WO2021195872A1 - 汽车内饰、骨架组件及汽车 - Google Patents

汽车内饰、骨架组件及汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021195872A1
WO2021195872A1 PCT/CN2020/082149 CN2020082149W WO2021195872A1 WO 2021195872 A1 WO2021195872 A1 WO 2021195872A1 CN 2020082149 W CN2020082149 W CN 2020082149W WO 2021195872 A1 WO2021195872 A1 WO 2021195872A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
light source
layer
transmitting
skeleton
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/082149
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘建红
程好
郭强
宋伟锋
Original Assignee
加通汽车内饰(常熟)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 加通汽车内饰(常熟)有限公司 filed Critical 加通汽车内饰(常熟)有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/082149 priority Critical patent/WO2021195872A1/zh
Publication of WO2021195872A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021195872A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
    • B60Q3/10—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for dashboards
    • B60Q3/14—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for dashboards lighting through the surface to be illuminated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of automobile interior decoration, in particular to an automobile interior decoration, a skeleton component and an automobile.
  • the background light source can be used to improve the atmosphere in the car.
  • Traditional artificial leather has a blocking effect on light due to its unique material characteristics, and does not have light transmission properties.
  • the existing solutions are as follows:
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a car interior, a skeleton assembly and a car, so as to realize the scene of improving the atmosphere in the car through the car interior.
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides an automotive interior, including a skeleton component and artificial leather covering the outside of the skeleton component, the skeleton component comprising a skeleton body and a light source, the skeleton body having a light source mounting part, the The light source is installed in the light source installation part, and the light source is covered by the artificial leather, the artificial leather includes a single leather layer, the single leather layer includes at least a light-transmitting skin layer, and the light-transmitting skin layer is a colored layer ,
  • the particle size of the toner in the light-transmitting skin layer is 0.5-10 nm, at least a part of the single leather layer is a light-transmitting area, and the light transmittance of the single leather layer in the light-transmitting area is greater than 12%
  • the position of the light source corresponds to at least a part of the light-transmitting area, and at least part of the light emitted by the light source can be transmitted through the light-transmitting area.
  • the light source mounting portion includes a through hole provided on the skeleton body, the position of the through hole corresponds to at least a part of the light-transmitting area, and the light source is installed in the through hole.
  • the light source is a surface light source
  • the light source mounting portion includes a groove arranged on the outside of the skeleton body, the position of the groove corresponding to at least a part of the light-transmitting area, and the surface light source is arranged in Inside the groove.
  • the skeleton body is at least partially configured as a transparent structure
  • the transparent structure corresponds to the position of the light-transmitting area
  • the light source mounting portion is provided on the inner side of the transparent structure, so that the light emitted by the light source is transparent. It passes through the transparent structure and passes through the light-transmitting area.
  • the skeleton assembly further includes a control circuit arranged in the skeleton body, and the control circuit is electrically connected with the at least one light source to control the lighting and extinction of the at least one light source.
  • the skeleton assembly further includes a switch button arranged on the skeleton body, the switch button is electrically connected with the control circuit to control the on and off of the circuit of the at least one light source, and the switch button includes at least A light-emitting element, the light-emitting element is electrically connected to the power terminal of the control circuit, and when the control circuit is powered on, the at least one light-emitting element is lit so that the surface of the artificial leather shows the The position of the switch button.
  • the switch button includes at least A light-emitting element, the light-emitting element is electrically connected to the power terminal of the control circuit, and when the control circuit is powered on, the at least one light-emitting element is lit so that the surface of the artificial leather shows the The position of the switch button.
  • the automobile interior trim further includes a light-shielding layer arranged between the light-transmitting skin layer and the light source, the light-shielding layer is provided with a hollow or light-transmitting structure, and the area where the hollow or light-transmitting structure is located As the light-transmitting area, the light-shielding layer covers the light source, and a part of the light emitted by the light source can be transmitted through the hollow or light-transmitting structure to form a pattern on the surface of the artificial leather.
  • a light-shielding layer arranged between the light-transmitting skin layer and the light source, the light-shielding layer is provided with a hollow or light-transmitting structure, and the area where the hollow or light-transmitting structure is located As the light-transmitting area, the light-shielding layer covers the light source, and a part of the light emitted by the light source can be transmitted through the hollow or light-transmitting structure to form a pattern on the surface of the artificial
  • the light source is fixed on the inner side of the frame body, and the light shielding layer is pasted or printed on the outer side of the frame body and at least corresponds to the position of the light source mounting portion.
  • the light shielding layer is attached to the surface of the light source or formed on the surface of the light source by printing.
  • the light source is an LED flexible light belt
  • the LED flexible light belt includes a diffuser film
  • the light-shielding layer is formed on the surface of the diffuser film by printing.
  • the light shielding layer is built into the single leather layer.
  • the light source installation part is used to arrange and install a group of light sources in a predetermined shape, so that the light emitted by the light source forms a pattern corresponding to the predetermined shape on the surface of the interior of the automobile.
  • the light-transmitting areas are provided in multiple groups, each group has at least one light-transmitting area, and each group of the light-transmitting areas is correspondingly provided with one light source.
  • the artificial leather further includes a three-dimensional spacer fabric or polyurethane sponge attached to the single leather layer,
  • the light transmittance of the three-dimensional spacer fabric is not less than 70%
  • the light transmittance of the polyurethane sponge is 8% to 15%.
  • the second aspect of the present invention provides a skeleton component, and the automobile skeleton is the skeleton component in the automobile interior trim as described above.
  • the third aspect of the present invention provides an automobile including the automobile interior as described above.
  • the artificial leather coated on the skeleton body is set to have light transmittance, and the particle size of the light-transmitting skin layer of the single leather layer in the artificial leather is set to nanometer level without perforation.
