WO2020221113A1 - 一种momordin Ib的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种momordin Ib的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2020221113A1
WO2020221113A1 PCT/CN2020/086541 CN2020086541W WO2020221113A1 WO 2020221113 A1 WO2020221113 A1 WO 2020221113A1 CN 2020086541 W CN2020086541 W CN 2020086541W WO 2020221113 A1 WO2020221113 A1 WO 2020221113A1
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momordin
aqueous solution
acid
sample
ethanol
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PCT/CN2020/086541
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French (fr)
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张玉梅
李佳
李静雅
臧奕
孙一立
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中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园
中国科学院上海药物研究所
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Publication of WO2020221113A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020221113A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07JSTEROIDS
    • C07J63/00Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton has been modified by expansion of only one ring by one or two atoms
    • C07J63/008Expansion of ring D by one atom, e.g. D homo steroids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07JSTEROIDS
    • C07J63/00Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton has been modified by expansion of only one ring by one or two atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07JSTEROIDS
    • C07J9/00Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of organic synthesis, medicine or functional food, in particular to a method for preparing momordin Ib.
  • Momordin Ib is a triterpene saponin, CAS number 26020-14-4, molecular formula C 36 H 56 O 9 , molecular weight 632, and the chemical structural unit is shown in formula (II):
  • Momordin Ib is an important active ingredient in medicinal plants such as Panax japonicas, Calendula officinalis, Acanthopanax gracilistylus, Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis, etc. It has anti-inflammatory, Various biological activities such as anti-platelet aggregation, lowering blood sugar and anti-tumor.
  • Momordin Ib there are two main methods for preparing Momordin Ib, extracting from plants and chemical synthesis:) directly extracting from plants, for example, it has been disclosed from plants such as Achyranthes bidentata and Salicornia europaea.
  • Momordin Ib was obtained by direct extraction and purification. The specific method is as follows: Achyranthes bidentata dried roots 7kg, extracted with methanol and refluxed 3 times (10L*3), combined the filtrate, and recovered the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain 1.2kg of methanol extract. The extract (500g) was suspended in water and extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol.
  • n-butanol extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain about 28 g of a pale yellow solid.
  • Compound 6 was dissolved in a mixed solvent of dichloromethane and methanol, a catalytic amount of sodium methoxide was added, and the reaction was stirred at room temperature.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing momordin Ib.
  • the method of the present invention can efficiently obtain high-purity momordin Ib in large quantities.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing momordin Ib, including:
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, five-carbon sugar and/or six-carbon sugar connected to each other composed of polysaccharide groups, five-carbon sugar groups or six-carbon sugar groups, and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are not hydrogen at the same time;
  • step 2) Adjust the pH of the extract of step 1) to 4.0-7.5 with alkali, and then separate it by column chromatography to obtain a momordin Ib-containing sample;
  • the R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently selected from hydrogen, ⁇ -D-xylopyranosyl, ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl, mannosyl, galactosyl, arabin A sugar group or a polysaccharide group formed by linking two or more identical or different sugars, and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are not hydrogen at the same time.
  • the acid is an organic acid and/or an inorganic acid
  • the inorganic acid is one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid;
  • the organic acid is one or more of formic acid, acetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid;
  • the acid is an acid aqueous solution; the concentration of the acid in the acid aqueous solution is 0.01-2.5 mol/L.
  • the plant containing the triterpene saponin derivative of the structural unit of formula (I) is one or more of Bougainvillea, Momordica sinensis and Kochia scoparia;
  • the plant extract containing the triterpene saponin derivative of the formula (I) structural unit is obtained by subjecting the plant containing the triterpene saponin derivative of the formula (I) structural unit to water extraction or alcohol extraction.
  • the column chromatography separation in step 2) is specifically:
  • momordin Ib sample with a mass percentage of 25-60% momordin Ib through an alumina column or a silica gel column for column chromatography to obtain a momordin Ib-containing sample, and the momordin Ib mass percentage in the sample is 60 to 80%.
