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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D519/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups C07D453/00 or C07D455/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/63—Compounds containing para-N-benzenesulfonyl-N-groups, e.g. sulfanilamide, p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl hydrazide
  • A61K31/635—Compounds containing para-N-benzenesulfonyl-N-groups, e.g. sulfanilamide, p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl hydrazide having a heterocyclic ring, e.g. sulfadiazine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D409/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
  • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
  • C07B2200/05—Isotopically modified compounds, e.g. labelled
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
  • C07B2200/07—Optical isomers

Definitions

• Disclosed herein is a compound of Formula (I) for inhibiting both Bcl-2 wild type and mutated Bcl-2, and a method of using the compound disclosed herein for treating dysregulated apoptotic diseases.
• Bcl-2 The B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) gene family, a group of proteins homologous to the Bcl-2 protein, encodes more than 20 proteins that regulate the intrinsic apoptosis pathway.
• Bcl-2 family proteins consisting of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic molecules, can be classified into the following three subfamilies according to sequence homology within four BH domains (BH1, BH2, BH3 and BH4) : (1) a subfamily shares sequence homology within all four BH domains, such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and Bcl-w which are anti-apoptotic; (2) a subfamily shares sequence homology within BH1, BH2 and BH4, such as Bax and Bak which are pro-apoptotic; (3) a subfamily shares sequence homology only within BH3, such as Bik, Bid and HRK which are pro-apoptotic.
• the BH1, BH2, and BH4 domains are required for anti-apopt
• Bcl-2 overexpress is found frequently in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) , acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) , relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) , follicular lymphoma (FL) , non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and solid tumors such as pancreatic, prostate, breast, and small cell and non-small cell lung cancers (Cancer 2001, 92, 1122-1129; Cancer Biol. 2003; 13: 115-23; Curr.
• AML acute myeloid leukemia
• ALL acute lymphocytic leukemia
• CLL relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia
• FL follicular lymphoma
• NHL non-Hodgkin lymphoma
• solid tumors such as pancreatic, prostate, breast, and small cell and non-small cell lung cancers
• Dysregulated apoptotic pathways have also been implicated in the pathology of other significant diseases such as neurodegenerative conditions (up-regulated apoptosis) , e.g., Alzheimer's disease; and proliferative diseases (down-regulated apoptosis) , e.g., cancers, autoimmune diseases, and pro-thrombotic conditions.
• neurodegenerative conditions up-regulated apoptosis
• proliferative diseases down-regulated apoptosis
• cancers e.g., autoimmune diseases, and pro-thrombotic conditions.
• Bcl-2 small molecule inhibitors have been investigated at various stages of drug development: the Bcl-2/Bcl-xl inhibitor ABT-263 (navitoclax, WO2009155386) has shown promising clinical activity in lymphoid malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia. However, its efficacy in these settings is limited by platelet death and attendant thrombocytopenia caused by Bcl-xl inhibition (Lancet Oncol. 2010, 11, 1149; J. Clin. Oncol. 2011, 29, 909; J. Clin. Oncol. 2012, 30, 488) .
• the novel Gly101 Val mutation in Bcl-2 was identified at progression in 7 of 15 patients, but not at study entry.
• the Bcl-2 Asp103Tyr (D103Y) mutation observed in CLL patients was also predicted to impede the binding of Bcl-2 to venetoclax leading to reduced fitness of the patient (Haematologica 104, e434-e437, 2019) .
• Bcl-2 Phel04lle (F104I) mutation in FL (follicular lymphoma) patient treated with venetoclax was also described to be associated with significantly reduced binding to venetoclax and is sufficient to confer cellular resistance (Br J Haematol, 186 (6) : e188-e191, 2019) .
• neutropenia was the most common adverse effect in the therapy of Bcl-2 inhibitor.
• CLL patients treated with venetoclax the onset of neutropenia was commonly observed during dose ramp-up, although its incidence was decreased with time prolonged on therapy. (Clin Cancer Res; 24(18) , 2018) . That is to say, the excessive inhibition of wild type Bcl-2 protein could present on-target toxicity and side effect of neutropenia.
• WO2019210828 disclosed a novel class of Bcl-2 inhibitors. There is still a strong need for new small molecules that inhibit both wild type Bcl-2 proteins and Bcl-2 mutations found in patients with progression after long term treatment by venetoclax, such as G101V and D103Y mutations.
• the inventors of the present disclosure found that the compounds disclosed herein exhibit almost equal inhibitory activity against both wild type Bcl-2 and Bcl-2 mutations including G101V and D103Y, suggesting a new type of potential Bcl-2 inhibitors without the resistance concerns.
• the present disclosure also presents the potential possibility of the new therapy in an effective and safe dose for clinically relapse patients with mutations after treatment with venetoclax.
• X is independently selected from N or CH;
• p is an integer selected from 1 or 2;
• v is an integer selected from 1 or 2;
• n is an integer selected from 1, 2, or 3;
• n is an integer selected from 0, 1, or 2;
• t is an integer selected from 1 or 2;
• Ring A is wherein **2 refers to the position attached to the phenyl moiety of Formula (I) ;
• Ring B is an aryl or 5-or 6-membered heteroaryl
• R 11 is -C 1-3 alkyl, -C 3-10 cycloalkyl, aryl, 5-or 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryl, 7-to 10-membered bicyclic heteroaryl, 3-to 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl, 7-to 14-membered bicyclic heterocyclyl, each of which is independently optionally substituted with 1, 2, 3 or 4 substituents R 11X ,
• R 11a , R 11b , and R 11c are each independently hydrogen, -C 1-8 alkyl, -haloC 1-8 alkyl, -C 2-8 alkenyl, -C 2-8 alkynyl, -C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein said C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl is optionally substituted with halogen, -C 1-8 alkyl, -haloC 1-8 alkyl, -C 1-8 alkoxyl, or -haloC 1-8 alkoxyl;
• R 1a and R 1b are each independently hydrogen, -C 1-8 alkyl, -haloC 1-8 alkyl, -C 2-8 alkenyl, -C 2- 8 alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
• R 1c is hydrogen, -C 1-8 alkyl, -haloC 1-8 alkyl, -C 2-8 alkenyl, -C 2-8 alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl;
• R 2 is independently selected from halogen, -C 1-8 alkyl, -C 2-8 alkenyl, -C 2-8 alkynyl or -C 3- 6 cycloalkyl; wherein said -C 1-8 alkyl, -C 2-8 alkenyl, -C 2-8 alkynyl or -C 3-6 cycloalkyl are each independently optionally substituted with halogen, hydroxy, C 1-6 alkoxy, or amino, -C 1-8 alkyl, -C 2- 8 alkenyl, -C 2-8 alkynyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl or C 3-6 heterocyclyl;
• R 3 is –L 1 -CyC
• L 1 is a direct bond, - (CR a R b ) 1-4 -, -O- (CR a R b ) 0-3 -, -NH- (CR a R b ) 1-3 , or -NH;
• CyC is cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one, two, three or four substituents R 3a ;
• R 3a is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, cyano, oxo, -OR 3b , -NR 3b R 3c , -COR 3b , -SO 2 R 3b , -C 1-8 alkyl, -C 2-8 alkenyl, -C 2-8 alkynyl, -cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, each of said -C 1-8 alkyl, and heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or two substituents R 3e which is selected from hydrogen, halogen, cyano, -OR 3f , -C 1-8 alkyl, -cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl;
• R 3b , and R 3c are each independently hydrogen, -C 1-8 alkyl, -cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl, said -C 1-8 alkyl is optionally substituted with one or two substituents R 5e which is hydrogen, -NR 3f R 3g , -cycloalkyl, or heterocyclyl;
• R 3f and R 3g are each independently hydrogen or -C 1-8 alkyl
• R a and R b are independently hydrogen, -C 1-8 alkyl, -C 2-8 alkenyl, -C 2-8 alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; and,
• R 4 and R 5 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, -NO 2 , -C 1-8 alkyl, -C 2-8 alkenyl, or -C 2-8 alkynyl.