  • the setting can make the light transmittance of the single leather layer reach more than 12%, ensure the mechanical properties of the artificial leather and realize the display of fine patterns.
  • a light source mounting part is provided on the skeleton body, and the light source is installed through the light source mounting part, and the light source is positioned in the light-transmitting area of the single leather layer, so that at least part of the light emitted by the light source is transmitted through the light-transmitting area to achieve utilization
  • the light source has the effect of improving the atmosphere in the car, the frame is used to realize the surface positioning and installation of the light source, the structure is simple and compact, and the assembly is convenient.
  • Figure 1 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an automobile interior trim according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is one of the schematic diagrams of the cooperation structure between the frame and the light source in the automobile interior trim according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a second structural diagram of an automobile interior trim according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a second schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the frame and the light source in the automobile interior trim according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is the third schematic diagram of the coordination structure between the frame and the light source in the automobile interior trim according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of artificial leather in an automobile interior trim according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional spacer fabric of artificial leather in an automobile interior trim according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a light-shielding layer in an automobile interior trim according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a single leather layer in an automobile interior trim according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a second structural diagram of a single leather layer in an automobile interior trim according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • test method for transmittance (Transmittance) described in this application is: ASTM E1348.
  • the applicant of this application has found that the main reason for the poor light transmittance of artificial leather is that the skin layer is a colored layer, which has a great impact on light. Great hindrance, and if the amount of pigment is reduced, the color coverage will be poor.
  • the toner in the raw material of the light-transmitting skin layer adopts nano-sized toner, thereby reducing the effect of the toner on light. Even if a large amount of toner is used to ensure color coverage, it can ensure that the prepared single leather layer with the light-transmitting skin layer has a certain degree of light transmission.
  • the present application provides a skeleton assembly and an automobile interior trim.
  • the automobile interior trim provided by the present application includes a skeleton assembly and an artificial leather 2 covering the outer side of the skeleton assembly.
  • the skeleton assembly includes a skeleton body. 1 and a light source 3 installed on the skeleton body 1, the skeleton body 1 has a light source mounting part, the light source 3 is mounted on the light source mounting part, and the light source 3 is covered by the artificial leather 2.
  • the artificial leather 2 includes a single leather layer 21, the single leather layer 21 includes at least a light-transmitting skin layer 211, the light-transmitting skin layer 211 is a colored layer, and the particle size of the toner in the light-transmitting skin layer 211 is 0.5 to 10 nm, at least a part of the single leather layer 21 is a light-transmitting area. Since the particle size of the toner in the light-transmitting skin layer 211 is nanometers, the single leather layer 21 is in the light-transmitting area. The light transmittance can reach more than 12%.
  • the position of the light source 3 corresponds to at least a part of the light-transmitting area, and at least part of the light emitted by the light source 3 can be transmitted through the light-transmitting area .
  • the artificial leather 2 presents the appearance of a conventional artificial leather, and when the light source 3 is on, light is transmitted from the light-transmitting area, realizing the optical effect of the car interior.
  • the single leather layer 21 may only include the light-transmitting skin layer 211, or it may include the light-transmitting skin layer 211 and the supporting layer 212 arranged in layers, or the light-transmitting skin layer 211, the supporting layer 212 and the glue arranged in layers.
  • the layer 213 is also a light-transmitting skin layer 211, a supporting layer 212, a glue layer 213, and a base cloth 214 that are laminated.
  • the supporting layer 212 is not subjected to a foaming process or a micro-foaming process, and the foaming ratio of the micro-foaming process is less than or equal to 1.5.
  • the base fabric is preferably a knitted or non-woven fabric with good light transmittance, and preferably a knitted PE base fabric with good light transmittance.
  • the single leather layer 21 may be set as a light-transmitting area as a whole, part of it may be set as a light-transmitting area, and a part may be formed as an opaque area by providing a light-shielding structure (details will be described later).
  • the punching process is not required, thereby ensuring the mechanical properties of the single leather layer 21, and is not affected by the punching structure, and can be fine.
  • the display of the pattern Since the light transmittance of the single leather layer 21 of the automotive interior provided by the present application can reach 12% or more, the punching process is not required, thereby ensuring the mechanical properties of the single leather layer 21, and is not affected by the punching structure, and can be fine.
  • the display of the pattern Since the light transmittance of the single leather layer 21 of the automotive interior provided by the present application can reach 12% or more, the punching process is not required, thereby ensuring the mechanical properties of the single leather layer 21, and is not affected by the punching structure, and can be fine.
  • the display of the pattern Since the light transmittance of the single leather layer 21 of the automotive interior provided by the present application can reach 12% or more, the punching process is not required, thereby ensuring the mechanical properties of the single leather layer 21, and is not affected by the punching structure, and can be fine.
  • the frame body 1 is provided with a light source mounting part, the light source 3 is installed through the light source mounting part and the light source 3 is positioned in the light-transmitting area of the single leather layer 21. In this way, the frame body 1 is used to realize the surface positioning of the light source 3 And installation, the structure is simple and compact, and the assembly is convenient.
  • the light source mounting part can be any structure that can realize light source mounting.
  • the light emitted by the light source 3 can pass through the light-transmitting area corresponding to the through hole 11.
  • the light source mounting part of this structure is suitable for light sources 3 with large dimensions in the thickness direction such as lamp beads. By accommodating the light sources 3 in the through holes 11, the compactness of the car interior in the thickness direction is ensured. Further, as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of through holes 11 may be arranged close to each other on the skeleton body 1, and the plurality of through holes 11 form a certain shape, and each through hole 11 is provided with a light source 3, and a plurality of through holes 11
  • the multiple light sources 3 inside form a light source group arranged in a predetermined shape.
  • the surface presents a pattern corresponding to the predetermined shape.
