WO2021104081A1 - 一种卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分的提取方法及其在卷烟中的应用 - Google Patents

一种卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分的提取方法及其在卷烟中的应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021104081A1
WO2021104081A1 PCT/CN2020/129089 CN2020129089W WO2021104081A1 WO 2021104081 A1 WO2021104081 A1 WO 2021104081A1 CN 2020129089 W CN2020129089 W CN 2020129089W WO 2021104081 A1 WO2021104081 A1 WO 2021104081A1
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Prior art keywords
tar
cigarette
molecular distillation
aroma
extract
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PCT/CN2020/129089
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李力群
郝捷
陈晨
张峻松
纪旭东
郭春生
叶亚军
田数
王旭东
乔月梅
李瑞丽
朱远洋
李庆祥
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内蒙古昆明卷烟有限责任公司
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Priority to EP20892956.2A priority Critical patent/EP4059359B1/en
Priority to JP2022531487A priority patent/JP7310020B2/ja
Priority to KR1020227021023A priority patent/KR102614461B1/ko
Priority to US17/779,901 priority patent/US12004553B2/en
Publication of WO2021104081A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021104081A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
    • A24B15/241—Extraction of specific substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
    • A24B15/26—Use of organic solvents for extraction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
    • A24B15/301—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances by aromatic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
    • A24B15/305—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances of undetermined constitution characterised by their preparation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/12—Steaming, curing, or flavouring tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/14—Forming reconstituted tobacco products, e.g. wrapper materials, sheets, imitation leaves, rods, cakes; Forms of such products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/20—Cigarettes specially adapted for simulated smoking devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/14—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as additive
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/17—Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • B01D11/0261—Solvent extraction of solids comprising vibrating mechanisms, e.g. mechanical, acoustical
    • B01D11/0265—Applying ultrasound
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/12—Molecular distillation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for extracting tar aroma components in cigarette butts and its application in cigarettes, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco technology.
  • Heat-not-burn cigarettes are low-temperature cigarettes that can heat the tobacco leaves just enough to give off the flavor without igniting the tobacco leaves. Under normal circumstances, ordinary cigarettes will produce many harmful substances when they are smoked at a high temperature of 350°C to 600°C, while low-temperature cigarettes are below 300°C, and harmful substances will be reduced. Compared with traditional cigarettes, heat-not-burn cigarettes have a lower heating temperature and release less harmful substances. However, they also have some problems that are not easily accepted by smokers, such as faint smell and uneven aroma release.
  • CN109959649A discloses a cigarette tar extract with chemiluminescence properties.
  • the preparation method of the cigarette tar extract includes the following steps: adding the cigarette tar into a reagent for extraction to obtain the cigarette tar extract.
  • the cigarette tar can be prepared by the following steps: smoking cigarettes, filtering the generated smoke, and collecting smoke particles to obtain cigarette tar.
  • the cigarette tar extract in the patent is prepared by ultrasonic extraction in an open system under natural light conditions. Therefore, the luminescent substance contained is stable in nature and is not sensitive to factors such as light, oxygen and temperature; the extract is sensitive to the pH of the medium. The luminescence response range is wide, and chemiluminescence reactions can occur under acidic, neutral or alkaline conditions.
  • the cigarette tar in the patent is the tar in the smoke particulate phase, and the prepared tar extract has luminous properties, and does not involve the extraction of the tar in the cigarette butt to obtain the tar aroma component.
  • CN102559388A discloses a tobacco essential oil and its preparation method and application in cigarettes, wherein the tobacco essential oil is prepared by the following method: waste tobacco powder ⁇ organic solvent extraction ⁇ crude oil extract ⁇ water vapor ⁇ condensation ⁇ oil-water separation ⁇ Tobacco essential oil. Adding the tobacco essential oil of the present invention as a flavoring agent to cigarette shreds can increase the original tobacco flavor, improve the quality of the cigarette flavor, reduce tobacco irritation and miscellaneous fumes, and soften the smoke.
