WO2021227550A1 - 一种搬运机器人及仓储物流系统 - Google Patents

一种搬运机器人及仓储物流系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021227550A1
WO2021227550A1 PCT/CN2021/072967 CN2021072967W WO2021227550A1 WO 2021227550 A1 WO2021227550 A1 WO 2021227550A1 CN 2021072967 W CN2021072967 W CN 2021072967W WO 2021227550 A1 WO2021227550 A1 WO 2021227550A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temporary storage
box
handling robot
telescopic
cargo box
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/072967
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李晓伟
Original Assignee
北京极智嘉科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 北京极智嘉科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 北京极智嘉科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2021227550A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021227550A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
    • B65G1/02—Storage devices
    • B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
    • B65G1/02—Storage devices
    • B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
    • B65G1/137—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of warehousing logistics, for example, to a handling robot and a warehousing logistics system.
  • the related technology provides a "goods-to-person" picking method, which realizes the picking of cargo boxes by setting up a telescopic fork mechanism that can lift vertically and horizontally on the handling robot, and set the temporary storage rack of the handling robot to be able to temporarily
  • the temporary storage partition of the storage box enables the fork mechanism to move the container from the shelf to the temporary storage partition on the temporary storage rack, so that the handling robot can directly transport the container to the picking point, avoiding the transportation of the shelf, and improving Handling efficiency.
  • the handling robot provided by the related technology realizes the temporary storage of the cargo box by setting the temporary storage partition on the temporary storage rack.
  • the height of the shelf is high, if the height of the handling robot is the same as that of the shelf, it is located at a high place.
  • the cargo boxes on the temporary storage partitions are difficult to be picked by the picking staff, which increases the difficulty of the staff. If a single telescopic fork mechanism is used to lift and clamp the cargo boxes, the handling efficiency of the handling robot will be reduced.
  • the present application provides a handling robot, which improves the handling efficiency of the handling robot for cargo boxes, improves the convenience of picking operations, and improves the efficiency of picking and logistics.
  • This application provides a warehousing logistics system to improve the efficiency of the warehousing logistics system.
  • a handling robot comprising: a mobile chassis, a stand provided on the mobile chassis, and at least one box taking mechanism provided on the stand, the box taking mechanism can be horizontally telescopic and vertical relative to the mobile chassis Straight lift to pick up the container on the storage container or place the container on the storage container;
  • a first temporary storage location is provided on the box removal mechanism, at least one second temporary storage location is provided on the box removal mechanism or the stand, and the second temporary storage location is located at the first temporary storage location Above or below each of the second temporary storage locations, each of the second temporary storage locations can accommodate at least one cargo box, and the second temporary storage locations are provided with fixed components, and the fixed components are configured to be in the first temporary storage locations When the cargo box in is raised to the second temporary storage position, the cargo box is fixed.
  • the fixing assembly includes a fixing member and a lifting driving mechanism, the fixing member is configured to fix the cargo box, and the lifting driving mechanism is configured to drive the fixing member to vertically lift.
  • the box taking mechanism is provided with an accommodating body, the accommodating body has an accommodating cavity as the second temporary storage location, and the accommodating cavity has an opening facing the first temporary storage location, The cargo box can enter the second temporary storage position from the first temporary storage position through the opening.
  • the accommodating body includes two side plates arranged in parallel and opposite to each other, the second temporary storage position is formed between the two side plates, and each of the side plates is provided with the fixed Components.
  • the stand includes two supporting columns arranged opposite to each other, the second temporary storage location is located at the top end of the stand and is formed between the two supporting columns, and the fixing assembly is arranged On the supporting column, or the fixing assembly is arranged on a reinforced beam connected to the top ends of the two supporting columns.
  • the first temporary storage location and the second temporary storage location both have the cargo box, there is a picking worker between the cargo boxes in two adjacent temporary storage locations The gap for picking.
  • the fixing assembly includes a hook, and the hook is configured to be clamped with the upper flange of the cargo box.
  • the hook includes a vertically arranged elastic arm, a lower end of the elastic arm is provided with a hook portion, and the hook portion is located at a position of the elastic arm facing the center of the second temporary storage position. side.
  • the lower end of the hook portion is provided with a guiding inclined surface, and the guiding inclined surface extends obliquely from bottom to top in a direction toward the center of the second temporary storage position.
  • the fixing assembly further includes an electric claw, the electric claw is configured to be able to grab or release the upper flange of the cargo box.
  • the stand includes two supporting columns arranged opposite and spaced apart, and the first temporary storage position and the second temporary storage position are located between the two supporting columns.
  • a buffer limit component is further provided in the second temporary storage location.
  • the box taking mechanism includes a temporary storage board that is horizontally arranged and two fixed plates arranged on opposite sides of the temporary storage board, and the fixed board is vertically connected to the temporary storage board.
  • the temporary storage board and the two fixed plates are surrounded by the first temporary storage location.
  • the box taking mechanism further includes:
  • a shift lever assembly configured to shift the cargo box to move the cargo box between the temporary storage board and the inventory container;
  • a telescopic component which is connected to the temporary storage board and the shift lever assembly, and is configured to drive the shift lever assembly to expand and contract horizontally relative to the temporary storage board.
  • the telescopic component is a two-stage synchronous telescopic structure or a three-stage synchronous telescopic structure.
  • the telescopic assembly is capable of bidirectional expansion and contraction, so that the box picking mechanism can pick and place the boxes in the inventory containers on opposite sides of the handling robot.
  • a warehousing logistics system includes the above-mentioned handling robot.
  • the handling robot provided in this application has a first temporary storage location and a second temporary storage location. After the handling robot picks up a cargo box, the pickup mechanism pushes the cargo box in the first temporary storage location into the second temporary storage location through a lifting operation. In the temporary storage position, the container is locked by the fixed component in the second temporary storage position, and the space of the first temporary storage position in the box taking mechanism is released, so that the box taking mechanism can continue to pick up the next container, so that the handling robot can at least Carrying two boxes at the same time improves the handling efficiency of the handling robot; and because the first temporary storage location is provided on the box picking mechanism, at least the box carried on the box picking mechanism can be lifted to a height suitable for picking workers to pick, improving the picking Operational convenience.
  • the warehousing logistics system provided by the present application can improve the efficiency of container handling and warehousing logistics by using the above-mentioned handling robot for handling operations.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a handling robot provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of I in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a box taking mechanism provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the structure in Fig. 3 after the protective casing is removed;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a handling robot provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a box taking mechanism provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the box removal mechanism provided in the third embodiment of the present application after the temporary storage board is removed.
  • 10- box picking mechanism 20-stand; 201-support column; 202-reinforced beam; 30-mobile chassis; 40-cargo box; 401-flange; 50-hook; 501-flexible arm; 502-hook ; 5021-Guide slope;
  • 1-temporary storage board 11-temporary storage board body; 12-guide part;
  • 2- telescopic component 21- fixed plate; 22- connecting plate; 23- telescopic plate; 24- extension plate; 25- telescopic transmission component; 251- first pulley; 252- first synchronous belt; 253- second belt Wheel; 254-second timing belt; 255-third pulley; 256-third timing belt; 257-transmission rack; 26-retractable drive assembly; 27-synchronous transmission assembly; 271-transmission shaft; 272-fourth Pulley; 273—Fifth pulley; 274—Fourth timing belt; 28—Telescopic guide assembly; 281—First guide groove; 282—Second guide groove; 283—First guide rail; 284—Second guide rail;
  • 3-shift lever assembly 31-shift lever; 32-shift lever driver;
  • connection shall be interpreted broadly, for example, they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated. ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • connection shall be interpreted broadly, for example, they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated. ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • the "on" or “under” of the first feature of the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through other features between them.
  • the "above”, “above” and “above” of the first feature on the second feature include the first feature directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or it simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature include the first feature directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.
  • the terms “upper”, “lower”, “right”, and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplifying operations, rather than indicating It may also imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.
  • the terms “first” and “second” are only used to distinguish them in description, and have no special meaning.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a handling robot provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • this embodiment provides a handling robot, which is configured to carry and pick up and place a cargo box 40, which is mainly used in warehousing and logistics.
  • the container 40 storing the order goods or express delivery is taken, placed and transported, so as to realize the order-based pickup or loading operation. It can also be applied to other places where the cargo box 40 or cargo needs to be transported.
  • the application of the transport robot in this embodiment is only exemplary, and this embodiment does not limit this.
  • the handling robot provided in this embodiment includes a mobile chassis 30, a stand 20, at least one box taking mechanism 10, a detection component, and a controller.
  • the mobile chassis 30 is set to realize the movement of the handling robot on the ground to realize the transportation of the cargo box 40 by the handling robot;
  • the stand 20 is set on the mobile chassis 30 to fix and support the box taking mechanism 10;
  • 10 is set on the stand 20, and the box taking mechanism 10 can be horizontally telescopic and vertically lifted relative to the mobile chassis 30 to pick up the cargo box 40 on the storage container or place the cargo box 40 on the storage container;
  • detection assembly It is set to detect the working status of the handling robot and the state of the external environment;
  • the controller is set to obtain the order information of the warehousing logistics, and based on the order information and the detection result of the detection component, the operation of the handling robot is intelligently controlled.
  • the mobile chassis 30 includes a chassis body and a driving wheel mechanism provided at the bottom of the chassis body, and the driving wheel mechanism is configured to realize the movement of the mobile chassis 30.
  • the driving wheel mechanism can be in the form of a differential drive.
  • the driving wheel mechanism includes a driving wheel motor, two driving wheels arranged at the bottom of the chassis body, and a first fixing assembly connecting the driving wheel motor and the two driving wheels.
  • the two driving wheels are respectively arranged on both sides of the chassis body, the driving wheel motor is arranged inside the chassis body, and its rotating output shaft is connected with the driving wheel and drives the driving wheel to move, so as to realize the linear or turning movement of the mobile chassis 30.
  • the driving wheel mechanism is arranged on both sides of the middle of the mobile chassis 30, which is beneficial to improve the smoothness of the movement of the mobile chassis 30.
  • the chassis body can also be provided with multiple universal driven wheels.
  • a pair of universal driven wheels can be provided on the front and rear of the chassis body, and the two pairs of universal driven wheels can be arranged symmetrically with respect to the pair of driving wheels. It is beneficial to improve the smooth motion of the mobile chassis 30, especially the turning motion stability of the mobile chassis 301, and prevent the mobile chassis 301 from tipping to one side during the movement.
  • the drive wheel mechanism can also adopt other mechanisms that can drive the chassis body to move.
  • This embodiment does not limit the form of the drive wheel mechanism, nor does it limit the structure of the mobile chassis 30, as long as the structure that can drive the stand 20 to move can be implemented.
  • the stand 20 includes two supporting columns 201 arranged vertically and relatively spaced apart.
  • the box taking mechanism 10 is arranged between the supporting columns 201 and is connected to the two supporting columns 201 through a lifting mechanism, so that the box taking mechanism 10 can face the supporting columns.
  • 201 is vertically lifted, and between the two supporting columns 201 is formed a movable space for the supply box 40 and the box taking mechanism 10 to vertically lift.
  • the box taking mechanism 10 is provided with a first temporary storage location 60 set as a temporary storage box 40, and the stand 20 is provided with at least one second temporary storage location 61 set as a temporary storage box 40, each One of the second temporary storage locations 61 can accommodate at least one cargo box (40), the second temporary storage location 61 is formed between the two support columns 201, and the second temporary storage location 61 may be located in the first temporary storage location 60 Above or below, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the second temporary storage location 61 is located above the first temporary storage location 60.
  • the box taking mechanism 10 can push the cargo box 40 in the first temporary storage position 60 into the second temporary storage position 61 by vertical lifting, and the second temporary storage position 61 is provided with a fixing assembly for locking the cargo box 40.
  • the handling robot provided in this embodiment has a first temporary storage location and a second temporary storage location. After the handling robot picks up a cargo box 40, the box picking mechanism 10 lifts and lowers the cargo box 40 in the first temporary storage location. Push into the second temporary storage position, so that the cargo box 40 is locked by the fixed component in the second temporary storage position, and release the space of the first temporary storage position in the box taking mechanism 10 so that the box taking mechanism 10 can continue to pick up the next goods
  • the box 40 enables the handling robot to carry at least two cargo boxes 40 at the same time, which improves the handling efficiency of the handling robot.
  • the picking efficiency and the applicability of the handling robot can provide greater convenience for the picking operation of the picking staff; at the same time, because the stand 20 is not provided with a temporary storage partition, it can avoid the separation of the box picking mechanism 10 from the temporary storage during operation.
  • the structural interference between the plates improves the convenience of setting the box taking mechanism 10, simplifies the overall structure of the handling robot, and simplifies the control complexity of the box taking mechanism 10.
  • each supporting column 201 includes a vertically arranged supporting vertical plate and vertical supporting vertical columns located on opposite sides of the supporting vertical plate, and the supporting vertical plates of the two supporting columns 201 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart.
  • the two supporting uprights are located inside the supporting upright plate, and the two supporting uprights and the supporting upright plate form a U-shaped structure with an opening facing the other supporting column 201. This arrangement can protect the structure arranged in the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped structure.
  • the supporting vertical plate is in a plate-shaped state
  • the supporting vertical column is formed by processing square steel, which improves the overall structural strength of the vertical frame 20 and facilitates the connection of the box taking mechanism 10 to the supporting vertical column.
