WO2021146870A1 - 电极组件和电池 - Google Patents

电极组件和电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021146870A1
WO2021146870A1 PCT/CN2020/073334 CN2020073334W WO2021146870A1 WO 2021146870 A1 WO2021146870 A1 WO 2021146870A1 CN 2020073334 W CN2020073334 W CN 2020073334W WO 2021146870 A1 WO2021146870 A1 WO 2021146870A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tab
electrode assembly
pole piece
pole
unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/073334
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田姣
许玉江
曾巧
Original Assignee
宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/073334 priority Critical patent/WO2021146870A1/zh
Priority to CN202080004320.8A priority patent/CN112534610A/zh
Priority to EP20914835.2A priority patent/EP4080598A4/en
Priority to US17/794,940 priority patent/US20230096112A1/en
Priority to CA3165205A priority patent/CA3165205A1/en
Publication of WO2021146870A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021146870A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/534—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the material of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/665—Composites
    • H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0459—Cells or batteries with folded separator between plate-like electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/54—Connection of several leads or tabs of plate-like electrode stacks, e.g. electrode pole straps or bridges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to an electrode assembly and a battery with the electrode assembly.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electrode assembly, which includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece and an isolation membrane.
  • the polarity of the second pole piece is opposite to the polarity of the first pole piece, and the isolation film is arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • a plurality of the first pole pieces and a plurality of the second pole pieces are stacked to form the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a first tab, a second tab, and a third tab, the first tab is disposed on the first tab, and the second tab and the third tab are disposed ⁇ The second pole piece.
  • the three tabs can be set as two positive tabs and one negative tab, or two negative tabs and one positive tab.
  • the multiple tabs are shunted in parallel to reduce temperature rise of the electrode assembly.
  • the plurality of second pole pieces include a first pole piece unit and a second pole piece unit, the second pole piece is disposed on the first pole piece unit, and the third pole piece unit The ear is arranged on the second pole piece unit.
  • the second tab and the third tab are arranged on the same second tab.
  • the projection of the first tab on the first pole piece is located on the projection of the second tab and the third tab on the first pole piece between.
  • the second tab protrudes from the first end of the electrode assembly, and the third tab protrudes from the second end of the electrode assembly. End stretched out.
  • the first tab includes a plurality of first tab units, and the plurality of first tab units are respectively disposed on the plurality of first pole pieces; In the thickness direction, the plurality of first tab units are stacked to form the first tab.
  • a fixing member is arranged between the plurality of first tab units, and the fixing member is used to connect the plurality of first tab units to form the first tab.
  • first tab unit and the first tab are integrally formed.
  • the projection of the first tab unit disposed on the nth first pole piece on the first pole piece is the same as the projection of the first tab unit disposed on the nth pole piece on the first pole piece.
  • the projections of the first tab units on the first pole piece units overlap, thereby increasing the gap between adjacent first tab units and improving the heat dissipation performance of the first tab units.
  • the end of the first tab protruding from the electrode assembly is provided with at least two electrical connection parts, and the at least two electrical connection parts are spaced apart from each other and used to connect to an external circuit, so that the One pole ear is divided into two pole ears with the same polarity to further divide the current and improve the overcurrent capability of the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a fourth tab, and the fourth tab is disposed on the first pole piece or the second pole piece along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly, The projection of the fourth tab on the first tab does not overlap with the projections of the first tab, the second tab, and the third tab on the first tab.
  • the first tab protrudes from the first end of the electrode assembly, and the second tab and the third tab extend from the electrode assembly. The second end of the electrode assembly protrudes.
  • the surface of the first tab or the surface of the third tab is plated with a metal material capable of brazing, so as to improve the performance of the tab including the current-carrying capacity.
  • the metal material capable of brazing is nickel.
  • the material of the first tab or the third tab can be selected from copper, nickel, or copper-plated nickel.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery, the battery packaging body and the electrode assembly of any one of the above, the packaging body houses the electrode assembly, the first tab and the second tab And the third tab protrudes out of the packaging body.
