WO2021171766A1 - 絶縁被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
絶縁被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C23C22/33—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds containing also phosphates
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an insulating film and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an insulating film and a method for manufacturing the same, which is excellent in adhesion and film tension of the insulating film.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is a soft magnetic material used as an iron core material for transformers and generators, and has a crystal structure in which the ⁇ 001> orientation, which is the easy axis of iron magnetization, is highly aligned in the rolling direction of the steel sheet. ..
- ⁇ 001> orientation which is the easy axis of iron magnetization
- Such textures preferentially grow huge grains in the (110) [001] orientation, which is the so-called Goss orientation, during secondary recrystallization annealing. Formed through secondary recrystallization.
- a film is formed on the surface in order to impart insulation, workability, rust prevention, etc.
- a surface coating is composed of a base coating mainly composed of forsterite (hereinafter, also referred to as a forsterite coating) formed at the time of finish annealing and a phosphate-based topcoat coating formed on the undercoat.
- the forsterite film plays an important role in improving the adhesion between the steel sheet (base iron) and the phosphate-based topcoat film.
- the phosphate-based topcoat film is formed at a high temperature and has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, tension is applied to the steel sheet due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the steel sheet and the film when the temperature drops to room temperature, resulting in iron loss. Has the effect of reducing. Therefore, it is desired to apply the highest possible tension to the steel sheet in addition to the insulating property and other properties.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having the coating film on the surface is processed to manufacture an iron core such as a transformer, if the coating film is inferior in adhesion, heat resistance, and slipperiness, the film film is formed during processing or strain removal annealing. Is peeled off, and the original performance of the film such as the application of film tension is not exhibited, or the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets cannot be laminated smoothly, resulting in deterioration of workability.
- Patent Document 1 relates to a directional electromagnetic steel plate having a high-tensile and excellent adhesive coating containing a phosphate, a chromate, and a colloidal silica having a glass transition point of 950 to 1200 ° C. as a main component.
- Technology has been proposed.
- a chromate which is a chromium compound, is blended in the insulating coating, and it is evaluated that the coating adhesion is excellent.
- Patent Document 2 has proposed a method for forming an insulating film using a coating treatment liquid composed of colloidal silica, aluminum phosphate, boric acid and sulfate.
- Patent Document 3 adds a boron compound instead of a chromium compound to the coating treatment liquid
- Patent Document 4 adds an oxide colloidal substance to the coating treatment liquid.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a technique for incorporating a metal organic acid salt into a coating treatment liquid.
- Patent Document 6 describes that after light pickling a finish annealing plate having a finish annealing coating mainly composed of a forsterite coating, 0.5 g / m 2 or more and 3 g / m per side.
- a film mainly composed of 2 or less phosphates or a film mainly composed of phosphates of 0.5 g / m 2 or more and 3 g / m 2 or less and colloidal silica per side is formed, and then alumina sol and boric acid are mainly used.
- Disclosed is a method of forming an aluminum borate-based insulating film having a large applied tension with good adhesion by applying and baking a coating liquid to be coated.
- Patent Document 6 aims to form an insulating film having a large applied tension, such as an aluminum borate-based insulating film, on a finish-annealed film mainly composed of forsterite with good adhesion.
- a phosphate film formed as a first layer or a film mainly composed of phosphate and colloidal silica is used as a repair material. It exerts the effect of.
- the film formed as the first layer is intended to improve the adhesion of the aluminum borate-based insulating film formed as the second layer by repairing the forsterite film cracked by etching.
- Patent Document 6 requires a second layer containing aluminum borate as a main component, and from a plurality of layers (first layer and second layer) on a finish annealed film mainly composed of forsterite. Since an insulating film having a layered structure is formed, there is a problem that the cost is industrially high.
- Patent Document 7 discloses a technique for improving the film adhesion of a forsterite film by controlling the distribution state of Mg and Sr in the forsterite film (base film) and forming a good forsterite film. ing.
- the morphology of the forsterite coating anchor portion is changed by forming an Sr oxide under the forsterite coating, and the adhesion of the forsterite coating is improved.
- the technique disclosed in Patent Document 7 improves the adhesion of the forsterite film to the ground iron, the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the forsterite film and the insulating film formed on the film is different. If it is large, peeling may occur at the interface between the forsterite coating and the insulating coating.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-71683 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 54-143737 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-169973 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-169972 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-178760 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-207453 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-76146
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an insulating coating having excellent adhesion and coating tension of the insulating coating.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an insulating coating, which has excellent adhesion and coating tension of the insulating coating.
- the present inventors have diligently studied to form an insulating film having both desired high coating tension and high adhesion in a structure consisting of one layer, and as a result, Sr , Ca, and Ba, it has been found that the desired high coating tension and high adhesion may be achieved when at least one of Ca and Ba is contained. However, it was also found that even if the undercoat contains at least one of Sr, Ca, and Ba, good results may not be obtained. As a result of diligent investigation of the cause, Sr, Ca, and Ba contained in the base film were appropriately diffused into the insulating film of silicate glass mainly composed of metal phosphate and colloidal silica. It was found that an insulating film showing good film tension and adhesion can be obtained.
- the gist structure of the present invention is as follows.
- Directional directionality with an insulating film which has a base film mainly composed of forsterite on the surface of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, and an insulating film containing silicate glass as a main component is formed on the surface of the base film.
- N be the thickness of the insulating coating
- M be the thickness of the undercoat. From the surface of the insulating film to the plate thickness direction, the position of the surface of the insulating film is x (0), the position of the center of the thickness of the insulating film is x (N / 2), and the insulating film and the base film are formed.
- the position of the interface between the two is x (N), and the position at the center of the thickness of the base film is x (N + M / 2).
- the maximum Sr concentration, maximum Ca concentration, and maximum Ba concentration in the region from the position x (0) to x (N / 2) are Sr (A), Ca (A), Ba (A), respectively.
- the Sr concentration, Ca concentration, and Ba concentration at the position x (N) are Sr (B), Ca (B), Ba (B), respectively.
- the Sr concentration, Ca concentration, and Ba concentration, which are the maximum in the region of the combined thickness of the insulating film and the base film, are set to Sr (C), Ca (C), and Ba (C), respectively, and the Sr (C) , Ca (C), Ba (C), respectively, when x (Sr (C)), x (Ca (C)), x (Ba (C))
- A) A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an insulating coating that satisfies ⁇ 0.
- a finish-annealed grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a base film mainly composed of forsterite on the surface and containing at least one of Sr, Ca, and Ba in the base film.
- a treatment agent for forming an insulating film containing a metal phosphate and colloidal silica as main components and substantially free of Sr, Ca and Ba In an atmosphere where the dew point is -30 ° C or higher and -15 ° C or lower, the temperature range from 50 ° C to 200 ° C is heated at an average heating rate of 20 ° C / s or higher and 40 ° C / s or lower, and 800 ° C or higher and 1000 ° C.
- a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an insulating film which forms an insulating film on the surface of the base film by baking at a baking temperature of ° C. or lower.
- the treatment agent for forming an insulating film contains 50 to 200 parts by mass of colloidal silica in terms of SiO 2 solid content with respect to 100 parts by mass of a metal phosphate in terms of solid content, according to [2]. Manufacturing method of grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with insulating coating.
- FIG. 1 is an example of a graph showing the measurement results of the concentration distributions of Sr and Ca in this example.
- the sample was prepared as follows. By mass%, Si: 3.3%, C: 0.06%, Mn: 0.05%, S: 0.01%, sol.