  • reinforcing ribs are connected between two adjacent support columns.
  • the top ends of the two support columns 201 are provided with a reinforced beam 202 to avoid end shaking caused when the height of the support columns 201 is high.
  • each side of the box taking mechanism 10 may be provided with at least two support columns 201 spaced along the expansion and contraction direction of the box taking mechanism 10. This embodiment does not impose excessive restrictions on the structure of the stand 20.
  • the second temporary storage location is set on the top of the stand 20, and only one second temporary storage location may be provided, or multiple temporary storage locations may be set along the height direction of the stand 20.
  • Each second temporary storage location A fixing assembly configured to lock the cargo box 40 is provided in both of them.
  • the fixing assembly includes a hook 50 provided on the reinforced beam 202, the hook 50 and the flange at the upper end of the cargo box 40 401 card connection.
  • Two hooks 50 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the reinforced beam 202.
  • Each hook 50 includes a vertically arranged elastic arm 501 and a hook 502 arranged at the lower end of the elastic arm 501.
  • the upper end of the elastic arm 501 and the reinforced beam 202 The lower side of the hook 502 is connected, and the hook 502 is located on the side of the elastic arm 501 facing the other hook 50.
  • the hook portion 502 and the elastic arm 501 are formed with a groove with an opening toward the other hook 50, and the lower end surface of the hook portion 502 is provided with a guiding inclined surface 5021, and the guiding inclined surface 5021 extends obliquely from bottom to top in a direction away from the corresponding support column 201,
  • the guiding inclined surface 5021 is configured to allow the flange 401 of the cargo box 40 to be locked into the slot for guiding.
  • This type of fixing assembly has a simple structure.
  • the box removal mechanism 10 is raised so that the upper end surface of the cargo box 40 contacts the hook portion 502 of the hook 50 and is placed in the cargo box.
  • the 40 continues to move upward, the upper end surface of the upper flange 401 of the cargo box 40 presses the guide inclined surface 5021 to deform the elastic arm 501, and the flange 401 is squeezed into the slot to be clamped with the hook 50.
  • the hook 50 is fixed on the reinforcing beam 202. In other embodiments, the hook 50 may be disposed on the corresponding support column 201. Moreover, the structure of the fixing assembly in this embodiment is not limited to the hook 50. In another embodiment, the fixing assembly may also be an electric jaw that can automatically grab the upper flange 401 of the cargo box 40. When 40 falls into the second temporary storage position, the driving part of the electric jaw drives the electric jaw to grasp and fix the upper flange 401 of the cargo box. When the cargo box 40 in the second temporary storage position needs to be released, the electric jaw The driving part of the claw drives the electric claw to open. In yet another embodiment, the fixing assembly can also adopt other structures that can fix the cargo box 40 in the second temporary storage position, and no examples are given here.
  • the second temporary storage position is provided with a buffer limit component, which may be hydraulic
  • the limiter, the elastic gasket, the elastic expansion member, etc. are arranged to avoid collision and realize the structure in the related art of buffering, and this embodiment will not repeat them one by one.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the box removal mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the structure in Figure 3 after removing the protective shell.
  • each set of the box removal mechanism 10 includes temporary storage. Plate 1, telescopic assembly 2 and shift lever assembly 3.
  • the temporary storage board 1 is set to temporarily store the cargo box 40 picked up by the box picking mechanism 10;
  • the shift lever assembly 3 is set to move the cargo box 40 so that the cargo box 40 is in Move between the temporary storage board 1 and the storage container;
  • the telescopic assembly 2 is connected with the temporary storage board 1 and the shift lever assembly 3, and the telescopic component 2 is set to drive the shift lever assembly 3 to expand and contract horizontally relative to the temporary storage board 1.
  • the cargo box 40 can be cached on the temporary storage board 1, avoiding the lever assembly 3 or the telescopic assembly 2 from always supporting or carrying the cargo box 40 during the process of carrying the cargo box 40 by the handling robot, improving the access The service life of the box mechanism 10 is improved, and the installation stability of the cargo box 40 on the box taking mechanism 10 is improved.
  • the temporary storage board 1 and the shift lever assembly 3 may not be provided, but a pair of gripping arms are provided on the telescopic assembly 2 to grip and pick the cargo box 40, and the handling robot When the cargo box 40 is being transported, the gripping arms always hold and support the cargo box 40.
  • a pair of gripping arms are provided on the telescopic assembly 2 to grip and pick the cargo box 40, and the handling robot When the cargo box 40 is being transported, the gripping arms always hold and support the cargo box 40.
  • a telescopic component 2 is provided on opposite sides of the temporary storage board 1.
  • the telescopic component 2 is a two-stage synchronous telescopic structure, which is beneficial to increase the maximum length of the telescopic component 2 while reducing the expansion adjustment.
  • the telescopic assembly 2 includes a fixed plate 21, a connecting plate 22 and a telescopic plate 23 arranged in parallel, and a telescopic transmission assembly 25 and a telescopic drive assembly 26 that drive the connecting plate 22 and the telescopic plate 23 to expand and contract synchronously, wherein the fixed plate 21 and The temporary storage board 1 is connected vertically.
  • the telescopic transmission assembly 25 includes a first telescopic transmission component configured to realize horizontal expansion and contraction of the connecting plate 22 relative to the fixed plate 21 and a second telescopic transmission component configured to realize horizontal expansion and contraction of the expansion plate 23 relative to the connecting plate 22.
  • the first telescopic transmission assembly includes two first pulleys 251 arranged at both ends of the fixed plate 21 and a first timing belt 252 wound between the two first pulleys 251.
  • the central shafts of the two first pulleys 251 are located at the same height, and one of the first pulleys 251 is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor in the telescopic drive assembly 26, and the first pulley 251 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the output shaft of the driving motor. Thereby driving the first timing belt 252 to rotate.
  • the connecting plate 22 is located below the first synchronous belt 252, and the upper side of the connecting plate 22 is provided with a transmission rack 257 along its length.
  • the first synchronous belt 252 is a double-sided toothed synchronous belt. It meshes with the transmission rack 257 to make the connecting plate 22 driven by the first timing belt 252 expand and contract horizontally.
  • the second telescopic transmission assembly includes a second timing belt 254 and a second pulley 253.
  • the second pulley 253 is pivotally connected to the second end of the connecting plate 22 and passes through opposite sides of the connecting plate 22.
  • the rotating shaft is vertically arranged, the first end of the second timing belt 254 is fixed to the second end of the telescopic plate 23, and the second end of the second timing belt 254 goes around the second pulley 253 and passes through the connecting plate 22. It is fixed near the first end of the fixing plate 21.
  • the first end of the connecting plate 22, the first end of the telescopic plate 23, and the first end of the fixing plate 21 are all arranged oppositely. Taking the direction shown in FIG. 4 as an example, the first end of the connecting plate 22 One end, the first end of the telescopic plate 23, and the first end of the fixed plate 21 are the ends of the connecting plate 22, the telescopic plate 23, and the fixed plate 21 in FIG. 4 located below.
  • the connecting plate 22 When the connecting plate 22 is retracted relative to the fixed plate 21, since the second timing belt 254 bypasses the second pulley 253 provided on the connecting plate 22, and the length of the second timing belt 254 is constant, the second pulley 253 follows the connecting plate While 22 is moving in translation, the second pulley 253 is rotated relative to the second timing belt 254, which drives the length of the second timing belt 254 on the side of the connecting plate 22 facing the fixed plate 21 to increase, and the length of the side of the connecting plate 22 facing the telescopic plate 23. Decrease, thereby pulling the telescopic plate 23 to retract relative to the connecting plate 22.
  • the connecting plate 22 extends relative to the fixed plate 21
  • the second timing belt 254 and the second pulley 253 drive the telescopic plate 23 to extend relative to the connecting plate 22. Therefore, when the telescopic drive assembly 26 drives the first telescopic transmission assembly 25 to telescopically move, the telescopic plate 23 is synchronously driven to expand and contract with respect to the connecting plate 22, that is, the two-stage synchronous telescopic adjustment of the telescopic adjustment assembly is realized.
  • the telescopic transmission component further includes a third telescopic transmission component
  • the third telescopic transmission component includes a third timing belt 256 and a third pulley 255
  • the third pulley 255 is pivotally connected to the first end of the connecting plate 22 and penetrates On opposite sides of the connecting plate 22, the rotation axis of the third pulley 255 is vertically arranged.
  • the first end of the third timing belt 256 is fixed to the first end of the fixing plate 21, and the second end of the third timing belt 256 goes around the third pulley 255 and passes through the connecting plate 22 to be fixedly connected to the first end of the telescopic plate 23.
  • the working principle of the third telescopic transmission component can refer to the working principle of the second telescopic transmission component, which will not be repeated here.
  • the telescopic assembly 2 further includes a telescopic guide assembly 28.
  • the telescopic guide assembly 28 includes first guide grooves 281 respectively arranged on the inner side of the fixing plate 21 and the connecting plate.
  • the second guide groove 282 on the inner side of 22, the first guide rail 283 provided on the outer side of the connecting plate 22, and the second guide rail 284 provided on the outer side of the telescopic plate 23.
  • the first guide rail 283 is slidably connected to the first guide groove 281, and the second guide rail 284 It is slidably connected to the second guide groove 282.
  • the structure of the telescopic guide assembly 28 in this embodiment is not limited to this, as long as the telescopic guide of the connecting plate 22 relative to the fixed plate 21 and the telescopic guide of the telescopic plate 23 relative to the connecting plate 22 can be realized. Do not elaborate.
  • the two telescopic components 2 share one telescopic drive component 26, and two of the two telescopic components 2 correspond to
  • the first pulleys 251 are connected by a synchronous transmission assembly 27.
  • the synchronous transmission assembly 27 includes a fourth pulley 272 that is coaxially connected to the first pulley 251, a transmission shaft 271 that straddles the two telescopic components 2 and a fifth pulley that is sleeved on both ends of the transmission shaft 271.
  • the pulley 273 winds around the fourth timing belt 274 on the fourth pulley 272 and the fifth pulley 273 on the corresponding side.
  • the synchronous rotation between the two first pulleys 251 can be realized by other transmission structures, such as a sprocket chain structure, etc., which will not be described in detail here.
  • the telescopic assembly 2 provided in this embodiment can realize the bidirectional expansion and contraction of the telescopic plate 23 by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor, so that the cargo boxes 40 on the storage containers on opposite sides of the handling robot can be taken and placed, and The transmission form of the synchronous belt is adopted, the structure is simple, the setting is convenient, and the cost is low.
  • the structure of the telescopic component 2 provided in this embodiment is only an exemplary structure, and the telescopic component 2 is not limited to the above structure.
  • the telescopic component 2 can also adopt a structure that can realize two-level synchronous expansion in related technologies.
  • the first telescopic transmission component can be a rack and pinion transmission, a chain sprocket transmission, etc., or the telescopic component can also adopt a structure capable of two-step expansion and contraction in the related art, which will not be described in detail in this application.
  • a first protective shell 5 is provided on the upper side of the fixed plate 21, a first accommodating space is formed between the first protective shell 5 and the fixed plate 21, and the first telescopic transmission assembly 25 is located in the first In an accommodating space, the first accommodating space is configured to protect the first telescopic transmission component.
  • a second protective shell 6 is provided on the outer sides of both ends of the fixed plate 21, a second accommodating space is formed between the second protective shell 6 and the outer surface of the fixed plate 21, and the telescopic drive assembly 26 is located on the outer surface of the fixed plate 21
  • the fourth timing belt 274, the fourth pulley 272 and the fifth pulley 273 are located in the second accommodating space at the first end of the outer surface of the fixed plate 21.
  • the horizontal temporary storage board 1 and the two fixed plates 21 on opposite sides thereof form a first temporary storage location set to accommodate the cargo box 40, in order to prevent the cargo box 40 from entering the first temporary storage location and expanding and contracting.
  • Component 2 interferes.
  • baffles 4 are provided on opposite sides of the temporary storage board 1 corresponding to the telescopic assembly 2, and the baffles 4 are located inside the telescopic assembly 2 and extend along the telescopic direction of the telescopic assembly 2.
  • the distance between the two baffles 4 is slightly larger than the width of the cargo box 40 so that the cargo box 40 can be accommodated between the two baffles 4 and the baffle 4 can prevent the cargo box 40 from colliding with the telescopic assembly 2.
  • the baffle 4 includes a baffle body 41 and a guide plate portion 42 provided at both ends of the baffle body 41.
  • the first end of the guide plate portion 42 is connected to the baffle body 41, and the second end edge is away from the baffle body 41.
  • the direction of is inclined to extend toward the direction of the fixed plate 21, so that the two baffle main bodies 41 located at the same end of the temporary storage plate 1 have an outwardly flaring structure to guide the cargo box 40 into the first temporary storage position.
  • guide portions 12 are provided at both ends of the temporary storage board 1, the first end of the guide portion 12 is connected with the temporary storage board body 11, and the second end of the guide portion 12 is far away from the temporary storage board 1 main body.
  • the direction is inclined and extends downward to guide the transfer of the cargo box 40 to the temporary storage board 1.
  • the shift lever assembly 3 is arranged at the end of the telescopic plate 23 and includes a shift lever 31 and a shift lever drive member 32.