  • the battery includes a connector, and the connector is provided on the outer surface of the electrode assembly for connecting the packaging body and the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly is provided with a first tab, a second tab, and a third tab, so that the electrode assembly has a multi tab structure, and the multi tabs are used for shunting in parallel to achieve the purpose of improving battery overcurrent capability and reducing temperature rise.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the electrode assembly in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pole piece and the second pole lug of the electrode assembly of FIG. 1 in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the electrode assembly of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the laminated structure of the electrode assembly of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pole piece and the second pole piece in the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the electrode assembly in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the electrode assembly in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first tab and the second tab of the electrode assembly of FIG. 7 in the third embodiment.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the electrode assembly of Fig. 7 in the third embodiment.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pole piece and the second pole piece in the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the electrode assembly in the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pole piece and the second pole piece of the electrode assembly of FIG. 11 in the fifth embodiment.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the electrode assembly of Fig. 11 in the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the electrode assembly in the sixth embodiment.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the laminated structure of the electrode assembly in the seventh embodiment.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the laminated structure of the electrode assembly in the eighth embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery in the ninth embodiment.
  • the first pole piece unit 21 is the first pole piece unit 21
  • Packaging body 201
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electrode assembly, which includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece and an isolation membrane.
  • the polarity of the second pole piece is opposite to the polarity of the first pole piece, and the isolation film is arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • a plurality of the first pole pieces and a plurality of the second pole pieces are stacked to form the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a first tab, a second tab, and a third tab, the first tab is disposed on the first tab, and the second tab and the third tab are disposed ⁇ The second pole piece.
  • the projections of the first tab, the second tab, and the third tab on the first tab do not overlap.
  • the electrode assembly is provided with a first tab, a second tab, and a third tab, so that the electrode assembly has a multi tab structure, and the multi tabs are used for shunting in parallel to achieve the purpose of improving battery overcurrent capability and reducing temperature rise.
  • the electrode assembly 100 includes a first pole piece 10, a second pole piece 20 and an isolation film 30.
  • the polarity of the second pole piece 20 is opposite to the polarity of the first pole piece 10, and the isolation film 30 is disposed between the first pole piece 10 and the second pole piece 20.
  • the plurality of first pole pieces 10 and the plurality of second pole pieces 20 are stacked to form the electrode assembly 100.
  • the electrode assembly 100 further includes a first tab 40, a second tab 50, and a third tab 60.
  • the first tab 40 is disposed on the first tab 10, and the second tab 50 and The third tab 60 is disposed on the second tab 20.
  • the projections of the first tab 40, the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 on the first tab 10 do not overlap.
  • the three tabs can be configured as two positive tabs and one negative tab, or two negative tabs and one tab.
  • the multiple tabs are shunted in parallel to reduce the temperature rise of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the material of the negative electrode ear can be copper, nickel, or copper-nickel-plated material.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 when the electrode assembly 100 is unfolded, a plurality of first pole pieces 10 and a plurality of second pole pieces 20 are alternately arranged on the isolation membrane 30, and the first electrode ears 40 are arranged therein One piece of first pole piece 10, the second pole piece 50 and the third pole piece 60 are arranged on the same piece of the second pole piece 20.
  • Z-folding or stacking the isolation film 30 a plurality of first pole pieces 10 and a plurality of second pole pieces 20 are laminated and arranged, and the isolation film 30 is arranged between the first pole piece 10 and the second pole piece 20 between.
  • FIG. 3 shows a first pole piece 10 and a second pole piece 20 as an example, and other first pole pieces 10 and second pole pieces 20 arranged on the isolation membrane 30 are omitted in FIG. 3.
  • the plurality of first pole pieces 10 are electrically connected, and the plurality of second pole pieces 20 are also electrically connected, and the first pole piece 10 and the second pole piece 20 are separated by the isolation
  • the film 30 realizes insulation isolation.
  • the direction indicated by arrow A in FIG. 1 is the length direction of the electrode assembly 100
  • the direction indicated by arrow B in FIG. 4 is the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the first tab 40, the second tab 50, and the third tab 60 are all located at the same end in the length direction of the electrode assembly 100 and protrude.
  • the projection of the first tab 40 on the first pole piece 10 is located on the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 on the first pole. Between the projections on the film 10.
