WO2023165349A1 - 电化学装置以及用电设备 - Google Patents

电化学装置以及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023165349A1
WO2023165349A1 PCT/CN2023/076839 CN2023076839W WO2023165349A1 WO 2023165349 A1 WO2023165349 A1 WO 2023165349A1 CN 2023076839 W CN2023076839 W CN 2023076839W WO 2023165349 A1 WO2023165349 A1 WO 2023165349A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole piece
winding
electrode assembly
area
electrochemical device
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PCT/CN2023/076839
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏士伟
邓道林
杨兴富
陈文�
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宁德新能源科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023165349A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023165349A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, and in particular to an electrochemical device and electrical equipment.
  • the winding structure will generate a strong axial magnetic field on both ends of the winding body due to the special structure of the spiral involute and the non-overlapping properties of the positive and negative pole pieces. It will interfere with the surrounding electrical equipment and affect the normal use of electrical equipment, especially as the battery capacity increases and the output power of the battery increases, the interference of the generated axial magnetic field to electrical equipment will further increase.
  • an electrochemical device includes an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly is a wound structure, and the electrode assembly includes a first pole piece and a second pole piece.
  • the winding end of the first pole piece is provided with a first area, and the first area is connected to the first tab; the winding end of the second pole piece is provided with a second area, and the second area is connected to the second tab.
  • the first pole piece is located inside the electrode assembly relative to the second pole piece, and the first area exceeds the second area, and the winding length of the first area beyond the second area is less than lap.
  • the included angle between the ray from the winding center of the electrode assembly to the geometric center of the first region and the ray from the winding center to the geometric center of the second region is ⁇ , satisfying: 30° ⁇ ⁇ 270°.
  • the inventors of the present application found through research that due to the special structure of the spiral involute and the non-overlapping property of the positive and negative pole pieces of the battery with the winding structure, the effective current path length of the first pole piece on the inside of the winding will be smaller than that on the outside of the winding
  • the effective current path of the second pole piece generates a strong axial magnetic field on the two end faces of the winding body.
  • the above-mentioned electrochemical device of the present application extends the effective length of the outermost circle of the first pole piece located on the inside of the winding, so that the first area exceeds the second area. When the electrode assembly discharges to generate current, the first pole piece exceeds the second area.
  • Part of the generated magnetic field can at least partially offset the magnetic field generated by the two ends of the helical involute structure in the axial direction, thereby effectively reducing the magnetic field generated by the electrode assembly winding structure itself, thereby reducing the impact of the electrochemical device on the surrounding electrical equipment. interference.
  • 90° ⁇ 240° When the included angle ⁇ is in the above range, the magnetic field generated by the part of the first pole piece beyond the second area makes the first pole piece located on the inside of the winding and the second pole piece located on the outside of the winding at both ends in the axial direction The counteracting effect of the generated magnetic field is better, and the interference generated by the electrochemical device on surrounding electric equipment can be reduced more.
  • the number of winding turns of the electrode assembly is n, satisfying: 3 ⁇ n ⁇ 40.
  • the number n of winding turns of the electrode assembly is within the above range, a good degaussing effect can be obtained.
  • the winding number n of the electrode assembly is in the above range
  • the first pole piece exceeds the second area for a short period of time
  • the first pole piece located on the inner side of the winding and the second pole piece located on the outer side of the winding are generated at both ends of the electrode assembly in the axial direction.
  • the offset effect of the magnetic field is better, and the energy density of the electrochemical device can be further improved on the basis of better reducing the interference generated by the electrochemical device to the surrounding electrical equipment.
  • the first pole piece is a positive pole piece
  • the second pole piece is a negative pole piece
  • the electrode assembly along the width direction of the first pole piece, includes a first side and a second side disposed opposite to each other.
  • the first tab includes a first connection portion and a first extension portion, the first connection portion is connected to the first region, the first extension portion is connected to the first connection portion and is located on the first side;
  • the second tab includes a second connection portion and the second extension part, the second connection part is connected to the second region, and the second extension part is connected to the second connection part and is located on the second side.
  • the electrochemical device further includes an electrode component and a casing, the electrode assembly is disposed in the casing, the first extension part is connected to the electrode component, and the second extension part is connected to the casing.
  • the above-mentioned electrode parts can facilitate the electrical connection between the electrochemical device and the equipment main body of the electrical equipment.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a diaphragm, which is arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece, and along the winding direction of the winding structure from inside to outside, the winding end of the diaphragm exceeds the first pole piece.
  • the arrangement of the diaphragm above can isolate the first pole piece from the second pole piece and the casing, thereby reducing the risk of internal short circuit of the electrochemical device.
  • the electrochemical device further includes an insulator disposed between the case and the electrode assembly.