  • the fixed end of the shift lever drive member 32 is fixed to the telescopic plate 23, and the drive end of the shift lever drive member 32 and the shift lever 31 is connected to drive the lever 31 to switch between the working position where the cargo box 40 can be moved and the idle position where the cargo box 40 cannot be moved.
  • the shift lever driving member 32 is a drive motor
  • the output shaft of the drive motor is consistent with the length of the telescopic plate 23, and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to one end of the shift lever 31 to drive the shift lever 31 in a vertical plane. Internal rotation.
  • the shift lever 31 when the shift lever 31 is in the working position, one end of the shift lever 31 extends between the two telescopic plates 23, and the shift lever 31 is perpendicular to the telescopic plate 23.
  • the shift lever 31 When the shift lever 31 is in the idle position, the shift lever 31 is vertical. Set straight to avoid collision with other structures when the shift lever 31 is not working.
  • the application is not limited to this, and the working position and the idle position of the shift lever 31 can be set according to requirements.
  • the shift lever 31 can not only be rotated in a vertical plane, but also can be rotated in a horizontal plane to switch between the working position and the idle position.
  • the shift lever driving member 32 is a steering gear, which can accurately control the rotation angle of the shift lever 31 through the feedback mechanism and angle setting of the steering gear, and has a small volume, which is beneficial to the installation of the shift lever driving member 32 And settings.
  • the driving motor may also be another driving form capable of controlling the rotation angle, such as a servo motor.
  • Both ends of the telescopic plate 23 along the length direction are provided with shift lever assemblies 3.
  • the two shift lever assemblies 3 on the same telescopic board 23 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the cargo box 40. In order to better realize the movement of the cargo box 40 between the first temporary storage position and the inventory container, and at the same time, it can realize the transportation of the cargo box 40 on the inventory container on the opposite sides of the handling robot.
  • the telescopic assembly 2 controls the telescopic plate 23 to extend to the left until the two telescopic plates 23 are located on opposite sides of the cargo box 40, and the shift lever of the first shift lever assembly drives The piece 32 controls the shift lever 31 to rotate from the idle position to the working position.
  • the telescopic assembly 2 drives the shift lever 31 to retract to the right.
  • the shift lever 31 contacts one side of the cargo box 40 and drives the cargo box 40 to move to the temporary storage board 1.
  • the shift lever driving member 32 of the first shift lever assembly controls the shift lever 31 to return from the working position to the idle position.
  • the shift lever driving member 32 of the second shift lever assembly 3 controls the shift lever 31 to rotate from the idle position to the working position, and the telescopic assembly 2 Control the extension of the telescopic plate 23, so that the shift lever 31 of the second shift lever assembly 3 drives the cargo box 40 to move to the storage container; when the telescopic plate 23 has the maximum extension length, the shift lever of the second shift lever assembly 3 drives The member 32 controls the lever 31 to rotate from the working position to the idle position, and the telescopic assembly 2 controls the telescopic plate 23 to retract to the initial position.
  • the second lever assembly is used to move the cargo box 40 on the inventory container to the temporary storage board 1; when it is necessary to transfer the cargo box 40 on the temporary storage board 1
  • the first shift lever assembly is used to move the cargo box 40 on the temporary storage board 1 to the inventory container, which will not be repeated here.
  • each shift lever 31 is correspondingly provided with a shift lever driving member 32 to realize individual control of each shift lever 31 on the shift lever 31. In other embodiments, it may also be located in the same telescopic position.
  • the shift levers 31 at both ends of the plate 23 are driven by the same shift lever driving member 32.
  • one end of each telescopic plate 23 is provided with a shift lever 31.
  • the end of the telescopic plate 23 may also be provided with at least two shift levers 31 at intervals along the height direction.
  • the lifting mechanism can be, but not limited to, rack and pinion transmission, sprocket and chain transmission, timing belt transmission, screw nut transmission, connecting rod drive and friction roller transmission, etc.
  • the above-mentioned transmission forms are all relatively conventional lifting transmission forms in related technologies. This application There is no restriction on the transmission form and structure of the lifting assembly, and the structure of any lifting assembly that can realize the lifting movement of the shift lever assembly 3 and the temporary storage plate 1 in the related art can be referred to.
  • the two lifting mechanisms of the box taking mechanism 10 can be driven synchronously by the same lifting drive unit, or can be driven separately by two lifting drive units, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the handling robot is also provided with a control system, and the control system is configured to control the operation of various actions of the handling robot.
  • the control system includes a controller, an order management module, a navigation module, an information transmission module, an information processing module, an identification module, a display module, an alarm module, and a power supply module.
  • the drive wheel mechanism, the lifting drive unit, the telescopic drive assembly 26, the lever drive, the detection assembly and various modules in the control system are all connected to the controller.
  • the navigation module is set to realize the autonomous navigation function of the mobile chassis 30, so that the handling robot can plan the optimal path according to the position of the cargo box 40 and automatically navigate to the front of the inventory container where the cargo box 40 is located according to the optimal planned path.
  • the navigation method of the mobile chassis 30 may be two-dimensional code, barcode, and radar simultaneous localization and mapping (Simultaneous Localization And Mapping, SLAM) navigation, or the mobile chassis 30 may be guided to the target position through a traditional electric or magnetic guidance method.
  • the information transmission module includes a wireless communication module configured to realize the communication between the handling robot and the outside, and a wired communication module configured to realize the internal communication of the handling robot.
  • the wireless communication module is mainly set to wirelessly communicate with the order management center in the warehousing logistics system to receive order information, so as to realize the scheduling of the handling robot by the order management center.
  • the wired communication module is mainly set up as the internal communication between the controller and the mobile chassis 30, the lifting drive unit, the telescopic assembly 2 and the lever assembly 3 to control the mobile chassis 30 to move to a specific position and the lever assembly 3 to raise or lower to In a specific position, the shift lever assembly 3 is extended or retracted, or the shift lever is rotated to a specific angle, so as to realize the accurate acquisition and placement of the cargo box 40 by the box taking mechanism 10.
  • the order management module is set to receive the information sent by the order management center to the handling robot, and update the completed orders and uncompleted orders in a timely manner according to the handling actions of the handling robot, so that the system can monitor the order completion in real time.
  • the identification module is set to identify external information and convert it into an information form that can be processed by the controller, such as identifying the bar code information pasted on the ground to realize the path navigation of the mobile chassis 30, and identifying the tag code information pasted on the inventory container. Obtain the placement of the cargo box 40 on the inventory container, or identify the label code information on the cargo box 40, and obtain the information of the goods in the cargo box 40.
  • the label code information can be a QR code, a barcode or a radio frequency identification (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) radio frequency codes, etc.
  • the power supply module is configured to perform power control for the mobile chassis 30, and includes a rechargeable battery, a charging port, and a power on/off circuit provided on the mobile chassis 30.
  • the power supply module may be a wired charging module or a wireless charging module.
  • the display module is set to display the operating status of the handling robot, such as setting the status indicator to display the power status of the handling robot, and setting the display screen to display the order processing status, etc.
  • the alarm module is set to alarm the abnormal operating state of the handling robot to facilitate the staff to find the fault in time.
  • the alarm module may include at least one of a buzzer, a voice broadcaster, and a light emitting diode (LED) display.
  • LED light emitting diode
  • the detection component includes an environment monitoring module set to capture external environmental information and an obstacle avoidance sensor set to detect obstacles. Both the environment detection module and obstacle avoidance sensor are connected to the controller, and the environment detection module and obstacle avoidance sensor are set to assist the mobile chassis 30 Carry out navigation and obstacle avoidance to realize the smooth walking of the handling robot.
  • the detection component also includes a first detection sensor arranged at the middle of the inlet end of the temporary storage board 1 and configured to detect and identify the label information on the inventory container;
  • the second detection sensor set on the telescoping board 23, set to detect whether the cargo box 40 is located at the location of the third detection sensor.
  • the first detection sensor and the second detection sensor may be an RFID tag reader or a two-dimensional code reader
  • the third detection sensor may be a through-beam photoelectric sensor.
  • the first detection sensor, the second detection sensor, and the third detection sensor are conventional settings in the field, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.
  • This embodiment also provides a container handling method, which uses the aforementioned handling robot to carry the container.
  • the handling method provided in this embodiment includes steps S101 to S110.
  • Step S101 The control system allocates order tasks to the handling robot.
  • Step S102 The control system plans an optimal travel path based on the location of the target container in the order task.
  • Step S103 The handling robot navigates to the front of the target container according to the optimal travel path.
  • Step S104 the box taking mechanism 10 is lifted to be flush with the target container and transports the target container to the first temporary storage position.
  • Step S105 the box taking mechanism 10 is raised, and the cargo box 40 is raised to the second temporary storage position until the fixing component in the second temporary storage position fixes the cargo box 40.
  • Step S106 The handling robot moves to the front of the next target container, and returns to step S104. It can be understood that when there are multiple second temporary storage positions, the cargo box 40 is temporarily stored in the second temporary storage positions sequentially from high to low.
  • Step S107 After all the target boxes are picked up, the handling robot moves the boxes 40 to the picking work point.
  • Step S108 the box taking mechanism 10 is lifted to a height suitable for picking by the picking staff, so that the picking staff can pick the boxes 40 in the first temporary storage position.
  • Step S109 The box taking mechanism 10 is raised to the point that the cargo box 40 in the first temporary storage position is in contact with the cargo box 40 in the second temporary storage position, and the fixed assembly releases the cargo box 40.
  • Step S110 the box taking mechanism 10 is lowered to a height suitable for the picking personnel to pick the box 40 located on the uppermost layer.
  • step S109 and step S110 are repeated until all the boxes 40 are picked.
  • This embodiment provides a handling robot, and the structure of the handling robot provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the handling robot provided in the first embodiment, except that the structure of the fixed component is different from that in the first embodiment. The same structure of the first embodiment will be described again.
  • a fixing assembly is provided on opposite sides of the second temporary storage position corresponding to the support column 201, and the fixing assembly is configured to raise the cargo box (40) in the first temporary storage position to The cargo box is fixed in the second temporary storage position, and each fixing assembly includes a fixing part and an elevating driving mechanism that drives the fixing part to rise and fall vertically.
  • the fixing member is a hook.
  • the hook structure can refer to Embodiment 1.
  • the lifting drive mechanism may include a screw nut mechanism and a lifting drive motor.
  • the screw is vertically arranged on the inner surface of the support column 201, and the nut seat is sleeved
  • the lead screw is mounted on and matched with the lead screw
  • the lifting drive motor is arranged at the top and bottom of the support column 201, and the drive shaft of the lifting drive motor is connected with the lead screw, so that the rotation of the lead screw drives the nut base to vertically lift.
  • the side of the hook facing the corresponding side support column is connected with the nut base, so that the vertical lifting of the nut base drives the vertical lifting of the hook.
  • the fixed assembly further includes a lifting guide assembly configured to guide the nut seat.
  • the structure of the screw nut and the structure for guiding the nut seat are conventional arrangements in the art, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.
  • the fixing member By setting the lifting drive mechanism to drive the fixing member to vertically lift, the fixing member can be driven to approach the cargo box 40 to be placed in the second temporary storage position by the lowering of the fixing member, so as to shorten the height of the box taking mechanism 10 and reduce
  • the energy consumption required for the lifting and lowering of the small box taking mechanism 10 can be shortened, and the occupancy time of the cargo box 40 to be placed in the second temporary storage position in the first temporary storage position can be shortened, so that the fixed assembly can drive the cargo box 40 to rise to the second temporary storage position.
  • the position storage operation is performed synchronously with the operation of the box picking mechanism 10 to pick up another box 40, which improves the efficiency of picking up the box 40 by the handling robot.
  • the lifting drive mechanism drives the cargo box 40 in the second temporary storage position to descend, so that the cargo box 40 can reach a height suitable for the picking staff to pick, and it can also The distance between two adjacent containers 40 is increased, so that the picking operations of the two containers 40 can be performed simultaneously, and the picking efficiency is improved.
  • the lifting drive mechanism provided in this application is not limited to the screw nut mechanism.
  • the transmission mode of the lifting drive mechanism can also be timing belt transmission, sprocket chain transmission, gear rack transmission, etc., and the above lifting transmission modes are all in the field Commonly used methods, this embodiment will not repeat them one by one.
  • the fixing member provided by the present application is not limited to a hook, but can also be a claw that can be opened and closed electrically.
  • the claws can be connected by a tether.
  • the first end of the rope is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the second end is connected with the claw.
  • the rotating shaft is driven by the rotating motor, the tether is wound on the rotating shaft to increase the height of the claw, or the tether is moved from Unwind on the rotating shaft to reduce the height of the jaws.
  • This application does not limit the structure of the fixing member and the structure of the lifting drive mechanism, as long as the fixing member that can realize the fixation of the cargo box 40 and the lifting drive mechanism that can realize the vertical lifting of the fixing member are within the protection scope of this application. .
  • This embodiment also provides a method for transporting a cargo box.
  • the above-mentioned transport robot is used to transport the box.
  • the transport method provided in this embodiment includes steps S201 to S210.
  • Step S201 The control system allocates order tasks to the handling robot.
  • Step S202 The control system plans an optimal travel path based on the location of the target container in the order task.
  • Step S203 The handling robot navigates to the front of the target container according to the optimal travel path.
  • Step S204 The box taking mechanism 10 is lifted to be flush with the target container and transports the target container to the first temporary storage position.
