WO2021146873A1 - 电极组件和电池 - Google Patents

电极组件和电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021146873A1
WO2021146873A1 PCT/CN2020/073338 CN2020073338W WO2021146873A1 WO 2021146873 A1 WO2021146873 A1 WO 2021146873A1 CN 2020073338 W CN2020073338 W CN 2020073338W WO 2021146873 A1 WO2021146873 A1 WO 2021146873A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tab
electrode assembly
pole piece
groove
coating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/073338
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郝飞
田姣
许玉江
Original Assignee
宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority to CN202410085415.7A priority Critical patent/CN117895193A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/073338 priority patent/WO2021146873A1/zh
Priority to JP2022501065A priority patent/JP7389218B2/ja
Priority to US17/794,818 priority patent/US20230076412A1/en
Priority to CN202080004750.XA priority patent/CN113330630A/zh
Priority to EP20915754.4A priority patent/EP4080599A4/en
Publication of WO2021146873A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021146873A1/zh
Priority to JP2023195253A priority patent/JP2024020439A/ja

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/562—Terminals characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/564—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to an electrode assembly and a battery with the electrode assembly.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electrode assembly, which includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and an isolation membrane.
  • the polarity of the second pole piece is opposite to the polarity of the first pole piece, and the isolation
  • the membrane is arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly is formed by winding the first pole piece, the isolation film, and the second pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a first tab, a second tab, and a third tab, the first tab is disposed on the first tab, and the second tab and the third tab are disposed ⁇ The second pole piece.
  • the three tabs can be set as two positive tabs and one negative tab, or two negative tabs and one positive tab.
  • the multiple tabs are shunted in parallel to reduce temperature rise of the electrode assembly.
  • the projection of the first lug on the projection surface is located between the projections of the second lug and the third lug to avoid multiple lugs being bent. Interference occurs between the tabs.
  • the first pole piece includes a first coating part and a first empty foil part; the second pole piece includes a second coating part and a second empty foil part; wherein, the The first coating part is formed by coating the first active layer on the surface of the first current collector, and the second coating part is formed by coating the second active layer on the surface of the second current collector.
  • a first groove is formed on the active layer on the first coating part, and the first tab is arranged in the first groove, so that the first tab and the first tab can be electrically connected.
  • the distance between the first groove and the end of the first pole piece is 1/2 to 1/3 of the total length of the first pole piece .
  • the first tab is arranged on the first hollow foil portion.
  • the second coating part is provided with a second groove
  • the second tab is arranged in the second groove, and at least two sides of the second groove contact the Active layer on the second coating part.
  • the third tab is arranged on the second hollow foil part.
  • the second coating part is provided with a third groove, and the third tab is disposed in the third groove.
  • the second empty foil portion includes a first empty foil area and a second empty foil area, the first empty foil area is connected to the first end of the second coating portion, and the The second empty foil area is connected to the second end of the second coating part, and the second tab and the third tab are respectively arranged in the first empty foil area and the second empty foil area.
  • At least one layer of the first pole piece or a layer of the second pole is spaced between the first tab and the third tab. Increasing the distance between the tabs is beneficial to improve the manufacturability of the electrode assembly.
  • the first tab includes a connecting portion and a protruding portion, the connecting portion is connected to the first pole piece, and the protruding portion protrudes from the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a first insulating member that covers the connecting portion, so as to prevent burrs on the connecting portion from damaging the pole piece during the winding process.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a second insulating member; the winding start end of the second pole piece includes a cutting portion; the second insulating member covers the cutting portion.
  • the first tab protrudes from the first end of the electrode assembly, and the second tab and the third tab protrude from the second end of the electrode assembly .
  • the second tab and the third tab are integrally formed, the second tab extends from the first end of the electrode assembly, and the third tab extends from the The second end of the electrode assembly protrudes.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a fourth tab, and the fourth tab is disposed on the first pole piece or the second pole piece along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly, The projection of the fourth tab on the projection surface does not overlap with the projections of the first tab, the second tab, and the third tab.
  • an end of the first tab protruding from the electrode assembly is provided with at least two electrical connection portions, and the at least two electrical connection portions are spaced apart from each other and used to connect to an external circuit.
  • the surface of the first tab or the surface of the third tab is plated with a metal material capable of brazing, so as to improve the performance of the tab including the current-carrying capacity.
  • the metal material capable of brazing is nickel.
  • the material of the first tab or the third tab can be selected from copper, nickel, or copper-plated nickel.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery, the battery includes a casing and an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly is the electrode assembly described in any one of the above, and the casing accommodates the electrode assembly.
  • the battery includes a plurality of electrode terminals arranged on the outer surface of the casing, and each electrode terminal is electrically connected to the first tab, the second tab, and the third tab, respectively.
  • the electrode assembly is provided with a first tab, a second tab, and a third tab, so that the electrode assembly has a multi tab structure, and the multi tabs are used for shunting in parallel to achieve the purpose of improving battery overcurrent capability and reducing temperature rise.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece and the second pole piece of the electrode assembly in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of the electrode assembly in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece and the second pole piece in the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece and the second pole piece in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the third embodiment.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece and the second pole piece in the fourth embodiment.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the fourth embodiment.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece and the second pole piece in the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the fifth embodiment.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece and the second pole piece in the sixth embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the sixth embodiment.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece and the second pole piece in the seventh embodiment.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the seventh embodiment.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece and the second pole piece in the eighth embodiment.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the winding structure of the electrode assembly in the eighth embodiment.