- a silicon steel plate slab containing Al: 0.02% and N: 0.01% was heated to 1150 ° C. and then hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled plate having a plate thickness of 2.2 mm.
- the hot-rolled plate was annealed at 1000 ° C. for 1 minute and then cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled plate having a final plate thickness of 0.23 mm.
- the temperature was raised from room temperature to 820 ° C. at a heating rate of 50 ° C./s, and decarburization annealing was performed at 820 ° C. for 80 seconds in a moist atmosphere (50 vol% H 2 , 50 vol% N 2, dew point 60 ° C.). ..
- An annealing separator obtained by mixing 5 parts by mass of TiO 2 and 6 parts by mass of SrSO 4 with 100 parts by mass of MgO is made into a water slurry and then applied to the obtained cold rolled sheet after decarburization and annealing. , Dried.
- This steel sheet is heated between 300 ° C. and 800 ° C. for 100 hours, then heated to 1200 ° C. at 50 ° C./hr, and annealed at 1200 ° C. for 5 hours. Is removed and annealed (800 ° C. for 2 hours), and finish-annealed directional electromagnetic steel sheet having a base film mainly composed of forsterite (hereinafter, also referred to as "directional electromagnetic steel sheet with base film"). ) was prepared.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a base film (oriented electrical steel sheet A with a base film) containing 0.0043 parts by mass of Sr in 100 parts by mass of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a base film was obtained.
- annealing separator instead of the annealing separator, an annealing separator in which 5 parts by mass of TiO 2 and 5 parts by mass of CaSO 4 were mixed with 100 parts by mass of MgO was used.
- a directional electromagnetic steel sheet with a base film (directional electromagnetic steel sheet B with a base film) was prepared in the same manner as described above.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet B with a base film contained 0.0043 parts by mass of Ca in 100 parts by mass of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a base film.
- annealing separator instead of the annealing separator, an annealing separator in which 5 parts by mass of TiO 2 and 9 parts by mass of BaSO 4 were mixed with 100 parts by mass of MgO was used.
- a directional electromagnetic steel sheet with a base film (directional electromagnetic steel sheet C with a base film) was prepared in the same manner as described above.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet C with a base film contained 0.0066 parts by mass of Ba in 100 parts by mass of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a base film.
- each of the directional electromagnetic steel sheets A, B, and C with a base film obtained as described above was lightly pickled with 5% by mass phosphoric acid, and then the following treatment agents A to E for forming an insulating film were added. Apply so that the total amount of grain on both sides after baking is 8 g / m 2, and set the temperature range from 50 ° C to 200 ° C to the dew point atmosphere (DP (° C)) and average temperature rise rate (V) shown in Table 1. After heating at (° C./s)), it was baked at a baking temperature (T (° C.)) to produce a directional electromagnetic steel plate with an insulating film.
- DP dew point atmosphere
- V average temperature rise rate
- Treatment agent for forming an insulating film With respect to 100 parts by mass of primary magnesium phosphate in terms of solid content, 80 parts by mass of colloidal silica and 50 parts by mass of Mg nitrate in terms of SiO 2 solid content, 17 parts by mass. A treatment agent containing Sr carbonate. (Insulation film forming treatment agent D) With respect to 100 parts by mass of primary magnesium phosphate in terms of solid content, 80 parts by mass of colloidal silica and 50 parts by mass of Mg nitrate in terms of SiO 2 solid content, 15 parts by mass. A treatment agent containing Ca citrate.
- (Insulation film forming treatment agent E) With respect to 100 parts by mass of primary magnesium phosphate in terms of solid content, 80 parts by mass of colloidal silica and 50 parts by mass of Mg nitrate in terms of SiO 2 solid content, 17 parts by mass. A treatment agent containing a portion of magnesium nitrate Ba.
- the coating structure of the directional electromagnetic steel sheet sample with an insulating coating thus obtained, the adhesion of the insulating coating, and the tension applied to the steel sheet (coating tension) were investigated.
- the evaluation results are also shown in Table 1.
- No. Table 2 shows the process of deriving the investigation results of the coating structure shown in Table 1 from the glow discharge emission analysis for the samples 1-2 to 1-5 and 1-18.
- the tension applied to the steel plate is the tension in the rolling direction, and the coating on one side of the test piece having a rolling direction length of 280 mm and a rolling perpendicular direction length of 30 mm prepared from each sample of the directional electromagnetic steel plate with an insulating tension coating.
- the one end 30 mm of the test piece was fixed, and the amount of warpage was measured with the portion of the test piece 250 mm as the measurement length, and calculated using the following formula (I). bottom.
- Adhesion was evaluated by the cross-cut method of JIS K 5600-5-6.
- As the adhesive tape in the evaluation cellophane tape (registered trademark) CT-18 (adhesive strength: 4.01 N / 10 mm) was used, and the number of peeled squares (number of peeled squares) among the 2 mm square squares was as follows. It is described in Table 1. When the number of peels was 3 or less, it was judged that the adhesion was excellent.
- the coating structure was investigated by measuring the element distribution in the film thickness direction perpendicular to the coating surface by glow discharge emission analysis (hereinafter, GDS). By comparing the characteristic components contained in the insulating film, the base film, and the base iron with Sr, Ca, and Ba in the plate thickness direction from the surface of the insulating film, Sr, Ca, and Ba are the insulating film and the base film. You can see which part of the throat is segregated.
- the coating structure was determined by utilizing the fact that Mg is contained in the insulating coating and the undercoat and the levels of the amount of Mg in the insulating coating and the undercoat are different.
- the position of the surface of the insulating film is x (0), the thickness of the insulating film is N, and the thickness of the underlying film is N from the surface of the insulating film toward the plate thickness direction.
- Is M the position x (N) of the interface between the insulating film and the base film, the center position x (N / 2) of the thickness of the insulating film, and the center position x (N + M / 2) of the thickness of the base film are determined.
- the interface position x (N) between the insulating film and the base film, the center position x (N / 2) of the thickness of the insulating film, and the center position x (N + M / 2) of the thickness of the base film are insulated. Taking advantage of the fact that Mg is contained in the film and the base film and the levels of the amount of Mg in the insulating film and the base film are different, the following is made. If Fe is also measured, it becomes easier to determine the positions of the base film and the base iron, so the Fe spectrum was also measured.
- x (N + M / 2) The position on the most ground iron side among the positions where the Mg spectrum is convex upward and the slope is 0.
- x (Sr (C)) The position showing the maximum Sr concentration (Sr spectrum intensity) in the region where the insulating coating and the base coating are combined among the positions where the Sr spectrum is convex upward and the slope is 0.
- .. x (Ca (C)) The position showing the maximum Ca concentration (Ca spectrum intensity) in the region where the insulating film and the base film are combined among the positions where the Ca spectrum is convex upward and the slope is 0. .. x (Ba (C)): The position showing the maximum Ba concentration (Ba spectrum intensity) in the region where the insulating film and the base film are combined among the positions where the Ba spectrum is convex upward and the slope is 0. ..
- x (N) The film thickness of the insulating coating is measured by observing the coating cross section with an electron microscope (SEM, TEM, STEM, etc.), and the position of the interface between the insulating coating and the base coating is calculated from the sputtering rate of GDS.
- x (N / 2) Central position of x (0) and x (N).
- x (N + M / 2) The position on the most ground iron side among the positions where the Mg spectrum is convex upward and the slope is 0.
- x (Sr (C)) The position showing the maximum Sr concentration (Sr spectrum intensity) in the region where the insulating coating and the base coating are combined among the positions where the Sr spectrum is convex upward and the slope is 0.