  • Step S205 the lifting driving mechanism drives the fixing member to descend to fix the cargo box 40 in the first temporary storage position.
  • the box taking mechanism 10 can be raised, so that the cargo box 40 located in the first temporary storage position is raised, shortening the descending stroke of the fixing member, and improving the efficiency of lifting the cargo box 40.
  • step S205 can be performed synchronously with step S204.
  • Step S206 the lifting driving mechanism drives the fixing member to be raised, so that the cargo box 40 is temporarily stored in the second temporary storage position.
  • the cargo box 40 is temporarily stored in the second temporary storage positions sequentially from high to low.
  • Step S207 The handling robot moves to the front of the next target container, and returns to step S204.
  • step S207 and step S206 can be performed synchronously to reduce the idle time of the box picking mechanism 10.
  • Step S208 After all the target boxes are picked up, the handling robot moves the boxes 40 to the picking work point.
  • Step S209 the box picking mechanism 10 is lifted to a height suitable for picking workers, and the lifting drive mechanism drives the fixing member down to lower the cargo box 40 in the second temporary storage position to a height suitable for picking workers.
  • the cargo boxes 40 located in the second temporary storage positions can be sequentially lowered.
  • Step S210 the picking staff picks the cargo box 40 in the first temporary storage position and the cargo box 40 connected with the fixed assembly.
  • This embodiment also provides a warehousing logistics system, including the above-mentioned handling robot.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the handling robot provided by this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 5, this embodiment provides a handling robot which can carry cargo boxes.
  • the basic structure of the handling robot provided by this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the difference is that the setting method of the second temporary storage position and the setting method of the fixed component are different.
  • the same structure of the first embodiment will be described in detail.
  • At least one second temporary storage location 61 is provided on the box taking mechanism 10 and can be located above or below the first temporary storage location 60.
  • a container body 8 is provided on the box taking mechanism 10, and the container body 8 is connected to the upper side of the fixed plate 21, and the container body 8 has a container cavity serving as the second temporary storage position 61, and the container cavity has a first temporary storage position.
  • the opening of the storage position 60 allows the cargo box 40 to enter the second temporary storage position 61 from the first temporary storage position 60 through the opening.
  • the accommodating body 8 has a U-shaped structure with an opening facing the first temporary storage position.
  • the two side plates 81 of the U-shaped structure are respectively connected to the two fixing plates 21, and the top plate 82 of the horizontal side of the U-shaped structure is horizontal.
  • the structure of the containing body 8 of this kind is simple and the weight is small, so as to reduce the load of the mobile chassis 30.
  • the accommodating body 8 can also be a box structure with only a lower side opening or other types of structures, as long as it can be ensured that a second temporary storage location is formed in the accommodating body 8. And the cargo box in the first temporary storage location can enter the second temporary storage location.
  • the inner sides of the two side plates 81 are both provided with a fixing assembly
  • the fixing assembly includes a fixing piece and a lifting driving mechanism that drives the fixing piece to vertically lift.
  • the fixing member is a hook
  • the structure of the hook can refer to the first embodiment.
  • the lifting drive mechanism includes a lead screw nut assembly and a lead screw drive motor. The lead screw in the lead screw nut assembly is arranged vertically and both ends are rotatably connected to the side plate 81.
  • the lead screw drive motor is arranged on the top plate 82 and the lead screw drives
  • the drive shaft of the motor is arranged vertically and connected with the upper end of the screw; the nut seat is sleeved on the screw and matched with the screw, so that the rotation of the screw drives the nut seat to rise and fall vertically, and the nut seat is connected with the fixing part and fixed
  • the assembly also includes a guide assembly configured to guide the nut seat vertically ascending and descending. Both the screw nut assembly and the guide assembly are conventional arrangements in the field, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.
  • the hooks of the two fixing components are located on opposite sides of the cargo box 40, and the hooks of the hooks are located below the flange 401 of the upper end of the cargo box 40.
  • the lifting drive mechanism drives the hook to rise, and the hook part of the hook contacts and hooks the upper flange 401 of the cargo box 40 during the raising process.
  • the upper flange 401 drives the cargo box 40 located in the first temporary storage position to be raised to the second temporary storage position.
  • the handling robot provided in this embodiment can shorten the travel required for the cargo box 40 to move from the first temporary storage position to the second temporary storage position by arranging the second temporary storage position on the box taking mechanism 10.
  • the fixing member is not limited to a hook
  • the lifting driving mechanism is not limited to a screw nut assembly, as long as the fixing member can be used to fix the cargo box 40 and the fixing member can be vertically lifted and lowered.
  • the lifting and driving mechanisms of are all within the protection scope of this application.
  • the height of the side plate 81 is greater than the height of the cargo box 40, and when the cargo box 40 is located in the second temporary storage location, the cargo box 40 located in the second temporary storage location is different from the cargo box 40 located in the second temporary storage location. There is a gap between the cargo boxes 40 in a temporary storage position for picking workers to pick.
  • the cargo box 40 when the cargo box 40 is located in the second temporary storage location, there is a gap between the cargo box 40 and the top plate 82 for the picking personnel to perform the picking operation, so that the picking staff can simultaneously check the first temporary storage location and the first temporary storage location.
  • the cargo boxes in the temporary storage position are picked.
  • the top plate 82 may not be provided, so that it is more convenient for the picking staff to pick the container 40 in the second temporary storage position.
  • a second temporary storage location is provided on the box removal mechanism 10, but it is understandable that at least two second temporary storage locations can also be provided side by side along the height direction on the box removal mechanism 10 , Each second temporary storage location is provided with a fixing component on opposite sides. In other embodiments, multiple fixing members on the same side may share a set of lifting drive mechanism.
  • This embodiment also provides a method for transporting a cargo box.
  • the above-mentioned transport robot is used to transport the cargo box.
  • the transport method provided in this embodiment includes steps S301 to S309.
  • Step S301 The control system allocates order tasks to the handling robot.
  • Step S302 The control system plans the optimal travel path based on the location of the target container in the order task.
  • Step S303 The handling robot navigates to the front of the target cargo box according to the optimal travel path.
  • Step S304 the box taking mechanism 10 is lifted to be flush with the target container and transports the target container to the first temporary storage position.
  • Step S305 the lifting driving mechanism moves to drive the fixing member to be connected to the cargo box 40.
  • Step S306 the lifting driving mechanism moves to drive the fixing member to rise, and the cargo box 40 is raised to the second temporary storage position.
  • Step S307 The handling robot moves to the front of the next target container, and returns to step S304.
  • the cargo box 40 is temporarily stored in the second temporary storage positions sequentially from high to low.
  • Step S308 After all the target boxes are picked up, the handling robot moves the boxes 40 to the picking work point.
  • Step S309 the box taking mechanism 10 is lifted to a height suitable for picking by the picking staff, so that the picking staff can pick the boxes 40 in the first temporary storage location and the second temporary storage location.
  • This embodiment also provides a warehousing logistics system, including the above-mentioned handling robot.
  • This embodiment provides a handling robot. Compared with the first embodiment, the basic structure of the handling robot provided in this embodiment is the same, and only the structure of the telescopic assembly is different. In this embodiment, the same structure in the first embodiment will not be repeated.
  • the setting of the second temporary storage location and the fixing component can not only refer to the setting method of the first embodiment, but also refer to the setting method of the second and third embodiments. This embodiment will not Go into details.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the box removal mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the box removal mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application after the temporary storage board is removed, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in this embodiment
  • the telescopic assembly 2 is a three-stage synchronous telescopic structure, which can increase the extended length of the telescopic plate 23 and realize the picking of the shelves located on the inner side of the double-deep storage container.
  • the double-deep inventory storage means that the inventory container has two storage positions arranged side by side along the depth direction (the direction of expansion and contraction of the telescopic component).
  • the warehouse management of the warehousing logistics system in order to improve the space utilization of the warehouse, usually for each inventory container, one inventory container is arranged next to it on one side, and another inventory container is arranged on the other side at intervals. A passage for the handling robot to pass is formed between the storage containers.
  • the cargo box 40 located in the inner cargo space needs the extension plate of the telescopic assembly 2 to cross the outer cargo space before it can be moved by the lever assembly 3. Therefore, to pick up the cargo in the double-deep cargo space For the cargo box in the inner cargo space of the position, the maximum extension length of the telescopic component 2 needs to be increased.
  • the telescopic assembly 2 includes a fixed plate 21, a connecting plate 22, an extension plate 24, and a telescopic plate 23 that are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside, and also includes a connecting plate 22, a fixed plate 21, and a telescopic plate 23 that are set to achieve synchronous expansion and contraction.
  • Telescopic drive assembly 25 and telescopic drive assembly 26 are included in the telescopic drive assembly 26.
  • the telescopic drive assembly 26 includes a drive motor
  • the telescopic transmission assembly 25 includes a first telescopic transmission assembly configured to realize horizontal expansion and contraction of the connecting plate 22 relative to the fixed plate 21, and a second telescopic transmission assembly configured to realize horizontal expansion and contraction of the extension plate 24 relative to the connecting plate 22.
  • the transmission assembly and the third telescopic transmission assembly arranged to realize the horizontal expansion and contraction of the expansion board 23 relative to the extension board 24.
  • the first end of the connecting plate 22, the first end of the telescopic plate 23, the first end of the extension plate 24, and the first end of the fixing plate 21 are the connecting plate 22 and the telescopic plate in FIG. 23.
  • the extension plate 24 and the fixing plate 21 are located at the lower end.
  • the first telescopic transmission assembly includes first pulleys 251 arranged at both ends of the fixed plate 21 in the longitudinal direction and a first timing belt 252 wound on the two first pulleys 251.
  • the central axes of the two first pulleys 251 are located at At the same height, one of the two first pulleys 251 is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and the second end of the connecting plate 22 is detachably connected to the first timing belt 252 through the first connecting member 7.
  • the driving motor drives one of the first pulleys 251 to rotate
  • the first pulley 251 drives the first timing belt 252 to rotate
  • the connecting plate 22 moves with the first timing belt 252 to realize the horizontal expansion and contraction of the connecting plate 22 relative to the fixed plate 21.
  • the second telescopic transmission assembly includes second pulleys 253 arranged at both ends of the connecting plate 22 and a second synchronous belt 254 arranged on the two second pulleys 253, the centers of the two second pulleys 253 are located at the same height,
  • the second timing belt 254 is connected to the extension plate 24 through a second connecting member.
  • the third telescopic transmission assembly 25 includes third pulleys 255 arranged at both ends in the length direction of the extension plate 24 and a third synchronous belt 256 arranged on the third pulley 255.
  • the centers of the two third pulleys 255 are located at the same height.
  • the telescopic plate 23 is connected to the third timing belt 256 through the third connecting member.
  • Adopting the three synchronous belt transmission structure can realize the horizontal expansion and contraction of the connecting plate 22, the extension plate 24 and the expansion plate 23, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.
  • the telescopic assembly 2 is in the contracted state, that is, the initial state, the first connecting piece 7 is located near the second end of the fixing plate 21, the second connecting piece is located near the second end of the connecting plate 22, and the third connecting piece is located on the extension plate 24.
  • the first connecting member 7 is located near the first end of the fixing plate 21
  • the second connecting member is located near the first end of the connecting plate 22
  • the third connecting member is located near the first end of the extension plate 24. That is, the telescopic stroke of the connecting plate 22, the extension plate 24 and the telescopic plate 23 is smaller than the distance between the pulleys at the two ends of the connected synchronous belt.
  • the present application is not limited to the use of the above-mentioned telescopic assembly 2 to achieve three-stage expansion and contraction.
  • other three-stage synchronous telescopic structures in the related art may also be used to realize the synchronous expansion and contraction of the extension plate 24, the connecting plate 22, and the telescopic plate 23.
  • the structure of the connecting plate 22, the extension plate 24 and the telescopic plate 23 can be used to achieve the maximum extension of the telescopic plate 23.
  • the total length of the telescopic assembly 2 is greater than the sum of the lengths of the three cargo boxes 40, so that the telescopic plate 23 can pass over the front side of the double-deep cargo position.
  • One cargo space picks up the cargo box 40 in the rear cargo space.
  • two opposite sides of the temporary storage board 1 are provided with telescopic components 2, and the two telescopic components 2 are driven synchronously by the same telescopic driving component 26, and the telescopic driving component 26 drives the two telescopic components respectively through the synchronous transmission component 27.
  • the synchronous transmission assembly 27 includes a fourth pulley 272 sleeved on the output shaft of the drive motor, a transmission shaft 271 sleeved on the first pulley 251 of the two telescopic components 2 at both ends, and sleeved on the transmission shaft.
  • this embodiment is not limited to adopting the above-mentioned structure of the synchronous transmission assembly, and other structures that can realize the synchronous rotation of the two first pulleys 251 can also be adopted, and this embodiment will not be described one by one.
  • the handling robot provided in this embodiment is not only suitable for picking and placing the cargo box 40 in a double-deep storage container, but also suitable for picking and placing the cargo box 40 in a three-deep and four-deep storage container. And for double-deep and four-deep storage containers, when placed in a warehouse, every two adjacent storage containers are arranged at intervals to form a passage for the handling robot to pass between the two storage containers.
  • This embodiment also provides a warehousing logistics system, including the above-mentioned handling robot.