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the second pole piece in the ninth embodiment.
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of the electrode assembly in the ninth embodiment.
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the first pole piece and the second pole piece in the tenth embodiment.
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of the electrode assembly in the eleventh embodiment.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery in the twelfth embodiment.
  • Electrode terminal 202 is Electrode terminal 202
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electrode assembly, which includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and an isolation membrane.
  • the polarity of the second pole piece is opposite to the polarity of the first pole piece, and the isolation
  • the membrane is arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly is formed by winding the first pole piece, the isolation film, and the second pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a first tab, a second tab, and a third tab.
  • the first tab is disposed on the first tab
  • the second tab is disposed on the second tab.
  • the third tab is arranged on the second tab.
  • the projections of the first tab, the second tab, and the third tab do not overlap.
  • the electrode assembly is provided with a first tab, a second tab, and a third tab, so that the electrode assembly has a multi tab structure, and the multi tabs are used for shunting in parallel to achieve the purpose of improving battery overcurrent capability and reducing temperature rise.
  • the electrode assembly 100 includes a first pole piece 10, a second pole piece 20 and an isolation film 30.
  • the polarity of the second pole piece 20 is opposite to the polarity of the first pole piece 10, and the isolation film 30 is disposed between the first pole piece 10 and the second pole piece 20.
  • the electrode assembly 100 is formed by winding the first pole piece 10, the isolation film 30 and the second pole piece 20.
  • the electrode assembly 100 further includes a first tab 40, a second tab 50, and a third tab 60. The first tab 40 is disposed on the first pole piece 10, and the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 are disposed on the second pole piece 20.
  • the projections of the first tab 40, the second tab 50, and the third tab 60 on a projection plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100 Does not overlap.
  • the direction indicated by arrow B in FIG. 2 is the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the projection of the first lug 40 on the projection surface is located between the projections of the second lug 50 and the third lug 60.
  • the three tabs can be configured as two positive tabs and one negative tab, or two negative tabs and one positive tab.
  • the multiple tabs are shunted in parallel to reduce the temperature rise of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the material of the negative electrode ear can be copper, nickel, or copper-nickel-plated material.
  • the first pole piece 10 includes a first coating part 11 and a first empty foil part 12; the second pole piece 20 includes a second coating part 21 and a second empty foil part 22.
  • the first coating portion 11 is formed by coating a first active layer on the surface of a first current collector
  • the second coating portion 21 is formed by coating a second active layer on the surface of a second current collector.
  • the first current collector and the second current collector are metal sheets used to manufacture the first pole piece 10 and the second pole piece 20, respectively.
  • the first empty foil portion 12 is roughly an area where the first active layer is not coated on the first current collector
  • the second empty foil portion 22 is roughly an area where the second active layer is not coated on the second current collector.
  • the first active layer on the first coating portion 11 is provided with a first groove 13, and the first tab 40 is arranged in the first groove 13 to facilitate the first electrode.
  • the ear 40 is electrically connected to the first pole piece 10.
  • the direction indicated by arrow A in FIG. 1 is the length direction of the pole piece, along the length direction of the first pole piece 10, the distance between the first groove 13 and the end of the first pole piece 10 It is 1/2 to 1/3 of the total length of the first pole piece 10, and the first tab 40 protrudes from the long side of the first pole piece 10.
  • the first groove 13 is approximately rectangular, and is opened inwardly from the long side of the first pole piece 10, so that three sides of the first groove 13 contact the first active layer on the first coating portion 11 .
  • the first groove 13 is opened in the middle of the first coating portion 11, and the surroundings of the first groove 13 are in contact with the first active layer; or the first groove 13 is along the arrow A The direction of or the direction of the vertical arrow A penetrates the first coating portion 11, and the opposite sides of the first groove 13 are in contact with the first active layer, and the application is not limited thereto.
  • the second coating portion 21 is provided with a second groove 23, the second tab 50 is disposed in the second groove 23, and the second tab 50 extends from the long side of the second pole piece 20 Extending, at least two sides of the second groove 23 contact the active layer on the second coating portion 21.
  • the second groove 23 is approximately rectangular, and is opened inwardly from the long side of the second pole piece 20, so that three surfaces of the second groove 23 contact the second coating portion 21 on the third surface. Two active layers.
  • the second groove 23 is opened in the middle area of the second coating portion 21, and the periphery of the second groove 23 is in contact with the second active layer; or the second groove 23 is along the arrow The direction of A or the direction of the vertical arrow A penetrates the second coating portion 21, and the opposite sides of the second groove 23 are in contact with the second active layer, and the application is not limited thereto.
  • the third tab 60 is disposed on the second hollow foil portion 22, and the third tab 60 and the second tab 50 are directed from the same long side of the second pole piece 20 Outstretched.
  • the third tab 60 is located at the start of the winding of the second pole piece 20, and viewed from the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100, the third tab 60 is approximately located at the center layer of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the direction indicated by the arrow C in FIG. 3 is the length direction of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the first tab 40 extends from the first end 101 of the electrode assembly 100
  • the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 extend from the electrode assembly 100.
  • the second end 102 of 100 extends.
  • the first tab 40 is substantially elongated, and includes a connecting portion 41 and a protruding portion 42, where the connecting portion 41 is connected to the first pole piece 10, and the protruding portion 42 protrudes from the The electrode assembly 100.
