WO2021245740A1 - 住宅 - Google Patents
住宅 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021245740A1 WO2021245740A1 PCT/JP2020/021590 JP2020021590W WO2021245740A1 WO 2021245740 A1 WO2021245740 A1 WO 2021245740A1 JP 2020021590 W JP2020021590 W JP 2020021590W WO 2021245740 A1 WO2021245740 A1 WO 2021245740A1
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- living room
- window
- ceiling
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- wall
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
- E04H1/04—Apartment houses arranged in two or more levels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a house in which a semi-outdoor space having an external floor and an eaves ceiling is provided outside the living room.
- a semi-outdoor space such as a terrace or loggia is provided on the outdoor side, and a window that allows entry and exit is provided between the living room space and the semi-outdoor space.
- a continuous window sash with a large opening that does not cause a step on the floor is often installed.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2, etc. we propose a spatial composition that can effectively extend the area where the resident feels comfortable to the back side of the living room away from the window.
- the conventional space configuration is basically configured such that a window opening that connects the living room space and the semi-outdoor space is provided only on one wall surface of the living room. In this case, the resident in the living room can feel the continuity to the semi-outdoor space only in one direction with the window opening.
- the continuity from the living room space to the semi-outdoor space is created in a more varied form not in a single direction but in multiple directions, and it is relaxed in a wide range of the living room. It proposes a space composition of a house where you can get a feeling of comfort and openness.
- a semi-outdoor space having an external floor and an eaves ceiling is provided on the outdoor side of at least one living room, and the living room is described.
- windows that allow light and ventilation extend over half the wall length of each wall surface on the two walls facing each other in the living room.
- the first window which is arranged so as to face each other with an opening width and is provided on one of the two wall surfaces, opens over the ceiling height of the living room and has at least one opening surface.
- the second window provided on the other wall surface is provided with a doorway that can be opened and closed, and at least the lower edge thereof is aligned with the floor surface of the living room, or the upper edge thereof is aligned with the ceiling surface of the living room.
- the living room is located on the outdoor side of the first window provided on one of the wall surfaces, which is either a high window, a window that opens over the ceiling height of the living room, or a combination of these.
- a continuous outer floor at the same height as the floor surface of the room and a continuous eaves ceiling at the same height as the ceiling surface of the living room are extended over at least the entire opening width of the window, and the opening of the outer floor.
- the overhanging dimension in the direction orthogonal to the surface is 0.8 times or more the ceiling height of the living room, and the overhanging dimension of the eaves ceiling in the direction orthogonal to the opening surface is 0 of the ceiling height of the living room. It is characterized by being 6 times or more.
- the one wall surface is the wall surface having the longest wall length in the living room, and the window provided on the one wall surface has an opening width equal to or larger than the facing distance between the one wall surface and the other wall surface. It is more preferable to have.
- a semi-outdoor space having an external floor and an eaves ceiling is provided on the outdoor side of at least one living room.
- the two walls forming the outside corners of the living room have windows that allow light and ventilation to be one of the wall lengths of each wall surface.
- the first window provided on one of the two walls which is arranged so as to be continuous in an L-shape in a plan view with an opening width of / 2 or more, opens over the ceiling height of the living room, and the opening thereof.
- the surface is provided with at least one openable doorway
- the second window provided on the other wall surface is a ground window whose lower edge is at least aligned with the floor surface of the living room, or an upper edge thereof.
- a high window that is aligned with the ceiling surface of the living room, a window that opens over the ceiling height of the living room, or a window in the form of a combination thereof, and the first window provided on the one wall surface.
- a continuous external floor at the same height as the floor of the living room and a continuous eaves ceiling at the same height as the ceiling of the living room are extended at least over the entire opening width of the window.
- the overhanging dimension of the outer floor in the direction orthogonal to the opening surface is 0.8 times or more the ceiling height of the living room, and the overhanging dimension of the eaves ceiling in the direction orthogonal to the opening surface is the said. It is characterized by being 0.6 times or more the ceiling height of the living room.
- the one wall surface is the wall surface having the longest wall length in the living room, and the window provided on the one wall surface is an opening equal to or more than the wall length of the other wall surface orthogonal to the one wall surface. It is more preferable that it has a width.
- the outer floor is provided on the second floor portion, and a blindfold louver extending laterally is used in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the outer floor provided on the second floor portion.
- a waist wall having ventilation may be erected.