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Abstract

本申请属于仓储物流技术领域，公开了一种搬运机器人及仓储物流系统，其中，搬运机器人包括：移动底盘(30)、设置在移动底盘(30)上的立架(20)以及设置在立架(20)上的至少一个取箱机构(10)，取箱机构(10)能够相对移动底盘(30)水平伸缩及竖直升降，以拾取库存容器上的货箱(40)或将货箱(40)放置至库存容器上；取箱机构(10)上设置有第一暂存位(60)，取箱机构(10)或立架(20)上设置有至少一个第二暂存位(61)，第二暂存位(61)位于第一暂存位(60)的上方或下方，每个所述第二暂存位(61)可容纳至少一个货箱(40)，且第二暂存位(61)中设置有固定组件，固定组件被配置为在第一暂存位(60)中的货箱(40)被抬高至第二暂存位(61)中时固定货箱(40)。仓储物流系统包括上述的搬运机器人。

Description

一种搬运机器人及仓储物流系统
本申请要求在2020年5月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为202020785396.6的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及仓储物流领域，例如涉及一种搬运机器人及仓储物流系统。
背景技术
电子商务的快速发展，既给仓储物流行业带来了前所未有的发展机遇，也给仓储物流服务提出了严峻的挑战，如何高效率、低成本、灵活准确地进行包裹拣选一直是仓储物流行业所面临的难题。随着机器人技术的不断发展，出现了采用机器人将存放有待取放货物的目标库存容器搬运至人工工位，再由人工工位将库存容器上的产品取出放入订单箱中。但传统的“库存容器到人”的分拣方式，需要机器人将整个库存容器搬运至拣货区域，增加了机器人搬运的负载，造成了极大的资源浪费。
相关技术提供一种“货到人”拣选方式，其通过在搬运机器人上设置能够竖直升降和水平伸缩的伸缩叉机构实现对货箱的拾取，并在搬运机器人的暂存架上设置能够暂存货箱的暂存隔板，使拨叉机构从货架上拨动货箱至暂存架上的暂存隔板中，实现搬运机器人直接将货箱搬运至拣选点，避免对货架进行搬运，提高搬运效率。
但相关技术提供的搬运机器人，由于搬运机器人通过在暂存架上设置暂存隔板实现对货箱的暂存，当货架高度较高时，搬运机器人的高度若与货架一致，则位于高处的暂存隔板上的货箱难以被拣选工作人员拣选，提高工作人员的拣选难度；若使用单一伸缩叉机构对货箱进行升降夹持，则降低搬运机器人的搬运效率。
发明内容
本申请提供一种搬运机器人，提高搬运机器人对货箱的搬运效率，提高拣选操作便利性，提高拣选和物流效率。
本申请提供一种仓储物流系统，提高仓储物流系统的效率。
本申请采用下述技术方案：
一种搬运机器人，包括：移动底盘、设置在所述移动底盘上的立架以及设置在所述立架上的至少一个取箱机构，所述取箱机构能够相对所述移动底盘水平伸缩及竖直升降，以拾取库存容器上的货箱或将所述货箱放置至所述库存容器上；
所述取箱机构上设置有第一暂存位，所述取箱机构或所述立架上设置有至少一个第二暂存位，所述第二暂存位位于所述第一暂存位的上方或下方，每个所述第二暂存位可容纳至少一个货箱，且所述第二暂存位中设置有固定组件，所述固定组件被配置为在所述第一暂存位中的所述货箱抬高至所述第二暂存位中时固定所述货箱。
在一实施例中，所述固定组件包括固定件和升降驱动机构，所述固定件被配置为固定所述货箱，所述升降驱动机构被配置为带动所述固定件竖直升降。
在一实施例中，所述取箱机构上设置有容纳体，所述容纳体具有作为所述第二暂存位的容纳腔，所述容纳腔具有朝向所述第一暂存位的开口，所述货箱能通过所述开口从所述第一暂存位进入所述第二暂存位。
在一实施例中，所述容纳体包括平行且相对设置的两个侧板，两个所述侧板间形成所述第二暂存位，每个所述侧板上均设置有所述固定组件。
在一实施例中，所述立架包括相对设置的两个支撑柱，所述第二暂存位位于所述立架的顶端且形成于两个所述支撑柱之间，所述固定组件设置在所述支撑柱上，或所述固定组件设置在连接于两个所述支撑柱顶端的加强横梁上。
在一实施例中，当所述第一暂存位和所述第二暂存位均存在所述货箱时， 相邻两个暂存位中的所述货箱之间具有供拣选工作人员进行拣选的间隙。
在一实施例中，所述固定组件包括卡勾，所述卡勾设置为与所述货箱的上端凸缘卡接。
在一实施例中，所述卡勾包括竖直设置的弹性臂，所述弹性臂的下端设置有勾部，且所述勾部位于所述弹性臂朝向所述第二暂存位中心的一侧。
在一实施例中，所述勾部的下端设置有导向斜面，所述导向斜面由下至上沿朝向所述第二暂存位的中心方向倾斜延伸。
在一实施例中，所述固定组件还包括电动卡爪，所述电动卡爪被配置为能够抓取或释放所述货箱的上端凸缘。
在一实施例中，所述立架包括相对且间隔设置的两个支撑柱，所述第一暂存位和所述第二暂存位位于相两个所述支撑柱之间。
在一实施例中，所述第二暂存位中还设置有缓冲限位组件。
在一实施例中，所述取箱机构包括水平设置的暂存板和设置在所述暂存板相对两侧的两个固定板，所述固定板与所述暂存板垂直连接，所述暂存板和两个所述固定板围设形成有所述第一暂存位。
在一实施例中，所述取箱机构还包括：
拨杆组件，被配置为拨动所述货箱，以使所述货箱在所述暂存板和所述库存容器之间移动；
伸缩组件，伸缩组件与所述暂存板及所述拨杆组件连接，被配置为带动所述拨杆组件相对所述暂存板水平伸缩。
在一实施例中，所述伸缩组件为二级同步伸缩结构或三级同步伸缩结构。
在一实施例中，所述伸缩组件能够双向伸缩，以使所述取箱机构能够对所述搬运机器人相对两侧的库存容器中的所述货箱进行取放。
一种仓储物流系统，包括如上所述的搬运机器人。
本申请提供的搬运机器人，通过设置第一暂存位和第二暂存位，当搬运机器人拾取一个货箱后，取箱机构通过升降操作将第一暂存位中的货箱推入第二 暂存位中，使货箱在第二暂存位中被固定组件锁定，释放取箱机构中第一暂存位的空间，使取箱机构能够继续拾取下一货箱，使搬运机器人至少能够同时搬运两个货箱，提高搬运机器人的搬运效率；且由于取箱机构上设置有第一暂存位，至少取箱机构上携带的货箱能够升降至适合拣选工作人员拣选的高度，提高拣选操作便利性。
本申请提供的仓储物流系统，通过采用上述的搬运机器人进行搬运操作，能提高货箱搬运效率，提高仓储物流效率。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例一提供的搬运机器人的结构示意图；
图2是图1中I处的局部放大图；
图3是本申请实施例一提供的取箱机构的结构示意图；
图4是图3中结构去掉保护壳体之后的结构示意图；
图5是本申请实施例三提供的搬运机器人的结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例四提供的取箱机构的结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例三提供的取箱机构去掉暂存板之后的结构示意图。
图中标记如下：
10-取箱机构；20-立架；201-支撑柱；202-加强横梁；30-移动底盘；40-货箱；401-凸缘；50-卡勾；501-弹性臂；502-勾部；5021-导向斜面；
1-暂存板；11-暂存板本体；12-导向部；
2-伸缩组件；21-固定板；22-连接板；23-伸缩板；24-延伸板；25-伸缩传动组件；251-第一带轮；252-第一同步带；253-第二带轮；254-第二同步带；255-第三带轮；256-第三同步带；257-传动齿条；26-伸缩驱动组件；27-同步传动组件；271-传动轴；272-第四带轮；273-第五带轮；274-第四同步带；28-伸缩导向组件；281-第一导槽；282-第二导槽；283-第一导轨；284-第二导轨；
3-拨杆组件；31-拨杆；32-拨杆驱动件；
4-挡板；41-挡板本体；42-导向板部；
5-第一保护壳；6-第二保护壳；7-第一连接件；8-容纳件；81-侧板；82-顶板。
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本实施例的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“右”、等方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述和简化操作，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅仅用于在描述上加以区分，并没有特殊的含义。
实施例一
图1为本申请实施例提供的搬运机器人的结构示意图，如图1所示，本实施例提供了一种搬运机器人，设置为实现对货箱40的搬运和取放，其主要应用 于仓储物流行业，对存放有订单货物或快递的货箱40进行取放和运输，以实现基于订单的取货或上货操作。其也可以应用到需要对货箱40或货物进行搬运的其他场所，本实施例中对搬运机器人的应用仅为示例性，本实施例不对此进行限制。
如图1所示，本实施例提供的搬运机器人包括移动底盘30、立架20、至少一个取箱机构10、检测组件和控制器。其中，移动底盘30设置为实现搬运机器人在地面上的移动，以实现搬运机器人对货箱40的运输；立架20设置在移动底盘30上，设置为固定和支撑取箱机构10；取箱机构10设置在立架20上，且取箱机构10均能够相对移动底盘30水平伸缩及竖直升降，以拾取库存容器上的货箱40或将所述货箱40放置至库存容器上；检测组件设置为检测搬运机器人的工作状态及外界环境状态；控制器设置为获取仓储物流的订单信息，并基于订单信息和检测组件的检测结果，对搬运机器人的运行进行智能化调控。
示例性的，移动底盘30包括底盘本体和设置在底盘本体底部的驱动轮机构，驱动轮机构设置为实现移动底盘30的运动。驱动轮机构可以采用差速驱动的形式，驱动轮机构包括驱动轮电机、两个设置在底盘本体底部的驱动轮以及连接驱动轮电机和两个驱动轮的第一固定组件等。两个驱动轮分别设置在底盘本体的两侧，驱动轮电机设置在底盘本体的内部，且其转动输出轴与驱动轮连接并带动驱动轮运动，实现移动底盘30的直线或转弯运动。
在本实施例中，驱动轮机构设置在移动底盘30的中部两侧，有利于提高移动底盘30的运动平稳性。底盘本体上还可以设置多个万向从动轮，如可以在底盘本体的前部和后部分别设置一对万向从动轮，且使两对万向从动轮相对一对驱动轮对称设置，有利于提高移动底盘30的平稳运动，尤其是移动底盘301的转弯运动平稳性，防止移动底盘301在运动过程中向一侧倾倒。
驱动轮机构还可以采用其他能够带动底盘本体运动的机构，本实施例不对驱动轮机构的形式进行限制，也不对移动底盘30的结构进行限制，只要能够实 现带动立架20移动的结构均可以，如相关技术中的机器人结构等。
立架20包括竖直且相对间隔设置的两个支撑柱201，取箱机构10设置在支撑柱201之间并与两个支撑柱201通过升降机构连接，以使取箱机构10能够相对支撑柱201竖直升降，两个支撑柱201之间形成有供货箱40和取箱机构10竖直升降的活动空间。
在本实施例中，取箱机构10上设置有设置为暂存货箱40的第一暂存位60，立架20上设置有设置为暂存货箱40的至少一个第二暂存位61，每个所述第二暂存位61可容纳至少一个货箱(40)，第二暂存位61形成于两个支撑柱201之间，且第二暂存位61可以位于第一暂存位60的上方或下方，示例性的，如图1所示，第二暂存位61位于第一暂存位60的上方。取箱机构10能通过竖直升降将第一暂存位60中的货箱40推入第二暂存位61中，且第二暂存位61中设置有用于锁定货箱40的固定组件。
本实施例提供的搬运机器人，通过设置第一暂存位和第二暂存位，当搬运机器人拾取一个货箱40后，取箱机构10通过升降操作将第一暂存位中的货箱40推入第二暂存位中，使货箱40在第二暂存位中被固定组件锁定，释放取箱机构10中第一暂存位的空间，使取箱机构10能够继续拾取下一货箱40，使搬运机器人至少能够同时搬运两个货箱40，提高搬运机器人的搬运效率。
同时，由于立架20上不设置暂存隔板，至少一个货箱40被取箱机构10拾取后保持在取箱机构10上，使取箱机构10能够带动货箱40竖直升降，以使货箱40在拣选过程中能够下降至适合拣选工作人员进行拣选的高度，提高工作效率，使搬运机器人能够更好地适用于具有较高层数的库存容器上货箱40取放，提高货箱40拣选效率和搬运机器人的适用性，且能够为拣选工作人员的拣选操作提供较大便利；同时，由于立架20上不设置暂存隔板，能够避免取箱机构10运行过程中与暂存隔板之间的结构干涉，提高取箱机构10的设置便利性，简化搬运机器人的整体结构，简化取箱机构10的控制复杂性。
在一个实施例中，每个支撑柱201均包括竖直设置的支撑立板和竖直设置且位于支撑立板相对两侧的支撑立柱，两个支撑柱201的支撑立板平行且间隔设置，两个支撑立柱位于支撑立板的内侧，且两个支撑立柱和支撑立板形成开口朝向另一支撑柱201的U型结构。该种设置，能够为设置在U型结构的U型槽中的结构进行保护。
