WO2021217834A1 - 一种有机硅组合物 - Google Patents

一种有机硅组合物 Download PDF

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WO2021217834A1
WO2021217834A1 PCT/CN2020/097383 CN2020097383W WO2021217834A1 WO 2021217834 A1 WO2021217834 A1 WO 2021217834A1 CN 2020097383 W CN2020097383 W CN 2020097383W WO 2021217834 A1 WO2021217834 A1 WO 2021217834A1
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polyorganosiloxane
hydrogen
composition
silicone
platinum
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PCT/CN2020/097383
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French (fr)
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杨有忠
朱智
黄伟
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江苏四新科技应用研究所股份有限公司
扬州四新新材料科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021217834A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021217834A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D19/00Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/02Foam dispersion or prevention
    • B01D19/04Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
    • B01D19/0404Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances characterised by the nature of the chemical substance
    • B01D19/0409Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances characterised by the nature of the chemical substance compounds containing Si-atoms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D19/00Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/02Foam dispersion or prevention
    • B01D19/04Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04Polysiloxanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04Polysiloxanes
    • C08L83/06Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an organosilicon composition that can be used in organosilicon emulsions, which belongs to the technical field of fine chemical preparations.
  • Bubbles are a common phenomenon in life and work. But in industrial production, bubbles sometimes bring great harm, such as reducing the working efficiency of machines, delaying labor time, and affecting product quality. There are mainly physical methods and chemical methods to eliminate harmful foam. Antifoaming agent defoaming is one of the chemical methods. With the substantial increase in the production scale and production efficiency of industrial enterprises, defoamers and defoamers have been more widely used. At present, defoamers have been widely used in papermaking, textile printing and dyeing, petroleum exploration and refining, coatings, emulsion polymerization, sewage treatment, metal cleaning and other industries. Defoamers have become indispensable functional additives in the production process.
  • Defoamers are divided into several main types, such as mineral oil type, polyether type and silicone type. Compared with other defoamers, silicone defoamers have stable chemical properties and low side effects. At the same time, they have good defoaming ability and long-lasting foam suppressing ability in the case of very low dosage, so they are very popular.
  • the defoaming composition is the core of the silicone defoaming agent, and its defoaming speed and anti-foaming properties directly affect the performance of the final product.
  • the most primitive polysiloxane defoamer active material is obtained by specific processing technology of polydimethylsiloxane and silicon dioxide, such as the defoamer composition introduced in US3383327.
  • the defoamer composition introduced in US3383327 because of its inability to sustain foam suppression, that is, its poor foam suppression performance, researchers at home and abroad have carried out large-scale research on its performance.
  • US4338217A1 uses alkoxy polysiloxane instead of ordinary polysiloxane to mix with silica particles to prepare a defoaming composition
  • US5824739 introduces amino polyorganosiloxane or carboxy polysiloxane as the main body of the defoaming composition , Mixed with silica to obtain a defoaming composition
  • EP163541B1 introduces the use of a polysiloxane containing terminal hydroxyl groups to react with polyorganosiloxane containing other active functional groups under the action of a catalyst to form a branched polyorganosiloxane, Using this instead of the mixed treatment of ordinary polysiloxane and hydrophilic silica, the prepared defoamer has a very high viscosity, which makes it difficult to emulsify and disperse in water.
  • US5153258 introduces that the introduction of lightly cross-linked polyorganosiloxane into the system can improve the anti-foaming performance of the composition, such as vinyl-containing polyorganosiloxane and hydrogen-containing polyorganosiloxane, and hydroxyl-containing polyorganosiloxane.
  • Alkanes and alkyl silicates undergo cross-linking reactions under the action of catalysts, but the degree of cross-linking is difficult to control.
  • US5486306 introduces a defoamer directly synthesized by the reaction of hydrogen-containing polyorganosiloxane and ⁇ -olefin to be used in washing powder.
  • CN1931417A discloses a defoamer composition resistant to high temperature and strong alkali, which is obtained by the cross-linking reaction of polysiloxane and silicone resin.
  • the active substance is prepared into an emulsion and tested for performance. It has better inhibition Foaming performance, but the defoaming speed needs to be further improved. Moreover, due to the high viscosity of the defoaming composition, it is quite difficult to disperse it in water.
  • CN103275483B discloses a defoamer composition resistant to high temperature and strong alkali, which is obtained by cross-linking polysiloxane and organosilicon resin and reacting with hydroxy polysiloxane.
