WO2020233326A1 - Soh修正方法和装置、电池管理系统和存储介质 - Google Patents

Soh修正方法和装置、电池管理系统和存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020233326A1
WO2020233326A1 PCT/CN2020/086187 CN2020086187W WO2020233326A1 WO 2020233326 A1 WO2020233326 A1 WO 2020233326A1 CN 2020086187 W CN2020086187 W CN 2020086187W WO 2020233326 A1 WO2020233326 A1 WO 2020233326A1
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Prior art keywords
voltage parameter
soh
peak
calibration value
parameter data
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PCT/CN2020/086187
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜明树
李世超
阮见
汤慎之
卢艳华
张伟
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宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Priority to KR1020217018011A priority Critical patent/KR102550936B1/ko
Priority to EP20808269.3A priority patent/EP3786655B1/en
Priority to JP2021533166A priority patent/JP7262588B2/ja
Publication of WO2020233326A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020233326A1/zh
Priority to US17/135,179 priority patent/US11047918B2/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/374—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/10—Measuring sum, difference or ratio
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/005—Detection of state of health [SOH]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H02J7/007186—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage obtained with the battery disconnected from the charge or discharge circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular to an SOH correction method and device, a battery management system and a storage medium.
  • the battery will inevitably undergo aging or deterioration during long-term use, resulting in a significant decrease in battery capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the SOH (State of Health) of the battery.
  • the detection method of the battery SOH in the prior art is: obtain the open circuit voltage OCV of the battery cell when the whole vehicle is in a static or low current state, and obtain the state of charge SOC according to the pre-calibrated OCV-SOC relationship curve.
  • the cumulative charge and discharge capacity during the calculation period estimates the actual capacity of the cell, and then estimates the SOH.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide an SOH correction method and device, battery management system and storage medium, which can solve the problem of inaccurate SOH estimation caused by the deviation of the OCV-SOC relationship curve after aging, and improve the estimation accuracy of SOH.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an SOH correction method, and the correction method includes:
  • an SOH correction device which includes:
  • the relationship curve obtaining module is used to obtain the relationship curve between the ratio of the cumulative charge and discharge capacity change of the battery cell to the corresponding voltage parameter change and the voltage parameter itself;
  • the effective peak point determination module is used to determine the effective peak point in the relationship curve
  • the SOH calibration value determination module is used to determine the SOH calibration value corresponding to the voltage parameter data at the effective peak point according to the corresponding relationship between the pre-calibrated peak voltage parameter data and the SOH calibration value;
  • the SOH correction module is used to correct the current SOH according to the SOH calibration value.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery management system, which includes the SOH correction device described above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a program is stored, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned SOH correction method.
  • the embodiments of the present application aim at the phenomenon that the OCV relationship curve changes significantly after the aging of some system cells, and quantify the change law of the OCV relationship curve, and give the pre-calibrated peak voltage parameter data and the SOH calibration value Therefore, when faced with the problem of inaccurate SOH estimation caused by the deviation of the OCV-SOC relationship curve after aging, when the SOH needs to be corrected, only the cumulative charge and discharge capacity change of the battery and the corresponding
  • the relationship curve between the ratio of the voltage parameter change and the voltage parameter itself determine the effective peak point in the relationship curve, and then determine the voltage at the effective peak point according to the corresponding relationship between the pre-calibrated peak voltage parameter data and the SOH calibration value
  • the SOH calibration value corresponding to the parameter data can correct the current SOH according to the SOH calibration value, thereby improving the estimation accuracy of SOH.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of the SOH correction method provided by the first embodiment of this application;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the dQ/dOCV-OCV relationship curve provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the dQ/dOCV-OCV variation curve with aging provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of the SOH correction method provided by the fifth embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of the SOH correction method provided by the sixth embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of the SOH correction method provided by the seventh embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an SOH correction device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the embodiments of the application provide an SOH correction method and device, a battery management system, and a storage medium.
  • the embodiments of the application are based on the phenomenon that the OCV relationship curve changes significantly after the battery cells of some systems are aged, and quantify the change law of the OCV relationship curve To estimate the aging SOH, it can improve the estimation accuracy of SOH and solve the problem of inaccurate SOH estimation caused by the deviation of the OCV-SOC relationship curve after aging.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of the SOH correction method provided by the first embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 1, the SOH correction method includes steps 101 to 104.
  • step 101 the relationship curve between the ratio of the cumulative charge and discharge capacity change of the battery cell to the corresponding voltage parameter change and the voltage parameter itself is obtained.
  • the voltage parameter includes the open circuit voltage of the cell OCV or the detection voltage when the cell is charged and discharged.
  • the amount of change in the accumulated charge and discharge capacity represents the amount of change in battery power.
  • the cumulative charge and discharge capacity change the cumulative charge capacity change.
  • the change of the accumulated charge and discharge capacity the change of the accumulated discharge capacity.
  • the voltage parameter may be the cell open circuit voltage OCV.
  • the detection voltage of the battery cell can be used as the OCV, or the detection voltage of the battery cell can be input to a preset battery model, and the OCV can be estimated by the battery model.
  • the sixth threshold represents the reference value of the slow charging rate. Compared with the current when the vehicle is plugged into the gun, the charging current of the household appliance belongs to the slow charging rate category.
  • the voltage parameter may be the detection voltage Volt of the cell. Since the battery tends to be stable in the slow charging state, the detection voltage of the battery cell can be directly used to execute the SOH correction strategy of the embodiment of the present application in the slow charging state.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the dQ/dOCV-OCV relationship curve provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the dQ/dOCV-OCV relationship curve can be determined by the collected voltage parameter sequence and the cumulative charge and discharge capacity sequence.
  • the dOCV indicated by this point is: the difference between the OCV indicated by this point and the OCV indicated by the previous point after the voltage parameter sequence OCVi is sorted; dQ is the difference between the cumulative charge and discharge capacity corresponding to the OCV indicated at this point and the cumulative charge and discharge capacity corresponding to the OCV indicated at the previous point.