示例性的，支撑立板呈板状状态，支撑立柱采用方形钢加工形成，提高立架20的整体结构强度，且方便取箱机构10与支撑立柱连接。在一个实施例中，为提高立架20的结构强度，相邻两个支撑立柱之间连接有加强筋条。在一个实施例中，两个支撑柱201的顶端设置有加强横梁202，避免支撑柱201高度较高时引起的末端晃动等情况。
本实施例提供的立架20整体结构简单，加工方便。在其他实施例中，取箱机构10的每一侧均可沿取箱机构10的伸缩方向间隔设置至少两个支撑柱201，本实施例对立架20的结构不做过多限制。
在本实施例中，第二暂存位设置在立架20的顶部，且第二暂存位可以仅设置一个，也可以沿立架20的高度方向设置多个，每个第二暂存位中均设置有设置为锁定货箱40的固定组件。
图2是图1中I处的局部放大图，如图2所示，在本实施例中，固定组件包括设置在加强横梁202上的卡勾50，卡勾50与货箱40上端的凸缘401卡接。沿加强横梁202的长度方向间隔设置有两个卡勾50，每个卡勾50包括竖直设置的弹性臂501和设置在弹性臂501下端的勾部502，弹性臂501的上端与加强横梁202的下侧面连接，勾部502位于弹性臂501朝向另一卡勾50的一侧。
勾部502与弹性臂501形成有开口朝向另一卡勾50的卡槽，且勾部502的下端面设置有导向斜面5021，导向斜面5021由下至上沿远离对应支撑柱201的方向倾斜延伸，导向斜面5021设置为为货箱40的凸缘401卡入卡槽进行导向。
该种固定组件的设置形式，结构简单，当第一暂存位中存在货箱40时，取箱机构10升高，使货箱40上端面与卡勾50的勾部502接触并在货箱40继续向上运动的过程中，货箱40上端凸缘401的上端面挤压导向斜面5021，使弹性臂501发生变形，凸缘401挤入卡槽中与卡勾50卡接。
本实施例中，卡勾50固定在加强横梁202上，在其他实施例中，卡勾50可以设置在对应的支撑柱201上。且本实施例对于固定组件的结构并不限于卡勾50，在其他一个实施例中，固定组件还可以是能够对货箱40的上端凸缘401进行自动抓取的电动卡爪，当货箱40落入第二暂存位中时，电动卡爪的驱动件驱动电动卡爪对货箱的上端凸缘401进行抓紧固定，当需要释放第二暂存位中的货箱40时，电动卡爪的驱动件驱动电动卡爪张开。在其他又一实施例中，固定组件还可以采用其他可以对第二暂存位中的货箱40进行固定的结构，此处不再一一进行举例。
在本实施例中，为防止货箱40进入第二暂存位时升高高度过大而对立架20造成碰撞，第二暂存位中设置有缓冲限位组件，缓冲限位组件可以是液压限位其、弹性垫片、弹性伸缩件等设置为避免碰撞和实现缓冲的相关技术中的结构，本实施例不再一一进行赘述。
图3是本申请实施例提供的取箱机构的结构示意图，图4是图3中结构去掉保护壳体之后的结构示意图，如图3和4所示，每套取箱机构10均包括暂存板1、伸缩组件2及拨杆组件3，暂存板1设置为对取箱机构10拾取的货箱40进行暂存；拨杆组件3设置为拨动货箱40，以使货箱40在暂存板1和库存容器之间移动；伸缩组件2与暂存板1及拨杆组件3连接，伸缩组件2设置为带动拨杆组件3相对暂存板1水平伸缩。
通过设置暂存板1，能够使货箱40缓存在暂存板1上，避免拨杆组件3或伸缩组件2在搬运机器人搬运货箱40过程中始终对货箱40进行支承或携带，提高取箱机构10的使用寿命，且提高货箱40在取箱机构10上的设置稳定性。
在其他实施例中，也可以不设置暂存板1和拨杆组件3，而是通过在伸缩组件2上设置一对夹抱臂的方式对货箱40进行夹抱拾取，且在搬运机器人对货箱40进行搬运过程中，夹抱臂始终保持对货箱40的夹抱支撑。关于夹抱臂对货箱40的夹取过程及夹抱臂的结构可参考专利CN209536130U，此处不再进行赘述。
暂存板1的相对两侧分别设置一个伸缩组件2，在本实施例中，伸缩组件2为二级同步伸缩结构，有利于在增加伸缩组件2伸出的最大长度的同时，减小伸缩调节组件缩回时的尺寸，从而减小搬运机器人的整体尺寸，提高拨杆组件3的伸出或缩回效率。示例性的，伸缩组件2包括平行设置的固定板21、连接板22和伸缩板23以及驱动连接板22和伸缩板23同步伸缩的伸缩传动组件25和伸缩驱动组件26，其中，固定板21与暂存板1垂直连接。
伸缩传动组件25包括设置为实现连接板22相对固定板21水平伸缩的第一伸缩传动组件及设置为实现伸缩板23相对连接板22水平伸缩的第二伸缩传动组件。
如图4所示，第一伸缩传动组件包括设置在固定板21两端的两个第一带轮251及绕设在两个第一带轮251之间的第一同步带252。两个第一带轮251的中心轴位于同一高度，且其中一个第一带轮251与伸缩驱动组件26中的驱动电机输出轴连接，由驱动电机的输出轴转动带动第一带轮251转动，从而带动第一同步带252转动。
连接板22位于第一同步带252的下方，且连接板22的上侧边沿其长度方向设置有传动齿条257，第一同步带252为双面齿同步带，双面齿同步带的外齿与传动齿条257啮合，使第一同步带252的带动连接板22水平伸缩。
第二伸缩传动组件包括第二同步带254和第二带轮253，第二带轮253枢接于连接板22的第二端处并贯通连接板22的相对两侧，第二带轮253的转动轴竖直设置，第二同步带254的第一端固接在伸缩板23的第二端，且第二同步 带254的第二端绕过第二带轮253并穿过连接板22而固接于固定板21的第一端附近。当伸缩组件2位于收缩状态时，连接板22的第一端、伸缩板23的第一端及固定板21的第一端均相对设置，以图4所示方向为例，连接板22的第一端、伸缩板23的第一端及固定板21的第一端为图4中连接板22、伸缩板23以及固定板21位于下方的一端。
当连接板22相对固定板21缩回时，由于第二同步带254绕过设置在连接板22上的第二带轮253，且第二同步带254长度一定，第二带轮253随连接板22平移运动的同时，使第二带轮253相对第二同步带254转动，带动第二同步带254位于连接板22朝向固定板21一面的长度增加，位于连接板22朝向伸缩板23一面的长度减小，从而拉动伸缩板23相对连接板22缩回。同理，当连接板22相对固定板21伸出时，第二同步带254和第二带轮253带动伸缩板23相对连接板22伸出。从而，当伸缩驱动组件26驱动第一伸缩传动组件25伸缩运动时，同步带动伸缩板23相对连接板22的伸缩，即实现伸缩调节组件的两级同步伸缩调节。
示例性的，伸缩传动组件还包括第三伸缩传动组件，第三伸缩传动组件包括第三同步带256和第三带轮255，第三带轮255枢接于连接板22的第一端并贯通连接板22的相对两侧，第三带轮255的转动轴竖直设置。第三同步带256的第一端固定于固定板21的第一端，第三同步带256的第二端绕过第三带轮255并穿过连接板22而固定接于伸缩板23的第二端。第三伸缩传动组件的工作原理可参考第二伸缩传动组件的动作原理，此处不再进行赘述。
在本实施例中，为了提高伸缩组件2的伸缩运动平稳性，伸缩组件2还包括伸缩导向组件28，伸缩导向组件28包括分别设置在固定板21内侧的第一导槽281、设置在连接板22内侧的第二导槽282、设置在连接板22外侧的第一导轨283和设置在伸缩板23外侧的第二导轨284，第一导轨283与第一导槽281滑动连接，第二导轨284和第二导槽282滑动连接。但本实施例对伸缩导向组 件28的结构并不限于此，只要能够实现连接板22相对固定板21的伸缩导向及伸缩板23相对连接板22的伸缩导向的结构均可，本实施例对此不做详述。
在本实施例中，为提高暂存板1相对两侧的两个伸缩组件2的伸缩同步性，两套伸缩组件2共用一个伸缩驱动组件26，且两个伸缩组件2中的两个对应的第一带轮251之间通过同步传动组件27连接。示例性的，同步传动组件27包括与第一带轮251同轴连接的第四带轮272，跨设于两个伸缩组件2之间的传动轴271、套设在传动轴271两端的第五带轮273，绕设在对应侧的第四带轮272和第五带轮273上的第四同步带274。在其他实施例中，两个第一带轮251之间的同步转动可以采用其他的传动结构实现，如链轮链条结构等，此处不再进行详述。
本实施例提供的伸缩组件2，通过控制驱动电机的正反转，可以实现伸缩板23的双向伸缩，以对位于搬运机器人相对两侧的库存容器上的货箱40均能进行取放，且采用同步带的传动形式，结构简单，设置方便，成本较低。但可以理解的是，本实施例提供的伸缩组件2的结构仅为示例性结构，伸缩组件2并不限于以上结构，伸缩组件2还可以采用相关技术中的能够实现二级同步伸缩的结构，如第一伸缩传动组件可以为齿轮齿条传动、链条链轮传动等，或伸缩组件还可以采用相关技术中的能够实现二级分步伸缩的结构，本申请对此不做一一详述。
为对取箱机构10进行保护，固定板21的上侧设置有第一保护壳5，第一保护壳5与固定板21之间形成有第一容置空间，第一伸缩传动组件25位于第一容置空间中，第一容置空间设置为对第一伸缩传动组件进行保护。示例性的，固定板21的两端外侧设置有第二保护壳6，第二保护壳6与固定板21外侧面之间形成有第二容置空间，伸缩驱动组件26位于固定板21外侧面第二端的一个第二容置空间中，第四同步带274、第四带轮272及第五带轮273位于固定板21外侧面第一端的第二容置空间中。
水平设置的暂存板1和位于其相对两侧的两个固定板21合围形成设置为容纳货箱40的第一暂存位，为避免货箱40进入第一暂存位的过程中与伸缩组件2相干涉。示例性的，暂存板1对应伸缩组件2的相对两侧设置有挡板4，挡板4位于伸缩组件2的内侧且沿伸缩组件2的伸缩方向延伸。两个挡板4之间的间距略大于货箱40的宽度，以使货箱40可以容纳于两个挡板4之间，同时挡板4能够避免货箱40与伸缩组件2相碰撞。
示例性的，挡板4包括挡板主体41和设置在挡板主体41两端的导向板部42，导向板部42的第一端与挡板主体41连接，第二端沿远离挡板主体41的方向向靠近固定板21的方向倾斜延伸，以使位于暂存板1同一端的两个挡板主体41之间呈向外扩口的结构，为货箱40进入第一暂存位进行导向。
可选的，暂存板1的两端进口处设置有导向部12，导向部12的第一端与暂存板主体连11接，导向部12的第二端沿远离暂存板1主体的方向向下倾斜延伸，以为货箱40移载到暂存板1上进行导向。
拨杆组件3设置在伸缩板23的端部，其包括拨杆31和拨杆驱动件32，拨杆驱动件32的固定端与伸缩板23固定，拨杆驱动件32的驱动端与拨杆31连接，以带动拨杆31在能够拨动货箱40的工作位置和不能够拨动货箱40的闲置位置间切换。示例性的，拨杆驱动件32为驱动电机，驱动电机的输出轴与伸缩板23的长度方向一致，且驱动电机的输出轴与拨杆31的一端连接，以带动拨杆31在竖直平面内转动。
示例性的，当拨杆31处于工作位置时，拨杆31一端伸入两个伸缩板23之间，且拨杆31与伸缩板23垂直，当拨杆31处于闲置位置时，拨杆31竖直设置，以避免拨杆31未工作时与其他结构发生碰撞。但本申请并不限于此，拨杆31的工作位置和闲置位置可以根据需求进行设定。且拨杆31不仅可以是在在竖直平面内转动，也可以是在水平面内转动以实现工作位置和闲置位置间的切换。
在本实施例中，拨杆驱动件32为舵机，能够通过舵机的反馈机制和角度设置实现对拨杆31转动角度的精确控制，且体积较小，有利于拨杆驱动件32的安装和设置。在其他实施例中，驱动电机还可以为伺服电机等能够控制旋转角度的其他驱动形式。
伸缩板23沿其长度方向的两端均设置有拨杆组件3，当货箱40位于暂存板1上时，同一伸缩板23上的两个拨杆组件3分别位于货箱40的相对两侧，以更好地实现货箱40在第一暂存位和库存容器之间的移动，同时，能够实现对搬运机器人相对两侧的库存容器上的货箱40的搬运。
如以图3中所示方位为例，将位于左侧的拨杆组件3称为第一拨杆组件，将位于右侧的拨杆组件3称为第二拨杆组件，存在以下几种货箱40的取放情况：
当需要对搬运机器人左侧的货箱40进行拾取时，伸缩组件2控制伸缩板23向左伸出至两个伸缩板23位于货箱40的相对两侧，第一拨杆组件的拨杆驱动件32控制拨杆31从闲置位置转动至工作位置，伸缩组件2带动拨杆31向右缩回，同时，拨杆31与货箱40一侧面接触并带动货箱40移动至暂存板1上，当伸缩板23缩回至初始位置时，第一拨杆组件的拨杆驱动件32控制拨杆31从工作位置回复至闲置位置。
当需要将货箱40从暂存板1上转移至搬运机器人左侧的库存容器上时，第二拨杆组件3的拨杆驱动件32控制拨杆31从闲置位置转动至工作位置，伸缩组件2控制伸缩板23伸出，使第二拨杆组件3的拨杆31带动货箱40移动至库存容器上；当伸缩板23具有最大伸出长度时，第二拨杆组件3的拨杆驱动件32控制拨杆31从工作位置转动至闲置位置，伸缩组件2控制伸缩板23缩回至初始位置。
当需要对搬运机器人右侧的货箱40进行拾取时，采用第二拨杆组件将库存容器上的货箱40拨动至暂存板1上；当需要将暂存板1上的货箱40移载到搬运机器人右侧的库存容器时，采用第一拨杆组件拨动暂存板1上的货箱40至库 存容器上，此处不再一一赘述。