  • the insulator can isolate the two ends of the first pole piece in the width direction from the casing, thereby reducing the risk of internal short circuit of the electrochemical device.
  • an electric device which includes the electrochemical device according to any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the aforementioned electrical equipment uses the electrochemical device of any one of the aforementioned embodiments, so it has less electromagnetic interference.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochemical device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic field generated axially by a wound structure of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the included angle ⁇ and the magnetic induction intensity of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the electrode assembly in the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic induction intensity and the number of winding turns on the upper surface of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic induction intensity of the lower end surface and the number of winding turns of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochemical device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an electrical device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • perpendicular is used to describe the ideal state between two components. In the state of actual production or use, there may be a nearly vertical state between two parts. For example, combined with the numerical description, vertical can mean that the angle between two straight lines ranges between 90° ⁇ 10°, vertical can also mean that the dihedral angle of two planes ranges between 90° ⁇ 10°, and vertical It can mean that the angle range between the straight line and the plane is between 90 ⁇ 10°.
  • the two parts described as “perpendicular” may not be absolutely straight lines or planes, but may also be approximately straight lines or planes. From a macroscopic point of view, the overall extension direction is a straight line or a plane, and the parts can be considered as "straight lines” or "planes".
  • parallel is used to describe the ideal state between two components. In the state of actual production or use, there may be an approximately parallel state between the two components.
  • parallel can refer to the angle range between two straight lines is between 180° ⁇ 10°
  • parallel can also refer to the dihedral angle range of two planes is between 180° ⁇ 10°
  • parallel It may also mean that the included angle range between the straight line and the plane is between 180° ⁇ 10°.
  • the two parts described as “parallel” may not be absolutely straight lines or planes, but may also be approximately straight lines or planes. From a macroscopic point of view, the overall extension direction is a straight line or a plane, and the parts can be considered as "straight lines” or "planes".
  • the present application discloses an electrochemical device.
  • the electrochemical device includes an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly is a winding structure, and the electrode assembly includes a first pole piece and a second pole piece.
  • the winding end of the first pole piece is provided with a first area, and the first area is connected to the first tab;
  • the winding end of the second pole piece is provided with a second area, and the second area is connected to the second tab.
  • the first pole piece is located inside the electrode assembly relative to the second pole piece, and the first area exceeds the second area, and the winding length of the first area beyond the second area is less than lap.
  • the included angle between the ray from the winding center of the electrode assembly to the geometric center of the first region and the ray from the winding center to the geometric center of the second region is ⁇ , satisfying: 30° ⁇ ⁇ 270°.
  • the inventors of the present application found through research that due to the special structure of the spiral involute and the non-overlapping property of the positive and negative pole pieces of the battery with the winding structure, the effective current path length of the first pole piece on the inside of the winding will be smaller than that on the outside of the winding
  • the effective current path of the second pole piece generates a strong axial magnetic field on the two end faces of the winding body.
  • This application extends the effective length of the outermost circle of the first pole piece located on the inside of the winding, so that the first area exceeds the second area.
  • the magnetic field can at least partially offset the magnetic field generated by the axial ends of the helical involute structure, thereby effectively reducing the magnetic field generated by the winding structure of the electrode assembly itself, thereby reducing the interference of the electrochemical device on surrounding electrical equipment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrochemical device 100
  • the electrochemical device 100 includes an electrode assembly 10, the electrode assembly 10 is a wound structure, and the electrode assembly 10 includes a first pole piece 11 and a second pole slice 12.
  • the first pole piece 11 is located inside the electrode assembly 10 relative to the second pole piece 12 .
  • the first pole lug 20 is used to connect the first pole piece 11, the
  • the dipole lug 30 is used for connecting the second pole piece 12 .
  • a diaphragm 15 is arranged between the first pole piece 11 and the second pole piece 12, the first pole piece 11, the diaphragm 15 and the second pole piece 12 are wound to form the electrode assembly 10, and the diaphragm 15 is used to isolate the first pole piece 11 and the second pole piece 12.
  • the second pole piece 12 reduces the risk of a short circuit in the electrochemical device 100 .
  • first pole piece 11 and the second pole piece 12 is a positive pole piece, the other is a negative pole piece, the polarity of the first pole piece 20 is the same as that of the first pole piece 11, and the polarity of the second pole piece 30 Same as the second pole piece 12.
  • first tab 20 is a positive tab
  • second tab 30 is a negative tab.
  • the winding end of the first pole piece 11 is provided with a first area 111, the first area 111 is used to connect the first tab 20, and the winding end of the second pole piece 12 is provided with There is a second area 121 for connecting the second tab 30 .
