WO2021120541A1 - 镀膜设备及其镀膜方法 - Google Patents

镀膜设备及其镀膜方法 Download PDF

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WO2021120541A1
WO2021120541A1 PCT/CN2020/095076 CN2020095076W WO2021120541A1 WO 2021120541 A1 WO2021120541 A1 WO 2021120541A1 CN 2020095076 W CN2020095076 W CN 2020095076W WO 2021120541 A1 WO2021120541 A1 WO 2021120541A1
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substrate
source
monomer
plasma excitation
coating
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PCT/CN2020/095076
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English (en)
French (fr)
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宗坚
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江苏菲沃泰纳米科技有限公司
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Priority to JP2022537799A priority Critical patent/JP2023506563A/ja
Priority to CN202080001814.0A priority patent/CN113454265B/zh
Priority to EP20901051.1A priority patent/EP4079932A4/en
Publication of WO2021120541A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021120541A1/zh

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    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
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    • B05D1/00Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/60Deposition of organic layers from vapour phase
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • H01L21/67011Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
    • H01L21/67155Apparatus for manufacturing or treating in a plurality of work-stations
    • H01L21/67207Apparatus for manufacturing or treating in a plurality of work-stations comprising a chamber adapted to a particular process
    • H01L21/67213Apparatus for manufacturing or treating in a plurality of work-stations comprising a chamber adapted to a particular process comprising at least one ion or electron beam chamber
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/67Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
    • H01L21/673Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere using specially adapted carriers or holders; Fixing the workpieces on such carriers or holders
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/67Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
    • H01L21/683Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
    • H01L21/687Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches
    • H01L21/68714Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
    • H01L21/68771Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by supporting more than one semiconductor substrate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/67Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
    • H01L21/683Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
    • H01L21/687Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches
    • H01L21/68714Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
    • H01L21/68785Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. chucks, clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by the mechanical construction of the susceptor, stage or support
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/002Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials the substrate being rotated
    • B05D1/005Spin coating
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2237/00Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
    • H01J2237/32Processing objects by plasma generation
    • H01J2237/33Processing objects by plasma generation characterised by the type of processing
    • H01J2237/332Coating
    • H01J2237/3321CVD [Chemical Vapor Deposition]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to deposition coating, and more particularly to a coating equipment and a coating method for applying and forming a film on a substrate, and the substrate is adapted to be placed on a release source of a film forming material and a plasma Between the excitation sources to prevent excessive decomposition of the film forming material during a film forming process.
  • the coating equipment is installed to form a polymer coating or film on the surface of a substrate.
  • the substrate is made of materials including, but not limited to, metals, glass, ceramics, polymers, fibers, powders, and semiconductors. , Thereby improving various properties of the substrate, such as hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, oleophobicity, anti-rust, anti-mildew, moisture-proof, electrical and thermal conductivity, biomedical, optical, and friction properties.
  • a typical coating equipment uses a plasma vapor deposition method PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition), which is usually manufactured to introduce a gas film forming material into a vacuum chamber, in which there are one or more The substrate is placed, and then a polymer coating is formed on the surface of the substrate.
  • the gas film layer forming material may include, but is not limited to, organic materials, organic silicon materials, inorganic materials, and a combination of the above, which is a monomer gas or monomer vapor, which releases electrical energy to The monomers to produce a variety of active precursor substances are activated to plasmon the substrate. Then, a reaction occurs between the active precursor material and the monomer, or the active precursor material itself reacts, and a polymer film is subsequently deposited and formed on the surface of the substrate.
  • PECVD Plasma vapor deposition method
  • the monomer should be excited to produce reactive precursor species, but excessive exposure of the monomer to the plasma excitation medium will cause excessive decomposition of the monomer, which will adversely affect the deposition rate and the uniformity of the polymer film.
  • the existing coating equipment includes a chamber body 1, a release source 2 for introducing a layer forming material into the layer forming material in the chamber body 1, and a release source 2 for applying the layer forming material to the layer forming material.
  • one or more substrates 4 are arranged between the opposite electrodes of the plasma excitation source 3.
  • the film-forming material is dispersed into the space between the opposed electrodes of the plasma excitation source 3 and undergoes an excitation process to produce an active precursor material. Since the film forming material is excited by the plasma excitation source 3 and then deposited on the substrate 4 placed in the plasma excitation source 3, the film forming material may be excessively decomposed. In addition, the exposure of the substrate 4 between the electrodes of the plasma excitation source 3 may also cause damage to the substrate 4.
  • another existing coating equipment includes a chamber body 1, a release source 2 of the film forming material and placed between the release source 2 of the film forming material and the substrate 4 to be coated ⁇ plasma excitation source3.
  • the film-forming material needs to pass through the space between the opposed electrodes of the plasma excitation source 3 to perform an excitation process for generating active precursor substances before reaching the substrate 4.
  • U.S. Patent No. 7,968,154B2 titled “Vaporizing the precursor as an excitation medium for coating the distal substrate”
  • U.S. Patent No. US8,029,872B2 titled “Applying a film-forming material to at least one substrate "Material”
  • This kind of coating equipment including vaporized monomer source and plasma excitation medium.
  • the substrate and the vaporized monomer source are respectively located on opposite sides of the plasma excitation medium, and the vaporized monomer source passes through the plasma excitation medium, and then is deposited on the surface of the substrate on the opposite side of the plasma excitation medium to form a polymer film layer.
  • the vaporized monomer can be deposited on the surface of the substrate only after passing through the plasma excitation medium.
  • the plasma excitation medium can decompose a relatively large part of the vaporized monomer in a relatively long time, so that the vaporized monomer may be excessively decomposed, so the formed film layer is difficult to maintain the chemical properties of the vaporized film layer forming material.
  • United States Patent Application No. US16/095179 entitled “Multi-source low-power low-temperature plasma polymerization coating device and method” discloses a coating device, which combines multiple small area, low-power light sources with high-frequency discharge To replace a single large area, high-power high-frequency discharge source.
  • the method still excessively destroys the chemical monomer structure of the monomer to some extent, and results in the unsatisfactory quality of the formed polymer film layer, and the structure of the device is relatively complicated and difficult to assemble.
  • One of the main advantages of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and a coating method in which a substrate is adapted to form a film on its surface during the plasma polymerization coating method without excessively damaging the film forming material.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and a coating method, wherein the substrate to be coated is adapted to be placed in a monomer release source and a monomer release source for introducing the film forming material into a chamber body. Between a plasma excitation source used to excite the film-forming material, the film-forming material as a gaseous monomer or monomer vapor does not need to pass through the plasma excitation source before reaching the substrate, thus reducing the film-forming material The excessive decomposition.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and coating method, wherein the substrate to be coated is suitable to be placed in such a position, compared with the plasma excitation source, the distance from the monomer release source Even smaller, in a way that at least a part of the film forming material reaches the area where the substrate is positioned before reaching the plasma excitation source, so that all the film forming materials do not need to pass through the plasma excitation source before reaching the substrate.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and a coating method, wherein the monomer release source, a support frame for supporting the substrate, and the structure of the plasma excitation source can maintain the desired activity.
  • the level of reaction between the body substances which is caused by a certain proportion of the monomer reaching the plasma excitation source while the other part of the monomer has not been decomposed into active precursor substances, thereby increasing the polymer formed on the surface of the substrate.
  • the quality of the film is provided.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and a coating method, wherein according to some embodiments, the substrate to be coated can be supported on the support frame, which can be used in the monomer release source and plasma excitation Move between sources to adjust the distance between the substrate and the plasma excitation source to control and adjust the composition of the formed polymer material deposited on the surface of the substrate.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and a coating method, wherein according to some embodiments, at least a part of the film forming material does not need to be excited by the plasma excitation source before reaching the substrate, but can It is deposited on the substrate and reacts with the active precursor material and the monomer to avoid excessive decomposition of the film forming material.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and a coating method, wherein according to some embodiments, when the substrate is moved to a position adjacent to the monomer release source, a portion of the film forming material The first film layer is deposited on the substrate, and then when the substrate is moved to a position adjacent to the plasma excitation source, the first film layer of the film forming material is affected by the plasma excitation source The influence of the excitation process produces active precursor substances. When the substrate moves toward the monomer release source, a second film layer of the film-forming material is deposited on the first film layer, and A reaction occurs between the reactive precursor material and the monomer. The above steps are repeated to form the polymer film layer of the required thickness on the substrate, thereby reducing the excessive decomposition of the film layer forming material.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and coating method, wherein according to some embodiments, during the movement of the substrate, a part of the layer forming material is dispersed to the surrounding area of the plasma excitation source , And produce active precursor material and deposit it on the substrate, so that the active precursor material and the monomer are fully reacted to enhance the polymer film layer formed on the substrate Graft growth and cross-linking in molecular structure.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and a coating method, wherein according to some embodiments, the moving speed of the substrate and the position of the substrate adjacent to the monomer release source and the substrate The residence time adjacent to the plasma excitation source can be adjusted to control the ratio of graft growth and cross-linking in the molecular structure of the polymer film layer formed by the substrate, so as to improve the quality of the polymer film layer .
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and a coating method, wherein according to some embodiments, the plasma excitation source is disposed at a substantially central position of a reaction chamber of the chamber body, and a plurality of the The substrate may be arranged around the plasma excitation source, wherein the film forming material may be released from the monomer release source at a position adjacent to the inner wall of the chamber body to be radially dispersed Into the reaction chamber, and must pass through the area where the substrate is placed before reaching the plasma excitation source.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and a coating method, wherein according to some embodiments, the support frame for supporting the substrate can be implemented to include in the reaction chamber relative to the plasma excitation
  • the rotating frame where the source rotates, and changing the relative position between the substrate and the plasma excitation source also plays a role in stirring the vaporized film-forming material dispersed in the reaction chamber to increase the The uniformity of the polymer film formed on the surface of the substrate.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and a coating method, wherein according to some embodiments, the relative movement between the substrate and the monomer release source of the film forming material is controllable, thereby adjusting The amount of the film-forming material reaching the substrate is not affected by the excitation of the plasma excitation source, so that the active precursor material and the monomer can fully react, so that a high-quality polymer film is deposited on the The surface of the substrate.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and coating method, wherein according to some embodiments, the relative movement between the substrate and the plasma excitation source is controllable to control the activity reaching the surface
  • the amount of the precursor material allows the active precursor material and the monomer to fully react before the polymer film layer is formed on the surface of the substrate.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and coating method, wherein according to some embodiments, the substrate is adapted to be supported on a support frame that can rotate about its central axis and also rotates along a rotating frame, The relative position between the substrate and the plasma excitation source is adjusted to adjust the amount of active precursor substances and monomers reaching the substrate to form a polymer film layer on the surface of the substrate.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and a coating method, in which the substrate to be coated is suitably arranged outside the plasma excitation source, thereby avoiding the plasma excitation source's impact on the plasma excitation source during the coating process. Damage to the substrate.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a film coating equipment and a film coating method, wherein the film layer is uniformly formed on the surface of the substrate, and the deposition speed is increased.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and a coating method, in which the utilization of the film forming material for forming the polymer film is increased, thereby avoiding waste and reducing cost.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and coating method, in which the graft growth and crosslinking in the molecular structure of the polymer film are enhanced, and the molecular structure of the polymer film is complete, thereby Ensure the good performance of the polymer film.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a coating equipment and coating method, wherein the equipment has a simple structure and is easy to operate and maintain.
  • a coating equipment for forming a film on the surface of a substrate which can achieve the foregoing objects and other objects and advantages, wherein the coating equipment includes a chamber body and a monomer release source And a plasma excitation source.
  • the chamber body has a reaction chamber, wherein the chamber body has a substrate positioning area for positioning the substrate.
  • the monomer release source has a release inlet for introducing a film-forming material into the reaction chamber of the chamber body.
  • the plasma excitation source is arranged in the reaction chamber of the chamber body to excite the film forming material, wherein the substrate positioning area is located between the monomer release source and the plasma excitation source The position of the substrate is suitable to be arranged between the monomer release source and the plasma excitation source.
  • the present invention provides a coating equipment for forming a film on the surface of a substrate, wherein the coating equipment includes a chamber body with a reaction chamber, a support frame, and a monomer release Source and a plasma excitation source.
  • the supporting frame has a supporting area for supporting the substrate in the reaction chamber of the chamber body.
  • the monomer release source has a release inlet for introducing a film-forming material into the reaction chamber of the chamber body.
  • the plasma excitation source is arranged in the reaction chamber of the chamber body for exciting the film forming material, wherein the support area of the support frame is located between the monomer release source and the The position between the plasma excitation sources makes the substrate suitable for being arranged between the monomer release source and the plasma excitation source.
  • the present invention provides a coating method for forming a film on the surface of a substrate, wherein the coating method includes the following steps:
  • a film-forming material is introduced into the reaction chamber through the monomer release source to form a polymer film on the surface of the substrate under the action of the plasma excitation source.
  • the present invention provides a coating equipment for forming a film on the surface of a substrate, wherein the coating equipment includes a chamber body having a reaction chamber, a support frame, and a monomer Release source and a plasma excitation source.
  • the monomer release source has a release inlet for introducing a film-forming material into the reaction chamber of the chamber body.
  • the plasma excitation source is arranged in the reaction chamber of the chamber body for exciting the film forming material.
  • the support frame is used to support the substrate, and the support frame is operated to move in the reaction chamber to drive the substrate to alternately move closer to the monomer release source and the plasma excitation source.
  • Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of a prior art coating equipment.
  • Fig. 1B is a schematic diagram of another prior art coating equipment.
  • Fig. 2A is a schematic diagram of the principle of a coating equipment according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2B is a schematic diagram of the principle of the coating device according to the above-mentioned first preferred embodiment of the present invention, illustrating that the coating device is placed on a substrate for implementing the coating method.
  • FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of the principle of the coating equipment according to a feasible manner of the above-mentioned first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2D is a schematic diagram of the principle of the coating equipment according to another feasible manner of the above-mentioned first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3A is a schematic diagram of a coating equipment according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3B and 3C are schematic diagrams of the principle of the coating equipment according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, illustrating that a support frame carries the substrate and moves between a monomer release source and a plasma excitation source.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of the principle of the coating equipment according to a feasible manner of the above-mentioned second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4B is a schematic diagram of the principle of the coating equipment according to another feasible manner of the above-mentioned second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of the coating equipment in a feasible manner according to the above-mentioned second preferred embodiment of the present invention, illustrating that a support frame is installed with the plasma excitation source and carries the substrate to move in a Between the monomer release source and a plasma excitation source.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic diagrams of the coating equipment in a feasible manner according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, illustrating that a support frame carries the substrate and moves near or far to a monomer release source .
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a coating equipment according to a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the coating equipment according to a feasible manner of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the coating equipment according to another feasible manner of the above-mentioned third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a coating equipment according to the above-mentioned third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 11 and 12 are schematic diagrams of the substrate moving in the coating equipment according to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13A, 13B, and 13C are schematic cross-sectional views of the substrate moving in the coating equipment according to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14A, 14B, and 14C are schematic diagrams of moving the substrate in the coating equipment according to the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a coating equipment according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the coating equipment according to the above-mentioned fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the coating equipment according to an optional implementation of the above-mentioned fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the coating equipment according to the sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a module of a coating equipment according to a seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 20 is a structural block diagram of the coating equipment according to the seventh preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a coating equipment according to a first modified embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a coating equipment according to a second modified embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a modified embodiment of the coating equipment according to a second modified embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a module of a revolution frame of a modified embodiment of the coating equipment according to a second modified embodiment of the present invention.
  • the term “a” should be understood as “at least one” or “one or more”, that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, and in another embodiment, the number of the element The number can be multiple, and the term “one” cannot be understood as a restriction on the number.
  • a coating equipment is arranged to implement a novel plasma polymerization coating method for forming a polymer film 92 on a surface 91 of a substrate 90, which is used in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the coating equipment includes: a chamber body 10 defines a reaction chamber 11, a monomer release source 20 is connected to the reaction chamber 11, and is used to convert a film as a gaseous monomer or monomer vapor.
  • the layer forming material 201 is introduced into the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10, and a plasma excitation source 30 is operable to generate an induced electric field inside the reaction chamber 11 to form plasma, so as to form a plasma.
  • the plasma excitation source 30 applies electrical energy to the film-forming material 201 to excite the film-forming material 201, so that the film-forming material 201 is decomposed to form an active precursor material, thereby forming the film
  • the material 201 is activated into a plasma state, thereby inducing the reaction between the active precursor material and the monomer, and the reaction between the active precursor material in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10, so that then The polymer film layer 92 is deposited and formed on the surface 91 of the substrate 90.
  • the plasma excitation source 30 is arranged in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10 at a position far from the monomer release source 20.
  • the chamber body 10 has a substrate positioning area 12 arranged between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30, so that at least one of the substrates 90 is suitable for being arranged on the monomer release source
  • the polymer film 92 on the surface 91 of the substrate 90 is formed. .
  • one or more of the substrates 90 may be arranged on the substrate of the chamber body 10 with one of the monomer release sources 20.
  • the film-forming material 201 diffuses into the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10, and first reaches the chamber. In the substrate positioning area 12 of the chamber body 10, only a part of the film forming material 201 is excited by the plasma excitation source 30, so that the film forming material 201 is decomposed, polymerized and deposited on the substrate On the surface 91, the polymer film layer 92 is formed.
  • the substrate 90 is adapted to be placed in the flow path of the film forming material 201 flowing from the monomer release source 20 to the plasma excitation source 30 And the distance between the substrate 90 and the monomer release source 20 is less than the distance between the substrate 90 and the plasma excitation source 30, and not all of the film-forming material 201 is absorbed by the plasma The excitation source 30 is excited, so as to avoid excessive decomposition of the film-forming material 201.
  • the substrate 90 can be directly placed on the substrate positioning area 12 of the chamber body 10. Or, as shown in FIG. 2B, a plurality of the substrates 90 may be placed on the supporting frame 40, and then the supporting frame 40 loaded with the plurality of substrates 90 may be placed on the chamber body 10.
  • the substrate positioning area 12 is contained in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10.
  • the support frame 40 may be placed in the substrate positioning area 12 of the chamber body 10 and contained in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10, and then a plurality of the substrates 90 may be Placed on the support frame 40.
  • the support frame 40 is mounted to the chamber body 10 and placed in the reaction chamber 11. During the coating process, a plurality of the substrates 90 are placed on the support frame. 40.
  • the supporting frame 40 includes a supporting frame 41, and the supporting frame 41 may include a plurality of supporting platforms for supporting multiple layers of the substrate 90.
  • the carrier 41 has a supporting area 411 for placing and supporting the substrate 90, and the supporting area 411 is arranged between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the entire support frame 40 may not be arranged between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30, but is used to support the support frame 40 of the substrate 90.
  • the supporting area 411 is arranged between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30, and the substrate 90 placed on the supporting area 411 of the supporting frame can be placed on the Between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the substrate positioning area 12 of the chamber body 10 is an area used to directly support one or more of the substrates 90, or is used to support and accommodate the area suitable for loading. One or more regions of the support frame 40 of the substrate 90.
  • the chamber body 10 of the present invention is a shell, which defines the reaction chamber 11.
  • the cross-section of the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10 may be, but not limited to, a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, such as a rectangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, an octagon, or nine. Hexagon, and decagon.
  • the chamber body 10 is configured to have a rectangular reaction chamber 11.
  • the monomer release source 20 is arranged on the first side of the rectangular reaction chamber 11, and the plasma excitation source 30 may be arranged on the opposite second side of the rectangular reaction chamber 11.
  • the monomer release source 20 may be arranged adjacent to the first side wall 101 of the chamber body 10, And the plasma excitation source 30 is arranged at the second side wall 102 of the chamber body 10, and the second side wall 102 is opposite to the first side wall 101 of the chamber body 10.
  • the monomer release source 20 has at least one release inlet 21 for introducing the film forming material 201 into the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10.
  • the release inlet 21 is formed on the wall of the cavity body 10 and penetrates the wall layer of the cavity body 10.
  • the release inlet 21 may be formed in a supply nozzle and embedded in the chamber body 10.
  • the release inlet 21 is formed in a supply nozzle, and a feed head is located at the distal end of the feed pipe and extends to the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10.
  • the film coating device further includes a monomer supply unit 50 for supplying the film forming material 201 to the monomer release source 20.
  • the monomer supply unit 50 of the preferred embodiment includes a material storage 51 for storing the raw material 202 of the film forming material 201, a vaporizer 52 for vaporizing the raw material 202, and a conveying pipe
  • the system 53 is used to transport the raw material 202 from the material storage 51 to the monomer release source 20.
  • the film-forming material 201 released by the monomer release source 20 is a vaporized monomer material.
  • the raw material 202 of the film forming material 201 may be a single or mixed liquid or liquid/solid slurry, and the vaporizer 52 may include an atomizer and a heating device, an ultrasonic nozzle or a sprayer.
  • the vaporizer 52 may include a heating device provided to heat the raw material 202 in the conveying pipe system 53 to produce vaporized monomer material.
  • the heating device can be provided at any position of the delivery pipe system 53. Specifically, the heating device may be provided at a position corresponding to the monomer release source 20, so that when the raw material 202 is transported to the monomer release source 20 in a liquid state, the raw material 202 will be The heating device heats and generates vaporized monomer material that is released into the reaction chamber 11.
  • the raw material 202 of the film forming material 201 may be powder, and the vaporizer 52 may be a flat spray gas jet vaporizer. In addition, a carrier gas may also be supplied together with the film forming material 201.