  • the projection of the second tab 50 on the first pole piece 10 may be between the first tab 40 and the third tab 60, or the third tab
  • the projection of 60 on the first pole piece 10 may be between the first pole 40 and the second pole 50, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the electrode assembly 100 further includes a sealing member 103, which is arranged at the connection between the tab and the tab. On the one hand, it increases the strength of the tab and prevents the tab from breaking, and on the other hand, it is beneficial to the electrode assembly. 100 for the subsequent packaging process. In order to avoid a short circuit, the distance between adjacent sealing members 103 is at least 1 mm.
  • the sealing member 103 can be selected from sealant, double-sided adhesive, hot melt adhesive, and the like.
  • the surface of the first tab 40 is plated with a metal material capable of soldering, which not only improves the performance of the tab including the current-carrying capacity, but also facilitates the welding of the first tab 40 with an external circuit.
  • the metal material capable of brazing is preferably a nickel metal material
  • the structure of the first tab 40 is preferably a copper-nickel-plated structure.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment.
  • the plurality of second pole pieces 20 includes a first pole piece unit 21 and The second pole piece unit 22, the second pole piece 50 is disposed on the first pole piece unit 21, and the third pole piece 60 is disposed on the second pole piece unit 22.
  • the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 are respectively disposed on different second pole pieces 20, which is beneficial to improve the manufacturability of the electrode assembly 100, and is suitable for the case where the width of the electrode assembly 100 is narrow.
  • the direction indicated by arrow C in FIG. 4 is the width direction of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the first pole piece unit 21, the first pole piece 10, and the second pole piece unit 22 are stacked, and along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100, the projection of the first pole piece 40 on the first pole piece 10 It is still located between the projections of the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 on the first pole piece 10.
  • the other structure of the electrode assembly 100 of the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the third embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the difference is that in the third embodiment, in the length direction of the electrode assembly 100, the first A tab 40 protrudes from the first end 101 of the electrode assembly 100, and the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 protrude from the second end 102 of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 can be provided on the same second pole piece 20 or on different second pole pieces 20, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the first pole piece 10 of the first embodiment is rotated 180° horizontally to obtain the laminated structure of the third embodiment.
  • the arrangement of the tabs of the third embodiment is suitable for the case where the width of the electrode assembly 100 is small, to avoid interference in the projection of the first tab 40, the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 on the first tab 10, It is not conducive to the subsequent tab bending process.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the fourth embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, the difference is that in the fourth embodiment, in the length direction of the electrode assembly 100, the second tab is from the The first end 101 of the electrode assembly 100 protrudes, and the third tab 60 protrudes from the second end 102 of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 are both arranged on the same second pole piece 20.
  • the second tab is disposed on the first side 23 of the second pole piece 20
  • the third tab 60 is disposed on the second side 24 of the second pole piece 20.
  • the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 can also be provided on different second tabs 20 to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the fifth embodiment is substantially the same as that of the third embodiment.
  • the electrode assembly 100 further includes a fourth tab 70.
  • the fourth tab 70 is disposed on the first pole piece 10 or the second pole piece 20, and along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100, the fourth tab 70 is located on the first pole piece 10
  • the projection on the first pole piece 10 does not overlap with the projection of the first pole piece 40, the second pole piece 50 and the third pole piece 60.
  • Figures 12 and 13 take the fourth tab 70 as an example that is disposed on the first pole piece 10.
  • the fourth tab 70 and the first tab 40 can respectively protrude from different ends of the electrode assembly 100. This application is not limited to this.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the sixth embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that at least two electrical connection portions 42 are provided at one end of the first tab 40 extending out of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the at least two electrical connection parts 42 are spaced apart from each other and are used to connect an external circuit, so that the first tab 40 is divided into two tabs with the same polarity, so as to further divide the current and improve the overcurrent capability of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the electrical connection portion 42 can be formed by welding a lug adapter on the first lug 40, or can be formed by cutting the first lug 40. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the number of the electrical connection portions 42 may be more than two, and the application is not limited thereto. By analogy, multiple electrical connections may also be provided on the second tab 50 and the third tab 60.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the seventh embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the first tab 40 includes a plurality of first tab units 41.
  • the first pole ear units 41 are respectively disposed on the plurality of first pole pieces 10.