  • the abscissa of this point can also be understood as the average value of two adjacent OCVs after sorting the voltage parameter sequence OCVi, and the ordinate of this point can also be understood as, The difference between the accumulated charge and discharge capacity corresponding to the two adjacent OCVs.
  • Those skilled in the art can determine the dQ/dOCV-OCV relationship curve as needed, which is not limited here.
  • the number of voltage parameter data in the voltage parameter sequence OCVi in the voltage parameter sequence OCVi involved in the calculation should be greater than the first threshold to ensure sufficient data; on the other hand, The absolute value of the difference between the two adjacent voltage parameter data in the voltage parameter sequence OCVi should be less than the second threshold to avoid curve jumps due to excessive difference or cause the calculated peak information of dQ/dOCV-OCV to be lost. Cover up the problem.
  • step 102 the effective peak point in the relationship curve is determined.
  • step 103 the SOH calibration value corresponding to the voltage parameter data at the effective peak point is determined according to the correspondence between the pre-calibrated peak voltage parameter data and the SOH calibration value.
  • step 104 the current SOH is corrected according to the SOH calibration value.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the dQ/dOCV-OCV variation curve with aging provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 3 shows the dQ/dOCV-OCV curve when the aging degree is SOH1, and the dQ/dOCV-OCV curve when the aging degree is SOH2, SOH1>SOH2.
  • each curve involves multiple peak points, and those skilled in the art can select the data of multiple peak points to form Table 1 as needed.
  • Table 1 is a calibration relationship table of the dQ/dOCV-OCV curve corresponding to FIG. 3 provided by an embodiment of the application with aging.
  • Table 1 shows the OCV (3.4V, 3.65V and 3.9V) corresponding to the 3 peaks in the dQ/dOCV-OCV curve when the calibration value is SOH1; and the 3 peaks in the dQ/dOCV-OCV curve when the calibration value is SOH2 Corresponding OCV (3.38V, 3.55V, 3.88V).
  • Figure 3 and Table 1 only show two sets of peak relationships with different aging degrees, it is understandable that, in specific implementation, those skilled in the art can calibrate multiple sets of peak relationships with different aging degrees in detail, and select each group The number of peaks available under the aging degree is not limited here.
  • the embodiment of the application quantifies the change law of the OCV relationship curve, and provides the correspondence between the pre-calibrated peak voltage parameter data and the SOH calibration value Therefore, when faced with the problem of inaccurate SOH estimation caused by the deviation of the OCV-SOC relationship curve after aging, when the SOH needs to be corrected, only the cumulative charge and discharge capacity change of the cell and the corresponding voltage parameter need to be obtained
  • the relationship curve between the ratio of the change amount and the voltage parameter itself determine the effective peak point in the relationship curve, and then determine the voltage parameter data at the effective peak point according to the corresponding relationship between the pre-calibrated peak voltage parameter data and the SOH calibration value
  • the corresponding SOH calibration value can correct the current SOH according to the SOH calibration value, thereby improving the estimation accuracy of SOH.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart of the SOH correction method provided by the second embodiment of the application.
  • step 103 in Figure 1 can be refined into steps 1031 and 1032 in Figure 4, using To describe the first method of obtaining SOH calibration value.
  • step 1031 the only valid peak point is determined from all peak points of the relationship curve.
  • step 1032 according to the corresponding relationship between the pre-calibrated peak voltage parameter data and the SOH calibration value, the SOH calibration value corresponding to the voltage parameter data at the only valid peak point is determined.
  • step 1031 can be performed in two steps: first, select the peak points that meet the first predetermined condition from the dQ/dOCV-OCV relationship curve, and then determine the only valid peak point corresponding to the peak point of the maximum dQ/dOCV among the peak points .
  • the number of peak points meeting the first predetermined condition may be multiple, for example, p1, p2, ... pN. Assuming that a total of 2 peak points p1 and p2 are selected, the voltage parameter and dQ/dOCV corresponding to p1 are 3.6V and 100, respectively, and the voltage parameter and dQ/dOCV corresponding to P2 are 3.55V and 250, respectively, then point p2 is regarded as the only one Effective peak point.
  • the first predetermined condition is: the ratio of the cumulative charge and discharge capacity change corresponding to the peak point to the voltage parameter change is greater than the seventh threshold, and the voltage parameter data corresponding to the peak point is within the preset voltage parameter checkable range [OCVmin, OCVmax] .
  • the preset voltage parameter checkable range is determined by the corresponding relationship between the pre-calibrated peak voltage parameter data and the SOH calibration value.
  • the peaks that change most significantly with aging in Table 1 can be the OCV when the SOH calibration value of this peak is 100% and the OCV when the SOH calibration value of the peak is 70% (or other preset SOH lower limit) Among them, the larger value is determined as OCVmax, and the smaller value is determined as OCVmin.
  • the OCVs corresponding to the three peaks of SOH1 are 3.4V, 3.65V, and 3.9V respectively; the OCVs corresponding to the three peaks of SOH2 (70%) are 3.38V, 3.55V, 3.88V, It is found that the most significant change with aging is the peak of 3.65V (100% SOH). Among all the peaks that change with aging, only the peak corresponding to 3.65V at 100% SOH is selected as the basis for the subsequent judgment of the degree of aging. At the time, the corresponding OCV range of the peak during the entire life cycle is [3.55V, 3.65V].
  • Figure 5 is a schematic flow chart of the SOH correction method provided by the third embodiment of this application.
  • step 103 in Figure 1 can be refined into step 1033 and step 1035 in Figure 4, using To describe the second method of obtaining the SOH calibration value.
  • step 1033 the first N peak points with the largest peak values are selected from all peak points of the relationship curve as N effective peak points.
  • step 1034 for each SOH calibration value and the voltage parameter data corresponding to the N effective peak points in the correspondence between the pre-calibrated peak voltage parameter data and the SOH calibration value, a difference vector is obtained.