  • CN103275493A discloses an organosilicon composition based on the reaction of hydrogen-containing polyorganosiloxane and organosilicon resin, and then adding hydroxyl polyorganosiloxane, and mixing treatment with hydrophobic particles to obtain an organosilicon composition, and its foam suppression performance and dispersion performance need to be improved.
  • the defoamer composition in the above-mentioned patent either has poor foam suppression performance or has a high viscosity and is difficult to emulsify.
  • an organosilicon composition is obtained by reacting a hydrogen-containing polyorganosiloxane with hydrophilic silica and an organosilicon resin, then adding hydroxyl polyorganosiloxane, and subjecting the mixture to hydrophobic particle mixing treatment. Since the hydrogen-containing polyorganosiloxane reacts with the hydroxyl groups in the hydrophilic silica and the silicone resin, the silicone composition has a long-chain branched siloxane space structure, which significantly improves the defoaming and anti-foaming properties of the silicone composition Performance and dispersion performance, and at the same time improve the binding force of the organic silicon composition and the organic material. After the organic silicon emulsion is synthesized, it has a good inhibitory effect on foam in a system rich in anionic surfactants.
  • the modified polyorganosiloxane of the present invention is obtained by reacting hydrogen-containing polyorganosiloxane, hydrophilic silica, organosilicon resin and hydroxyl polyorganosiloxane under the action of a catalyst.
  • At least one hydrogen-containing polyorganosiloxane with the general structural formula is as follows:
  • Me is a methyl group, the subscript a is an integer from 2 to 100, and b is an integer from 20 to 300, and each molecule has at least 2 silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms.
  • the amount of the hydrogen-containing polyorganosiloxane is 45-70% of the total mass of the organic silicon composition.
  • the kinetic viscosity of the hydrogen-containing polyorganosiloxane at 25°C is 80-1,500 mPa ⁇ s.
  • the hydrophilic silica used in the present invention is a vapor-phase method or a precipitation method silica that has not been hydrophobized, and the surface of the silica contains hydroxyl groups and can participate in the reaction.
  • fumed silica preferably has a specific surface area of 100 to 300 m 2 /g
  • precipitated silica preferably has a specific surface area of 30 to 100 m 2 /g.
  • the amount of the hydrophilic silica is 1 to 5% of the total mass of the organic silicon composition.
  • Silicone resin is composed of units of the following general formula:
  • R1 and R2 may be the same or different, and are hydroxy or monovalent, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon groups with 1-6 carbon atoms, preferably alkyl groups with 1-6 carbon atoms, and R 1 and R 2 are the total number of hydroxyl groups ⁇ 1, the subscript c is 0, 1, 2 or 3; the subscript d is 0, 1, 2 or 3; the said silicone resin contains a hydroxyl group of 0.1%- 0.5%,
  • the dosage is 1-10% of the total mass of the organic silicon composition.
  • R 3 groups are the same or different, and are alkyl groups with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms; or phenyl; or aralkyl groups with 7 to 20 carbon atoms; the subscript m is An integer of 500-3000; the amount of the hydroxyl polyorganosiloxane is 15-45% of the total mass of the silicone composition.
  • the catalyst is used to catalyze the condensation reaction of the component hydrogen-containing polyorganosiloxane, organosilicon resin, and hydroxyl polyorganosiloxane.
  • the catalyst is selected from platinum-alcohol complexes, platinum-olefin complexes, platinum-alkoxide complexes, platinum-ether complexes, platinum-ketone complexes, chloroplatinic acid isopropanol solution, Platinum-vinyl complex, stannous octoate.
  • a chloroplatinic acid isopropanol solution with a platinum content of 5-20 ppm is preferred.
  • the hydrophobic particles include silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, quartz powder, aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, or a mixture of two or more of them. Some of the above-mentioned particles are not hydrophobic in nature, but they can also be used as hydrophobic. For example, it is hydrophobized by treatment with fatty acid, but it is preferably performed by using methyl-substituted silicone materials. Suitable hydrophobic agents include polydimethylsiloxane, silanol or silicon-bonded alkoxy-terminated dimethylsiloxane polymers, hexamethyldisilazane and hexamethyldisiloxy alkyl.
  • the preferred hydrophobic precipitated silica in the present invention has a specific surface area of 50-500 m 2 /g and a hydrophobic value of 50-70%. .
