still more preferably 1.0 to 3.0% by mass.
- the resin component such as the viscosity index improver is often marketed in the form of a solution dissolved in the diluted oil.
- the content of the resin component such as the viscosity index improver is the content converted into the resin component (solid content) excluding the mass of the diluted oil in the solution diluted with the diluted oil. be.
- the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention may contain a friction modifier as the component (G).
- the component (G) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the component (G) used in one embodiment of the present invention include molybdenum-based friction modifiers such as molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC) and molybdenum dithiophosphate (MoDTP); aliphatic amines, fatty acid esters, fatty acids, and aliphatic alcohols.
- An ashless friction modifier such as an aliphatic ether; and the like.
- the component (G) used in one aspect of the present invention preferably contains a fatty acid ester.
- the fatty acid ester include partial ester compounds having one or more hydroxyl groups, such as a partial ester compound obtained by reacting a fatty acid with an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol.
- Examples of the fatty acid constituting the fatty acid ester include saturated fatty acids such as caproic acid, capric acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, araquinic acid, behenic acid, and lignoseric acid; , Unsaturated fatty acids such as palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, and linolenic acid;
- the aliphatic polyhydric alcohol constituting the fatty acid ester is preferably a dihydric to hexahydric polyhydric alcohol, and specific examples thereof include ethylene glycol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and sorbitol.
- the content of the component (G) is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition. It is 0.05 to 7% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass, and even more preferably 0.2 to 3% by mass.
- the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention may further contain additives for lubricating oil other than the components (B) to (G), if necessary, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- additives for a lubricating oil include a pour point lowering agent, a metal-based cleaning agent, an anti-emulsifier, a metal inactivating agent, a rust preventive, an antifoaming agent, a coloring agent and the like. These lubricant additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- each of these additives for lubricating oil can be appropriately adjusted within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention, but each addition is based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition. Independently for each agent, it is preferably 0.0001 to 15% by mass, more preferably 0.0005 to 10% by mass, and further preferably 0.001 to 5% by mass.
- the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention may be a lubricating oil composition containing oleic acid or a lubricating oil composition not containing oleic acid.
- the content of oleic acid is less than 5.0% by mass (100% by mass) based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition, and is less than 4.0% by mass. Less than 0% by mass, less than 2.0% by mass, less than 1.0% by mass, less than 0.5% by mass, less than 0.1% by mass, less than 0.05% by mass, less than 0.01% by mass, 0.005 It may be less than mass% or less than 0.001 mass%.
- the method for producing the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of productivity, the components (A), the components (B) to (C), and, if necessary, may be used. It is preferable that the method comprises a step of blending the components (D) to (G) and other additives for lubricating oil. From the viewpoint of compatibility with the component (A), it is preferable that the resin component such as the component (F) is in the form of a solution dissolved in the diluted oil, and the solution is blended with the component (A).
- the kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention at 40 ° C. is preferably 5.0 to 130 mm 2 / s, more preferably 6.5 to 100 mm 2 / s, still more preferably 8.0 to 100 mm 2. / S, more preferably 10.0 to 70 mm 2 / s, and particularly preferably 12.0 to 50 mm 2 / s.
- the viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention is preferably 90 or more, more preferably 100 or more, still more preferably 110 or more, still more preferably 130 or more, and particularly preferably 150 or more.
- the lubricating oil composition has further improved wear resistance. It is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.03% by mass or more, further preferably 0.05% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.08% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or more. Further, it may be 0.11% by mass or more, or 0.12% by mass or more, and is preferably 1.0% by mass or less from the viewpoint of obtaining a lubricating oil composition having good thermal stability.
- It is preferably 0.8% by mass or less, more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, still more preferably 0.4% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0.3% by mass or less, and further preferably 0.27% by mass or less. , 0.25% by mass or less, 0.23% by mass or less, 0.22% by mass or less, 0.21% by mass or less, or 0.20% by mass or less.
- the content of the phosphorus atom in the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention is based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition, from the viewpoint of obtaining a lubricating oil composition having further improved wear resistance. It is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.02% by mass or more, further preferably 0.03% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.04% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 0.05% by mass or more. Further, it may be 0.055% by mass or more, 0.06% by mass or more, 0.065% by mass or more, or 0.070% by mass or more, and more preferably 2.0% by mass or less, more preferably.