  • the difference vector is the difference between the first vector and the second vector, the first vector represents the N peak voltage parameter data corresponding to the SOH calibration value, and the second vector represents the voltage parameter data corresponding to the N effective peak points;
  • step 1035 the SOH calibration value corresponding to the difference vector with the smallest variance among the difference vectors of the multiple SOH calibration values in the correspondence between the pre-calibrated peak voltage parameter data and the SOH calibration value is determined to be the same as N
  • the SOH calibration value corresponding to the voltage parameter data at the effective peak point is determined to be the same as N.
  • the OCV corresponding to the first three peaks forms a second vector (OCVk1, OCVk2, OCVk3), the difference of the first vector minus the second vector is recorded as the difference vector, and the variance of the difference vector is recorded as var.
  • the first method has the advantage of selecting only one peak point for judgment, and the amount of calculation is small; the second method is that it can be judged based on multiple peaks and is robust to single point errors Stronger.
  • the SOH calibration value acquisition method can choose the SOH calibration value acquisition method as needed, which is not limited here.
  • the dQ/dOCV-OCV relationship curve can be determined by the collected voltage parameter sequence (such as OCVi or Vi) and the cumulative charge and discharge capacity sequence Capi.
  • the collected voltage parameter sequence such as OCVi or Vi
  • the cumulative charge and discharge capacity sequence Capi The method of obtaining each sequence will be described in detail below in combination with different operating conditions.
  • the first is the charging and standing condition. Under this condition, the accumulative charge and discharge capacity of the battery cell during charging is recorded. If the difference between the current accumulative charge capacity and the previous accumulative charge capacity reaches the third threshold, the battery is controlled to stop charging Or reduce the charging current to the fourth threshold, resume charging the battery cell after the first predetermined period of time, and record the voltage parameter sequence OCVi and the cumulative charge and discharge capacity sequence Capi once until the battery cell is fully charged or the charging stops.
  • the second operating condition is the continuous charging condition, in which the battery cell is controlled to continue to charge until the battery is fully charged or the charging stops, and the voltage parameter sequence OCVi and the cumulative charge and discharge capacity sequence Capi are recorded every second predetermined period of time .
  • the third working condition is the vehicle operating condition or the discharge condition. Under this condition, each time the battery meets the quasi-SOC checkable state during the discharge process, the voltage parameter sequence OCVi and the cumulative charge and discharge capacity sequence Capi are recorded until the current The difference between the accumulated discharge capacity and the previous accumulated discharge capacity is less than the fifth threshold, because a large difference between the current accumulated discharge capacity and the previous accumulated discharge capacity will cause the calculated peak information of dQ/dOCV-OCV to be masked.
  • the quasi-SOC checkable status includes but is not limited to the following conditions, and only one of them is satisfied:
  • the resting time of the vehicle to which the battery cell belongs reaches the first time
  • the sleep duration of the vehicle to which the battery cell belongs reaches the second duration
  • the vehicle to which the battery cell belongs is in a low-current continuous discharge state for the third time period
  • the current voltage polarization voltage of the cell is 0.
  • the SOH can be estimated during the charging or discharging process of the vehicle. There is no need to perform a specific rate full discharge of the battery cell, and there is no need to preset a specific charging and discharging condition, which is in line with the requirements of the prior art for battery discharge rate and temperature. In a specific state, for example, it is necessary to calculate the SOH by the ratio of the discharge capacity to the nominal capacity when discharged to the cut-off voltage at a certain rate after full charge, which has great operability.
  • the fourth working condition is the slow charging working condition. Under this working condition, since the slow charging current is small, there is no need to calculate the OCV or obtain the OCV by controlling the charging current. You can directly calculate the charging dQ/dVolt- according to the charging curve, that is, the Vi sequence. The V curve is fine.
  • the SOH correction method further includes: determining that the initial value of the SOC when the battery cell starts to be charged is less than the maximum initial SOC value that can be checked.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of the SOH correction method provided by the fourth embodiment of this application. As shown in FIG. 6, the SOH correction method includes steps 601 to 612.
  • step 601 it is judged whether the battery cell is being charged (such as being charged by inserting a gun), if yes, go to step 602, otherwise, go back to step 601;
  • step 602 the SOC value (SOCcharg0) at the start of charging is stored
  • step 603 it is judged whether SOCcharg0 is less than the preset maximum initial value of the SOC that can be checked; if so, step 604 is executed, otherwise the process ends;
  • step 604 control the charging to stop or reduce the charging current to a specified threshold I_Rest for a specified time T_Rest;
  • step 605 store and record the current voltage sequence Volti, store and record the current SOC sequence SOCi, store and record the current cumulative charged capacity sequence Capi, and resume charging;
  • step 606 it is determined whether the charging is full or the charging is stopped, if not, step 607 is executed, and if yes, step 608 is executed.
  • step 607 it is judged whether the difference between the current accumulated charging capacity and the last accumulated charging capacity is greater than the threshold ⁇ Cap1, if yes, execute step 604 to enter the next resting control; if not, return to step 605 to continue charging.
  • step 608 use the stored voltage sequence Volti as the OCV sequence during charging: OCV1, OCV2,...
  • step 609 calculate the dQ/dOCV sequence: d1, d2,...
  • step 610 the only effective peak point P is selected from all peak points in the dQ/dOCV-OCV curve that meet the conditions;
  • step 611 check the cell dQ/dOCV-OCV curve peak table to determine the SOHi corresponding to the peak p;
  • step 612 the current SOH is updated according to the estimated SOHi.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of the SOH correction method provided by the fifth embodiment of this application. As shown in FIG. 7, the SOH correction method includes steps 701 to 709.
  • step 701 it is determined whether the battery cell is in a quasi-OCV checkable state (for example, in discharging), if yes, go to step 702, otherwise, go back to step 701;
  • step 702 the current voltage sequence Volti is stored and recorded, the current SOC sequence SOCi is stored and recorded, and the current cumulative charge and discharge capacity sequence Capi is stored and recorded;
  • step 703 it is determined whether the difference between the current accumulated charge and discharge capacity and the last accumulated charge and discharge capacity is less than ⁇ Cap2, if yes, go to step 704, otherwise return to step 702;
  • the reason why the difference between two adjacent accumulative charge and discharge capacities is required to be smaller than the threshold ⁇ Cap2 is that when the difference between two adjacent accumulative charge and discharge capacities is too large, the peak information will be masked when calculating dQ/dOCV.