在本实施例中，每个拨杆31均对应设置有拨杆驱动件32，以实现每个拨杆驱动件32对拨杆31的单独控制，在其他实施例中，也可以是位于同一伸缩板23两端的拨杆31采用同一拨杆驱动件32驱动。且在本实施例中，每个伸缩板23的一端均设置有一个拨杆31，在其他实施例中，伸缩板23的端部也可以沿其高度方向间隔设置至少两个拨杆31。
在本申请中，暂存板1的相对两侧分别设置有一个升降机构，以提高暂存板1的升降稳定性。升降机构可以但不限于齿轮齿条传动、链轮链条传动、同步带传动、丝杠螺母传动、连杆驱动及摩擦滚轮传动等，上述传动形式均为相关技术中较为常规升降传动形式，本申请对升降组件的传动形式和结构不做限制，参考相关技术中任意能够实现拨杆组件3及暂存板1的升降运动的升降组件的结构即可。
在本实施例中，且取箱机构10的两个升降机构可以采用同一升降驱动单元同步驱动，也可以采用两个升降驱动单元分别驱动，本实施例对此不做限制。
在本实施例中，搬运机器人还设置有控制系统，控制系统设置为控制搬运机器人各个动作的运行。控制系统包括控制器、订单管理模块、导航模块、信息传输模块、信息处理模块、识别模块、显示模块、报警模块及电源模块等。驱动轮机构、升降驱动单元、伸缩驱动组件26、拨杆驱动件、检测组件及控制系统中的各类模块均与控制器连接。
导航模块设置为实现移动底盘30的自主导航功能，使搬运机器人能够根据货箱40位置进行最优路径规划并依据最优规划路径自动导航至货箱40所在库存容器前方。移动底盘30的导航方式可以为二维码、条形码以及雷达同步定位与地图绘制(Simultaneous Localization And Mapping，SLAM)导航，也可以是通过传统的电或磁引导方式引导移动底盘30运行至目标位置。
信息传输模块包括设置为实现搬运机器人与外部通讯的无线通讯模块以及设置为实现搬运机器人内部通讯的有线通讯模块。无线通讯模块主要设置为与仓储物流系统中的订单管理中心进行无线通讯以接收订单信息，以实现订单管理中心对搬运机器人的调度。有线通讯模块主要设置为控制器与移动底盘30、升降驱动单元、伸缩组件2及拨杆组件3之间的内部通讯，以控制移动底盘30移动至特定位置、拨杆组件3升高或降低至特定位置、使拨杆组件3伸出或缩回，或使拨杆旋转至特定角度，从而实现取箱机构10对货箱40的准确获取和放置。
订单管理模块设置为接收订单管理中心派送至搬运机器人的信息，并根据搬运机器人的搬运动作对已完成订单和未完成订单进行及时更新，方便系统对订单完成情况进行实时监控。识别模块设置为识别外部信息，并转化为控制器能够处理的信息形式，如识别贴覆在地面上的条形码信息用于实现移动底盘30的路径导航，识别贴覆在库存容器的标签码信息以获取库存容器上货箱40的放置情况，或识别货箱40上的标签码信息，获取货箱40中货物的信息，其中标签码信息可以为二维码、条形码或射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification，RFID)射频码等。电源模块设置为为移动底盘30进行电力控制，其包括设置在移动底盘30上的充电电池、充电端口和电源通断线路，电源模块可以为有线充电模块，也可以为无线充电模块。显示模块设置为显示搬运机器人的运行状态，如通过设置状态指示灯显示搬运机器人的电力状况，通过设置显示屏显示订单处理状况等。报警模块设置为对搬运机器人的异常运行状态进行报警，以方便工作人员及时发现故障，报警模块可以包括蜂鸣器、语音播报器和发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode，LED)显示等中的至少一个。
检测组件包括设置为拍摄外部环境信息的环境监测模块和设置为检测障碍物的避障传感器，环境检测模块和避障传感器均与控制器连接，环境检测模块和避障传感器设置为辅助移动底盘30进行导航和避障，实现搬运机器人的顺利 行走。
检测组件还包括设置在暂存板1进口端中部，设置为检测识别库存容器上的标签信息的第一检测传感器；设置在暂存板1两侧，设置为识别货箱40上的标签信息的第二检测传感器；设置在伸缩板23上，设置为检测货箱40所在位置是否存在货箱40的第三检测传感器。其中，第一检测传感器和第二检测传感器可以为RFID标签读卡器或二维码读卡器，第三检测传感器可以为对射式光电传感器。第一检测传感器、第二检测传感器和第三检测传感器为本领域的常规设置，本实施例不再进行赘述。
本实施例还提供了一种货箱搬运方法，采用上述的搬运机器人对货箱进行搬运，本实施例提供的搬运方法包括步骤S101至S110。
步骤S101、控制系统为搬运机器人分配订单任务。
步骤S102、控制系统基于订单任务中目标货箱所在位置，规划最优行程路径。
步骤S103、搬运机器人根据最优行程路径导航至目标货箱前方。
步骤S104、取箱机构10升降至与目标货箱平齐并将目标货箱搬运至第一暂存位中。
步骤S105、取箱机构10升高，将货箱40抬高至第二暂存位中，直至第二暂存位中的固定组件对货箱40进行固定。
步骤S106、搬运机器人移动至下一目标货箱的前方，并返回执行步骤S104。可以理解的是，当存在多个第二暂存位时，货箱40依次从高到低暂存在第二暂存位中。
步骤S107、当所有目标货箱均被拾取后，搬运机器人搬运货箱40至拣选工作点。
步骤S108、取箱机构10升降至拣选工作人员适合拣选的高度，以使拣选 工作人员对第一暂存位中的货箱40进行拣选。
步骤S109、取箱机构10升高至第一暂存位中的货箱40与第二暂存位中的货箱40接触，固定组件释放货箱40。
步骤S110、取箱机构10降低至位于最上层的货箱40适合拣选人员适合拣选的高度。
当存在多个第二暂存位时，重复执行步骤S109和步骤S110，直至所有货箱40均被拣选。
实施例二
本实施例提供了一种搬运机器人，且本实施例提供的搬运机器人的结构基本与实施例一提供的搬运机器人的结构相同，仅固定组件的结构与实施例一中的不同，本实施例不再对于实施例一相同的结构进行赘述。
在本实施例中，在第二暂存位对应支撑柱201的相对两侧均设置有一个固定组件，固定组件被配置为在所述第一暂存位中的货箱(40)抬高至第二暂存位中时固定货箱，每个固定组件包括一个固定件以及一个带动固定件竖直升降的升降驱动机构。可选地，固定件为卡勾，卡勾结构可参考实施例一，升降驱动机构可以包括丝杠螺母机构和升降驱动电机，丝杠竖直设置在支撑柱201内侧面，螺母座套设在丝杠上并与丝杠配合，升降驱动电机设置在支撑柱201的顶部和底部，且升降驱动电机的驱动轴与丝杠连接，以使丝杠的转动带动螺母座竖直升降。卡勾朝向对应侧支撑柱的一侧与螺母座连接，以使螺母座的竖直升降带动卡勾竖直升降。同时，为防止螺母座随丝杠转动，固定组件还包括设置为为螺母座导向的升降导向组件。丝杠螺母结构及为螺母座进行导向的结构为本领域的常规设置，本实施例不再进行赘述。
通过设置升降驱动机构带动固定件竖直升降，可以通过固定件的下降带动固定件接近待放置在第二暂存位中的货箱40，以缩短取箱机构10所需升高的 高度，减小取箱机构10升降所需能耗，且缩短待放置在第二暂存位中的货箱40在第一暂存位中的占用时间，可以使固定组件带动货箱40升至第二暂存位的动作与取箱机构10对另一货箱40进行拾取的动作同步进行，提高搬运机器人对货箱40拾取的效率。再者，当拣选工作人员对货箱40进行拣选时，升降驱动机构带动第二暂存位中的货箱40下降，以使货箱40能够到达适合拣选工作人员拣选的高度的同时，还能够增大两个相邻货箱40之间的距离，从而使两个货箱40的拣选操作可同步进行，提高拣选效率。
但本申请提供的升降驱动机构并不限于丝杠螺母机构，升降驱动机构的传动方式还可以是同步带传动、链轮链条传动以及齿轮齿条传动等，且上述升降传动方式均为本领域的常用方式，本实施例不再一一进行赘述。
且本申请提供的固定件并不限于卡勾，还可以是能够电动开合的卡爪，卡爪可通过系绳连接，支撑柱201的顶端或加强横梁202上设置水平设置的转动轴，系绳的第一端固接在转动轴上，第二端与卡爪连接，通过转动电机带动转动轴转动时，使系绳绕设在转动轴上以提升卡爪的高度，或使系绳从转动轴上解绕，以实现卡爪高度的下降。
本申请对固定件的结构和升降驱动机构的结构不做限制，只要能实现对货箱40的固定的固定件及能够实现固定件竖直升降的升降驱动机构均在本申请的保护范围之内。
本实施例还提供了一种货箱搬运方法，采用上述的搬运机器人对货箱进行搬运，本实施例提供的搬运方法包括步骤S201至S210。
步骤S201、控制系统为搬运机器人分配订单任务。
步骤S202、控制系统基于订单任务中目标货箱所在位置，规划最优行程路径。
步骤S203、搬运机器人根据最优行程路径导航至目标货箱前方。
步骤S204、取箱机构10升降至与目标货箱平齐并将目标货箱搬运至第一暂存位中。
步骤S205、升降驱动机构驱动固定件下降以固定位于第一暂存位中的货箱40。
此过程中，取箱机构10可以升高，使位于第一暂存位中的货箱40抬高，缩短固定件需要下降的行程，提高抬升货箱40的效率。
且步骤S205可以与步骤S204同步进行。
步骤S206、升降驱动机构驱动固定件升高，以使货箱40暂存于第二暂存位中。
可以理解的是，当存在多个第二暂存位时，货箱40依次从高到低暂存在第二暂存位中。
步骤S207、搬运机器人移动至下一目标货箱的前方，并返回执行步骤S204。
可以理解的是，步骤S207与步骤S206可以同步进行，以减少取箱机构10的闲置时间。
步骤S208、当所有目标货箱均被拾取后，搬运机器人搬运货箱40至拣选工作点。
步骤S209、取箱机构10升降至拣选工作人员适合拣选的高度，升降驱动机构驱动固定件下降以使位于第二暂存位中的货箱40下降至拣选工作人员适合拣选的高度。
当存在多个第二暂存位时，可使位于第二暂存位中的货箱40依次下降。
步骤S210、拣选工作人员对第一暂存位中的货箱40及与与固定组件连接的货箱40进行拣选。
本实施例还提供了一种仓储物流系统，包括上述的搬运机器人。
实施例三
图5为本实施例提供的搬运机器人的结构示意图，如图5所示，本实施例提供了一种搬运机器人，其能够对货箱进行搬运。
与实施例一相比，本实施例提供的搬运机器人的基本结构与实施例一相同，不同之处在于第二暂存位的设置方式和固定组件的设置方式不同，本实施例不再对与实施例一相同的结构进行赘述。
如图5所示，在本实施例中，取箱机构10上设置有至少一个第二暂存位61，且可以位于第一暂存位60的上方或下方。示例性的，取箱机构10上设置有容纳体8，容纳体8连接于固定板21的上方，且容纳体8内具有作为第二暂存位61的容纳腔，容纳腔具有朝向第一暂存位60的开口，使货箱40可以通过开口从第一暂存位60进入第二暂存位61中。在本实施例中，容纳体8呈开口朝向第一暂存位的U型结构，U型结构的两个侧板81分别与两个固定板21连接，构成U型结构横边的顶板82水平设置，该种容纳体8的结构简单，重量较小，以减轻移动底盘30的载重。
但是本申请对于容纳体8的结构并不限于此，容纳体8还可以为仅具有下侧开口的盒式结构或其他类型的结构，只要能够保证容纳体8中形成有第二暂存位，且第一暂存位中的货箱能够进入第二暂存位中即可。
在本实施例中，两个侧板81的内侧均设置有固定组件，固定组件包括固定件和驱动固定件竖直升降的升降驱动机构。可选地，固定件为卡勾，卡勾的结构可参考实施例一。升降驱动机构包括丝杠螺母组件和丝杠驱动电机，丝杠螺母组件中的丝杠竖直设置且两端均与侧板81转动连接，丝杠驱动电机设置在顶板82上，且丝杠驱动电机的驱动轴竖直设置并与丝杠上端连接；螺母座套设在丝杠上并与丝杠配合，以使丝杠的转动带动螺母座竖直升降，螺母座与固定件连接，且固定组件还包括设置为为螺母座竖直升降导向的导向组件。丝杠螺母组件和导向组件均为本领域的常规设置，本实施例不再进行赘述。
在初始状态下，即第二暂存位和第一暂存位不存在货箱40的情况下，卡勾的勾部位于第一暂存位中，且当货箱40进入第一暂存位中时，两个固定组件的卡勾分别位于货箱40的相对两侧，且卡勾的勾部位于货箱40上端凸缘401的下方。该种设置，当需要将货箱40送入第二暂存位时，升降驱动机构带动卡勾升高，卡勾勾部在升高过程中与货箱40的上端凸缘401接触并勾住上端凸缘401，从而带动位于第一暂存位的货箱40升高至第二暂存位中。
即，本实施例提供的搬运机器人，通过将第二暂存位设置在取箱机构10上，可以缩短货箱40从第一暂存位运动至第二暂存位所需行程。
可以理解的是，在本实施例中，固定件不限于是卡勾，升降驱动机构不限于是丝杠螺母组件，只要能实现对货箱40的固定的固定件及能够实现固定件竖直升降的升降驱动机构均在本申请的保护范围之内。
在本实施例中，可选地，侧板81的高度大于货箱40的高度，且当货箱40位于第二暂存位中时，位于第二暂存位中的货箱40与位于第一暂存位中的货箱40之间具有供拣选工作人员进行拣选的间隙。
示例性的，当货箱40位于第二暂存位中时，货箱40与顶板82之间具有供拣选人员进行拣选操作的间隙，以使拣选工作人员可以同时对第一暂存位和第二暂存位中的货箱进行拣选。在其他实施例中，也可以不设置顶板82，从而能更方便拣选工作人员对第二暂存位中的货箱40进行拣选。