  • the plurality of first tab units 41 are stacked to form the first tab 40.
  • a fixing member is arranged between the plurality of first tab units 41, and the fixing member is used to connect the plurality of first tab units 41 to form the first tab.
  • the fixing member can be made of adhesive materials such as double-sided tape and hot melt adhesive.
  • the first tab unit 41 and the first tab 10 are integrally formed.
  • the first pole piece 10 with the first tab unit 41 can be formed by cutting the raw material of the first pole piece 10.
  • the first tab unit 41 may be installed on the first tab 10 by welding, and the application is not limited thereto.
  • the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 can also be arranged in a multi-layer stacked structure, and the arrangement method is similar to the first tab 40, which will not be repeated here.
  • the electrode assembly 100 of the eighth embodiment is substantially the same as the seventh embodiment.
  • the difference is that in the eighth embodiment, along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100, the first pole pieces 10 on two adjacent first pole pieces 10 The projections of one ear unit 41 do not overlap.
  • the projection of the first tab unit 41 disposed on the n-th first pole piece 10 on the first pole piece 10 is the same as the projection of the first tab unit 41 disposed on the n-th pole piece 10 in the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 100. +2 projections of the first tab unit 41 on the first pole piece 10 overlap.
  • the first tab unit 41 on the first pole piece 10 of the first layer is set to the left, and the first tab unit 41 on the first pole piece 10 of the second layer is set to the right.
  • the first tab unit 41 on the first pole piece 10 of the third layer is again set to the left and aligned with the first tab unit 41 on the first pole piece 10 of the first layer, and on the first pole piece 10 of the fourth layer
  • the first tab unit 41 of the second layer is again set to the right and aligned with the first tab unit 41 on the first pole piece 10 of the second layer, and so on.
  • This arrangement can increase the gap between the adjacent first tab units 41 and can improve the heat dissipation performance of the first tab 40.
  • a ninth embodiment provides a battery 200, including a packaging body 201 and the electrode assembly 100 in any of the above embodiments, the packaging body 201 houses the electrode assembly 100, and the first tab 40 The second tab 50 and the third tab 60 extend out of the packaging body 201.
  • the sealing member 103 is located at the connection between the first tab 40, the second tab 50, and the third tab 60 and the packaging body 201 to fill the first tab 40, The gap between the second tab 50 and the third tab 60 and the packaging body 201 prevents electrolyte, chemical slurry, etc. from flowing out of the packaging body 201.