- the living rooms are provided so as to overlap the upper and lower two levels, and the opening of the first window of each of the upper and lower living rooms is opened over the full ceiling height.
- the faces may be arranged in the same orientation.
- a rectangular shape in a plan view is formed in the middle portion of the wall surface of the vertically overlapping living room in which the first window and the second window are not provided.
- a box-shaped structure may be installed so as to extend vertically through both living rooms, straddling the indoors and outdoors of the vertically overlapping living rooms.
- the box-shaped structure has bearing walls arranged in two directions orthogonal to each other (directions parallel to and orthogonal to the window opening over the full ceiling height) on the outer peripheral surface thereof.
- the house of the present invention configured as described above is provided with a living room in which the continuity between indoors and outdoors can be felt in two directions opposite to each other or orthogonal to each other. A variety of outside light is taken into the living room space from the two windows, and if a part of the window is opened, a pleasant breeze will pass through the room.
- the semi-outdoor space which has the same height as the floor and ceiling of the room and is extended to the outdoor side with sufficient overhanging dimensions according to the ceiling height of the room, is horizontal to the room while maintaining appropriate privacy. Gives a sense of spatial expanse in the direction.
- the living room space integrated with such a semi-outdoor space creates an open atmosphere in which the boundaries between indoors and outdoors are ambiguous and horizontal continuity, transparency, transparency, etc. are emphasized.
- FIG. 1 and 2 are conceptual diagrams for explaining the basic configuration of the present invention.
- the house according to the present invention is specified as having at least one living room R having the following configuration.
- the living room R having the configuration is arranged so as to overlap the first floor and the second floor.
- Windows W1 and W2 that allow daylighting and ventilation are provided on the two wall surfaces surrounding the living room R.
- "to enable ventilation” means that at least a part of the windows W1 and W2 can be opened and closed.
- the two windows W1 and W2 face each other as shown in FIG. 2A, or are arranged so as to be continuous in an L-shape in a plan view along the protruding corner as shown in FIG. 2B. ..
- the two windows W1 and W2 each have an opening width of 1/2 or more of the wall length of the wall surface on which they are arranged.
- the width of the windows W1 and W2 facing each other shall be 1 ⁇ 2 or more of the wall length of each wall surface.
- At least one of the two windows W1 and W2 (more preferably, a window provided on the wall surface having the larger wall length; hereinafter, "first window (W1)") is the floor of the living room R. It opens over the entire height from the surface F to the ceiling surface C, and the opening surface is provided with at least one openable doorway D.
- the opening width of the entire first window W1 is equal to or greater than the facing distance la from the second window W2, and the second window.
- the wall length is lb or more of the wall surface on which the second window W2 is arranged.
- an external floor T continuous at the same height as the floor surface F of the living room R, and an eaves ceiling E continuous at the same height as the ceiling surface C of the living room R.
- the semi-outdoor space S composed of the above is extended over at least the entire opening width of the first window W1.
- the overhanging dimension lT of the outer floor T in the direction orthogonal to the opening surface of the first window W1 is 0.8 times or more the ceiling height ch of the living room R, and the eaves ceiling E is stretched in the same direction.
- the output dimension lE is 0.6 times or more the ceiling height ch of the living room R.
- the second window W2 has at least a ground window whose lower edge is aligned with the floor surface F of the living room R, a high window whose upper edge is aligned with the ceiling surface C of the living room R, or a ceiling height ch of the living room R. It is either a window that opens to the full, or a window that is a combination of them.
- the living room R becomes a space where the continuity to the outside can be felt in two directions opposite to each other or orthogonal to each other.
- a variety of outside light is taken into the living room R from the two windows W1 and W2, and if a part of the windows W1 and W2 is opened, a comfortable wind passes through the room.
- Semi-outdoor space such as a terrace or balcony extending to the outdoor side of the first window W1 with sufficient overhanging dimensions according to the ceiling height ch of the room, with the same height as the floor surface F and ceiling surface C in the room. S gives a feeling of spatial expanse to the living room R while maintaining an appropriate degree of privacy.
- the space inside the living room R integrated with the semi-outdoor space S creates an open atmosphere in which the boundaries between indoors and outdoors are ambiguous and horizontal transparency and transparency are emphasized.
- the living rooms R and R are provided so as to overlap the upper and lower two levels, and the first windows W1 and W1 of the living rooms R and R and the semi-outdoor spaces S and S extending to the outdoor side thereof have the same orientation.
- the continuity and transparency to the outside are shared on the upper and lower floors of the house, and an integrated feeling of openness is formed in the house.