  • the eluent in the step 2-1) is an aqueous alcohol solution
  • the aqueous alcohol solution is ethanol water or methanol aqueous solution
  • the elution method is first eluted with an alcohol aqueous solution with an alcohol volume content of 0%-40%, and then eluted with an alcohol aqueous solution with an alcohol volume content of 41%-85%;
  • the volume ratio of the 0%-40% alcohol aqueous solution to the 41%-85% alcohol aqueous solution is (0.5-4):1.
  • the eluent in step 2-2) consists of component A, component B and component C;
  • component A is one or more of n-hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, chloroform and ethyl acetate;
  • Component B is one or more of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol and n-butanol;
  • Component C is formic acid, glacial acetic acid and/or water.
  • the volume ratio of the component A, component B and component C is (4-15): (0-1):0.1.
  • the solvent for recrystallization in the step 3) is an aqueous ethanol solution or an aqueous methanol solution.
  • the ethanol aqueous solution is an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume content of 60-95%;
  • the methanol aqueous solution is a methanol aqueous solution with a volume content of 85-99%.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing momordin Ib, which comprises: firstly extracting a plant containing a triterpene saponin derivative of the formula (I) structural unit or a triterpene containing a structural unit of the formula (I)
  • the plant extract of the saponin derivative is mixed and reacted with acid to obtain the extract, and then the extract of step 1) is adjusted to pH 4.0-7.5 with alkali, and then separated by column chromatography to obtain a momordin Ib-containing sample;
  • the obtained momordin Ib-containing sample is recrystallized to obtain a pure momordin Ib product.
  • the present invention uses plants or plant extracts rich in triterpene saponins derivatives with structural units of formula (I) as raw materials for preparing momordin Ib.
  • the method not only has simple separation and purification operations, but also can realize momordin Ib.
  • the solvents for elution and recrystallization in each part can be recycled for many times, suitable for industrial production.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing momordin Ib, including:
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, five-carbon sugar and/or six-carbon sugar connected to each other composed of polysaccharide group, five-carbon sugar group or six-carbon sugar group, and R 1 , R 2.
  • R 3 and R 4 are not hydrogen at the same time;
  • step 2) Adjust the pH of the extract of step 1) to 4.0-7.5 with alkali, and then separate it by column chromatography to obtain a momordin Ib-containing sample;
  • the present invention mixes and reacts plants containing triterpene saponins derivatives of formula (I) structural units (for momordin Ic and its derivatives, including but not limited to momordin Ic and other compounds) or plant extracts, To obtain an extract; wherein, in the triterpene saponin derivative having a structural unit of formula (I), R 1 is preferably hydrogen, ⁇ -D-xylopyranosyl, ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl, galactose R 2 is preferably selected from hydrogen, ⁇ -D-xylopyranosyl and ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl group, mannosyl group, arabinosyl group or a polysaccharide group formed by linking two or more same or different sugars mentioned above; Group, galactosyl, mannosyl, arabinosyl or a polysaccharide group formed by connecting two or more same or different sugars; R 3 is preferably selected from hydrogen,
  • the temperature of the mixing reaction is preferably 60 to 150°C, more preferably 80 to 120°C, and most preferably 100 to 110°C;
  • the time of the mixing reaction is preferably 1 to 20 hours, more preferably 5 ⁇ 15 hours, more preferably 7-12 hours, most preferably 8-11 hours.
  • Plants known in the art containing triterpene saponins derivatives of formula (I) structural units can be , Preferably one or more of Kochia vulgaris, Momordica chinensis and Kochia scoparia; the present invention has no special requirements on the source of the plant extract of the triterpene saponin derivative containing the structural unit of formula (I) , Preferably an extract obtained by subjecting a plant containing a triterpene saponin derivative of the formula (I) structural unit to water extraction or alcohol extraction; and the plant is preferably one of Brassica glabra, Momordica sinensis and Kochia scoparia One or more; the alcohol extracted by alcohol is preferably methanol or ethanol.