  • the patent uses the waste tobacco dust produced in the production process of cigarettes as raw materials, and the waste tobacco dust does not contain tar components, and does not involve the extraction process of the cigarette butts.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for extracting tar aroma components from cigarette butts.
  • the present invention uses cigarette butt as raw material, adopts ultrasonic extraction and molecular distillation separation to obtain tar aroma components, and applies the obtained tar aroma components to cigarettes, which can improve the aroma of cigarettes.
  • the raw material cigarette butts used in the present invention are cigarette butts that are discarded by people on the roadside or in ashtrays.
  • the raw materials are widely sourced and the cost is low; the color of the cigarette butts used in the present invention is yellow; the present invention selects the yellow cigarette butts, which Contains higher tar content.
  • the present invention provides a method for extracting tar aroma components from cigarette butts.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • step (1) the ratio of the cigarette butt to the extraction solvent is 1g:5-20ml;
  • the organic solvent is at least one of methanol, ethanol, petroleum ether, n-hexane, acetone, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate;
  • the power of the ultrasonic wave is 60 to 120 W, and the time of ultrasonic extraction is 5 to 30 min. More preferably, the power of the ultrasonic wave is 70-110W, the lower limit of the power of the ultrasonic wave is selected from 80W, 90W or 100W, and the upper limit of the power of the ultrasonic wave is selected from 80W, 90W or 100W.
  • the ultrasonic extraction time is 10-25min, and the lower limit of the ultrasonic extraction time is selected from 11min, 12min, 13min, 14min, 15min, 16min, 17min, 18min, 19min, 20min, 21min, 22min, 23min or 24min ,
  • the upper limit of the time of ultrasonic extraction is selected from 11min, 12min, 13min, 14min, 15min, 16min, 17min, 18min, 19min, 20min, 21min, 22min, 23min or 24min.
  • step (2) the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 500-2000 r/min, and the time is 1 to 3 min;
  • the temperature of the vacuum distillation is 25-45°C, and the vacuum degree is 0.06-0.08Mpa.
  • the molecular distillation is a two-stage molecular distillation, combining the light components of the first-stage and second-stage molecular distillation;
  • the heating temperature of the first-stage molecular distillation is 50-80°C
  • the pressure is 100-200Pa
  • the feed rate is 300-600mL/h
  • the scraping speed is 200-300rpm; more preferably, the heating of the first-stage molecular distillation
  • the temperature is 60 ⁇ 70°C. More preferably, the pressure is 110Pa ⁇ 190Pa; the lower limit of the pressure is selected from 120Pa, 130Pa, 140Pa, 150Pa, 160Pa, 170Pa or 180Pa, and the upper limit of the pressure is selected from 120Pa, 130Pa, 140Pa, 150Pa, 160Pa, 170Pa or 180Pa.
  • the heating temperature of the two-stage molecular distillation is 90-110°C, the pressure is 40-60 Pa, the feeding speed is 300-600 mL/h, and the film scraping speed is 200-300 rpm. More preferably, the heating temperature of the two-stage molecular distillation is 95-105° C. and the pressure is 45-55 Pa; most preferably, the heating temperature of the two-stage molecular distillation is 100° C. and the pressure is 50 Pa.
  • the method further includes the step of preprocessing the cigarette butts
  • the specific operation of the pretreatment is: tearing off the wrapping paper of the cigarette butt, and cutting the tow into small sections less than 1 cm in length.
  • the present invention also provides the aroma components of tar prepared by the method.
  • the present invention also provides a perfume, which contains the tar aroma component.
  • the present invention also provides the application of the tar aroma component or the fragrance in the preparation of cigarettes.
  • the cigarette is a heat-not-burn cigarette.
  • the tar aroma component is added to the cigarette filter and the reconstituted tobacco; preferably, the addition amount of the tar aroma component is 2 to 5% of the weight of the reconstituted tobacco.