  • the battery 200 includes a connector 202 disposed on the outer surface of the electrode assembly 100 for connecting the packaging body 201 and the electrode assembly 100.
  • the connecting member 202 may be double-sided adhesive or hot melt adhesive attached to the outer surface of the electrode assembly 100.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种电极组件，包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜，所述隔离膜设置在所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间。多个所述第一极片和多个所述第二极片层叠设置。所述电极组件还包括设置于第一极片上的第一极耳、设置于第二极片上的第二极耳和第三极耳。所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳在第一极片上的投影不重叠。上述电极组件通过设置多极耳结构，实现提高电池过流能力、降低温升的目的。本申请还提供一种具有上述电极组件的电池。

Description

电极组件和电池 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，尤其涉及一种电极组件和具有该电极组件的电池。
背景技术
随着5G的应用，消费者对智能手机、平板电脑等便携式电子产品的电池性能要求越来越高。现有电池中存在电池及整机温升高的问题，过高的温度会降低电池和电子产品的使用性能。现有电池采用双极耳结构，电池的整体过流能力不能得到提升，因此电池和整机的温升仍然较高。
发明内容
鉴于上述状况，有必要提供一种能够提高电池过流能力、降低温升的电极组件和具有该电极组件的电池。
本申请实施例提供了一种电极组件，其包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜。所述第二极片的极性与所述第一极片的极性相反，所述隔离膜设置在所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间。多个所述第一极片和多个所述第二极片层叠设置，以形成所述电极组件。所述电极组件还包括第一极耳、第二极耳和第三极耳，所述第一极耳设置于所述第一极片，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳设置于所述第二极片。沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳在第一极片上的投影不重叠。三个极耳可以设置成两个正极耳一个负极耳，或两个负极耳一个正极耳，通过多极耳并联分流，降低电极组件的温升。
在一可选实施例中，所述多个第二极片包括第一极片单元和第二极片单元，所述第二极耳设置于所述第一极片单元，所述第三极耳设置于所述第二极片单元。
在一可选实施例中，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳设置于同一片所述第二极片。
进一步地，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一极耳在所述第一极片上的投影位于所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳在所述第一极片上的投影之间。
在一可选实施例中，在所述电极组件的长度方向上，所述第二极耳从所述电极组件的第一端伸出，所述第三极耳从所述电极组件的第二端伸出。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一极耳包括多个第一极耳单元，所述多个第一极耳单元分别设置于所述多个第一极片；沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述多个第一极耳单元层叠设置以形成所述第一极耳。
进一步地，所述多个第一极耳单元之间设置固定件，所述固定件用于连接所述多个第一极耳单元以形成所述第一极耳。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一极耳单元与所述第一极片一体成型。
在一可选实施例中，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，设置于第n个所述第一极片上的第一极耳单元在所述第一极片上的投影与设置于第n+2个所述第一极片单元上的第一极耳单元的投影重叠，从而增加相邻第一极耳单元之间的间隙，提高第一极耳的散热性能。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一极耳伸出所述电极组件的一端设有至少两个电连接部，所述至少两个电连接部相互间隔并用于连接外部电路，从而使第一极耳分化成两个极性相同的极耳，进一步分化电流，提高电极组件的过流能力。
在一可选实施例中，所述电极组件还包括第四极耳，所述第四极耳设置于所述第一极片或所述第二极片，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第四极耳在所述第一极片上的投影与所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳在所述第一极片上的投影不重叠。
在一可选实施例中，所述电极组件的长度方向上，所述第一极耳从所述电极组件的第一端伸出，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳从所述电极组件的第二端伸出。
在一可选实施例中，所述第一极耳的表面或者第三极耳的表面镀有能够进行钎焊的金属材料，以提升极耳包括载流能力在内的极耳性能。
在一可选实施例中，所述能够进行钎焊的金属材料为镍。
在一可选实施例中，第一极耳或者第三极耳的材质可以选自铜、镍，或者铜镀镍。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池，所述电池包装体和上述任一项所述的电极组件，所述包装体收容所述电极组件，所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳伸出所述包装体。