  • the present invention also adjusts the pH of the extract of step 1) to 4.0-7.5, more preferably 6.5-7.5 with alkali, and then separates it by column chromatography to obtain a momordin Ib-containing sample;
  • alkali such as sodium oxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium acetate and other common alkalis;
  • the pH of the extract is preferably adjusted to 6.8 -7.2, more preferably 6.9-7.0.
  • the preferred column chromatography separation of the present invention is specifically:
  • the extract solution whose pH is adjusted to 4.0-7.5 with a base is passed through a resin column or an activated carbon column for column chromatography to obtain a sample with a momordin Ib mass percentage of 25-60%; preferably, the pH is adjusted with a base to
  • the extraction solution of 6.5 to 7.5 is subjected to column chromatography through a resin column or an activated carbon column to obtain a sample with a mass percentage of momordin Ib of 25-60%.
  • the present invention has no special requirements for the filler of the resin column resin, which is well known in the art.
  • any resin column that can be used for column chromatography such as D101 resin, HPD-300 resin or ADS-7 resin
  • the eluent for column chromatography is preferably an alcohol aqueous solution
  • the alcohol aqueous solution is an ethanol aqueous solution Or methanol aqueous solution
  • the present invention preferably uses an alcohol aqueous solution (denoted as the first eluent) with an alcohol volume content of 0% to 40% for elution, and then alcohol
  • the volume content of 41%-85% alcohol aqueous solution (denoted as the second eluent) is more preferably first eluted with an alcohol volume content of 10%-35% alcohol aqueous solution (denoted as the first eluent) Elution, and then elution with an alcohol aqueous solution with an alcohol volume content of 50% to 75% (denoted as the second eluent), more preferably an alcohol aqueous solution
  • the eluent for column chromatography is preferably composed of component A, component B and component C; wherein, the component A is n-hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, chloroform and ethyl acetate
  • the component B is one or more of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol and n-butanol; the component C is formic acid, glacial acetic acid and/or water;
  • the component A is one or more of dichloromethane, chloroform and ethyl acetate;
  • the component B is one of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanopropanol and isopropano
  • the volume ratio of component A, component B and component C is preferably (3-12):1:0.1, more preferably (4-10):1:0.1, more preferably Preferably it is (5 ⁇ 8):1:0.1; in the second mixed eluent, the volume ratio of component A, component B and component C is preferably (3 ⁇ 10):1:0.1, more preferably Is (4-9):1:0.1, more preferably (5-8):1:0.1; in the third mixed eluent, the volume ratio of component A, component B and component C is preferably (3-9):1:0.1, more preferably (4-7):1:0.1, more preferably (5-6):1:0.1; in the fourth mixed eluent, components A, The volume ratio of component B and component C is preferably (3-8):1:0.1, more preferably (4-6):1:0.1, more preferably (5-5.5):1:0.1.
  • the obtained momordin Ib-containing sample is recrystallized to obtain momordin Ib pure product;
  • the solvent for recrystallization is preferably an aqueous ethanol solution or an aqueous methanol solution;
  • the aqueous ethanol solution is preferably an ethanol volume content of A 60-95% ethanol aqueous solution, more preferably an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume content of 70 to 90%, more preferably a 75-85% ethanol aqueous solution;
  • the methanol aqueous solution is a methanol aqueous solution with a methanol volume content of 85 to 99%; more preferably 90-95% methanol aqueous solution.
  • the method for preparing momordin Ib firstly mixes and reacts a plant containing a triterpene saponin derivative of formula (I) structural unit or a plant extract containing a triterpene saponin derivative of formula (I) structural unit with an acid , To obtain the extract, and then adjust the pH of the extract of step 1) to 4.0-7.5 with alkali, and then separate by column chromatography to obtain a momordin Ib-containing sample; finally, the obtained momordin Ib-containing sample is recrystallized, Get momordin Ib pure product.
  • the present invention uses plants or plant extracts rich in triterpene saponin derivatives with structural units of formula (I) as raw materials for preparing momordin Ib.