  • the first region 111 exceeds the second region 121, and the winding length of the first region 111 beyond the second region 121 is less than one turn, along the width direction of the first pole piece 11 Observe, the ray from the winding center of the electrode assembly 10 to the geometric center of the first region 111 is L1, the ray from the winding center of the electrode assembly 10 to the geometric center of the second region 121 is L2, and the gap between L1 and L2 is The angle is ⁇ , satisfying: 30° ⁇ 270°.
  • the X direction is the width direction of the first pole piece 11, and the A direction is the winding direction.
  • B is the magnetic induction intensity, which can be used to indicate the strength of the magnetic field
  • R is the radius of the circle
  • x is the distance from the center of the circle to the point on the axis.
  • the above-mentioned first pole piece 11 extends the effective length of its outermost circle, so that the winding end of the first pole piece 11 exceeds the winding end of the second pole piece 12, so that the first area 111 exceeds the second area 121, when the electrode
  • the magnetic field generated by the part of the first pole piece 11 beyond the second region 121 can at least partially offset the spiral involute structure of the multilayer first pole piece 11 and the second pole piece 12 in the axial direction
  • the magnetic field generated at both ends of the electrode assembly 10 can effectively reduce the magnetic field generated by the winding structure of the electrode assembly 10 itself, and reduce the interference of the electrochemical device 100 to surrounding electrical equipment.
  • the number of winding turns of the first pole piece 11 is equal to the number of winding turns of the second pole piece 12, and the winding number of the first pole piece 11
  • the number of turns or the number of turns of the second pole piece 12 is the number of turns of the electrode assembly 10
  • the number of turns of the electrode assembly 10 is n.
  • the winding end of the first pole piece 11 exceeds the winding end of the second pole piece 12 (not shown).
  • the length of the first pole piece 11 beyond the second pole piece 12 is greater than one turn, so that the number of turns of the first pole piece 11 is greater than the number of turns of the second pole piece 12 .
  • the winding end of the second pole piece 12 exceeds the winding end of the first pole piece 11 (not shown). In some embodiments, the length of the second pole piece 12 beyond the first pole piece 11 is greater than one turn, so that the number of winding turns of the first pole piece 11 is less than that of the second pole piece. 12 winding turns.
  • Table 1 The relationship between the included angle ⁇ and the magnetic induction intensity
  • the positive and negative values of the magnetic field strength in the table represent the opposite direction of the magnetic field.
  • the angle ⁇ satisfies: 90° ⁇ 240°, when the angle ⁇ is in this range, the part of the first pole piece 11 beyond the second region 121
  • the generated magnetic field makes the offset effect of the magnetic field generated by the two ends of the electrode assembly 10 in the axial direction better, and can further reduce the interference generated by the electrochemical device 100 on surrounding electrical equipment.
  • a plurality of sets of electrode assemblies 10 are arranged, and the number n of winding turns of each set of electrode assemblies 10 is different.
  • Test 1 is carried out for each set of electrode assemblies 10.
  • the optimal included angle is the included angle when the magnetic field intensity on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the electrode assembly 10 is the smallest on the basis of the winding number n set by the group, and the recorded results are shown in Table 2, Figure 6 and Figure 7 .
  • the number of winding turns of the electrode assembly 10 is n, satisfying: 7 ⁇ n ⁇ 40.
  • the number of winding turns of the electrode assembly 10 is n in this range, when the first pole piece 11 exceeds the second region 121 for a short period of time, the first pole piece 11 located on the inner side of the winding and the first pole piece 11 located on the outer side of the winding
  • the offset effect of the magnetic field generated by the second pole piece 12 at the two ends of the electrode assembly 10 in the axial direction is better, and can further improve on the basis of better reducing the interference generated by the electrochemical device 100 to the surrounding electrical equipment. Energy density of the electrochemical device 100 .
  • the winding end of the diaphragm 15 exceeds the first pole piece 11, which can lower the first pole piece 11 directly to the second pole piece. 12 to and the risk of housing 50 contact.
  • the winding end of the separator 15 is connected to the second pole piece 12 through an adhesive (not shown).
  • the adhesive can be insulating glue.
  • the electrode assembly 10 includes a first side 13 and a second side 14 disposed opposite to each other.
  • the first tab 20 includes a first connection portion 21 and a first extension portion 22 , the first connection portion 21 is connected to the first region 111 , the first extension portion 22 is connected to the first connection portion 21 and is located on the first side 13 .
  • the second tab 30 includes a second connection portion 31 and a second extension portion 32 , the second connection portion 31 is connected to the second region 121 , the second extension portion 32 is connected to the second connection portion 31 and is located on the second side 14 .
  • the first tab 20 and the second tab 30 are respectively located on opposite sides of the electrode assembly 10, which can reduce the risk of mutual interference between the first tab 20 and the second tab 30, and can also facilitate the installation of the electrode assembly 10. connect.