• X is N.
• ring B is phenyl, furanyl, isoxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazolyl, or pyrimidinyl.
• R 2 is halo, -C 1-6 alkyl or -C 3-4 cycloalkyl; wherein said -C 1-6 alkyl and -C 3-4 cycloalkyl are each independently optionally substituted with hydrogen, -C 1-3 alkyl, C 3- 6 cycloalkyl or C 3-6 heterocyclyl.
• R 2 is fluoro, methyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl or morpholinomethyl.
• n is 0, and L 2 is - (CH 2 ) q -, or -O-, wherein q is a number of 1-3, preferably 1.
• R 11 is -C 3-10 cycloalkyl, aryl, 5-or 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryl, 7-to 10-membered bicyclic heteroaryl, 3-to 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl, 7-to 14-membered bicyclic heterocyclyl, each of which is independently optionally substituted with 1, 2, or 3 substituents R 11X , wherein R 11X is defined as with formula (I) .
• R 11 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, or 3-to 6 membered heterocycloalkyl containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from oxygen and nitrogen atoms.
• R 11 is selected from cyclohexyl, bicyclo [1.1.1] pentanyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-1-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl oxazol-2-yl, oxazol-4-ylmethyl or oxazol-5-yl.
• R 11 is selected from phenyl or 8-to 10-membered bicyclic aryl, optionally substituted with 1, 2 or 3 substituents R 11X .
• R 11 is selected from phenyl or 8-to 10-membered bicyclic aryl, optionally substituted with 1 to 2 substituents R 11X .
• R 11 is chromanyl, benzo [b] [1, 4] dioxinyl) , 5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydronaphthalenyl, octahydro-5H-2, 5-methanoindenyl (preferably octahydro-5H-2, 5-methanoinden-5-yl) , 2, 3, 4, 5-tetrahydrobenzo [b] oxepinyl (preferably 2, 3, 4, 5-tetrahydrobenzo [b] oxepin-7-yl) , adamantanyl (preferably adamantan-1-yl) , each of which is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 R 11X .
• R 11X is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, -C 1-8 alkyl, haloC 1-8 alkyl, -C 2- 8 alkenyl, -C 2-8 alkynyl, C 1-6 alkoxyl, haloC 1-6 alkoxyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, C 3- 6 cycloalkoxyl, -NH 2 , -NH (C 1-8 alkyl) , -N (C 1-8 alkyl) 2 or heterocyclyl-O-.
• R 11x is -OR 11a , wherein R 11a is -C 1-8 alkyl, preferably methyl (-CH 3 ) , ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, or tert-butyl. In some embodiments, R 11x is -OR 11a , wherein R 11a is -C 1-8 alkyl optionally enriched in deuterium, e.g., -CD 3 , or -CD 2 CD 3 .
• R 11x is -OR 11a , wherein R 11a is C 3-6 cycloalkyl, preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl.
• R 11 is phenyl substituted with one, two or three substitutions R 11X independently selected from
• R 11a is C 3-6 cycloalkyl, preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl.
• R 11 is phenyl substituted with cyano, fluoro, chloro, bromo, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, tert-butoxy, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, or trifluoromethoxy.
• R 11 is phenyl substituted with cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl.
• R 11 is cyclohexyl, 4-methoxylcyclohexyl, bicyclo [1.1.1] pentan-1-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl, oxazol-4-yl, phenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 2, 4-difluorophenyl, 3, 5-difluorophenyl, 3, 4-difluorophenyl, 4-cyanophenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl, 2-methoxylphenyl, 3-methoxylphenyl, 4-methoxylphenyl, 4-ethoxylphenyl, 4-methoxylphenyl, 4- (trifluoromethoxyl) phenyl, 2, 4-dimethoxylphenyl, 2, 3-dimethoxylphenyl, 3, 4-dimethoxylphen
• R 11 is furanyl, isoxazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrimidinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzo [b] thiophenyl, benzofuranyl, or 2, 3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl.
• R 11 is furan-2-yl, isoxazol-4-yl, pyridin-3-yl, pyridin-2-yl, 1H-pyrazol-4-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, benzo [b] thiophen-5-yl, benzo [b] thiophen-4-yl, benzofuran-5-yl, benzofuran-4-yl, 2, 3-dihydrobenzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin-5-yl, benzo [b] [1, 4] oxazin-5-yl, dihydro- [1, 4] dioxino [2, 3-b] pyridin-8-yl, or 3, 4-dihydro-2H-benzo [b] [1, 4] dioxepin-7-yl.
• R 11 -L 2 - is selected from furan-2-ylmethyl, isoxazol-4-ylmethyl, (pyridin-3-yl) methyl, (6-methoxypyridin-3-yl) methyl, (5-methoxypyridin-2-yl) methyl, (1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methyl, (3-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methyl, (1-cyclopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methyl, (5-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl) methyl, benzo [b] thiophen-5-ylmethyl, benzo [b] thiophen-4-ylmethyl, benzofuran-5-ylmethyl, or benzofuran-4-ylmethyl.
• R 11 -L 2 - is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl, 3-phenylcyclobut-1-yl, 3-phenylcyclopent-1-yl, 4-phenylcyclohex-1-yl or 3- (4-methoxylphenyl) cyclopent-1-yl.