  • the amount of the hydrophobic particles is 2 to 6% of the total mass of the silicone composition.
  • the preparation method of the organic silicon composition is as follows:
  • a method for preparing a silicone emulsion by using the above-mentioned organosilicon composition is: mixing the organosilicon composition and emulsifier, and gradually adding water and thickening agent, and then passing through mechanical equipment, such as a colloid grinder, after mixing uniformly. , Homogenizer to prepare oil-in-water silicone emulsion.
  • Emulsifiers include nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants.
  • the non-ionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, lauric acid polyoxyethylene ether, oleic acid polyoxyethylene ether, sorbitan monostearate, loss of Sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan tristearate, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan monostearate polyoxyethylene ether ester, sorbitan monooleate polyoxyethylene One or more of vinyl ether ester, sorbitan tristearate polyoxyethylene ether ester, and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether.
  • the anionic surfactant is selected from sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, sodium cetyl sulfonate , One or more of sodium cetylbenzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate.
  • the thickener is selected from one or more of xanthan gum, guar gum, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, and polyacrylates.
  • the silicone emulsion is prepared by using the silicone composition of the above S1 ⁇ S10, D1 and D2:
  • Test method Use 0.5% (mass percentage) sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate aqueous solution as the foaming medium, add 50 mL of the above foaming medium to a 100 mL graduated cylinder with a stopper, and then add 0.010 g of silicone emulsion to eliminate Foaming agent, shake 50 times in the vertical direction and then stand still, record the time when the foam disappears to the surface of the liquid, which is the defoaming time T 50 , and then shake 50 times to record the defoaming time T 100 , every 50 shakes Record the defoaming time until the total number of shakes reaches 400. Under the same number of shakes, the shorter the defoaming time, the better the antifoaming effect of the silicone emulsion.