  • the number of the material storage 51, the vaporizer 52, the delivery pipe system 53 and the monomer release source 20 is not limited. In some embodiments, one or more of the material storage 51 may be used. , The vaporizer 52, the delivery pipe system 53, and the monomer release source 20.
  • the discharge mode of the plasma excitation source 30 includes, but is not limited to, direct current discharge, alternating current discharge, audio discharge, capacitive coupling or inductive coupling radio frequency discharge, resonant cavity microwave discharge, surface wave coupling or electron cyclotron resonance, intermediate frequency discharge, and Pan Ning discharge, spark discharge and pulse discharge.
  • the plasma excitation source 30 may be operated to discharge continuously or in a pulsed manner.
  • the plasma excitation source 30 includes an electrode device 31 for generating an electric field in the reaction chamber 11 for generating plasma in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10.
  • the electrode device 31 includes a first electrode 311 and a second electrode 312, and a release field 313 is defined between the first electrode 311 and the second electrode 312.
  • a pair of electrodes 311 and 312 of this preferred embodiment are provided as positive and negative electrodes in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10 at a position away from the monomer release source 20, and are connected to the An energy source such as an RF generator outside the chamber.
  • the first electrode 311 may be electrically connected to the energy source, and the second electrode 312 may be grounded.
  • each of the first electrode 311 and the second electrode 312 may be implemented as a porous electrode, which has a plurality of holes connected to the release field 313 in the reaction chamber 11.
  • the film forming material 201 itself can be used as a plasma source gas.
  • the coating equipment may further include a plasma source gas supply unit for supplying plasma source gas, including but not limited to inert gas and nitrogen, into the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10 .
  • the plasma source gas may be injected into the reaction chamber 11 under the action of the plasma excitation source 30 To generate plasma, thereby providing a plasma environment.
  • a carrier gas may be used as a plasma source gas, and before the film forming material 201 is supplied into the reaction chamber 11, the carrier gas is introduced into the reaction chamber 11 to generate plasma.
  • one or more additional release sources for releasing the coating forming material 201 may be arranged in the chamber body 10, and the plasma excitation source 30 is used in the The position between the substrate 90 and the additional release source for releasing the film-forming material 201 is such a manner. In these embodiments, a part of the film forming material 201 is released by the monomer release source 20 at a position adjacent to the substrate positioning area 12 of the cavity body by the monomer release source 20.
  • the other part of the film-forming material 201 is released by an additional release source, and passes through the plasma excitation source 30 before reaching the substrate 90, so that not all of the film-forming material 201 is The plasma excitation source 30 is excited in order to prevent all the film forming material 201 from decomposing into small substances.
  • the coating equipment may also include other components, such as a pressure adjusting unit 60, which is adjacent to the plasma excitation source 30 and far from the monomer release source 20, and is used to adjust the pressure of the chamber body 10.
  • the pressure in the reaction chamber 11 is a control unit for controlling the operation of the coating equipment, and a tail gas pipe for collecting tail gas.
  • the reaction chamber 11 is a vacuum chamber under the action of the pressure adjusting unit 60.
  • vacuum chamber means that the chamber has a lower air pressure than the outside of the chamber, and the term does not necessarily mean that the chamber is evacuated to a vacuum state.
  • the substrate 90 of the present invention includes metals, glass, ceramics, polymers, fabrics, fibers, powders, and semiconductors, and can be but not limited to electronic components or electronic equipment, mechanical parts or mechanical equipment, textiles, for example, electronic parts Or electronic equipment can be but not limited to mobile phones, pagers, radios, speakers, microphones, ringers, buzzers, hearing aids, audio players, TVs, laptops, laptops, tablets, keyboards, PCB circuit boards, displays Or sensor.
  • the polymer film layer 92 can be, but is not limited to, a hydrophobic coating, a hydrophilic coating, an oleophobic coating, an anti-rust coating, an anti-mildew coating, a moisture-proof coating, an electrically and thermally conductive coating, and a biomedical coating. , Optical coating and friction coating.
  • the polymer film layer 92 deposited on the surface 91 of the substrate 90 may be the entire surface of the substrate 90 or a partial area of the entire surface of the substrate 90.
  • the polymer film layer 92 can be an acrylic coating, epoxy coating, silicone coating, polyurethane coating or p-xylene coating.
  • the polymer film layer 92 is typically a hydrophobic polymer coating.
  • the film forming material 201 includes CF3-based perfluoro compounds, perfluoroolefins, hydrogen-containing unsaturated compounds, optionally substituted alkynes, polyether substituted olefins, organic compounds containing two double bonds, saturated Of organic compounds.
  • An optionally substituted alkyl chain having at least 5 carbon atoms, which is optionally inserted with a heteroatom, contains a macrocycle of at least one heteroatom.
  • the film forming material 201 may be a single molecule of monomer, oligomer, or a combination thereof.
  • the oligomer may be a dual polymer, such as p-xylene C and p-xylene N.
  • the monomer is a mixture of one or more monofunctional unsaturated fluorinated compounds and one or more multifunctional unsaturated hydrocarbon derivatives.
  • Fluorinated compounds include, but are not limited to, 3-(perfluoro-5-methylhexyl)-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-(perfluorodecyl)ethyl methacrylate, 2-methacrylate (Perfluorohexyl) ethyl ester, 1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorotetradecyl acrylate, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-heptadecafluorodecyl acrylate, 1H, 1H acrylate, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyl acrylate, 2-(perfluorobutyl) ethyl acrylate, (2H-perfluoropropyl)-2-acrylate, (perfluorocyclohexyl) methyl acrylate, 1-propane Alkynes, 3,3,3-trifluoro-, 1-ethynyl-3,5-difluorobenzene and 4-ethyn
  • the multifunctional unsaturated hydrocarbon derivatives include, but are not limited to, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, divinylbenzene, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, 1,6 -Hexanediol diacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol divinyl ether and neopentyl glycol diacrylate.
  • the polymer film layer 92 is formed on the surface 91 of the substrate 90 to protect the surface 91 from chemical corrosion and enhance hydrophobic properties. More specifically, the monomer has a structure represented by the following formula:
  • R1, R2, and R3 are hydrophobic groups and are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, or haloalkyl, wherein m is an integer from 0 to 8, n is an integer from 1 to 15, and X is H or halogen , Further, X is halogen F.
  • the support frame 40 is movably disposed in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10.
  • the support frame 40 is operable to rotate around its central axis, so that the position of the substrate 90 in the reaction chamber 11 can be adjusted to adjust the substrate 90 and the reaction chamber 11
  • the distance between the plasma excitation sources 30 and the distance between the substrate 90 and the monomer release source 20 are adjusted to control and adjust the polymer-forming deposited on the surface 91 of the substrate 90
  • the composition of the material is movably disposed in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10.
  • the monomer supply unit 50 includes a material storage 51 for storing gaseous raw materials of the film forming material 201, and does not require a vaporizer.
  • the film forming material 201 is stored in the material storage 51 and is directly sent to the monomer release source 20 through the delivery pipe system 53.
  • the coating equipment of the preferred embodiment may be used to form a DLC (Diamond Like Carbon) film on the surface 91 of the substrate 90.
  • the film forming material 201 mainly composed of gaseous hydrocarbons is directly introduced into the reaction chamber 11 of the coating equipment to implement a PECVD process.
  • the present invention provides a coating method for coating a film on the substrate 90 by the coating device, and the coating method includes the following steps.
  • the film-forming material 201 is introduced into the reaction chamber 11 to implement a PECVD process, so that the substrate 90 can be deposited on the substrate 90 under the action of the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the polymer film layer 92 is formed on the surface 91 of.
  • Step (a) may include the step of: placing one or more of the substrate 90 at the substrate positioning area 12 of the chamber body, wherein the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 are respectively set On both sides of one or more of the substrate 90.
  • step (a) may include the following steps: placing one or more of the substrate 90 on the support frame 40, and placing the support frame 40 and the substrate 90 together on all the chambers.
  • the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 are respectively arranged on both sides of the support frame 40.
  • step (a) may include the following steps: constructing the support frame 40 at the substrate positioning area 12 of the chamber body 10 in the reaction chamber 11, and attaching the support frame 40 to the support frame 40.
  • One or more of the substrates 90 are loaded, wherein the support frame 40 can be installed and fixed on the chamber body 10 or only placed in the reaction chamber 11.
  • one or more of the substrates 90 can be placed in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10 horizontally, obliquely or vertically.
  • the coating method includes the steps of: arranging the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 at intervals in the reaction chamber 11, and in the reaction chamber of the chamber body 10 11, and place one or more of the substrates 90 in a flow path of the film-forming material 201 from the monomer release source 20 to the plasma excitation source 30, with at least a portion
  • the film forming material 201 must pass through the substrate positioning area 12 where the substrate is placed before reaching the plasma excitation source 30.
  • Step (b) may include the following steps: vaporizing the raw material 202 to form the film-forming material 201 as a vaporized monomer, and transporting the film-forming material 201 to the monomer release source 20 to
  • the film forming material 201 is supplied into the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10.
  • the film forming material 201 may be pumped into the reaction chamber 11 or sucked into the reaction chamber 11 due to the pressure drop of the reaction chamber 11.
  • Step (b) may include the following steps: supplying the film-forming material 201 as a gaseous monomer to the monomer release source 20 to supply the film-forming material 201 to the chamber body 10 The reaction chamber 11.
  • the film-forming material 201 is dispersed into the chamber body 10 through the monomer release source 20 toward the plasma excitation source 30 .
  • the film forming material 201 is injected horizontally into the chamber body 10 toward the plasma excitation source 30, but the support frame 40 is arranged on the monomer release source 20 and the plasma between the excitation sources 30, the film-forming material 201 does not need to pass through the plasma excitation source 30 before reaching the substrate 90 for plasma treatment of the substrate 90, so that not all of them
  • the film forming material 201 is all activated and excited by the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the coating equipment of this preferred embodiment includes: a chamber body 10 having a reaction chamber 11 for releasing a gaseous film-forming material 201 into the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10
  • the body release source 20 is a plasma excitation source 30 far away from the reaction chamber 11.
  • the plasma excitation source 30 is operable to activate and excite the film forming material 201, and a support frame 40A for supporting and carrying a substrate 90 on a supporting area 411A, so that the plasma excitation source 30 Is operated and the film forming material 201 is injected into the reaction chamber 11, the substrate 90 is exposed to the plasma generated by the plasma excitation source 30 to allow the polymer film
  • the layer 92 is deposited and formed on the surface 91 of the substrate 90.
  • the support frame 40A is implemented as a support that is movable in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10.
  • the support frame 40A can move between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the movement mode of the support frame 40 can be, but is not limited to, linear movement, curved movement, sliding movement or rotational movement, so that the position of the substrate 90 in the reaction chamber 11 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the deposition.
  • the amount of monomers and decomposed precursors on the substrate 90 improves the quality of the polymer film layer 92 formed on the surface 91 of the substrate 90.
  • the movement of the support frame 40A provides substantially the same plasma polymerization environment for the plurality of substrates 90 to enhance the uniformity of the polymer film layer 92 formed on the substrate 90 .
  • the movement of the support frame 40A may be configured to generate a relative displacement between the substrate 90 and the monomer release source 20, or generate a relative displacement between the substrate 90 and the plasma excitation source 30 , Or used to produce the above two equivalent states, so that the amount of monomer that has not been excited by the plasma excitation source 30 that reaches the substrate 90, or the amount of active precursor material produced by decomposing the monomer can be Adjust to ensure sufficient reaction between the body and the active precursor material.
  • the movement of the support frame 40A can be controlled by a control unit, which is programmed to adjust the movement, the movement time interval, or the movement speed, so as to provide the substrate 90 with the desired plasma polymerization. Under the circumstances, the required branching and cross-linking are obtained in the molecular structure of the polymer film layer 92, and a polymer film layer 92 of relatively high quality is formed.
  • the support frame 40A is realized as a movable support, and the movable support can be installed between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source. Repeated movement between the base material 90 and the monomer release source 20 and the distance between the base material 90 and the plasma excitation source 30 are adjusted.
  • the chamber body 10 has the rectangular reaction chamber 11, and the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 are arranged on the same side wall of the chamber body 10 and spaced apart from each other. Separate from each other.
  • the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 are arranged at a top side wall 103 of the chamber body 10.
  • the monomer release source 20 releases the film forming material 201, and a monomer region is defined in front of the monomer release source 20, and the plasma excitation source 30 is operating During the process, a plasma generation area is formed around it, and the support frame 40A moves back and forth between the monomer area and the plasma area.
  • the film-forming material 201 is not dispersed into the reaction chamber 11 through the monomer release source 20 toward the plasma excitation source 30, but can be introduced into the reaction chamber 11 laterally.
  • the substrate 90 and the plasma excitation source 30 are dispersed along the longitudinal direction, so that the air flow of the film forming material 201 released by the monomer release source 20 will not directly blow to the The plasma generated around the plasma excitation source 30 makes the reaction precursor material decomposed from the monomer and the monomer have ideal mixing performance.
  • the support frame 40A which is operable to move between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30, can be driven by an electric motor, a pneumatic drive system, or a hydraulic drive. system.
  • the chamber body 10 may be provided with a guide rail or a guide groove for keeping the support frame 40A in place and for guiding and restricting the movement of the support frame 40A.
  • the electrode device 31 of the plasma excitation source 30 of the preferred embodiment is configured as a planar electrode extending in the reaction chamber 11, and may also be another electrode device for generating an electric field.
  • the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a coating method for depositing the polymer film layer 92 on the surface 91 of the substrate 90, and the coating method includes the following steps:
  • the plasma excitation source 30 is activated to plasma treat the substrate 90 to form the polymer film layer 92 on the surface 91 of the substrate 90.
  • step (B) the step may include the following steps: carrying the substrate 90 on the support frame 40A, and driving the support frame 40A to the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 Move back and forth repeatedly between.
  • the support frame 40A is driven to move to adjust the distance between the substrate 90 and the monomer release source 20 and the distance between the substrate 90 and the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 may be arranged adjacent to two opposite side walls of the chamber body 10.
  • the monomer release source 20 is arranged adjacent to a top side wall 103
  • the plasma excitation source 30 is installed on the bottom side wall 104 of the chamber body 10.
  • the monomer release source 20 may be provided adjacent to one end side wall 101 of the chamber body 10 for releasing the film-forming material to the substrate 90 201
  • the plasma excitation source 30 may be arranged at a bottom wall 104 of the chamber body 10.
  • the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 may be arranged on adjacent side walls 101 and 104 of the chamber body 10.
  • the plasma excitation source 30 can be installed on one side of the support frame 40A as another feasible way, which is opposite to the monomer release source 20.
  • the support frame 40A is not movable, or preferably, the support frame 40A is configured to be movable to adjust the distance between the support frame 40A and the monomer release source 20, and the monomer release The distance between the source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the relative position between the substrate 90 and the plasma excitation source 30 can be fixed, but the plasma excitation source 30 can move together with the support frame 40A to change the plasma cavity The plasma generation environment in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10.
  • the coating device is shown in another alternative manner.
  • the support frame 40A can also be moved to a certain position in a manner that the plasma excitation source 30 is located between the monomer release source 20 and the substrate 90. Locations.
  • the film-forming material 201 must pass through the plasma excitation source 30 before reaching the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the supporting frame 40A makes that not all the film forming materials 201 need to pass through the plasma excitation source 30 before reaching the substrate 90.
  • the preferred embodiment provides a coating method for depositing the polymer film layer 92 on the surface 91 of the substrate 90, which includes the following steps:
  • the substrate 90 is moved in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10 to thereby define a moving path of the substrate 90, wherein during at least a part of the moving path, the substrate 90 is located at the monomer release The position between the source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the film forming material 201 is released into the reaction chamber of the chamber body 10 to activate the plasma treatment of the substrate 90 during the operation of the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the moving path of the substrate 90 can be divided into a first part and a second part.
  • the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 are located on both sides of the substrate 90, respectively.
  • the monomer release source 20 and the substrate 90 are respectively located on both sides of the plasma excitation source 30, and the movement path of the substrate 90 carried by the support frame 40A
  • the first part can be significantly larger than the second part.
  • the coating equipment of this preferred embodiment includes a chamber body 10 having a corresponding cavity 11, and one or more monomer release sources 20 are used to release the gaseous film-forming material 201 into the cavity.
  • a plasma excitation source 30 is used to excite the film forming material 201
  • a support frame 40B is used to support and transport the substrate 90, so that when the plasma excitation source When 30B is in operation and the film-forming material 201 is fed into the reaction chamber 11 through one or more of the monomer release sources 20, it is deposited on the surface 91 of the substrate 90 and formed
  • the polymer film layer 92 is described.
  • the plasma excitation source 30B is arranged at a substantially central area of the support frame 40B.
  • the plasma excitation source 30B may be arranged in the center of the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10, and the plurality of substrates 90 on which the polymer film layer 92 is to be deposited are suitably arranged Around the plasma excitation source 30B.
  • the substrate 90 is adapted to surround the plasma excitation source 30B, so that the substrate 90 is adapted to be arranged between the plasma excitation source 30B and the monomer release source 20.
  • a plurality of the monomer release sources 20, for example, four of the monomer release sources 20, may be arranged at a position adjacent to the inner wall of the chamber body 10, and the film-forming material 201 may be located at all locations.
  • the chamber body 10 is released at an adjacent position on the inner periphery of the chamber body 10 and flows toward the plasma excitation source 30B located at the center of the chamber body 10. Since a plurality of the monomer release sources 20 and the plasma excitation sources 30B are arranged on two opposite sides of the substrate 90, excessive decomposition of the film forming material 201 is prevented.
  • the plasma excitation source 30B of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an electrode device 31B for applying electric power to the film forming material 201 released into the chamber body 10. More specifically, as an embodiment, the electrode device 31B includes at least one pair of electrodes. Preferably, multiple pairs of the first electrode 311B and the second electrode 312B are arranged in the center of the reaction chamber 11. As shown in FIG. 7, each of the first electrode 311B and the second electrode 312B may be implemented as an elongated electrode plate vertically arranged in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10. In the exemplary embodiment, the four first electrodes 311B and the four second electrodes 312B are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the first electrode 311B and the second electrode 312B are a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and are respectively electrically connected to two connection ends of an energy source such as an RF generator located outside the chamber body 10.
  • the first electrode 311B may be electrically connected to an energy source, and the second electrode 312B may be grounded.
  • the supporting frame 40B of this embodiment includes one or more supporting frames 41B for carrying one or more of the base materials 90.
  • Each carrier 41B has a supporting area 411B for positioning the substrate 90, and the substrate 90 can be horizontally, inclined, and vertically placed on the supporting area 411B.
  • the substrate 90 may be placed horizontally at the supporting area 411B, and be held and supported by the supporting area 411B.
  • the plurality of support regions 411B of one or more carrier 41B are arranged between the plasma excitation source 30B and the monomer release source 20, so that when one or more of the The substrate 90 is placed on the corresponding support area 411B, and the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30B are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of each corresponding to the substrate 90.
  • each supporting frame 41B of the supporting frame 40B of the preferred embodiment can carry a plurality of the substrates 90 and can move in the reaction chamber 11, and the movement of each supporting frame 41B The way can be but not limited to linear motion, curved motion, sliding motion and rotary motion.
  • each of the supporting frames 41B of the supporting frame 40B is operable to rotate about its central axis Y.
  • the supporting frame 40B of this embodiment further includes a movable frame 42B for supporting one or more supporting frames 41B.
  • the movement of the movable frame 42B may also be, but not limited to, linear movement, curved movement, sliding movement and rotational movement.
  • the movable frame 42B is used as a rotating frame, and the movable frame 42B can be implemented to rotate around the central axis X in the reaction chamber of the circular chamber, and since the carrier frame 41B is supported on the movable Each of the carrier frames 42B can move together with the movable frame 42B while rotating relative to its central axis Y, so that the two movements of the carrier frame 41B change each of the substrate 90 and the plasma excitation The relative position between the sources 30.
  • the coating equipment includes a plasma excitation source 30C, and includes an electrode device 31C.
  • the electrode device 31C of this preferred embodiment includes a first electrode 311C and a second electrode 312C. Each electrode is implemented as a cylindrical electrode.
  • the first electrode 311C is sleeved around the second electrode 312C.
  • a circular discharge field 313C is defined between the first electrode 311C and the second electrode 312C.
  • the first electrode 311C may be electrically connected to an energy source such as an RF generator, and the second electrode 312C may be grounded.
  • the first electrode 311C can be implemented as a porous electrode, which has a plurality of holes connected to the release field 313C in the reaction chamber 11.
  • the second electrode 312C is formed as an elongated tube with a communication hole communicating with the reaction chamber 11, so that the second electrode 312C can also be used as a communication with the outside of the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body.
  • the exhaust pipe is used to extract the gas mixture from the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10, so as to adjust the pressure in the reaction chamber 11 and remove the tail gas in the reaction chamber 11.
  • the film layer equipment includes the plasma excitation source 30C and a support frame 40C.
  • the support frame 40C is used as a rotating frame capable of rotating about its central axis X, and a plurality of the base materials 90 can be directly placed on the support frame 40C without the need for the support frame 40C.
  • Carrying frame 41B. The movement of the plurality of base materials 90 is caused by the rotation of the support frame 40C.
  • the coating method for depositing the polymer film 92 on the surface 91 of each of the plurality of substrates 90 includes the following steps:
  • the plasma excitation source 30B/30C is surrounded by a plurality of the substrate 90, and the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30B/30C are arranged on two opposite sides of the substrate 90 ;
  • the plasma excitation source 30B/30C is arranged on the inner side of the substrate 90, and the monomer release source 20 is arranged on the outer side of the substrate 90.