  • the present invention uses ultrasonic extraction and molecular distillation to separate and extract tar, which removes harmful substances in tar and retains its aroma components; it is applied to heat-not-burn cigarettes to improve the aroma, smoke and taste of heat-not-burn cigarettes
  • heat-not-burn cigarettes to improve the aroma, smoke and taste of heat-not-burn cigarettes
  • the present invention obtains tar aroma components with higher extraction rate from cigarette butts.
  • the present invention uses discarded cigarette butts as raw materials, which can not only prevent the cigarette butts from polluting the environment, but also utilize the by-product tar after cigarette burning.
  • the raw materials and equipment used can be purchased from the market or commonly used in the field.
  • a method for extracting tar aroma components from cigarette butts comprising the following steps:
  • Pretreatment of cigarette butts tear off the wrapping paper of the cigarette butts, and cut the tow into small sections less than 1cm long;
  • the concentrated extract is subjected to two-stage molecular distillation.
  • the heating temperature of the first-stage molecular distillation is 60°C, the pressure is 150Pa, the feeding speed is 400mL/h, and the scraping speed is 250rpm; the heating temperature of the second-stage molecular distillation is 100°C, pressure of 50Pa, feeding speed of 400mL/h, film scraping speed of 250rpm; combining the first and second molecular distillation light components.
  • the components of the light component are furfural, furfuryl alcohol, ethylene glycol diacetate, 1-(1,3-dioxolane-2-yl)acetone, 4-cyclopentan Ene-1,3-dione, methylcyclopentenolone, nicotine, 2-acetylfuran, 2(5H)-furanone, 5-methylfuran aldehyde, 3-methyl-2-cyclopentane En-1-one, methylcyclopentenolone, benzyl alcohol, 2,3-dimethyl-2-cyclopentenone, ethylcyclopentenolone, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, vanillin, Macrostigmine A, 2,4,4-trimethylpentane-1,3-diylbis(2-methylpropionate), farnesol, 1-butyl phthalate- 2-Isobutyl ester, scopolamine, tributyl prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid este
  • Heating program 80°C(1min)2°C/min ⁇ 280°C(10min)
  • Example 1 The light component prepared in Example 1 was added to the condensing auxiliary material at a ratio of 3% (mass ratio) of HnB reconstituted tobacco to prepare HnB sample A with tar aroma components.
  • Example 1 The light component prepared in Example 1 was added to the reconstituted shredded tobacco at a ratio of 2% (mass ratio) of HnB reconstituted shredded tobacco to prepare HnB sample B with tar aroma components added.
  • the light component prepared in Example 1 was added to the filter auxiliary material at a ratio of 5% (mass ratio) of HnB reconstituted tobacco to prepare HnB sample C with tar aroma components added.
  • the smoke characteristics, aroma characteristics and taste characteristics of heat-not-burn cigarettes are improved to varying degrees.
  • the cigarette aroma The volume and fullness of the tobacco aroma have been significantly improved, and other aroma characteristics have been improved; the smoke concentration has increased, the strength has been increased, the fineness and the agglomeration have been improved; the irritation has been reduced, the dryness has been reduced, and the sweetness has been obvious Enhanced.
  • the addition of the tar extract prepared in the embodiment of the present invention effectively solves the problems of the heat-not-burn cigarettes, such as low smoke smell and insufficient smoke fragrance.
  • a method for extracting tar aroma components from cigarette butts comprising the following steps:
  • Pretreatment of cigarette butts tear off the wrapping paper of the cigarette butts, and cut the tow into small sections less than 1cm in length;
  • the concentrated extract is subjected to two-stage molecular distillation.
  • the heating temperature of the first-stage molecular distillation is 50°C, the pressure is 200Pa, the feed rate is 600mL/h, and the scraping speed is 300rpm; the heating temperature of the second-stage molecular distillation is 90°C, pressure of 60Pa, feed rate of 600mL/h, film scraping rate of 300rpm; combined first-level and second-level molecular distillation light components.