  • Table 1 The test results are shown in Table 1:
  • the performance of the silicone emulsion defoamers M1 to 6 synthesized with the silicone compositions S1 to 6 of Examples 1 to 6 is better than that of the silicone compositions D1 of 7 and 8 in the comparative examples.
  • the silicone emulsion defoamer M7-8 synthesized by D2 shows that the silicone composition of the present invention has a strong defoaming ability in an anionic system.
  • Test equipment portable cycle bubbler
  • Foaming medium commercial white cat detergent with a mass concentration of 0.5%
  • Test method Clean the used equipment. Add 600mL of foaming medium and defoamer, and heat to 75°C; perform cyclic bubbling at a flow rate of 7L/min, and record the change rule of foam volume V with time. The lower the height of the foam at the same time scale, the better the foam suppression performance of the defoamer.
  • Table 2 The test results are shown in Table 2:

Abstract

一种有机硅组合物,基于含氢聚有机硅氧烷和亲水二氧化硅及有机硅树脂反应,再加入羟基聚有机硅氧烷,经疏水粒子混合处理,得到有机硅组合物,有机硅组合物具有长支链的硅氧烷空间结构,明显提高有机硅组合物的消抑泡性能和分散性能,同时提高了有机硅组合物与有机材料的结合力,合成有机硅乳液后在富含阴离子表面活性剂的体系中对泡沫有良好的抑制作用。

Description

一种有机硅组合物 技术领域
本发明涉及一种可用于有机硅乳液的有机硅组合物,隶属于精细化工制剂技术领域。
背景技术
泡沫是生活和工作中常见的现象。但在工业生产中有时泡沫会带来极大的危害,例如降低机器的工作效率、延误劳动时间、影响产品的质量等。消除有害泡沫的方法主要有物理方法和化学方法,消泡剂消泡是化学方法之一。随着工业企业生产规模和生产效率的大幅提高,消泡剂消泡得到更加广泛的应用。目前,消泡剂已经广泛应用于造纸、纺织印染、石油开采和炼制、涂料、乳液聚合、污水处理、金属清洗等行业中,消泡剂已成为生产过程中不可缺少的功能性助剂。
消泡剂分为矿物油型、聚醚型和有机硅类等几种主要类型。与其他消泡剂相比,有机硅类消泡剂化学性能稳定,副作用小,同时在用量很低的情况下也有很好的消泡能力和持久的抑泡能力,因而,很受青睐。
消泡组合物是有机硅消泡剂的核心,它的消泡速度和抑泡性能直接影响最终产品的性能。最原始的聚硅氧烷消泡剂活性物是由聚二甲基硅氧烷和二氧化硅经过特定加工工艺处理得到的,如US3383327介绍的消泡剂组合物就是这样的。但是由于其不能够持久抑泡,即抑泡性能差,因此,国内外的研究人员都对其性能进行了大规模的拓展研 究。US4338217A1用烷氧基聚硅氧烷代替普通聚硅氧烷与二氧化硅粒子混合处理制得消泡组合物;US5824739引入氨基聚有机硅氧烷或羧基聚硅氧烷作为消泡组合物的主体,与二氧化硅混合处理得到消泡组合物;EP163541B1介绍用含末端羟基的聚硅氧烷在催化剂的作用下与含其它活性官能团的聚有机硅氧烷反应形成支链聚有机硅氧烷,并用此代替普通聚硅氧烷和亲水二氧化硅混合处理,所制得的消泡剂具有很高的粘度,难以将此乳化分散在水中。US5153258介绍向体系中引入轻度交联的聚有机硅氧烷能提高组合物的消抑泡性能,例如含乙烯基聚有机硅氧烷和含氢聚有机硅氧烷、含羟基聚有机硅氧烷和烷基硅酸酯在催化剂的作用下发生交联反应,但是交联程度难以控制。US5486306介绍了一种直接用含氢聚有机硅氧烷和α-烯烃反应合成消泡剂用于洗衣粉中,此工艺合成简单,但得到的消泡剂消泡性能差,与织物接触易产生硅斑;WO2007137948A1中介绍了含氢聚有机硅氧烷和乙烯基聚有机硅氧烷反应后,加入三甲基硅氧基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷稀释,上述专利中含氢聚有机硅氧烷和乙烯基聚有机硅氧烷反应时,粘度大,不易控制,得到的消泡剂组合物消抑泡性能差。