  • the plasma excitation source 30B/30C may be arranged in the central area of the reaction chamber 11, and the substrate 90 surrounds the plasma excitation source 30B/30C.
  • step ( ⁇ ) before reaching the plasma excitation source 30B/30C, at least a part of the film forming material 201 needs to pass through the support frame 40B/40C carrying the substrate 90.
  • Step ( ⁇ ) may further include the following steps: circumferentially arranging the monomer release source 20 in the central area of the reaction, and radially release the monomer release source 20 toward the plasma excitation source 30B/30C through the monomer release source 20
  • the film forming material 201 is in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10.
  • the coating method may further include the steps of: rotating a rotating frame 42B around the central axis X and rotating the carrier frame 41B around the central axis Y, wherein each carrier frame 41B is used to carry the substrate 90.
  • the one supported on the rotating frame 42B rotates around the axis X together with the rotating frame 42B, and at the same time rotates around its own axis Y.
  • a coating equipment is arranged to implement a novel plasma polymerization coating method for forming a polymer film 92 on a surface 91 of a substrate 90, according to the present invention
  • the coating equipment includes a chamber body 10 defining a reaction chamber 11, and a monomer release source 20 is connected to the reaction chamber 11 for forming a film layer as a gaseous monomer or monomer vapor.
  • the material 201 is introduced into the reaction cavity 11 of the chamber body 10, and a plasma excitation source 30 is operable to generate an induction electric field inside the reaction cavity 11 to form plasma, so that the plasma excitation source 30 applies electrical energy to the film-forming material 201 to excite the film-forming material 201, and a support frame 40D can move between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 to move the supported
  • the substrate 90 on the support frame 40D is between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the monomer release source 20 specifically includes an elongated feed head 22 having a plurality of release inlets 21, Then, the film forming material 201 is discharged into the reaction chamber 11.
  • the elongated feed head 22 is arranged adjacent to the tube portion of a first side wall 101 of the chamber body 10, while the plasma excitation source 30 is far away from the monomer release source 20 and is arranged adjacent to At a position of a second side wall 102 of the cavity body 10, the second side wall 102 is disposed opposite to the first side wall 101 of the cavity body 10.
  • the support frame 40D moves between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 to drive the substrate 90 supported on the support frame 40D to repeatedly move closer to the monomer release source 20 moves away from the plasma excitation source 30 and moves closer to the plasma excitation source 30 away from the monomer release source 20.
  • one or more of the substrates 90 can be placed on the support frame 40D, so that the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 are respectively provided on two opposite sides of the substrate 90, so the film-forming material 201 discharged into the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10 does not pass through the substrate 90 before reaching the substrate 90.
  • the plasma excitation source 30 can be deposited on the substrate 90 to avoid excessive decomposition of the film forming material 201.
  • FIGS. 13A to 13C the plasma polymerization coating method of the substrate 90 is illustrated in FIGS. 13A to 13C.
  • the support frame 40D moves between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30, and the substrate 90 moves with the support frame 40D.
  • FIG. 13A when the substrate is moved closer to the monomer release source 20 and away from the plasma excitation source 30, a first layer of the film forming material 201 is deposited on the substrate. ⁇ 90.
  • FIG. 13B when the substrate 90 is moved close to the plasma excitation source 30 and away from the monomer release source 20, the first film layer of the film layer forming material 201 is affected by the plasma.
  • the influence of the excitation process of the excitation source 30 produces an active precursor substance.
  • FIG. 13A when the substrate is moved closer to the monomer release source 20 and away from the plasma excitation source 30, a first layer of the film forming material 201 is deposited on the substrate. ⁇ 90.
  • FIG. 13B when the substrate 90 is moved close to the plasma excitation source 30
  • a part of the film-forming material 201 may not be deposited on the substrate 90, is dispersed into the reaction chamber 11 and reaches the surrounding area of the plasma excitation source 30, so as to be excited by the plasma excitation source 30
  • the active precursor material is generated and deposited on the substrate 90, and the reaction between the active precursor material is induced to enhance the graft growth and cross-over in the molecular structure of the polymer film layer 92 formed on the substrate 90 United.
  • the support frame 40D can be moved. Therefore, the moving speed of the support frame 40D can be adjusted. Alternatively, the support frame 40D may be faster when moving to the monomer release source 20 and slower when moving to the plasma excitation source 30. Alternatively, the support frame 40D may be slower when moving to the monomer release source 20 and faster when moving to the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the support frame 40D and the substrate 90 are held together in the position to stay for a first residence time
  • the supporting frame 40D and the substrate 90 are held together in the position to stay for a second residence time.
  • the first and second residence times can also be adjusted according to different requirements of the composition of the polymer film layer 92.
  • the plasma excitation source 30 includes an electrode device 31 for generating an electric field in the reaction chamber 11 for generating plasma in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10.
  • the coating equipment may further include other components, such as the monomer supply unit 50 for supplying the film forming material 201 to the monomer release source 20, the pressure regulating unit 60, and the plasma
  • the excitation source 30 is adjacent to and far from the monomer release source 20, and is used to adjust the pressure in the reaction chamber 11 of the chamber body 10, and the control unit is used to control the operation of the coating equipment, so
  • the exhaust pipe is used to collect exhaust gas.
  • the coating device includes a chamber body 10E having a reaction chamber 11E, a plurality of monomer release sources 20 for the gaseous film
  • the layer forming material 201 is released into the reaction chamber 11E of the chamber body 10E, a plurality of plasma excitation sources 30, each of the plasma excitation sources 30 is operated to generate an electric field in the reaction chamber 11E,
  • the plasma excitation source 30 provides a power to the film-forming material 201 to excite the film-forming material 201 to form plasma, and a support frame 40E, which is in the reaction chamber 11E It can be moved to drive the substrate 90 to alternately move closer to the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30.
  • a plurality of the monomer release sources 20 and a plurality of the plasma excitation sources 30 are alternately arranged in the chamber body 10E.
  • a plurality of the monomer release sources 20 are arranged at intervals in the chamber body 10E, and a plurality of the plasma excitation sources 30 are also arranged at intervals in the chamber body 10E.
  • One monomer release source 20 is provided between two adjacent plasma excitation sources 30, and one plasma excitation source 30 is also provided between two adjacent monomer release sources 20.
  • the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 are alternately arranged along the length direction of the chamber body 10E.
  • the chamber body 10E may be implemented as a circular body, which allows the support frame 40E to carry the substrate 90 to circulate in the chamber body 10E.
  • the support The rack 40E and the base material 90 can be taken out of the chamber body 10E.
  • the required polymer film layer 92 is formed on the substrate 90, so that the coating equipment can continuously
  • the polymer film layer 92 is formed on a plurality of the base materials 90, and in a continuous production line, the plurality of base materials 90 are respectively supported by the plurality of support frames 40E.
  • the reaction chamber 11 may be configured as a continuous integrated chamber, or the reaction chamber 11 may be implemented as a plurality of chambers, allowing the support frame 40E to move from one chamber to another.
  • each of the chambers is provided with one monomer release source 20 or one plasma excitation source 30.
  • FIG. 14A when the substrate 90 is moved close to a first monomer release source 20, a first film layer of the film-forming material 201 is deposited on the substrate 90.
  • FIG. 14B when the substrate 90 is moved away from the first monomer release source 20 and toward one of the plasma excitation sources 30, the first film layer of the film forming material 201 is The activation reaction of the plasma excitation source 30 generates an active precursor material on the substrate 90.
  • FIG. 14C when the substrate 90 continuously moves toward a second monomer release source 20, a second film layer of the film-forming material 201 is deposited on the first film layer, and causes A reaction occurs between the monomer of the film forming material 201 and the active precursor material. The above steps are repeated to allow the substrate to alternately move close to the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 to form the polymer film layer 92 with a desired thickness on the substrate 90.
  • Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 illustrate a coating equipment according to a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the coating equipment includes a chamber body 10F having a reaction chamber 11F, and a monomer release source 20 communicates with the reaction chamber 11F for releasing the gaseous film forming material 201 in the chamber body 10F.
  • a plasma excitation source 30 is operated to generate an electric field in the reaction chamber 11E, and the plasma excitation source 30 provides an electric power to the film forming material 201 to excite the film forming material 201 Plasma is formed in a manner, and a support frame 40F, the support frame 40F is rotatable in the reaction chamber 11F to control the substrate 90 to alternately move closer to the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation Source 30.
  • the cross section of the cavity body 10F of the preferred embodiment is a circle or an ellipse.
  • the support frame 40F is disposed in the reaction chamber 11F of the chamber body 10F and is located between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30. During operation, in a manner that the substrate 90 alternately moves close to the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30, the support frame 40F rotates in the reaction chamber 11F to move the The base material 90.
  • the chamber body 10F has a circular cavity wall 105F, and the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 are arranged on the circular cavity wall. 105F and separated from each other.
  • the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30 are arranged on two opposite sides of the support frame 40F.
  • the supporting frame 40F has a supporting area 411F to support the substrate 90.
  • the support frame 40F has a plurality of the support regions 411F arranged along the circumferential direction thereof to support the plurality of substrates 90 vertically.
  • the supporting frame 40F has a plurality of supporting regions 411F arranged along the circumferential edge portion 412F thereof for horizontally supporting a plurality of the base materials 90.
  • a plurality of the base materials 90 may also be supported by the support frame 40F in other ways.
  • the support frame 40F rotates between the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30, and the substrate 90 follows the support frame 40F. Spin.
  • the substrate 90 is rotated to a position adjacent to the monomer release source 20 away from the plasma excitation source 30
  • a first film layer of the film forming material 201 is deposited on the substrate 90.
  • the substrate 90 is moved away from the monomer release source 20.
  • the support frame 40F is rotated to a position adjacent to the plasma excitation source 30 away from the monomer release source 20, the film layer The first film layer of the forming material 201 is excited by the plasma excitation source 30 to generate an active precursor material.
  • the coating equipment includes a chamber body 10G having a reaction chamber 11G, a plurality of monomer release sources 20, such as two monomer release sources 20, communicated with the reaction chamber 11G for releasing gaseous film forming materials 201
  • a plurality of plasma excitation sources 30, such as two plasma excitation sources 30, are operated to generate an electric field in the reaction chamber 11G, and the plasma excitation source 30 provides An electric power is applied to the film-forming material 201 to excite the film-forming material 201 to form plasma, and a support frame 40G, which is rotatable in the reaction chamber 11F, to control all
  • the substrate 90 alternately moves close to the monomer release source 20 and the plasma excitation source 30.
  • the cross section of the cavity body 10G of this preferred embodiment is a circle, and the cavity body 10F has a circular cavity wall 105G.
  • the support frame 40G is arranged in the reaction chamber 11G of the chamber body 10G.
  • the two monomer release sources 20 and the two plasma excitation sources 30 are alternately arranged in the chamber body 10G with phase separation.
  • the support frame 40G rotates in the reaction chamber 11G to move the The base material 90.
  • the support frame 40G rotates in the reaction chamber 11G, and one or more of the substrates 90 also rotate with the support frame 40G.
  • the substrate 90 is rotated to a position corresponding to a first monomer release source 20
  • a first film layer of the film-forming material 201 is deposited on the substrate 90.
  • the substrate 90 is moved away from the first monomer release source 20, and when the support frame 40G is rotated to a position corresponding to the first plasma excitation source 30, the film forming material 201
  • the first film layer is excited by the first plasma excitation source 30 to generate an active precursor material.
  • the support frame 40G When the support frame 40G is rotated to be close to a second monomer release source 20, a second film layer of the film layer forming material 201 is deposited on the first film layer, and the film layer forming material A reaction occurs between the monomer of 201 and the active precursor material.
  • the support frame 40G When the support frame 40G is rotated to a position corresponding to a second plasma excitation source, the second film layer of the film-forming material 201 is excited to generate active precursor materials, and the rotating support frame 40G
  • the substrate 90 is continuously driven to rotate to form the polymer film layer 92 with a desired thickness on the substrate 90.
  • the coating device 7100 includes a coating chamber 710, at least one monomer source 720, and a plasma excitation field 730, wherein
  • the coating chamber 710 has a coating area 7101 for placing substrates, wherein the monomer source 720 is connected to the coating chamber 710 for passing monomers into the coating chamber 710, wherein the plasma
  • the volume excitation field 730 is set in the coating chamber 710 for activating monomers, wherein the plasma reaction 730 and the monomer source 720 are respectively located on both sides of the coating area 7101 for preparation on the surface of the substrate film.
  • the chamber body is implemented as the coating chamber 710
  • the monomer release source is implemented as the monomer source 720
  • the plasma excitation source is implemented as the plasma excitation field 730.
  • a plasma source gas is introduced into the coating chamber 710, wherein the plasma excitation field 730 discharges to generate plasma to provide a plasma environment, wherein the gas monomer passes through the coating area 7101 enters the plasma excitation field 730 to be activated, so as to prevent the gas monomer from being over-activated directly in the plasma excitation field 730, causing the molecular chain structure to be fragmented or excessively decomposed, so as to prepare performance on the surface of the substrate. Better film or coating.
  • the gas monomer after the gas monomer is filled into the coating chamber 710, it first diffuses to the coating area 7101, and then diffuses to the plasma excitation field 730.
  • the plasma diffuses to the coating area 7101.
  • the gas monomer diffuses into the plasma excitation field 730 to be activated, and then the activated gas monomer diffuses to the coating area 7101, and is deposited on the substrate along with the unactivated gas monomer. Surface, to form a film or coating with better performance, and at the same time increase the deposition speed.
  • the concentration of the gas monomer or monomer vapor diffused along the radial direction of the coating area 7101 gradually decreases, and in the same direction, the plasma generated by the plasma excitation field 730 discharges along the The concentration of the diffusion in the radial direction of the coating area 7101 is gradually increased, so that the concentration of the activated monomer is kept stable, so as to prepare a high-quality film or coating on the surface of the substrate.
  • the coating equipment 7100 adopts a plasma chemical vapor deposition method to prepare the thin film or film layer on the surface of the substrate. That is, the thin film is deposited and formed on the surface of the substrate, thereby improving the mechanical, optical, or chemical properties of the surface of the substrate.
  • the substrate is, for example, a product with a predetermined shape and structure that needs to be coated , Such as PCB circuit board, mobile phone, electronic equipment, electronic product cover, electronic product display screen, mobile phone glass screen, computer screen, mobile phone back cover, electronic device shell, keyboard film or mechanical parts, clothing and other types of products that require coating Etc., not limited here.
  • the coating equipment prepares the film on the electronic product, which can effectively improve the product's waterproof, corrosion-resistant, and abrasion-resistant protective properties and solve the problem of high surface protection costs.
  • the thin film includes one or more layers, thin films, or nano-film layers that are plated on the surface of the substrate.
  • the thin film or coating can be an inorganic thin film, an organic thin film, an organic silicon nano protective film layer, an organic silicon hard nano protective film layer, a composite structure high insulation hard nano protective film layer, a high Insulating nano protective film layer, plasma polymerized film layer, gradient increasing structure liquid repellent film layer, gradient decreasing structure liquid repellent film layer, film with controllable crosslinking degree, waterproof and click-through resistant film, low adhesion and corrosion resistant film Layer, liquid-proof film layer with multilayer structure, polyurethane nano-film layer, acrylamide nano-film layer, anti-static liquid-proof nano-film layer, epoxy nano-film layer, high-transparency and low-color difference nano-film layer, high adhesion resistance Aging nano film layer, silicon-containing copolymer nano film layer or polyimide nano film layer, diamond-like carbon film, etc., are not limited here.
  • the coating or film can be AR (acrylic), ER (epoxy), SR (silicone), UR (polyurethane) and XY (para-xylene) or other types of coatings or Films, furthermore, para-xylene or parylene type coatings can provide better chemical, electrical or physical protection effects.
  • the feed port of the monomer source 720 is connected to the side of the coating chamber 710 close to the coating area 7101, that is, on the opposite side of the plasma excitation field 730, to ensure that the gas monomer or The diffusion path of the monomer vapor is from the coating area 7101 to the plasma excitation field 730.
  • the monomer component is a mixture of at least one monofunctional unsaturated fluorocarbon compound and at least one multifunctional unsaturated hydrocarbon derivative or containing double bonds, Si-Cl, Si-OC, Si -N-Si, Si-O-Si structure or cyclic structure organosilicon monomer, the mass fraction of the multifunctional unsaturated hydrocarbon derivatives in the monomer is 30-50%, wherein, the Monofunctional unsaturated fluorocarbons include: 3-(perfluoro-5-methylethyl)-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-(perfluorodecyl)ethyl methacrylate, 2 -(Perfluoroethyl) ethyl methacrylate, 2-(perfluorododecyl) ethyl acrylate, 2-perfluorooctyl ethyl acrylate, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctane Alcohol acrylate, 2-(perfluor
  • the multifunctional unsaturated hydrocarbon derivatives include ethoxylated tricarboxymethylpropane triacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, divinylbenzene, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, 1,6-ethane Glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol divinyl ether or neopentyl glycol diacrylate, the multifunctional unsaturated hydrocarbon derivatives include: polyethylene glycol diacrylate , Ethylene glycol diacrylate and diethylene glycol divinyl ether ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, or diethylene glycol divinyl ether Neopentyl glycol acrylate.
  • the monomer includes a carbon-containing compound with a reactive functional group, and further includes a perfluorinated compound based on -CF 3 (see WO 97/38801), a perfluoroolefin (see Wang et al., Chem Mater 1996, 2212-2214).
  • the monomer may also include a hydrogen-containing unsaturated compound containing a halogen atom or a perhalogenated organic compound with at least 10 carbon atoms (see WO 98/58117), an organic compound containing two double bonds (see WO 99/64662), saturated organic compounds having an alkyl chain with at least 5 carbon atoms (optionally inserted with heteroatoms) (see WO 00/05000), alkyne (see WO 00/20130), poly Ether substituted olefins (see US6482531B) or macrocycles containing at least one heteroatom (see US6329024B).
  • a hydrogen-containing unsaturated compound containing a halogen atom or a perhalogenated organic compound with at least 10 carbon atoms see WO 98/58117
  • an organic compound containing two double bonds see WO 99/64662
  • saturated organic compounds having an alkyl chain with at least 5 carbon atoms optionally inserted with heteroatoms
  • alkyne see
  • the film is a diamond-like carbon film (DLC film).
  • the gas monomer for preparing the DLC film such as reactive gases such as hydrogen, hydrocarbon gas, or auxiliary gases or dielectric materials of doping elements such as N, Si, F, and B, etc.
  • the hydrocarbon gas is an alkane, alkene, alkyne, etc. having a carbon number of 1-6 or more.
  • the plasma excitation field 730 is located in the middle region or position of the coating chamber 710, wherein the feed port of the monomer source 720 may be located on the peripheral side of the coating chamber 710.
  • the plasma excitation field 730 is located at a position on one side of the coating chamber 710, wherein the feed port of the monomer source 720 is located at a position on the opposite side of the coating chamber 710.
  • the gas source 720 and the plasma excitation field 730 can be arranged side by side with a certain distance between them, but they do not overlap.
  • the coating cavity 710 may be round, square or other shapes.
  • the monomer source 720 is a feed source for gas monomer or monomer vapor to enter the coating chamber, and it can be connected to a gas reservoir for storing gas monomer in a gas state through a conveying pipe. It is used to pass the gas monomer in the gas state to the coating chamber 710.
  • the monomer source 720 may be connected to a liquid reservoir for storing liquid monomers through a conveying pipe, wherein the liquid monomers are vaporized by a gasification device (such as a heating device) to form a gaseous monomer.
  • the steam is passed into the coating chamber 710 through the monomer source 720.
  • the storage device may be a storage device such as a storage device for storing monomer raw materials, a storage bottle, or a storage tank.
  • the plasma excitation field 730 includes an electrode device 731, wherein the coating equipment further includes a plasma source, wherein the plasma source is connected to the coating chamber 710 for filling the coating chamber 710
  • the plasma source gas, wherein the electrode device 731 is used to provide radio frequency and/or pulse voltage to discharge the gas to generate a plasma environment.
  • the electrode device 731 and the monomer source 720 are respectively located on both sides of the coating area 7101, so that the substrate in the coating area 7101 is not directly in the center of the plasma environment, that is, The substrate in the coating area 7101 is located at the edge area or position of the plasma environment generated by the plasma excitation field 730, so as to prevent the gas monomer on the surface of the substrate from being directly in the center of the plasma excitation field 730. Excessive activation leads to phenomena such as fragmentation or excessive decomposition of the molecular chain structure, and at the same time, a film or coating with good performance can be prepared on the surface of the substrate.
  • the plasma source is connected to the side of the coating chamber 710 close to the electrode device 731 to discharge at the position of the electrode device 731 to form the plasma excitation field 730, wherein the plasma source gas Such as nitrogen, carbon tetrafluoride or helium, argon and other inert gas plasma source gas.
  • the plasma source is connected to a pipe for conveying gas.
  • the plasma source is further connected to a storage device for storing plasma source gas.
  • the discharge mode of the electrode device 731 of the plasma excitation field 730 may be a discharge mode such as direct current, alternating current, radio frequency, microwave, intermediate frequency, electric spark, or pulse.
  • the plasma excitation field 730 adopts a radio frequency discharge method, which may be capacitive coupling or inductive coupling.
  • the plasma excitation field 730 may be a resonant cavity, surface wave coupling, and electron cyclotron resonance using microwave discharge.