• R 11 -L 2 - is -3-to 6-membered monocyclic heterocyclyl selected from oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, or tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, preferably oxetan-3-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, and tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl.
• R 12 is hydrogen
• L 2 is -SO 2 -or -CO-
• R 11 is -C 1-3 alkyl or phenyl, each of which is optionally substituted with C 1-3 alkoxyl.
• R a is hydrogen or methyl
• m is 1, R 3 is –L 1 -CyC, and L 1 is a direct bond, - (CH 2 ) 0-2 -, -N (CH 2 ) 0-2 , or -O (CH 2 ) 0-2 .
• CyC is C 3 - 6 cycloalkyl selected from monocyclic C 3-8 cycloalkyl or bridged cycloalkyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or two substituents R 3a .
• CyC is cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or two substituents R 3a .
• CyC is:
• heterocyclyl selected from monocyclic 4 to 9-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one nitrogen or oxygen or sulfur heteroatom as ring member; monocyclic 4 to 9-membered heterocyclyl groups containing two heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen as ring members,
• CyC is monocyclic 4 to 6-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one nitrogen or oxygen or sulfur heteroatom as the ring members.
• Cyc is selected from oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, and piperdinyl.
• CyC is selected from oxetan-2-yl, Oxetan-3-yl, tetrahydrofuran-4-yl, tetrahydrofuran-2-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, tetrahydropyran-2-yl, tetrahydropyran-3-yl, tetrahydropyran-4-yl, azetidin-3-yl, azetidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl, piperdin-4-yl, piperdin-2-yl, and piperdin-3-yl.
• CyC is a monocyclic 6-membered heterocyclyl group containing two heteroatoms selected from oxygen and nitrogen as ring members.
• CyC is dioxanyl, morpholino, morpholinyl, or piperzinyl.
• CyC is 1, 3-dioxan-2-yl, 1, 3-dioxan-4-yl, 1, 4-dioxan-2-yl, morpholin-1-yl, morpholin-2-yl, or morpholin-3-yl.
• CyC is 4-membered/4-membered, 3-membered/5-membered, 4-membered/5-membered, 4-membered/6-membered, 5-membered/5-membered, or 5-membered/6-membered mono-spiro heterocyclyl comprising one or two nitrogen or oxygen as ring members.
• CyC is (7-oxa-2-azaspiro [3.5] nonan-2-yl) , or (2-oxaspiro [3.5] nonan-7-yl) .
• cycloalkyl as R 3a is C 3-6 cycloalkyl; more preferably cyclopropyl.
• heterocyclyl as R 3a is 4 to 6-membered heterocyclyl groups containing one or two heteroatoms selected from nitrogen or oxygen or sulfur heteroatom as ring members.
• heterocyclyl as R 3a is oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, piperzinyl, or morpholinyl.
• heterocyclyl as R 3a is oxetan-3-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl, or morphin-4-yl.
• heterocyclyl as R 3e is a monocyclic 4 to 9-membered heterocyclyl group containing one or two heteroatoms selected from nitrogen or oxygen or sulfur heteroatom as ring members.
• heterocyclyl as R 3e is tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl.
• R 3a is -NR 3b R 3c , wherein R 3b is hydrogen, and R 3c is heterocyclyl.
• R 3a is -NR 3b R 3c , wherein R 3b is hydrogen, and R 3c is tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl.
• R 3a is -NR 3b R 3c , wherein R 3b and R 3c are each independently hydrogen or –C 1-6 alkyl substituted with cycloalkyl, preferably –C 1-6 alkyl substituted with monocyclic C 3-6 cycloalkyl.
• R 3a is -OR 3b or -SO 2 R 3b , wherein R 3b is hydrogen or C 1-8 alkyl, preferably methyl.
• R 3a is -COR 3b , wherein R 3b is hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl optionally substituted with -NR 3f R 3g , wherein R 3f and R 3g are each independently hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl, preferably methyl.
• two adjacent R 3 on the phenyl ring together with the phenyl ring form indazolyl which is substituted with tetrahydropyranyl.
• n 1 and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of:
• R 4 is halogen selected from fluoro (-F) , chloro (-Cl) or bromo (-Br) , preferably fluoro (-F) .
• R 4 is at position 3 of the pyrrolo [2, 3-b] pyridin-5-yl ring.
• the compound is selected from the exemplified compounds.
• the compound is selected from i)
• R 4 is halogen selected from fluoro (-F) , chloro (-Cl) or bromo (-Br) .
• the compound is N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-N-phenyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl-N
• R 4 is halogen selected from fluoro (-F) , chloro (-Cl) or bromo (-Br) , and Rx is selected from
• the compound is selected from:
• pyrrole ring on the pyrrolo [2, 3-b] pyridin-5-yl ring is optionally substituted with one substitution R 4 selected from fluoro (-F) , chloro (-Cl) or bromo (-Br) .
• the compounds disclosed herein have an additional aromatic or carbon cyclic moiety attached by a linker -L 2 - (especially -CH 2 -, -O-) to the phenylpiperazine or phenylpiperidine moiety in the molecule.
• This key structural feature not only imparts the comparable or slightly better inhibitory activity for Bcl-2 wild type protein, but also, unexpectedly, exhibit robust potency for Bcl2 mutants including G101V and D103Y.
• the ratio of IC 50 of Bcl-2 G101V/Bcl-2 wt is much low.
• the compounds of the present disclosure show long in vitro half-life (T 1/2 ) and low intrinsic clearance (CL int ) , and the metabolic stability in liver microsome of compounds in the present disclosure are significantly increased.
• the compounds in the present disclosure have significantly good PK, AUC, and Cmax in mouse. And, the CL value in iv dosing of compounds in the present disclosure is also much low, which is consistent with its in vitro clearance data.
• composition comprising a compound disclosed herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a stereoisomer thereof, and at least one of pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
• the dysregulated apoptotic disease is a neurodegenerative condition, proliferative disease, and pro-thrombotic condition.
• the proliferative disease is cancer.
• the dysregulated apoptotic disease is associated with mutation of Bcl-2.
• the mutation of Bcl-2 comprises Bcl-2 G101V and/or Bcl-2 D103Y.
• the mutation of Bcl-2 is Bcl-2 G101V or Bcl-2 D103Y.
• alkyl refers to a hydrocarbon group selected from linear and branched saturated hydrocarbon groups comprising from 1 to 18, such as from 1 to 12, further such as from 1 to 10, more further such as from 1 to 8, or from 1 to 6, or from 1 to 4, carbon atoms.
• alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms include, but not limited to, methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl or n-propyl ( “n-Pr” ) , 2-propyl or isopropyl ( “i-Pr” ) , 1-butyl or n-butyl ( “n-Bu” ) , 2-methyl-1-propyl or isobutyl ( “i-Bu” ) , 1-methylpropyl or s-butyl ( “s-Bu” ) , 1, 1-dimethylethyl or t-butyl ( “t-Bu” ) , 1-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 2-methyl-2-butyl, 3-methyl-2-butyl, 3-methyl-1-butyl, 2-methyl-1-butyl, 1-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, 2-methyl-2-penty
• halogen refers to fluoro (F) , chloro (Cl) , bromo (Br) and iodo (I) .
• haloalkyl refers to an alkyl group in which one or more hydrogen is/are replaced by one or more halogen atoms such as fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo.
• haloalkyl include haloC 1-8 alkyl, haloC 1-6 alkyl or halo C 1-4 alkyl, but not limited to -CF 3 , -CH 2 Cl, -CH 2 CF 3 , -CCl 2 , CF 3 , and the like.
• alkyloxy refers to an alkyl group as defined above attached to the parent molecular moiety through an oxygen atom.
• alkyloxy e.g., C 1-6 alkyloxy or C 1-4 alkyloxy
• examples of an alkyloxy include, but not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy, propoxy, n-butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentoxy and hexoxy and the like.
• cycloalkyl refers to a hydrocarbon group selected from saturated cyclic hydrocarbon groups, comprising monocyclic and polycyclic (e.g., bicyclic and tricyclic) groups including fused, bridged or spiro cycloalkyl.
• the cycloalkyl group may comprise from 3 to 12, such as from 3 to 10, further such as 3 to 8, further such as 3 to 6, 3 to 5, or 3 to 4 carbon atoms.
• the cycloalkyl group may be selected from monocyclic group comprising from 3 to 12, such as from 3 to 10, further such as 3 to 8, 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
• Examples of the monocyclic cycloalkyl group include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, 1-cyclopent-1-enyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl, cyclodecyl, cycloundecyl, and cyclododecyl groups.
• Examples of the saturated monocyclic cycloalkyl group include, but not limited to cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl groups.
• the cycloalkyl is a monocyclic ring comprising 3 to 6 carbon atoms (abbreviated as C 3-6 cycloalkyl) , including but not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
• bicyclic cycloalkyl groups include those having from 7 to 12 ring atoms arranged as a fused bicyclic ring selected from [4, 4] , [4, 5] , [5, 5] , [5, 6] and [6, 6] ring systems, or as a bridged bicyclic ring selected from bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, bicyclo [2.2.2] octane, and bicyclo [3.2.2] nonane.
• the bicyclic cycloalkyl groups include those arranged as a bicyclic ring selected from [5, 6] and [6, 6] ring systems, such as wherein the wavy lines indicate the points of attachment.
• the ring may be saturated or have at least one double bond (i.e. partially unsaturated) , but is not fully conjugated, and is not aromatic, as aromatic is defined herein.
• spiro cycloalkyl refers to a cyclic structure which contains carbon atoms and is formed by at least two rings sharing one atom.
• 7 to 10 membered spiro cycloalkyl refers to a cyclic structure which contains 7 to 10 carbon atoms and is formed by at least two rings sharing one atom.
• fused cycloalkyl refers to a fused ring which contains carbon atoms and is formed by two or more rings sharing two adjacent atoms.
• fused cycloalkyl refers to a fused ring which contains 4 to 10 ring carbon atoms and is formed by two or more rings sharing two adjacent atoms.
• Examples include but are not limited to bicyclo [1.1.0] butyl, bicyclo [2.1.0] pentyl, bicyclo [3.1.0] hexyl, bicyclo [4.1.0] heptyl, bicyclo [3.3.0] octyl, bicyclo [4.2.0] octyl, decalin, as well as benzo 3 to 8 membered cycloalkyl, benzo C 4-6 cycloalkenyl, 2, 3-dihydro-1H-indenyl, 1H-indenyl, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetralyl, 1, 4-dihydronaphthyl, etc.
• Preferred embodiments are 8 to 9 membered fused cyclyl, which refer to cyclic structures containing 8 to 9 ring atoms within the above examples.
• bridged cycloalkyl refers to a cyclic structure which contains carbon atoms and is formed by two rings sharing two atoms which are not adjacent to each other.
• 7 to 10 membered bridged cycloalkyl refers to a cyclic structure which contains 7 to 12 carbon atoms and is formed by two rings sharing two atoms which are not adjacent to each other. Examples include but are not limited to octahydro-5H-2, 5-methanoindenyl (preferably octahydro-5H-2, 5-methanoinden-5-yl) , or adamantanyl (preferably adamantan-1-yl) .
• aryl used alone or in combination with other terms refers to a group selected from:
• bicyclic ring systems such as 7 to 12 membered bicyclic ring systems, wherein at least one ring is carbocyclic and aromatic, e.g., naphthyl and indanyl; and,
• tricyclic ring systems such as 10 to 15 membered tricyclic ring systems wherein at least one ring is carbocyclic and aromatic, e.g., fluorenyl.
• a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring has 5 to 10 ring-forming carbon atoms (i.e., C 5-10 aryl) .
• Examples of a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring include, but not limited to, phenyl, naphth-1-yl, naphth-2-yl, anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl, and the like.
• the aromatic hydrocarbon ring is a naphthalene ring (naphth-1-yl or naphth-2-yl) or phenyl ring.
• the aromatic hydrocarbon ring is a phenyl ring.
• heteroaryl refers to a group selected from:
• 5-, 6-or 7-membered aromatic, monocyclic rings comprising at least one heteroatom, for example, from 1 to 4, or, in some embodiments, from 1 to 3, in some embodiments, from 1 to 2, heteroatoms, selected from nitrogen (N) , sulfur (S) and oxygen (O) , with the remaining ring atoms being carbon;
• 8-to 12-membered bicyclic rings comprising at least one heteroatom, for example, from 1 to 4, or, in some embodiments, from 1 to 3, or, in other embodiments, 1 or 2, heteroatoms, selected from N, O, and S, with the remaining ring atoms being carbon and wherein at least one ring is aromatic and at least one heteroatom is present in the aromatic ring; and
• 11-to 14-membered tricyclic rings comprising at least one heteroatom, for example, from 1 to 4, or in some embodiments, from 1 to 3, or, in other embodiments, 1 or 2, heteroatoms, selected from N, O, and S, with the remaining ring atoms being carbon and wherein at least one ring is aromatic and at least one heteroatom is present in an aromatic ring.
• the heteroaryl group contains more than one heteroatom ring member, the heteroatoms may be the same or different.
• the nitrogen atoms in the ring (s) of the heteroaryl group can be oxidized to form N-oxides.