- .. x (Ca (C)) The position showing the maximum Ca concentration (Ca spectrum intensity) in the region where the insulating film and the base film are combined among the positions where the Ca spectrum is convex upward and the slope is 0. .. x (Ba (C)): The position showing the maximum Ba concentration (Ba spectrum intensity) in the region where the insulating film and the base film are combined among the positions where the Ba spectrum is convex upward and the slope is 0. ..
- the method for measuring Mg concentration, Sr concentration, Ca concentration, Ba concentration and peak position is not limited to this GDS, and any measurement method capable of evaluating these is a physical method such as SIMS (Seconary Ion Mass Spectroscopy). It may be an analysis or other chemical analysis.
- SIMS Single Ion Mass Spectroscopy
- the Sr concentration (Sr (C)), Ca concentration (Ca (C)), and Ba concentration (Ba (C)) were compared as spectral intensities.
- the time (seconds) shown in Table 2 corresponds to the distance from the position x (0) in the depth direction (plate thickness direction).
- the thickness of the insulating coating is N
- the thickness of the base coating is M
- the position of the surface of the insulating coating is x (0) from the surface of the insulating coating toward the plate thickness direction
- the insulation The central position of the thickness of the coating film is x (N / 2)
- the position of the interface between the insulating coating and the underlying coating is x (N)
- the central position of the thickness of the underlying coating is x (N + M / 2).
- the maximum Sr concentration, the maximum Ca concentration, and the maximum Ba concentration in the region from the position x (0) to x (N / 2) are Sr (A), Ca (A), Ba (A), and the position x (N), respectively.
- the Sr concentration, the Ca concentration, and the Ba concentration are Sr (B), Ca (B), and Ba (B), respectively.
- the concentration and Ba concentration are Sr (C), Ca (C), and Ba (C), respectively, and the positions of Sr (C), Ca (C), and Ba (C) are x (Sr (C)), respectively.
- x (Ca (C)) and x (Ba (C)) one or more of the following conditions 1, 2, and 3 are satisfied, and Sr (B) ⁇ Sr (A) ⁇ 0, It was found that when Ca (B) ⁇ Ca (A) ⁇ 0 and Ba (B) ⁇ Ba (A) ⁇ 0, excellent adhesion and coating tension were exhibited.
- these have a base film mainly composed of forsterite on the surface, and are colloidal with a metal phosphate on the surface of a finish-annealed grain-oriented electrical steel sheet containing at least one of Sr, Ca and Ba.
- a treatment agent for forming an insulating film containing silica as a main component and substantially free of Sr, Ca and Ba a temperature range of 50 ° C. to 200 ° C. and a dew point (DP (° C.)) of -30 are applied. In an atmosphere of ° C. or higher and -15 ° C.
- the average heating rate (V (° C./s)) is heated at 20 ° C./s or higher and 40 ° C./s or lower, and the baking temperature (T) is 800 ° C. or higher and 1000 ° C. or lower. It was found that when the insulating film was formed by annealing in (° C.)), a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an insulating film having excellent adhesion of the insulating film and having a high film tension of 8.0 MPa or more was obtained. By forming the insulating film as described above, it was possible to obtain a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an insulating film having excellent adhesion of the insulating film and having a high film tension of 8.0 MPa or more.
- the reason why the excellent adhesion of the insulating coating and the sufficient coating tension can be achieved at the same time by the present invention is presumed as follows.
- the Sr, Ca, and Ba contained in the base film do not contain Sr, Ca, and Ba in the insulating film forming treatment agent applied and baked on the base film, or the concentration of Sr, Ca, and Ba is the base film. If the concentration is lower than the concentration in the coating, it diffuses into the insulating coating during the baking process of the insulating coating. As a result, a concentration gradient of Sr, Ca, and Ba is generated from the interface between the base film and the insulating film to the surface of the insulating film.
- This concentration gradient causes a decrease (inclination) in the coefficient of thermal expansion from the surface of the insulating film to the interface between the base film and the insulating film, and suppresses peeling of the insulating film due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion that occurs near the interface between the base film and the insulating film. It is thought that.
- the average temperature rise rate (V (° C / s)) is 20 ° C / s or more in an atmosphere where the temperature range from 50 ° C to 200 ° C is the dew point (DP (° C)) of -30 ° C or more and -15 ° C or less. It is necessary to heat at 40 ° C./s or less and bake at a baking temperature (T (° C.)) of 800 ° C. or higher and 1000 ° C. or lower to form an insulating film in the temperature range of 50 ° C. to 200 ° C. By heating at a rate V and baking at the baking temperature T, a sufficient coating tension is obtained, and the temperature range of 50 ° C. to 200 ° C. is heated at the average heating rate V under the dew point DP (° C.) atmosphere. Therefore, it is considered that the amount of diffusion of Sr, Ca and Ba is appropriate so that a thermal expansion coefficient sufficient for adhesion can be obtained.
- C 0.001 to 0.10%
- C is a component useful for the generation of Goth-oriented crystal grains, and in order to effectively exert such an action, it is preferable to contain C in an amount of 0.001% or more.
- the C content is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 0.10%.
- Si 1.0-5.0%
- Si is a component necessary for increasing electrical resistance to reduce iron loss, stabilizing the BCC structure of iron and enabling high-temperature heat treatment, and the Si content is 1.0% or more. Is preferable. On the other hand, if the Si content exceeds 5.0%, normal cold rolling may be difficult. Therefore, the Si content is preferably in the range of 1.0 to 5.0%. The Si content is more preferably 2.0 to 5.0%.
- Mn 0.01-1.0% Mn not only effectively contributes to the improvement of hot brittleness of steel, but also functions as an inhibitor of crystal grain growth by forming precipitates such as MnS and MnSe when S and Se are mixed. Demonstrate.
- the Mn content is preferably 0.01% or more.
- the Mn content is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 1.0%.
- Al 0.003 to 0.050% sol.
- Al is a useful component that forms AlN in steel and acts as an inhibitor as the second dispersion phase. It is preferably contained in an amount of 0.003% or more as Al.
- the Al content is sol. If it exceeds 0.050% as Al, AlN may be coarsely precipitated and the action as an inhibitor may be lost. Therefore, the Al content is sol.
- the range of Al is preferably 0.003 to 0.050%.
- N 0.001 to 0.020% Since N is also a component necessary for forming AlN like Al, it is preferably contained in an amount of 0.001% or more. On the other hand, if N is contained in excess of 0.020%, blisters and the like may occur during slab heating. Therefore, the N content is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 0.020%.
- Total of 1 or 2 selected from S and Se are useful components that combine with Mn and Cu to form MnSe, MnS, Cu 2- xSe and Cu 2- xS and exert an inhibitory action as the second dispersion phase in steel.
- the total content of these S and Se is preferably 0.001% or more.
- the content of S and Se is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 0.05% in total in both cases where one type of S or Se is contained and two types of S and Se are contained.
- the balance other than the above can be a component composition of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- Cu 0.2% or less, Ni: 0.5% or less, Cr: 0.5% or less, Sb: 0.1% or less, Sn: 0.5% or less, Mo: It can contain one or more selected from 0.5% or less and Bi: 0.1% or less.
- Further magnetic improvement is possible by adding an element having an action as an auxiliary inhibitor. Examples of such an element include the above-mentioned elements that are easily segregated at grain boundaries and surfaces.
- Cu 0.01% or more, Ni: 0.01% or more, Cr: 0.01% or more, Sb: 0.01% or more, Sn: 0.01% or more, Mo : 0.01% or more and Bi: 0.001% or more are preferable because useful effects can be obtained. Further, if the upper limit of the content is exceeded, poor appearance of the film and defective secondary recrystallization are likely to occur, so the above range is preferable.