CN1931417A公开了一种耐高温耐强碱的消泡剂组合物,它是由聚硅氧烷和有机硅树脂交联反应得到的,将活性物制备成乳液后测试性能,其具有较好的抑泡性能,但消泡速度有待进一步提高,而且,由于消泡组合物粘度较大,将其分散在水中相当困难。CN103275483B公开了一种耐高温耐强碱的消泡剂组合物,它是由聚硅氧烷和有机硅树脂交联及羟基聚硅氧烷反应得到的,将活性物制备成乳液后测试性 能,其具有较好的抑泡性能,但长期的持久性测试消泡性能有待进一步提高。CN103275493A公开了基于含氢聚有机硅氧烷和有机硅树脂反应,再加入羟基聚有机硅氧烷,经疏水粒子混合处理得到有机硅组合物,其抑泡性能和分散性能有待提高。
上述专利中的消泡剂组合物要么抑泡性能差要么粘度大较难乳化。
发明内容
本发明通过一种基于含氢聚有机硅氧烷和亲水二氧化硅及有机硅树脂反应,再加入羟基聚有机硅氧烷,经疏水粒子混合处理,得到有机硅组合物。由于含氢聚有机硅氧烷与亲水二氧化硅及有机硅树脂中的羟基发生反应,使有机硅组合物具有长支链的硅氧烷空间结构,明显提高有机硅组合物的消抑泡性能和分散性能,同时提高了有机硅组合物与有机材料的结合力,合成有机硅乳液后在富含阴离子表面活性剂的体系中对泡沫有良好的抑制作用。
技术方案
一种有机硅组合物,其特征在于它由以下物质组成:
A.改性聚有机硅氧烷
本发明所述的改性聚有机硅氧烷是含氢聚有机硅氧烷、亲水二氧化硅、有机硅树脂和羟基聚有机硅氧烷在催化剂的作用下反应得到的。
A1.含氢聚有机硅氧烷
至少一种结构通式为如下的含氢聚有机硅氧烷:
Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) a( Me 2SiO) bSi Me 3
Me为甲基,下标a是2~100的整数,b是20~300的整数,每个分子具有至少2个硅键合的氢原子。所述含氢聚有机硅氧烷的用量为有机硅组合物总质量的45~70%。所述的含氢聚有机硅氧烷在25℃时的动力粘度为80~1,500mPa·s。
A2.亲水二氧化硅
本发明所使用的亲水二氧化硅为未疏水化处理的气相法或沉淀法二氧化硅,该二氧化硅表面含有羟基,可以参与反应。其中气相法二氧化硅优选比表面积为100~300m 2/g,沉淀法二氧化硅优选比表面积为30~100m 2/g。所述亲水二氧化硅的用量为有机硅组合物总质量的1~5%。
A3.有机硅树脂
有机硅树脂由如下通式的单元组成:
R c 1R d 2SiO(4-c-d)/2
其中R1和R2可以相同或者不同,为羟基或单价的、取代或未取代的、饱和的或不饱和的具有1-6个碳原子的烃基,优选具有1-6个碳原子的烷基,且R 1、R 2为羟基的总数量≥1,下标c是0、1、2或者3;下标d是0、1、2或者3;所述的有机硅树脂含羟基量为0.1%-0.5%,
其用量为有机硅组合物总质量的1~10%。
A4.羟基聚有机硅氧烷
所述的羟基聚有机硅氧烷的结构通式如下:
HO(SiR 3 2O) mH
式中R 3基相同或不同,为碳原子数1~30的烷基,优选碳原子数为1~10;或苯基;或碳原子数为7~20的芳烷基;下标m为500~3000的整数;所述羟基聚有机硅氧烷的用量为有机硅组合物总质量的15~45%。
A5.催化剂
催化剂用来催化组分含氢聚有机硅氧烷和有机硅树脂、羟基聚有机硅氧烷发生缩合反应。所述的催化剂选自铂-醇络合物、铂-烯烃络合物、铂-醇盐络合物、铂-醚络合物、铂-酮络合物、氯铂酸异丙醇溶液、铂-乙烯基络合物、辛酸亚锡。优选铂含量为5~20ppm的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液。
B.疏水粒子
疏水粒子包括二氧化硅、二氧化钛、石英粉、氧化铝、硅酸铝、氧化锌、氧化镁,或两者或两者以上的混合物。上述一些粒子在本质上不是疏水的,但也可使之疏水化使用。例如通过用脂肪酸处理使之疏水化,但优选通过使用甲基取代的有机硅材料进行。合适的疏水剂包括聚二甲基硅氧烷、有硅烷醇或与硅键合的烷氧基封端二甲基硅氧烷聚合物、六甲基二硅氮烷和六甲基二硅氧烷。本发明优选疏水沉淀二氧化硅,其比表面积为50~500m 2/g,疏水值为50~70%。。所述疏水粒子的用量为有机硅组合物总质量的2~6%。
所述有机硅组合物的制备方法如下:
①将含氢聚有机硅氧烷A1和亲水二氧化硅A2及有机硅树脂A3加入到反应容器中,并加入催化剂A5,在50~120℃时反应0.5~1.5h;
②再加入羟基聚有机硅氧烷A4,在50~110℃时反应0.5~3h;
③反应完毕后,加入疏水粒子B,在100~160℃保温1~5h,冷却到室温,即得所述有机硅组合物。
一种采用上述有机硅组合物制备有机硅乳液的方法,实现方法为:将有机硅组合物和乳化剂混合,并逐步加入水和增稠剂,混合均匀后通过机械设备,如胶体磨碎机、均质机,制备水包油型有机硅乳液。
乳化剂包括非离子表面活性剂和阴离子表面活性剂。
所述非离子表面活性剂选自壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、月桂酸聚氧乙烯醚、油酸聚氧乙烯醚、失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、失水山梨醇单油酸酯、失水山梨醇三硬脂酸酯、失水山梨醇三油酸酯、失水山梨醇单硬脂酸聚氧乙烯醚酯、失水山梨醇单油酸聚氧乙烯醚酯、失水山梨醇三硬脂酸聚氧乙烯醚酯、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种。