  • step 704 use the stored voltage sequence Volti as an OCV sequence: OCV1, OCV2,...
  • step 705 the dQ/dOCV sequence is calculated: d1, d2,...
  • step 706 it is judged whether the OCV sequence meets the preset sequence requirements, if yes, go to step 707, otherwise, step 701;
  • step 707 calculate the largest N peaks in the dQ/dOCV-OCV curve, and sort the top N peaks according to the corresponding OCV value: P1, P2,...PN
  • step 708 check the cell dQ/dOCV-OCV curve peak table to determine the SOHi that is most consistent with the peaks P1, P2,...PN;
  • step 709 the current SOH is updated according to the estimated SOHi.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of the SOH correction method provided by the sixth embodiment of this application. As shown in FIG. 8, the SOH correction method includes steps 801 to 811.
  • step 801 it is judged whether the battery cell starts to be charged, if yes, go to step 802, otherwise, go back to step 801;
  • step 802 the SOC value (SOCcharg0) at the start of charging is stored
  • step 803 it is determined whether SOCcharg0 is less than the preset maximum initial value of the SOC that can be checked; if so, step 804 is executed, otherwise the process is ended;
  • step 804 the current voltage sequence Volti is stored and recorded, the current SOC sequence SOCi is stored and recorded, and the current accumulated charge capacity sequence Capi is stored and recorded;
  • step 805 it is determined whether the charging is full or the charging is stopped, if not, step 806 is performed, and if yes, step 807 is performed;
  • step 806 it is determined whether the current charging time length reaches the preset time length, if yes, go back to step 805, otherwise, go back to step 806;
  • step 807 the OCV sequence during charging is estimated based on the voltage sequence Volti according to the battery model: OCV1, OCV2,...
  • step 808 calculate the dQ/dOCV sequence: d1, d2,...
  • step 809 the only effective peak point P is selected from all peak points that meet the conditions in the dQ/dOCV-OCV curve;
  • step 810 check the cell dQ/dOCV-OCV curve peak table to determine the SOHi corresponding to the peak p;
  • step 811 the current SOH is updated according to the estimated SOHi.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of the SOH correction method provided by the seventh embodiment of this application. As shown in FIG. 9, the SOH correction method includes steps 901 to 910.
  • step 901 it is judged whether the battery cell starts to charge slowly, if yes, go to step 902, otherwise, go back to step 901;
  • step 902 the SOC value (SOCcharg0) at the start of charging is stored
  • step 903 it is judged whether SOCcharg0 is less than the preset maximum initial value of SOC that can be checked; if so, go to step 904; otherwise, end the process;
  • step 904 the current voltage sequence Volti is stored and recorded, the current SOC sequence SOCi is stored and recorded, and the current accumulated charge capacity sequence Capi is stored and recorded;
  • step 905 it is determined whether the charging is full or the charging is stopped, if not, go to step 906, if yes, go to step 907;
  • step 906 it is determined whether the current charging time length reaches the preset time length, if yes, go back to step 905, otherwise, go back to step 906;
  • step 907 the dQ/dVolt sequence is calculated: d1, d2,...
  • step 908 filter out the only valid peak point from all peak points that meet the conditions in the dQ/dOCV-OCV curve;
  • step 909 check the cell dQ/dVolt-Volt curve peak table to determine the SOHi corresponding to the peak p;
  • step 910 the current SOH is updated according to the estimated SOHi.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an SOH correction device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the SOH correction device includes: a relationship curve obtaining module 1001, an effective peak point determination module 1002, an SOH calibration value determination module 1003, and an SOH correction module 1004.
  • the relationship curve obtaining module 1001 is used to obtain the relationship curve between the ratio of the cumulative charge and discharge capacity change of the battery cell and the corresponding voltage parameter change and the voltage parameter itself.
  • the effective peak point determination module 1002 is used to determine the effective peak point in the relationship curve.
  • the SOH calibration value determination module 1003 is used for determining the SOH calibration value corresponding to the voltage parameter data at the effective peak point according to the corresponding relationship between the pre-calibrated peak voltage parameter data and the SOH calibration value.
  • the SOH correction module 1004 is used to correct the current SOH according to the SOH calibration value.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery management system, which includes the above-mentioned SOH correction device.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a program is stored, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned SOH correction method.