- the exemplary house 1A is a double-decker wooden house in which the main frame is constructed by the wooden frame construction method.
- This house 1A is constructed on the assumption that it will be built on a site with a site area of about 500 to 800 m2 located in the suburbs of an urban area.
- the lower side in the map of the site is in contact with the front road, and the other three sides are in contact with the adjacent land.
- the upper part of the figure in FIG. 3 is defined as north, and the positional relationship of each part in the house 1A is shown in the north, south, east, and west directions.
- a living room 37 having the configuration of the present invention is arranged on the west side of the entrance hall 21 and the gallery hall 22.
- the living room 37 has a substantially rectangular planar shape that is longer in the east-west direction than the north-south direction, and is provided through two entrances and exits provided on the south side and the north side of the partition wall that separates the living room 37 from the gallery hall 22. It communicates with the entrance hall 21 and the corridor.
- a box-shaped structure 38 having a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view is arranged so as to bite into the west side of the living room 37 and straddle the inside and outside of the room.
- Most of the outer circumference of this box-shaped structure 38 is a non-open wall surface, and bearing walls (not shown) in the east-west direction and the north-south direction are incorporated in a part of the wall surface, and the box-shaped structure 38 is raised to the height of the second floor.
- the east side is a staircase 39 that connects the first and second floors
- the west side is a study corner 41 that also serves as a library.
- windows 42 and 43 that open widely over substantially the entire wall length are provided.
- the windows 42 and 43 are divided into four opening surfaces by five pillars erected on each surface including both corners. Of these four locations, the opening surfaces in the middle two are made into glass-filled windows, and the opening surfaces at both ends are equipped with sliding window sashes, allowing indoor and outdoor access.
- both sides of the box-shaped structure 38 that cuts into the west side of the living room 37 are also glass-fitted windows that open from the floor surface to the full ceiling height.
- a so-called full flat sash which hardly causes a step on the floor surface and the ceiling surface, is used.
- terraces 44 and 45 are provided on the outdoor side of those windows.
- the terraces 44 and 45 are stretched above the outer floor 46, which is largely extended to the south and north sides of the living room 37 and the box-shaped structure 38 so as to surround the entire outer periphery of the living room 37 and the box-shaped structure 38. It is composed of the eaves ceiling 47 (see FIG. 6) to be put out.
- the height of the outer floor 46 is aligned with the floor surface of the living room 37, and the height of the eaves ceiling 47 is aligned with the same height as the ceiling surface of the living room 37.
- the overhanging dimension of the north and south outer floors 46 in the direction orthogonal to the opening surface of the window is 0.8 times or more the ceiling height of the living room 37, and in the exemplary embodiment, the ceiling height of the living room 37. Is about 2.6 m, and the overhanging dimension of the outer floor 46 is about 2.5 m.
- the eaves ceiling 47 has an overhanging dimension in the direction orthogonal to the opening surface of the window, which is 0.6 times or more the ceiling height of the living room 37, and is about 2.7 m in the illustrated form. Further outside of these semi-outdoor spaces is surrounded by a voluminous planting 48.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the interior of the living room 37 as viewed westward from the partition wall side.
- the living room 37 is a space in which a feeling of openness continuous from indoors to outdoors can be felt in two directions (left and right directions in the figure).
- the terrace 44 which has the same height as the floor and ceiling of the room and extends on both north and south sides with an overhanging dimension equivalent to the height of the ceiling in the room, is superior to the short side direction and the long side direction of the living room 37. Gives a feeling of spatial expanse.
- the floor finishing material at the window side of the living room 37 and the floor finishing material of the outer floor 46 are made of the same or the same texture material, and the ceiling finishing material and the eaves ceiling 47 in the living room 37 are arranged.
- the finishing materials are also made of the same or the same texture.
- the wall surface of the box-shaped structure 38 arranged so as to bite into the west side has a structural accent that gives a profound feeling to the center of the open living room where most of the outer circumference is surrounded by glass. Will be. Furthermore, by blocking the westward line of sight by this wall surface, the continuity in the north-south direction is further emphasized, and a calm space is formed near the center of the room along this wall surface.
- the outer wall finishing material stretched on the main part of the outer wall of the house 1A is stretched on the outer peripheral surface of the box-shaped structure 38, both indoors and outdoors. As a result, the boundary between indoors and outdoors becomes more ambiguous, and the sense of unity with the outdoor space is further enhanced.