  • a method for extracting tar aroma components from cigarette butts comprising the following steps:
  • Pretreatment of cigarette butts tear off the wrapping paper of the cigarette butts, and cut the tow into small sections less than 1cm long;
  • the concentrated extract is subjected to two-stage molecular distillation.
  • the heating temperature of the first-stage molecular distillation is 80°C, the pressure is 100Pa, the feed rate is 300mL/h, and the scraping speed is 200rpm; the heating temperature of the second-stage molecular distillation is 110°C, pressure of 40Pa, feed rate of 300mL/h, film scraping rate of 200rpm; combined first-level and second-level molecular distillation light components.
  • step (4) the concentrated extract is subjected to one-stage molecular distillation, the heating temperature of molecular distillation is 80°C, the pressure is 100 Pa, the feed rate is 300 mL/h, and the film is scraped. The speed is 200 rpm, and the light fraction is obtained. The rest are the same as the method steps in Example 5.
  • the light component prepared in this example was added to the reconstituted shredded tobacco at a ratio of 3% (mass ratio) of HnB reconstituted shredded tobacco to obtain HnB sample 6#.
  • step (4) the concentrated extract is subjected to one-stage molecular distillation.
  • the heating temperature of molecular distillation is 110°C
  • the pressure is 40 Pa
  • the feed rate is 300 mL/h
  • the film is scraped.
  • the speed is 200 rpm
  • the light fraction is obtained.
  • the rest are the same as the method steps in Example 5.
  • the types and contents of the light components prepared in Examples 4 to 7 of the present invention were determined.
  • the measurement results showed that the types and contents of the light components prepared in Examples 4 to 5 were greater than those in Examples 6 to 7 The type and content of.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分的提取方法及其在卷烟中的应用，该方法包括以下步骤：(1)将卷烟烟蒂加至萃取溶剂中，进行超声波萃取，得到萃取液；(2)将萃取液离心后，上清液进行减压蒸馏，得到浓缩浸膏；(3)将浓缩浸膏进行分子蒸馏，收集分子蒸馏轻组分，得到焦油致香成分。以卷烟烟蒂为原料，利用超声波萃取和分子蒸馏分离提取焦油，去除了焦油中的有害物质，保留其致香成分；应用到加热不燃烧卷烟中，改善了加热不燃烧卷烟的香气、烟气和口感特性，有效解决了加热不燃烧卷烟烟味寡淡、香气释放不均衡等问题。