  • the method is not only simple in isolation and purification, but also can realize momordin Ib. Obtained in large quantities, and the solvents eluted and recrystallized in each part can be recycled many times, and are suitable for industrial production.
  • glycosyl in this application refers to a group obtained by removing a hydroxyl group on a monosaccharide or polysaccharide. It is called a glycosyl.
  • a glycosyl For example, taking mannose as an example, its molecular formula is: C 5 H 6 (OH) 5 CHO, mannosyl is C 5 H 6 (OH) 4 CHO.
  • the momordin Ib with a purity of 92.5% was recrystallized three times with an 80% ethanol aqueous solution to obtain 4.5 g of momordin Ib with a purity of 98.0%.
  • the structure identification data of momordin Ib is:
  • the partial eluates were combined and ethanol was recovered to obtain 48.6 g of a momordin Ib sample with a mass content of 50%. Dissolve this 50% momordin Ib sample with a mass ratio of 1:1 and mix the sample with silica gel with a mass ratio of 1:1, load it on a silica gel column (1944g) and use dichloromethane/methanol/water (7:1:0.1-5:1:0.1) Gradient elution (7:1:0.1(12L), 6:1:0.1(10L), 5:1:0.1(15L)), concentrate 5:1:0.1 eluent to obtain 9.1g momordin with 93.4% purity Ib. Momordin Ib with a purity of 93.4% was recrystallized three times with a 70% ethanol aqueous solution to obtain 5.8 g of momordin Ib with a purity of 98.6%.
  • the part of the eluate was combined and ethanol was recovered to obtain 105.2 g of a momordin Ib sample with a mass content of 56%. Dissolve the 56% momordin Ib sample by mass and mix it with silica gel with a mass ratio of 1:1, load it on a silica gel column (5260g) and add dichloromethane/methanol/glacial acetic acid (12:1:0.1-9:1:0.1). ) Gradient elution (10:1:0.1 (20L), 9:1:0.1 (35L)), and the 9:1:0.1 eluate is concentrated to obtain 22.3g momordin Ib with a purity of 92.4%. Momordin Ib with a purity of 92.4% was recrystallized three times with an 80% ethanol aqueous solution to obtain 16.2 g of momordin Ib with a purity of 98.1%.
  • the partial eluates were combined and ethanol was recovered to obtain 12.2 g of momordin Ib sample with a mass content of 48%. Dissolve the 48% momordin Ib sample by mass and mix it with silica gel with a mass ratio of 1:1, apply it to a silica gel (610g) column and add dichloromethane/methanol/glacial acetic acid (12:1:0.1-9:1:0.1). ) Gradient elution (10:1:0.1 (12L), 9:1:0.1 (14L)), and concentrate 9:1:0.1 eluate to obtain 5.1 g momordin Ib with a purity of 91.8%. Momordin Ib with a purity of 91.8% was recrystallized three times with chromatographic methanol to obtain 2.1 g of momordin Ib with a purity of 98.1%.
  • momordin Ib sample with a mass content of 52%.
  • Dissolve the 52% momordin Ib sample with a mass ratio of 1:1 mix the sample with silica gel with a mass ratio of 1:1, load it on a silica gel column (2570g) and wash with a gradient of chloroform/methanol/water (7:1:0.1-5:1:0.1) After removing (7:1:0.1(20L)6:1:0.1(23L),5:1:0.1(30L)), and concentrating the 5:1:0.1 eluate, 20.1g momordin Ib with a purity of 92.2% is obtained.