  • the connecting portion 41 may be disposed in the first groove 13 and welded to the first current collector in the first groove 13, and the protruding portion 42 extends from the long side of the first pole piece 10. The edges stick out.
  • the first tab 40 and the first pole piece 10 are integrally formed, and the first tab 40 is formed by extending outward from the long side of the first pole piece 10.
  • the electrode assembly 100 further includes a first insulating member 80 that covers the connecting portion 41 of the first tab 40.
  • the first insulating member 80 avoids the first electrode A short circuit occurs between the ear 40 and the second pole piece 20, on the other hand, it prevents the burr on the connecting portion 41 from scratching or damaging the pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly 100 further includes a second insulating member 90, the winding start end of the second pole piece 20 includes a cutting portion 24, and the second insulating member 90 covers the cutting portion 24.
  • the cut portion 24 is formed by cutting the second current collector, and the second insulating member 90 can prevent the burr on the cut portion 24 from damaging the pole piece during the winding process.
  • the surface of the first tab 40 is plated with a metal material capable of soldering, which not only improves the performance of the tab including the current-carrying capacity, but also facilitates the welding of the first tab 40 with an external circuit.
  • the metal material capable of brazing is preferably a nickel metal material
  • the structure of the first tab 40 is preferably a copper-nickel-plated structure.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the difference is that in the second embodiment, the first tab 40 is disposed on the first hollow foil portion 12.
  • the electrode assembly 100 further includes a third insulating member 91, the third insulating member 91 is disposed on the first coating part 11, from the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100, the third insulating member 91 and The overlap of the second tab 50 further prevents the second tab 50 and the first pole piece 10 from being short-circuited.
  • At least one layer of the first pole piece 10 or a layer of the second pole piece is spaced between the first tab 40 and the third tab 60 20. Increasing the distance between the tabs is beneficial to improve the manufacturability of the electrode assembly 100 and avoid interference of multiple tabs during the bending process.
  • the first tab 40 is also located at the winding start end of the first pole piece 10. From the perspective of the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100, the first tab 40 and the third tab 60 are both located approximately in the middle of the electrode assembly 100. The beginning layer. Since the winding start end of the first pole piece 10 is lower than the winding start end of the second pole piece 20, when viewed from the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100, the first tab 40 is slightly lower than the third tab 60. Along the thickness direction of the vertical electrode assembly, the first tab 40 and the third tab 60 are spaced apart from each other, and the cut portion 24 and the second insulating member 90 are located between the first tab 40 and the third tab 60.
  • the other structure of the electrode assembly 100 of the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the third embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, the difference is that in the third embodiment, the second empty foil portion 22 includes a first empty foil area 221 and a second empty foil area 221 Two empty foil areas 222, the first empty foil area 221 is connected to the first end 211 of the second coating part 21, and the second empty foil area 222 is connected to the second end of the second coating part 21 212.
  • the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 are respectively disposed in the first empty foil area 221 and the second empty foil area 222.
  • first tab 40 is disposed on the first hollow foil portion 12.
  • the third tab 60 is located at the winding start end of the second pole piece 20, the second tab 50 is located at the winding end end of the second pole piece 20, and the first tab 40 is located at the winding start end of the first pole piece 10.
  • the first tab 40 and the third tab 60 are approximately located in the middle of the electrode assembly 100 and are spaced apart from each other, and the second tab 50 is approximately located on the outermost layer of the electrode assembly 100, thereby achieving The reasonable configuration of the positions of the multiple tabs is beneficial to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the fourth embodiment is substantially the same as that of the third embodiment.
  • the first tab 40 is disposed on the first coating part 11.
  • the first active layer on the first coating portion 11 is provided with a first groove 13, and the first tab 40 is disposed in the first groove 13.
  • the direction indicated by arrow A in FIG. 1 is the length direction of the pole piece, along the length direction of the first pole piece 10, the distance between the first groove 13 and the end of the first pole piece 10 It is 1/2 to 1/3 of the total length of the first pole piece 10, and the first tab 40 protrudes from the long side of the first pole piece 10.
  • the first tab 40 and the third tab 60 are at least separated by one layer of the first pole piece 10 or a layer of the second pole piece 20.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the fifth embodiment is substantially the same as the second embodiment, the difference is that in the fifth embodiment, the second coating part 21 defines a third groove 25, The third tab 60 is disposed in the third groove 25.
  • the third groove 25 is substantially rectangular, and is opened inwardly from the long side of the second coating portion 21, so that three surfaces of the third groove 25 are in contact with the second coating. Section 21 on the second active layer. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the third groove 25 is opened in the middle area of the second coating part 21, and the third groove 25 is in contact with the second active layer on all sides; or the third groove 25 is along the pole The sheet length direction or perpendicular to the pole sheet length direction penetrates the second coating portion 21, and the opposite sides of the third groove 25 are in contact with the second active layer.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the sixth embodiment is substantially the same as that of the fifth embodiment.
  • the difference is that in the sixth embodiment, the first tab 40 is disposed on the first coating part 11.
  • the first active layer on the first coating portion 11 is provided with a first groove 13, and the first tab 40 is disposed in the first groove 13.
  • the other structure of the electrode assembly 100 of the sixth embodiment is substantially the same as that of the fifth embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the seventh embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that in the seventh embodiment, the third tab 60 is located at the winding end of the second pole piece 20.