Abstract

一种SOH修正方法和装置、电池管理系统和存储介质，该方法包括：获得电芯的累计充放电容量变化量和对应的电压参量变化量的比值与电压参量本身之间的关系曲线（101）；确定关系曲线中的有效峰值点（102）；确定与有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值（103）；根据SOH标定值修正当前SOH（104）。本方法能够提升SOH的估算精度。

Description

SOH修正方法和装置、电池管理系统和存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2019年05月17日提交的名称为“SOH修正方法和装置、电池管理系统和存储介质”的中国专利申请第201910413430.9号的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种SOH修正方法和装置、电池管理系统和存储介质。
背景技术
电池在长期使用中必然发生老化或者劣化，导致电池容量显著降低，因此对电池的SOH(State of Health)进行估计是有必要的。
现有技术中对电池SOH的检测方法为：在整车处于静止或小电流状态时获得电芯的开路电压OCV，根据预标定的OCV-SOC关系曲线查表获得荷电状态SOC，然后根据SOC计算期间的累计充放容量估算电芯的实际容量，进而估算SOH。
但是，OCV-SOC关系曲线随老化发生变化时，会导致荷电状态(SOC)计算误差增大，估算的SOH不可信，在这种情况下，如果仍以同样的充电电流进行充电，实际倍率也会偏大，存在过流风险等问题。
发明内容
本申请的目的是提供一种SOH修正方法和装置、电池管理系统和存储介质，能够解决老化后OCV-SOC关系曲线偏移造成的SOH估算不准的问题，提升SOH的估算精度。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种SOH修正方法，该修正方法包 括：
获得电芯的累计充放电容量变化量和对应的电压参量变化量的比值与电压参量本身之间的关系曲线；
确定关系曲线中的有效峰值点；
根据预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，确定与有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值；
根据SOH标定值修正当前SOH。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种SOH修正装置，该装置包括：
关系曲线获得模块，用于获得电芯的累计充放电容量变化量和对应的电压参量变化量的比值与电压参量本身之间的关系曲线；
有效峰值点确定模块，用于确定关系曲线中的有效峰值点；
SOH标定值确定模块，用于根据预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，确定与有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值；
SOH修正模块，用于根据SOH标定值修正当前SOH。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池管理系统，该电池管理系统包括如上所述的SOH修正装置。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有程序，程序被处理器执行时实现如上所述的SOH修正方法。
如上所述，本申请实施例针对部分体系电芯老化后OCV关系曲线发生显著变化的现象，将这种OCV关系曲线的变化规律进行量化，给出了预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，因此，当面对因老化后OCV-SOC关系曲线偏移造成的SOH估算不准的问题，需要对SOH进行修正时，只需要获得电芯的累计充放电容量变化量和对应的电压参量变化量的比值与电压参量本身之间的关系曲线，确定关系曲线中的有效峰值点，然后根据预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，确定与有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值，就能够根据SOH标定值修正当前SOH，从而提升SOH的估算精度。
附图说明
下面将参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果，其中的附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
图1为本申请第一实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的dQ/dOCV-OCV关系曲线示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的dQ/dOCV-OCV随老化变化曲线示意图；
图4为本申请第二实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图；
图5为本申请第三实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图；
图6为本申请第四实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图；
图7为本申请第五实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图；
图8为本申请第六实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图；
图9为本申请第七实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的SOH修正装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的各个方面的特征和示例性实施例。在下面的详细描述中，提出了许多具体细节，以便提供对本申请的全面理解。
本申请实施例提供一种SOH修正方法和装置、电池管理系统和存储介质，本申请实施例基于部分体系电芯老化后OCV关系曲线发生显著变化的现象，通过对OCV关系曲线的变化规律进行量化来估算老化SOH，能够提高SOH的估算精度，解决老化后OCV-SOC关系曲线偏移造成的SOH估算不准的问题。
图1为本申请第一实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图，如图1所示，该SOH修正方法包括步骤101至步骤104。
在步骤101中，获得电芯的累计充放电容量变化量和对应的电压参量变化量的比值与电压参量本身之间的关系曲线。
其中，电压参量包括电芯开路电压OCV或者电芯充放电时的检测电压。累计充放电容量的变化量表示电池电量的变化量。只对电芯充电时，累计充放电容量的变化量＝累计充电容量的变化量。只对电芯放电时，累 计充放电容量的变化量＝累计放电容量的变化量。实际行车过程中存在放电和回充，累计充放电容量的变化量＝电池实际电量的变化＝累计放电容量的增加量-累计充电容量的增加量。
当电芯的充电电流大于等于第六阈值时，电压参量可以为电芯开路电压OCV。可以将电芯的检测电压作为OCV，也可以将电芯的检测电压输入预设的电池模型，经电池模型估算得到OCV。其中，第六阈值表示慢充速率参考值，与车辆插枪充电时的电流相比，家用电器的充电电流属于慢充速率范畴。
当电芯的充电电流低于第六阈值时，电压参量可以为电芯的检测电压Volt。由于慢充状态下电池趋于稳态，因此，慢充状态下可以直接采用电芯的检测电压执行本申请实施例的SOH修正策略。