- It is 1.5% by mass or less, more preferably 1.2% by mass or less, still more preferably 1.0% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0.085% by mass or less, and further preferably 0.082% by mass or less, 0. It may be .080% by mass or less, or 0.078% by mass or less.
- the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention is excellent in properties such as thermal stability, wear resistance, and steering stability of a shock absorber.
- the amount of sludge measured when a thermal stability test according to the description of Examples described later is carried out on the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention is preferable. Is 200 mg or less, more preferably 150 mg or less, still more preferably 100 mg or less, still more preferably 50 mg or less, and particularly preferably 30 mg or less. It can be said that the smaller the value of the sludge amount, the more excellent the thermal stability of the lubricating oil composition.
- the wear scar diameter measured when the wear resistance test according to the description of Examples described later is carried out on the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention is preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 470 ⁇ m or less. It is more preferably 450 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 440 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 420 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, 395 ⁇ m or less, or 390 ⁇ m or less. It can be said that the smaller the value of the wear mark diameter is, the more excellent the wear resistance is in the lubricating oil composition.
- the maximum dynamic friction coefficient between the rubber material and the chromium material measured when the rubber friction test according to the description of Examples described later is carried out is preferable. It is 0.26 or more, more preferably 0.27 or more, still more preferably 0.28 or more, still more preferably 0.30 or more, and particularly preferably 0.31 or more. It can be said that the larger the value of the maximum dynamic friction coefficient is, the more the lubricating oil composition is excellent in the operational stability of the shock absorber.
- the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention has the above-mentioned characteristics, it can be suitably applied to lubrication of a shock absorber. More specifically, the lubricating oil composition according to one aspect of the present invention can be used for both a double-cylinder shock absorber and a single-cylinder shock absorber, and can be used for both two-wheel and four-wheel shock absorbers. Can also be suitably used. Further, since the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention has a particularly high maximum dynamic friction coefficient between the rubber material and the chromium material, at least the rubber oil seal and the sliding portion in contact with the oil seal are at least.
- the present invention may also provide the following [1] and [2].
- the lubricating oil composition of one aspect of the present invention has the above-mentioned characteristics, in addition to the lubricating oil for shock absorbers, for example, hydraulic hydraulic oil, hydraulic oil for construction machinery, power steering oil, turbine oil, etc. It can also be suitably applied to compressor oil, lubricating oil for machine tools, cutting oil, gear oil, fluid bearing oil, rolling bearing oil and the like.
- Examples 1 to 6 Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Various additives were blended with the base oil according to the types and blending amounts shown in Table 1, and lubricating oil compositions were prepared respectively.
- the blending amounts of the various additives shown in Table 1 are the blending amounts in terms of active ingredients (solid content equivalent) excluding the mass of the diluted oil, even if they are blended in a state of being dissolved in the diluted oil. It is described.
- the details of the base oil and various additives used for preparing each lubricating oil composition are as follows.
- ⁇ Component (D): Extreme pressure agent> -"P-based extreme pressure agent”: a mixture of hydrogen phosphite diester and hydrogen phosphite monoester, phosphorus atom (P) content 1.3% by mass.
- ⁇ Component (F): Viscosity index improver> -"PMA”: Polymethacrylate with Mw 540,000.
- the prepared lubricating oil composition was measured or calculated for 40 ° C. kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, and content of each atom according to the above method, and the following evaluation was performed. These results are shown in Table 1.