- B 0.01% or less
- Ge 0.1% or less
- P 0.1% or less
- Te 0.1% or less
- Nb It can contain one or more selected from 0.1% or less
- Ti 0.1% or less
- V 0.1% or less.
- the lower limit of these elements is not particularly limited, but in order to obtain a useful effect with each component, B: 0.001% or more, Ge: 0.001% or more, As: 0.005% or more. , P: 0.005% or more, Te: 0.005% or more, Nb: 0.005% or more, Ti: 0.005% or more, V: 0.005% or more.
- a steel having the component composition described above is melted by a conventionally known refining process and used as a steel material (steel slab) by a continuous casting method or an ingot-bulk rolling method. After that, it is hot-rolled by a known method and cold-rolled once or a plurality of times with intermediate annealing to finish the final plate thickness, then subjected to decarburization annealing (primary recrystallization annealing), and then an annealing separator is applied.
- decarburization annealing primary recrystallization annealing
- This ceramic undercoat is composed of composite oxides such as forsterite (Mg 2 SiO 4 ), spinel (Mg Al 2 O 4 ), and cordierite (Mg 2 Al 4 Si 5 O 16). It is mainly composed of forsterite.
- mainly forsterite means that the ratio of forsterite in the undercoat is 50% or more in terms of area ratio.
- the method for confirming the ratio of forsterite is that when the particle size observation surface of the base film is mapped for Mg, Mn, Si, Al, and O by SEM-EDS (scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), Mg is used. The region where Si and O are detected at the same time (Al and Mn may also be detected) is determined as “forsterite", and when the area ratio of this region is 50% or more, "forsterite is the main component". I will do it. " The content (area ratio), form, etc. of spinel, cordierite, etc., which are not judged to be forsterite, are not particularly specified.
- an annealing separator containing at least one of Sr, Ca, and Ba is used as the annealing separator, and by applying this annealing separator and then performing finish annealing, Sr, Ca, and Ba are performed.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a base film containing at least one of the above can be produced.
- an annealing separator containing at least one of Sr salt, Ca salt and Ba salt is preferable.
- the Sr salt include sulfuric acid Sr, sulfide Sr, hydroxide Sr and the like.
- Ca salt Ca sulfate, Ca oxide and the like can be mentioned.
- Ba salt sulfuric acid Ba, nitric acid Ba and the like can be mentioned.
- the content of at least one of Sr, Ca, and Ba in the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a base film is 0.0001 parts by mass or more in total of Sr, Ca, and Ba in 100 parts by mass of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a base film. It is preferably 0.07 parts by mass or less.
- the content of at least one of Sr, Ca and Ba is in the above range, the amount of diffusion and concentration distribution of Sr, Ca and Ba into the insulating coating are appropriate in order to obtain excellent coating tension and adhesion. Therefore, it becomes easy to obtain a coating structure having an appropriate inclination of a coefficient of thermal expansion that achieves excellent coating tension and adhesion.
- the content of Sr, Ca, and Ba in the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an undercoat can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of Sr, Ca, and Ba blended in the annealing separator. Further, the contents of Sr, Ca and Ba in the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an undercoat can be measured by, for example, ICP emission spectroscopic analysis.
- the insulating film formed on the surface of the above-mentioned grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an undercoat is mainly composed of silicate glass formed of a metal phosphate and colloidal silica.
- the fact that the silicate glass is the main component means that the content of the silicate glass in the insulating film is 50% by mass or more.
- the insulating coating of the present invention is preferably chromium-free (substantially free of Cr).
- Cr is substantially not contained means that Cr is not contained except when Cr is unavoidably contained in the insulating film.
- any one or more of Sr, Ca, and Ba has a concentration distribution as described later in the combined coating of the insulating coating and the base coating.
- the insulating film forming treatment agent for forming the insulating film contains a metal phosphate and colloidal silica as main components.
- the inclusion of the metal phosphate and the colloidal silica as the main components means the total content of the metal phosphate and the colloidal silica in all the components contained in the insulating film forming treatment agent in terms of solid content. Means that is 50% by mass or more.
- the Sr, Ca, and Ba concentrations in the insulating film forming treatment agent are such that the Sr, Ca, and Ba contained in the base film can be diffused into the insulating film during baking of the insulating film.
- the insulating film forming treatment agent preferably contains substantially no Sr, Ca, or Ba.
- a treatment agent for forming an insulating film that does not substantially contain Sr, Ca, and Ba, it becomes easy to form a film having a predetermined Sr, Ca, and Ba concentration distribution after the insulating film is baked.
- Sr, Ca and Ba are not substantially contained means that Sr, Ca and Ba are not intentionally added to the treatment agent.
- the metal is not limited to Mg and Al, but is a metal such as Zn, Mn, Fe, and Ni. It doesn't matter. However, Sr, Ca and Ba are excluded from the metal. Further, these metal phosphate salts may be a mixture of one kind or two or more kinds of metals. Further, as the insulating film forming treatment agent for forming the insulating film, in addition to the metal phosphate and the colloidal silica described later, those that keep the insulating film amorphous, such as chromic acid and TiO 2 , are used. May be included.
- the colloidal silica is preferably blended in an amount of 50 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less in terms of SiO 2 solid content with respect to 100 parts by mass of the metal phosphate in terms of solid content. In particular, it is preferable that 120 parts by mass or more of colloidal silica is blended with respect to 100 parts by mass of the metal phosphate salt in terms of SiO 2 solid content.
- the film adhesion may be deteriorated.
- colloidal silica having 120 parts by mass or more in terms of SiO 2 solid content with respect to 100 parts by mass of the metal phosphate salt. Can be blended, and the film adhesion can be improved while ensuring a more excellent film tension.
- a water-soluble metal salt or metal oxide may be added as other additives to the insulating film forming treatment agent.
- the water-soluble metal salt Mg nitrate, Mn sulfate, Zn oxalic acid, or the like may be used.
- the metal oxide SnO 2 sol, Fe 2 O 3 sol, or the like may be used. However, Sr, Ca and Ba are excluded from these metals.
- the treatment agent for forming an insulating film of the present invention can be produced by known conditions and methods.
- the treatment agent for forming an insulating film of the present invention can be produced by mixing each of the above-mentioned components with water or the like as a solvent.
- the solvent may contain Sr, Ca, and Ba as long as the concentration of Sr, Ca, and Ba in the base film can be diffused into the insulating film during baking of the insulating film.
- Sr, Ca, and Ba as long as the concentration of Sr, Ca, and Ba in the base film can be diffused into the insulating film during baking of the insulating film.
- Ca may be contained in the water, but the above concentration is acceptable.
- water it is preferable to use ion-exchanged water from the viewpoint of facilitating the formation of a film having a predetermined concentration distribution.
- the manufacturing method of the insulating film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it can be formed by applying a treatment agent for forming an insulating film to the surface of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a base film and then performing a predetermined baking.
- the method of applying the insulating film forming treatment agent on the surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a base film is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method can be used.
- the insulating film forming treatment agent is preferably applied to both sides of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a base film, and after baking (optionally drying after application, and if dried, after drying and baking). ) Is more preferably applied so that the total weight on both sides is 4 to 15 g / m 2. This is because if this amount is too small, the interlayer resistance may decrease, and if it is too large, the space factor may decrease significantly.