- the master bedroom 55 is arranged so as to overlap above the living room 37 on the first floor.
- the south and north sides of the master bedroom 55 are located directly above the south and north sides of the living room 37 on the first floor, and each side is provided with windows 61 and 62 that open substantially over their wall lengths. ..
- On the west side of the master bedroom 55 approximately half of the box-shaped structure 38 rising from the first floor bites into it, and the staircase 39 and the master bedroom 55 provided inside thereof are along the east side wall surface of the box-shaped structure 38. It is partitioned by an independent wall 63 provided in the above.
- a walk-in closet 64 is provided on the west side of the internal space of the box-shaped structure 38.
- the window 61 on the south side of the master bedroom 55 has a large opening from the floor surface to the height of the ceiling surface, and is divided into three opening surfaces by three pillars including a corner. Of these three locations, the central and eastern two opening surfaces are made of glass-filled windows, and the western one opening surface is equipped with a sliding window sash to allow indoor and outdoor access. It has become.
- the window 62 on the north side of the master bedroom 55 is a high window that opens at a height of several tens of centimeters from the upper part of the wall to the ceiling side.
- This high window is also divided into three opening surfaces by three pillars including the corners, the two opening surfaces on the center and east side are glass-fitted windows, and the opening surface on the west side can be opened and closed. It is a sliding window.
- Both sides of the west side of the master bedroom 55, separated by the box-shaped structure 38, also have high windows similar to those on the north side.
- This master bedroom 55 has a balcony 66 as a semi-outdoor space on the south side.
- the balcony 66 is composed of an outer floor 67 that extends to the south from the entire south surface of the master bedroom 55 and a part of the south surface of the box-shaped structure 38, and an eaves ceiling 68 that projects above the outer floor 67.
- the height of the outer floor 67 is aligned with the floor surface of the master bedroom 55, and the height of the eaves ceiling 68 is aligned with the height of the ceiling surface of the master bedroom 55.
- the overhanging dimension of the outer floor 67 to the south side is 0.8 times or more the ceiling height of the master bedroom 55, and in the exemplary embodiment, the ceiling height of the master bedroom 55 is about 2.
- the overhanging dimension of the outer floor 67 is about 2.0 m.
- the eaves ceiling 68 has an overhanging dimension to the south side of 0.6 times or more the ceiling height of the master bedroom 55, and is about 2.0 m in the illustrated form.
- a waist wall (handrail wall) 69 is provided near the outer peripheral edge of the balcony 66.
- the waist wall 69 is configured by arranging a plurality of blindfolded louvers having a horizontally long cross-sectional shape in the horizontal direction at appropriate intervals.
- FIG. 7 is an introspection perspective view of the master bedroom 55 as viewed westward from the vicinity of the entrance to the corridor.
- the master bedroom 55 has a window 61 up to the ceiling height only on the south side so as to ensure privacy more easily than the living room 37 on the first floor.
- a window (high window) 62 whose upper edge is aligned with the ceiling surface is also provided on the north surface over substantially the entire wall length.
- the window 62 makes it possible to take in soft sky light into the room and see the night sky from the bed, and if a part of the window is opened, the wind can pass across the ceiling surface. In this way, the continuity from the room to the outside is created in two directions facing each other, which creates a much more comfortable and open atmosphere than when there is no window or only a small window on this north side. Can be formed.
- the partition wall 63 erected between the box-shaped structure 38 on the west side has a structure that gives a profound feeling to the center of the master bedroom 55, similar to the wall surface erected in the living room 37 on the first floor. As an accent, it creates a calm feeling suitable for the bed to snuggle up, and also works to emphasize the continuity in the north-south direction. Further, the bearing wall incorporated in the box-shaped structure 38 also serves to structurally strengthen the building structures on the first and second floors surrounded by the large window opening.
- (Second Embodiment) 8 to 10 show a house 1B according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the example house 1B is also a two-story wooden house whose main frame is constructed by the wooden frame construction method, but the site area and the total floor area of the building are slightly smaller than the house 1A according to the first embodiment. It is set.
- the lower side in the map of the site is in contact with the front road, and the other three sides are in contact with the adjacent land.
- the upper part in the figure of FIG. 8 is defined as north, and the positional relationship of each part in the house 1B is shown by the north, south, east, and west directions.
- the first floor is divided into an eastern part and a western part across a street garden 72 provided so as to pass through from the side of the garage 71 in the north-south direction.