  • first connection portion 21 and the first extension portion 22 are set at an angle.
  • second connection portion 31 and the second extension portion 32 set at an angle.
  • the electrochemical device 100 further includes a casing 50
  • the casing 50 includes a top wall 51, a side wall 52 and a bottom wall 53
  • the top wall 51 and the bottom wall 53 are connected to the side wall 52.
  • the top wall 51 , the side wall 52 and the bottom wall 53 surround and form an accommodation space 54
  • the electrode assembly 10 , the first tab 20 and the second tab 30 are all accommodated in the accommodation space 54 .
  • the casing 50 can protect the electrode assembly 10 and reduce the risk of direct contact between the first pole piece 11 and the second pole piece 12 and the external structure.
  • the electrochemical device 100 further includes an electrode member 40, a part of the electrode member 40 is disposed in the accommodating space 54, so as to be connected with the first extension portion 22, so that the electrode member 40 is connected to the first pole
  • the ear 20 is electrically connected, and part of the electrode member 40 is disposed outside the receiving space 54 .
  • the shape of the electrode member 40 may be a columnar shape, a hemispherical shape, a sheet shape or a combination of the above shapes, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the electrochemical device 100 further includes a sealing member 60, the sealing member 60 is disposed between the electrode member 40 and the casing 50, and the electrode member 40 is insulated and connected to the top wall 51 through the sealing member 60, The risk of a short circuit in the electrochemical device 100 is thereby reduced.
  • the electrode member 40 may be made of conductive metal such as copper or iron, and the sealing member 60 may be a sealant.
  • an insulator (not shown) is arranged in the accommodation space 54 and is located between the electrode assembly 10 and the casing 50 . isolation, thereby reducing the risk of an internal short circuit in the electrochemical device 100.
  • a conductive portion 531 is disposed on the bottom wall 53 , and the second extension portion 32 is connected to the conductive portion 531 , so that the second tab 30 is electrically connected to the conductive portion 531 .
  • the conductive portion 531 is made of conductive metal such as copper or iron.
  • the electrochemical device 100 further includes a first connecting member 70 and a second connecting member 80 .
  • the first connecting member 70 is at least partially located outside the receiving space 54 and is connected to the electrode member 40 connection, so that the first connecting piece 70 is electrically connected to the first tab 20, and the second connecting piece 80 is at least partially located outside the accommodation space 54 and electrically connected to the conductive part 531, so that the second connecting piece 80 is electrically connected to the second tab 30. connect.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device 1000 , which includes a device main body 200 and the aforementioned electrochemical device 100 .