  • the light source mounting portion includes a groove 12 provided on the outside of the skeleton body 1, and the position of the groove 12 corresponds to at least a part of the light-transmitting area, that is, the light-transmitting area may be one It can also be multiple.
  • the position of the groove 12 may correspond to one light-transmitting area, or it may correspond to a part of a plurality of light-transmitting areas.
  • the light source 3 is arranged in the groove 12, so that the light emitted by the light source 3 can be Pass through the light-transmitting area corresponding to the groove 12 to show through.
  • the light source mounting part of this structure is suitable for a light source 3 with a small size in the thickness direction such as a surface light source.
  • the shape of the groove 12 can be set to a specific shape, for example, an S shape as shown in FIG. 4, and a correspondingly shaped light source 3 is arranged in the specific S-shaped groove 12, or as shown in FIG. 5
  • a light source group is arranged in the groove 12 of a specific S shape, and multiple light sources 3 in the light source group are arranged in the specific shape, so that the light emitted by the light source 3 presents a pattern corresponding to the predetermined shape on the surface of the artificial leather 2.
  • the light source mounting part can also be arranged on the inner side of the skeleton body 1. Since the conventional skeleton structure is opaque, in order to transmit the light emitted by the light source 3 inside the skeleton body 1, the skeleton body 1 is at least corresponding to the light source 3.
  • the position of is set as a transparent structure, that is, the skeleton body 1 can be set as a transparent structure as a whole, or it can be set as a transparent structure only at the position corresponding to the light source 3, while the other positions still use conventional materials, the transparent structure and the structure of other positions Connected together by means of bonding, clamping, fastener connection, etc.
  • the transparent structure for example, PC, PP, acrylic and other materials can be selected.
  • the lighting and extinguishing of the light source 3 are controlled by the control circuit, which can be connected to the center console, so that the lighting and extinguishing of the light source 3 can be controlled through the center console, or directly through the switch built in the skeleton body 1.
  • the button realizes the control of the light source 3.
  • the control circuit is arranged in the skeleton body 1 as a part of the skeleton assembly. In this way, the skeleton body 1 is used to support and wire the control circuit, which not only makes the structure compact, but also can well protect the control circuit.
  • the skeleton assembly includes a switch button provided on the skeleton body 1, and the switch button is electrically connected with the control circuit of the light source 3.
  • the circuit of the light source 3 controlled by the control circuit can be controlled by the switch button.
  • the pressing surface of the switch button is provided with a light-emitting element.
  • the light-emitting element is arranged at a position corresponding to a light-transmitting area.
  • the switch button Connected, so that once the control circuit is powered on, the light-emitting element is lit, and accordingly, the light emitted by the light-emitting element leaks out at the corresponding position on the surface of the artificial leather 2 to indicate the position of the switch button.
  • it because it is built into the artificial leather 2, it does not occupy interior space, making the structure more compact .
  • the artificial leather 2 can only include a single leather layer 21, and the skeleton body 1 is directly covered by the single leather layer 21, while in seats, etc., which require higher elasticity and tactility
  • the artificial leather 2 also includes a buffer layer 22 attached to the single leather layer 21 to improve sufficient elasticity and thereby improve the comfort of passengers.
  • the buffer layer 22 may be, for example, a polyurethane sponge.
  • a light-colored polyurethane sponge is selected for the polyurethane sponge, which has a light transmittance of 8% to 15%.
  • the polyurethane sponge is used as the artificial leather 2 of the buffer layer 22
  • the light transmittance can reach 5% to 13%.
  • the buffer layer 22 uses a three-dimensional spacer fabric. As shown in FIG.
  • connection support layer 222 is formed by connecting threads, in order to improve the light transmittance in the three-dimensional spaced fabric, the mesh in one fabric layer and the mesh in the other fabric layer are arranged one by one or The size of the misalignment does not exceed 30% of the maximum span size of the mesh, and the meshes of the two fabric layers 221 are set to be one-to-one or close to one-to-one to reduce the interlacing between the meshes of the two fabric layers 221
  • the connecting thread between the two fabric layers 221 is arranged in an I-shape, which minimizes the connecting thread located in the mesh from the direction perpendicular to the fabric layer 221, thereby further ensuring More light passes through.
  • the thickness of the connecting support layer 222 and the combination of connecting threads are defined to ensure the mechanical properties of the three-dimensional spacer fabric.
  • the thickness of the connecting support layer 222 The ratio to the diameter of the connecting wire is 6 to 55, more preferably 18 to 20. In this way, the light transmittance of the three-dimensional spacer fabric is not less than 70%, and the light transmittance of the artificial leather 2 using the three-dimensional spacer fabric as the buffer layer 22 can reach 8% to 18%.
  • the car interior further includes a light shielding layer 4 disposed between the light-transmitting skin layer 211 and the light source 3.
  • the light shielding layer 4 is provided with The hollow structure 41 is a light-transmitting area, and the light shielding layer 4 covers the light source 3, so that part of the light emitted by the light source 3 can be transmitted through the hollow structure 41 to form a pattern on the surface of the artificial leather 2.
  • the light-shielding layer 4 is made of PVC, PU, PP, PET and other high-covering polymer materials or aluminum foil, etc., with a thickness ranging from 0.1 to 1 mm.
  • the required pattern of the hollow structure 41 can be made through a laser engraving process.
  • the light-shielding layer 4 can be printed on the carrier by printing.
  • the printing method can be UV printing, gravure printing, thermal transfer or screen printing, and the light-shielding layer 4 can be formed by printing.
  • the degree of binding between the light-shielding layer 4 and the carrier prevents light from being scattered between the light-shielding layer 4 and the carrier to affect the clarity of the presented pattern.
  • the shading layer 4 may not be formed with the hollow structure 41 to form the required pattern, or the shading layer 4 may be provided with a light-transmitting structure to form the required pattern.
  • a transparent material may be provided in the required pattern area.