• C-linked heteroaryl as used herein means that the heteroaryl group is connected to the core molecule by a bond from a C-atom of the heteroaryl ring
• a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring has 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9-or 10-ring forming members with 1, 2, 3, or 4 heteroatom ring members independently selected from nitrogen (N) , sulfur (S) and oxygen (O) and the remaining ring members being carbon.
• the monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring is a monocyclic or bicyclic ring comprising 1 or 2 heteroatom ring members independently selected from nitrogen (N) , sulfur (S) and oxygen (O) .
• the monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring is a 5-to 6-membered heteroaryl ring, which is monocyclic and which has 1 or 2 heteroatom ring members independently selected from nitrogen (N) , sulfur (S) and oxygen (O) .
• the monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring is an 8-to 10-membered heteroaryl ring, which is bicyclic and which has 1 or 2 heteroatom ring members independently selected from nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen.
• heteroaryl group or the monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring examples include, but are not limited to, (as numbered from the linkage position assigned priority 1) pyridyl (such as 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, or 4-pyridyl) , cinnolinyl, pyrazinyl, 2, 4-pyrimidinyl, 3, 5-pyrimidinyl, 2, 4-imidazolyl, imidazopyridinyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl (such as 1, 2, 3-thiadiazolyl, 1, 2, 4-thiadiazolyl, or 1, 3, 4-thiadiazolyl) , tetrazolyl, thienyl (such as thien-2-yl, thien-3-yl) , triazinyl, benzothienyl, furyl or furanyl, benzofuryl, benzoimidazo
• Heterocyclyl , “heterocycle” or “heterocyclic” are interchangeable and refer to a non-aromatic heterocyclyl group comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of NH, O, S, SO or SO 2 heteroatoms as ring members, with the remaining ring members being carbon, including monocyclic, fused, bridged, and spiro ring, i.e., containing monocyclic heterocyclyl, bridged heterocyclyl, spiro heterocyclyl, and fused heterocyclic groups.
• monocyclic heterocyclyl refers to monocyclic groups in which at least one ring member is a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of NH, O, S, SO or SO 2 .
• a heterocycle may be saturated or partially saturated.
• Exemplary monocyclic 4 to 9-membered heterocyclyl groups include, but not limited to, (as numbered from the linkage position assigned priority 1) pyrrolidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl, imidazolidin-2-yl, imidazolidin-4-yl , pyrazolidin-2-yl, pyrazolidin-3-yl, piperidin-1-yl, piperidin-2-yl, piperidin-3-yl, piperidin-4-yl, 2, 5-piperazinyl, pyranyl, morpholinyl, morpholino, morpholin-2-yl, morpholin-3-yl, oxiranyl, aziridin-1-yl, aziridin-2-yl, azocan-1-yl, azocan-2-yl, azocan-3-yl, azocan-4-yl, azocan-5-yl, thiiranyl, azeti
• spiro heterocyclyl refers to a 5 to 20-membered polycyclic heterocyclyl with rings connected through one common carbon atom (called a spiro atom) , comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of NH, O, S, SO or SO 2 heteroatoms as ring members, with the remaining ring members being carbon.
• a spiro heterocyclyl group may contain one or more double bonds, but none of the rings has a completely conjugated pi-electron system.
• a spiro heterocyclyl is 6 to 14-membered, and more preferably 7 to 10-membered.
• a spiro heterocyclyl is divided into mono-spiro heterocyclyl, di-spiro heterocyclyl, or poly-spiro heterocyclyl, and preferably refers to mono-spiro heterocyclyl or di-spiro heterocyclyl, and more preferably 4-membered/4-membered, 3-membered/5-membered, 4-membered/5-membered, 4-membered/6-membered, 5-membered/5-membered, or 5-membered/6-membered mono-spiro heterocyclyl.
• spiro heterocyclyls include, but not limited to the following groups: 2, 3-dihydrospiro [indene-1, 2'-pyrrolidine] (e.g., 2, 3-dihydrospiro [indene-1, 2'-pyrrolidine] -1'-yl) , 1, 3-dihydrospiro [indene-2, 2'-pyrrolidine] (e.g., 1, 3-dihydrospiro [indene-2, 2'-pyrrolidine] -1'-yl) , azaspiro [2.4] heptane (e.g., 5-azaspiro [2.4] heptane-5-yl) , azaspiro [3.4] octane (e.g., 6-azaspiro [3.4] octane-6-yl) , 2-oxa-6-azaspiro [3.4] octane (e.g., 2-oxa-6-azaspiro [3.4
• fused heterocyclic group refers to a 5 to 20-membered polycyclic heterocyclyl group, wherein each ring in the system shares an adjacent pair of atoms (carbon and carbon atoms or carbon and nitrogen atoms) with another ring, comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of NH, O, S, SO or SO 2 heteroatoms as ring members, with the remaining ring members being carbon.
• One or more rings of a fused heterocyclic group may contain one or more double bonds, but none of the rings has a completely conjugated pi-electron system.
• a fused heterocyclyl is 6 to 14-membered, and more preferably 7 to 10-membered.
• a fused heterocyclyl is divided into bicyclic, tricyclic, tetracyclic, or polycyclic fused heterocyclyl, preferably refers to bicyclic or tricyclic fused heterocyclyl, and more preferably 5-membered/5-membered, or 5-membered/6-membered bicyclic fused heterocyclyl.
• fused heterocycles include, but not limited to, the following groups octahydrocyclopenta [c] pyrrole (e.g., octahydrocyclopenta [c] pyrrol-2-yl) , octahydropyrrolo [3, 4-c] pyrrolyl, octahydroisoindolyl, isoindolinyl (e.g., isoindoline-2-yl) , octahydro-benzo [b] [1, 4] dioxin, dihydrobenzofuranyl, benzo [d] [1, 3] dioxolyl or 2, 3, 4, 5-tetrahydrobenzo [b] oxepinyl (preferably 2, 3, 4, 5-tetrahydrobenzo [b] oxepin-7-yl) .
• bridged heterocyclyl refers to a 5-to 14-membered polycyclic heterocyclic alkyl group, wherein every two rings in the system share two disconnected atoms, comprising one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of NH, O, S, SO or SO 2 heteroatoms as ring members, with the remaining ring members being carbon.
• One or more rings of a bridged heterocyclyl group may contain one or more double bonds, but none of the rings has a completely conjugated pi-electron system.
• a bridged heterocyclyl is 6 to 14-membered, and more preferably 7 to 10-membered.
• a bridged heterocyclyl is divided into bicyclic, tricyclic, tetracyclic or polycyclic bridged heterocyclyl, and preferably refers to bicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic bridged heterocyclyl, and more preferably bicyclic or tricyclic bridged heterocyclyl.