  • the electrical equipment 1000 adopts the technical solution of any embodiment of the above-mentioned electrochemical device 100, it at least has the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution of any embodiment of the above-mentioned electrochemical device 100, and will not repeat them here. .
  • the first connecting member 70 and the second connecting member 80 in the electrochemical device 100 can be used to electrically connect with the equipment main body 200 of the electrical equipment 1000, so that the electrochemical device 100 can be electrically connected with the equipment main body 200, giving the equipment main body 200 power supply.
  • the electrical equipment 1000 in this application can be, but not limited to, clocks, lights, calculators, earphones, e-book players, toys, game consoles, video recorders, notebook computers, tablet computers, portable phones, portable CD players, Electronic notepads, portable tape recorders, radios, etc.

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Abstract

本申请公开一种电化学装置以及用电设备，电化学装置包括卷绕结构的电极组件，电极组件包括第一极片和第二极片，第一极片末端设有第一区域并连接第一极耳；第二极片末端设有第二区域并连接第二极耳。沿卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，第一极片相对于第二极片位于电极组件的内侧，第一区域超出第二区域，且超出的卷绕长度小于一圈。沿第一极片的宽度方向观察，卷绕中心至第一区域几何中心的射线，与卷绕中心至第二区域几何中心的射线之间的夹角为θ，满足：30°≤θ≤270°。本申请通过延长位于卷绕内侧第一极片的最外圈的有效电流路径长度，使第一区域超出第二区域，降低电极组件卷绕结构自身产生的磁场，降低电化学装置对用电设备的电磁干扰。

Description

电化学装置以及用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及储能技术领域，尤其涉及一种电化学装置以及用电设备。
背景技术
对于电极组件为卷绕结构的电池，其卷绕结构由于具有螺旋渐开线的特殊结构以及正负极片并非重合的属性，会在卷绕体两个端面产生较强的轴向磁场，磁场对周围用电设备产生干扰，影响用电设备的正常使用，尤其是随着电池容量的增加，电池输出功率的增大，所产生的轴向磁场对用电设备的干扰也会进一步增加。
发明内容
有鉴于此，有必要提供一种能够降低甚至消除轴向磁场的电化学装置。
本申请的第一方面，提供一种电化学装置，电化学装置包括电极组件，电极组件为卷绕结构，电极组件包括第一极片和第二极片。第一极片的卷绕末端设有第一区域，第一区域连接第一极耳；第二极片的卷绕末端设有第二区域，第二区域连接第二极耳。沿卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，第一极片相对于第二极片位于电极组件的内侧，且第一区域超出第二区域，第一区域超出第二区域的卷绕长度小于一圈。沿第一极片的宽度方向观察，电极组件的卷绕中心至第一区域几何中心的射线，与卷绕中心至第二区域几何中心的射线之间的夹角为θ，满足：30°≤θ≤270°。
本申请的发明人通过研究发现，由于卷绕结构的电池具有螺旋渐开线的特殊结构以及正负极片并非重合的属性，卷绕内侧第一极片的有效电流路径长度会小于卷绕外侧第二极片的有效电流路径，从而在卷绕体两个端面产生较强的轴向磁场。本申请上述电化学装置通过延长位于卷绕内侧第一极片的最外圈的有效长度，使第一区域超出第二区域，当电极组件放电产生电流时，第一极片超出第二区域的部分所产生的磁场可以至少部分抵消螺旋渐开线结构在轴向上的两端所产生的磁场，从而有效降低电极组件卷绕结构自身产生的磁场，进而降低电化学装置对周围用电设备的干扰。
在一些实施方式中，90°≤θ≤240°。当夹角θ处于上述范围时，第一极片超出第二区域的部分所产生的磁场使位于卷绕内侧的第一极片和位于卷绕外侧的第二极片在轴向上的两端所产生的磁场的抵消效果更好，可以更多地降低电化学装置对周围用电设备所产生的干扰。
在一些实施方式中，电极组件的卷绕圈数为n,满足：3≤n≤40。电极组件的卷绕圈数n在上述范围当中，能够具有良好的消磁效果。
在一些实施方式中，7≤n≤40。当电极组件的卷绕圈数n处于上述范围 时，第一极片超出第二区域较短的情况下，即可使位于卷绕内侧的第一极片和位于卷绕外侧的第二极片在电极组件轴向上的两端所产生的磁场的抵消效果更好，可以在更好地降低电化学装置对周围用电设备所产生的干扰的基础上，进一步提高电化学装置的能量密度。
在一些实施方式中，第一极片为正极极片，第二极片为负极极片。
在一些实施方式中，沿第一极片的宽度方向，电极组件包括呈相对设置的第一侧和第二侧。第一极耳包括第一连接部和第一延展部，第一连接部与第一区域连接，第一延展部和第一连接部连接并位于第一侧；第二极耳包括第二连接部和第二延展部，第二连接部与第二区域连接，第二延展部和第二连接部连接并位于第二侧。上述设置能够降低电极组件中的第一极片和第二极片之间发生相互干涉的风险，同时也能够便于电极组件的安装。