  • Set shading materials in other locations.
  • the light-shielding layer 4 with a light-transmitting structure is also preferably printed on the carrier.
  • the printing method can be UV printing, gravure printing, thermal transfer or screen printing, for example. UV printing can realize multi-color gradation and true color due to its simple process. The advantages of display effect, etc., are especially suitable for the printing of light-shielding layers provided with light-transmitting structures.
  • the light-shielding layer 4 can be arranged between the artificial leather 2 and the skeleton body 1, for example, pasted or printed on the inner surface of the artificial leather 2 or the outer surface of the skeleton body 1.
  • the light-shielding layer 4 Preferably, it is pasted or printed on the skeleton body 1 so that the hollow structure 41 corresponds to the transparent structure. In this way, no special positioning structure or positioning process is required for the light shielding layer 4 to realize the position correspondence between the light source 3 and the hollow structure 41.
  • the light shielding layer 4 is pasted on the surface of the light source 3 or formed on the light source 3 by printing.
  • the light source 3 is an LED flexible light belt
  • the LED flexible light belt includes a diffuser film
  • the light shielding layer 4 is formed on the surface of the diffuser film by printing. In this way, the light diffuses evenly through the diffuser film until the light is shielded.
  • the layer 4 is exposed through the hollow structure 41 of the light-shielding layer 4, so as to obtain a better display effect.
  • the light-shielding layer 4 can also be sandwiched between the single leather layer 21 and the buffer layer 22, for example, can be arranged on the inner side of the single leather layer 21 or buffer layer 21 by pasting, printing, etc. The outer side of layer 22.
  • the light shielding layer 3 is built into the single leather layer 21, specifically the single leather layer 21. Between the various material layers (excluding the base cloth 214), on the one hand, the light shielding layer 3 is very close to the surface of the artificial leather 2, and the light hardly scatters, so the pattern presented is very clear, even if the artificial leather 2 is provided with a three-dimensional interval
  • the buffer layer 22 such as type fabric and polyurethane sponge will not affect the clarity of the presented pattern.
  • it can prevent the shading layer 4 from contacting other structures, forming a good protection for the shading layer 4, and can effectively avoid shading.
  • the single leather layer 21 includes at least a light-transmitting skin layer 211 and a supporting layer 212 that are laminated.
  • the support layer 212 is first calendered, and then the light shielding layer 4 is printed on the surface of the support layer 212, and then calendered on the surface of the light shielding layer 4 to form a light-transmitting surface