- the eastern part is a north-south elongated entrance hall 73 provided along the street garden 72, a living room 74 communicating with the central part and the southern end part of the entrance hall 73, and an entrance closet 75 attached to the north end of the entrance hall 73.
- It is composed of a corridor storage 77, a dining kitchen 78, a washbasin / toilet 79, a staircase 81 arranged between the dining kitchen 78 and the living room 74, etc. There is.
- the Japanese-style room 82 is arranged so that it can be directly entered and exited from the street garden 72.
- a staircase 83 leading to the second floor is provided on the west side of the Japanese-style room 82, and a wooden deck 84 is provided on the north side of the Japanese-style room 82.
- the living room 74 On this first floor, it is the living room 74 in the southeastern part that has the configuration of the present invention.
- the living room 74 has a substantially rectangular planar shape whose east-west direction is longer than that in the north-south direction.
- a living room 85 continuous from the dirt floor of the entrance hall 73 at the same height is provided.
- the living room 85 is a space that is continuous at the same level as the upper floor surface of the living room 74 through a slight step formed near the middle of the living room, and is integrally incorporated into the living room 74.
- a window 86 that opens greatly from the floor surface to the ceiling surface is provided.
- the windows on the south side are provided over a range of about 90% of the wall length, and are divided into four opening surfaces by pillars. Sliding window sashes are attached to those openings to allow indoor and outdoor access.
- a terrace 87 as a semi-outdoor space is provided on the south side of this window 86.
- the terrace 87 is composed of an outer floor 88 extending to the south side over the entire length of the south surface of the living room 74, and an eaves ceiling 89 overhanging the outer floor 88.
- a part of the terrace 87 on the west side is a slightly closed alcove 91 in which two sides, the west side and the south side, are surrounded by an L-shaped wall without a window opening.
- the height of the outer floor 88 of the terrace 87 is aligned with the height of the floor of the living room 74.
- the overhanging dimension of the outer floor 88 is 0.8 times or more the ceiling height of the living room 74.
- the ceiling height of the living room 74 is about 2.6 m, and the overhang of the outer floor 88 other than the alcove.
- the protrusion size is about 3.2 m.
- the height of the eaves ceiling 89 of the terrace 87 is the same as the ceiling surface of the living room 74.
- the overhanging dimension of the eaves ceiling 89 is 0.6 times or more the ceiling height of the living room 74, and is about 2.0 m in the illustrated form. Further outside of these semi-outdoor spaces is surrounded by a voluminous planting 92.
- a window 93 covering a range of about half the wall length is also provided on the north side of the living room 74.
- the window 93 on the north side is divided into two opening surfaces by pillars, and a sliding window sash is attached to each opening surface to allow indoor and outdoor access.
- a tsubo garden 94 is provided on the outdoor side of the window 93 on the north side.
- This tsubo garden 94 is surrounded by the east wall surface of the staircase 81 and the south wall surface of the dining kitchen 78 and is open to the east, and a short eave is provided above it, which is configured as an outdoor space that gets wet in rainy weather. ..
- the floor surface of the tsubo garden 94 is aligned with the floor surface of the living room 74.
- the living room 74 configured in this way is a space where you can feel a continuous sense of openness from indoors to outdoors in two directions, north and south.
- the terrace 87, which extends to the south side and the yard 94, which extends to the north side, are aligned with the floor and ceiling surfaces of the room, and the living room 74 has a short side direction and a long side direction.
- the boundary between indoors and outdoors is ambiguous, and an atmosphere that gives a strong sense of continuity, transparency, and transparency in the horizontal direction is created throughout the room.
- the second floor of the house 1B is arranged on the west side of the two private bedrooms 103 and 104 arranged on the south side centering on the staircase hall 101 and the corridor lounge 102 continuous to the west side thereof. It is composed of a master bedroom 105, a washroom / laundry room 106 arranged on the north side, a bathroom 107, a toilet 108, a children's room 109, and the like. Walk-in closets 111, 112, and 113 are attached to the two private bedrooms 103 and 104 on the south side, the master bedroom 105 on the west side, and the children's room 109 on the north side, respectively.
- windows 114 and 115 with large openings and a continuous balcony 116 on the outdoor side thereof are provided.
- windows 117 and 118 that open about half the length of each wall and a continuous balcony 119 on the outdoor side are provided.
- a window 121 and a continuous balcony 122 on the outdoor side thereof are also provided on the east side of the washroom / laundry room located on the northeast side.
- the private bedroom 103 on the southeast side has the configuration of the present invention.