在一些实施方式中，电化学装置还包括电极件和壳体，电极组件设置于壳体内，第一延展部与电极件连接，第二延展部与壳体连接。上述电极件能够方便电化学装置和用电设备的设备主体电连接。
在一些实施方式中，电极组件还包括隔膜，隔膜设于第一极片和第二极片之间，沿所述卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，所述隔膜的卷绕末端超出所述第一极片。上述隔膜设置能够使第一极片和第二极片以及壳体隔离，从而降低电化学装置内部短路的风险。
在一些实施方式中，电化学装置还包括绝缘件，绝缘件设置于壳体和电极组件之间。上述绝缘件可以使第一极片宽度方向的两端与壳体隔离，从而降低电化学装置发生内部短路的风险。
本申请第二方面，还提供一种用电设备，用电设备包括上述任意一实施方式的电化学装置。
上述用电设备通过使用上述任意一实施方式的电化学装置，因此具有较小的电磁干扰。
附图说明
图1为本申请一实施例提供的电化学装置的结构示意图。
图2为本申请一实施例提供的电化学装置的剖视图。
图3为本申请一实施例提供的电极组件的俯视图。
图4为本申请卷绕结构轴向产生磁场示意图。
图5为本申请夹角θ与电极组件上端面和下端面的磁感应强度的关系曲线图。
图6为本申请上端面磁感应强度与卷绕圈数的示意图。
图7为本申请下端面磁感应强度与卷绕圈数的示意图。
图8为本申请一实施例提供的电极组件的结构示意图。
图9为本申请一实施例提供的电化学装置的结构示意图。
图10为本申请一实施例提供的电化学装置的剖视图。
图11为本申请一实施例提供的用电设备的示意图。
主要元件符号说明
用电设备                         1000
电化学装置                       100
电极组件                         10
第一极片                         11
第一区域                         111
第二极片                         12
第二区域                         121
第一侧                           13
第二侧                           14
隔膜                             15
第一极耳                         20
第一连接部                       21
第一延展部                       22
第二极耳                         30
第二连接部                       31
第二延展部                       32
电极件                           40
壳体                             50
顶壁                             51
侧壁                             52
底壁                             53
导电部                           531
容纳空间                         54
密封件                           60
第一连接件                       70
第二连接件                       80
设备主体                         200
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
需要说明的是，当一个组件被认为是“连接”另一个组件，它可以是直接连接到另一个组件或者可能同时存在居中组件。当一个组件被认为是“设于”另一个组件，它可以是直接设置在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。本文所使用的术语“顶”、“底”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
术语“垂直”用于描述两个部件之间的理想状态。实际生产或使用的状态中，两个部件之间可以存在近似于垂直的状态。举例来说，结合数值描述，垂直可以指代两直线之间夹角范围在90±10°之间，垂直也可以指代两平面的二面角范围在90°±10°之间，垂直还可以指代直线与平面之间的夹角范围在90±10°之间。被描述“垂直”的两个部件可以不是绝对的直线、平面，也可以大致呈直线或平面，从宏观来看整体延伸方向为直线或平面即可认为部件为“直线”或“平面”。
术语“平行”用于描述两个部件之间的理想状态。实际生产或使用的状态中，两个部件之间可以存在近似于平行的状态。举例来说，结合数值描述，平行可以指代两直线之间夹角范围在180°±10°之间，平行也可以指代两平面的二面角范围在180°±10°之间，平行还可以指代直线与平面之间的夹角范围在180°±10°之间。被描述“平行”的两个部件可以不是绝对的直线、平面，也可以大致呈直线或平面，从宏观来看整体延伸方向为直线或平面即可认为部件为“直线”或“平面”。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。
本申请公开一种电化学装置，电化学装置包括电极组件，电极组件为卷绕结构，电极组件包括第一极片和第二极片。第一极片的卷绕末端设有第一区域，第一区域连接第一极耳；第二极片的卷绕末端设有第二区域，第二区域连接第二极耳。沿卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，第一极片相对于第二极片位于电极组件的内侧，且第一区域超出第二区域，第一区域超出第二区域的卷绕长度小于一圈。沿第一极片的宽度方向观察，电极组件的卷绕中心至第一区域几何中心的射线，与卷绕中心至第二区域几何中心的射线之间的夹角为θ，满足：30°≤θ≤270°。
本申请的发明人通过研究发现，由于卷绕结构的电池具有螺旋渐开线的特殊结构以及正负极片并非重合的属性，卷绕内侧第一极片的有效电流路径长度会小于卷绕外侧第二极片的有效电流路径，从而在卷绕体两个端面产生较强的轴向磁场。本申请通过延长位于卷绕内侧第一极片的最外圈的有效长度，使第一区域超出第二区域，当电极组件放电产生电流时，第一极片超出第二区域的部分所产生的磁场可以至少部分抵消螺旋渐开线结构在轴向上的两端所产生的磁场，从而有效降低电极组件卷绕结构自身产生的磁场，进而降低电化学装置对周围用电设备的干扰。
下面将结合附图，对本申请的一些实施例做出说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
请参阅图1至图3，本申请实施例提供一种电化学装置100，电化学装置100包括电极组件10，电极组件10为卷绕结构，电极组件10包括第一极片11和第二极片12。沿卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，第一极片11相对于第二极片12位于电极组件10的内侧。第一极耳20用于连接第一极片11，第 二极耳30用于连接第二极片12。