  • the second empty foil portion 22 is the winding termination end of the second pole piece 20. From the perspective of the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100, the third tab 60 is roughly located on the outermost layer of the electrode assembly 100, which facilitates the distinction between the third tab 60 and the first tab 40 or the second tab 50, reducing the connection of the electrode assembly 100 to the outside. Circuit connection error occurred during the circuit.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the eighth embodiment is substantially the same as that of the second embodiment.
  • the third tab is located at the end of the winding of the second pole piece 20.
  • a tab 40 is also located at the winding start end of the first pole piece 10. From the perspective of the thickness of the electrode assembly 100, the first tab 40 is approximately located at the center layer of the electrode assembly 100, and the third tab 60 is approximately located at the electrode assembly 100. In order to increase the distance between the tabs, the manufacturability of the electrode assembly 100 is improved.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the ninth embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment.
  • the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 are integrally formed along the vertical In the length direction of the pole piece, the integrally formed second pole piece 50 and the third pole piece 60 penetrate the second pole piece 20, that is, the second pole piece 50 and the third pole piece 60 are opposite to each other from the second pole piece 20.
  • the second tab 50 extends from the first end 101 of the electrode assembly 100
  • the third tab 60 extends from the second end 101 of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the end 102 extends.
  • the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 may also be independent structures, and are respectively arranged at different positions on the second pole piece 20, and the second tab 50 is separated from the electrode assembly
  • the first end 101 of the electrode assembly 100 extends, and the third tab 60 extends from the second end 102 of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the first tab 40 may protrude from the first end 101 or the second end 102 of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the tenth embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment.
  • the electrode assembly 100 further includes a fourth tab 70, and the fourth tab 70 It is arranged on the first pole piece 10 or the second pole piece 20.
  • the projection of the fourth tab 70 on the projection surface is different from the projections of the first tab 40, the second tab 50, and the third tab 60. overlapping.
  • the first tab 40 may protrude from the first end 101 or the second end 102 in the length direction of the electrode assembly 100, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the eleventh embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the difference is that at least two electrical connection portions 43 are provided at one end of the first tab 40 protruding from the electrode assembly 100.
  • the at least two electrical connection portions 43 are spaced apart from each other and used to connect to an external circuit, so that the first tab 40 is divided into two tabs with the same polarity, so as to further divide the current and improve the overcurrent capability of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the two electrical connection portions 43 are provided at one end of the protruding portion 42 away from the connection portion 41.