所述阴离子表面活性剂选自十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠、十六烷基磺酸钠、十六烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠中的一种或多种。
增稠剂选自汉生胶、瓜尔胶、聚乙烯醇、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟乙基纤维素、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸酯类中的一种或多种。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将45g含氢聚有机硅氧烷 Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) 2( Me 2SiO) 300Si Me 3和5g亲水气相法二氧化硅(比表面积为100m 2/g)、1g有机硅树脂(羟基含量0.1%)加入到反应容器中,并加入铂含量为5ppm的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液,在50℃时反应1.5h;再加入45g羟基聚有机硅氧烷HO[Si(CH 3) 2O] 500H,继续在50℃反应3h;反应完毕后,加入4g疏水沉淀二氧化硅(比表面积为50m 2/g,疏水值为50%),在100℃保温5h,冷却到室温,即得所述的有机硅组合物S1
实施例2
将70g含氢聚有机硅氧烷 Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) 100( Me 2SiO) 20Si Me 3和1g亲水气相法二氧化硅(比表面积为300m 2/g)、10g有机硅树脂(羟基含量0.5%)加入到反应容器中,并加入铂含量为20ppm的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液,在120℃时反应0.5h;再加入15g羟基聚有机硅氧烷HO[Si(CH 3)(CH 3CH 2)O] 3000H,在110℃反应0.5h;反应完毕后,加入4g疏水沉淀二氧化硅(比表面积为500m 2/g,疏水值为70%),在160℃保温1h,冷却到室温,即得所述的有机硅组合物S2
实施例3
将60g含氢聚有机硅氧烷 Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) 50( Me 2SiO) 100Si Me 3和3g亲水沉淀法二氧化硅(比表面积为30m 2/g)、5g有机硅树脂(羟基含量0.2%)加入到反应容器中,并加入铂含量为10ppm的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液,在90℃时反应1h;再加入30g羟基聚有机硅氧烷 HO[Si(CH 3)(CH 3CH 2CH 2)O] 1500H,在100℃反应1h;反应完毕后,加入2g疏水沉淀二氧化硅(比表面积为300m 2/g,疏水值为60%),在120℃保温4h,冷却到室温,即得所述的有机硅组合物S3
实施例4
将64g含氢聚有机硅氧烷 Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) 5( Me 2SiO) 200Si Me 3和2g亲水沉淀法二氧化硅(比表面积为100m 2/g)、8g有机硅树脂(羟基含量0.3%)加入到反应容器中,并加入铂含量为15ppm的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液,在60℃时反应1.5h;再加入20g羟基聚有机硅氧烷HO[Si((CH 3) 2CH)(CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2)O] 600H,在80℃反应2h;反应完毕后,加入6g疏水沉淀二氧化硅(比表面积为120m 2/g,疏水值为50%),在140℃保温2h,冷却到室温,即得所述的有机硅组合物S4
实施例5
将45g含氢聚有机硅氧烷 Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) 15( Me 2SiO) 150Si Me 3和5g亲水气相法二氧化硅(比表面积为200m 2/g)、1g有机硅树脂(羟基含量0.4%)加入到反应容器中,并加入铂含量为8ppm的铂-烯烃络合物,在50℃时反应1.5h;再加入45g羟基聚有机硅氧烷HO[Si(CH 3)(C 6H 5)O] 2000H,继续在50℃反应3h;反应完毕后,加入4g疏水二氧化钛,在100℃保温5h,冷却到室温,即得所述的有机硅组合物S5
实施例6
将70g含氢聚有机硅氧烷 Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) 70( Me 2SiO) 40Si Me 3和1g亲水沉淀法二氧化硅(比表面积为70m 2/g)、10g有机硅树脂(羟 基含量0.5%)加入到反应容器中,并加入铂含量为12ppm的铂-醚络合物,在120℃时反应0.5h;再加入15g羟基聚有机硅氧烷HO[Si(CH 3)(CH 5CH 2CH 3)O] 1000H,在110℃反应0.5h;反应完毕后,加入4g疏水氧化铝,在160℃保温1h,冷却到室温,即得所述的有机硅组合物S6
实施例7