  • the discharge mode of the plasma excitation field 730 may be continuous discharge or pulse discharge.
  • the electrode device 731 includes a first electrode 7311 and a second electrode 7312, wherein a radio frequency voltage is provided between the first electrode 7311 and the second electrode 7312.
  • the electrode device 731 is used to provide a radio frequency voltage, wherein the first electrode 7311 is a radio frequency electrode for providing a radio frequency voltage, and the second electrode 7312 is a ground electrode. That is to say, the area between the first electrode 7311 and the second electrode 7312 generates a strong radio frequency voltage, while the radio frequency voltage of the surrounding area is lower, that is, the plasma environment in which the coating area 7101 is located It is weaker to avoid excessive activation or decomposition of gas monomer or monomer vapor.
  • first electrode 7311 and the second electrode 7312 are directly opposed to each other and have a certain facing area, so as to form the plasma excitation field 730 with a certain space area to supply the plasma source gas in the place.
  • the discharge between the electrodes of the plasma excitation field 730 generates plasma.
  • the electrode device 731 further includes a pulse power source, wherein the pulse power source is arranged in the coating chamber 710, wherein the pulse power source is used to provide a pulse voltage to act on the activated gas to accelerate the deposition rate, Improve coating efficiency.
  • the electrode device 731 is a microwave discharge electrode, which is used to generate a microwave discharge and act on the plasma source gas to generate a plasma environment.
  • the electrode device 731 is an intermediate frequency discharge electrode, which is used to generate a plasma environment through intermediate frequency discharge.
  • the electrode device 731 is an electric spark discharge electrode, which is used to generate a plasma environment through electric spark discharge.
  • the coating equipment 7100 further includes a support 740, that is, the support frame described above is implemented as the support 740 in this embodiment, wherein the support 740 is disposed in the coating area 7101 for supporting the substrate. material.
  • the bracket 740 is detachably fixed to the coating area 7101, that is, the bracket 740 is fixed to the inlet of the monomer source 720 and the plasma excitation field 730. Between the electrode device 731.
  • the pulse power supply includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the negative electrode is arranged on the support 740 to provide a negative pulse voltage, wherein the positive electrode is connected to the coating chamber 710 and grounded , To provide a positive pulse voltage, thereby accelerating the rate of film preparation on the surface of the substrate placed on the support 740.
  • the support 740 may be a layered structure for placing the substrate in layers.
  • the support 740 can also be a ring support, a square support, a flat support or a mesh support, etc., which is not limited herein.
  • the coating equipment 7100 further includes an air extraction device, wherein the air extraction device is connected to the air extraction port of the coating chamber 710 for controlling the air pressure of the coating chamber 710 during the coating process.
  • the pumping device is a dry pump, a molecular pump, or a Lodz pump.
  • this embodiment also provides a coating method of the coating equipment 7100, including:
  • the gas monomer or monomer vapor enters the plasma excitation field 30 through the coating area 7101 and is activated to prepare a thin film on the surface of the substrate.
  • FIG. 21 shows a coating device 7100A of the first modified embodiment of this application.
  • the coating device 7100A includes a coating chamber 710 and at least one monomer source 720 , A plasma excitation field 730 and at least one support 740A, wherein the support 740A is disposed in the coating chamber 710, wherein the support 740A has at least one support unit 741A for supporting the substrate, wherein the monomer
  • the source 720 is connected to the coating chamber 710 and is used to pass gas monomer or monomer vapor to the coating chamber 710, wherein the plasma excitation field 730 is provided in the coating chamber 710 for activating the gas Monomer or monomer vapor, wherein the supporting unit 741A of the bracket 740A can relatively reciprocate close to and away from the plasma excitation field 730 to prepare a thin film on the surface of the substrate.
  • the bracket 740A is movably disposed in the coating chamber 710, and the supporting unit 741A of the bracket 740A is movably close to or away from the plasma excitation field 730.
  • the supporting unit 741A may be one or more.
  • the feed port of the monomer source 720 and the plasma excitation field 730 are separated by a certain distance without overlapping each other, so as to provide an appropriate moving distance for the support 740A, so that the support unit 741A can enter and exit the plasma Excitation field 730.
  • the space area (the first space area) near the feed port of the monomer source 720 is filled with a large amount of gas monomer or monomer vapor, and the plasma excitation field
  • the space area (the second space area) near the electrode device 731 of 730 is filled with a large amount of the plasma source gas and discharges under the action of a voltage to generate a large amount of plasma to form a plasma environment.
  • the first space region is adjacent to the second space region, wherein the molecules in the first space region are mainly gas monomer or monomer vapor, and the molecules in the second space region are plasma Mainly, wherein the supporting unit 741A moves back and forth between the first space area and the second space area. It is understandable that the first space area and the second space area may have overlapping areas, but they are not completely overlapped.
  • the bracket 740A is a movable bracket, and a movable substrate is used to enter and exit the plasma excitation field 730.
  • the bracket 740A includes the supporting unit 741A and a movable unit 742A, wherein the supporting unit 741A is used to support a substrate, and the supporting unit 741A is connected to the movable unit 742A, and the supporting unit 741A is connected to the movable unit 742A.
  • the movable unit 742A can move in the coating chamber to be close to and away from the plasma excitation field 730. That is, in the above embodiment, the carrying frame is implemented as the supporting unit 741A, and the movable frame is implemented as the movable unit 742A.
  • the movable unit 742A is a pulley or a slideway structure.
  • the movable unit 742A is a retractable structure or the like.
  • the plasma excitation field 730 is movably disposed in the coating chamber 710 so that the support 740A is relatively close to and away from the plasma excitation field 730.
  • the feed port of the monomer source 720 and the plasma excitation field 730 are located on both sides of the moving path of the support 740A.
  • the support 740A performs a reciprocating motion, wherein the support unit 741A of the support 740A reciprocally moves between the plasma excitation field 730 and the feed port of the monomer source 720.
  • Moving the substrate repeatedly can alternately approach the plasma excitation field 730 or the feed inlet of the monomer source 720.
  • the feed inlet of the monomer source 720 and the plasma excitation field 730 may be located on both sides of the coating chamber 710.
  • the plasma excitation field 730 is located in the middle of the coating chamber 710, and the feed port of the monomer source 720 is distributed on the peripheral sides of the coating chamber 710.
  • the feed port of the monomer source 720 continuously fills the coating chamber 710 with gas monomer or monomer vapor, wherein the plasma excitation field 730 continuously releases the plasma source gas and provides a voltage.
  • the discharge generates plasma to form a plasma environment, wherein the supporting unit 741A of the support 740A reciprocally enters and exits the plasma environment formed by the plasma excitation field 730.
  • the gas monomer or monomer vapor adheres to the surface of the substrate to form a thin layer, that is, the gas monomer or monomer vapor is adsorbed on the substrate s surface.
  • the gas monomer or monomer vapor attached to the surface of the substrate is activated by the plasma.
  • the gas monomer or monomer vapor is grafted or polymerized with the activated molecules on the surface of the substrate, and the film grows and thickens, which is repeated continuously. , Until a film or coating of a predetermined thickness is prepared on the surface of the substrate.
  • the difference between the present invention and the prior art is that the prior art uses plasma to act on the gas monomer or monomer vapor in the space, in which the gas monomer or monomer vapor molecules are completely exposed to the plasma, and generate in the space. Decompose and generate various polymerization products, and then deposit on the surface of the substrate to prepare a film or coating, resulting in low molecular integrity in the film or coating, and poor performance of the film or coating; and in the present invention, the plasma The plasma generated by the excitation field 730 only acts on the gas monomer or monomer vapor molecules adsorbed on the surface of the substrate, and then grafts or polymerizes the gas monomer or monomer vapor molecules that have not been subjected to the plasma effect to prepare a thin film Or coating, and the molecular integrity is high, so the performance of the film or coating is better.
  • part of the monomer vapor diffuses into the plasma zone, decomposes and polymerizes in the plasma zone, and deposits on the surface of the substrate when it moves over, forming a part of the coating.
  • This part of the polymerization product has a higher degree of branching and cross-linking structure.
  • a certain degree of branching and cross-linking in the coating is beneficial to improve the polymerization efficiency and the stability of the coating.
  • the invention can conveniently control the branching and crosslinking ratio in the coating by adjusting the moving speed and residence time of the substrate between the monomer source and the plasma source to obtain the best coating characteristics.
  • the moving path, moving speed, rhythm, residence time, cycle time, and moving time of the support unit 741A can be preset to control the branching and cross-linking of molecules in the prepared coating. In order to ensure the performance, it is suitable for the preparation of the required film or coating.
  • the structural principles of the monomer source 720 and the plasma excitation field 730 are consistent with the preferred embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the film coating equipment of the present application prepares three types (Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3) of the thin film
  • Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 The thickness of the upper, middle, and lower layers (Table 1 below) and the thickness of the upper, middle, and lower layers of the three films prepared by the existing coating equipment (Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3) (Table 2 below)
  • Table 1 The thickness of the upper, middle, and lower layers
  • Table 2 The comparison of several groups is as follows:
  • Example one Example two Example three Upper layer thickness (nm) 343 365 368 Middle layer thickness (nm) 351 371 366 Lower layer thickness (nm) 346 374 359
  • Example one Example two Example three Upper layer thickness (nm) 225 247 209 Middle layer thickness (nm) 203 187 231 Lower layer thickness (nm) 162 235 158
  • the thickness and speed of the film prepared by the coating equipment of the present application are increased by 1.5-2 times compared with the existing coating equipment, and the thickness deviation between the upper, middle and lower layers of the film is relatively low.
  • the uniformity is high.
  • a coating equipment 7100B of the second modified embodiment of the application is different from the above-mentioned embodiment in that the coating equipment 7100B of the second modified embodiment includes a coating chamber 710, at least one The monomer source 720, a plasma excitation field 730, and at least one support 740B, wherein the support 740B is disposed in the coating chamber 710, and has at least one support unit 741B for supporting the substrate, wherein the support 740B
  • the body source 720 is connected to the coating chamber 710 and is used to pass gas monomer or monomer vapor into the coating chamber 710, wherein the plasma excitation field 730 is provided in the coating chamber 710 for activation Gas monomer or monomer vapor, wherein the supporting unit 741B of the bracket 740B can relatively reciprocate close to and away from the plasma excitation field 730 for preparing a thin film on the surface of the substrate.
  • the support 740B is rotatably disposed in the coating chamber 710, and as the support 740B rotates, the support unit 741B reciprocally approaches or moves away from the plasma excitation field 730.
  • the bracket 740B is a rotatable structure.
  • the bracket 740B includes the support unit 741B and a rotatable unit 742B, wherein the support unit 741B is connected to the rotatable unit 742B, and the rotatable unit 742B is rotatably installed on the support unit 742B.
  • the supporting unit 41B reciprocally approaches or moves away from the plasma excitation field 730.
  • each supporting unit 741B is arranged around the rotatable unit 742B, and the rotatable unit 742B of the bracket 740B is located between the plasma excitation field 730 and the rotatable unit 742B.
  • the supporting units 741B are alternately in turn in the vicinity of the feed inlet of the monomer source 720
  • the space region (the first space region) and the space region near the plasma excitation field 730 (the second space region) reciprocate.
  • the rotation axis of the rotatable unit 742B is the middle position of the coating chamber 710, wherein the plasma excitation field 730 is located on one side of the coating chamber 710, and the monomer source 720 It is located on the other side of the coating chamber 710 and does not overlap with the plasma excitation field 730.
  • the gas monomer or monomer vapor adheres to the surface of the substrate to form a thin film.
  • the layer that is, the gas monomer or monomer vapor is adsorbed on the surface of the substrate.
  • the gas monomer or monomer vapor attached to the surface of the substrate is activated by the plasma.
  • the gas monomer or monomer vapor is grafted or polymerized with the activated molecules on the surface of the substrate, and the film layer grows. The thickening is repeated continuously until a film or coating of a predetermined thickness is prepared on the surface of the substrate.
  • the bracket 740B performs a circular motion or an elliptical motion, wherein each of the substrates is located at a circumferential position of the bracket 740B, so as to reciprocate circular motion or elliptical motion with the bracket 740B, in a circular motion
  • the plasma excitation field 730 enters and exits alternately in the manner of motion or elliptical motion.
  • the rotation speed, rhythm, cycle time of the rotatable unit 742B, the radius of rotation of the support unit 741B and the residence time in the first space area and the second space area can be predicted. It is designed to control and adjust the ratio of intermolecular branching and cross-linking in the prepared coating to ensure performance, so as to be suitable for preparing the desired film or coating with good performance.
  • FIG. 23 and FIG. 24 show a modified implementation of the second modified embodiment of the application, in which the plasma excitation field 730 is located in the middle of the coating chamber 710, and a plurality of the monomer sources 720 are respectively located on the peripheral sides of the coating chamber 710, wherein a plurality of the brackets 740B are respectively located between the monomer source 720 and the plasma excitation field 730, and the brackets 740B do not interfere with each other.
  • the middle area of the coating chamber 710 is the second space area and is filled with a large amount of plasma
  • the surrounding area of the coating chamber 710 is the first space area and is filled with a large amount of gas monomers.
  • each of the brackets 740B is arranged in the coating cavity 710, and the supporting units 741B of each of the brackets 740B are alternately located in the first space area and the second space Movement between areas to achieve mass coating.
  • the electrode device 731 of the plasma excitation field 730 is set in the middle of the coating chamber 710, wherein the electrode device 731 has a columnar structure, and the electrode device 731 is located on each of the brackets 740B. In the middle of, the supporting unit 741B of each bracket 740B rotates around the axis of the electrode device 731.
  • the first electrode 7311 and the second electrode 7312 of the electrode device 731 are juxtaposed, wherein the first electrode 7311 is a radio frequency electrode, and the second electrode 7312 is grounded.
  • the first electrode 7311 may be a columnar structure with a right-angled cross section of a plurality of ring rows, or a structure with other shapes, which is not limited herein.
  • the gas extraction port of the coating chamber 710 is located above or below the electrode device 731 for exhausting the gas in the coating chamber 710 during the coating process.
  • the electrode device 731 of the plasma excitation field 730 is arranged in the middle position of the coating chamber 710, wherein an air extraction column is provided in the middle position of the coating chamber 710, wherein the air extraction column
  • the side wall of has an exhaust hole to communicate with the outside, and the exhaust column is connected with the exhaust device for exhausting the gas in the coating chamber 710 and controlling the air pressure.
  • the second electrode 7311 of the electrode device 731 is electrically connected to the suction column and grounded, wherein the first electrode 7312 is arranged on the outside of the suction column to serve as a radio frequency electrode.
  • the air extraction column serves as the second electrode 7312 of the electrode device 731 and is grounded, wherein the first electrode 7311 is disposed outside the air extraction column, and the first electrode 7311 It may be a cylindrical columnar structure to be sleeved on the outside of the suction column.
  • the sidewall of the first electrode 7311 has a plurality of through holes to ensure the exhaust rate of the gas in the coating chamber 710 from the air extraction column.
  • the first electrode 7311 of the electrode device 731 may be set on the support 740B, and the second electrode 7312 is electrically connected to the suction column and grounded, so that the suction column serves as The second electrode.
  • the support 740B includes an electrode element made of a conductive material, wherein the electrode element is electrically connected to the first electrode 7311, or the support 740B is made of a conductive material and is electrically connected to the first electrode 7311.
  • the coating chamber 710 has a cylindrical structure.
  • the coating equipment 7100B further includes a revolution frame 750B, wherein the revolution frame 750B is rotatably arranged in the coating chamber 710, and takes the center of the coating chamber 710 as an axis ,
  • the rotatable unit 742B of each of the brackets 70B is mounted on the revolution frame 750B in a ring, and rotates with the rotation of the revolution frame 750B, that is, the bracket 740B is in the shape of The center is the axis revolution.
  • the rotation axis of the rotatable unit 742B is located at a half radius of the coating chamber 710, wherein each of the brackets 740B rotates on its own axis. And during the process of rotation, the substrate supported by each support unit 741B alternately moves between the first space area and the second space area to achieve coating.
  • the support 740B and the revolution support 750B drive each of the substrates to make planetary or planetary motions, wherein the plasma excitation field 730 is set on the path that the substrate passes through, so that Each of the substrates alternately enters and exits the plasma excitation field 730.
  • revolution speed of the revolution frame 750B can be preset, and the revolution radius of the bracket 740B can be preset. Further, the speed ratio between the revolution frame 750B and the support 740B, and the ratio of revolution and rotation speed between the revolution frame 750B and the support 740B can be preset to adjust the substrate in the first space area or The residence time or moving speed in the second space area is described to control the coating.
  • the support or structure for supporting and moving the substrate is implemented as a spherical motion structure to support and drive each substrate to perform spherical motion in the coating chamber 710, wherein
  • the plasma excitation field 730 is arranged on a partial area of the spherical surface to be located on the path passed by the substrate, so that the substrate alternately enters and exits the plasma excitation field 730.
  • the support or structure for supporting and moving the substrate is implemented as a swingable structure to support and drive each substrate to swing back and forth in the coating chamber 710, wherein The plasma excitation field 730 is arranged on the swing path, so that the substrate moves in and out of the plasma excitation field 730 by swinging.
  • the support or structure for supporting the substrate may be fixed to the coating chamber, wherein the plasma excitation field is implemented to be movable, and the plasma excitation
  • the electrode device of the field moves in the coating chamber 710 through a movable structure, so that the substrate relatively enters and exits the plasma excitation field.
  • the movable structure can be a reciprocating structure, a swing structure, or a circular motion. Structure, spherical motion structure, planetary motion structure, etc., are not restricted here.
  • the present application also provides a coating method of the coating equipment, including:
  • the support can be moved or rotated relatively close to or away from the plasma excitation field, wherein the support is used to support the substrate for preparing a thin film on the surface of the substrate.