  • the skin layer 211 for another example, when the release paper coating process is used, the light-transmitting skin layer 211 is first coated on the release paper, and then the light-shielding layer 4 is printed on the surface of the light-transmitting skin layer 211, and then the light-shielding layer The surface of 4 is coated to form a support layer 212.
  • the light-shielding layer 4 and the single leather layer 21 use the same main material, for example, PVC is used as the main material.
  • the single leather layer 21 includes a transparent skin layer 211, a support layer 212, a glue layer 213, and a base cloth 214 that are stacked
  • the light shielding layer 4 may be disposed between the transparent skin layer 211 and the support layer 212, or may be disposed between the transparent skin layer 211 and the support layer 212.
  • the light-transmitting areas can be set in groups, especially for patterns with a larger display area or relatively scattered patterns, the light-transmitting areas are grouped, each group of light-transmitting areas includes at least one light-transmitting area, and each group of light-transmitting areas corresponds to One light source 3 is provided, so that the light source 3 can be allocated more reasonably, and the production cost is reduced while ensuring the display effect.
  • the present application also provides a car with the above-mentioned car interior, which can achieve optical effects through the above-mentioned car interior, thereby improving the atmosphere in the car.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

一种汽车内饰，包括骨架组件和包覆于骨架组件外侧的人造革（2），骨架组件包括骨架本体（1）和光源（3），骨架本体（1）具有光源安装部，光源（3）安装在光源安装部，光源（3）被人造革（2）包覆，人造革（2）包括单革层（21），单革层（21）至少包括透光表皮层（211），透光表皮层（211）为带颜色层，透光表皮层（211）中的色粉粒径为0.5至10nm，单革层（21）的至少部分区域为透光区域，单革层（21）在透光区域的透光率大于12％，在包覆状态下，光源（3）的位置至少对应透光区域的一部分，光源（3）发出的光有至少部分能够经透光区域透出。

Description

汽车内饰、骨架组件及汽车 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车内饰技术领域，具体涉及一种汽车内饰、骨架组件及汽车。
背景技术
随着人们对于汽车内饰质量及舒适度要求的不断提升，越来越多的功能希望被引入到汽车内饰的开发过程中，例如使汽车内饰中的人造革能具备一定的透光能力从而可借助于背景光源来改善车内氛围。传统的人造革因其独特的材料特性对光线具有阻隔效应，并不具备透光性能，若要实现车内光学效果，现有的解决方式有如下两种：
1.将光源设置在人造革的对侧，将图案投射到人造革的表面，这种设置方式一方面会占据内饰空间，另一方面非常容易对光源造成遮挡，进而导致图案显示失效；
2.对人造革进行表面打孔处理并将光源设置在人造革内侧以实现人造革的透光，这不仅增加了整车设计的成本，且冲孔工艺会降低产品的力学性能，另外，受打孔工艺限制，并不能实现精细图案的显示。
发明内容
基于上述现状，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种汽车内饰、骨架组件及汽车，以实现通过汽车内饰来改善车内氛围的场景。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
本发明的第一方面提供了一种汽车内饰，包括骨架组件和包覆于所述骨架组件外侧的人造革，所述骨架组件包括骨架本体和光源，所述骨架本体具有光源安装部，所述光源安装在所述光源安装部，并且所述光源被所述人造革包覆，所述人造革包括单革层，所述单革层至少包括透光表皮层，所述透光表皮层为带颜色层，所述透光表皮层中的色粉粒径为0.5至10nm，所述单革层的至少 部分区域为透光区域，所述单革层在所述透光区域的透光率大于12％，在包覆状态下，所述光源的位置至少对应所述透光区域的一部分，所述光源发出的光有至少部分能够经所述透光区域透出。
优选地，所述光源安装部包括设置于所述骨架本体上的通孔，所述通孔的位置至少与所述透光区域的一部分对应，所述光源安装于所述通孔内。
优选地，所述光源为面光源，所述光源安装部包括设置于所述骨架本体外侧的凹槽，所述凹槽的位置至少与所述透光区域的一部分对应，所述面光源设置于所述凹槽内。
优选地，所述骨架本体至少部分设置为透明结构，所述透明结构与所述透光区域位置对应，所述光源安装部设置在所述透明结构的内侧，以使得所述光源发出的光透过所述透明结构并经所述透光区域透出。
优选地，所述骨架组件还包括设置在所述骨架本体中的控制电路，所述控制电路与所述至少一个光源电连接，以控制所述至少一个光源的点亮和熄灭。
优选地，所述骨架组件还包括设置在所述骨架本体上的开关按钮，所述开关按钮与所述控制电路电连接，以控制所述至少一个光源的电路通断，所述开关按钮包括至少一个发光元件，所述发光元件与所述控制电路的电源端电连接，在所述控制电路接通电源的状态下，所述至少一个发光元件被点亮，使得所述人造革的表面显现所述开关按钮的位置。