将60g含氢聚有机硅氧烷 Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) 80( Me 2SiO) 80Si Me 3和3g亲水气相法二氧化硅(比表面积为150m 2/g)、5g有机硅树脂(羟基含量0.2%)加入到反应容器中,并加入铂含量为16ppm的铂-酮络合物,在90℃时反应1h;再加入30g羟基聚有机硅氧烷HO[Si(CH 3)(CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2)O] 800H,在100℃反应1h;反应完毕后,加入2g疏水氧化镁,在120℃保温4h,冷却到室温,即得所述的有机硅组合物S7
实施例8
将64g含氢聚有机硅氧烷 Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) 40( Me 2SiO) 260Si Me 3和2g亲水沉淀法二氧化硅(比表面积为50m 2/g)、8g有机硅树脂(羟基含量0.3%)加入到反应容器中,并加入铂含量为15ppm的铂-乙烯基络合物,在60℃时反应1.5h;再加入20g羟基聚有机硅氧烷HO[Si(CH 3)(C 30H 61)O] 2500H,在80℃反应2h;反应完毕后,加入3g疏水沉淀二氧化硅(比表面积为120m 2/g,疏水值为50%)、3g疏水硅酸铝,在140℃保温2h,冷却到室温,即得所述的有机硅组合物S8
实施例9
将45g含氢聚有机硅氧烷 Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) 90( Me 2SiO) 30Si Me 3和5g亲水气相法二氧化硅(比表面积为250m 2/g)、1g有机硅树脂(羟基含量0.1%)加入到反应容器中,并加入铂含量为5ppm的铂-醇盐络合物,在50℃时反应1.5h;再加入45g羟基聚有机硅氧烷HO[Si(CH 3)(C 9H 19)O] 1800H,继续在50℃反应3h;反应完毕后,加入4g疏水石英粉,在100℃保温5h,冷却到室温,即得所述的有机硅组合物S9
实施例10
将70g含氢聚有机硅氧烷 Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) 100( Me 2SiO) 20Si Me 3和1g亲水沉淀法二氧化硅(比表面积为40m 2/g)、10g有机硅树脂(羟基含量0.5%)加入到反应容器中,并加入铂含量为20ppm的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液,在120℃时反应0.5h;再加入15g羟基聚有机硅氧烷HO[Si(CH 3)(PhCH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 3)O] 600H,在110℃反应0.5h;反应完毕后,加入4g疏水氧化锌,在160℃保温1h,冷却到室温,即得所述的有机硅组合物S10
对比例1-去掉亲水二氧化硅,与实施例1对比
将50g含氢聚有机硅氧烷 Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) 2( Me 2SiO) 300Si Me 3、1g有机硅树脂(羟基含量0.1%)加入到反应容器中,并加入铂含量为5ppm的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液,在50℃时反应1.5h;再加入45g羟基聚有机硅氧烷HO[Si(CH 3) 2O] 500H,继续在50℃反应3h;反应完毕后,加入4g疏水沉淀二氧化硅(比表面积为50m 2/g,疏水值为50%),在100℃保温5h,冷却到室温,即得所述的有机硅组合物D1
对比例2-羟基硅油不分开添加,一次性混入反应
在容器中加入70g结构式为 Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) 100( Me 2SiO) 20Si Me 3的含氢聚有机硅氧烷、7g有机硅树脂(M:Q=0.8:1)、铂含量为20ppm的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液、15g羟基聚有机硅氧烷HO[(CH 3) 2SiO] 1500H在120℃反应1h;加入85g比表面积为220m 2/g的疏水气相二氧化硅,降温至120℃保温4h,降至室温后即得到有机硅组合物D2。
实施例7~15
按照现有技术,采用上述S1~S10、D1和D2的有机硅组合物制备有机硅乳液:
室温下,将40g有机硅组合物、8g失水山梨醇三油酸酯和12g油酸聚氧乙烯(4)醚在搅拌下充分混合40min,完成后将上述体系的温度升高至80℃,然后,保持体系温度,缓慢地加入40g水,提高搅拌速度使其由油包水型乳液变为水包油型乳液,继续加20g水至质量浓度为50%,过胶体磨进一步乳化,最后用丙烯酸增稠剂水溶液稀释到含固量为30%,得有机硅乳液消泡剂M1~M12。
有机硅乳液性能测试
(1)测试方法:以0.5%(质量百分比)的十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液为起泡介质,往100mL具塞量筒中加入上述起泡介质50mL,然后加入0.010g的有机硅乳液消泡剂,在垂直方向上摇振50次后静置,记录泡沫消至出现液面时间,即为消泡时间T 50,再摇振50次记录消泡时间T 100,每振摇50次就记录一下消泡时间,直至总摇瓶次数达到400次为止,相同振摇次数下,消泡时间越短,表示有机硅乳液的消 抑泡效果越好。测试结果见表1:
表1 有机硅乳液的消泡性能对比
Figure PCTCN2020097383-appb-000001
从上表结果可以看出,用实施例1~6的有机硅组合物S1~6合成的有机硅乳液消泡剂M1~6的性能优于对比例的7、8的有机硅组合物D1、D2合成的有机硅乳液消泡剂M7~8,这说明本发明的有机硅组合物在阴离子体系中具有较强的消泡能力。
(2)在洗涤剂中进行消泡性能测试
测试设备:便携式循环鼓泡仪
测试温度:75℃
测试流量:7L/min
消泡剂用量:0.4g
起泡介质:市售白猫洗涤剂,质量浓度为0.5%
测试方法:洗净使用的仪器设备。加入600mL起泡介质和消泡剂,加热至75℃;在7L/min的流量下,进行循环鼓泡,记录泡沫体积V 随着时间的变化规律。在同一时间刻度泡沫的高度越低,则说明消泡剂的抑泡性能越好。测试结果见表2:
表2洗涤剂中的消泡性能测试
Figure PCTCN2020097383-appb-000002
从上表结果可以看出,用实施例1~10的有机硅组合物S1~10合成的有机硅乳液M1~10性能优于对比例的有机硅组合物D1、D2合成的有机硅乳液M11~12,这说明本发明的消泡组合物在洗涤剂体系中具有较强的消抑泡能力。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种有机硅组合物,其特征在于所述有机硅组合物由以下组分组成:
    A.改性聚有机硅氧烷
    本发明所述的改性聚有机硅氧烷是含氢聚有机硅氧烷、亲水二氧化硅、有机硅树脂和羟基聚有机硅氧烷在催化剂的作用下反应得到的;
    A1.含氢聚有机硅氧烷
    至少一种结构通式为如下的含氢聚有机硅氧烷:
    Me 3SiO( MeHSiO) a( Me 2SiO) bSi Me 3
    Me为甲基,下标a是2~100的整数,b是20~300的整数,每个分子具有至少2个硅键合的氢原子。所述含氢聚有机硅氧烷的用量为有机硅组合物总质量的45~70%;所述的含氢聚有机硅氧烷在25℃时的动力粘度为80~1,500mPa·s;
    A2.亲水二氧化硅
    所述的亲水二氧化硅为未疏水化处理的气相法或沉淀法二氧化硅,该二氧化硅表面含有羟基,可以参与反应;其中气相法二氧化硅优选比表面积为100~300m 2/g,沉淀法二氧化硅优选比表面积为30~100m 2/g;所述亲水二氧化硅的用量为有机硅组合物总质量的1~5%;
    A3.有机硅树脂
    有机硅树脂由如下通式的单元组成:
    R c 1R d 2SiO(4-c-d)/2
    其中R1和R2可以相同或者不同,为羟基或单价的、取代或未取代的、饱和的或不饱和的具有1-6个碳原子的烃基,且R 1、R 2为羟基的总数量≥1,下标c是0、1、2或者3;下标d是0、1、2或者3;所述的有机硅树脂含羟基量为0.1%-0.5%,其用量为有机硅组合物总质量的1~10%;
    A4.羟基聚有机硅氧烷
    所述的羟基聚有机硅氧烷的结构通式如下:
    HO(SiR 3 2O) mH
    式中R 3基相同或不同,为碳原子数1~30的烷基;或苯基;或碳原子数为7~20的芳烷基;下标m为500~3000的整数;所述羟基聚有机硅氧烷的用量为有机硅组合物总质量的15~45%;
    A5.催化剂
    催化剂用来催化组分含氢聚有机硅氧烷和有机硅树脂、羟基聚有机硅氧烷发生缩合反应;所述的催化剂选自铂-醇络合物、铂-烯烃络合物、铂-醇盐络合物、铂-醚络合物、铂-酮络合物、氯铂酸异丙醇溶液、铂-乙烯基络合物、辛酸亚锡;
    B.疏水粒子
    疏水粒子选自二氧化硅、二氧化钛、石英粉、氧化铝、硅酸铝、氧化锌、氧化镁,或两者或两者以上的混合物;
    所述有机硅组合物的制备方法如下:
    ①将含氢聚有机硅氧烷A1和亲水二氧化硅A2及有机硅树脂A3 加入到反应容器中,并加入催化剂A5,在50~120℃时反应0.5~1.5h;
    ②再加入羟基聚有机硅氧烷A4,在50~110℃时反应0.5~3h;
    ③反应完毕后,加入疏水粒子B,在100~160℃保温1~5h,冷却到室温,即得所述有机硅组合物。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种有机硅组合物,其特征在于所述的羟基具有机硅氧烷中R 3为烷基时,优选碳原子数为1-10的烷基。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种有机硅组合物,其特征在于所述的有机硅树脂中R 2和R 3优选具有1-6个碳原子的烷基。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种有机硅组合物,其特征在于所述的催化剂优选铂含量为1~20ppm的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种有机硅组合物,其特征在于所述的疏水粒子优选比表面积为50~300m 2/g的疏水沉淀二氧化硅。
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