• Representative examples of bridged heterocyclyls include, but not limited to, the following groups: 2-azabicyclo [2.2.1] heptyl, azabicyclo [3.1.0] hexyl, 2-azabicyclo [2.2.2] octyl and 2-azabicyclo [3.3.2] decyl.
• the heterocyclyl ring may be fused to aryl, heteroaryl or cycloalkyl ring, wherein the ring structure is connected to the parent heterocyclic group together.
• heterocyclyl-O- refers to a heterocyclyl as defined above attached to the parent molecular moiety through an oxygen atom.
• C-linked heterocyclyl refers to a heterocyclyl group which is connected to the other part of the molecule by a direct bond from a carbon atom of the heterocyclyl ring.
• N-linked heterocyclyl refers to a heterocyclyl group which is connected to the other part of the molecule by a direct bond from a nitrogen atom of the heterocyclyl ring.
• Enantiomers refer to two stereoisomers of a compound which are non-superimposable mirror images of one another. Where the compounds disclosed herein possess two or more asymmetric centers, they may additionally exist as diastereomers. Enantiomers and diastereomers fall within the broader class of stereoisomers. All such possible stereoisomers as substantially pure resolved enantiomers, racemic mixtures thereof, as well as mixtures of diastereomers are intended to be included. All stereoisomers of the compounds disclosed herein and /or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are intended to be included. Unless specifically mentioned otherwise, a reference to one isomer applies to any of the possible isomers. Whenever the isomeric composition is unspecified, all possible isomers are included.
• the term “substantially pure” as used herein means that the target stereoisomer contains no more than 35%, such as no more than 30%, further such as no more than 25%, even further such as no more than 20%, by weight of any other stereoisomer (s) . In some embodiments, the term “substantially pure” means that the target stereoisomer contains no more than 10%, for example, no more than 5%, such as no more than 1%, by weight of any other stereoisomer (s) .
• substituents found on cyclohexyl or cyclobutyl ring may adopt cis and trans formations.
• Cis formation means that both substituents are found on the upper side of the 2 substituent placements on the carbon, while trans would mean that they were on opposing sides.
• reaction products may be advantageous to separate reaction products from one another and /or from starting materials.
• the desired product of each step or series of steps is separated and /or purified (hereinafter separated) to the desired degree of homogeneity by the techniques common in the art.
• separations involve multiphase extraction, crystallization from a solvent or solvent mixture, distillation, sublimation, or chromatography.
• Chromatography can involve any number of methods including, for example reverse-phase and normal phase; size exclusion; ion exchange; high, medium and low pressure liquid chromatography methods and apparatus; small scale analytical; simulated moving bed ( "SMB” ) and preparative thin or thick layer chromatography, as well as techniques of small scale thin layer and flash chromatography.
• SMB simulated moving bed
• Diastereomers refers to stereoisomers of a compound with two or more chiral centers but which are not mirror images of one another. Diastereomeric mixtures can be separated into their individual diastereomers on the basis of their physical chemical differences by methods well known to those skilled in the art, such as by chromatography and /or fractional crystallization.
• Enantiomers can be separated by converting the enantiomeric mixture into a diastereomeric mixture by reaction with an appropriate optically active compound (e.g., chiral auxiliary such as a chiral alcohol or Mosher’s acid chloride) , separating the diastereomers and converting (e.g., hydrolyzing) the individual diastereoisomers to the corresponding pure enantiomers.
• an appropriate optically active compound e.g., chiral auxiliary such as a chiral alcohol or Mosher’s acid chloride
• Enantiomers can also be separated by use of a chiral HPLC column.
• a single stereoisomer e.g., a substantially pure enantiomer
• Racemic mixtures of chiral compounds of the invention can be separated and isolated by any suitable method, including: (1) formation of ionic, diastereomeric salts with chiral compounds and separation by fractional crystallization or other methods, (2) formation of diastereomeric compounds with chiral derivatizing reagents, separation of the diastereomers, and conversion to the pure stereoisomers, and (3) separation of the substantially pure or enriched stereoisomers directly under chiral conditions. See: Wainer, Irving W., Ed. Drug Stereochemistry: Analytical Methods and Pharmacology. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1993.
• “Pharmaceutically acceptable salts” refers to those salts which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response and the like, and are commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable salt may be prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compounds disclosed herein, or separately by reacting the free base function with a suitable organic acid or by reacting the acidic group with a suitable base.
• the free base can be obtained by basifying a solution of the acid salt.
• an addition salt such as a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt, may be produced by dissolving the free base in a suitable organic solvent and treating the solution with an acid, in accordance with conventional procedures for preparing acid addition salts from base compounds.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof include salts of at least one compound of Formula (I) , and salts of the stereoisomers of the compound of Formula (I) , such as salts of enantiomers, and /or salts of diastereomers.
• administration when applied to an animal, human, experimental subject, cell, tissue, organ, or biological fluid, mean contact of an exogenous pharmaceutical, therapeutic, diagnostic agent, or composition to the animal, human, subject, cell, tissue, organ, or biological fluid.
• Treatment of a cell encompasses contact of a reagent to the cell, as well as contact of a reagent to a fluid, where the fluid is in contact with the cell.
• administration and “treatment” also means in vitro and ex vivo treatments, e.g., of a cell, by a reagent, diagnostic, binding compound, or by another cell.
• subject herein includes any organism, preferably an animal, more preferably a mammal(e.g., rat, mouse, dog, cat, rabbit) and most preferably a human.
• an effective amount refers to an amount of the active ingredient, such as compound that, when administered to a subject for treating a disease, or at least one of the clinical symptoms of a disease or disorder, is sufficient to affect such treatment for the disease, disorder, or symptom.
• the “therapeutically effective amount” can vary with the compound, the disease, disorder, and/or symptoms of the disease or disorder, severity of the disease, disorder, and/or symptoms of the disease or disorder, the age of the subject to be treated, and/or the weight of the subject to be treated. An appropriate amount in any given instance can be apparent to those skilled in the art or can be determined by routine experiments.
• “therapeutically effective amount” is an amount of at least one compound and /or at least one stereoisomer thereof, and /or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof disclosed herein effective to “treat” as defined above, a disease or disorder in a subject.
• the “therapeutically effective amount” refers to the total amount of the combination objects for the effective treatment of a disease, a disorder or a condition.
• the pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound disclosed herein can be administrated via oral, inhalation, rectal, parenteral or topical administration to a subject in need thereof.
• the pharmaceutical composition may be a regular solid formulation such as tablets, powder, granule, capsules and the like, a liquid formulation such as water or oil suspension or other liquid formulation such as syrup, solution, suspension or the like; for parenteral administration, the pharmaceutical composition may be solution, water solution, oil suspension concentrate, lyophilized powder or the like.