Description

一种卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分的提取方法及其在卷烟中的应用 技术领域
本发明涉及卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分的提取方法及其在卷烟中的应用，属于烟草工艺的技术领域。
背景技术
我国每年消耗大量的卷烟，随即可产生大量的废弃的烟蒂，对环境造成较大的污染。同时废弃烟蒂中含有大量的焦油物质，而卷烟焦油既含有酮类、呋喃类、吡嗪类等对感官质量起正面作用的致香成分，也含有能提升消费者生理满足感的烟碱，也含有胺类、醛类等对感官起明显负面作用的有害物质。因此，对废弃烟蒂中的焦油物质进行提取，制备具有一定性能或作用的提取物具有重要的意义。
近年来，电子烟、加热不燃烧卷烟等新型烟草制品迅速发展。加热不燃烧卷烟是一种低温卷烟，能使烟叶刚好加热到足以散发出味道的程度，而不会点燃烟叶。通常情况下，普通卷烟在吸食时350℃至600℃的高温会产生众多有害物质，而低温卷烟都是在300℃以下，有害物质会减少。加热不燃烧卷烟相对传统卷烟加热温度低，有害物质释放少，但同时也存在烟味寡淡、香气释放不均衡等一些不太容易被烟民接受的问题。
CN109959649A中公开了一种具有化学发光性质的卷烟焦油提取物，该卷烟焦油提取物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：将卷烟焦油加入试剂进行提取，得到卷烟焦油提取物。所述卷烟焦油可通过如下步骤制备得到：抽吸卷烟，对产生的烟气进行过滤，收集烟气粒相物，得到卷烟焦油。该专利中卷烟焦油提取物是在自然光条件下的敞开体系中通过超声波提取制得的，因此包含的发光物质性质稳定，对光照、氧气及温度等因素不敏感；该提取物对介质pH值的发光响应范围宽，在酸性、中性或碱性条件下都可以发生化学发光反应。该专利中卷烟焦油为烟气粒相物中的焦油，制备出的焦油提取物具有发光性质，不涉 及对卷烟烟蒂中的焦油进行提取，获得焦油致香成分。
CN102559388A公开了一种烟草精油及其制备方法和在卷烟中的应用，其中烟草精油由以下方法制得：废次烟末→有机溶剂提取→精油粗提取物→通入水蒸汽→冷凝→油水分离→烟草精油。将本发明的烟草精油作为增香剂加入到卷烟烟丝中，可以增加烟草本香、提高卷烟香气质量、减少烟草刺激和杂气、柔和烟气。该专利以卷烟生产过程中产生的废次烟末为原料，废次烟末中不含焦油成分，不涉及到对卷烟烟蒂的提取工艺。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分的提取方法。本发明以卷烟烟蒂为原料，采用超声波萃取和分子蒸馏分离获得焦油致香成分，将得到的焦油致香成分应用到卷烟中，可以提高卷烟的香气。
本发明所采用的原料卷烟烟蒂为人们随手丢弃在路边，或烟灰缸中等的烟头，其原料来源广泛，成本低廉；采用的卷烟烟蒂的颜色发黄；本发明选用颜色发黄的烟蒂，其含有的焦油含量较高。
一方面，本发明提供了一种卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分的提取方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
(1)将卷烟烟蒂加至萃取溶剂中，进行超声波萃取，得到萃取液；
(2)将萃取液离心后，上清液进行减压蒸馏，得到浓缩浸膏；
(3)将浓缩浸膏进行分子蒸馏，收集分子蒸馏组分，得到焦油致香成分。
进一步的，步骤(1)中，所述卷烟烟蒂与萃取溶剂的比例为1g:5～20ml；
所述有机溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、石油醚、正己烷、丙酮、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯中的至少一种；
优选的，所述超声波的功率为60～120W，超声波萃取的时间为5～30min。更优选的，所述超声波的功率为70～110W，所述超声波的功率的下限值选自80W、90W或100W，所述超声波的功率的上限值选自80W、90W或100W。更优选的，超声波萃取的时间为10～25min，超声波萃取的时间的下限值选自 11min、12min、13min、14min、15min、16min、17min、18min、19min、20min、21min、22min、23min或24min，超声波萃取的时间的上限值选自11min、12min、13min、14min、15min、16min、17min、18min、19min、20min、21min、22min、23min或24min。