- the baking time at the baking temperature is preferably 10 to 300 seconds. If the baking temperature is too low, flattening may be insufficient, the yield may decrease due to poor shape, or sufficient film tension may not be obtained. On the other hand, if the baking temperature is too high, the effect of flattening annealing may be too strong and creep deformation may occur, and the magnetic characteristics may be easily deteriorated. Under the above baking temperature conditions, the effect of flattening annealing becomes sufficient and appropriate.
- the baking temperature is particularly preferably 850 ° C. or higher.
- the baking time is more preferably 60 seconds or less. This is because the amount of diffusion of Sr, Ca, and Ba into the insulating film is appropriate for obtaining excellent film tension and film adhesion, and the coefficient of thermal expansion is appropriate for achieving excellent film tension and film adhesion. This is because it becomes easy to obtain a coating structure having an inclination.
- the average heating rate V (° C./s) in the temperature range of 50 ° C. to 200 ° C. is set to 20 ° C./s or more and 40 ° C./s or less (20 ⁇ V). It is preferable that (° C./s) ⁇ 40).
- the average rate of temperature rise in the temperature range from 50 ° C. to 200 ° C. is within this upper and lower limit, the amount of diffusion and concentration distribution of Sr, Ca, and Ba into the insulating coating are excellent in order to obtain coating tension and coating adhesion. It is preferable because it has a coating structure having an appropriate inclination of a coefficient of thermal expansion that achieves excellent coating tension and coating adhesion.
- the dew point DP (° C.) of the atmosphere (atmosphere in the furnace) in the temperature range from 50 ° C. to 200 ° C. is ⁇ 30 ° C. or higher and ⁇ 15 ° C. or lower (-30 ⁇ DP (° C.) ⁇ -15). ..
- the drying rate of the insulating coating is controlled, and the amount of diffusion of Sr, Ca, and Ba into the insulating coating and the concentration distribution are excellent.
- the coating structure has an appropriate slope of the coefficient of thermal expansion to achieve excellent coating tension and coating adhesion, which is appropriate for obtaining tension and coating adhesion.
- the conditions from over 200 ° C. to the baking temperature are not particularly limited.
- the thickness of the insulating coating film is N
- the thickness of the underlying coating film is M
- the plate thickness is from the surface of the insulating coating film.
- the position of the surface (outermost surface) of the insulating film is x (0)
- the position of the center of the thickness of the insulating film is x (N / 2)
- the position of the interface between the insulating film and the underlying film is x (N / 2)
- Is x (N) the central position of the thickness of the base film is x (N + M / 2), and the maximum Sr concentration, the maximum Ca concentration, and the maximum in the region from the position x (0) to x (N / 2).
- the Ba concentration is Sr (A), Ca (A), Ba (A), and the Sr concentration, Ca concentration, and Ba concentration at the position x (N) are Sr (B), Ca (B), and Ba (B), respectively.
- the Sr (C), Ca (C), and Ba (C) concentrations are set to Sr (C), Ca (C), and Ba (C), which are the maximum in the region having the total thickness of the insulating film and the base film, respectively.
- Ca (C), and Ba (C) are x (Sr (C)), x (Ca (C)), and x (Ba (C)), respectively.
- Sr (B) Satisfy one or more of conditions 3 and satisfy Sr (B) ⁇ Sr (A) ⁇ 0, Ca (B) ⁇ Ca (A) ⁇ 0, and Ba (B) ⁇ Ba (A) ⁇ 0.
- condition 1 condition 2, and condition 3
- condition 1 it is preferable to satisfy condition 1.
- condition 2 and condition 3 it is preferable to satisfy one or more of condition 1, condition 2 and condition 3.
- the concentration distribution of Sr, Ca, and Ba in the insulating coating and the base coating of the present invention is an element distribution in the film thickness direction perpendicular to the coating surface, and is measured by GDS.
- the position of the surface of the insulating film is set to x (0), and the position of the interface between the insulating film and the base film is set from the surface of the insulating film toward the plate thickness direction.
- (X (N)) the center position of the thickness of the insulating film (x (N / 2)), the center position of the thickness of the base film (x (N + M / 2)), Sr, Ca, Ba are the insulating film.
- Positions x (Sr (C)), x (Ca (C)), x (Ba (C)) showing the maximum concentration (concentration gradient in the film thickness direction is 0) in the region of the combined thickness of the base film are set. decided.
- the Sr concentration (Sr (C)), Ca concentration (Ca (C)), and Ba concentration (Ba (C)) were compared as spectral intensities, respectively.
- the positions of Sr (C)), x (Ca (C)), and x (Ba (C)) are determined as follows.
- the insulating film and the base film in this example contain Mg, and the levels of the amount of Mg in the insulating film and the base film are different. Therefore, the following is used.
- x (0) Insulation coating surface (0 second position in GDS spectrum)
- x (N) A position where the Mg spectrum is convex downward and the slope is 0.
- x (N / 2) Center (N / 2) position of x (0) and x (N).
- x (N + M / 2) The position on the most ground iron side among the positions where the Mg spectrum is convex upward and the slope is 0.
- x (Sr (C)) The position showing the maximum Sr concentration (Sr spectrum intensity) in the region where the insulating coating and the base coating are combined among the positions where the Sr spectrum is convex upward and the slope is 0. .. x (Ca (C)): The position showing the maximum Ca concentration (Ca spectrum intensity) in the region where the insulating film and the base film are combined among the positions where the Ca spectrum is convex upward and the slope is 0. .. x (Ba (C)): The position showing the maximum Ba concentration (Ba spectrum intensity) in the region where the insulating film and the base film are combined among the positions where the Ba spectrum is convex upward and the slope is 0. .. In the table, the description of x (N) was omitted, and x (N / 2) and x (N + M / 2) were described.
- Example 1 By mass%, Si: 3.3%, C: 0.06%, Mn: 0.05%, S: 0.01%, sol.
- a silicon steel plate slab containing Al: 0.02% and N: 0.01% was heated at 1150 ° C. for 20 minutes and then hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled plate having a plate thickness of 2.2 mm.
- the hot-rolled plate was annealed at 1000 ° C. for 1 minute and then cold-rolled to obtain a cold-rolled plate having a final plate thickness of 0.23 mm. Subsequently, the temperature was raised from room temperature to 820 ° C. at a heating rate of 50 ° C./s, and decarburization annealing was performed at 820 ° C. for 80 seconds in a moist atmosphere (50 vol% H 2 , 50 vol% N 2, dew point 60 ° C.). ..
- the obtained cold rolled sheet after decarburization annealing was annealed by mixing 5 parts by mass of TiO 2 , 5 parts by mass of SrSO 4 , and 0.5 parts by mass of CaSO 4 with 100 parts by mass of MgO.
- the separating agent was made into a water slurry, then applied and dried.
- This steel sheet is heated between 300 ° C. and 800 ° C. for 100 hours, then heated to 1200 ° C. at 50 ° C./hr, and annealed at 1200 ° C. for 5 hours.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a base film (oriented electrical steel sheet D with a base film) containing 0.0043 parts by mass of Sr and Ca in 100 parts by mass of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a base film is obtained. rice field.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet D with a base film obtained above is lightly pickled with 5% by mass phosphoric acid, and then the above-mentioned insulating film forming treatment agent A or B is baked on both sides in a total amount after baking.
- the relative steel sheet an insulating film-forming treatment agent was applied, flattening annealing and heat treatment tension coating (baking temperature T: 850 ° C., baking time at baking temperatures T: 60 seconds, N 2 atmosphere) was subjected to ..
- the average temperature rise rate V in the temperature range from 50 ° C. to 200 ° C. was 25 ° C./s
- the dew point DP of the furnace from 50 ° C. to 200 ° C. was ⁇ 25 ° C.