图2为本申请实施例提供的dQ/dOCV-OCV关系曲线示意图。dQ/dOCV-OCV关系曲线可以由采集的电压参量序列和累计充放电容量序列确定。
参看图2，针对dQ/dOCV-OCV关系曲线中的任一点，该点指示的dOCV为：对电压参量序列OCVi排序后该点指示的OCV与其前一点指示的OCV的差值；该点指示的dQ为：该点指示的OCV对应的累计充放电容量与其前一点指示的OCV对应的累计充放电容量的差值。
或者，针对dQ/dOCV-OCV关系曲线中的任一点，该点的横坐标也可以理解为对电压参量序列OCVi排序后相邻两个OCV的平均值，该点的纵坐标也可以理解为，与所述相邻两个OCV对应的累计充放电容量的差值。本领域技术人员可以根据需要确定dQ/dOCV-OCV关系曲线，此处不进行限定。
在一示例中，为提高SOH修正计算的精度，一方面参与运算的电压参量序列OCVi中电压参量序列OCVi中的电压参量数据的数目应大于第一阈值，以保证数据量充足；另一方面，电压参量序列OCVi中相邻两个电压参量数据的差值的绝对值应小于第二阈值，以避免因差值过大而出现曲线跳变或者导致计算出的dQ/dOCV-OCV的峰值信息被掩盖的问题。
在步骤102中，确定关系曲线中的有效峰值点。
在步骤103中，根据预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，确定与有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值。
在步骤104中，根据SOH标定值修正当前SOH。
图3为本申请实施例提供的dQ/dOCV-OCV随老化变化曲线示意图。
图3中示出了老化程度为SOH1时的dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线，以及老化程度为SOH2时的dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线，SOH1>SOH2。
从图3中可以看出，每条曲线中会涉及多个峰值点，本领域技术人员可以根据需要选择其中多个峰值点的数据形成表1。
表1为本申请实施例提供的与图3对应的dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线随老化变化的标定关系表。表1示出了标定值为SOH1时dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线中3个峰值对应的OCV(3.4V，3.65V和3.9V)；以及标定值为SOH2时dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线中3个峰值对应的OCV(3.38V，3.55V，3.88V)。
表1
Figure PCTCN2020086187-appb-000001
结合图3和表1，比较SOH1和SOH2下的两条dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线可以发现，由于电芯材料的特性，当电芯从老化状态SOH1到SOH2时，各峰值发生相对移动，p1移动至P1`，p2移动至P2`，p3移动至P3`，即随着电池的老化，峰值点对应的OCV呈减小趋势。
虽然图3和表1中仅示出了2组不同老化程度的峰值关系，可以理解地是，具体实施时，本领域技术人员可以详细地标定多组不同老化程度的峰值关系，以及选择每组老化程度下可用峰值的数量，此处不做限定。
具体实施时，本领域技术人员可以对各老化状态(SOH)下的峰值dQ/dOCV对应的OCV进行标定，然后对电芯实际的峰值dQ/dOCV和对应的OCV查表，就可以反推得到电芯的老化状态。
如上所述，针对电芯老化后OCV关系曲线发生显著变化的现象，本申请实施例将这种OCV关系曲线的变化规律进行量化，给出了预标定的 峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，因此，当面对因老化后OCV-SOC关系曲线偏移造成的SOH估算不准的问题，需要对SOH进行修正时，只需要获得电芯的累计充放电容量变化量和对应的电压参量变化量的比值与电压参量本身之间的关系曲线，确定关系曲线中的有效峰值点，然后根据预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，确定与有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值，就能够根据SOH标定值修正当前SOH，从而提升SOH的估算精度。
图4为本申请第二实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图，图4与图1的不同之处在于，图1中的步骤103可细化为图4中的步骤1031和步骤1032，用于描述第一种SOH标定值获取方式。
在步骤1031中，从关系曲线的所有峰值点中确定唯一有效峰值点。
在步骤1032中，根据预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，确定与唯一有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值。
也就是说，用于SOH标定值计算的峰值点只有一个，通过查询表1表，就可以确定出与该唯一有效峰值点处的OCV对应的SOH标定值。
具体地，步骤1031可以分两步执行：首先从dQ/dOCV-OCV关系曲线中筛选满足第一预定条件的峰值点，然后将峰值点中对应的dQ/dOCV最大的峰值点确定唯一有效峰值点。
满足第一预定条件的峰值点的数目可能为多个，比如，p1,p2,…pN。假设总共筛选出2个峰值点p1和p2，p1对应的电压参量和dQ/dOCV分别为3.6V和100，P2对应的电压参量和dQ/dOCV分别为3.55V和250，则将p2点作为唯一有效峰值点。
第一预定条件为：峰值点对应的累计充放电容量变化量和电压参量变化量的比值大于第七阈值，峰值点对应的电压参量数据处于预设的电压参量可查范围[OCVmin，OCVmax]内。
其中，预设的电压参量可查范围由预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系确定。比如，可以将表1中随老化变化最显著的峰，该峰对应的SOH标定值为100％时的OCV和该峰对应的SOH标定值为70％(或其他预设SOH下限)时的OCV中，较大值确定为OCVmax，较小值 确定为OCVmin。
结合表1，SOH1(100％)的三个峰值对应的OCV分别为3.4V，3.65V，3.9V；SOH2(70％)的三个峰值对应的OCV分别为3.38V，3.55V，3.88V，发现随老化变化最为显著的是3.65V(100％SOH)这个峰，则在所有随老化变化的峰中，只选择100％SOH时3.65V对应的这个峰用于后续判断老化程度的依据，此时，该峰在整个生命周期内对应的OCV范围为[3.55V,3.65V]。
上述示例仅为预设的电压参量可查范围的一种方式，本领域技术人员可以根据需要确认合适的电压参量可查范围，此处不做限定。
图5为本申请第三实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图，图5与图1的不同之处在于，图1中的步骤103可细化为图4中的步骤1033和步骤1035，用于描述第二种SOH标定值获取方式。
在步骤1033中，从关系曲线的所有峰值点中选择峰值最大的前N个峰值点作为N个有效峰值点。
在步骤1034中，针对预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系中的每个SOH标定值和N个有效峰值点对应的电压参量数据，获得一个差值向量。
其中，差值向量为第一向量和第二向量的差，第一向量表示该SOH标定值对应的N个峰值电压参量数据，第二向量表示与N个有效峰值点对应的电压参量数据；