如图5所示，本实施例中取箱机构10上设置有一个第二暂存位，但可以理解的是，取箱机构10上也可以沿高度方向并排设置至少两个第二暂存位，每个第二暂存位的相对两侧分别设置有一个固定组件。在其他实施例中，也可以是位于同一侧的多个固定件共用一套升降驱动机构。
本实施例还提供了一种货箱搬运方法，采用上述的搬运机器人对货箱进行搬运，本实施例提供的搬运方法包括步骤S301至S309。
步骤S301、控制系统为搬运机器人分配订单任务。
步骤S302、控制系统基于订单任务中目标货箱所在位置，规划最优行程路径。
步骤S303、搬运机器人根据最优行程路径导航至目标货箱前方。
步骤S304、取箱机构10升降至与目标货箱平齐并将目标货箱搬运至第一暂存位中。
步骤S305、升降驱动机构动作，带动固定件与货箱40连接。
步骤S306、升降驱动机构动作，带动固定件升高，货箱40抬升至第二暂存位中。
步骤S307、搬运机器人移动至下一目标货箱的前方，并返回执行步骤S304。
可以理解的是，当存在多个第二暂存位时，货箱40依次从高到低暂存在第二暂存位中。
步骤S308、当所有目标货箱均被拾取后，搬运机器人搬运货箱40至拣选工作点。
步骤S309、取箱机构10升降至拣选工作人员适合拣选的高度，以使拣选工作人员对第一暂存位和第二暂存位中的货箱40进行拣选。
本实施例还提供了一种仓储物流系统，包括上述的搬运机器人。
实施例四
本实施例提供了一种搬运机器人，与实施例一相比，本实施例提供的搬运机器人的基本结构相同，仅伸缩组件的结构不同。本实施例不再对于实施例一相同的结构赘述。
可以理解的是，本实施例中，第二暂存位及固定组件的设置不仅可以参考实施例一的设置方式，还可以参考实施例二和实施例三中的设置方式，本实施 例不再赘述。
图6是本申请实施例提供的取箱机构的结构示意图，图7是本申请实施例提供的取箱机构去掉暂存板之后的结构示意图，如图6和7所示，在本实施例中，伸缩组件2为三级同步伸缩结构，其能够增大伸缩板23伸出的长度，实现对双深位库存容器中对位于内侧的货架的拾取。
在本实施例中，双深位库存容置指库存容器沿纵深方向(伸缩组件的伸缩方向)并排设置有两个货位。在仓储物流系统的仓库管理中，为了提高仓库的空间利用率，通常对于每一个库存容器，其一侧紧邻设置有一个库存容器，另一侧面间隔设置有另一库存容器，且间隔设置的两个库存容器之间形成有供搬运机器人通过的通道。
该种设置下，双深位货位中，位于内侧货位的货箱40需要伸缩组件2的伸出板越过外侧货位才能被拨杆组件3拨动，因此，为拾取位于双深位货位中内侧货位中的货箱，需要增大伸缩组件2的最大伸出长度。
示例性的，伸缩组件2包括由外至内依次设置的固定板21、连接板22、延伸板24和伸缩板23，还包括设置为实现连接板22、固定板21和伸缩板23同步伸缩的伸缩传动组件25和伸缩驱动组件26。其中，伸缩驱动组件26包括驱动电机，伸缩传动组件25包括设置为实现连接板22相对固定板21水平伸缩的第一伸缩传动组件、设置为实现延伸板24相对连接板22水平伸缩的第二伸缩传动组件及设置为实现伸缩板23相对延伸板24水平伸缩的第三伸缩传动组件。
以图6所示方向为例，连接板22的第一端、伸缩板23的第一端、延伸板24的第一端及固定板21的第一端为图6中连接板22、伸缩板23、延伸板24及固定板21位于下方的一端。
第一伸缩传动组件包括设置在固定板21长度方向两端的第一带轮251及绕设在两个第一带轮251上的第一同步带252，两个第一带轮251的中心轴位于 同一高度，两个第一带轮251中的一个与驱动电机的输出轴连接，连接板22的第二端通过第一连接件7与第一同步带252可拆卸连。
即，当驱动电机带动其中一个第一带轮251转动时，第一带轮251带动第一同步带252转动，由于第一同步带252位于两个第一带轮251之间的部分水平设置且与连接板22连接，连接板22随第一同步带252动作，实现连接板22相对固定板21的水平伸缩。
第二伸缩传动组件包括设置在连接板22两端的第二带轮253及绕设在两个第二带轮253上的第二同步带254，两个第二带轮253的中心位于同一高度，第二同步带254通过第二连接件与延伸板24连接。
第三伸缩传动组件25包括设置在延伸板24长度方向两端的第三带轮255及绕设在第三带轮255上的第三同步带256，两个第三带轮255的中心位于同一高度，伸缩板23通过第三连接件与第三同步带256连接。
采用设置三个同步带传动结构能够实现连接板22、延伸板24及伸缩板23的水平伸缩，结构简单，成本较低。且当伸缩组件2处于收缩状态时即初始状态，第一连接件7位于固定板21的第二端附近，第二连接件位于连接板22的第二端附近，第三连接件位于延伸板24的第二端附近，且固定板21的第一端、连接板22的第一端、延伸板24的第一端及伸缩板23的第一端相对设置；当伸缩组件2处于最大伸长状态时，第一连接件7位于固定板21的第一端附近、第二连接件位于连接板22的第一端附近、第三连接件位于延伸板24的第一端附近。即连接板22、延伸板24与伸缩板23的伸缩行程小于所连接的同步带两端的带轮之间的间距。
但本申请并不限于采用上述伸缩组件2实现三级伸缩，在其他实施例中，也可以采用相关技术中的其他三级同步伸缩结构实现延伸板24、连接板22和伸缩板23的同步伸缩，或可采用连接板22、延伸板24和伸缩板23分级伸缩的结构实现伸缩板23的最大伸长。
在本实施例中，当伸缩板23处于最大伸长状态时，伸缩组件2的总长度大于三个货箱40长度的总和，以使伸缩板23能够越过双深位货位中位于前侧的一个货位而对后侧货位中的货箱40进行取箱。
在本实施例中，暂存板1的相对两侧均设置有伸缩组件2，两个伸缩组件2采用同一伸缩驱动组件26同步驱动，且伸缩驱动组件26通过同步传动组件27分别驱动两个伸缩组件2中的第一带轮251。
示例性的，同步传动组件27包括套设在驱动电机输出轴上的第四带轮272、两端分别套设有两个伸缩组件2的第一带轮251的传动轴271、套设在传动轴271上的第五带轮273以及绕设在第四带轮272和第五带轮273上的第四同步带274。
但本实施例并不限于采用上述的同步传动组件的结构形式，还可以采用其他能够实现两个第一带轮251同步转动的其他结构形式，本实施例不再进行一一举例说明。
可以理解的是，本实施例提供的搬运机器人不仅能够适用于双深位库存容器中货箱40的取放，还能适用于三深位和四深位库存容器中货箱40的取放，且对于双深位和四深位库存容器，在仓库中摆放时，每相邻两个库存容器均间隔设置以在两个库存容器之间形成用于搬运机器人通过的通道。
本实施例还提供了一种仓储物流系统，包括上述的搬运机器人。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种搬运机器人，包括：移动底盘(30)、设置在所述移动底盘(30)上的立架(20)以及设置在所述立架(20)上的至少一个取箱机构(10)，所述取箱机构(10)能够相对所述移动底盘(30)水平伸缩及竖直升降，以拾取库存容器上的货箱(40)或将所述货箱(40)放置至所述库存容器上；
    所述取箱机构(10)上设置有第一暂存位(60)，所述取箱机构(10)或所述立架(20)上设置有至少一个第二暂存位(61)，所述至少一个第二暂存位(61)位于所述第一暂存位(60)的上方或下方，每个所述第二暂存位(61)可容纳至少一个货箱(40)，且每个所述第二暂存位(61)中设置有固定组件，所述固定组件被配置为在所述第一暂存位(60)中的所述货箱(40)抬高至每个所述第二暂存位(61)中时固定所述货箱(40)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述固定组件包括固定件和升降驱动机构，所述固定件被配置为固定所述货箱(40)，所述升降驱动机构被配置为带动所述固定件竖直升降。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述取箱机构(10)上设置有容纳体(8)，所述容纳体(8)具有作为所述第二暂存位(61)的容纳腔，所述容纳腔具有朝向所述第一暂存位(60)的开口，所述货箱(40)能通过所述开口从所述第一暂存位(60)进入所述第二暂存位(61)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述容纳体(8)包括平行且相对设置的两个侧板(81)，两个所述侧板(81)间形成所述第二暂存位(61)，每个所述侧板(81)上均设置有所述固定组件。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述立架(20)包括相对设置的两个支撑柱(201)，所述第二暂存位(61)位于所述立架(20)的顶端且形成于两个所述支撑柱(201)之间，所述固定组件设置在所述支撑柱(201)上，或所述固定组件设置在连接于两个所述支撑柱(201)顶端的加强横梁(202)上。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的搬运机器人，其中，当所述第一暂存位(60) 和所述第二暂存位(61)均存在所述货箱(40)时，相邻两个暂存位中的两个货箱(40)之间具有供拣选工作人员进行拣选的间隙。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述固定组件包括卡勾(50)，所述卡勾(50)设置为与所述货箱(40)的上端凸缘(401)卡接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述卡勾(50)包括竖直设置的弹性臂(501)，所述弹性臂(501)的下端设置有勾部(502)，且所述勾部(502)位于所述弹性臂(501)朝向所述第二暂存位(61)中心的一侧。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述勾部(502)的下端设置有导向斜面(5021)，所述导向斜面(5021)由下至上沿朝向所述第二暂存位(61)的中心方向倾斜延伸。
  10. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述固定组件还包括电动卡爪，所述电动卡爪被配置为能够抓取或释放所述货箱(40)的上端凸缘(401)。
  11. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述立架(20)包括相对且间隔设置的两个支撑柱(201)，所述第一暂存位(60)和所述第二暂存位(61)位于相两个所述支撑柱(201)之间。
  12. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述第二暂存位(61)中还设置有缓冲限位组件。
  13. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述取箱机构(10)包括水平设置的暂存板(1)和设置在所述暂存板(1)相对两侧的两个固定板(21)，所述固定板(21)与所述暂存板(1)垂直连接，所述暂存板(1)和两个所述固定板(21)围设形成有所述第一暂存位(60)。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述取箱机构(10)还包括：
    拨杆组件(3)，被配置为拨动所述货箱(40)，以使所述货箱(40)在所述暂存板(1)和所述库存容器之间移动；
    伸缩组件(2)，所述伸缩组件(2)与所述暂存板(1)及所述拨杆组件(3) 连接，被配置为带动所述拨杆组件(3)相对所述暂存板(1)水平伸缩。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述伸缩组件(2)为二级同步伸缩结构或三级同步伸缩结构。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的搬运机器人，其中，所述伸缩组件(2)能够双向伸缩，以使所述取箱机构(10)能够对所述搬运机器人相对两侧的库存容器中的所述货箱(40)进行取放。
  17. 一种仓储物流系统，包括如权利要求1-16任一项所述的搬运机器人。
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CN117429891A (zh) * 2023-05-10 2024-01-23 广州市德奥模具有限公司 一种变速箱体毛坯装箱机构
CN117429891B (zh) * 2023-05-10 2024-05-03 广州市德奥模具有限公司 一种变速箱体毛坯装箱机构
CN117438366A (zh) * 2023-10-17 2024-01-23 浙江大族富创得科技有限公司 一种晶圆盒搬运机构及其搬运方法

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