Abstract
Description
このような緩衝器に好適に使用し得る緩衝器用潤滑油組成物が様々開発されている。
例えば、特許文献1には、所定の動粘度の潤滑油基油に、非分散型のポリ(メタ)アクリレート系粘度調整剤、第一級ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛と、第二級ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛とを所定の含有量比で含有した、緩衝器用潤滑油組成物に関する発明が開示されている。
[1]基油(A)、ジチオリン酸亜鉛(B)、及び、アルケニルコハク酸イミド(C)を含有する、緩衝器の潤滑に用いられる、潤滑油組成物。
[2]成分(C)の窒素原子換算での含有量が、前記潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、0.001~0.09質量%である、上記[1]に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[3]成分(B)の亜鉛原子換算での含有量が、前記潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、0.005~1.0質量%である、上記[1]又は[2]に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[4]さらに、硫黄原子及びリン原子の少なくとも一方を含む極圧剤(D)を含有する、上記[1]~[3]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[5]成分(B)に由来する亜鉛原子と、成分(C)に由来する窒素原子との含有量比〔Zn/N〕が、0.1~150である、上記[1]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[6]前記潤滑油組成物中のリン原子の含有量が、当該潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、0.01~2.0質量%である、上記[1]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[7]前記潤滑油組成物中の硫黄原子の含有量が、当該潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、0.01~1.0質量%である、上記[1]~[6]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
[8]上記[1]~[7]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物を充填した、緩衝器。
[9]上記[1]~[7]のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物を緩衝器の潤滑に適用する、潤滑油組成物の使用。
本明細書において、重量平均分子量(Mw)及び数平均分子量(Mn)は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)法で測定される標準ポリスチレン換算の値であり、具体的には実施例に記載の方法により測定された値を意味する。
本明細書において、亜鉛原子及びリン原子の含有量は、JPI-5S-38-2003に準拠して測定した値を意味し、硫黄原子の含有量は、JIS K2541-6に準拠して測定した値を意味し、窒素原子の含有量は、JIS K2609に準拠して測定した値を意味する。
加えて、本明細書に記載された数値範囲として、例えば「60~100」との記載は、「60以上、100以下」という範囲であることを意味する。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、基油(A)、ジチオリン酸亜鉛(B)、及び、アルケニルコハク酸イミド(C)を含有する。
緩衝器に用いられる潤滑油組成物において、ジチオリン酸亜鉛を配合することで、耐摩耗性を良好としつつ、緩衝器の操縦安定性を向上させることができる。しかしながら、本発明者の検討によれば、ジチオリン酸亜鉛を含む潤滑油組成物を高温化で使用すると、当該潤滑油組成物の熱劣化に伴い、ジチオリン酸亜鉛に起因したスラッジが析出し易くなることが分かった。緩衝器内にスラッジが析出すると、バルブ部のつまり等を引き起こし、緩衝器の性能を十分に発揮できなくなる恐れがある。そのような問題に対して、本発明者らは、ジチオリン酸亜鉛と共に、アルケニルコハク酸イミドを配合することで、耐摩耗性の緩衝器の操縦安定性を向上させると共に、高温環境下での使用に際してもスラッジの発生を抑制でき、さらに、熱安定性に優れた潤滑油組成物に調整し得るという知見を得た。本発明の潤滑油組成物は、この知見に基づいてなされたものである。
また、本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物は、酸化防止剤(E)、粘度指数向上剤(F)、及び摩擦調整剤(G)から選ばれる1種以上をさらに含有してもよく、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、必要に応じて、成分(B)~(G)以外の他の潤滑油用添加剤をさらに含有してもよい。
本発明の一態様で用いる成分(A)である基油としては、鉱油及び合成油から選ばれる1種以上が挙げられる。
鉱油としては、例えば、パラフィン系原油、中間基系原油、ナフテン系原油等の原油を常圧蒸留して得られる常圧残油;これらの常圧残油を減圧蒸留して得られる留出油;当該留出油を、溶剤脱れき、溶剤抽出、水素化分解、溶剤脱ろう、接触脱ろう、及び水素化精製等の精製処理を1つ以上施して得られる精製油;等が挙げられる。