- the private bedroom 103 has a substantially rectangular planar shape in which the wall length in the north-south direction is slightly larger than the wall length in the east-west direction.
- windows 114 and 115 that greatly open from the floor surface to the ceiling surface are provided so as to be continuous in an L shape over substantially the entire wall length of each surface.
- the windows 114 and 115 on both sides are divided into four opening surfaces in total by pillars, and a sliding window sash is attached to each opening surface to allow indoor and outdoor access.
- the balcony 116 as a semi-outdoor space continuous through these windows 114 and 115 has an L-shaped outer floor 123 in a plan view extending from the south side and the east side of the private bedroom 103 to the south side and the east side, respectively, and above the south side and the east side. It is composed of an eaves ceiling 124 overhanging.
- the height of the outer floor 123 is aligned with the floor surface of the private bedroom 103, and the height of the eaves ceiling 124 is aligned with the ceiling surface of the private bedroom 103.
- the overhanging dimensions of the outer floor 123 to the south and east sides are 0.8 times or more the ceiling height of the private bedroom 103.
- the ceiling height of the private bedroom 103 is about 2.4 m, and the outer floor 123.
- the overhanging dimension is about 2.0 m.
- the eaves ceiling 124 also has an overhanging dimension to the south side and the east side of 0.6 times or more the ceiling height of the private bedroom 103, which is about 1.5 m in the illustrated form.
- the private bedroom 103 configured in this way is a space where you can feel the continuous openness from indoors to outdoors in two directions, the south side and the east side.
- the balconies 116 which are aligned in height with the floor and ceiling surfaces of the room and are greatly extended to the east and south sides, give a feeling of spatial expanse in the diagonal direction of the private bedroom 103. From the windows 114 and 115 that are continuously wide open in an L shape, the outside light on the south and east sides is taken into the room, and by opening a part of the windows 114 and 115, a comfortable wind blows diagonally through the room. Go through. As a result, the boundary between indoors and outdoors is ambiguous, and an atmosphere that strongly feels continuity, transparency, transparency, etc. in the horizontal direction is created in the entire room.
- a house provided with a living room having the configuration of the present invention is a comfortable living space where one can enjoy a relaxing time while feeling a connection with nature.