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Abstract

一镀膜装置包括一具有一反应腔的腔室体,一支撑架,一单体释放源以及一等离子激发源。所述单体释放源具有至少一释放进口用于引入膜层形成材料进入所述腔室体的所述反应腔。所述等离子激发源被配置于所述腔室体的所述反应腔以激发所述膜层形成材料。所述支撑架被设置以支撑一基材,其中所述支撑架被操作地在所述反应腔内移动,以引导所述基材交替地移动靠近所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源,以避免所述膜层形成材料过度分解。

Description

镀膜设备及其镀膜方法 技术领域
本发明涉及沉积式镀膜,尤其涉及一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,以供施加并形成一膜层于一基材,所述基材被适于安置于一膜层形成材料的释放源和一等离子激发源之间而防止在一膜层成型工艺中所述膜层形成材料过度分解。
背景技术
镀膜设备被安置而用于在一基材的表面形成一聚合物涂层或薄膜,所述基材的制成材料包括,但不限于,金属、玻璃、陶瓷、聚合物、纤维、粉末以及半导体,进而提高所述基材的多种性能,例如疏水性、亲水性、疏油性、防锈、防霉、防潮、导电导热性、生物医学、光学、摩擦性能。
一种典型的镀膜设备利用等离子体气相沉积方法PECVD(Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition),其通常地被制造以供引入一气体膜层形成材料进入一真空室,所述真空室中有一个或多个所述基材被放置,进而在所述基材的表面形成聚合物涂层。更具体地,所述气体膜层形成材料,可能包括,但不限于,有机材料,有机硅材料,无机材料,及以上的组合,其是一单体气体或单体蒸汽,藉由释放电能至所述单体而生产多种活性前体物质被激活为等离所述基材。然后,活性前体物质和所述单体之间发生反应,或者活性前体物质自身发生反应,聚合物薄膜随后沉积并形成于所述基材的表面。
单体应该被激发以产生活性前体物质,但是单体在等离子激发介质中的过度暴露会导致单体的过度分解,从而使得沉积速度和聚合物膜层的均匀性受到不利影响。
如图1A,现有的镀膜设备包括一腔室体1,用于将一膜层形成材料引入腔室体1中的膜层形成材料的一释放源2,以及用于对膜层形成材料施加电能的一等离子激发源3,以激发所述膜层形成材料。如图所示,一个或多个基材4被布置于所述等离子激发源3的相对电极之间。所述膜层形成材料被分散到所述等离子激发源3的相对电极之间的空间中而经历激发过程,以供产生活性前体物质。由于膜层形成材料在所述等离子激发源3的作用下被激发,然后沉积在放置于所述等离子激发源3中的所述基材4上,因此膜层形成材料可能发生过度分解。另外, 所述基材4在所述等离子激发源3的电极之间的暴露也可能导致对所述基材4的伤害。
如图1B,另一种现有的镀膜设备包括一腔室体1,膜层形成材料的一释放源2和放置于膜层形成材料的所述释放源2与待镀膜的基材4之间的一等离子激发源3。在镀膜方法期间,需要膜层形成材料穿过所述等离子激发源3的相对电极之间的空间,以在到达所述基材4之前实施用于产生活性前体物质的激发过程。
美国专利号US7,968,154B2,题为“将前体汽化为用于涂覆远端基材的激发介质”和美国专利号US8,029,872B2,题为“将膜层形成材料施加到至少一个基材上”,公开了这种包括汽化单体源和等离子激发介质的涂层设备。所述基材和汽化的单体源分别位于等离子激发介质的相对两侧,汽化单体源经过等离子激发介质,然后沉积在等离子激发介质的相对侧的基材表面上形成聚合物膜层。因此可以看出,汽化的单体仅在通过等离子激发介质之后才能沉积在基材的表面上。等离子激发介质可以使相对大部分的汽化单体在相对较长的时间内分解,使得汽化单体可能发生过度分解,因此所形成的膜层难以保持汽化的膜层形成材料的化学性质。
美国专利申请号US16/095179,题为“多源低功率低温等离子体聚合镀膜装置和方法”的公开了一种镀膜装置,所述镀膜装置通过组合多个小面积,低功率的光源高频放电以代替单个大面积,大功率高频放电源。然而,所述方法仍然在某种程度上过度破坏了单体的化学单体结构,并导致形成的聚合物膜层的质量不令人满意,并且装置的结构相对复杂并且难以组装。
发明内容
本发明的一个主要优势在于提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中在等离子体聚合镀膜方法期间,一基材被适于在其表面上形成有膜层而不会过度地破坏膜层形成材料。
本发明的另一个优势在于提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中待镀膜的所述基材被适于放置于用于将膜层形成材料引入到一腔室体中的一单体释放源和用于激发膜层形成材料的一等离子激发源之间,使得作为气态单体或单体蒸汽的膜层形成材料在到达基材之前不需要通过所述等离子激发源,因此减少了膜层形成材料的过度分解。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中待镀膜的基材被适于被放置于这样的位置,与所述等离子激发源相比,距所述单体释放源的距离更小,以一种至少一部分膜层形成材料在到达等离子激发源之前到达定位基材的区域的方式,从而在到达基材之前不需要所有膜层形成材料都穿过等离子激发源。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中所述单体释放源,用于支撑所述基材的一支撑架,以及所述等离子激发源的构造能够保持期望的活性前体物质之间的反应水平,这是由一定比例的单体到达所述等离子激发源而另一部分单体尚未分解成活性前体物质所产生的,从而提高了在基材表面上形成的聚合物膜层的质量。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中根据一些实施方式,待镀膜的基材可以被支撑在所述支撑架上,所述支撑架可以在单体释放源和等离子激发源之间移动,以调节所述基材与所述等离子激发源之间的距离,以控制和调节沉积在基材表面上的形成的聚合物材料的构成成分。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中根据一些实施方式,至少一部分的所述膜层形成材料在达到所述基材之前不需要被所述等离子激发源激发,但是能够沉积在所述基材,和活性前体物质和单体之间发生反应,以避免所述膜层形成材料过度分解。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中根据一些实施方式,当所述基材被移动至一邻近所述单体释放源的位置时,所述膜层形成材料的一第一膜层沉积于所述基材,和然后当所述基材被移动至一邻近所述等离子激发源的位置,所述膜层形成材料的所述第一膜层受所述等离子激发源的激发过程的影响产生活性前体物质,当所述基材朝向所述单体释放源移动时,所述膜层形成材料的一第二膜层被沉积于所述第一膜层,和所述活性前体物质与所述单体之间发生反应。重复上述步骤,以在所述基材形成所需厚度的所述聚合物膜层,从而减少了所述膜层形成材料的过度分解。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中根据一些实施方式,在所述基材的运动过程中,所述膜层形成材料的一部分分散至所述等离子激发源的周围区域,和产生活性前体物质并沉积于所述基材,以使所述活性前体物质和所述单体之间得到充分的反应,以增强了在所述基材形成的聚合物膜层的分子结构中的接枝生长和交联。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中根据一些实施方式,所述基材的移动速度和所述基材在邻近所述单体释放源的位置以及所述基材在邻近所述等离子激发源的滞留时间能够被调整,以控制在所述基材形成的聚合物膜层的分子结构中的接枝生长和交联的比例,以提高所述聚合物膜层的质量。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中根据一些实施方式,所述等离子激发源被设置于所述腔室体的一反应腔的大致中央位置处,同时多个所述基材可以被布置于所述等离子激发源周围,其中所述膜层形成材料,可以被释放自所述腔室体的内壁相邻的位置上的所述单体释放源,被径向地分散到反应腔中,并且在到达等离子激发源之前必须穿过放置基材的区域。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中根据一些实施方式,用于支撑所述基材的所述支撑架可以实施为包括在所述反应腔中相对于所述等离子激发源旋转的旋转架,而改变所述基材和所述等离子激发源之间的相对位置,还起到搅拌分散到所述反应腔中的汽态的膜层形成材料的作用,以增加在所述基材表面上形成的聚合物膜层的均匀性。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中根据一些实施方式,所述基材和膜层形成材料的所述单体释放源之间的相对运动是可控制的,从而调节所述膜层形成材料到达所述基材的量,而不受所述等离子激发源激发的影响,使得活性前体物质和单体可以充分反应,使得高质量的聚合物膜层沉积在所述基材表面。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中根据一些实施方式,所述基材和所述等离子激发源之间的相对运动是可控制的,以控制到达所述表面的活性前体物质的量,在基材表面上形成聚合物膜层之前,使活性前体物质和单体充分反应。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中根据一些实施例,所述基材被适于被支撑在可绕其中心轴旋转并且还沿一旋转架旋转的支撑架上,以调节所述基材和所述等离子激发源之间的相对位置,以调节到达所述基材的活性前体物质和单体的量,以在所述基材表面上形成聚合物膜层。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中待镀膜的基材被适于布置于所述等离子激发源的外侧,从而在镀膜工艺中避免了所述等离子激发源对所述基材的损坏。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中所述膜层被均匀地形成在所述基材的表面上,并且提升了沉积速度。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中提升了形成聚合物膜层的膜层形成材料的利用量,从而避免浪费并降低成本。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中增强了聚合物膜层的分子结构中的接枝生长和交联,并且实现了聚合物膜层的分子结构的完整性,从而确保聚合物膜层的良好性能。
本发明的另一个优势是提供一种镀膜设备及镀膜方法,其中所述设备结构简单,易于操作和维护。
本发明的其它优势和特点通过下述的详细说明得以充分体现并可通过所附权利要求中特地指出的手段和装置的组合得以实现。
依本发明的一个方面,能够实现前述目的和其他目的和优势的本发明的一用于在基材表面形成膜层的镀膜设备,其中所述镀膜设备包括一腔室体,一单体释放源和一等离子激发源。所述腔室体具有一反应腔,其中所述腔室体具有用于定位所述基材的一基材定位区。所述单体释放源具有一释放进口,用于将一膜层形成材料引入到所述腔室体的所述反应腔中。所述等离子激发源被设置于所述腔室体的反应腔中,用于激发所述膜层形成材料,其中所述基材定位区位于所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源之间的位置,以一种所述基材适合被布置于所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源之间的方式。
根据本发明的另一个方面,本发明提供了一用于在基材表面形成膜层的镀膜设备,其中所述镀膜设备包括具有一反应腔的一腔室体,一支撑架,一单体释放源和一等离子激发源。所述支撑架具有用于在所述腔室体的所述反应腔内支撑所述基材的一支撑区。所述单体释放源具有一释放进口,用于将一膜层形成材料引入到所述腔室体的所述反应腔中。所述等离子激发源被设置于所述腔室体的所述反应腔中,用于激发所述膜层形成材料,其中所述支撑架的所述支撑区位于所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源之间的位置,使得所述基材适用于被布置于所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源之间。
根据本发明的另一方面,本发明提供了一种用于在基材表面形成膜层的镀膜方法,其中所述镀膜方法包括以下步骤:
(a)布置所述基材在一腔室体的一反应腔中的一单体释放源与一等离子激 发源之间的位置处;
(b)将一膜层形成材料通过所述单体释放源引入所述反应腔中,以在所述等离子激发源的作用下在所述基材的表面上形成一聚合物膜层。
根据本发明的另一方面,本发明提供了一种用于在基材表面形成膜层的镀膜设备,其中所述镀膜设备包括具有一反应腔的一腔室体,一支撑架,一单体释放源和一等离子激发源。所述单体释放源具有一释放进口,用于将一膜层形成材料引入到所述腔室体的所述反应腔中。所述等离子激发源被设置于所述腔室体的所述反应腔中,用于激发所述膜层形成材料。所述支撑架用于支撑所述基材,所述支撑架被操作在所述反应腔内移动,以带动所述基材交替地移动靠近所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源。
通过对随后的描述和附图的理解,本发明进一步的目的和优势将得以充分体现。
本发明的这些和其它目的、特点和优势,通过下述的详细说明,附图和权利要求得以充分体现。
附图说明
图1A是现有技术的镀膜设备的示意图。
图1B是另一现有技术的镀膜设备的示意图。
图2A是根据本发明的第一优选实施例的一镀膜设备的原理示意图。
图2B是根据本发明的上述第一优选实施例的所述镀膜设备的原理示意图,阐释着所述镀膜设备被放置一基材以供实施所述镀膜方法。
图2C是根据本发明的上述第一优选实施例的一可行方式的所述镀膜设备的原理示意图。
图2D是根据本发明的上述第一优选实施例的另一可行方式的所述镀膜设备的原理示意图。
图3A是根据本发明的第二优选实施例的一镀膜设备的原理示意图。
图3B和3C是根据本发明的上述第二优选实施例的所述镀膜设备的原理示意图,阐释着一支撑架携带所述基材并移动于一单体释放源和一等离子激发源之间。
图4A是根据本发明的上述第二优选实施例的一可行方式的所述镀膜设备的原理示意图。
图4B是根据本发明的上述第二优选实施例的另一可行方式的所述镀膜设备的原理示意图。
图5A和5B是根据本发明的上述第二优选实施例的一可行方式的所述镀膜设备的原理示意图,阐释着一支撑架被安装着所述等离子激发源并携带所述基材移动于一单体释放源和一等离子激发源之间。
图6A和6B是根据本发明的上述第二优选实施例的一可行方式的所述镀膜设备的原理示意图,阐释着一支撑架携带所述基材或近或远地移动于一单体释放源。
图7是根据本发明的第三优选实施例的一镀膜设备的原理示意图。
图8是根据本发明的上述第三优选实施例的一可行方式的所述镀膜设备的原理示意图。
图9是根据本发明的上述第三优选实施例的另一可行方式的所述镀膜设备的原理示意图。
图10是根据本发明的上述第三优选实施例的一镀膜设备的示意图。
图11和图12是根据本发明的上述第三优选实施例在所述镀膜设备中移动的所述基材示意图。
图13A、13B和13C是根据本发明的上述第三优选实施例的在所述镀膜设备中移动的所述基材的剖面示意图。
图14A、14B和14C是根据本发明的第四优选实施例的在所述镀膜设备中移动所述基材的示意图。
图15是根据本发明的第五优选实施例的一镀膜设备的示意图。
图16是根据本发明的上述第五优选实施例的所述镀膜设备的剖面图。
图17是根据本发明的上述第五优选实施例的一可选实施的所述镀膜设备的剖面图。
图18是根据本发明的第六优选实施例的所述镀膜设备的剖面图。
图19是根据本发明的第七优选实施例的一镀膜设备的模块示意图。
图20是根据本发明的上述第七优选实施例的所述镀膜设备的结构框图。
图21是根据本发明的第一变形实施例的一镀膜设备的结构示意图。
图22是根据本发明的第二变形实施例的一镀膜设备的结构示意图。
图23是根据本发明的第二变形实施例的所述镀膜设备的一种变形实施方式 的结构示意图。
图24是根据本发明的第二变形实施例的所述镀膜设备的一种变形实施方式的公转架的模块示意图。
具体实施方式
以下描述用于揭露本发明以使本领域技术人员能够实现本发明。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例,本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变型。在以下描述中界定的本发明的基本原理可以应用于其他实施方案、变形方案、改进方案、等同方案以及没有背离本发明的精神和范围的其他技术方案。
本领域技术人员应理解的是,在本发明的揭露中,术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,其仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此上述术语不能理解为对本发明的限制。
可以理解的是,术语“一”应理解为“至少一”或“一个或多个”,即在一个实施例中,一个元件的数量可以为一个,而在另外的实施例中,该元件的数量可以为多个,术语“一”不能理解为对数量的限制。
如图2A和图2B,一镀膜设备,被布置而实施一种新颖的等离子体聚合镀膜方法用于在一基材90的一表面91上形成一聚合物膜层92,被根据本发明的第一优选实施例而阐释。更具体地,所述镀膜设备包括:一腔室体10定义一反应腔11,一单体释放源20被连通于所述反应腔11,用于将作为气态单体或单体蒸汽的一膜层形成材料201引入所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中,以及一等离子激发源30被可操作地以在所述反应腔11内部产生一感应电场以形成等离子体,以一种所述等离子激发源30向所述膜层形成材料201施加电能以激发所述膜层形成材料201的方式,使得分解所述膜层形成材料201以形成活性前体物质,从而使所述膜层形成材料201被活化为等离子体状态,从而诱发活性前体物质与单体之间的反应,和在所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中的活性前体物质之间的反应,使得然后在所述基材90的所述表面91上沉积并形成所述聚合物膜层92。
根据本发明的本优选实施例,如图2B所示,所述等离子激发源30被布置于 所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中远离所述单体释放源20的位置。所述腔室体10具有布置于所述单体释放源20与等离子激发源30之间的一基材定位区12,从而至少一个所述基材90适合于被布置于所述单体释放源20与所述等离子激发源30之间的所述反应腔11中,在本发明的等离子体聚合镀膜方法中,以供形成所述基材90的所述表面91的所述聚合物膜层92。
相应地,在所述基材90的等离子体聚合镀膜方法中,一个或多个所述基材90,可以以一种所述单体释放源20布置于所述腔室体10的所述基材定位区12的第一侧,所述等离子激发源30位于所述基材90的相对的第二侧的方式,被设置于基材主体11的所述基材定位区12处,使得当将所述膜层形成材料201被释放到所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中时,所述膜层形成材料201不必在到达所述基材90之前先通过所述等离子激发源30,以避免所述膜层形成材料201的过度分解。
具体地,当所述单体释放源20被操作以释放所述膜层形成材料201,所述膜层形成材料201散入所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11,并首先地到达腔室体10的所述基材定位区12,仅一部分所述膜层形成材料201受到所述等离子激发源30的激发,使所述膜层形成材料201分解,聚合并沉积在基材的所述表面91上,以形成所述聚合物膜层92。
在本发明的等离子体聚合镀膜方法中,由于所述基材90被适于被放置于从所述单体释放源20流向所述等离子激发源30的所述膜层形成材料201的流动路径中,并且所述基材90和所述单体释放源20的距离小于所述基材90和所述等离子激发源30之间的距离,不是所有的所述膜层形成材料201都被所述等离子激发源30激发,从而避免所述膜层形成材料201过度分解。
可以将所述基材90直接地放置于所述腔室体10的所述基材定位区12上。或者,如图2B所示,可以将多个所述基材90放置于所述支撑架40,然后装载有多个所述基材90的所述支撑架40被放置于所述腔室体10的所述基材定位区12,并被容纳在所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11。或者,所述支撑架40可以放置于所述腔室体10的所述基材定位区12并被容纳在所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11,然后多个所述基材90被放置于所述支撑架40。在另一可行方式中,所述支撑架40被安装至所述腔室体10并被置于所述反应腔11,在镀膜工艺中,多个所述基材90被放置于所述支撑架40。
所述支撑架40包括一承载架41,所述承载架41可以包括用于支撑多层的所述基材90的多个支撑平台。所述承载架41具有用于放置和支撑所述基材90的一支撑区411,并且所述支撑区411被布置于所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间。在可行的方式中,整个所述支撑架40可以不布置于所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间,而是用于支撑所述基材90的所述支撑架40的所述支撑区411被布置在所述单体释放源20与所述等离子激发源30之间,放置于所述支撑架的所述支撑区411上的所述基材90可以被放置于所述单体释放源20与所述等离子激发源30之间。
本领域的技术人员应当理解,所述腔室体10的所述基材定位区12是用于直接支撑一个或多个所述基材90的区域,或者是用于支撑并容纳被适于装载一个或多个所述基材90的所述支撑架40的区域。
本发明的腔室体10是壳体,其限定所述反应腔11。所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11的横截面可以是,但不限于,圆形,椭圆形,多边形,诸如矩形,五边形,六边形,七边形,八边形,九边形,和十边形。作为本优选实施例的一个实施例,所述腔室体10被构造成具有矩形反应腔11。所述单体释放源20被布置于矩形所述反应腔11的第一侧,而所述等离子激发源30可以被布置于矩形所述反应腔11的相对的第二侧。如图所示,在所述等离子激发源30远离所述单体释放源20的同时,所述单体释放源20可以与所述腔室体10的所述第一侧壁101相邻布置,并所述等离子激发源30被布置于所述腔室体10的所述第二侧壁102处,所述第二侧壁102与所述腔室体10的所述第一侧壁101相对。
所述单体释放源20具有至少一释放进口21用于引入所述膜层形成材料201进入所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11。所述释放进口21被形成于所述腔室体10的壁,并穿透所述腔室体10的壁层。可选地,所述释放进口21可以被形成于一供给喷嘴,被嵌入在所述腔室体10。可选地,所述释放进口21被形成于一供给喷嘴,一个进料头位于进料管的远端,延伸到所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11。
根据本发明的本优选实施例,所述镀膜装置还包括用于将所述膜层形成材料201供应至所述单体释放源20的一单体供应单元50。更具体地,本优选实施例的所述单体供应单元50包括一材料储存器51,用于存储所述膜层形成材料201的原材料202,一汽化器52用于汽化原材料202,以及一输送管系统53用于将所述原材料202从所述材料储存器51输送到所述单体释放源20。相应的,通过 所述单体释放源20释放的所述膜层形成材料201是汽化的单体材料。所述膜层形成材料201的所述原料202可以是单独的或混合的液体或液/固浆料,并且所述汽化器52可以包括一雾化器和一加热装置,一超声喷嘴或喷雾器。举例说明,所述汽化器52可以包括一加热装置其被提供加热所述原料202于所述输送管系统53,以供产生汽化单体材料。所述加热装置可以被提供于所述输送管系统53的任何位置。具体地,所述加热装置可以被提供于对应于所述单体释放源20的位置,使得当处于液态所述原料202被输送至所述单体释放源20时,所述原料202将被所述加热装置加热并产生被释放入所述反应腔11的汽化单体材料。