在步骤1035中，将预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系中的多个SOH标定值的差值向量中、方差最小的差值向量对应的SOH标定值，确定为与N个有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值。
下面举例说明图5中的方案。
参看表1，SOH1中3个峰值对应的OCV形成第一向量(OCVp1,OCVp2,OCVp3)，线下筛选所有排序后的峰值序列di(di＝dQi/dOCVi)中数值最大的前三个峰值，前三个峰值对应的OCV形成第二向量(OCVk1,OCVk2,OCVk3)，第一向量减去第二向量的差值记 为差值向量，差值向量的方差记为var。
遍历表1中各SOHi，获得方差序列vari，找到方差最小时对应的SOH标定值，即为最为吻合的SOHi值，然后根据估算的SOHi值更新输出和存储的SOH。
上述两种SOH标定值获取方式中，第一种方法的优点在于只选择一个峰值点进行判断，计算量小；第二种方法在于可根据多个峰进行判断，对单点误差的鲁棒性更强。具体实施时，本领域技术人员可以根据需要选择SOH标定值获取方式，此处不做限定。
根据本申请实施例，dQ/dOCV-OCV关系曲线可以由采集的电压参量序列(比如OCVi或者Vi)和累计充放电容量序列Capi确定，下面结合不同工况对各序列的获取方式进行详细说明。
第一种为充电静置工况，该工况下记录电芯充电过程中的累计充放电容量，若当前累计充电容量与上一累计充电容量的差值达到第三阈值，控制电芯充电停止或者降低充电电流到第四阈值，持续第一预定时间段后恢复对电芯的充电，并记录一次电压参量序列OCVi和累计充放电容量序列Capi，直到电芯充电完成或者充电停止。
第二种工况为持续充电工况，该工况下控制电芯持续充电，直到电芯充电完成或者充电停止，每隔第二预定时间段记录一次电压参量序列OCVi和累计充放电容量序列Capi。
第三种工况为车辆运行工况或者放电工况，该工况下电芯在放电过程中每满足一次准SOC可查状态，记录一次电压参量序列OCVi和累计充放电容量序列Capi，直到当前累计放电容量与上一累计放电容量的差值小于第五阈值，因为当前累计放电容量与上一累计放电容量的差值较大会导致计算出的dQ/dOCV-OCV的峰值信息被掩盖。
其中，准SOC可查状态包括但不限于下列条件，满足其一即可：
电芯所属车辆的静置时长达到第一时长；
电芯所属车辆的休眠时长达到第二时长；
电芯所属车辆处于小电流持续放电状态的时长达到第三时长；
或者电芯的当前电压极化电压为0。
该工况下可以在车辆运行中充电或放电过程中估算SOH，无需对电芯进行特定倍率满放，无需预设特定的充放电工况，与现有技术中的要求电池放电倍率和温度处于特定状态，比如需要通过满充后以一定倍率放电到截止电压时的放电容量与标称容量的比值计算SOH相比，具有很大的可操作性。
第四种工况为慢充工况，该工况下由于慢充电流较小，因此无需计算OCV或通过控制充电电流获取OCV，可以直接根据充电曲线，即Vi序列计算充电中dQ/dVolt-V曲线即可。
在一个可选实施例中，由于开始充电时的SOC初值(SOCcharg0)可能超过查表范围，因此，在获得电芯的累计充放电容量变化量和对应的电压参量变化量的比值与电压参量本身之间的关系曲线(步骤101)之前，该SOH修正方法还包括：确定电芯开始充电时的SOC初值小于最大可查SOC初值。
为便于本领域技术人员理解，下面对本申请实施例中的SOH修正方法进行详细举例说明。
图6为本申请第四实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图。如图6所示，该SOH修正方法包括步骤601至步骤612。
在步骤601中，判断电芯是否充电(比如插枪充电中)，若是，则执行步骤602，否则，返回步骤601；
在步骤602中，存储开始充电时的SOC值(SOCcharg0)；
在步骤603中，判断SOCcharg0是否小于预设最大可查SOC初值；若是，则执行步骤604，否则结束流程；
在步骤604中，控制充电停止或降低充电电流到指定阈值I_Rest，持续指定时间T_Rest；
在步骤605中，存储记录当前电压序列Volti，存储记录当前SOC序列SOCi，存储记录当前累计充入容量序列Capi，并恢复充电；
在步骤606中，判断是否已经满充电或者充电停止，若否，则执行步骤607，若是，则执行步骤608。
在步骤607中，判断当前累计充电容量与上次累计充电容量的差值是 否大于阈值δCap1，若是，则执行步骤604，进入下次静置控制，若否，则返回步骤605，持续充电。
在步骤608中，将存储的电压序列Volti作为充电时OCV序列：OCV1,OCV2,...
在步骤609中，计算dQ/dOCV序列：d1,d2,…
在步骤610中，从dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线中所有满足条件的峰值点筛选出唯一的有效峰值点P；
在步骤611中，查电芯dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线峰值表，确定峰值p对应的SOHi；
在步骤612中，根据估算的SOHi更新当前SOH。
图7为本申请第五实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图。如图7所示，该SOH修正方法包括步骤701至步骤709。
在步骤701中，判断电芯是否处于准OCV可查状态(比如放电中)，若是，则执行步骤702，否则，返回步骤701；
在步骤702中，存储记录当前电压序列Volti，存储记录当前SOC序列SOCi，存储记录当前累计充放电容量序列Capi；
在步骤703中，判断当前累计充放电容量与上次累计充放电容量的差值是否小于δCap2，若是，则执行步骤704，否则返回步骤702；
此处，要求相邻两次累计充放电容量差值小于阈值δCap2的原因是：当两次相邻累计充放电容量相差太大时，在计算dQ/dOCV时会导致峰值信息被掩盖。
在步骤704中，将存储的电压序列Volti作为OCV序列：OCV1,OCV2,...
在步骤705中，计算dQ/dOCV序列：d1,d2,…
在步骤706中，判断OCV序列是否满足预设的序列要求，若是，则执行步骤707，否则，步骤701；
在步骤707中，计算dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线中最大的N个峰值，并按对应OCV值大小排序后的前N个峰值：P1,P2,...PN
在步骤708中，查电芯dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线峰值表，确定与峰值 P1,P2,...PN最为吻合的SOHi；
在步骤709中，根据估算的SOHi更新当前SOH。
图8为本申请第六实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图。如图8所示，该SOH修正方法包括步骤801至步骤811。
在步骤801中，判断电芯是否开始充电，若是，则执行步骤802，否则，返回步骤801；
在步骤802中，存储开始充电时的SOC值(SOCcharg0)；
在步骤803中，判断SOCcharg0是否小于预设最大可查SOC初值；若是，则执行步骤804，否则结束流程；
在步骤804中，存储记录当前电压序列Volti，存储记录当前SOC序列SOCi，存储记录当前累计充入容量序列Capi；
在步骤805中，判断是否已经满充电或者充电停止，若否，则执行步骤806，若是，则执行步骤807；
在步骤806中，判断当前充电时长是否达到预设时长，若是，则返回步骤805，否则，返回步骤806；
在步骤807中，根据电池模型基于电压序列Volti估算充电时OCV序列：OCV1,OCV2,...