  • the electrical connection portion 43 can be formed by welding a lug adapter on the first lug 40, or can be formed by cutting the first lug 40. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the number of the electrical connection portions 43 may be more than two, and the application is not limited thereto. By analogy, multiple electrical connections may also be provided on the second tab 50 and the third tab 60.
  • a twelfth embodiment provides a battery 200, which includes a casing 201 and the electrode assembly 100 in any of the foregoing embodiments, and the casing 201 houses the electrode assembly 100. Further, the battery 200 includes a plurality of electrode terminals 202 arranged on the outer surface of the housing 201, and each electrode terminal 202 is electrically connected to the first tab 40, the second tab 50, and The third tab 60.

Abstract

一种电极组件（100）以及具有所述电极组件（100）的电池（200）。所述电极组件（100）包括第一极片（10）、第二极片（20）和隔离膜（30），所述电极组件（100）由所述第一极片（10）、所述隔离膜（30）和所述第二极片（20）卷绕形成。所述电极组件（100）进一步包括第一极耳（40）、第二极耳（50）和第三极耳（60），所述第一极耳（40）设置于所述第一极片（10），所述第三极耳（60）和所述第二极耳（50）设置于所述第二极片（20）。沿所述电极组件（100）的厚度方向，所述第一极耳（40）、所述第二极耳（50）和所述第三极耳（60）的投影不重叠。上述电极组件（100）通过设置多极耳结构，利用多极耳并联分流，实现提高电池（200）过流能力、降低温升的目的。

Description

电极组件和电池 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，尤其涉及一种电极组件和具有该电极组件的电池。
背景技术
随着5G的应用，消费者对智能手机、平板电脑等便携式电子产品的电池性能要求越来越高。现有电池中存在电池及整机温升高的问题，过高的温度会降低电池和电子产品的使用性能。现有电池采用双极耳结构，电池的整体过流能力不能得到提升，因此电池和整机的温升仍然较高。
发明内容
鉴于上述状况，有必要提供一种能够提高电池过流能力、降低温升的电极组件和具有该电极组件的电池。
本申请实施例提供了一种电极组件，其包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜，所述第二极片的极性与所述第一极片的极性相反，所述隔离膜设置在所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间。所述电极组件由所述第一极片、所述隔离膜和所述第二极片卷绕形成。所述电极组件进一步包括第一极耳、第二极耳和第三极耳，所述第一极耳设置于所述第一极片，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳设置于所述第二极片。沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳的投影不重叠。三个极耳可以设置成两个正极耳一个负极耳，或两个负极耳一个正极耳，通过多极耳并联分流，降低电极组件的温升。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一极耳在所述投影面上的投影位于所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳的投影之间，避免极耳折弯过程中多个极耳之间发生干涉。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一极片包括第一涂覆部和第一空箔部；所述第二极片包括第二涂覆部和第二空箔部；其中，所述第一涂覆部由第一活性层涂覆于第一集流体的表面形成，所述第二涂覆部由第二活性层涂覆于第二集流体的表面形成。
进一步地，所述第一涂覆部上的活性层上开设第一凹槽，所述第一极耳设置于所述第一凹槽，方便第一极耳与第一极片实现电连接。
进一步地，沿所述第一极片的长度方向上，所述第一凹槽与所述第一极片的端部之间的距离为第一极片总长度的1/2～1/3。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一极耳设置于所述第一空箔部。
在一可选实施例中，所述第二涂覆部开设第二凹槽，所述第二极耳设置于所述第二凹槽，所述第二凹槽的至少两侧边接触所述第二涂覆部上的活性层。
进一步地，所述第三极耳设置于所述第二空箔部。
在一可选实施例中，所述第二涂覆部开设第三凹槽，所述第三极耳设置于所述第三凹槽。
在一可选实施例中，所述第二空箔部包括第一空箔区和第二空箔区，所述第一空箔区连接所述第二涂覆部的第一端，所述第二空箔区连接所述第二涂覆部的第二端，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳分别设置于所述第一空箔区和所述第二空箔区。
在一可选实施例中，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一极耳与所述第三极耳之间至少间隔一层所述第一极片或一层所述第二极片，增大极耳之间的间距有利于提高电极组件的可制造性。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一极耳包括连接部和凸出部，所述 连接部连接所述第一极片，所述凸出部伸出所述电极组件。
进一步地，所述电极组件还包括第一绝缘件，所述第一绝缘件覆盖所述连接部，避免连接部上的毛刺在卷绕过程中损坏极片。
进一步地，所述电极组件进一步包括第二绝缘件；所述第二极片的卷绕起始端包括裁切部；所述第二绝缘件覆盖所述裁切部。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一极耳从所述电极组件的第一端伸出，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳从所述电极组件的第二端伸出。
在一可选实施例中，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳一体成型，所述第二极耳从所述电极组件的第一端伸出，所述第三极耳从所述电极组件的第二端伸出。
在一可选实施例中，所述电极组件还包括第四极耳，所述第四极耳设置于所述第一极片或所述第二极片，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第四极耳在所述投影面上的投影与所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳的投影不重叠。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一极耳伸出所述电极组件的一端设有至少两个电连接部，所述至少两个电连接部相互间隔并用于连接外部电路。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一极耳的表面或者所述第三极耳的表面镀有能够进行钎焊的金属材料，以提升极耳包括载流能力在内的极耳性能。所述能够进行钎焊的金属材料为镍。
在一可选实施例中，第一极耳或者第三极耳的材质可以选自铜、镍，或者铜镀镍。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池，所述电池包括壳体和电极组件，所述电极组件为上述任一项所述的电极组件，所述壳体收容所述电极组件。