- the film structure, adhesion of the insulating film, and tension applied to the steel sheet (coating tension) of the directional electromagnetic steel sheet sample with an insulating film thus obtained were investigated.
- the evaluation results are also shown in Table 3. Further, in FIG. 1, No. 1 in Table 3 is shown.
- the measurement result of the concentration distribution of Sr and Ca of the sample of 2-1 is shown. (Since the sample of No. 2-1 does not contain Ba, the description of the measurement result of the concentration distribution of Ba is omitted in FIG. do).
- the time (seconds) shown in Table 3 and FIG. 1 corresponds to the distance from the position x (0) in the depth direction (plate thickness direction).
- Ba concentration (Ba (B)) and maximum in the region of the combined thickness of the insulating film and the base film.
- Example 2 As the annealing separator, except that an annealing separator in which 5 parts by mass of TiO 2 , 5 parts by mass of SrSO 4 and 0.3 parts by mass of CaSO 4 were mixed with 100 parts by mass of MgO was used. , A directional electromagnetic steel plate with a base film (directional electromagnetic steel plate E with a base film) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet E with a base film contained 0.0041 parts by mass in total of Sr and Ca in 100 parts by mass of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a base film.
- the directional electromagnetic steel plate E with a base film obtained above is lightly pickled with 5% by mass phosphoric acid, and then the following insulating film forming treatment agents F to I are baked on both sides in total. Apply so that the amount is 8 g / m 2, and set the average temperature rise rate V in the temperature range from 50 ° C to 200 ° C to 25 ° C / s and the dew point DP of the furnace from 50 ° C to 200 ° C to -25 ° C. heating, at a baking temperature T of 850 ° C., 30 seconds, subjected to baking in an N 2 atmosphere.
- Colloidal silica (SiO 2 solid content equivalent) having a blending ratio shown in Table 4 with respect to 100 parts by mass (solid content equivalent) of the metal phosphate shown in Table 4.
- a treatment agent containing 25 parts by mass of CrO 3 and substantially free of Sr, Ca and Ba.
- the film structure, adhesion of the insulating film, and tension applied to the steel sheet (coating tension) of the directional electromagnetic steel sheet sample with an insulating film thus obtained were investigated.
- the evaluation results are also shown in Table 4.
- the time (seconds) shown in Table 4 corresponds to the distance from the position x (0) in the depth direction (plate thickness direction).
- a treatment agent for forming an insulating film was used in which colloidal silica was added in an amount of 50 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less in terms of SiO 2 solid content with respect to 100 parts by mass of a metal phosphate in terms of solid content.
- the number of peels was 1 or less, showing good film adhesion, and showing a high film tension of 8.0 MPa or more.
- an insulating film is formed by using a treatment agent for forming an insulating film in which colloidal silica is added in an amount of 120 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less in terms of SiO 2 solid content with respect to 100 parts by mass of a metal phosphate in terms of solid content.
- No. 3-2, No. In 3-3 a higher coating tension of 8.5 MPa or more was exhibited.
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Abstract
Description
[1]方向性電磁鋼板の表面にフォルステライトを主体とする下地被膜を有し、前記下地被膜の表面に珪リン酸塩ガラスを主成分とする絶縁被膜が形成されてなる絶縁被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板であって、
前記絶縁被膜の厚みをN、前記下地被膜の厚みをMとし、
前記絶縁被膜の表面から板厚方向に向かって、前記絶縁被膜の表面の位置をx(0)、前記絶縁被膜の厚みの中央の位置をx(N/2)、前記絶縁被膜と前記下地被膜の界面の位置をx(N)、前記下地被膜の厚みの中央の位置をx(N+M/2)とし、
前記位置x(0)からx(N/2)までの領域における最大Sr濃度、最大Ca濃度、最大Ba濃度をそれぞれSr(A)、Ca(A)、Ba(A)、
前記位置x(N)におけるSr濃度、Ca濃度、Ba濃度をそれぞれSr(B)、Ca(B)、Ba(B)、
前記絶縁被膜と前記下地被膜を合わせた厚みの領域の中で最大となるSr濃度、Ca濃度、Ba濃度をそれぞれSr(C)、Ca(C)、Ba(C)とし、前記Sr(C)、Ca(C)、Ba(C)となる位置をそれぞれx(Sr(C))、x(Ca(C))、x(Ba(C))としたとき、
以下の条件1、条件2、条件3の1つ以上を満たし、かつ、Sr(B)≧Sr(A)≧0、Ca(B)≧Ca(A)≧0およびBa(B)≧Ba(A)≧0を満たす、絶縁被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板。
[条件1]
x(N/2)<x(Sr(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Sr(C)>Sr(B)
[条件2]
x(N/2)<x(Ca(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Ca(C)>Ca(B)
[条件3]
x(N/2)<x(Ba(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Ba(C)>Ba(B)
[2]前記[1]に記載の絶縁被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法であって、