- the large opening of the window which allows you to take in gentle light and wind in the room while deepening the eaves to block the strong summer sunshine, creates a modern-style intermediate area such as the veranda, which has been familiar to Japanese people since ancient times. It can also be understood that it was arranged in.
- the technical scope of the present invention should not be construed in a limited manner by the illustrated embodiment, but should be conceptually construed based on the description of the scope of claims.
- the morphology and dimensions of the living room and the semi-outdoor space may be slightly modified as long as substantially the same effects as those of the exemplary embodiment can be obtained.
Abstract
Description
図1および図2は、本発明の基本的構成を説明するための概念図である。本発明に係る住宅とは、少なくとも一つの居室Rが以下の構成を具備するものとして特定される。図1の概念図では、当該構成を具備する居室Rが1階および2階に重なって配置されている。
(1)居室Rを囲む二つの壁面に、採光および通風を可能とする窓W1、W2が設けられる。ここで、「通風を可能とする」とは、少なくとも窓W1、W2の一部分が開閉できることを意味する。
(2)二つの窓W1、W2は、図2(a)のように互いに正対するか、または図2(b)のように出隅にそって平面視L字形に連続するように配置される。
(3)正対、L字いずれの配置形態においても、二つの窓W1、W2は、それぞれが配置される壁面の壁長の1/2以上にわたる開口幅を有する。正対の場合は、互いに正対する窓W1、W2の幅が、各壁面の壁長の1/2以上になることとする。
(4)二つの窓W1、W2のうち少なくとも一方の窓(より好ましくは、壁長の大きいほうの壁面に設けられる窓。以下、「第1の窓(W1)」)は、居室Rの床面Fから天井面Cまでの高さ一杯にわたって開口し、その開口面には少なくとも1か所の開閉可能な出入口Dが設けられる。
(5)第1の窓W1全体の開口幅は、他方の窓(以下、「第2の窓W2」)と正対する場合は、第2の窓W2との対向間隔la以上であり、第2の窓W2とL字形に連続する場合は、第2の窓W2が配される壁面の壁長lb以上である。
(6)第1の窓W1の屋外側には、居室Rの床面Fと同じ高さで連続する外部床Tと、居室Rの天井面Cと同じ高さで連続する軒天井Eと、によって構成される半屋外空間Sが、少なくとも第1の窓W1の開口幅全体にわたって延設される。
(7)外部床Tの、第1の窓W1の開口面に直交する方向の張出寸法lTは、居室Rの天井高chの0.8倍以上であり、軒天井Eの同方向の張出寸法lEは、居室Rの天井高chの0.6倍以上である。
(8)第2の窓W2は、少なくともその下縁が居室Rの床面Fと揃う地窓か、その上縁が居室Rの天井面Cと揃う高窓か、あるいは居室Rの天井高ch一杯にわたって開口する窓か、あるいはそれらを複合的に組み合わせた形態の窓のいずれである。
図3~図7は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る住宅を示す。例示の住宅1Aは、主たる架構が木造軸組構法によって構築される2階建ての木造住宅である。この住宅1Aは、都市部郊外に位置する敷地面積500~800m2 程度の敷地に建てられることを想定して構成されている。図3の配置図兼1階平面図において、敷地の図中下辺が前面道路に接しており、その他の三辺が隣地に接している。以下、説明の便宜上、図3における図中上方を北と定め、住宅1A内の各部の位置関係を東西南北の方角によって示す。
1階には、道路側に設けられた玄関から北側に向けて、玄関ホール21、上部が吹抜けになったギャラリーホール22および階段23、短い廊下24、その廊下24と一体化された家事コーナー25、トイレ26、北向きの窓開口を有するダイニングルーム27、東向きの窓開口を有するキッチン28等が配置されている。玄関ホール21の東側には玄関クローゼット29が併設され、さらにその東側に、床の間付きの和室31が配置されている。この和室31は、玄関ホール21から叩き風の土間32を介して連通するとともに、ギャラリーホール22からも前室33を介して連通している。和室31の東面には、大きく開口する窓34が設けられている。さらに、土間の横の板間には南向きに開口する窓35が設けられ、床の間の背面にも北向きに開口する窓36が設けられている。
階段23から2階に上がると、図4に示すように、吹抜けを廻るように設けられたギャラリーホール51から廊下52を経由して、東側の子供室53、北側のSPAルーム54、西側の主寝室55へとそれぞれ通じている。子供室にはウォーク・イン・クローゼット56が併設され、窓開口は南向きに設けられている。SPAルームには、浴室57、トイレ58、洗面・洗濯コーナー59等が配置され、窓開口は北向きおよび東向きに設けられている。
図8~図10は、本発明の第2実施形態に係る住宅1Bを示す。例示の住宅1Bも、主たる架構が木造軸組構法によって構築される2階建ての木造住宅であるが、敷地面積および建物の延床面積は、第1実施形態に係る住宅1Aよりもやや小さめに設定されている。図8の配置図兼1階平面図において、敷地の図中下辺が前面道路に接しており、その他の三辺が隣地に接している。この実施形態についても、図8の図中上方を北と定め、住宅1B内の各部の位置関係を東西南北の方角によって示す。