优选地，所述汽车内饰还包括设置在所述透光表皮层与所述光源之间的遮光层，所述遮光层上设置有镂空或透光结构，所述镂空或透光结构所在区域为所述透光区域，所述遮光层覆盖所述光源，所述光源发出的光的一部分能够经所述镂空或透光结构透出，以在所述人造革的表面形成图案。
优选地，所述光源固定于所述骨架本体内侧，所述遮光层粘贴或印刷于所述骨架本体的外侧面且至少与所述光源安装部位置对应。
优选地，所述光源有至少部分表面露于所述骨架本体的外侧时，所述遮光层粘贴于所述光源的表面或者通过印刷方式形成于所述光源的表面。
优选地，所述光源为LED柔性光带，所述LED柔性光带包括扩散膜，所述遮光层通过印刷方式形成于所述扩散膜的表面。
优选地，所述遮光层内置于所述单革层内。
优选地，所述光源安装部用于对一组光源按预定形状进行排列安装，以使 得所述光源发出的光在所述汽车内饰表面形成与所述预定形状对应的图案。
优选地，所述透光区域设置有多组，每组中至少有一个透光区域，每一组所述透光区域对应设置一个所述光源。
优选地，所述人造革还包括贴附于所述单革层的三维间隔型织物或聚氨酯海绵，
其中，所述三维间隔型织物的透光率不低于70％；
所述聚氨酯海绵的透光率为8％至15％。
本发明的第二方面提供了一种骨架组件，所述汽车骨架为如上所述的汽车内饰中的骨架组件。
本发明的第三方面提供了一种汽车，包括如上所述的汽车内饰。
本发明提供的汽车内饰中，将包覆于骨架本体上的人造革设置为具有透光性，通过将人造革中单革层的透光表皮层的色粉粒径设置为纳米级，无需打孔设置即可使得单革层的透光率达到12％以上，保证人造革的力学性能且能够实现精细图案的显示。在骨架本体上设置光源安装部，通过光源安装部实现光源的安装，并将光源定位在单革层的透光区域，从而使得光源发出的光有至少部分经透光区域透出，以达到利用光源改善车内氛围的效果，利用骨架实现对光源的表面定位和安装，结构简单紧凑，且装配方便。
本发明的其他有益效果，将在具体实施方式中通过具体技术特征和技术方案的介绍来阐述，本领域技术人员通过这些技术特征和技术方案的介绍，应能理解所述技术特征和技术方案带来的有益技术效果。
附图说明
以下将参照附图对根据本发明的优选实施方式进行描述。图中：
图1为根据本发明的一种优选实施方式的汽车内饰的结构示意图之一；
图2为根据本发明的一种优选实施方式的汽车内饰中骨架与光源的配合结构示意图之一；
图3为根据本发明的一种优选实施方式的汽车内饰的结构示意图之二；
图4为根据本发明的一种优选实施方式的汽车内饰中骨架与光源的配合结构示意图之二；
图5为根据本发明的一种优选实施方式的汽车内饰中骨架与光源的配合 结构示意图之三；
图6为根据本发明的一种优选实施方式的汽车内饰中人造革的结构示意图；
图7为根据本发明的一种优选实施方式的汽车内饰中人造革的三维间隔织物的结构示意图；
图8为根据本发明的一种优选实施方式的汽车内饰中遮光层的结构示意图；
图9为根据本发明的一种优选实施方式的汽车内饰中单革层的结构示意图之一；
图10为根据本发明的一种优选实施方式的汽车内饰中单革层的结构示意图之二。
图中，1、骨架本体；11、通孔；12、凹槽；2、人造革；21、单革层；22、缓冲层；221、织物层；222、连接支撑层；211、透光表皮层；212、支撑层；213、胶水层；214、基布；3、光源；4、遮光层；41、镂空结构。
具体实施方式
以下基于实施例对本发明进行描述，但是本发明并不仅仅限于这些实施例。在下文对本发明的细节描述中，详尽描述了一些特定的细节部分，为了避免混淆本发明的实质，公知的方法、过程、流程、元件并没有详细叙述。
此外，本领域普通技术人员应当理解，在此提供的附图都是为了说明的目的，并且附图不一定是按比例绘制的。
除非上下文明确要求，否则整个说明书和权利要求书中的“包括”、“包含”等类似词语应当解释为包含的含义而不是排他或穷举的含义；也就是说，是“包括但不限于”的含义。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。此外，在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。本申请中，靠近汽车内饰的露于外部的外表面的一侧为外侧，背离外表面的一侧为内侧。
本申请中所述的透光率(Transmittance)的测试方法为：ASTM E1348。
针对现有汽车内饰光学效果和力学性能难以兼顾、无法实现精细图案显示 的问题，本申请的申请人发现，人造革的透光性差的主要原因是由于表皮层是带颜色层，对光线具有很大的阻碍作用，而若减少颜料的用量，则颜色的遮盖性就会很差，本申请中，透光表皮层原料中的色粉采用纳米级粒径的色粉，从而降低色粉对光线的阻碍，即使为了保证颜色遮盖性而使用的色粉量较大，也能够保证制备出的具有该透光表皮层的单革层具备一定的透光性。具体地，本申请提供了一种骨架组件及汽车内饰，如图1所示，本申请提供的汽车内饰包括骨架组件和包覆于所述骨架组件外侧的人造革2，骨架组件包括骨架本体1以及安装于骨架本体1的光源3，所述骨架本体1具有光源安装部，所述光源3安装在所述光源安装部，并且所述光源3被所述人造革2包覆。所述人造革2包括单革层21，所述单革层21至少包括透光表皮层211，所述透光表皮层211为带颜色层，所述透光表皮层211中的色粉粒径为0.5至10nm，所述单革层21的至少部分区域为透光区域，由于透光表皮层211中的色粉粒径为纳米级，因此，所述单革层21在所述透光区域的透光率能够达到12％以上，在包覆状态下，所述光源3的位置至少对应所述透光区域的一部分，所述光源3发出的光有至少部分能够经所述透光区域透出。如此，当光源3熄灭时，人造革2呈现常规人造革的外观，而当光源3点亮时，光线从透光区域透出，实现汽车内饰的光学效果。
可以理解的是，单革层21可以仅包括透光表皮层211，也可以包括层叠设置的透光表皮层211和支撑层212，或者是层叠设置的透光表皮层211、支撑层212和胶水层213，亦或是层叠设置的透光表皮层211、支撑层212、胶水层213和基布214。其中，支撑层212不进行发泡工艺或进行微发泡工艺，微发泡工艺的发泡倍率小于或等于1.5，如此，能够避免发泡工艺影响人造革的透光性。基布优选采用透光性好的针织或无纺布，优选采用透光性好的针织PE基布。
单革层21可以整体均设置为透光区域，也可以一部分设置为透光区域，一部分通过设置遮光结构形成为不透光区域(后面有具体介绍)。
本申请提供的汽车内饰由于其单革层21的透光率能够达到12％以上，无需进行打孔工艺，从而保证单革层21的力学性能，且不受打孔结构的影响，能够精细图案的显示。
由于在骨架本体1上设置有光源安装部，通过光源安装部实现光源3的安 装，并将光源3定位在单革层21的透光区域，如此，利用骨架本体1实现对光源3的表面定位和安装，结构简单紧凑，且装配方便。