第一极片11和第二极片12之间设置有隔膜15，第一极片11、隔膜15以及第二极片12卷绕形成电极组件10，隔膜15用于隔离第一极片11和第二极片12，降低电化学装置100发生短路的风险。
第一极片11和第二极片12中的一个为正极极片，另一为负极极片，第一极耳20的极性与第一极片11相同，第二极耳30的极性与第二极片12相同。在一些实施例中，第一极耳20为正极极耳，第二极耳30为负极极耳。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图3，第一极片11的卷绕末端设有第一区域111，第一区域111用于连接第一极耳20，第二极片12的卷绕末端设有第二区域121，第二区域121用于连接第二极耳30。沿卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，第一区域111超出第二区域121，且第一区域111超出第二区域121的卷绕长度小于一圈，沿第一极片11的宽度方向观察，电极组件10的卷绕中心至第一区域111的几何中心的射线为L 1，电极组件10的卷绕中心至第二区域121的几何中心的射线为L2，L1与L2之间的夹角为θ，满足：30°≤θ≤270°。为方便理解和描述，参照图中X方向和A方向，X方向为第一极片11的宽度方向，A方向为卷绕方向。
结合图4，在卷绕结构的电极组件10中存在以下公式：
B为磁感应强度，可用来表示磁场的强弱，R为圆形的圆周半径，x为圆心到轴线上点的距离。根据上述公式可以看出，对于同圆心卷绕结构，轴线上的磁场无法完全抵消，总会存在一定强度的磁场。
上述第一极片11通过延长其最外圈的有效长度，使第一极片11的卷绕末端超出第二极片12的卷绕末端，让第一区域111超出第二区域121，当电极组件10放电产生电流时，第一极片11超出第二区域121的部分所产生的磁场可以至少部分抵消多层第一极片11和第二极片12的螺旋渐开线结构在轴向上的两端所产生的磁场，从而有效降低电极组件10卷绕结构自身产生的磁场，降低电化学装置100对周围用电设备的干扰。
在一些实施例中，沿卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，第一极片11的卷绕圈数与第二极片12的卷绕圈数相等，第一极片11的卷绕圈数或者第二极片12的卷绕圈数为电极组件10的卷绕圈数，电极组件10的卷绕圈数为n。
在其他实施例中，沿卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，第一极片11的卷绕末端超出第二极片12的卷绕末端(未图示)。在一些实施例中，第一极片11超出第二极片12的长度大于一圈，使第一极片11的卷绕圈数大于第二极片12的卷绕圈数。
在其他实施例中，沿卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，第二极片12的卷绕末端超出第一极片11的卷绕末端(未图示)。在一些实施例中，第二极片12超出第一极片11的长度大于一圈，使第一极片11的卷绕圈数小于第二极片 12的卷绕圈数。
为了验证本申请对电化学装置100在轴向上所产生的磁场的抵消的效果，做了以下多个对比试验：
试验一：
使第一极片11为正极极片，第二极片12为负极极片，电极组件10的卷绕圈数n为17层，通过改变第二极片12与第二极耳30的焊接位置，从而改变夹角θ。夹角θ为负时，沿卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，第二区域121超出第一区域111；夹角为正时，沿卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，第一区域111超出第二区域121。记录在电极组件10的轴向上，不同夹角θ时位于电极组件10的上端面和下端面的磁感应强度，记录结果如表1和图5。
表1：夹角θ与磁感应强度的关系

其中，表中磁场强度数值的正负代表相反的磁场方向。
在一些实施例中，请参阅表1和图5，夹角为θ满足：90°≤θ≤240°，当夹角θ处于该范围时，第一极片11超出第二区域121的部分所产生的磁场使电极组件10在轴向上的两端所产生的磁场的抵消效果更好，可以更多地降低电化学装置100对周围用电设备所产生的干扰。
试验二:
设置多组电极组件10，每组电极组件10的卷绕圈数n不同，对每组电极组件10均进行试验一，得出记录结果后，对每一组试验结果计算并记录最优夹角，最优夹角是在该组设置的卷绕圈数n的基础上，位于电极组件10的上端面和下端面的磁场强度最小时的夹角，记录结果如表2、图6以及图7。
表2：不同卷绕圈数时的最优夹角
在一些实施例中，请参阅表2、图6以及图7，当满足30°≤θ≤270°，即使卷绕圈数n不同，仍然具有良好的消磁效果，卷绕圈数n满足：3≤n≤40，均具有良好的消磁效果。
在一些实施例中，请参阅表2、图6以及图7，电极组件10的卷绕圈数为n,满足：7≤n≤40。电极组件10的卷绕圈数为n处于该范围时，第一极片11超出第二区域121较短的情况下，即可使位于卷绕内侧的第一极片11和位于卷绕外侧的第二极片12在电极组件10轴向上的两端所产生的磁场的抵消效果更好，可以在更好地降低电化学装置100对周围用电设备所产生的干扰的基础上，进一步提高电化学装置100的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图8，沿卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，隔膜15的卷绕末端超出第一极片11，可以降低第一极片11直接和第二极片12以 及壳体50接触的风险。
在一些实施例中，沿卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，隔膜15的卷绕末端通过粘接件(未图示)与第二极片12连接。以降低隔膜15的卷绕末端发生卷曲的风险。粘接件可以是绝缘胶。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图8，沿第一极片11的宽度方向，电极组件10包括呈相对设置的第一侧13和第二侧14。第一极耳20包括第一连接部21和第一延展部22，第一连接部21与第一区域111连接，第一延展部22和第一连接部21连接并位于第一侧13。第二极耳30包括第二连接部31和第二延展部32，第二连接部31与第二区域121连接，第二延展部32和第二连接部31连接并位于第二侧14。