1階は、ガレージ71の脇から南北方向に通り抜け可能に設けられた通り庭72を挟んで、東側部分と西側部分とに分かれている。東側部分は、通り庭72に沿って設けられた南北方向に細長い玄関ホール73、玄関ホール73の中央部分および南端部分に連通するリビングルーム74、玄関ホール73の北端に併設された玄関クローゼット75、玄関ホール73の北端部分から短い廊下76を介して連通する廊下収納77、ダイニングキッチン78、洗面・トイレ79、ダイニングキッチン78とリビングルーム74との間に配置された階段室81等によって構成されている。
この住宅1Bの2階は、図9に示すように、階段ホール101およびその西側に連続する廊下ラウンジ102を中心にして、南側に配置された2つの個寝室103、104、西側に配置された主寝室105、北側に配置された洗面・洗濯室106、浴室107、トイレ108、子供室109等によって構成されている。南側2つの個寝室103、104、西側の主寝室105および北側の子供室109には、それぞれウォーク・イン・クローゼット111、112、113が併設されている。
37 リビングルーム(居室)
38 箱状構造体
42、43 窓
44、45 テラス(半屋外空間)
46 外部床
47 軒天井
55 主寝室(居室)
61、62 窓
66 バルコニー(半屋外空間)
67 外部床
68 軒天井
69 腰壁
74 リビングルーム(居室)
86、93 窓
87 テラス(半屋外空間)
88 外部床
89 軒天井
93 窓
103 個寝室(居室)
114、115 窓
116 バルコニー(半屋外空間)
123 外部床
124 軒天井
C 天井面
E 軒天井
F 床面
R 居室
S 半屋外空間
T 外部床
W1 第1の窓
W2 第2の窓
Claims (8)
- 少なくとも一の居室の屋外側に、外部床と軒天井とを備えた半屋外空間が設けられ、前記居室内空間と前記半屋外空間とが窓を介して連通される住宅において、
前記居室の互いに相対する二つの壁面に、採光および通風を可能とする窓が、各壁面の壁長の1/2以上にわたる開口幅をもって互いに正対するように配置され、
前記二つの壁面のうち一方の壁面に設けられた第1の窓は、該居室の天井高一杯にわたって開口し、その開口面には少なくとも1か所の開閉可能な出入口が設けられるとともに、
他方の壁面に設けられた第2の窓は、少なくともその下縁が該居室の床面と揃う地窓か、またはその上縁が該居室の天井面と揃う高窓か、または該居室の天井高一杯にわたって開口する窓か、あるいはそれらを組み合わせた形態の窓のいずれかとなされ、
前記一方の壁面に設けられた第1の窓の屋外側には、該居室の床面と同じ高さで連続する外部床と、該居室の天井面と同じ高さで連続する軒天井とが、少なくとも該窓の開口幅全体にわたって延設され、
前記外部床の、前記開口面に直交する方向の張出寸法が、該居室の天井高の0.8倍以上であり、
前記軒天井の、前記開口面に直交する方向の張出寸法が、該居室の天井高の0.6倍以上である
ことを特徴とする住宅。 - 請求項1に記載された住宅において、
前記一方の壁面は、該居室における最も壁長の大きい壁面であり、
該一方の壁面に設けられた窓は、該一方の壁面と他方の壁面との対向間隔以上の開口幅を有する
ことを特徴とする住宅。 - 少なくとも一の居室の屋外側に、外部床と軒天井とを備えた半屋外空間が設けられ、前記居室内空間と前記半屋外空間とが窓を介して連通される住宅において、
前記居室の出隅を形成する二つの壁面に、採光および通風を可能とする窓が、各壁面の壁長の1/2以上にわたる開口幅をもって平面視L字形に連続するように配置され、
前記二つの壁面のうち一方の壁面に設けられた第1の窓は、該居室の天井高一杯にわたって開口し、その開口面には少なくとも1か所の開閉可能な出入口が設けられるとともに、
他方の壁面に設けられた第2の窓は、少なくともその下縁が該居室の床面と揃う地窓か、またはその上縁が該居室の天井面と揃う高窓か、または該居室の天井高一杯にわたって開口する窓か、あるいはそれらを組み合わせた形態の窓のいずれかとなされ、
前記一方の壁面に設けられた第1の窓の屋外側には、該居室の床と同じ高さで連続する外部床と、該居室の天井と同じ高さで連続する軒天井とが、少なくとも該窓の開口幅全体にわたって延設され、
前記外部床の、前記開口面に直交する方向の張出寸法が、該居室の天井高の0.8倍以上であり、
前記軒天井の、前記開口面に直交する方向の張出寸法が、該居室の天井高の0.6倍以上である
ことを特徴とする住宅。 - 請求項3に記載された住宅において、
前記一方の壁面は、該居室における最も壁長の大きい壁面であり、
該一方の壁面に設けられた窓は、該一方の壁面に直交する他方の壁面の壁長以上の開口幅を有する
ことを特徴とする住宅。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載された住宅において、
前記外部床が2階部分に設けられ、
該2階部分に設けられた外部床の外周縁近傍に、横方向に延びる目隠しルーバーを用いた通風性を有する腰壁が立設された
ことを特徴とする住宅。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載された住宅において、
前記居室が、上下2階層に重なるように設けられるとともに、
前記上下それぞれの居室の、天井高一杯にわたって開口する第1の窓の開口面が、同じ向きに配置されている
ことを特徴とする住宅。 - 請求項6に記載された住宅において、
前記上下に重なる居室の、第1の窓および第2の窓が設けられていない壁面の中間部分に、平面視略矩形をなす箱状構造体が、前記上下に重なる居室の室内外にまたがって、両居室を上下方向に貫通するように設置された
ことを特徴とする住宅。 - 請求項7に記載された住宅において、
前記箱状構造体の外周面に、互いに直交する二方向の耐力壁が配置された
ことを特徴とする住宅。
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