进一步地，所述电池包括设置于所述壳体外表面的复数个电极端子，每个所述电极端子分别电连接所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳 和所述第三极耳。
上述电极组件通过设置第一极耳、第二极耳和第三极耳，使电极组件表现为多极耳结构，利用多极耳并联分流，实现提高电池过流能力、降低温升的目的。
附图说明
图1为电极组件的第一极片和第二极片在第一实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图2为电极组件在第一实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图3为电极组件在第一实施例中的外观结构示意图。
图4为第一极片和第二极片在第二实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图5为电极组件在第二实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图6为第一极片和第二极片在第三实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图7为电极组件在第三实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图8为第一极片和第二极片在第四实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图9为电极组件在第四实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图10为第一极片和第二极片在第五实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图11为电极组件在第五实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图12为第一极片和第二极片在第六实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图13为电极组件在第六实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图14为第一极片和第二极片在第七实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图15为电极组件在第七实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图16为第一极片和第二极片在第八实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图17为电极组件在第八实施例中的卷绕结构示意图。
图18为第二极片在第九实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图19为电极组件在第九实施例中的外观结构示意图。
图20为第一极片和第二极片在第十实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图21为电极组件在第十一实施例中的外观结构示意图。
图22为电池在第十二实施例中的结构示意图。
主要元件符号说明：
电极组件                 100
第一端                   101
第二端                   102
第一极片                 10
第一涂覆部               11
第一空箔部               12
第一凹槽                 13
第二极片                 20
第二涂覆部               21
第一端                   211
第二端                   212
第二空箔部               22
第一空箔区               221
第二空箔区               222
第二凹槽                 23
裁切部                   24
第三凹槽                 25
隔离膜                   30
第一极耳                 40
连接部                   41
凸出部                   42
电连接部                 43
第二极耳                 50
第三极耳                 60
第四极耳                 70
第一绝缘件               80
第二绝缘件               90
第三绝缘件               91
电池                     200
壳体                     201
电极端子                 202
具体实施方式：
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。当一个元件被认为是“设置于”另一个元件， 它可以是直接设置在另一个元件上或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“或/及”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本申请实施例提供了一种电极组件，其包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜，所述第二极片的极性与所述第一极片的极性相反，所述隔离膜设置在所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间。所述电极组件由所述第一极片、所述隔离膜和所述第二极片卷绕形成。所述电极组件进一步包括第一极耳、第二极耳和第三极耳，所述第一极耳设置于所述第一极片，所述第二极耳设置于所述第二极片，所述第三极耳设置于所述第二极片。沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳的投影不重叠。
上述电极组件通过设置第一极耳、第二极耳和第三极耳，使电极组件表现为多极耳结构，利用多极耳并联分流，实现提高电池过流能力、降低温升的目的。
本申请的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施方式及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。
第一实施例
请参阅图1和图2，在第一实施例中，电极组件100包括第一极片10、第二极片20和隔离膜30。所述第二极片20的极性与所述第一极片10的极性相反，所述隔离膜30设置在所述第一极片10和所述第二极片20之间。所述电极组件100由所述第一极片10、所述隔离膜30和所述第二极片20卷绕形成。所述电极组件100进 一步包括第一极耳40、第二极耳50和第三极耳60。所述第一极耳40设置于所述第一极片10，所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60设置于所述第二极片20。沿所述电极组件100的厚度方向，所述第一极耳40、所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60在垂直于所述电极组件100的厚度方向的投影面上的投影不重叠。图2中箭头B指示的方向为电极组件100的厚度方向。请继续参阅图3，所述第一极耳40在所述投影面上的投影位于所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60的投影之间。三个极耳可以设置成两个正极耳一个负极耳，或两个负极耳一个正极耳，通过多极耳并联分流，降低电极组件100的温升。根据本申请的一个实施例，负极耳的材质可以选择铜、镍、或者铜镀镍材料。
所述第一极片10包括第一涂覆部11和第一空箔部12；所述第二极片20包括第二涂覆部21和第二空箔部22。其中，所述第一涂覆部11由第一活性层涂覆于第一集流体的表面形成，所述第二涂覆部21由第二活性层涂覆于第二集流体的表面形成。第一集流体和第二集流体分别是用于制造第一极片10和第二极片20的金属片。第一空箔部12大致是第一集流体上没有涂覆第一活性层的区域，第二空箔部22大致是第二集流体上没有涂覆第二活性层的区域。