なお、本発明の一態様において、成分(A)として、2種以上の基油を組み合わせた混合油を用いる場合、当該混合油の動粘度及び粘度指数が上記範囲であることが好ましい。
なお、鉱油の含有割合は、上限値の制限は適宜設定でき、当該潤滑油組成物に含まれる成分(A)の全量(100質量%)基準で、100質量%以下、99.5質量%以下、99.0質量%以下、98.5質量%以下、98.0質量%以下、97.0質量%以下、又は95.0質量%以下としてもよい。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、成分(B)として、ジチオリン酸亜鉛を含有する。成分(B)を含有することで、耐摩耗性及び緩衝器の操縦安定性を向上させた潤滑油組成物とすることができる。
なお、成分(B)は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
R1~R4として選択し得る炭化水素基の炭素数は、好ましくは1~20、より好ましくは1~16、更に好ましくは1~12、より更に好ましくは3~10である。
これらの中でも、R1~R4として選択し得る前記炭化水素基としては、アルキル基が好ましい。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、成分(C)として、アルケニルコハク酸イミドを含有する。成分(C)を含有することで、高温環境下での使用に際してもスラッジの発生を抑制でき、熱安定性に優れた潤滑油組成物とすることができる。
なお、成分(C)は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
RB、RB1及びRB2は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数2~5のアルキレン基である。
RC及びRC1は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、又は-(AO)n-Hで表される基(ただし、Aは、それぞれ独立して、炭素数2~4のアルキレン基であり、nは1~10の整数である)である。
x1は、1~10の整数であり、好ましくは2~5の整数、より好ましくは3又は4である。
x2は、0~10の整数であり、好ましくは1~5の整数、より好ましくは2~4の整数である。
ホウ素変性アルケニルコハク酸イミドとしては、例えば、前記一般式(c-1)で表されるアルケニルコハク酸モノイミドのホウ素変性物、及び、下記一般式(c-2)で表されるアルケニルコハク酸ビスイミドのホウ素変性物が挙げられる。
なお、本明細書において、ホウ素原子の含有量は、JPI-5S-38-2003に準拠して測定した値を意味する。
なお、本明細書において、塩基価は、JIS K2501:2003の過塩素酸法に準拠して測定した値を意味する。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、成分(C)以外の他の無灰系分散剤を含有してもよい。
このような他の無灰系分散剤としては、例えば、コハク酸モノイミド、コハク酸ビスイミド、ベンジルアミン、コハク酸エステル、及びこれらのホウ素変性物等が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物は、成分(D)として、硫黄原子及びリン原子の少なくとも一方を含む極圧剤をさらに含有することが好ましい。
成分(D)を含有することで、耐摩耗性をより向上させた潤滑油組成物となり得る。なお、成分(D)は、高温環境下での使用した際に、スラッジの発生の要因ともなり得る。しかしながら、本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、成分(C)を含有するため、成分(D)に起因したスラッジの発生も効果的に抑制することができ、熱安定性に優れた潤滑油組成物とすることができる。
これらの成分(D)は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
また、これらの極圧剤は、アミン塩の形態であってもよい。
上記観点から、本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物において、成分(D)中のリン系極圧剤の含有割合は、当該潤滑油組成物に含まれる成分(D)の全量(100質量%)に対して、好ましくは30~100質量%、より好ましくは40~100質量%、より好ましくは50~100質量%、より好ましくは60~100質量%、更に好ましくは70~100質量%、より更に好ましくは80~100質量%、特に好ましくは90~100質量%である。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物は、成分(E)として、酸化防止剤を含有してもよい。
成分(E)は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の一態様で用いる成分(E)としては、例えば、フェノール系酸化防止剤、アミン系酸化防止剤、モリブデン系酸化防止剤等が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物は、成分(F)として、粘度指数向上剤を含有してもよい。
成分(F)は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の一態様で用いる成分(F)としては、例えば、エチレン-α-オレフィン共重合体等のオレフィン系共重合体や、アルキルアクリレート又はアルキルメタクリレートに由来する構成単位を少なくとも有するポリメタクリレート等が挙げられる。
ただし、本明細書において、粘度指数向上剤等の樹脂成分の含有量は、希釈油で希釈された溶液においては、希釈油の質量を除外した、樹脂成分(固形分)に換算した含有量である。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物は、成分(G)として、摩擦調整剤を含有してもよい。