其中，光源安装部可以为任意能够实现光源安装的结构，例如，在图1所示的实施例中，光源安装部包括设置于骨架本体1上的通孔11，通孔11的位置至少与透光区域的一部分对应，即，透光区域可以为一个也可以为多个，通孔11可以是与一个透光区域对应，也可以与多个透光区域中的一部分对应，光源3安装于通孔11内，从而使得光源3发出的光能够通过通孔11对应的透光区域透出。这种结构的光源安装部适于灯珠等在厚度方向上尺寸较大的光源3，通过将光源3容置在通孔11内，保证汽车内饰在厚度方向的紧凑性。进一步地，如图2所示，可以在骨架本体1上相互靠近设置多个通孔11，多个通孔11形成一定的形状，每个通孔11内均设置光源3，多个通孔11内的多个光源3形成一个按预定形状进行排列的光源组，例如，在图2所示的实施例中，光源组排列形成一个六边形，如此，多个光源3发出的光在人造革2的表面呈现与预定形状相应的图案。
再例如，在图3所示的实施例中，光源安装部包括设置于骨架本体1外侧的凹槽12，凹槽12的位置至少与透光区域的一部分对应，即，透光区域可以为一个也可以为多个，凹槽12的位置可以是与一个透光区域对应，也可以与多个透光区域中的一部分对应，光源3设置于凹槽12内，从而使得光源3发出的光能够通过凹槽12对应的透光区域透出。这种结构的光源安装部适于面光源等在厚度方向上尺寸较小的光源3，通过将光源3容置在凹槽12内，亦能够保证汽车内饰在厚度方向的紧凑性。进一步地，可以将凹槽12的形状设置为特定的形状，例如，如图4所示的S形，在特定S形状的凹槽12内设置相应造型的光源3，或者，如图5所示，在特定S形状的凹槽12内设置一个光源组，光源组中的多个光源3按该特定的形状排列，从而使得光源3发出的光在人造革2的表面呈现与预定形状相应的图案。
当然，光源安装部也可以设置在骨架本体1的内侧，由于常规骨架结构是不透光的，为了使得骨架本体1内侧的光源3发出的光透出，骨架本体1至少在与光源3相对应的位置设置为透明结构，即，骨架本体1可以整体设置为透明结构，也可以是仅在与光源3对应的位置设置为透明结构，而其他位置仍然采用常规材质，透明结构与其他位置的结构通过粘接、卡接、紧固件连接等方 式连接在一起。透明结构例如可以选用PC、PP、亚克力等材质。
光源3的点亮和熄灭通过控制电路进行控制，控制电路可以连接至中控台，从而可通过中控台对光源3的点亮和熄灭进行控制，也可以直接通过内置于骨架本体1的开关按钮实现对光源3的控制。优选地，控制电路设置在骨架本体1中，从而作为骨架组件的一部分，如此，利用骨架本体1对控制电路进行支撑和走线，既使得结构紧凑，又能够对控制电路进行很好的保护。
在直接通过内置于骨架本体1的开关按钮对光源3进行控制的实施例中，具体地，骨架组件包括设置在骨架本体1上的开关按钮，开关按钮与光源3的控制电路电连接，如此，通过开关按钮可以控制该控制电路控制的光源3的电路通断，开关按钮的按压表面设置有发光元件，发光元件设置在与一透光区域对应的位置，该发光元件与控制电路的电源端电连接，如此，一旦控制电路接通电源，该发光元件即被点亮，相应地，发光元件发出的光在人造革2的表面的相应位置透出，从而指示出开关按钮的位置，如此，可以选择将开关按钮设置在任意方便操作的位置，例如后座、顶棚等位置，从而方便驾驶员之外的其他乘客的操作，另外，由于内置于人造革2内侧，不占用内饰空间，使得结构更加紧凑。
在某些柔软性、弹性要求不高的位置，人造革2可以仅包括单革层21，通过单革层21直接对骨架本体1进行包覆，而在座椅等对弹性、触感要求较高的位置，如图6所示，人造革2还包括贴附于单革层21的缓冲层22，以提高足够的弹性，进而提高乘客的使用舒适性。缓冲层22例如可以为聚氨酯海绵，为了保证形成的人造革2的透光性，聚氨酯海绵选用浅色聚氨酯海绵，其透光率为8％至15％，采用聚氨酯海绵作为缓冲层22的人造革2的透光率可达到5％至13％。为进一步提高透光率，优选地，缓冲层22选用三维间隔型织物，如图7所示，三维间隔型织物包括相互平行且间隔设置的两个织物层221，还包括连接两个织物层221的连接支撑层222，连接支撑层222由连接丝线形成，为提高三维间隔型织物中的透光率，其中一个织物层中的网孔与另一织物层中的网孔一一对正设置或者错位尺寸不超过网孔最大跨度尺寸的30％，将两个织物层221的网孔之间设置为一一对正或者接近于一一对正，减少两织物层221的网孔之间的交错，从而保证更多的光线穿过，连接丝线在两个织物层221之间的部分呈I型设置，最大程度的降低从垂直于织物层221方 向看位于网孔内的连接丝线，从而进一步保证更多光线的通过。为避免连接丝线I型设置影响到三维间隔型织物的支撑性能，通过对连接支撑层222的厚度与连接丝线的组合限定来保证三维间隔型织物的力学性能，优选地，连接支撑层222的厚度与连接丝线的直径之比为6至55，进一步优选地为18至20。如此，使得三维间隔型织物的透光率不低于70％，选用三维间隔型织物作为缓冲层22的人造革2的透光率能够达到8％至18％。
为了实现特定图案的呈现，在另一优选的实施例中，汽车内饰还包括设置在透光表皮层211与光源3之间的遮光层4，如图8所示，遮光层4上设置有镂空结构41，镂空结构41所在区域为透光区域，遮光层4覆盖光源3，如此，光源3发出的光的一部分能够经镂空结构41透出，从而以在人造革2的表面形成图案。遮光层4采用PVC、PU、PP、PET等遮盖性好的高分子材料或铝箔等制作，厚度范围为0.1至1mm，其可以通过激光雕刻工艺做出所需的镂空结构41的图案，为简化工艺，提高生产效率，优选地，可采用印刷方式将遮光层4印刷于载体上，印刷方式例如可以为UV印刷、凹版印刷、热转印或丝网印刷，通过印刷方式形成遮光层4能够提高遮光层4与载体的结合度，避免光线在遮光层4与载体之间发生散射而影响呈现的图案的清晰度。当然，可以理解的是，遮光层4也可以不以镂空结构41形成所需图案，也可以是在遮光层4设置透光结构形成所需图案，例如，在所需图案区域设置透明材质，在其他位置设置遮光材质。带有透光结构的遮光层4也优选印刷于载体上，印刷方式例如可以为UV印刷、凹版印刷、热转印或丝网印刷，UV印刷因其工艺简单、能够实现多色渐变和真彩显示效果等优点，尤其适于设有透光结构的遮光层的印刷。
遮光层4可以设置在人造革2与骨架本体1之间，例如粘贴或者印刷于人造革2的内侧面或者骨架本体1的外侧面上，例如，当光源3设置于骨架本体1内侧时，遮光层4优选粘贴或印刷于骨架本体1上，并使得镂空结构41与透明结构对应，这样，无需对遮光层4设置特别的定位结构或定位工艺即可实现光源3与镂空结构41的位置对应。再例如，当光源3有至少部分表面露于骨架本体1的外侧时，例如光源安装部为通孔11或者凹槽12时，遮光层4粘贴于光源3的表面或者通过印刷方式形成于光源3的表面，如此，也无需对遮光层4设置特别的定位结构或定位工艺，亦能实现光源3与镂空结构41的位 置对应。在一个具体的实施例中，光源3为LED柔性光带，LED柔性光带包括扩散膜，遮光层4通过印刷方式形成于扩散膜的表面，如此，光线经过扩散膜的扩散均匀地分散至遮光层4并经遮光层4的镂空结构41透出，从而获得更好的显示效果。
在人造革2包括缓冲层22的实施例中，遮光层4也可以夹置于单革层21和缓冲层22之间，例如可以通过粘贴、印刷等方式设置于单革层21的内侧面或缓冲层22的外侧面。