在第一实施例中，所述第一涂覆部11上的第一活性层上开设第一凹槽13，所述第一极耳40设置于所述第一凹槽13，方便第一极耳40与第一极片10实现电连接。图1中箭头A指示的方向为极片的长度方向，沿所述第一极片10的长度方向上，所述第一凹槽13与所述第一极片10的端部之间的距离为第一极片10总长度的1/2～1/3，所述第一极耳40从第一极片10的长侧边伸出。所述第一凹槽13大致呈长方形，从所述第一极片10的长侧边向内开设，使所述第一凹槽13的三面接触第一涂覆部11上的第一活性层。可以理解，在其他实施例中，所述第一凹槽13开设在第一涂覆部11的 中间，第一凹槽13的四周都接触第一活性层；或者第一凹槽13沿箭头A的方向或垂直箭头A的方向贯穿第一涂覆部11，第一凹槽13相对的两侧边与第一活性层接触，本申请不限定于此。
所述第二涂覆部21开设第二凹槽23，所述第二极耳50设置于所述第二凹槽23，并且所述第二极耳50从第二极片20的长侧边伸出，所述第二凹槽23的至少两侧边接触所述第二涂覆部21上的活性层。具体地，所述第二凹槽23大致呈长方形，从所述第二极片20的长侧边向内开设，使所述第二凹槽23的三面接触第二涂覆部21上的第二活性层。可以理解，在其他实施例中，所述第二凹槽23开设在第二涂覆部21的中部区域，第二凹槽23的四周都接触第二活性层；或者第二凹槽23沿箭头A的方向或垂直箭头A的方向贯穿第二涂覆部21，第二凹槽23相对的两侧边与第二活性层接触，本申请不限定于此。
进一步地，所述第三极耳60设置于所述第二空箔部22，所述第三极耳60和所述第二极耳50从所述第二极片20的同一长侧边向外伸出。在第一实施例中，第三极耳60位于第二极片20的卷绕起始端，从电极组件100的厚度方向看，第三极耳60大致位于电极组件100的中心层。
图3中箭头C指示的方向为电极组件100的长度方向，所述第一极片10、所述隔离膜30和所述第二极片20卷绕形成电极组件100时，第一极耳40、第二极耳50和第三极耳60从所述电极组件100长度方向的第一端101伸出。可以理解，在其他实施例中，所述第一极耳40从所述电极组件100的第一端101伸出，所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60从所述电极组件100的第二端102伸出。
进一步地，所述第一极耳40大致呈长条形，包括连接部41和凸出部42，所述连接部41连接所述第一极片10，所述凸出部42伸出所述电极组件100。具体地，所述连接部41可以设置于所述第 一凹槽13内，并焊接于第一凹槽13内的第一集流体，所述凸出部42从第一极片10的长侧边向外伸出。在一可选实施例中，所述第一极耳40与所述第一极片10一体成型，第一极耳40从第一极片10的长侧边向外延伸形成。
所述电极组件100还包括第一绝缘件80，所述第一绝缘件80覆盖所述第一极耳40的连接部41，在卷绕过程中，第一绝缘件80一方面避免第一极耳40与第二极片20之间发生短路，另一方面避免连接部41上的毛刺刮伤或损坏极片。所述电极组件100进一步包括第二绝缘件90，所述第二极片20的卷绕起始端包括裁切部24，所述第二绝缘件90覆盖所述裁切部24。在制造第二极片20的过程中，通过裁切第二集流体形成所述裁切部24，第二绝缘件90可以在卷绕过程中防止裁切部24上的毛刺损坏极片。
进一步地，所述第一极耳40表面镀有能够进行钎焊的金属材料，既提升极耳包括载流能力在内的极耳性能，又方便第一极耳40与外部电路进行焊接。在本申请的实施例中，能够进行钎焊的金属材料优选为镍金属材料，所述第一极耳40的结构优选为铜镀镍结构。
第二实施例
请参阅图4和图5，第二实施例的电极组件100与第一实施例大致相同，区别在于，第二实施例中，第一极耳40设置于所述第一空箔部12。所述电极组件100还包括第三绝缘件91，所述第三绝缘件91设置于所述第一涂覆部11，从所述电极组件100的厚度方向上，所述第三绝缘件91与所述第二极耳50重叠，进一步防止第二极耳50与第一极片10发生短路。
进一步地，沿所述电极组件100的厚度方向，所述第一极耳40与所述第三极耳60之间至少间隔一层所述第一极片10或一层所述第二极片20。增大极耳之间的间距有利于提高电极组件100的可制 造性，避免多个极耳在折弯过程中发生干涉。
第一极耳40也位于第一极片10的卷绕起始端，从电极组件100的厚度方向看，第一极耳40和第三极耳60均大致位于电极组件100的中部的卷绕起始层。由于第一极片10的卷绕起始端低于第二极片20的卷绕起始端，所以从电极组件100的厚度方向看，第一极耳40略低于第三极耳60。沿垂直电极组件厚度方向，第一极耳40与第三极耳60相互间隔，裁切部24和第二绝缘件90位于第一极耳40与第三极耳60之间。
第二实施例的电极组件100的其他结构与第一实施例大致相同，此处不再赘述。
第三实施例
请参阅图6和图7，第三实施例的电极组件100与第一实施例大致相同，区别在于，第三实施例中，所述第二空箔部22包括第一空箔区221和第二空箔区222，所述第一空箔区221连接所述第二涂覆部21的第一端211，所述第二空箔区222连接所述第二涂覆部21的第二端212，所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60分别设置于所述第一空箔区221和所述第二空箔区222。
进一步的，第一极耳40设置于所述第一空箔部12。第三极耳60位于第二极片20的卷绕起始端，第二极耳50位于第二极片20的卷绕终止端，第一极耳40位于第一极片10的卷绕起始端。从电极组件100的厚度方向上看，第一极耳40和第三极耳60大致位于电极组件100的中部并相互间隔设置，第二极耳50大致位于电极组件100的最外层，从而实现对多个极耳位置的合理配置，有利于降低电极组件100的制造难度。
第四实施例
请参阅图8和图9，第四实施例的电极组件100与第三实施例大致相同，区别在于，第四实施例中，第一极耳40设置于第一涂覆 部11。所述第一涂覆部11上的第一活性层上开设第一凹槽13，所述第一极耳40设置于所述第一凹槽13。图1中箭头A指示的方向为极片的长度方向，沿所述第一极片10的长度方向上，所述第一凹槽13与所述第一极片10的端部之间的距离为第一极片10总长度的1/2～1/3，所述第一极耳40从第一极片10的长侧边伸出。
从电极组件100的厚度方向看，第一极耳40与第三极耳60至少间隔一层所述第一极片10或一层所述第二极片20。
第五实施例
请参阅图10和图11，第五实施例的电极组件100与第二实施例大致相同，区别在于，第五实施例中，所述第二涂覆部21开设第三凹槽25，所述第三极耳60设置于所述第三凹槽25。
在第五实施例中，所述第三凹槽25大致呈长方形，从所述第二涂覆部21的长侧边向内开设，使所述第三凹槽25的三面接触第二涂覆部21上的第二活性层。可以理解，在其他实施例中，所述第三凹槽25开设在第二涂覆部21的中部区域，第三凹槽25的四周都接触第二活性层；或者第三凹槽25沿极片长度方向或垂直于极片长度方向贯穿第二涂覆部21，第三凹槽25相对的两侧边与第二活性层接触。
第六实施例
请参阅图12和图13，第六实施例的电极组件100与第五实施例大致相同，区别在于，第六实施例中，第一极耳40设置于第一涂覆部11上。所述第一涂覆部11上的第一活性层上开设第一凹槽13，所述第一极耳40设置于所述第一凹槽13。
第六实施例的电极组件100的其他结构与第五实施例大致相同，此处不再赘述。
第七实施例
请参阅图14和图15，第七实施例的电极组件100与第一实施 例大致相同，区别在于，第七实施例中，第三极耳60位于第二极片20的卷绕终止端，相应地，第二空箔部22为第二极片20的卷绕终止端。从电极组件100的厚度方向看，第三极耳60大致位于电极组件100的最外层，方便区分第三极耳60与第一极耳40或第二极耳50，减少电极组件100连接外部电路时发生电路连接错误的情况。
第八实施例
请参阅图16和图17，第八实施例的电极组件100与第二实施例大致相同，区别在于，第八实施例中，第三极耳位于第二极片20的卷绕终止端，第一极耳40也位于第一极片10的卷绕起始端，从电极组件100的厚度方向看，第一极耳40大致位于电极组件100的中心层，第三极耳60大致位于电极组件100的最外层，从而增大极耳之间的间距，提高电极组件100的可制造性。
第九实施例
请参阅图18，第九实施例的电极组件100与第一实施例大致相同，区别在于，第九实施例中，所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60一体成型，沿垂直极片长度方向，一体成型的第二极耳50和第三极耳60贯穿所述第二极片20，即第二极耳50和第三极耳60分别从第二极片20相对的两个长侧边伸出。请继续参阅图19，从电极组件100的长度方向，所述第二极耳50从所述电极组件100的第一端101伸出，所述第三极耳60从所述电极组件的第二端102伸出。