进一步地，所述电池包括连接件，所述连接件设置于所述电极组件的外表面，用于连接所述包装体与所述电极组件。
上述电极组件通过设置第一极耳、第二极耳和第三极耳，使电极组件表现为多极耳结构，利用多极耳并联分流，实现提高电池过流能力、降低温升的目的。
附图说明
图1为电极组件在第一实施例中的外观结构示意图。
图2为图1电极组件的第一极片和第二极耳在第一实施例中的结构示意图。
图3为图1电极组件的展开结构示意图。
图4为图1电极组件的叠片结构示意图。
图5为第一极片和第二极片在第二实施例中的结构示意图。
图6为电极组件在第二实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图7为电极组件在第三实施例中的外观结构示意图。
图8为图7电极组件的第一极耳和第二极耳在第三实施例中的结构示意图。
图9为图7电极组件在第三实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图10为第一极片和第二极片在第四实施例中的结构示意图。
图11为电极组件在第五实施例中的外观结构示意图。
图12为图11电极组件的第一极片和第二极片在第五实施例中的结构示意图。
图13为图11电极组件在第五实施例中的展开结构示意图。
图14为电极组件在第六实施例中的外观结构示意图。
图15为电极组件在第七实施例中的叠片结构示意图。
图16为电极组件在第八实施例中的叠片结构示意图。
图17为电池在第九实施例中的结构示意图。
主要元件符号说明：
电极组件                 100
第一端                   101
第二端                   102
密封件                   103
第一极片                 10
第二极片                 20
第一极片单元             21
第二极片单元             22
第一侧                   23
第二侧                   24
隔离膜                   30
第一极耳                 40
第一极耳单元             41
电连接部                 42
第二极耳                 50
第三极耳                 60
第四极耳                 70
电池                     200
包装体                   201
连接件                   202
具体实施方式：
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。当一个元件被认为是“设置于”另一个元件，它可以是直接设置在另一个元件上或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请 的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“或/及”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本申请实施例提供了一种电极组件，其包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜。所述第二极片的极性与所述第一极片的极性相反，所述隔离膜设置在所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间。多个所述第一极片和多个所述第二极片层叠设置，以形成所述电极组件。所述电极组件还包括第一极耳、第二极耳和第三极耳，所述第一极耳设置于所述第一极片，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳设置于所述第二极片。沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳在第一极片上的投影不重叠。
上述电极组件通过设置第一极耳、第二极耳和第三极耳，使电极组件表现为多极耳结构，利用多极耳并联分流，实现提高电池过流能力、降低温升的目的。
本申请的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施方式及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。
第一实施例
请参阅图1和图2，电极组件100包括第一极片10、第二极片20和隔离膜30。所述第二极片20的极性与所述第一极片10的极性相反，所述隔离膜30设置在所述第一极片10和所述第二极片20之间。多个所述第一极片10和多个所述第二极片20层叠设置，以形成所述电极组件100。所述电极组件100还包括第一极耳40、第二极耳50和第三极耳60，所述第一极耳40设置于所述第一极片10，所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60设置于所述第二极片20。沿所述电极组件100的厚度方向，所述第一极耳40、所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60在第一极片10上的投影不重叠。三个极耳可以设置成两个正极耳一个负极耳，或两个负极耳一个正极耳，通过多 极耳并联分流，降低电极组件100的温升。根据本申请的一个实施例，负极耳的材质可以选择铜、镍、或者铜镀镍材料。
请参阅图3和图4，在电极组件100的展开情况下，多个第一极片10和多个第二极片20交替设置在隔离膜30上，所述第一极耳40设置于其中一片第一极片10，所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60设置于同一片所述第二极片20。通过将隔离膜30进行Z型折叠或堆叠，使多个第一极片10与多个第二极片20层叠设置，并且使隔离膜30设置在第一极片10与第二极片20之间。图3展示了一片第一极片10和一片第二极片20作为示例，其他设置在隔离膜30上的第一极片10和第二极片20在图3中省略。多个所述第一极片10之间电连接，多个所述第二极片20之间也电连接，所述第一极片10与所述第二极片20之间通过所述隔离膜30实现绝缘隔离。