成分(G)は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の一態様で用いる成分(G)としては、例えば、ジチオカルバミン酸モリブデン(MoDTC)、ジチオリン酸モリブデン(MoDTP)等のモリブデン系摩擦調整剤;脂肪族アミン、脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸、脂肪族アルコール、脂肪族エーテル等の無灰摩擦調整剤;等が挙げられる。
脂肪酸エステルとしては、脂肪酸と脂肪族多価アルコールとの反応により得られる部分エステル化合物等の水酸基を1つ以上有する部分エステル化合物が挙げられる。
脂肪酸エステルを構成する前記脂肪酸としては、例えば、カプロン酸、カプリル酸、カプリン酸、ラウリル酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、アラキン酸、ベヘン酸、及びリグノセリン酸等の飽和脂肪酸;ミリストレイン酸、パルミトレイン酸、オレイン酸、及びリノレン酸等の不飽和脂肪酸;が挙げられる。
また、脂肪酸エステルを構成する前記脂肪族多価アルコールとしては、2~6価の多価アルコールが好ましく、具体的には、エチレングリコール、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール、ソルビトール等が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物は、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、必要に応じて、更に成分(B)~(G)以外の潤滑油用添加剤を含有してもよい。
このような潤滑油用添加剤としては、例えば、流動点降下剤、金属系清浄剤、抗乳化剤、金属不活性化剤、防錆剤、消泡剤、着色剤等が挙げられる。
これらの潤滑油用添加剤は、それぞれ、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物において、オレイン酸の含有量は、当該潤滑油組成物の全量(100質量%)基準で、5.0質量%未満、4.0質量%未満、3.0質量%未満、2.0質量%未満、1.0質量%未満、0.5質量%未満、0.1質量%未満、0.05質量%未満、0.01質量%未満、0.005質量%未満、又は0.001質量%未満としてもよい。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物の製造方法としては、特に制限はないが、生産性の観点から、成分(A)に、成分(B)~(C)、及び、必要に応じて、成分(D)~(G)や他の潤滑油用添加剤を配合する工程を有する、方法であることが好ましい。
なお、成分(F)等の樹脂成分は、成分(A)との相溶性の観点から、希釈油に溶解された溶液の形態とし、当該溶液を成分(A)に配合することが好ましい。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物の40℃における動粘度は、好ましくは5.0~130mm2/s、より好ましくは6.5~100mm2/s、更に好ましくは8.0~100mm2/s、より更に好ましくは10.0~70mm2/s、特に好ましくは12.0~50mm2/sである。
本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物は、熱安定性、耐摩耗性、及び緩衝器の操縦安定性等の特性に優れている。
これらの特性の具体的な指標として、本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物に対して、後述の実施例の記載に準拠した熱安定性試験を実施した際に測定されたスラッジ量が、好ましくは200mg以下、より好ましくは150mg以下、更に好ましくは100mg以下、より更に好ましくは50mg以下、特に好ましくは30mg以下である。
当該スラッジ量の値が小さいほど、熱安定性に優れた潤滑油組成物であるといえる。
当該摩耗痕径の値が小さいほど、耐摩耗性に優れた潤滑油組成物であるといえる。
当該最大動摩擦係数の値が大きいほど、緩衝器の操作安定性に優れた潤滑油組成物であるといえる。
また、本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物は、特に、ゴム材とクロム材との間の最大動摩擦係数が高いため、少なくともゴム製のオイルシールと、当該オイルシールと接する摺動部が少なくともクロム製である(例えば、クロムメッキ)ピストンロッドを有する緩衝器の潤滑に好適に使用し得る。
つまり、本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物のこれらの特性を考慮すると、本発明は、以下の[1]及び[2]も提供し得る。
[1]上述の本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物を充填した、緩衝器。
[2]上述の本発明の一態様の潤滑油組成物を緩衝器の潤滑に適用する、潤滑油組成物の使用。
JIS K2283:2000に準拠して測定及び算出した。
(2)亜鉛原子、リン原子の含有量
JPI-5S-38-2003に準拠して測定した。
(3)窒素原子の含有量
JIS K2609に準拠して測定した。
(4)硫黄原子の含有量
JIS K2541-6に準拠して測定した。
(5)塩基価
JIS K2501:2003(過塩素酸法)に準拠して測定した。
(6)重量平均分子量(Mw)
ゲル浸透クロマトグラフ装置(アジレント社製、「1260型HPLC」)を用いて、下記の条件下で測定し、標準ポリスチレン換算にて測定した値を用いた。