所述膜层形成材料201的所述原料202可以是粉末,并且所述汽化器52可以是平喷气体喷射汽化器。另外,还可以与所述膜层形成材料201一起供应载气。所述材料储存器51,所述汽化器52,所述输送管系统53和所述单体释放源20的数量不受限制,在一些实施例中,可以采用一个或多个所述材料储存器51,所述汽化器52,所述输送管系统53和所述单体释放源20。
所述等离子激发源30的放电方式包括,但不限于,直流放电,交流放电,音频放电,由电容耦合或电感耦合射频放电,谐振腔微波放电,表面波耦合或电子回旋共振,中频放电,潘宁放电,火花放电和脉冲放电。另外,所述等离子激发源30可以被操作以连续地或以脉冲方式放电。
如图2A和2B所示,所述等离子激发源30包括一电极装置31,以用于在所述反应腔11产生一电场以供在所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11产生等离子体。在本优选实施例中,所述电极装置31包括一第一电极311和一第二电极312,第一电极311和第二电极312之间界定了一释放场313。作为示例,本优选实施例的一对电极311、312作为正负电极被设置于所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中远离所述单体释放源20的位置,并且被连接至放置于腔室外侧的诸如RF发生器之类的一能量源。可选地,所述第一电极311可以电连接到所述能量源,并且所述第二电极312可以接地。优选地,每个所述第一电极311和第二电极312可以被实施为多孔电极,其具有多个孔连通于所述反应腔11内的所述释放场313。
所述膜层形成材料201本身可以用作等离子体源气体。此外,所述镀膜设备还可包括一等离子体源气体供给单元,用于将等离子体源气体,其包括但不限于惰性气体和氮气,供给到所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中。在所述单体释放源20将所述膜层形成材料201供给到所述反应腔11中之前,在所述等离子激发源 30的作用下,可以将等离子体源气体注入所述反应腔11中以产生等离子体,从而提供等离子体环境。另外,载气可以用作等离子体源气体,并且在将所述膜层形成材料201供给到所述反应腔11中之前,将载气引入所述反应腔11中以产生等离子体。
值得一提的是,本领域的技术人员能够理解,一个或多个额外的释放源,用于释放涂形成材料201,可以被布置于腔室体10,以所述等离子激发源30在所述基材90和用于释放所述膜层形成材料201的附加释放源之间的位置这样的方式。在这些实施例中,一部分所述膜层形成材料201通过所述单体释放源20在邻近所述腔室体的基材定位区12的位置处通过所述单体释放源20释放。而另一部分所述膜层形成材料201通过附加的释放源释放,并在到达所述基材90之前穿过所述等离子激发源30,使得并非所有的所述膜层形成材料201都被所述等离子激发源30激发,为了防止所有的所述膜层形成材料201分解成小的物质。
另外,所述镀膜设备还可包括其他部件,例如一压力调节单元60,其与所述等离子激发源30相邻并且远离所述单体释放源20,用于调节所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中的压力,一控制单元,用于控制所述镀膜设备的操作,一尾气管,用于收集尾气。在本发明的等离子体聚合镀膜方法中,在将所述膜层形成材料201供给到所述反应腔11之前,在压力调节单元60的作用下,所述反应腔11是真空室。术语“真空室”是指腔室具有比腔室外部更低的气压,所述术语不一定意味着腔室被抽至真空状态。
本发明的所述基材90包括金属,玻璃,陶瓷,聚合物,织物,纤维,粉末,和半导体,并且可以但不限于电子元件或电子设备,机械部件或机械设备,纺织品,例如,电子部件或电子设备可以但不限于移动电话,寻呼机,收音机,扬声器,麦克风,振铃器,蜂鸣器,助听器,音频播放器,电视,笔记本电脑,笔记本电脑,平板电脑,键盘,PCB电路板,显示器或传感器。所述聚合物膜层92可以是但不限于疏水涂层,亲水涂层,疏油涂层,防锈涂层,防霉涂层,防潮涂层,导电和导热涂层,生物医学涂层,光学涂层和摩擦涂层。所述聚合物膜层92沉积于所述基材90的所述表面91可以是所述基材90的整个表面,或者所述基材90的整个表面的部分区域。
所述聚合物膜层92可以为丙烯酸涂层、环氧涂层、有机硅涂层、聚氨酯涂层或对二甲苯涂层,典型的所述聚合物膜层92是疏水性聚合物涂层,而所述膜 层形成材料201包括基于CF3的全氟化合物,全氟烯烃,含氢的不饱和化合物,任选取代的炔烃,聚醚取代的烯烃,包含两个双键的有机化合物,饱和的有机化合物。具有至少5个碳原子的任选取代的烷基链,其任选地与杂原子插入,含有至少一个杂原子的大环。
所述膜层形成材料201可以为单个分子的单体、低聚物或其组合物等,例如,低聚物可以为双聚合物,如对二甲苯C和对二甲苯N等。作为所述膜层形成材料201的实施例,单体是一种或多种单官能不饱和氟代化合物和一种或多种多官能不饱和烃衍生物的混合物。氟代化合物包括但不限于甲基丙烯酸3-(全氟-5-甲基己基)-2-羟丙基酯,甲基丙烯酸2-(全氟癸基)乙基酯,甲基丙烯酸2-(全氟己基)乙基酯,1,1,2,2-丙烯酸四氢全氟十四烷基酯,丙烯酸1H,1H,2H,2H-十七碳氟癸基酯,丙烯酸1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛基丙烯酸酯,丙烯酸2-(全氟丁基)乙酯,(2H-全氟丙基)-2-丙烯酸酯,(全氟环己基)丙烯酸甲酯,1-丙炔,3,3,3-三氟-,1-乙炔基-3,5-二氟苯和4-乙炔基-三氟甲苯。所述多官能不饱和烃衍生物包括但不限于乙氧基化三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯,三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯,二乙烯基苯,聚(乙二醇)二丙烯酸酯,1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯,乙二醇二丙烯酸酯,二乙二醇二乙烯基醚和新戊二醇二丙烯酸酯。
作为另一示例,所述聚合物膜层92形成在所述基材90的所述表面91上以保护所述表面91免受化学腐蚀并增强疏水性能。更具体地,单体具有由下式表示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2020095076-appb-000001
其中R1,R2,和R3是疏水基团,并独立地选自氢,烷基,卤素,或卤代烷基,其中m为0-8的整数,n是1-15的整数,X为H或卤素,进一步地,X为卤素F。
如图2C所示,阐释了根据上述第一优选实施例的所述镀膜设备的可行的方式。所述支撑架40被可移动设置于所述室体10的所述反应腔11。具体的实施例中,所述支撑架40可操作以绕其中心轴旋转,以使所述基材90于所述反应腔11的位置是可以调节的,以调节所述基材90与所述等离子激发源30之间的距 离,进而调节所述基材90与所述单体释放源20之间的距离,以控制和调节沉积在所述基材90的所述表面91上的形成聚合物材料的组成。
根据上述第一优选实施例,如图2D所示,所述镀膜装置的另一可行方式。在所述实施方式中,所述单体供应单元50包括材料存储器51,用于存储所述膜层形成材料201的气态原料,并且不需要汽化器。换句话说,所述膜层形成材料201被存储在所述材料存储器51中,并且通过所述输送管系统53被直接地送到所述单体释放源20。
例如,本优选实施例的所述镀膜设备可以用于在所述基材90的所述表面91上形成DLC(类金刚石碳)膜。将主要由气态烃组成的所述膜层形成材料201直接引入到所述镀膜设备的所述反应腔11,以实施PECVD工艺。
相应地,本发明提供一种镀膜方法用于由所述镀膜装置在所述基材90上镀膜,所述镀膜方法包括以下步骤。
(a)布置所述基材90于所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中的所述单体释放源20与所述等离子激发源30之间的位置;
(b)通过所述单体释放源20,引入所述膜层形成材料201进入所述反应腔11中,以实施PECVD工艺,以在所述等离子激发源30的作用下在所述基材90的所述表面91上形成所述聚合物膜层92。
步骤(a)可以包括步骤:放置一个或多个所述基材90于腔室体的所述基材定位区12处,其中所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30分别被设置于一个或多个所述基材90的两侧。
可行地,步骤(a)可包括以下步骤:放置一个或多个所述基材90于所述支撑架40,并将所述支撑架40与所述基材90一起放置于腔室体的所述基材定位区12处,其中所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30分别被设置于所述支撑架40的两侧。
可选地,步骤(a)可以包括以下步骤:在所述反应腔11中的所述腔室体10的所述基材定位区12处构造所述支撑架40,以及于所述支撑架40装载一个或多个所述基材90,其中所述支撑架40可以安装并固定在所述腔室体10,或仅放置于所述反应腔11。
值得一提的是,一个或多个所述基材90可以水平,倾斜或垂直放置于所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中。
在步骤(a)中,所述镀膜方法包括步骤:于所述反应腔11间隔地布置所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30,在所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11的两个相对侧,并且放置一个或多个所述基材90于所述膜层形成材料201从所述单体释放源20到等离子激发源30的一流动路径中,以一种至少一部分所述膜层形成材料201必须穿过放置有基材的所述基材定位区12的方式,在到达所述等离子激发源30之前。
步骤(b)可以包括以下步骤:汽化所述原料202以形成作为汽化单体的所述膜层形成材料201,并且将所述膜层形成材料201输送至所述单体释放源20,以将所述膜层形成材料201供入所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11。相应地,所述膜层形成材料201可被泵入所述反应腔11,或由于所述反应腔11的压力降低而被吸入到所述反应腔11。
步骤(b)可以包括以下步骤:将作为气态单体的所述膜层形成材料201供给至所述单体释放源20,以将所述膜层形成材料201供给至所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中。
根据本优选实施例,在步骤(b)中,如图2B所示,所述膜层形成材料201通过所述单体释放源20朝向所述等离子激发源30散布到所述腔室体10中。例如,将所述膜层形成材料201朝着所述等离子激发源30水平地注入到所述腔室体10中,但所述支撑架40被布置于所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间,所述膜层形成材料201不需要在到达用于对所述基材90进行等离子体处理的所述基材90之前先通过所述等离子激发源30,使得并非所有的所述膜层形成材料201都被所述等离子激发源30激活和激发。
如图3A至图3C所示,阐释了根据本发明的第二优选实施例的所述镀膜设备。本优选实施例的所述镀膜设备包括:具有一反应腔11的一腔室体10,用于将气态膜层形成材料201释放到所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中的一单体释放源20,远离所述反应腔11的一等离子激发源30。所述等离子激发源30可操作以激活和激发所述膜层形成材料201,以及用于在一支撑区411A上支撑和承载一基材90的一支撑架40A,从而当所述等离子激发源30被操作,并且所述膜层形成材料201被注入到所述反应腔11中的时候,所述基材90暴露于由所述等离子激发源30产生的等离子体中,以允许所述聚合物膜层92沉积并形成在所述基材90的所述表面91上。
根据本优选实施例中,所述支撑架40A被实施为在所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11内可移动的支撑件。特别地,所述支撑架40A可在所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间移动。所述支撑架40的运动方式可以是,但不限于,线性运动,曲线的运动,滑动运动或旋转运动,使在所述反应腔11内的所述基材90的位置被调整,从而调节沉积在所述基材90上的单体和分解的前体的量,从而提高在所述基材90的所述表面91上形成的所述聚合物膜层92的质量。在一些实施例中,所述支撑架40A的移动为多个所述基材90提供基本相同的等离子体聚合环境,以增强所述基材90上形成的所述聚合物膜层92的均匀性。
所述支撑架40A的移动可被构造成在所述基材90与所述单体释放源20之间产生相对位移,或者在所述基材90与所述等离子激发源30之间产生相对位移,或者用于产生上述两种的等同状态,使得到达所述基材90的未被所述等离子激发源30激发的单体的量,或者通过分解单体而产生的活性前体物质的量可以调节,以确保体与活性前体物质的充分反应。
值得一提的是,所述支撑架40A的运动可以通过控制单元控制,所述控制单元被编程以调整移动,移动时间间隔,或移动速度,以便为所述基材90提供期望的等离子体聚合环境,在所述聚合物膜层92的分子结构中获得所需的分支和交联,并形成具有相对高品质的聚合物膜层92。
根据本优选实施例,如图3A至3C所示,所述支撑架40A被实现为可移动的支撑件,可移动的所述支撑件能够在所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间重复地移动,从而调节所述基材90和所述单体释放源20之间的距离以及所述基材90和所述等离子激发源30之间的距离。
具体实施例中,所述腔室体10具有矩形的所述反应腔11,将所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30设置于所述腔室体10的同一侧壁,并且间隔地彼此分开。例如,所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30布置于所述腔室体10的一顶侧壁103处。在等离子体聚合镀膜方法中,所述单体释放源20释放所述膜层形成材料201,并且一单体区域被定义在所述单体释放源20的前面,所述等离子激发源30在运行过程中在其周围形成等离子体产生区域,所述支撑架40A在单体区域和等离子体区域之间来回移动。
如图所示,在本优选实施例中,所述膜层形成材料201不通过所述单体释放源20朝向所述等离子激发源30分散到所述反应腔11中,而是可以横向引入所 述反应腔11中,然后沿纵向向所述基材90和所述等离子激发源30分散,从而通过所述单体释放源20释放的所述膜层形成材料201的气流不会直接吹向所述等离子激发源30周围产生的等离子体,使得从单体中分解出来的反应前体物质和单体具有理想的混合性能。
本领域的技术人员将会理解,所述支撑架40A,其可操作以在所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间移动,可以通过电动马达,气动驱动系统,或液压驱动系统。所述腔室体10可设置导轨或引导槽,用于将所述支撑架40A保持在适当位置以及用于引导和限制所述支撑架40A的运动。
如图所示,本优选实施例的所述等离子激发源30的所述电极装置31被构造为在所述反应腔11中延伸的平面电极,也可以是用于产生电场的其他电极装置。
相应地,本发明的本优选实施例提供了一种用于将所述聚合物膜层92沉积在所述基材90的所述表面91上的镀膜方法,所述镀膜方法包括以下步骤:
(A)通过远离所述等离子激发源30的所述单体释放源20,供给所述膜层形成材料201到所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11;
(B)移动所述基材90在所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间;
(C)激活所述等离子激发源30以等离子体处理所述基材90,以在所述基材90的所述表面91上形成所述聚合物膜层92。
应当注意,上述步骤(A),(B)和(C)的步骤顺序不限。在步骤(B)中,所述步骤可以包括以下步骤:承载所述基材90于所述支撑架40A,并驱动所述支撑架40A在所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间反复地来回移动。作为优选示例,驱动所述支撑架40A移动以调节所述基材90与所述单体释放源20之间的距离以及所述基材90与所述等离子激发源30之间的距离。
如图4A所示,另一种可行方式中,所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30可以邻近于所述腔室体10的两个相对的侧壁布置。例如,所述单体释放源20被布置近邻一顶侧壁103,而所述等离子激发源30被安装在所述腔室体10的底侧壁104。如图4B所示,作为另一种可行方式,所述单体释放源20可以设置邻近所述腔室体10的一端侧壁101,以供向所述基材90释放所述膜层形成材料201,而所述等离子激发源30可以布置于所述腔室体10的一底壁104处。换句话说,所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30可以被布置于所述腔室体10的邻侧壁101,104。
如图5A和图5B所示,在上述优选实施例中,所述等离子激发源30可以安装到所述支撑架40A的在一个侧面作为又一可行方式,是相对的所述单体释放源20。所述支撑架40A是不可移动的,或者优选地,所述支撑架40A被配置为可移动以调节所述支撑架40A与所述单体释放源20之间的距离,以及所述单体释放源20与所述等离子激发源30之间的距离。根据本优选实施例,可以固定所述基材90和所述等离子激发源30之间的相对位置,但是所述等离子激发源30可以与所述支撑架40A一起移动,以改变等离子体所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11内的等离子体产生环境。
如图6A和图6B所示,所述镀膜装置的另一可选方式中示出。在所述实施例中,本领域的技术人员应当理解,所述支撑架40A也可以以所述等离子激发源30位于所述单体释放源20与所述基材90之间的方式移动到某个位置。然而,在所述支撑架40A在所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间移动的过程中,所述膜层形成材料201必须在到达所述等离子激发源30之前穿过所述支撑架40A,使得不是所有的膜层形成材料201在到达所述基材90之前,需要通过所述等离子激发源30。
换句话说,本优选实施例提供了一种镀膜方法,用于沉积所述聚合物膜层92在所述基材90的所述表面91,其包括以下步骤:
移动所述基材90在所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11,从而限定所述基材90的移动路径,其中在至少一部分移动路径期间,所述基材90位于所述单体释放源20与所述等离子激发源30之间的位置。
释放所述膜层形成材料201到所述腔室体10的反应腔中,以在所述等离子激发源30的操作期间,激活所述基材90的等离子体处理。
相应地,可以将所述基材90的移动路径划分为第一部分和第二部分,在第一部分中所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30分别位于所述基材90的两侧,在第二部分中所述单体释放源20和所述基材90分别地位于所述等离子激发源30的两侧,并且由所述支撑架40A承载的所述基材90的移动路径的第一部分可以明显大于第二部分。
如图7中示出的根据本发明的第三优选实施例的镀膜装置。更具体地,本优选实施例的所述镀膜设备包括具有一应腔11的一腔室体10,一个或多个一单体释放源20用于将气态膜层形成材料201释放到所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11 中,一等离子激发源30用于激发所述膜层形成材料201,以及一支撑架40B用于支撑和运送所述基材90,使得当所述等离子激发源30B在操作中并且所述膜层形成材料201通过一个或多个所述单体释放源20被送入所述反应腔11时,在所述基材90的所述表面91上沉积并形成所述聚合物膜层92。
根据本优选实施例,所述等离子激发源30B被布置于所述支撑架40B的大致中央区域处。优选地,所述等离子激发源30B可以被布置于所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11的中心,而待沉积所述聚合物膜层92的多个所述基材90被适于布置于所述等离子激发源30B周围。所述基材90被适于围绕所述等离子激发源30B,从而所述基材90被适于布置于所述等离子激发源30B和所述单体释放源20之间。
具体地,多个所述单体释放源20,例如四个所述单体释放源20,可以被布置于邻近所述腔室体10的内壁的位置,所述膜层形成材料201可以在所述腔室体10的内部周边相邻位置处释放并流向位于所述腔室体10中心位置的所述等离子激发源30B。由于多个所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30B被设置于所述基材90的两个相对侧,防止了所述膜层形成材料201的过多分解。
本发明的本优选实施例的所述等离子激发源30B包括一电极装置31B,用于施加电力到被释放到所述腔室体10内的所述膜层形成材料201。更具体地,作为一个实施例,所述电极装置31B包括至少一对电极,优选地,多对第一电极311B和第二电极312B被设置于所述反应腔11的中央。如图7所示,每个所述第一电极311B和所述第二电极312B分别可被实施为在所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中垂直布置的细长电极板。在所述示例性实施例中,四个所述第一电极311B和四个所述第二电极312B沿圆周方向交替布置。
所述第一电极311B和所述第二电极312B是正电极和负电极,并且分别被电连接到位于所述腔室体10的外侧的诸如RF发生器之类的能量源的两个连接端。可选地,所述第一电极311B可以电连接到能量源,并且第二电极312B可以接地。
本实施方式的所述支撑架40B包含一个或多个承载架41B用于携带一个或多个所述基材90。每个所述承载架41B具有一支撑区411B用于定位所述基材90,所述基材90可以被水平方向,倾斜,和垂直放置于支撑区411B。在本实施例中,所述基材90可以水平地被放置于所述支撑区411B处,并且被保持并支撑于所述 支撑区411B。
根据本优选实施例中,一个或多个承载架41B的多个所述支撑区411B被设置于所述等离子激发源30B和所述单体释放源20之间,使得当一个或多个所述基材90被放置于相应的所述支撑区411B,所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30B分别被布置于每个对应所述基材90的两个相对侧。
此外,本优选实施例的所述支撑架40B的每个所述承载架41B可以搬运多个所述基材90,并且可以在所述反应腔11中移动,并且每个所述承载架41B的运动方式可以是但不限于线性运动,曲线运动,滑动运动和旋转运动。作为本优选实施例的具体示例,所述支撑架40B的每个所述承载架41B可操作以绕其中心轴线Y旋转。
本实施方式的所述支撑架40B还包括一可移动架42B,用于支撑一个或多个承载架41B。所述可移动架42B的移动也可以是但不限于线性运动,曲线运动,滑动运动和旋转运动。
根据本优选实施例,所述可移动架42B作为一旋转架,所述可移动架42B可实施为在圆形室的反应腔中绕中心轴线X旋转,并且由于承载架41B被支撑在可移动架42B,每个所述承载架可随移动架42B一起移动,同时相对于其中心轴线Y自转,从而所述承载架41B的两种移动改变了每个所述基材90和所述等离子激发源30之间的相对位置。
如图8所示,作为本发明的上述第三优选实施例的可行方式中,所述镀膜设备包括一等离子激发源30C,包括一电极装置31C。本优选实施例的所述电极装置31C包括一第一电极311C和一第二电极312C,每个电极均实施为圆柱状电极,所述第一电极311C被套在所述第二电极312C的周围,以在所述第一电极311C和所述第二电极312C之间定义一圆形释放场313C。所述第一电极311C可以被电连接至诸如RF发生器的能量源,并且所述第二电极312C可以接地。