由于光线在经过各个结构进行传输的过程中易形成散射，进而影响呈现在人造革2表面的图案的清晰度，优选地，遮光层3内置于单革层21内，具体为内置于单革层21的各材料层(不包括基布214)之间，一方面使得遮光层3距离人造革2的表面非常近，光线几乎不会发生散射，因此呈现的图案非常清晰，即使该人造革2设置有三维间隔型织物、聚氨酯海绵等缓冲层22，也不会影响呈现出的图案的清晰度，另一方面，能够避免遮光层4与其他结构接触，对遮光层4形成很好的保护，能够有效避免遮光层4的脱落以及与其他结构粘接时对遮光层4的破坏。此时，单革层21至少包括层叠设置的透光表皮层211和支撑层212，参照图9，当单革层21包括透光表皮层211和支撑层212时，遮光层4设置于透光表皮层211与支撑层212之间，例如，当采用压延工艺时，首先压延形成支撑层212，然后在支撑层212的表面印刷形成遮光层4，再在遮光层4的表面压延形成透光表皮层211，再例如，当采用离型纸涂覆工艺时，首先在离型纸上涂覆形成透光表皮层211，然后在透光表皮层211的表面印刷形成遮光层4，再在遮光层4的表面涂覆形成支撑层212。为了保证遮光层4与其他相邻材料层之间形成很好的结合，优选地，遮光层4与单革层21采用相同的主料，例如均采用PVC作为主料。当单革层21包括层叠设置的透光表皮层211、支撑层212、胶水层213和基布214时，遮光层4可设置在透光表皮层211与支撑层212之间，也可以设置在支撑层212与胶水层213之间，为了提高在人造革2表面呈现图案的清晰度，如图9所示，遮光层4优选设置在透光表皮层211与支撑层212之间，从而使得遮光层4更加靠近人造革2的表面设置。
透光区域可分组设置，尤其对于需要显示面积较大的图案或者比较分散的图案时，将透光区域进行分组，每组透光区域中包括至少一个透光区域，每一 组透光区域对应设置一个光源3，如此，能够更加合理的对光源3进行分配，在保证显示效果的同时降低生产成本。
进一步地，本申请还提供了一种具有上述汽车内饰的汽车，通过上述汽车内饰能够实现光学效果，从而改善车内氛围。
本领域的技术人员能够理解的是，在不冲突的前提下，上述各优选方案可以自由地组合、叠加。
应当理解，上述的实施方式仅是示例性的，而非限制性的，在不偏离本发明的基本原理的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以针对上述细节做出的各种明显的或等同的修改或替换，都将包含于本发明的权利要求范围内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种汽车内饰，包括骨架组件和包覆于所述骨架组件外侧的人造革，其特征在于，所述骨架组件包括骨架本体和光源，所述骨架本体具有光源安装部，所述光源安装在所述光源安装部，并且所述光源被所述人造革包覆，所述人造革包括单革层，所述单革层至少包括透光表皮层，所述透光表皮层为带颜色层，所述透光表皮层中的色粉粒径为0.5至10nm，所述单革层的至少部分区域为透光区域，所述单革层在所述透光区域的透光率大于12％，在包覆状态下，所述光源的位置至少对应所述透光区域的一部分，所述光源发出的光有至少部分能够经所述透光区域透出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述光源安装部包括设置于所述骨架本体上的通孔，所述通孔的位置至少与所述透光区域的一部分对应，所述光源安装于所述通孔内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述光源为面光源，所述光源安装部包括设置于所述骨架本体外侧的凹槽，所述凹槽的位置至少与所述透光区域的一部分对应，所述面光源设置于所述凹槽内。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述骨架本体至少部分设置为透明结构，所述透明结构与所述透光区域位置对应，所述光源安装部设置在所述透明结构的内侧，以使得所述光源发出的光透过所述透明结构并经所述透光区域透出。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述骨架组件还包括设置在所述骨架本体中的控制电路，所述控制电路与所述至少一个光源电连接，以控制所述至少一个光源的点亮和熄灭。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述骨架组件还包括设置在所述骨架本体上的开关按钮，所述开关按钮与所述控制电路电连接，以控制所述至少一个光源的电路通断，所述开关按钮包括至少一个发光元件，所述发光元件与所述控制电路的电源端电连接，在所述控制电路接通电源的状态下，所述至少一个发光元件被点亮，使得所述人造革的表面显现所述开关按钮的位置。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述汽车内 饰还包括设置在所述透光表皮层与所述光源之间的遮光层，所述遮光层上设置有镂空或透光结构，所述镂空或透光结构所在区域为所述透光区域，所述遮光层覆盖所述光源，所述光源发出的光的一部分能够经所述镂空或透光结构透出，以在所述人造革的表面形成图案。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述光源固定于所述骨架本体内侧，所述遮光层粘贴或印刷于所述骨架本体的外侧面且至少与所述光源安装部位置对应。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述光源有至少部分表面露于所述骨架本体的外侧，所述遮光层粘贴于所述光源的表面或者通过印刷方式形成于所述光源的表面。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述光源为LED柔性光带，所述LED柔性光带包括扩散膜，所述遮光层通过印刷方式形成于所述扩散膜的表面。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述遮光层内置于所述单革层内。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11任一项所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述光源安装部用于对一组光源按预定形状进行排列安装，以使得所述光源发出的光在所述汽车内饰表面形成与所述预定形状对应的图案。
  13. 根据权利要求1至11任一项所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述透光区域设置有多组，每组中至少有一个透光区域，每一组所述透光区域对应设置一个所述光源。
  14. 根据权利要求1至11任一项所述的汽车内饰，其特征在于，所述人造革还包括贴附于所述单革层的三维间隔型织物或聚氨酯海绵，
    其中，所述三维间隔型织物的透光率不低于70％；
    所述聚氨酯海绵的透光率为8％至15％。
  15. 一种骨架组件，其特征在于，所述骨架组件为如权利要求1至14任一项所述的汽车内饰中的骨架组件。
  16. 一种汽车，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至14任一项所述的汽车内饰。
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