在步骤808中，计算dQ/dOCV序列：d1,d2,…
在步骤809中，从dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线中所有满足条件的峰值点筛选出唯一的有效峰值点P；
在步骤810中，查电芯dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线峰值表，确定峰值p对应的SOHi；
在步骤811中，根据估算的SOHi更新当前SOH。
图9为本申请第七实施例提供的SOH修正方法的流程示意图。如图9所示，该SOH修正方法包括步骤901至步骤910。
在步骤901中，判断电芯是否开始慢充，若是，则执行步骤902，否则，返回步骤901；
在步骤902中，存储开始充电时的SOC值(SOCcharg0)；
在步骤903中，判断SOCcharg0是否小于预设的最大可查SOC初 值；若是，则执行步骤904，否则结束流程；
在步骤904中，存储记录当前电压序列Volti，存储记录当前SOC序列SOCi，存储记录当前累计充入容量序列Capi；
在步骤905中，判断是否已经满充电或者充电停止，若否，则执行步骤906，若是，则执行步骤907；
在步骤906中，判断当前充电时长是否达到预设时长，若是，则返回步骤905，否则，返回步骤906；
在步骤907中，计算dQ/dVolt序列：d1,d2,…
在步骤908中，从dQ/dOCV-OCV曲线中所有满足条件的峰值点筛选出唯一的有效峰值点；
在步骤909中，查电芯dQ/dVolt-Volt曲线峰值表，确定峰值p对应的SOHi；
在步骤910中，根据估算的SOHi更新当前SOH。
图10为本申请实施例提供的SOH修正装置的结构示意图。如图10所示，该SOH修正装置包括：关系曲线获得模块1001、有效峰值点确定模块1002、SOH标定值确定模块1003和SOH修正模块1004。
其中，关系曲线获得模块1001用于获得电芯的累计充放电容量变化量和对应的电压参量变化量的比值与电压参量本身之间的关系曲线。
有效峰值点确定模块1002用于确定关系曲线中的有效峰值点。
SOH标定值确定模块1003用于根据预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，确定与有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值。
SOH修正模块1004用于根据SOH标定值修正当前SOH。
本申请实施例还提供一种电池管理系统，该电池管理系统包括如上所述的SOH修正装置。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有程序，该述程序被处理器执行时实现如上所述的SOH修正方法。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部 件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种SOH修正方法，包括：
    获得电芯的累计充放电容量变化量和对应的电压参量变化量的比值与电压参量本身之间的关系曲线；
    确定所述关系曲线中的有效峰值点；
    根据预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，确定与所述有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值；
    根据所述SOH标定值修正当前SOH。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述关系曲线由采集的电压参量序列和累计充放电容量序列确定；
    针对所述关系曲线中的某一点，该点指示的电压参量变化量为：对所述电压参量序列排序后与该点指示的电压参量数据对应的相邻两个电压参量数据的差值；该点指示的累计充放电容量变化量为：所述累计充放电容量序列中与所述排序后与该点对应的相邻两个电压参量数据对应的两个累计充放电容量的差值。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述电压参量序列中电压参量数据的数目大于第一阈值；和/或，所述电压参量序列中相邻两个电压参量数据的差值的绝对值小于第二阈值。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述关系曲线由采集的电压参量序列和累计充放电容量序列确定；
    所述方法还包括：
    记录所述电芯充电过程中的累计充放电容量，若当前累计充电容量与上一累计充电容量的差值达到第三阈值，控制所述电芯充电停止或者降低充电电流到第四阈值，持续第一预定时间段后恢复对所述电芯的充电，并记录一次所述电压参量序列和所述累计充放电容量序列，直到所述电芯充电完成或者充电停止；
    或者，控制所述电芯持续充电，直到所述电芯充电完成或者充电停止，每隔第二预定时间段记录一次所述电压参量序列和所述累计充放电容量序列；
    或者，所述电芯在放电过程中每满足一次准SOC可查状态，记录一次所述电压参量序列和所述累计充放电容量序列，直到当前累计放电容量与上一累计放电容量的差值小于第五阈值；
    所述准SOC可查状态包括：所述电芯所属车辆的静置时长达到第一时长，所述电芯所属车辆的休眠时长达到第二时长，所述电芯所属车辆处于小电流持续放电状态的时长达到第三时长，或者所述电芯的当前电压极化电压为0。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在所述获得电芯的累计充放电容量变化量和对应的电压参量变化量的比值与电压参量本身之间的关系曲线之前，所述方法还包括：
    确定所述电芯开始充电时的SOC初值小于预设的最大可查SOC初值。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
    所述电芯的充电电流大于等于第六阈值时，所述电压参量为开路电压OCV，所述OCV由电芯的检测电压确定；
    所述电芯的充电电流低于所述第六阈值时，所述电压参量为电芯的检测电压。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，确定与所述有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值的步骤，包括：
    从所述关系曲线的所有峰值点中确定唯一有效峰值点；
    根据所述预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，确定与所述唯一有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，从所述关系曲线的所有峰值点中确定唯一有效峰值点的步骤，包括：
    从所述关系曲线中筛选满足第一预定条件的峰值点；
    将所述峰值点中对应的累计充放电容量变化量最大的峰值点确定所述唯一有效峰值点；
    其中，所述第一预定条件为：峰值点对应的累计充放电容量变化量和 电压参量变化量的比值大于第七阈值，峰值点对应的电压参量数据处于预设的电压参量可查范围内。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述预设的电压参量可查范围由所述预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系确定。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，确定与所述有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值的步骤，包括：
    从所述关系曲线的所有峰值点中选择峰值最大的前N个峰值点作为N个有效峰值点；
    对所述预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系中的每个SOH标定值和N个所述有效峰值点对应的电压参量数据，获得一个差值向量，所述差值向量为第一向量和第二向量的差，所述第一向量表示该SOH标定值对应的N个峰值电压参量数据，所述第二向量表示与N个所述有效峰值点对应的电压参量数据；
    将所述预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系中的多个SOH标定值的差值向量中方差最小的差值向量对应的SOH标定值，确定为与N个所述有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值。
  11. 一种SOH修正装置，其中，包括：
    关系曲线获得模块，用于获得电芯的累计充放电容量变化量和对应的电压参量变化量的比值与电压参量本身之间的关系曲线；
    有效峰值点确定模块，用于确定所述关系曲线中的有效峰值点；
    SOH标定值确定模块，用于根据预标定的峰值电压参量数据与SOH标定值的对应关系，确定与所述有效峰值点处的电压参量数据对应的SOH标定值；
    SOH修正模块，用于根据所述SOH标定值修正当前SOH。
  12. 一种电池管理系统，其中，包括如权利要求11所述的SOH修正装置。
  13. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有程序，其中，所述程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1-10任意一项所述的SOH修正方法。
PCT/CN2020/086187 2019-05-17 2020-04-22 Soh修正方法和装置、电池管理系统和存储介质 WO2020233326A1 (zh)

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CN112731173A (zh) * 2020-12-22 2021-04-30 东软睿驰汽车技术（沈阳）有限公司 一种电池包的电芯内阻变化检测方法及装置
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