图1中箭头A指示的方向为电极组件100的长度方向，图4中箭头B指示的方向为电极组件100的厚度方向。在第一实施例中，第一极耳40、第二极耳50和第三极耳60均位于所述电极组件100长度方向的同一端伸出。沿所述电极组件100的厚度方向，所述第一极耳40在所述第一极片10上的投影位于所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60在所述第一极片10上的投影之间。可以理解，在其他实施例中，所述第二极耳50在第一极片10上的投影可以在所述第一极耳40和第三极耳60之间，或者所述第三极耳60在第一极片10上的投影可以在所述第一极耳40和第二极耳50之间，本申请不限定于此。
进一步地，所述电极组件100还包括密封件103，所述密封件103设置于极耳与极片的连接处，一方面增加极耳的强度，避免极耳折断，另一方面有利于电极组件100进行后续的包装制程。为了避免发生短路情况，相邻密封件103之间的间距至少为1mm。所述密封件103可以选用密封胶、双面胶、热熔胶等。
进一步地，所述第一极耳40表面镀有能够进行钎焊的金属材料，既提升极耳包括载流能力在内的极耳性能，又方便第一极耳40与外部电路进行焊接。在本申请的实施例中，能够进行钎焊的金属材料优选为镍金属材料，所述第一极耳40的结构优选为铜镀镍结构。
第二实施例
请参阅图5和图6，第二实施例的电极组件100与第一实施例大致相同，区别在于，第二实施例中，所述多个第二极片20包括第一极片单元21和第二极片单元22，所述第二极耳50设置于所述第一极片单元21，所述第三极耳60设置于所述第二极片单元22。换句话说，第二极耳50和第三极耳60分别设置于不同的第二极片20，有利于提高电极组件100的可制造性，适用于电极组件100的宽度较窄的情况。图4中箭头C指示的方向为电极组件100的宽度方向。
第一极片单元21、第一极片10和第二极片单元22层叠设置，沿所述电极组件100的厚度方向，所述第一极耳40在所述第一极片10上的投影仍然位于所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60在所述第一极片10上的投影之间。第二实施例的电极组件100的其他结构与第一实施例大致相同，此处不再赘述。
第三实施例
请参阅图7、图8和图9，第三实施例的电极组件100与第一实施例大致相同，区别在于，第三实施例中，在所述电极组件100的长度方向上，所述第一极耳40从所述电极组件100的第一端101伸出，所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60从所述电极组件100的第二端102伸出。第二极耳50和第三极耳60既可以设置于同一片第二极片20上，也可以设置于不同的第二极片20上，本申请不限定于此。
以图3和图9的视角，将第一实施例的第一极片10水平旋转 180°即可得到第三实施例的叠片结构。第三实施例的极耳设置方式适用于电极组件100宽度较小的情况，避免第一极耳40、第二极耳50和第三极耳60在第一极片10上的投影发生干涉，不利于后续的极耳折弯制程。
第四实施例
请参阅图10，第四实施例的电极组件100与第一实施例大致相同，区别在于，第四实施例中，在所述电极组件100的长度方向上，所述第二极耳从所述电极组件100的第一端101伸出，所述第三极耳60从所述电极组件100的第二端102伸出。
在第四实施例中，第二极耳50和第三极耳60均设置于同一片第二极片20。沿电极组件100的长度方向，所述第二极耳设置于所述第二极片20的第一侧23，所述第三极耳60设置于所述第二极片20的第二侧24，从而使叠片过程完成后，第二极耳50和第三极耳60分别从电极组件100的不同端伸出。
可以理解，在其他实施例中，第二极耳50和第三极耳60还可以设置于不同的第二极片20，以降低电极组件100的制造难度。
第五实施例
请参阅图11、图12和图13，第五实施例的电极组件100与第三实施例大致相同，区别在于，第五实施例中，所述电极组件100还包括第四极耳70。所述第四极耳70设置于所述第一极片10或所述第二极片20，沿所述电极组件100的厚度方向，所述第四极耳70在所述第一极片10上的投影与所述第一极耳40、所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60在所述第一极片10上的投影不重叠。图12和图13以第四极耳70设置于第一极片10为示范，在其他实施例中，第四极耳70可以与第一极耳40分别从电极组件100的不同端伸出，本申请不限定于此。
第六实施例
请参阅图14，第六实施例的电极组件100与第一实施例大致相同，区别在于，所述第一极耳40伸出所述电极组件100的一端设有至少两个电连接部42，所述至少两个电连接部42相互间隔并用于连接外部电路，使第一极耳40分化成两个极性相同的极耳，从而进一步分化电流，提高电极组件100的过流能力。所述电连接部42可以通过在第一极耳40上焊接极耳转接件形成，也可以通过裁切第一极耳40形成。可以理解，在其他实施例中，电连接部42的数量可以多于两个，本申请不限定于此。以此类推，第二极耳50、第三极耳60上也可以设置多个电连接部。
第七实施例
请参阅图15，第七实施例的电极组件100与第一实施例大致相同，区别在于，第一实施例中，所述第一极耳40包括多个第一极耳单元41，所述多个第一极耳单元41分别设置于所述多个第一极片10。沿所述电极组件100的厚度方向，所述多个第一极耳单元41层叠设置以形成所述第一极耳40。
进一步地，所述多个第一极耳单元41之间设置固定件，所述固定件用于连接所述多个第一极耳单元41以形成所述第一极耳。所述固定件可以选用双面胶、热熔胶等具有粘合性的材料。
所述第一极耳单元41与所述第一极片10一体成型。具体地，可以通过裁切第一极片10的原材料形成带有第一极耳单元41的第一极片10。在其他实施例中，所述第一极耳单元41可以通过焊接的方式设置于第一极片10，本申请不限定于此。
可以理解，第二极耳50和第三极耳60也可以设置成多层堆叠的结构，设置方式与第一极耳40类似，这里不再赘述。
第八实施例
请参阅图16，第八实施例的电极组件100与第七实施例大致相同，区别在于，第八实施例中，沿电极组件100的厚度方向，相邻 两个第一极片10上的第一极耳单元41的投影不重叠。换句话说，沿所述电极组件100的厚度方向，设置于第n个所述第一极片10上的第一极耳单元41在所述第一极片10上的投影与设置于第n+2个所述第一极片10上的第一极耳单元41的投影重叠。
以图16的视角为例进行解释说明，第一层第一极片10上的第一极耳单元41偏左设置，第二层第一极片10上的第一极耳单元41偏右设置，第三层第一极片10上的第一极耳单元41再次偏左设置并且与第一层第一极片10上的第一极耳单元41对齐，第四层第一极片10上的第一极耳单元41再次偏右设置并且与第二层第一极片10上的第一极耳单元41对齐，以此类推。此种设置方式可以增加相邻第一极耳单元41之间的间隙，有利用提高第一极耳40的散热性能。