另外,所述第一电极311C可以被实施为一多孔电极,其具有多个孔连通于所述反应腔11内的所述释放场313C。所述第二电极312C被形成为具有与所述反应腔11连通的连通孔的细长管,使得所述第二电极312C还可以作为与所述腔室体的所述反应腔11的外侧连通的抽气管,用于从所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中抽出气体混合物,使得调节所述反应腔11内的压力以及去除所述反应腔11中的尾气。
如图9所示,根据上述本发明的优选实施例的另一个可行的方式中,所述膜层设备包括所述等离子激发源30C和和一支撑架40C。在本优选实施例中,所述支撑架40C用作能够绕其中心轴线X旋转的一旋转架,并且多个所述基材90可以直接放置于所述支撑架40C上,而不需要所述承载架41B。多个所述基材90的移动是由所述支撑架40C的旋转引起的。
根据本发明的本优选实施例,用于在多个所述基材90的每个的所述表面91上沉积所述聚合物膜层92的镀膜方法包括以下步骤:
(α)通过多个所述基材90围绕所述等离子激发源30B/30C,并且在所述基材90的两个相对侧配置所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30B/30C;
(β)释放所述膜层形成材料201到所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11,以通过所述等离子激发源30B/30C对所述基材90进行等离子体处理。
相应地,在步骤(α)中,所述等离子激发源30B/30C被布置于所述基材90的内侧,而所述单体释放源20布置于所述基材90的外侧。所述等离子激发源30B/30C可以被布置于所述反应腔11的中央区域,并且将所述基材90围绕所述等离子激发源30B/30C。
在步骤(β)中,在到达所述等离子激发源30B/30C之前,需要至少一部分所述膜层形成材料201穿过携带所述基材90的所述支撑架40B/40C。
步骤(β)可以进一步包括以下步骤:周向地布置个所述单体释放源20在反应的中心区域,并且通过所述单体释放源20朝着所述等离子激发源30B/30C径向释放所述膜层形成材料201于所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11。
所述镀膜方法可进一步包括步骤:绕中心轴线X旋转一旋转架42B和绕中心轴线Y旋转所述承载架41B,其中每个所述承载架41B,其用于承载所述基材90,是被支撑在旋转架42B上的与所述旋转架42B一起绕轴线X旋转,同时绕其自身的轴线Y旋转。
如图10至图13C所示,一镀膜设备,被布置而实施一种新颖的等离子体聚合镀膜方法用于在一基材90的一表面91上形成一聚合物膜层92,被根据本发明的第三优选实施例而阐释。同样地,所述镀膜设备包括一腔室体10定义一反应腔11,一单体释放源20被连通于所述反应腔11,用于将作为气态单体或单体蒸汽的一膜层形成材料201引入所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中,一等离子激发源30被可操作地以在所述反应腔11内部产生一感应电场以形成等离子体,以 使所述等离子激发源30向所述膜层形成材料201施加电能以激发所述膜层形成材料201,以及一支撑架40D能够在所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间移动,以移动被支撑于所述支撑架40D的所述基材90在所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间。
如图11和图12所示,根据本发明的上述优选实施例,所述单体释放源20具体地包括一延长的进料头22,所述进料头22具有多个释放进口21,用于排出所述膜层形成材料201进入所述反应腔11。所述延长的进料头22是被设置在邻近所述腔室体10的一第一侧壁101的管部分,同时所述等离子激发源30远离所述单体释放源20,被设置在邻近所述腔室体10的一第二侧壁102的位置,所述第二侧壁102于所述腔室体10的所述第一侧壁101相对设置。
所述支撑架40D在所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间移动,以带动被支撑于所述支撑架40D的所述基材90反复地移动靠近所述单体释放源20远离所述等离子激发源30和移动靠近所述等离子激发源30远离所述单体释放源20。
因此,在所述基材90的等离子体聚合镀膜方法中,一个或多个所述基材90能够被放在所述支撑架40D,以此所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30分别被设置在所述基材90的两相对侧,所以被排入所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11的所述膜层形成材料201在到达所述基材90之前没有通过所述等离子激发源30,但是能够沉积在所述基材90,以避免所述膜层形成材料201过度分解。
更具体地,如图13A至13C阐释了所述基材90的等离子聚合镀膜方法。所述支撑架40D在所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间移动,所述基材90随着所述支撑架40D移动。如图13A所示,当所述基材被移动至靠近所述单体释放源20远离所述等离子激发源30时,所述膜层形成材料201的一第一膜层被沉积于所述基材90。如图13B所示,当所述基材90被移动至靠近所述等离子激发源30远离所述单体释放源20时,所述膜层形成材料201的所述第一膜层受所述等离子激发源30的激发过程的影响产生活性前体物质。如图13C所示,当所述基材90被移动返回朝向所述单体释放源20远离所述等离子激发源30时,所述膜层形成材料201的一第二膜层被沉积于所述第一膜层,和所述活性前体物质与所述膜层形成材料201的所述单体之间发生反应,重复上述步骤,以在所述基材90形成所需厚度的所述聚合物膜层92,从而减少了所述膜层形成材料201 的过度分解。
另外,所述膜层形成材料201的一部分可能不会沉积于所述基材90,分散至所述反应腔11并到达所述等离子激发源30的周围区域,以被所述等离子激发源30激发产生活性前体物质并沉积于所述基材90,和诱导活性前体物质之间反应,以增强了在所述基材90形成的聚合物膜层92的分子结构中的接枝生长和交联。
为了控制所述基材90形成的聚合物膜层92的分子结构中的接枝生长和交联的比例,所述支撑架40D能够被移动。因此,所述支撑架40D的移动速度可以被调整。或者,所述支撑架40D可以在向所述单体释放源20移动时较快,在向所述等离子激发源30移动时较慢。或者,所述支撑架40D可以在向所述单体释放源20移动时较慢,在向所述等离子激发源30移动时较快。或者,当所述支撑架40D被移动至邻近所述单体释放源20的位置时,所述支撑架40D和所述基材90一起保持在所述位置以滞留一第一滞留时间,和当所述支撑架40D被移动至邻近所述等离子激发源30时,所述支撑架40D和所述基材90一起保持在所述位置以滞留一第二滞留时间。所述第一和第二滞留时间也能够根据所述聚合物膜层92的组成的不同需求而被调整。
同样地,所述等离子激发源30包括用于在所述反应腔11内产生电场的一电极装置31,以供在所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11内产生等离子体。所述镀膜设备可以进一步包括其他组件,例如用于向所述单体释放源20提供所述膜层形成材料201的所述单体供应单元50,所述压力调节单元60,其与所述等离子激发源30相邻并且远离所述单体释放源20,用于调节所述腔室体10的所述反应腔11中的压力,所述控制单元,用于控制所述镀膜设备的操作,所述尾气管,用于收集尾气。
如图14A至14C阐释了根据本发明的第四优选实施例的一镀膜设备,所述镀膜设备包括具有一反应腔11E的一腔室体10E,多个单体释放源20用于将气态膜层形成材料201释放到所述腔室体10E的所述反应腔11E中,多个等离子激发源30,每个所述等离子激发源30被操作地在所述反应腔11E产生一电场,以所述等离子激发源30提供一电力作用至所述膜层形成材料201以激发所述膜层形成材料201的方式形成等离子体,和一支撑架40E,所述支撑架40E在所述反应腔11E内可移动,以带动所述基材90交替地移动靠近所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30。
相应地,多个所述单体释放源20和多个所述等离子激发源30被交替地布置于所述腔室体10E。换句话说,多个所述单体释放源20被间隔地布置于所述腔室体10E,其中多个所述等离子激发源30也间隔地布置于所述腔室体10E。一个所述单体释放源20被提供在两个相邻的所述等离子激发源30之间,其中两个相邻的所述单体释放源20之间也提供一个所述等离子激发源30。当所述腔室体10E被实施为长形体时,所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30沿所述腔室体10E的长度方向交替布置。所述腔室体10E可以被实施为一圆形体,其允许所述支撑架40E承载所述基材90在所述腔室体10E内循环移动。当所述腔室体10E被实施为以提供所述支撑架40E支撑所述基材90移动一适当的移动路径以供形成所述基材90的所述聚合物膜层92时,所述支撑架40E和所述基材90能够从所述腔室体10E内取出。换句话说,在所述支撑架40E在所述反应腔内完成一个周期的移动路径后,在所述基材90形成所需的所述聚合物膜层92,以使所述镀膜设备能够不断地在多个所述基材90形成所述聚合物膜层92,在一个连续的生产线上,多个所述基材90分别被支撑于多个所述支撑架40E。
所述反应室11可以被配置为一连续的整体室,或者,所述反应室11可以被实施为多个室,允许所述支撑架40E从一个室移动到另一个室。相应地,每个所述室被提供一个所述单体释放源20或一个所述等离子激发源30。
如图14A所示,当所述基材90被移动至靠近一第一单体释放源20,所述膜层形成材料201的一第一膜层被沉积于所述基材90。如图14B所示,当所述基材90被移动离开所述第一单体释放源20和向一个所述等离子激发源30移动时,所述膜层形成材料201的所述第一膜层受所述等离子激发源30的激发反应而在所述基材90产生活性前体物质。如图14C所示,当所述基材90持续地移动朝向一第二单体释放源20,所述膜层形成材料201的一第二膜层被沉积于所述第一膜层,并导致所述膜层形成材料201的单体与所述活性前体物质之间发生反应。重复上述步骤以允许所述基材交替地移动靠近所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30,以供在所述基材90形成所需厚度的所述聚合物膜层92。
如图15和图16阐释了本发明的一第五优选实施例的一镀膜设备。所述镀膜设备包括具有一反应腔11F的一腔室体10F,一单体释放源20连通所述反应腔11F以用于释放气态膜层形成材料201于所述腔室体10F的所述反应腔11F中,一等离子激发源30被操作地在所述反应腔11E产生一电场,以所述等离子激发 源30提供一电力作用至所述膜层形成材料201以激发所述膜层形成材料201的方式形成等离子体,和一支撑架40F,所述支撑架40F在所述反应腔11F内可旋转,以控制所述基材90交替地移动靠近所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30。
优选地,所述优选实施例的所述腔室体10F的横截面为一圆形或椭圆形。所述支撑架40F被配置于所述腔室体10F的所述反应腔11F,和位于所述单体释放源20与所述等离子激发源30之间。当在运作过程中,以所述基材90交替地移动靠近所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30的方式,所述支撑架40F在所述反应腔11F内旋转以移动所述基材90。
根据所述优选实施例,如图15所示,所述腔室体10F具有一圆形腔壁105F,所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30被设置于所述圆形腔壁105F并且彼此分离。优选地,所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30被设置于所述支撑架40F的两相对侧。
如图15和16所示,所述支撑架40F具有一支撑区域411F以支撑所述基材90。优选地,所述支撑架40F具有多个所述支撑区域411F沿其圆周方向排布,以供竖直地支撑多个所述基材90。如图17所示,根据一可选实施方式,所述支撑架40F具有多个支撑区域411F沿其圆周边缘部412F排布,以供水平地支撑多个所述基材90。本领域技术人员应当理解的是多个所述基材90也可以被所述支撑架40F以其他方式支撑。
在所述基材90的等离子体聚合镀膜方法中,所述支撑架40F在所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30之间旋转,所述基材90随着所述支撑架40F旋转。当所述基材90被旋转至邻近所述单体释放源20远离所述等离子激发源30的位置时,所述膜层形成材料201的一第一膜层被沉积于所述基材90。然后,所述基材90被移动远离所述单体释放源20,当所述支撑架40F被旋转至邻近所述等离子激发源30远离所述单体释放源20的位置时,所述膜层形成材料201的所述第一膜层受所述等离子激发源30的激发反应而产生活性前体物质。当所述支撑架40F被旋转至再次靠近所述单体释放源20时,所述膜层形成材料201的一第二膜层被沉积于所述第一膜层,和所述膜层形成材料201的所述单体和所述活性前体物质之间发生反应,旋转的所述支撑架40F持续不断地带动所述基材90旋转,以在所述基材90形成所需厚度的所述聚合物膜层92。
如图18所示,阐释了本发明的一第六优选实施例的一镀膜设备。所述镀膜设备包括具有一反应腔11G的一腔室体10G,多个单体释放源20,例如两个单体释放源20,连通所述反应腔11G,以供释放气态的膜层形成材料201于所述腔室体10G的所述反应腔11G,多个等离子激发源30,例如两个等离子激发源30,被操作地在所述反应腔11G产生一电场,所述等离子激发源30提供一电力作用至所述膜层形成材料201以激发所述膜层形成材料201的方式形成等离子体,和一支撑架40G,所述支撑架40G在所述反应腔11F内可旋转,以控制所述基材90交替地移动靠近所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30。
优选地,如图18所示,本优选实施例的所述腔室体10G的横截面为一圆形,所述腔室体10F具有一圆形腔壁105G。所述支撑架40G被配置于所述腔室体10G的所述反应腔11G。两个所述单体释放源20和两个所述等离子激发源30被交替地相分离地设置于所述腔室体10G。当在运作过程中,以所述基材90交替地移动靠近所述单体释放源20和所述等离子激发源30的方式,所述支撑架40G在所述反应腔11G内旋转以移动所述基材90。
在所述基材90的等离子体聚合镀膜方法中,所述支撑架40G在所述反应腔11G内旋转,其中一或多所述基材90也随着所述支撑架40G旋转。当所述基材90被旋转至对应于一第一单体释放源20的位置时,所述膜层形成材料201的一第一膜层被沉积于所述基材90。和然后,所述基材90被移动远离所述第一单体释放源20,当所述支撑架40G被旋转至对应第一等离子激发源30的位置时,所述膜层形成材料201的所述第一膜层受所述第一等离子激发源30的激发反应而产生活性前体物质。当所述支撑架40G被旋转至靠近一第二单体释放源20时,所述膜层形成材料201的一第二膜层被沉积于所述第一膜层,和所述膜层形成材料201的所述单体和所述活性前体物质之间发生反应。当所述支撑架40G被旋转至对应一第二等离子激发源的位置,所述膜层形成材料201的所述第二膜层被激发以产生活性前体物质,和旋转的所述支撑架40G持续不断地带动所述基材90旋转,以在所述基材90形成所需厚度的所述聚合物膜层92。
如图19和图20所示为本发明的第七优选实施例的一镀膜设备7100,其中所述镀膜设备7100包括一镀膜腔710、至少一单体源720以及一等离子体激发场730,其中所述镀膜腔710具有一镀膜区域7101,用于放置基材,其中所述单体源720被连通于所述镀膜腔710,用于向所述镀膜腔710通入单体,其中所述 等离子体激发场730被设置于所述镀膜腔710,用于活化单体,其中所述等离子体反应730与所述单体源720分别位于所述镀膜区域7101两侧,以供在基材表面制备薄膜。在本实施例中,所述腔室体实施为所述镀膜腔710,所述单体释放源实施为所述单体源720,所述等离子激发源实施为所述等离子体激发场730。
在镀膜过程中,通过向所述镀膜腔710内通入等离子体源气体,其中所述等离子体激发场730放电产生等离子体,以提供等离子体环境,其中所述气体单体经所述镀膜区域7101进入所述等离子体激发场730被活化,以避免气体单体直接在所述等离子体激发场730被过度活化导致分子链结构被碎片化或过度分解等现象,以供在基材表面制备性能较好的薄膜或涂层。换句话说,所述气体单体被充入所述镀膜腔710后,先扩散至所述镀膜区域7101,然后扩散至所述等离子体激发场730。所述等离子体向所述镀膜区域7101扩散。所述气体单体扩散至所述等离子体激发场730被活化,然后被活化后的气体单体向所述镀膜区域7101扩散,并与未活化的气体单体一并沉积于所述基材的表面,以形成性能较为良好的薄膜或涂层,同时提升了沉积速度。
进一步地,所述气体单体或单体蒸汽沿着所述镀膜区域7101的径向方向扩散的浓度逐渐降低,而在同一方向上,经所述等离子体激发场730放电产生的等离子体沿所述镀膜区域7101的径向方向扩散的浓度逐渐提升,从而使被活化的单体的浓度保持稳定,以在所述基材的表面制备高质量的薄膜或涂层。
所述镀膜设备7100采用等离子体化学气相沉积的方法在所述基材的表面制备所述薄膜或者膜层。即所述薄膜被沉积成型于所述基材的表面,从而提升所述基材的表面的力学方面、光学方面或者化学方面等性质,其中所述基材如具备预设形状结构的需镀膜产品,如PCB电路板、手机、电子设备、电子产品盖板、电子产品显示屏幕、手机玻璃屏幕、电脑屏幕、手机后盖、电子设备外壳、键盘膜或者机械部件、服装等其他类型的需镀膜产品等,在此不受限制。例如,所述镀膜设备在电子产品上制备所述薄膜,能够有效地提高产品防水、耐腐蚀、耐磨等防护性能以及解决表面防护成本高的问题。
可选地,所述薄膜包括被镀于所述基材表面的一层或者多层膜、薄膜或者纳米膜层等。可选地,所述薄膜或涂层可以为无机薄膜、有机薄膜、有机硅纳米防护膜层、有机硅硬质纳米防护膜层、复合结构高绝缘硬质纳米防护膜层、具有调制结构的高绝缘纳米防护膜层、等离子体聚合膜层、梯度递增结构防液膜层、梯 度递减结构防液膜层、交联度可控的膜层、防水耐点击穿膜层、低粘附耐蚀膜层、具有多层结构的防液膜层、聚氨酯纳米膜层、丙烯酰胺纳米膜层、防静电防液纳米膜层、环氧纳米膜层、高透明低色差纳米膜层、高粘附性耐老化纳米膜层、含硅共聚物纳米膜层或者聚酰亚胺纳米膜层、类金刚石膜等,在此不受限制。或者,根据IPC的定义,所述涂层或薄膜可以为AR(丙烯酸)、ER(环氧树脂)、SR(有机硅)、UR(聚氨酯)以及XY(对二甲苯)等类型的涂层或薄膜,进一步地,对二甲苯或聚对二甲苯类型的涂层可以提供较好的化学、电气或物理方面的保护效果。
所述单体源720的进料口被连通于所述镀膜腔710的靠近所述镀膜区域7101的一侧,即位于所述等离子体激发场730的相反侧,以确保所述气体单体或单体蒸汽的扩散路径为由所述镀膜区域7101至所述等离子体激发场730。
可选地,所述单体成分为至少一种单官能度不饱和氟碳化合物和至少一种多官能团度不饱和烃类衍生物的混合物或含双键、Si-Cl、Si-O-C、Si-N-Si、Si-O-Si结构或环状结构的有机硅单体,所述单体中多官能度不饱和烃类衍生物所占的质量分数为30-50%,其中,所述单官能度不饱和碳氟化合物包括:3-(全氟-5-甲基乙基)-2-羟基丙基甲基丙烯酸酯、2-(全氟癸基)乙基甲基丙烯酸酯、2-(全氟乙基)乙基甲基丙烯酸酯、2-(全氟十二烷基)乙基丙烯酸脂、2-全氟辛基丙烯酸乙脂、1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛醇丙烯酸酯、2-(全氟丁基)乙基丙烯酸酯、(2H-全氟丙基)-2-丙烯酸酯、(全氟环乙基)甲基丙烯酸酯、3,3,3-三氟-1-丙炔、1-乙炔基-3,5-二氟苯或4-乙炔基三氟甲苯。所述多官能度不饱和烃类衍生物包括乙氧基化三羧甲基丙烷三丙烯酸脂、二缩三丙二醇二丙烯酸脂、二乙烯苯、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、1,6-乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、二丙烯酸乙二醇脂、二乙二醇二乙烯基醚或二丙烯酸新戊二醇脂,所述多官能度不饱和烃类衍生物包括:聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、二丙烯酸乙二醇酯和二乙二醇二乙烯基醚乙氧基化三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、二缩三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯、或二丙烯酸新戊二醇酯。
可选地,所述单体包括具有反应性官能团的含碳化合物,进一步包括基本上以-CF 3为主的全氟化合物(参见WO 97/38801)、全氟烯烃(参见Wang等,Chem Mater 1996,2212-2214)。可选地,所述单体还可以包括含有卤素原子的含氢不饱和化合物或至少10个碳原子的全卤代有机化合物(参见WO 98/58117)、含有 两个双键的有机化合物(参见WO 99/64662)、具有经至少5个碳原子的烷基链(可选地插入有杂原子)的饱和有机化合物(参见WO 00/05000)、经炔烃(参见WO 00/20130)、聚醚取代的烯烃(参见US6482531B)或者含有至少一个杂原子的大环(参见US6329024B)。
可选地,所述薄膜为类金刚石薄膜(DLC薄膜)。制备DLC薄膜的气体单体如氢气、碳氢气体等的反应气体或者N、Si、F、B等掺杂元素的辅助气体或介质材料等。举例地,所述碳氢气体如1-6或更多数量的碳原子数的烷烃、烯烃、炔烃等。在此不受限制。可选地,所述等离子体激发场730位于所述镀膜腔710的中间区域或位置,其中所述单体源720的进料口可以位于所述镀膜腔710的四周侧面的位置。所述进料口可以为多个,可均匀排布于所述镀膜腔710的四周侧面,其中所述镀膜区域7101位于所述镀膜腔710的中间位置与所述四周侧面之间。
可选地,所述等离子体激发场730位于所述镀膜腔710的一侧位置,其中所述单体源720的进料口位于所述镀膜腔710的相反侧的位置。可选地,所述气体源720与所述等离子体激发场730可以并列设置,且之间相距一定间距,但不重叠。可选地,所述镀膜腔710可以为圆形、方形或其他形状。
进一步地,所述单体源720是气体单体或单体蒸汽进入所述镀膜腔的进料源,其可以通过输送管道连通于一用于储存气体状态的气体单体的气体储存器,以用于通入气体状态的气体单体至所述镀膜腔710。或者所述单体源720可以通过一输送管道连通于一用于储存液体状态单体的液体储存器,其中液体状态单体经一气化装置(如加热装置)气化后形成气体状态的单体蒸汽,并通过所述单体源720通入至所述镀膜腔710。可选地,所述储存器可以为储存单体原料的储存器、储存瓶或储存罐等储存装置。
所述等离子体激发场730包括一电极装置731,其中所述镀膜设备进一步包括一等离子体源,其中所述等离子体源被连通于所述镀膜腔710,用于向所述镀膜腔710充入等离子体源气体,其中所述电极装置731用于提供射频和/或脉冲电压使气体放电,以产生等离子体环境。进一步地,所述电极装置731与所述单体源720分别位于所述镀膜区域7101的两侧,使得所述镀膜区域7101内的基材并未直接处于所述等离子体环境的中心,即所述镀膜区域7101内的基材处于所述等离子体激发场730产生的等离子体环境的边缘区域或位置,从而避免所述基 材表面的气体单体直接在所述等离子体激发场730的中心被过度活化导致分子链结构被碎片化或过度分解等现象,同时又能够在所述基材的表面制备出性能良好的薄膜或涂层。
所述等离子体源被连通于所述镀膜腔710的靠近所述电极装置731的一侧,以在所述电极装置731的位置放电形成所述等离子体激发场730,其中所述等离子体源气体如氮气、四氟化碳或氦气、氩气等惰性气体的等离子体源气体。可选地,所述等离子体源连通用于输送气体的管道。可选地,所述等离子体源进一步地连通用于储存等离子体源气体的储存装置。