• the formulation of the pharmaceutical composition is selected from tablet, coated tablet, capsule, suppository, nasal spray or injection, more preferably tablet or capsule.
• the pharmaceutical composition can be a single unit administration with an accurate dosage.
• the pharmaceutical composition may further comprise additional active ingredients.
• compositions disclosed herein can be produced by the conventional methods in the pharmaceutical field.
• the active ingredient can be mixed with one or more excipients, then to make the desired formulation.
• the “pharmaceutically acceptable excipient” refers to conventional pharmaceutical carriers suitable for the desired pharmaceutical formulation, for example: a diluent, a vehicle such as water, various organic solvents, etc, a filler such as starch, sucrose, etc a binder such as cellulose derivatives, alginates, gelatin and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) ; a wetting agent such as glycerol; a disintegrating agent such as agar, calcium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate; an absorption enhancer such as quaternary ammonium compound; a surfactant such as hexadecanol; an absorption carrier such as Kaolin and soap clay; a lubricant such as talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol, etc.
• the pharmaceutical composition further comprises other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as a decentralized agent, a stabilizer, a thickener, a complexing agent, a buffering agent, a permeation enhancer, a polymer, aromatics, a sweetener, and a dye.
• other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as a decentralized agent, a stabilizer, a thickener, a complexing agent, a buffering agent, a permeation enhancer, a polymer, aromatics, a sweetener, and a dye.
• disease refers to any disease, discomfort, illness, symptoms or indications, and can be interchangeable with the term “disorder” or “condition” .
• C n-m indicates a range which includes the endpoints, wherein n and m are integers and indicate the number of carbons. Examples include C 1-8 , C 1-6 , and the like.
• reaction flasks were fitted with rubber septa for the introduction of substrates and reagents via syringe; and glassware was oven dried and/or heat dried.
• 1 H NMR spectra were recorded on a Agilent instrument operating at 400 MHz. 1 HNMR spectra were obtained using CDCl 3 , CD 2 Cl 2 , CD 3 OD, D 2 O, d 6 -DMSO, d 6 -acetone or (CD 3 ) 2 CO as solvent and tetramethylsilane (0.00 ppm) or residual solvent (CDCl 3 : 7.25 ppm; CD 3 OD: 3.31 ppm; D 2 O: 4.79 ppm; d 6 -DMSO: 2.50 ppm; d6-acetone: 2.05; (CD 3 ) 2 CO: 2.05) as the reference standard.
• Preparative HPLC was conducted on a column (150 ⁇ 21.2 mm ID, 5 ⁇ m, Gemini NX-C18) at a different flow rate and injection volume, at room temperature and UV Detection at 214 nm and 254 nm.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 4-ethyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -3-oxopiperazine-1-carboxylate.
• Step 2 1-ethyl-3- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-2-one.
• Step 3 tert-butyl 2- (4-ethyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -3-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 4 tert-butyl 2- (4-ethyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 5 2- (4-ethyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4-cyclopropyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4-cyclopropyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4-cyclopropyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4-cyclobutyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4-cyclobutyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4-cyclobutyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (oxetan-3-yl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (oxetan-3-yl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4-cyclopentyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4-cyclopentyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4-cyclopentyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4- (tetrahydrofuran-3-yl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (tetrahydrofuran-3-yl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (tetrahydrofuran-3-yl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4-cyclohexyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4-cyclohexyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4-cyclohexyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4- (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• the resulting mixture was extracted with DCM (30 mL ⁇ 3) .
• the combined organic phases were dried with anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate
• Step 3 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4-isobutyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -3-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4-isobutyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4-isobutyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 2-isopropylbenzaldehyde.
• Step 2 (E) -N- (2-isopropylbenzylidene) -2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide.
• Step 3 N- (1- (2-isopropylphenyl) -2-nitroethyl) -2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide.
• Step 4 N- (2-amino-1- (2-isopropylphenyl) ethyl) -2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide
• Step 5 N- (2- ( (tert-butylsulfinyl) amino) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) ethyl) -4-methylbenzenesulfonamide.
• Step 6 N- (2-amino-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) ethyl) -4-methylbenzenesulfonamide.
• Step 7 tert-butyl 2- ( (1- (2-isopropylphenyl) -2- (4-methylphenyl) sulfonamido) ethyl) amino) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 8 tert-butyl 2- (2-chloro-N- (1- (2-isopropylphenyl) -2- (4-methylphenyl) sulfonamido) ethyl) acetamido) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 9 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4-tosylpiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 10 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 11 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4-neopentyl-6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 12 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4-neopentylpiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 13 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4-neopentylpiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (2-methoxyethyl) -3-oxopiperazine-1-carboxylate.
• Step 2 3- (2-isopropylphenyl) -1- (2-methoxyethyl) piperazin-2-one.
• Step 3 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (2-methoxyethyl) -3-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 4 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (2-methoxyethyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 5 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (2-methoxyethyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (cyclopentylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (cyclopentylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4- (cyclopentylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (cyclohexylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (cyclohexylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4- (cyclohexylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7- azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4- ( (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• reaction mixture was poured into saturated Na 2 CO 3 (10 mL) , extracted with EtOAc (10 mL ⁇ 3) .
• EtOAc 10 mL ⁇ 3
• the combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried with anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- ( (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4- ( (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate (700 mg, 1.30 mmol) was added BH 3 .
• Step 3 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- ( (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (3- (methoxycarbonyl) bicyclo [1.1.1] pentane-1-carbonyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 3- (4- (7- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonan-2-yl) -3- (2-isopropylphenyl) -5-oxopiperazine-1-carbonyl) bicyclo [1.1.1] pentane-1-carboxylic acid.
• Step 3 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4- (3- ( ( (2-thioxopyridin-1 (2H) -yl) oxy) carbonyl) bicyclo [1.1.1] pentane-1-carbonyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate
• Step 4 tert-butyl 2- (4- (bicyclo [1.1.1] pentane-1-carbonyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 5 tert-butyl 2- (4- (bicyclo [1.1.1] pentan-1-ylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 6 2- (4- (bicyclo [1.1.1] pentan-1-ylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (furan-3-ylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• the resulting mixture was extracted with DCM (50 mL ⁇ 3) .