可以理解，在其他实施例中，第二极耳50和第三极耳60也可以是相互独立的结构，分别设置在第二极片20上的不同位置，并且第二极耳50从电极组件100的第一端101伸出，第三极耳60从电极组件100的第二端102伸出。与此同时，第一极耳40可以从电极组件100的第一端101或第二端102伸出。
第十实施例
请参阅图20，第十实施例的电极组件100与第一实施例大致相 同，区别在于，第十实施例中，所述电极组件100还包括第四极耳70，所述第四极耳70设置于所述第一极片10或所述第二极片20。沿所述电极组件100的厚度方向，所述第四极耳70在投影面上的投影与所述第一极耳40、所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60的投影不重叠。第一极耳40可以从电极组件100长度方向的第一端101或第二端102伸出，本申请不限定于此。
第十一实施例
请参阅图21，第十一实施例的电极组件100与第一实施例大致相同，区别在于，所述第一极耳40伸出所述电极组件100的一端设有至少两个电连接部43，所述至少两个电连接部43相互间隔并用于连接外部电路，使第一极耳40分化成两个极性相同的极耳，从而进一步分化电流，提高电极组件100的过流能力。也可以说，所述两个电连接部43设置于所述凸出部42远离所述连接部41的一端。
所述电连接部43可以通过在第一极耳40上焊接极耳转接件形成，也可以通过裁切第一极耳40形成。可以理解，在其他实施例中，电连接部43的数量可以多于两个，本申请不限定于此。以此类推，第二极耳50、第三极耳60上也可以设置多个电连接部。
第十二实施例
请参阅图22，第十二实施例提供一种电池200，包括壳体201和上述任一实施例中的电极组件100，所述壳体201收容所述电极组件100。进一步地，所述电池200包括设置于所述壳体201外表面的复数个电极端子202，每个所述电极端子202分别电连接所述第一极耳40、所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60。
以上实施方式仅用以说明本申请的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照以上较佳实施方式对本申请进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本申请的技术方案进行修改或等同替换都不应脱离本申请技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种电极组件，包括：
    第一极片；
    第二极片，所述第二极片的极性与所述第一极片的极性相反；和
    隔离膜，设置在所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间；
    所述电极组件由所述第一极片、所述隔离膜和所述第二极片卷绕形成；其特征在于，所述电极组件进一步包括：
    第一极耳，设置于所述第一极片；
    第二极耳，设置于所述第二极片；和
    第三极耳，设置于所述第二极片；
    沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳在垂直于所述电极组件的厚度方向的投影面上的投影不重叠。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一极耳在所述投影面上的投影位于所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳的投影之间。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一极片包括第一涂覆部和第一空箔部；所述第二极片包括第二涂覆部和第二空箔部；其中，所述第一涂覆部由第一活性层涂覆于第一集流体的表面形成，所述第二涂覆部由第二活性层涂覆于第二集流体的表面形成。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一涂覆部上的活性层上开设第一凹槽，所述第一极耳设置于所述第一凹槽。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电极组件，其特征在于，沿所述第一极片的长度方向上，所述第一凹槽与所述第一极片的端部之间的距离为第一极片总长度的1/2～1/3。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一极耳设置 于所述第一空箔部。
  7. 如权利要求3-6任一项所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第二涂覆部开设第二凹槽，所述第二极耳设置于所述第二凹槽，所述第二凹槽的至少两侧边接触所述第二涂覆部上的活性层。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第三极耳设置于所述第二空箔部。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第二涂覆部开设第三凹槽，所述第三极耳设置于所述第三凹槽。
  10. 如权利要求3-6任一项所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第二空箔部包括第一空箔区和第二空箔区，所述第一空箔区连接所述第二涂覆部的第一端，所述第二空箔区连接所述第二涂覆部的第二端，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳分别设置于所述第一空箔区和所述第二空箔区。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一极耳与所述第三极耳之间至少间隔一层所述第一极片或一层所述第二极片。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一极耳包括连接部和凸出部，所述连接部连接所述第一极片，所述凸出部伸出所述电极组件。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述电极组件还包括第一绝缘件，所述第一绝缘件覆盖所述连接部。
  14. 如权利要求11所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述电极组件进一步包括第二绝缘件；所述第二极片的卷绕起始端包括裁切部；所述第二绝缘件覆盖所述裁切部。
  15. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一极耳从所述电极组件的第一端伸出，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳从所述电极组件的第二端伸出。
  16. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳一体成型，所述第二极耳从所述电极组件的第一端伸出，所述第三极耳从所述电极组件的第二端伸出。
  17. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述电极组件还包括第四极耳，所述第四极耳设置于所述第一极片或所述第二极片，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第四极耳在所述投影面上的投影与所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳的投影不重叠。
  18. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一极耳伸出所述电极组件的一端设有至少两个电连接部，所述至少两个电连接部相互间隔并用于连接外部电路。
  19. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一极耳的表面或者所述第三极耳的表面镀有能够进行钎焊的金属材料。
  20. 一种电池，包括壳体和电极组件，其特征在于，所述电极组件为权利要求1-19任一项所述的电极组件，所述壳体收容所述电极组件。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池包括设置于所述壳体外表面的复数个电极端子，每个所述电极端子分别电连接所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳。
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