可选地,所述等离子体激发场730的所述电极装置731的放电方式可以是直流、交流、射频、微波、中频、电火花或脉冲等放电方式。举例地,所述等离子体激发场730采用射频放电的方式可以是容性耦合和感性耦合。举例地,所述等离子体激发场730采用微波放电的方式可以是谐振腔、表面波耦合和电子回旋共振。举例地,所述等离子体激发场730的放电方式可以是连续放电的或脉冲放电的。
优选地,所述电极装置731包括一第一电极7311和一第二电极7312,其中所述第一电极7311与所述第二电极7312之间用于提供射频电压。举例地,所述电极装置731用于提供射频电压,其中所述第一电极7311为射频电极,用于提供射频电压,其中所述第二电极7312为接地电极。也就是说,所述第一电极7311与所述第二电极7312之间的区域产生电压较强的射频电压,而周围区域的射频电压较低,即所述镀膜区域7101所处的等离子体环境较弱,以避免气体单体或单体蒸汽被过度活化或分解等。
进一步的,所述第一电极7311与所述第二电极7312正对且具有一定的正对面积,以形成具有一定空间区域的所述等离子体激发场730,以供等离子体气源气体在所述等离子体激发场730的所述电极之间放电产生等离子体。
进一步地,所述电极装置731还包括一脉冲电源,其中所述脉冲电源被设置于所述镀膜腔710,其中所述脉冲电源用于提供脉冲电压作用于被活化的气体,以加速沉积速率,提高镀膜效率。
可选地,所述电极装置731为微波放电电极,其用于产生微波放电作用于所述等离子体源气体,以产生等离子体环境。可选地,所述电极装置731为中频放电电极,其用于通过中频放电产生等离子体环境。可选地,所述电极装置731为 电火花放电电极,其用于通过电火花放电产生等离子体环境。
进一步地,所述镀膜设备7100还包括一支架740,即上述支撑架在本实施例中实施为所述支架740,其中所述支架740被设置于所述镀膜区域7101,用于支撑所述基材。在本实施例中,所述支架740被可拆卸地固定于所述镀膜区域7101,即所述支架740被固定于所述单体源720的进料口与所述等离子体激发场730的所述电极装置731之间。
进一步地,所述脉冲电源包括一正极电极和一负极电极,其中所述负极电极被设置于所述支架740,以提供负极脉冲电压,其中所述正极电极被连接于所述镀膜腔710并接地,以提供正极脉冲电压,从而加速在所述支架740上放置的基材的表面制备薄膜的速率。
可选地,所述支架740可以为层型结构,用于分层放置所述基材。可选地,所述支架740还可以为环形支架、方形支架、平板支架或网状支架等,在此不受限制。
进一步地,所述镀膜设备7100还包括抽气装置,其中所述抽气装置被连通于所述镀膜腔710的抽气口,用于在镀膜过程中控制所述镀膜腔710的气压。可选地,所述抽气装置为干泵、分子泵或罗兹泵等。
进一步地,本实施例还提供了所述镀膜设备7100的镀膜方法,包括:
向所述镀膜腔710充入气体单体或单体蒸汽,其中所述镀膜腔710具有用于放置基材的所述镀膜区域7101;
在所述镀膜腔710内产生所述等离子体激发场730;以及
所述气体单体或单体蒸汽经所述镀膜区域7101进入所述等离子体激发场30被活化,以供在基材表面制备薄膜。
如图21所示为本申请的第一变形实施例的一镀膜设备7100A,与本申请的优选实施例的不同之处在于,所述镀膜设备7100A包括一镀膜腔710、至少一单体源720、一等离子体激发场730以及至少一支架740A,其中所述支架740A被设置于所述镀膜腔710,其中所述支架740A具有用于支撑基材的至少一支撑单元741A,其中所述单体源720被连通于所述镀膜腔710,用于向所述镀膜腔710通入气体单体或单体蒸汽,其中所述等离子体激发场730被设置于所述镀膜腔710,用于活化气体单体或单体蒸汽,其中所述支架740A的所述支撑单元741A可相对地往复地靠近与远离所述等离子体激发场730,以供在基材表面制备薄膜。
在本实施例中,所述支架740A被可移动地设置于所述镀膜腔710,其中所述支架740A的所述支撑单元741A可移动地靠近或远离所述等离子体激发场730。可选地,所述支撑单元741A可以为一个或多个。
所述单体源720的进料口与所述等离子体激发场730相距一定的间距,互不重叠,以提供所述支架740A适当的移动距离,使得所述支撑单元741A能够进出所述等离子体激发场730。
换句话说,在所述镀膜腔710内,所述单体源720的进料口附近的空间区域(为第一空间区域)充满大量的气体单体或单体蒸汽,所述等离子体激发场730的所述电极装置731附近的空间区域(为第二空间区域)充满大量的所述等离子体源气体并在电压作用下放电产生大量的等离子体,以形成等离子体环境。所述第一空间区域与所述第二空间区域相邻,其中所述第一空间区域内的分子以气体单体或单体蒸汽为主,其中所述第二空间区域内的分子以等离子体为主,其中所述支撑单元741A往返地在所述第一空间区域与所述第二空间区域之间运动。可以理解的是,所述第一空间区域与所述第二空间区域可以有交叉重叠的区域,但并未完全重叠。
所述支架740A为一可移动支架,以可移动基材进出所述等离子体激发场730。
具体地,所述支架740A包括所述支撑单元741A和一可移动单元742A,其中所述支撑单元741A用于支撑基材,其中所述支撑单元741A被连接于所述可移动单元742A,其中所述可移动单元742A可在所述镀膜腔内移动,以靠近与远离所述等离子体激发场730。即上述实施例中所述承载架被实施为所述支撑单元741A,所述可移动架实施为所述可移动单元742A。
可选地,所述可移动单元742A为滑轮或滑道结构。可选地,所述可移动单元742A为可伸缩结构等。
可选地,所述等离子体激发场730被可移动地设置于所述镀膜腔710,以使所述支架740A相对地靠近与远离所述等离子体激发场730。
进一步地,所述单体源720的进料口与所述等离子体激发场730位于所述支架740A的移动路径的两侧。进一步地,所述支架740A做往返运动,其中所述支架740A的所述支撑单元741A往返地在所述等离子体激发场730与所述单体源720的所述进料口之间移动,以往复地移动所述基材可交替地靠近所述等离子体激发场730或所述单体源720的所述进料口。可选地,所述单体源720的进料 口与所述等离子体激发场730可以位于所述镀膜腔710的两侧。或者,所述等离子体激发场730位于所述镀膜腔710的中间,所述单体源720的进料口分布于所述镀膜腔710的四周侧面。
在镀膜过程中,所述单体源720的进料口持续向所述镀膜腔710充入气体单体或单体蒸汽,其中所述等离子体激发场730持续释放等离子体源气体并提供电压进行放电产生等离子体,以形成等离子体环境,其中所述支架740A的所述支撑单元741A往复地进出所述等离子体激发场730形成的所述等离子体环境。当所述支撑单元741A靠近所述单体源720时,气体单体或单体蒸汽在所述基材的表面附着形成一薄层,即气体单体或单体蒸汽被吸附于所述基材的表面。当所述支撑单元741A靠近所述等离子体激发场730时,所述基材表面附着的气体单体或单体蒸汽被所述等离子体活化。当所述支撑单元741A再次靠近所述单体源720时,气体单体或单体蒸汽与所述基材表面被活化的分子发生接枝或聚合,膜层生长变厚,以此不断地重复,直到所述基材表面制备预定厚度的薄膜或涂层。
本发明与现有技术的不同之处在于,现有技术是利用等离子体作用于空间的气体单体或单体蒸汽,其中气体单体或单体蒸汽分子完全暴露于等离子体中,在空间发生分解并生成各种聚合产物,再沉积在基材表面制备薄膜或涂层,导致薄膜或涂层中的分子完整度低,薄膜或涂层的性能较差;而本发明中,所述等离子体激发场730产生的等离子体只作用于吸附于基材表面的气体单体或单体蒸汽分子,再与未经等离子体作用的气体单体或单体蒸汽分子接枝或聚合生长,以制备薄膜或涂层,且分子完整度高,因此薄膜或涂层的性能更好。
另一方面,部分单体蒸汽扩散到等离子体区,在等离子体区空间分解聚合并在基材移动过来时沉积在其表面,构成涂层的一部分。这部分聚合产物具有较高程度的分支和交联结构。涂层中存在一定程度的分支和交联有利于提高聚合效率和涂层的稳定性。本发明可以通过调节基材在单体源和等离子体源之间的移动速度和滞留时间,方便地控制涂层中的分支和交联比例,获得最佳的涂层特性。
值得一提的是,所述支撑单元741A的移动路径、移动速度、节奏、滞留时间、循环时间以及移动时间均能够被预设,以控制所制备的涂层中的分子间的分支与交联的比例,以保证性能,以适于制备所需的薄膜或涂层等。
本实施例中,所述单体源720和所述等离子体激发场730的结构原理与本优选实施例一致,在此不做赘述。
经实验表明,本申请的所述镀膜设备制备的薄膜的均匀性和速率均相对于现有镀膜设备有所提高。举例地,在所述气体单体或单体蒸汽的进料速度为300uL/3000s的条件下,本申请的所述镀膜设备制备的三种(例一、例二、例三)所述薄膜的上层、中层、下层的厚度(如下表1)与现有的所述镀膜设备制备的三种(例一、例二、例三)所述薄膜的上层、中层、下层的厚度(如下表2)的几组对比如下表:
(本申请的镀膜设备制备的薄膜)表1
薄膜 例一 例二 例三
上层厚度(nm) 343 365 368
中层厚度(nm) 351 371 366
下层厚度(nm) 346 374 359
(现有的镀膜设备制备的薄膜)表2
薄膜 例一 例二 例三
上层厚度(nm) 225 247 209
中层厚度(nm) 203 187 231
下层厚度(nm) 162 235 158
可以看出的是,本申请的所述镀膜设备制备的薄膜的厚度和速率相对于现有的镀膜设备提升了1.5-2倍,所述薄膜的上层、中层以及下层之间厚度偏差较低,均匀性较高。
如图22所示为本申请的第二变形实施例的一镀膜设备7100B,与上述实施例的不同之处在于,本第二变形实施例的所述镀膜设备7100B包括一镀膜腔710、至少一单体源720、一等离子体激发场730以及至少一支架740B,其中所述支架740B被设置于所述镀膜腔710,且具有至少一支撑单元741B,以用于支撑基材,其中所述单体源720被连通于所述镀膜腔710,用于向所述镀膜腔710通入气体单体或单体蒸汽,其中所述等离子体激发场730被设置于所述镀膜腔710, 用于活化气体单体或单体蒸汽,其中所述支架740B的所述支撑单元741B可相对地往复地靠近与远离所述等离子体激发场730,以供在基材表面制备薄膜。
进一步地,所述支架740B可旋转地设置于所述镀膜腔710,随着所述支架740B的旋转,所述支撑单元741B往复地靠近或远离所述等离子体激发场730。也就是说,所述支架740B为可旋转结构。
具体地,所述支架740B包括所述支撑单元741B和一可旋转单元742B,其中所述支撑单元741B被连接于所述可旋转单元742B,其中所述可旋转单元742B被可旋转地安装于所述镀膜腔710,随着所述可旋转单元742B的旋转,所述支撑单元41B往复地靠近或远离所述等离子体激发场730。
进一步地,所述支撑单元741B为多个,各所述支撑单元741B被环列于所述可旋转单元742B,其中所述支架740B的所述可旋转单元742B位于所述等离子体激发场730与所述单体源720的进料口之间,随着所述支架740B的所述可旋转单元742B的旋转,各所述支撑单元741B依次交替地在所述单体源720的进料口附近的空间区域(为第一空间区域)与所述等离子体激发场730附近的空间区域(为第二空间区域)之间往复运动。
可以理解的是,所述可旋转单元742B的旋转轴为所述镀膜腔710的中间位置,其中所述等离子体激发场730位于所述镀膜腔710的其中一侧,其中所述单体源720位于所述镀膜腔710的其他侧,且不与所述等离子体激发场730重合。
在镀膜过程中,当所述支撑单元741B靠近所述单体源720的进料口即进入所述第一空间区域时,气体单体或单体蒸汽在所述基材的表面附着形成一薄层,即气体单体或单体蒸汽被吸附于所述基材的表面。当所述支撑单元741B靠近所述等离子体激发场730即进入所述第二空间区域时,所述基材表面附着的气体单体或单体蒸汽被所述等离子体活化。当所述支撑单元741B再次靠近所述单体源720即进入所述第一空间区域时,气体单体或单体蒸汽与所述基材表面被活化的分子发生接枝或聚合,膜层生长变厚,以此不断地重复,直到所述基材表面制备预定厚度的薄膜或涂层。
也就是说,所述支架740B做圆周运动或椭圆周运动,其中各所述基材位于所述支架740B的圆周位置,以随着所述支架740B做往复地圆周运动或椭圆周运动,以圆周运动或椭圆周运动的方式交替地进出所述等离子体激发场730。
值得一提的是,所述可旋转单元742B的旋转速度、节奏、循环时间以及所 述支撑单元741B的旋转半径和分别在第一空间区域和所述第二空间区域的滞留时间均能够被预设,以控制调整所制备的涂层中的分子间的分支与交联的比例,以保证性能,以适于制备所需的性能良好的薄膜或涂层等。
如图23和图24所示为本申请的第二变形实施例的一种变形实施方式,其中所述等离子体激发场730位于所述镀膜腔710的中间位置,其中多个所述单体源720分别位于所述镀膜腔710的四周侧面,其中多个所述支架740B分别对应地位于所述单体源720与所述等离子体激发场730之间,其中各所述支架740B互不干扰。也就是说,所述镀膜腔710的中间区域为所述第二空间区域,且充满大量的等离子,其中所述镀膜腔710的四周区域为所述第一空间区域,且充满大量的气体单体或单体蒸汽分子,其中各所述支架740B环列于所述镀膜腔710内,且各所述支架740B的所述支撑单元741B均交替地在所述第一空间区域和所述第二空间区域之间运动,以实现大批量镀膜。
进一步地,所述等离子体激发场730的所述电极装置731被设置于所述镀膜腔710的中间位置,其中所述电极装置731为柱状结构,其中所述电极装置731位于各所述支架740B的中间,其中各所述支架740B的所述支撑单元741B绕所述电极装置731轴旋转。所述电极装置731的第一电极7311与第二电极7312并列,其中所述第一电极7311为射频电极,其中所述第二电极7312接地。进一步地,所述第一电极7311可以为多个环列的横截面为直角形的柱状结构,或为其他形状的结构,在此不受限制。所述镀膜腔710的抽气口位于所述电极装置731的上方或下方,以用于在镀膜过程中排出所述镀膜腔710内的气体。
可选地,所述等离子体激发场730的所述电极装置731被设置于所述镀膜腔710的中间位置,其中所述镀膜腔710的中间位置设有一抽气柱,其中所述抽气柱的侧壁具有排气孔以连通外界,所述抽气柱与所述抽气装置相连,用于抽气所述镀膜腔710内的气体,控制气压。所述电极装置731的所述第二电极7311被电连接于所述抽气柱并接地,其中所述第一电极7312被设置于所述抽气柱的外侧以作为射频电极。
可选地,所述抽气柱作为所述电极装置731的所述第二电极7312并接地,其中所述第一电极7311被设置于所述抽气柱的外侧,其中所述第一电极7311可以为圆筒形的柱状结构,以套设在所述抽气柱的外侧。所述第一电极7311的侧壁具有多个通孔,以保证所述镀膜腔710内的气体从所述抽气柱的排出速率。
可选地,所述电极装置731的所述第一电极7311可以被设置于所述支架740B,所述第二电极7312电连接于所述抽气柱并接地,以使所述抽气柱作为所述第二电极。例如,所述支架740B包括由导电材料制成的电极元件,其中所述电极元件被电连接于所述第一电极7311,或者,所述支架740B由导电材料制成并电连接于所述第一电极7311。
进一步地,所述镀膜腔710为圆筒形结构。
如图24所示,进一步地,所述镀膜设备7100B还包括一公转架750B,其中所述公转架750B被可旋转地设置于所述镀膜腔710,并以所述镀膜腔710的中心为轴,其中各所述支架70B的所述可旋转单元742B被环列安装于所述公转架750B,并随着所述公转架750B的旋转而旋转,即所述支架740B以所述镀膜腔710的中心为轴公转。
可选地,所述可旋转单元742B的旋转轴位于所述镀膜腔710的二分之一半径的位置,其中各所述支架740B绕自身的轴线自转。且在自转过程中,各所述支撑单元741B支撑的基材分别交替地在所述第一空间区域和所述第二空间区域之间运动,以实现镀膜。
也就是说,所述支架740B与所述公转架750B带动各所述基材做行星运动或类行星运动,其中所述等离子体激发场730被设置于所述基材经过的路径上,以使各所述基材交替地进出所述等离子体激发场730。
值得一提的是,所述公转架750B的公转速度可以被预设,其中所述支架740B的公转半径可以被预设。进一步地,所述公转架750B与所述支架740B之间的公转与自转速度比、公转与自转转数比均能够被预设,以调节所述基材在所述第一空间区域或所述第二空间区域内的滞留时间或移动速度等,以控制镀膜。
可选地,用于支撑和移动所述基材的所述支架或结构被实施为可做球面运动的结构,以支撑并带动各所述基材在所述镀膜腔710内做球面运动,其中所述等离子体激发场730被设置于所述球面的局部区域,以位于所述基材经过的路径上,以使所述基材交替地进出所述等离子体激发场730。
可选地,用于支撑和移动所述基材的所述支架或结构被实施为可来回摆动的结构,以支撑并带动各所述基材在所述镀膜腔710内来回摆动,其中所述等离子体激发场730被设置于所述摆动路径上,以使所述基材通过摆动来回地进出所述等离子体激发场730。
熟知本领域的人员可以理解的是,用于支撑所述基材的支架或结构可以被固定于所述镀膜腔,其中所述等离子体激发场被实施为可移动的,其中所述等离子体激发场的电极装置通过一可移动结构在所述镀膜腔710内移动,以使所述基材相对地进出所述等离子体激发场,该可移动结构可以为往复移动结构、来回摆动结构、圆周运动结构、球面运动结构、行星运动结构等等,在此不受限制。
进一步地,本申请还提供了所述镀膜设备的镀膜方法,包括:
向所述镀膜腔充入气体单体或单体蒸汽;
在所述镀膜腔内形成所述等离子体激发场;以及
可相对地移动或旋转所述支架靠近或远离所述等离子体激发场,其中所述支架用于支撑基材,以供在基材表面制备薄膜。
本领域的技术人员应理解,上述描述及附图中所示的本发明的实施例只作为举例而并不限制本发明。本发明的目的已经完整并有效地实现。本发明的功能及结构原理已在实施例中展示和说明,在没有背离所述原理下,本发明的实施方式可以有任何变形或修改。

Claims (23)

  1. 一镀膜装置,用于在一基材表面形成膜层,包括:
    一腔室体,具有一反应腔;
    一单体释放源,具有一释放进口,以供引入一膜层形成材料进入所述腔室体的所述反应腔;
    一等离子激发源,其被放置于所述腔室体的所述反应腔,以供激发该膜层形成材料;以及
    一支撑架,用于支撑该基材,其中所述支撑架被操作地在所述反应腔内移动,以引导所述基材交替地移动靠近所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的镀膜装置,其中所述支撑架被配置以支撑该基材于所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源之间,其中所述支撑架在所述腔室体的所述反应内被操作在所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源之间移动。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的镀膜设备,其中所述镀膜设备包括多个所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源,其中多个所述单体释放源和多个所述等离子激发源被交替地设置于所述腔室体。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的镀膜设备,其中所述支撑架被操作地在所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源之间线性地反复地移动。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的镀膜设备,其中所述支撑架在所述反应腔内被操作地在所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源之间旋转。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的镀膜设备,其中所述支撑架在所述反应腔内被操作地在所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源之间旋转。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的镀膜设备,其中所述支撑架包括多个沿其圆周方向布置的支撑区域,以支撑多个该基材。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的镀膜设备,其中所述支撑架包括多个沿其圆周方向布置的支撑区域,以支撑多个该基材。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的镀膜设备,其中所述等离子激发源的放电方式选自以下组合中的一种或多种:直流放电,交流放电,音频放电,射频放电,微波放电,中频放电,潘宁放电,火花放电和脉冲放电。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的镀膜设备,其中所述镀膜设备进一步包括一单体供应单元,所述单体供应单元进一步包括一材料储存器,用于存储该膜层形成材料的原材料,一汽化器,以供汽化原材料而形成单体蒸汽的该膜层形成材料。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的镀膜设备,其中所述镀膜设备进一步包括一单体供应单元,所述单体供应单元进一步包括一材料储存器,其被连通于所述单体释放源,用于存储气态单体的该膜层形成材料。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的镀膜设备,其中所述腔室体具有两面相对的侧壁,其中所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源被分别地置于邻近所述腔室体的所述反应腔的相互对应的两侧壁的位置。
  13. 根据权利要求2所述的镀膜设备,其中所述腔室体具有一侧壁,其中所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源被置于所述腔室体的所述反应腔的邻近所述腔室体的所述侧壁并相间隔。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的镀膜设备,其中所述等离子激发源包括一电极装置,以供施加电能于该膜层形成材料,其中所述电极装置包括一对用于实施射频放电的电极。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的镀膜设备,其中所述等离子激发源包括一电极装置,以供施加电力于该膜层形成材料,其中所述电极装置包括于所述反应腔中延伸的一平面电极。
  16. 一镀膜方法,用于在一基材表面形成膜层,包括步骤:
    (a)、将一膜层形成材料通过一单体释放源引入一腔室体的一反应腔,和一等离子激发源激发所述膜层形成材料;
    (b)、引导所述基材交替地移动靠近所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源,以供形成一聚合物膜层于所述基材。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的镀膜方法,其中所述步骤(b)包括步骤:反复地移动所述基材在所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源之间。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的镀膜方法,其中所述步骤(b)包括步骤:引导所述基材交替地靠近多个所述单体释放源和多个所述等离子激发源。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的镀膜方法,其中所述步骤(b)包括步骤:旋转一支撑架以引导所述基材在所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源之间旋转。
  20. 根据权利要求16所述的镀膜方法,其中所述步骤(b)包括步骤:旋转一支撑架以引导所述基材交替地移动靠近多个所述单体释放源和多个所述等离子激发源。
  21. 根据权利要求17所述的镀膜方法,其中所述步骤(b)包括步骤:移动一支撑架以引导所述基材在所述单体释放源和所述等离子激发源之间移动。
  22. 根据权利要求16所述的镀膜方法,进一步包括步骤:控制一可移动支架以调整 被支撑于所述支撑架的所述基材的移动速度。
  23. 根据权利要求16所述的镀膜方法,进一步包括步骤:在所述基材被移动至邻近所述单体释放源的位置时,滞留所述基材一第一滞留时间,和在所述基材被移动靠近所述等离子激发源的位置时,滞留所述基材一第二滞留时间。
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