进一步的，步骤(2)中，所述离心的转速为500～2000r/min，时间为1～3min；
所述减压蒸馏的温度为25～45℃，真空度为0.06～0.08Mpa。
进一步的，步骤(3)中，所述分子蒸馏为两级分子蒸馏，合并一级和二级分子蒸馏的轻组分；
优选的，一级分子蒸馏的加热温度为50～80℃，压力为100～200Pa，进料速度为300～600mL/h，刮膜速度为200～300rpm；更优选的，一级分子蒸馏的加热温度为60～70℃。更优选的，压力为110Pa～190Pa；压力的下限值选自120Pa、130Pa、140Pa、150Pa、160Pa、170Pa或180Pa，压力的上限值选自120Pa、130Pa、140Pa、150Pa、160Pa、170Pa或180Pa。
优选的，二级分子蒸馏的加热温度为90～110℃，压力为40～60Pa，进料速度为300～600mL/h，刮膜速度为200～300rpm。更优选的，二级分子蒸馏的加热温度为95～105℃，压力为45～55Pa；最优选的，二级分子蒸馏的加热温度为100℃，压力为50Pa。
进一步的，所述方法还包括对卷烟烟蒂进行预处理的步骤；
优选的，所述预处理的具体操作为：撕去卷烟烟蒂的外包纸，将丝束剪成小于1cm长的小段。
另一方面，本发明还提供了所述的方法制得的焦油致香成分。
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种香料，其含有所述的焦油致香成分。
另一方面，本发明还提供了所述的焦油致香成分或所述的香料在制备卷烟中的应用。
优选的，所述卷烟为加热不燃烧卷烟。
优选的，将焦油致香成分添加到卷烟滤嘴和再造烟丝中；优选的，焦油致 香成分的添加量为卷烟再造烟丝重量的2～5％。
本发明的有益效果为：
(1)本发明利用超声波萃取和分子蒸馏分离提取焦油，去除了焦油中的有害物质，保留其致香成分；应用到加热不燃烧卷烟中，改善了加热不燃烧卷烟的香气、烟气和口感特性，有效解决了加热不燃烧卷烟烟味寡淡、香气释放不均衡等问题。
(2)本发明通过优化超声波萃取和分子蒸馏分离的条件，从烟蒂中得到提取率较高的焦油致香成分。且本发明以废弃的烟蒂为原料，既可避免烟蒂污染环境，又可将卷烟燃吸后副产物焦油利用起来。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明，以下实施例仅为方便本领域技术人员理解本发明技术方案，实现或使用本发明所做的说明，并不以此限定本发明的保护范围。
本发明中，如未指定，所采用的原料和设备等均可从市场购得或是本领域常用的。
实施例中的方法，如无特殊说明，均为本领域的常规方法。
实施例1提取卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分
一种卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分的提取方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)卷烟烟蒂的预处理：撕去卷烟烟蒂的外包纸，将丝束剪成小于1cm长的小段；
(2)将100g预处理后的卷烟烟蒂加至1L石油醚中，进行超声波萃取，超声波的功率为100W，超声波萃取的时间为20min，得到萃取液；
(3)将萃取液在1000r/min离心2min后，上清液在30℃，0.07Mpa条件下减压蒸馏，得到浓缩浸膏；
(4)将浓缩浸膏进行两级分子蒸馏，一级分子蒸馏的加热温度为60℃，压力为150Pa，进料速度为400mL/h，刮膜速度为250rpm；二级分子蒸馏的加 热温度为100℃，压力为50Pa，进料速度为400mL/h，刮膜速度为250rpm；合并一级、二级分子蒸馏轻组分。
对轻组分进行GC/MS检测，轻组分的成分为糠醛、糠醇、乙二醇二乙酸酯、1-(1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)丙酮、4-环戊烯-1,3-二酮、甲基环戊烯醇酮、烟碱、2-乙酰基呋喃、2(5H)-呋喃酮、5-甲基呋喃醛、3-甲基-2-环戊烯-1-酮、甲基环戊烯醇酮、苯甲醇、2,3-二甲基-2-环戊烯酮、乙基环戊烯醇酮、5-羟甲基糠醛、香草醛、巨豆三烯酮A、2,4,4-三甲基戊烷-1,3-二基双(2-甲基丙酸酯)、金合欢醇、邻苯二甲酸-1-丁酯-2-异丁酯、东莨菪内酯、三丁基丙-1-烯-1,2,3-三羧酸酯。
其中，GC/MS条件：
HP6890-5973气质联用仪
(1)GC条件：
色谱柱：ULTRA2(50m×0.2mm i.d×0.33μm d.f.)