第九实施例
请参阅图17，第九实施例提供一种电池200，包括包装体201和上述任一实施例中的电极组件100，所述包装体201收容所述电极组件100，所述第一极耳40、所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60伸出所述包装体201。所述密封件103位于所述第一极耳40、所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60与所述包装体201的连接处，以填补所述第一极耳40、所述第二极耳50和所述第三极耳60与所述包装体201之间的间隙，防止电解质、化学浆料等从包装体201中流出。
进一步地，所述电池200包括连接件202，所述连接件202设置于所述电极组件100的外表面，用于连接所述包装体201与所述电极组件100。所述连接件202可以是贴附在所述电极组件100外表面的双面胶或热熔胶。
以上实施方式仅用以说明本申请的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照以上较佳实施方式对本申请进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解，可以对本申请的技术方案进行修改或等同替换都不应脱离本申请技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种电极组件，包括：
    第一极片；
    第二极片，所述第二极片的极性与所述第一极片的极性相反；和
    隔离膜，设置在所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间；
    其特征在于，多个所述第一极片和多个所述第二极片层叠设置，以形成所述电极组件；
    所述电极组件还包括第一极耳、第二极耳和第三极耳，所述第一极耳设置于所述第一极片，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳设置于所述第二极片；
    沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳在第一极片上的投影不重叠。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述多个第二极片包括第一极片单元和第二极片单元，所述第二极耳设置于所述第一极片单元，所述第三极耳设置于所述第二极片单元。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳设置于同一片所述第二极片。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电极组件，其特征在于，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第一极耳在所述第一极片上的投影位于所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳在所述第一极片上的投影之间。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，在所述电极组件的长度方向上，所述第二极耳从所述电极组件的第一端伸出，所述第三极耳从所述电极组件的第二端伸出。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一极耳包括多个第一极耳单元，所述多个第一极耳单元分别设置于所述多个第一极片；沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述多个第一极耳单元层叠 设置以形成所述第一极耳。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述多个第一极耳单元之间设置固定件，所述固定件用于连接所述多个第一极耳单元以形成所述第一极耳。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一极耳单元与所述第一极片一体成型。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的电极组件，其特征在于，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，设置于第n个所述第一极片上的第一极耳单元在所述第一极片上的投影与设置于第n+2个所述第一极片单元上的第一极耳单元的投影重叠。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一极耳伸出所述电极组件的一端设有至少两个电连接部，所述至少两个电连接部相互间隔并用于连接外部电路。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述电极组件还包括第四极耳，所述第四极耳设置于所述第一极片或所述第二极片，沿所述电极组件的厚度方向，所述第四极耳在所述第一极片上的投影与所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳在所述第一极片上的投影不重叠。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述电极组件的长度方向上，所述第一极耳从所述电极组件的第一端伸出，所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳从所述电极组件的第二端伸出。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一极耳的表面或者所述第三极耳的表面镀有能够进行钎焊的金属材料。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述能够进行钎焊的金属材料为镍。
  15. 一种电池，包括电极组件和包装体，其特征在于，所述电极组件为权利要求1-14任一项所述的电极组件，所述包装体收容所述电 极组件，所述第一极耳、所述第二极耳和所述第三极耳伸出所述包装体。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池包括连接件，所述连接件设置于所述电极组件的外表面，用于连接所述包装体与所述电极组件。
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