表面にフォルステライトを主体とする下地被膜を有し、前記下地被膜中にSr、Ca、Baのうち1種以上を含む仕上げ焼鈍済みの方向性電磁鋼板の表面に、
リン酸金属塩とコロイド状シリカを主成分として含有し、Sr、CaおよびBaを実質的に含有しない絶縁被膜形成用処理剤を塗布した後、
50℃から200℃までの温度範囲を、露点を-30℃以上-15℃以下とした雰囲気下で、平均昇温速度を20℃/s以上40℃/s以下で加熱し、800℃以上1000℃以下の焼付温度で焼き付けて、前記下地被膜の表面に絶縁被膜を形成する、絶縁被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
[3]前記絶縁被膜形成用処理剤は、固形分換算でリン酸金属塩100質量部に対して、コロイド状シリカをSiO2固形分換算で50~200質量部含有する、[2]に記載の絶縁被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
質量%で、Si:3.3%、C:0.06%、Mn:0.05%、S:0.01%、sol.Al:0.02%、N:0.01%を含有する珪素鋼板スラブを1150℃に加熱後、熱間圧延して2.2mmの板厚の熱延板とした。前記熱延板に、1000℃、1分間の焼鈍を施した後、冷間圧延により0.23mmの最終板厚の冷延板とした。引き続いて室温から820℃まで加熱速度50℃/sにて昇温し、湿潤雰囲気(50vol%H2、50vol%N2、露点60℃)下で820℃、80秒の脱炭焼鈍をおこなった。
(絶縁被膜形成用処理剤B)固形分換算で第一リン酸マグネシウム100質量部に対して、SiO2固形分換算で80質量部のコロイド状シリカと、50質量部の硝酸Mgとを配合した処理剤。
(絶縁被膜形成用処理剤C)固形分換算で第一リン酸マグネシウム100質量部に対して、SiO2固形分換算で80質量部のコロイド状シリカと、50質量部の硝酸Mgと、17質量部の炭酸Srを配合した処理剤。
(絶縁被膜形成用処理剤D)固形分換算で第一リン酸マグネシウム100質量部に対して、SiO2固形分換算で80質量部のコロイド状シリカと、50質量部の硝酸Mgと、15質量部のクエン酸Caを配合した処理剤。
(絶縁被膜形成用処理剤E)固形分換算で第一リン酸マグネシウム100質量部に対して、SiO2固形分換算で80質量部のコロイド状シリカと、50質量部の硝酸Mgと、17質量部の硝酸Baを配合した処理剤。
鋼板への付与張力[MPa]=鋼板ヤング率[GPa]×板厚[mm]×そり量[mm]÷(測定長さ[mm])2×103 ・・・式(I)
ただし、鋼板ヤング率は、132GPaとした。
被膜張力が8.0MPa以上の場合に良好である(被膜張力に優れる)と判断した。
x(N):Mgスペクトルが下に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置。
x(N/2):x(0)とx(N)の中央位置。
x(N+M/2):Mgスペクトルが上に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置のうち最も地鉄側の位置。
x(Sr(C)):Srスペクトルが上に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置のうち絶縁被膜と下地被膜を合わせた領域の中で最大となるSr濃度(Srスペクトル強度)を示した位置。
x(Ca(C)):Caスペクトルが上に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置のうち絶縁被膜と下地被膜を合わせた領域の中で最大となるCa濃度(Caスペクトル強度)を示した位置。
x(Ba(C)):Baスペクトルが上に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置のうち絶縁被膜と下地被膜を合わせた領域の中で最大となるBa濃度(Baスペクトル強度)を示した位置。
x(N):被膜断面を電子顕微鏡(SEMやTEM、STEMなど)により観察することで絶縁被膜の膜厚を測定し、GDSのスパッタ速度から絶縁被膜と下地被膜の界面の位置を算出。
x(N/2):x(0)とx(N)の中央位置。
x(N+M/2):Mgスペクトルが上に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置のうち最も地鉄側の位置。
x(Sr(C)):Srスペクトルが上に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置のうち絶縁被膜と下地被膜を合わせた領域の中で最大となるSr濃度(Srスペクトル強度)を示した位置。
x(Ca(C)):Caスペクトルが上に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置のうち絶縁被膜と下地被膜を合わせた領域の中で最大となるCa濃度(Caスペクトル強度)を示した位置。
x(Ba(C)):Baスペクトルが上に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置のうち絶縁被膜と下地被膜を合わせた領域の中で最大となるBa濃度(Baスペクトル強度)を示した位置。
なお、表2中に示す時間(秒)は、位置x(0)からの深さ方向(板厚方向)への距離に対応する。
[条件1]
x(N/2)<x(Sr(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Sr(C)>Sr(B)
[条件2]
x(N/2)<x(Ca(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Ca(C)>Ca(B)
[条件3]
x(N/2)<x(Ba(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Ba(C)>Ba(B)
まず、好ましい鋼の成分組成について説明する。以下、特に断らない限り、各元素の含有量の単位である「%」は「質量%」を意味する。
Cは、ゴス方位結晶粒の発生に有用な成分であり、かかる作用を有効に発揮させるためには、Cを0.001%以上含有させることが好ましい。一方、C含有量が0.10%を超えると脱炭焼鈍によっても脱炭不良を起こす場合がある。したがって、C含有量は0.001~0.10%の範囲が好ましい。
Siは、電気抵抗を高めて鉄損を低下させるとともに、鉄のBCC組織を安定化させて高温の熱処理を可能とするために必要な成分であり、Si含有量は1.0%以上とすることが好ましい。一方、Si含有量が5.0%を超えると通常の冷間圧延が困難となる場合がある。したがって、Si含有量は1.0~5.0%の範囲が好ましい。Si含有量は2.0~5.0%がより好ましい。
Mnは、鋼の熱間脆性の改善に有効に寄与するだけでなく、SやSeが混在している場合には、MnSやMnSe等の析出物を形成し結晶粒成長の抑制剤としての機能を発揮する。かかる機能を有効に発揮するためには、Mnの含有量を0.01%以上とすることが好ましい。一方、Mn含有量が1.0%を超えるとMnSe等の析出物の粒径が粗大化してインヒビターとしての効果が失われる場合がある。したがって、Mn含有量は0.01~1.0%の範囲が好ましい。
sol.Alは、鋼中でAlNを形成して分散第二相としてインヒビターの作用をする有用成分であるので、Alをsol.Alとして0.003%以上含有することが好ましい。一方、Al含有量がsol.Alとして0.050%を超えるとAlNが粗大に析出してインヒビターとしての作用が失われる場合がある。したがって、Al含有量はsol.Alとして0.003~0.050%の範囲が好ましい。
NもAlと同様にAlNを形成するために必要な成分であるので、0.001%以上含有することが好ましい。一方、0.020%を超えてNを含有するとスラブ加熱時にふくれ等を生じる場合がある。したがって、N含有量は0.001~0.020%の範囲が好ましい。
S、Seは、MnやCuと結合してMnSe、MnS、Cu2-xSe、Cu2-xSを形成し鋼中の分散第二相としてインヒビターの作用を発揮する有用成分である。有用な添加効果を得るためには、これらS、Seの合計の含有量を0.001%以上とすることが好ましい。一方、S、Seの合計の含有量が0.05%を超える場合はスラブ加熱時の固溶が不完全となるだけでなく、製品表面の欠陥の原因ともなる場合がある。したがって、S、Seの含有量は、SまたはSeの1種を含有する場合、SとSeの2種を含有する場合のいずれも合計で0.001~0.05%の範囲が好ましい。
上記に説明した成分組成を有する鋼を、従来公知の精錬プロセスで溶製し、連続鋳造法または造塊-分塊圧延法を用いて鋼素材(鋼スラブ)とする。その後、公知の方法で熱間圧延し、1回もしくは中間焼鈍を挟む複数回の冷間圧延により最終板厚に仕上げたのち、脱炭焼鈍(一次再結晶焼鈍)を施し、ついで焼鈍分離剤を塗布してから仕上げ焼鈍を行うことによって、表面にセラミックス質の下地被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板が製造される。このセラミックス質の下地被膜は、例えばフォルステライト(Mg2SiO4)、スピネル(MgAl2O4)、コーディエライト(Mg2Al4Si5O16)などの複合酸化物によって構成されており、フォルステライトを主体とするものである。
上述の下地被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板の表面に形成される絶縁被膜は、リン酸金属塩とコロイド状シリカから形成される珪リン酸塩ガラスを主成分とする。ここで、珪リン酸塩ガラスを主成分とするとは、絶縁被膜中における珪リン酸塩ガラスの含有量が50質量%以上であることを意味する。また、本発明の絶縁被膜は、クロムフリーである(Crを実質的に含有しない)ことが好ましい。ここで、Crを実質的に含有しないとは、絶縁被膜中にCrが不可避的に含まれる場合以外にはCrが含まれないことを意味する。なお、本発明においては、上記絶縁被膜と下地被膜を合わせた被膜中において、Sr、Ca、Baのいずれか1種以上が後述するような濃度分布を有する。