检测器：MS
载气，流量：He，0.6ml/min
进样口温度：290℃
升温程序：80℃(1min)2℃/min→280℃(10min)
分流比，进样量：1:10，2μl
(2)GC/MS条件：
GC条件：同上
传输线温度：230℃
离子源温度：230℃
电离能：70eV
质量数范围：30～350u
载气：He
MS谱图：NIST库
实施例2将焦油致香成分应用到卷烟中
将实施例1制得的轻组分以HnB再造烟丝3％(质量比)的比例添加到冷凝辅材中，制备添加焦油致香成分的HnB样品A。
将实施例1制得的轻组分以HnB再造烟丝2％(质量比)的比例添加到再造烟丝中，制备添加焦油致香成分的HnB样品B。
将实施例1制得的轻组分以HnB再造烟丝5％(质量比)的比例添加到滤嘴辅材中，制备添加焦油致香成分的HnB样品C。
将上述方案制成的卷烟样品及不添加焦油致香成分的卷烟在(20±1)℃、相对湿度(60±3)％的恒温恒湿环境下平衡24h后，组织10位及以上评吸人员参考烟草在制品感官评价方法(YC/T 415-2011)，对卷烟样品进行感官评价，评价结果如表1所示。
表1感官评价结果
Figure PCTCN2020129089-appb-000001
如表1所示，与对照组相比，添加本发明实施例制得的焦油提取物后，加热不燃烧卷烟的烟气特性、香气特性及口感特性均得到不同程度的改善，其中，卷烟香气量和烟香饱满度得到明显提升，其它香气特性指标有所改善；烟气浓度增加，劲头增大，细腻程度和成团性均有所改善；刺激性减弱、干燥感降低、回甜感明显增强。添加本发明实施例制得的焦油提取物后，有效解决了加热不燃烧卷烟烟味寡淡、烟香饱满度不够等问题。
实施例3制备方法条件的选择
1、萃取溶剂的选择
分别使用甲醇、二氯甲烷、无水乙醇、甘油、石油醚和聚乙二醇400对预处理后的废弃烟蒂进行提取，料液比取1:10(g/mL)，超声波萃取功率为100W，超声萃取20min，萃取1次，对比分析不同溶剂对提取效果(每g烟蒂提取到的成分含量)的影响，检测结果如表2所示。由表2可知，使用无水乙醇提取效果最好。
表2不同有机溶剂的提取效果(mg/g)
Figure PCTCN2020129089-appb-000002
2、超声波萃取时间的选择
将100g预处理后的废弃烟蒂加入1L无水乙醇中，超声功率100W，分别超声萃取2min、5min、10min、20min、30min、40min，对萃取效果进行检测，检测结果如表3所示。由表3可知，超声波萃取10min下的萃取效果最好。
表3不同超声波萃取时间的提取效果(mg/g)
Figure PCTCN2020129089-appb-000003
实施例4
一种卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分的提取方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)卷烟烟蒂的预处理：撕去卷烟烟蒂的外包纸，将丝束剪成小于1cm 长的小段；
(2)将100g预处理后的卷烟烟蒂加至500mL无水乙醇中，进行超声波萃取，超声波的功率为60W，超声波萃取的时间为10min，得到萃取液；
(3)将萃取液在500r/min离心3min后，上清液在25℃，0.08Mpa条件下减压蒸馏，得到浓缩浸膏；
(4)将浓缩浸膏进行两级分子蒸馏，一级分子蒸馏的加热温度为50℃，压力为200Pa，进料速度为600mL/h，刮膜速度为300rpm；二级分子蒸馏的加热温度为90℃，压力为60Pa，进料速度为600mL/h，刮膜速度为300rpm；合并一级、二级分子蒸馏轻组分。
实施例5
一种卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分的提取方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)卷烟烟蒂的预处理：撕去卷烟烟蒂的外包纸，将丝束剪成小于1cm长的小段；
(2)将100g预处理后的卷烟烟蒂加至2L无水乙醇中，进行超声波萃取，超声波的功率为120W，超声波萃取的时间为10min，得到萃取液；
(3)将萃取液在2000r/min离心1min后，上清液在45℃，0.06Mpa条件下减压蒸馏，得到浓缩浸膏；
(4)将浓缩浸膏进行两级分子蒸馏，一级分子蒸馏的加热温度为80℃，压力为100Pa，进料速度为300mL/h，刮膜速度为200rpm；二级分子蒸馏的加热温度为110℃，压力为40Pa，进料速度为300mL/h，刮膜速度为200rpm；合并一级、二级分子蒸馏轻组分。
实施例6
该实施例与实施例5的不同之处在于：步骤(4)将浓缩浸膏进行一级分子蒸馏，分子蒸馏的加热温度为80℃，压力为100Pa，进料速度为300mL/h，刮膜速度为200rpm，得到轻组分。其余与实施例5中方法步骤相同。