• the combined organic phases were dried with anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (furan-3-ylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4- (furan-3-ylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (oxazol-4-ylmethyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 4- ( (3- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (7-azaspiro [3.5] nonan-2-yl) piperazin-1-yl) methyl) oxazole.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- ( (1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• reaction mixture was poured into saturated NaHCO 3 (50 mL) , extracted with EtOAc (100 mL ⁇ 2) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried with anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- ( (1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- ( (1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl (R or S) -2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- ( (1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl (R or S) -2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- ( (1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 (R or S) -2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- ( (1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4-benzyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4-benzyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4-benzyl-2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4- (1-phenylethyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (1-phenylethyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (1-phenylethyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ol.
• Step 2 1-bromo-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalene.
• Step 3 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4- (1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 4 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 5 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4-phenethylpiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4-phenethylpiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4-phenethylpiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (4-fluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (4-fluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4- (4-fluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl (R or S) -2- (4- (4-fluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl (R or S) -2- (4- (4-fluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 (R or S) -2- (4- (4-fluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (4-chlorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (4-chlorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• reaction solution was quenched by MeOH (10 mL) and concentrated under reduced pressure to give tert-butyl 2- (4- (4-chlorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate (1.2 g, crude) , which was used directly for next step without further reaction.
• Step 3 2- (4- (4-chlorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl (R or S) -2- (4- (4-chlorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• reaction mixture was poured into saturated NaHCO 3 (50 mL) , extracted with EtOAc (100 mL ⁇ 2) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried with anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
• Step 2 tert-butyl (R or S) -2- (4- (4-chlorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• reaction solution was quenched with MeOH (10 mL) and concentrated under reduced pressure to give tert-butyl (R or S) -2- (4- (4-chlorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate (1.0 g, crude) , which was used directly for next step without further reaction.
• Step 3 (R or S) -2- (4- (4-chlorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (4-methylbenzyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (4-methylbenzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (4-methylbenzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (4-methoxyphenethyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (4-methoxyphenethyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (4-methoxyphenethyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl (2- ( (4-methoxybenzyl) (2-oxo-2- (o-tolyl) ethyl) amino) ethyl) carbamate.
• Step 2 1- (4-methoxybenzyl) -5- (o-tolyl) -1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyrazine.
• Step 3 1- (4-methoxybenzyl) -3- (o-tolyl) piperazine.
• Step 4 tert-butyl 2- (4- (4-methoxybenzyl) -2- (o-tolyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 5 2- (4- (4-methoxybenzyl) -2- (o-tolyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 4- (4-methoxybenzyl) -2- (2- (2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl) phenyl) piperazine-1-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2-isobutylphenyl) -4- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazine-1-carboxylate.
• Step 3 3- (2-isobutylphenyl) -1- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazine.
• Step 4 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isobutylphenyl) -4- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 5 2- (2- (2-isobutylphenyl) -4- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl (2- ( (2- (2-bromophenyl) -2-oxoethyl) (4-methoxybenzyl) amino) ethyl) carbamate.
• Step 2 3- (2-bromophenyl) -1- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazine.
• Step 3 tert-butyl 2- (2-bromophenyl) -4- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazine-1-carboxylate.
• Step 4 tert-butyl 2- (2- (cyclopent-1-en-1-yl) phenyl) -4- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazine-1-carboxylate.
• Step 5 tert-butyl 2- (2-cyclopentylphenyl) -4- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazine-1-carboxylate.
• Step 6 3- (2-cyclopentylphenyl) -1- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazine.
• Step 7 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-cyclopentylphenyl) -4- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 8 2- (2- (2-cyclopentylphenyl) -4- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 4- (4-methoxybenzyl) -2- (2-vinylphenyl) piperazine-1-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2-formylphenyl) -4- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazine-1-carboxylate.
• Step 3 tert-butyl 4- (4-methoxybenzyl) -2- (2- (morpholinomethyl) phenyl) piperazine-1-carboxylate.
• Step 4 4- (2- (4- (4-methoxybenzyl) piperazin-2-yl) benzyl) morpholine.
• Step 5 tert-butyl 2- (4- (4-methoxybenzyl) -2- (2- (morpholinomethyl) phenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 6 4- (2- (4- (4-methoxybenzyl) -1- (7-azaspiro [3.5] nonan-2-yl) piperazin-2-yl) benzyl) morpholine.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4- (4- (trifluoromethoxy) benzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (4- (trifluoromethoxy) benzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (4- (trifluoromethoxy) benzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (4-ethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (4-ethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4- (4-ethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4- (4- (trifluoromethyl) benzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (4- (trifluoromethyl) benzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (4- (trifluoromethyl) benzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (4-cyanobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 4- ( (3- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (7-azaspiro [3.5] nonan-2-yl) piperazin-1-yl) methyl) benzonitrile
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (3-fluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7- azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4- (3-fluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (3-methoxybenzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (3-methoxybenzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (2-fluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (2-fluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4- (2-fluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (2-methoxybenzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- (2-methoxybenzyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (2, 4-dimethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 2- (4- (2, 4-dimethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• reaction solution was quenched by MeOH (10 mL) , concentrated under reduced pressure to give tert-butyl 2- (4- (2, 4-dimethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate (1.2 g, crude) as a white gum, which was used directly for next step without further reaction.
• Step 3 2- (4- (2, 4-dimethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7- azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl (R or S) -2- (4- (2, 4-dimethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl (R or S) -2- (4- (2, 4-dimethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 (R or S) -2- (4- (2, 4-dimethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (3, 5-dimethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (3, 5-dimethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4- (3, 5-dimethoxybenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (2, 4-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (2, 4-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4- (2, 4-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (3, 5-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (3, 5-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2 -isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4- (3, 5-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (3, 4-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (3, 4-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4- (3, 4-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl (R or S) -2- (4- (3, 4-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• reaction mixture was poured into saturated NaHCO 3 (50 mL) , extracted with EtOAc (100 mL ⁇ 2) . The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried with anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
• Step 2 tert-butyl (R or S) -2- (4- (3, 4-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• reaction solution was quenched with MeOH (10 mL) , concentrated under reduced pressure to give t tert-butyl (R or S) -2- (4- (3, 4-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate (1.1 g, crude) as a yellow oil, which was used directly for next step without further purification.
• Step 3 (R or S) -2- (4- (3, 4-difluorobenzyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (4- (chroman-6-ylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxopiperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (4- (chroman-6-ylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 2- (4- (chroman-6-ylmethyl) -2- (2-isopropylphenyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde and 5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde.
• Step 2 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4- ( (5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate and tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -6-oxo-4- ( (5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 3 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- ( (5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 4 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- ( (5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane.
• Step 1 tert-butyl 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- ( (5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane-7-carboxylate.
• Step 2 2- (2- (2-isopropylphenyl) -4- ( (5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl) methyl) piperazin-1-yl) -7-azaspiro [3.5] nonane
• Step 1 chroman-4-carbonitrile.

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