第一极耳20和第二极耳30分别位于电极组件10相对的两侧，可以降低第一极耳20和第二极耳30之间发生相互干涉的风险，也可以便于电极组件10的安装连接。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图9和图10，第一连接部21和第一延展部22之间呈夹角设置，在一些实施例中，第二连接部31和第二延展部32之间呈夹角设置。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图10，电化学装置100还包括壳体50，壳体50包括顶壁51、侧壁52以及底壁53，顶壁51和底壁53均与侧壁52连接，顶壁51、侧壁52以及底壁53围设形成有容纳空间54，电极组件10、第一极耳20以及第二极耳30均收容于容纳空间54内。壳体50可以起到保护电极组件10的作用，降低第一极片11和第二极片12直接和外部结构直接接触的风险。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图10，电化学装置100还包括电极件40，电极件40的部分设置于容纳空间54内，以与第一延展部22连接，使电极件40与第一极耳20电连接，电极件40的部分设置于容纳空间54外。电极件40的形状可以是柱状、半球状、片状或者以上多种结合的形状，在此不做具体的限定。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图10，电化学装置100还包括密封件60，密封件60设置于电极件40和壳体50之间，电极件40通过密封件60与顶壁51绝缘连接，从而降低电化学装置100发生短路的风险。电极件40可以设置为铜或者铁等导电金属，密封件60可以是密封胶。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件(图未示)设置在容纳空间54，并位于电极组件10和壳体50之间，上述绝缘件可以使第一极片11宽度方向的两端与壳体50隔离，从而降低电化学装置100发生内部短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，底壁53上设置有导电部531，第二延展部32与导电部531连接，使第二极耳30与导电部531电连接。在一些实施例中，导电部531设置为铜或者铁等导电金属。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图10，电化学装置100还包括第一连接件70和第二连接件80。第一连接件70至少部分位于容纳空间54外并与电极件40 连接，使第一连接件70与第一极耳20电连接，第二连接件80至少部分位于容纳空间54外并与导电部531电连接，使第二连接件80与第二极耳30电连接。
请参阅图11，本申请中的实施例还提供一种用电设备1000，该用电设备1000包括设备主体200以及上述电化学装置100。由于本用电设备1000采用了上述电化学装置100任一实施例的技术方案，因此至少具有上述电化学装置100任一实施例的技术方案所带来的有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。
其中，电化学装置100中的第一连接件70和第二连接件80可以用于和用电设备1000的设备主体200电连接，使得电化学装置100可以和设备主体200电连接，给设备主体200供电。
本申请中的用电设备1000可以是，但不限于，钟表、照明灯、计算器、耳机、电子书播放器、玩具、游戏机、录像机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、便携式电话、便携CD机、电子记事本、便携式录音机、收音机等。
另外，本技术领域的普通技术人员应当认识到，以上的实施例仅是用来说明本申请，而并非用作为对本申请的限定，只要在本申请的实质精神范围之内，对以上实施例所作的适当改变和变化都落在本申请公开的范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电化学装置，包括电极组件，所述电极组件为卷绕结构，所述电极组件包括：
    第一极片，所述第一极片的卷绕末端设有第一区域，所述第一区域连接第一极耳；
    第二极片，所述第二极片的卷绕末端设有第二区域，所述第二区域连接第二极耳；
    其特征在于：
    沿所述卷绕结构由内到外的卷绕方向，所述第一极片相对于所述第二极片位于所述电极组件的内侧，且所述第一区域超出所述第二区域，所述第一区域超出所述第二区域的卷绕长度小于一圈；
    沿所述第一极片的宽度方向观察，所述电极组件的卷绕中心至所述第一区域几何中心的射线，与所述卷绕中心至所述第二区域几何中心的射线之间的夹角为θ，满足：30°≤θ≤270°。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，90°≤θ≤240°。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电极组件的卷绕圈数为n,满足：3≤n≤40。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，7≤n≤40。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一极片为正极极片，所述第二极片为负极极片。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，沿所述第一极片的宽度方向，所述电极组件包括呈相对设置的第一侧和第二侧；
    所述第一极耳包括第一连接部和第一延展部，所述第一连接部与所述第一区域连接，所述第一延展部和所述第一连接部连接并位于所述第一侧；
    所述第二极耳包括第二连接部和第二延展部，所述第二连接部与所述第二区域连接，所述第二延展部和所述第二连接部连接并位于所述第二侧。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电化学装置还包括电极件和壳体，所述电极组件设置于所述壳体内，所述第一延展部与所述电极件连接，所述第二延展部与所述壳体连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电极组件还包括隔膜，所述隔膜设于所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间，沿所述卷绕结构 由内到外的卷绕方向，所述隔膜的卷绕末端超出所述第一极片。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电化学装置还包括绝缘件，所述绝缘件设置于所述壳体和所述电极组件之间。
  10. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的电化学装置。
PCT/CN2023/076839 2022-03-04 2023-02-17 电化学装置以及用电设备 WO2023165349A1 (zh)

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