上記絶縁被膜を形成するための絶縁被膜形成用処理剤は、リン酸金属塩とコロイド状シリカを主成分として含有する。ここで、リン酸金属塩とコロイド状シリカを主成分として含有するとは、固形分換算で、絶縁被膜形成用処理剤に含まれる全成分中におけるリン酸金属塩とコロイド状シリカの含有量の合計が50質量%以上であることを意味する。また、絶縁被膜形成用処理剤中のSr、Ca、Ba濃度は、下地被膜中に含まれるSr、Ca、Baが絶縁被膜の焼付中に絶縁被膜中に拡散できる濃度とする。絶縁被膜形成用処理剤は、Sr、Ca、Baを実質的に含有しないことが好ましい。Sr、Ca、Baを実質的に含有しない絶縁被膜形成用処理剤を用いることで、絶縁被膜の焼付後に、所定のSr、Ca、Ba濃度分布を有する被膜を形成しやすくなる。なお、Sr、Ca、Baを実質的に含有しないとは、前記処理剤にSr、Ca、Baを意図的に添加しないことを意味する。
本発明の絶縁被膜は、製造方法は特に限定するものではないが、下地被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板の表面に、絶縁被膜形成用処理剤を塗布した後、所定の焼き付けを行うことで形成できる。
絶縁被膜形成用処理剤を下地被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板の表面上に塗布する方法としては、特に限定されず、従来公知の方法を用いることができる。絶縁被膜形成用処理剤は、下地被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板の両面に塗布するのが好ましく、焼付後(塗布後に任意で乾燥を行ってもよく、乾燥を行った場合には、乾燥および焼付後)の目付量が両面合計で4~15g/m2となるように塗布することがより好ましい。この量が少なすぎると層間抵抗が低下する場合があり、多すぎると占積率の低下が大きくなる場合があるからである。
次に、絶縁被膜形成用処理剤を塗布し任意で乾燥した方向性電磁鋼板について、焼付を施し、これにより、絶縁被膜を形成する。
本発明の被膜(絶縁被膜と下地被膜を合わせた被膜)中におけるSr、Ca、Baの濃度分布は、絶縁被膜の厚みをN、下地被膜の厚みをMとし、前記絶縁被膜の表面から板厚方向に向かって、前記絶縁被膜の表面(最表面)の位置をx(0)、前記絶縁被膜の厚みの中央の位置をx(N/2)、前記絶縁被膜と前記下地被膜の界面の位置をx(N)、前記下地被膜の厚みの中央の位置をx(N+M/2)とし、前記位置x(0)からx(N/2)までの領域における最大Sr濃度、最大Ca濃度、最大Ba濃度をそれぞれSr(A)、Ca(A)、Ba(A)、前記位置x(N)におけるSr濃度、Ca濃度、Ba濃度をそれぞれSr(B)、Ca(B)、Ba(B)、前記絶縁被膜と前記下地被膜を合わせた厚みの領域の中で最大となるSr濃度、Ca濃度、Ba濃度をそれぞれSr(C)、Ca(C)、Ba(C)とし、前記Sr(C)、Ca(C)、Ba(C)となる位置をそれぞれx(Sr(C))、x(Ca(C))、x(Ba(C))、としたとき、以下の条件1、条件2、条件3の1つ以上を満たし、かつ、Sr(B)≧Sr(A)≧0、Ca(B)≧Ca(A)≧0およびBa(B)≧Ba(A)≧0を満たすことで、高い被膜張力を確保したまま、優れた被膜密着性が得られる。なお、条件1、条件2、条件3のうち、条件1を満たすことが好ましい。また、条件1と、条件2、条件3の1つ以上を満たすことがより好ましい。
x(N/2)<x(Sr(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Sr(C)>Sr(B)
[条件2]
x(N/2)<x(Ca(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Ca(C)>Ca(B)
[条件3]
x(N/2)<x(Ba(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Ba(C)>Ba(B)
x(0):絶縁被膜表面(GDSスペクトルの0秒の位置)
x(N):Mgスペクトルが下に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置。
x(N/2):x(0)とx(N)の中央(N/2)位置。
x(N+M/2):Mgスペクトルが上に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置のうち最も地鉄側の位置。
x(Sr(C)):Srスペクトルが上に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置のうち絶縁被膜と下地被膜を合わせた領域の中で最大となるSr濃度(Srスペクトル強度)を示した位置。
x(Ca(C)):Caスペクトルが上に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置のうち絶縁被膜と下地被膜を合わせた領域の中で最大となるCa濃度(Caスペクトル強度)を示した位置。
x(Ba(C)):Baスペクトルが上に凸で、傾きが0を示す位置のうち絶縁被膜と下地被膜を合わせた領域の中で最大となるBa濃度(Baスペクトル強度)を示した位置。
なお、表中には、x(N)の記載は省略し、x(N/2)、x(N+M/2)を記載した。
質量%で、Si:3.3%、C:0.06%、Mn:0.05%、S:0.01%、sol.Al:0.02%、N:0.01%を含有する珪素鋼板スラブを1150℃、20分加熱後、熱間圧延して2.2mmの板厚の熱延板とした。前記熱延板に、1000℃、1分間の焼鈍を施した後、冷間圧延により0.23mmの最終板厚の冷延板とした。引き続いて室温から820℃まで加熱速度50℃/sにて昇温し、湿潤雰囲気(50vol%H2、50vol%N2、露点60℃)下で820℃、80秒の脱炭焼鈍をおこなった。
[条件1]
x(N/2)<x(Sr(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Sr(C)>Sr(B)
[条件2]
x(N/2)<x(Ca(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Ca(C)>Ca(B)
[条件3]
x(N/2)<x(Ba(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Ba(C)>Ba(B)
焼鈍分離剤として、100質量部のMgOに対して、5質量部のTiO2と、5質量部のSrSO4と、0.3質量部のCaSO4を混合した焼鈍分離剤を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、下地被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板(下地被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板E)を準備した。下地被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板Eは、下地被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板100質量部中にSr、Caを合計で0.0041質量部含有していた。
Claims (3)
- 方向性電磁鋼板の表面にフォルステライトを主体とする下地被膜を有し、前記下地被膜の表面に珪リン酸塩ガラスを主成分とする絶縁被膜が形成されてなる絶縁被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板であって、
前記絶縁被膜の厚みをN、前記下地被膜の厚みをMとし、
前記絶縁被膜の表面から板厚方向に向かって、前記絶縁被膜の表面の位置をx(0)、前記絶縁被膜の厚みの中央の位置をx(N/2)、前記絶縁被膜と前記下地被膜の界面の位置をx(N)、前記下地被膜の厚みの中央の位置をx(N+M/2)とし、
前記位置x(0)からx(N/2)までの領域における最大Sr濃度、最大Ca濃度、最大Ba濃度をそれぞれSr(A)、Ca(A)、Ba(A)、
前記位置x(N)におけるSr濃度、Ca濃度、Ba濃度をそれぞれSr(B)、Ca(B)、Ba(B)、
前記絶縁被膜と前記下地被膜を合わせた厚みの領域の中で最大となるSr濃度、Ca濃度、Ba濃度をそれぞれSr(C)、Ca(C)、Ba(C)とし、前記Sr(C)、Ca(C)、Ba(C)となる位置をそれぞれx(Sr(C))、x(Ca(C))、x(Ba(C))としたとき、
以下の条件1、条件2、条件3の1つ以上を満たし、かつ、Sr(B)≧Sr(A)≧0、Ca(B)≧Ca(A)≧0およびBa(B)≧Ba(A)≧0を満たす、絶縁被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板。
[条件1]
x(N/2)<x(Sr(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Sr(C)>Sr(B)
[条件2]
x(N/2)<x(Ca(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Ca(C)>Ca(B)
[条件3]
x(N/2)<x(Ba(C))≦x(N+M/2)、かつ、Ba(C)>Ba(B) - 請求項1に記載の絶縁被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法であって、
表面にフォルステライトを主体とする下地被膜を有し、前記下地被膜中にSr、Ca、Baのうち1種以上を含む仕上げ焼鈍済みの方向性電磁鋼板の表面に、
リン酸金属塩とコロイド状シリカを主成分として含有し、Sr、CaおよびBaを実質的に含有しない絶縁被膜形成用処理剤を塗布した後、
50℃から200℃までの温度範囲を、露点を-30℃以上-15℃以下とした雰囲気下で、平均昇温速度を20℃/s以上40℃/s以下で加熱し、800℃以上1000℃以下の焼付温度で焼き付けて、前記下地被膜の表面に絶縁被膜を形成する、絶縁被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記絶縁被膜形成用処理剤は、固形分換算でリン酸金属塩100質量部に対して、コロイド状シリカをSiO2固形分換算で50~200質量部含有する、請求項2に記載の絶縁被膜付き方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
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