(測定条件)
・カラム:「Shodex LF404」を2本、順次連結したもの。
・カラム温度:35℃
・展開溶媒:クロロホルム
・流速:0.3mL/min
表1に示す種類及び配合量にて、基油に、各種添加剤を配合し、潤滑油組成物をそれぞれ調製した。なお、表1に記載された各種添加剤の配合量は、希釈油で溶解された状態で配合したとしても、当該希釈油の質量を除いた有効成分換算(固形分換算)での配合量を記載している。
また、それぞれの潤滑油組成物の調製に使用した、基油及び各種添加剤の詳細は以下のとおりである。
・「鉱油」:API基油カテゴリーのグループ3に分類される水素化精製鉱油。
<成分(B):ジチオリン酸亜鉛>
・「ZnDTP」:前記一般式(b-1)で表されるジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛(式(b-1)中のR1~R4はアルキル基である)、亜鉛原子(Zn)含有量=8.75質量%、硫黄原子(S)含有量=15.0質量%、リン原子(P)含有量=7.5質量%。
<成分(C):アルケニルコハク酸イミド>
・「アルケニルコハク酸イミド」:前記一般式(c-1)で表される非ホウ素変性アルケニルコハク酸モノイミド(式(c-1)中のRAはポリブテニル基である)、窒素原子(N)含有量=1.8質量%、塩基価(過塩素酸法)=42mgKOH/g。
<成分(D):極圧剤>
・「P系極圧剤」:ハイドロジェンホスファイトジエステル及びハイドロジェンホスファイトモノエステルの混合物、リン原子(P)含有量=1.3質量%。
・「SP系極圧剤(1)」:チオホスフェート、硫黄原子(S)含有量=4.4質量%、リン原子(P)含有量=4.1質量%。
・「SP系極圧剤(2)」:チオホスホネート、硫黄原子(S)含有量=20.8質量%、リン原子(P)含有量=9.6質量%。
<成分(E):酸化防止剤>
・「フェノール系酸化防止剤」
<成分(F):粘度指数向上剤>
・「PMA」:Mw=54万のポリメタクリレート。
<成分(G):摩擦調整剤>
・「脂肪酸エステル」:ペンタエリスリトールモノオレート。
200mLビーカーに、それぞれの実施例及び比較例で調製した潤滑油組成物100mLに、触媒であるSPCC鋼板(121.4mm×26mm×0.5mm)及び銅板(60.4mm×26mm×0.5mm)を加え、140℃の恒温槽にて240時間静置した。静置後、ビーカー底面に生じたスラッジ量(単位:mg)を測定した。当該スラッジ量が少ないほど、熱安定性に優れた潤滑油組成物であるといえる。本実施例においては、当該スラッジ量が200mg以下である場合を合格と判断した。
バウデン式往復動摩擦試験機を用いて、以下の試験条件にて試験を実施し、下側試験片の鋼板上に生じた摩耗痕の摩耗幅を測定した。摩耗幅が小さいほど耐摩耗性に優れた潤滑油組成物であるといえる。本実施例においては、当該摩耗幅が500μm以下である場合を合格と判断した。
(試験条件)
・油温:40℃
・振幅:10mm
・速度:50mm/s
・荷重:3kgf
・試験時間:60分間
・摩擦材 上側試験片:1/2インチガラス球、下側試験片:SPCC鋼板
バウデン式往復動摩擦試験機を用いて、以下の試験条件にて試験を実施して、上側試験片(ゴム材)と下側試験片(クロムメッキ板)との間の最大動摩擦係数を測定した。最大動摩擦係数の値が大きいほど、緩衝器の操縦安定性に優れた潤滑油組成物であるといえる。本実施例においては、当該最大動摩擦係数が0.26以上である場合を合格と判断した。
(試験条件)
・油温:40℃
・振幅:5mm
・速度:1mm/s
・荷重:1.0kgf
・摩擦材 上側試験片:ゴム材(A437)、下側試験片:クロムメッキ板
Claims (9)
- 基油(A)、ジチオリン酸亜鉛(B)、及び、アルケニルコハク酸イミド(C)を含有する、緩衝器の潤滑に用いられる、潤滑油組成物。
- 成分(C)の窒素原子換算での含有量が、前記潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、0.001~0.09質量%である、請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 成分(B)の亜鉛原子換算での含有量が、前記潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、0.005~1.0質量%である、請求項1又は2に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- さらに、硫黄原子及びリン原子の少なくとも一方を含む極圧剤(D)を含有する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 成分(B)に由来する亜鉛原子と、成分(C)に由来する窒素原子との含有量比〔Zn/N〕が、0.1~150である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記潤滑油組成物中のリン原子の含有量が、当該潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、0.01~2.0質量%である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記潤滑油組成物中の硫黄原子の含有量が、当該潤滑油組成物の全量基準で、0.01~1.0質量%である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物を充填した、緩衝器。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物を緩衝器の潤滑に適用する、潤滑油組成物の使用。
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