将该实施例制得的轻组分以HnB再造烟丝3％(质量比)的比例添加到再造 烟丝中，制得HnB样品6#。
实施例7
该实施例与实施例5的不同之处在于：步骤(4)将浓缩浸膏进行一级分子蒸馏，分子蒸馏的加热温度为110℃，压力为40Pa，进料速度为300mL/h，刮膜速度为200rpm，得到轻组分。其余与实施例5中方法步骤相同。
对本发明实施例4～7制得的轻组分的种类和含量进行测定，测定结果表明实施例4～5制得的轻组分的种类和含量大于实施例6～7制得的轻组分的种类和含量。
将本发明实施例4～7制得的轻组分，分别以HnB再造烟丝3％(质量比)的比例添加到再造烟丝中，制得HnB样品4#、制备卷烟样品5#、卷烟样品6#和卷烟样品7#。将卷烟样品在(20±1)℃、相对湿度(60±3)％的恒温恒湿环境下平衡24h后，组织20位及以上评吸人员参考烟草在制品感官评价方法(YC/T 415-2011)，对卷烟样品进行感官评价，评价结果如表4所示。
表4感官评价结果
Figure PCTCN2020129089-appb-000004
由表4的结果可知，本发明实施例制得的轻组分添加到卷烟后，在卷烟香气特性、烟气特性和口感特性均有不同程度的改善，能有效解决了加热不燃烧卷烟烟味寡淡、烟香饱满度不够等问题。
以上所述，仅为本申请的实施例而已，本申请的保护范围并不受这些具体实施例的限制，而是由本申请的权利要求书来确定。对于本领域技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的技术思想和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分的提取方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：
    (1)将卷烟烟蒂加至萃取溶剂中，进行超声波萃取，得到萃取液；
    (2)将萃取液离心后，上清液进行减压蒸馏，得到浓缩浸膏；
    (3)将浓缩浸膏进行分子蒸馏，收集分子蒸馏轻组分，得到焦油致香成分。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述卷烟烟蒂与萃取溶剂的比例为1g:5～20ml；
    优选的，所述萃取溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、石油醚、正己烷、丙酮、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯中的至少一种；
    优选的，所述超声波的功率为60～120W，超声波萃取的时间为5～30min。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，所述离心的转速为500～2000r/min，时间为1～3min；
    所述减压蒸馏的温度为25～45℃，真空度为0.06～0.08Mpa。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，所述分子蒸馏为两级分子蒸馏，合并一级和二级分子蒸馏的轻组分；
    优选的，一级分子蒸馏的加热温度为50～80℃，压力为100～200Pa，进料速度为300～600mL/h，刮膜速度为200～300rpm；
    优选的，二级分子蒸馏的加热温度为90～110℃，压力为40～60Pa，进料速度为300～600mL/h，刮膜速度为200～300rpm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括对卷烟烟蒂进行预处理的步骤；
    优选的，所述预处理的具体操作为：撕去卷烟烟蒂的外包纸，将丝束剪成小于1cm长的小段。
  6. 权利要求1～5任一项所述的方法制得的焦油致香成分。
  7. 一种香料，其特征在于，其含有权利要6所述的焦油致香成分。
  8. 权利要求6所述的焦油致香成分或权利要求7所述的香料在制备卷烟中的应用。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的应用，其特征在于，所述卷烟为加热不燃烧卷烟。
  10. 根据权利要求8～9所述的应用，其特征在于，将焦油致香成分添加到卷烟滤嘴和再造烟丝中；优选的，焦油致香成分的添加量为卷烟再造烟丝重量的2～5％。
PCT/CN2020/129089 2019-11-27 2020-11-16 一种卷烟烟蒂中焦油致香成分的提取方法及其在卷烟中的应用 WO2021104081A1 (zh)

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