  • Momordin Ib with a purity of 92.2% was recrystallized three times with an 85% ethanol aqueous solution to obtain 16.3 g of momordin Ib with a purity of 98.3%.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种momordin Ib的制备方法,通过首先将含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物或含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物提取物与酸混合反应,得到提取液,然后将步骤1)的提取液用碱调pH至4.0~7.5,然后通过柱层析进行分离,得到含momordin Ib的样品;最后将得到的含momordin Ib的样品进行重结晶,得到momordin Ib纯品。其中,本发明通过将富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物或植物提取物作为制备momordin Ib的原料,结果发现,该方法不仅分离纯化操作简单,且可实现momordin Ib的大量获得,且各步中洗脱以及重结晶的溶剂可多次回收利用,适用于工业生产。

Description

一种momordin Ib的制备方法
本申请要求于2019年04月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910357821.3、发明名称为“一种momordin Ib的制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及有机合成、药物或功能食品领域,尤其涉一种momordin Ib的制备方法。
背景技术
Momordin Ib为三萜皂苷,CAS号26020-14-4,分子式C 36H 56O 9,分子量632,化学结构单元如式(II)所示:
Figure PCTCN2020086541-appb-000001
Momordin Ib为竹节参(Panax japonicas)、金盏花(Calendula officinalis)、五加(Acanthopanax gracilistylus)以及滇重楼(Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis)等药用植物中的重要活性成分,具有抗炎、抗血小板凝集、降血糖及抗肿瘤等多种生物活性。
目前,关于Momordin Ib的制备方法主要有两种,从植物中提取和化学合成法:)直接从植物中提取,如现有公开从牛膝(Achyranthes bidentata)及海蓬子(Salicornia europaea)等植物中直接提取纯化获得momordin Ib,具体方法如下:牛膝干燥根7kg,用甲醇浸提回流3次(10L*3),合并滤液,减压回收溶剂得甲醇浸膏1.2kg。取浸膏(500g)混悬于水中,依次用乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取。正丁醇萃取液减压浓缩得浅黄色固体约28g。取正丁醇提取物25g湿法上硅胶柱,用二氯甲烷-甲醇(VBV,10:1—5:5)梯度洗脱,得5个组分Ⅰ(0.5g)、Ⅱ(6.10g)、Ⅲ(2.5g)、Ⅳ(6.0g)、Ⅴ(5.0 g)。组分Ⅱ用Cosmosil 75C-OPN柱,以甲醇-水(V:V=4:1)洗脱,得组分Ⅱ-1(500mg)、Ⅱ-2(1.2g)、Ⅱ-3(2.5g)、Ⅱ-4(1.4g)。将化合物组分Ⅱ-1反复用Cosmosil 75C-OPN柱分离,用甲醇-水(V:V=4:1)洗脱得化合物(1)(momordin Ib,25mg),参见:祈乃喜,贾淑萍,郝志芳,李建新,怀牛膝成分的分离与鉴定。中国药物化学杂志,2005,15(3),162-165。海蓬子108公斤以95%酒精室温浸提3次,每次10天,合并滤液,减压浓缩得乙醇浸膏。然后将浸膏用水溶解并以乙酸乙酯萃取,所得水溶液上D101大孔树脂,以乙醇-水系统梯度洗脱,收集70%乙醇部分溶液并浓缩得到570g浸膏,将其上硅胶柱后得到1-15个分段部位,分段部位8上硅胶柱后以乙酸乙酯:甲醇5:1洗脱,得到compound 4(momordin Ib,10mg),参见Min Yin,Xiangyun Wang,Ming Wang,Yu Chen,Yunfa Dong,Youyi Zhao,and Xu Feng,A NEW TRITERPENOID SAPONIN AND OTHER SAPONINS FROM Salicornia europaea,Chemistry of Natural Compounds,2012,48(2),258-261。可见,从植物中提取的方案中,由于天然含量极低,通常为万分之几到十万分之几的含量;2)化学合成方法获得momordin Ib的已公开方法如下:将葡萄糖醛酸内脂(5.0g,28.4mmol),分5批次于内加入氢氧化钠的甲醇溶液中(50mg/50ml),室温过夜搅拌,次日旋干,真空干燥,直接溶入的吡啶中,冰浴下慢慢加入15mL的苯甲酰氯,恢复室温搅拌,TLC(AcOEt:PE=1:3,Rf=0.32)跟踪反应完全,浓缩,水洗,乙酸乙酯萃,干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析得泡沫状固体2(14.9g,84%)。将所得化合物2(4.86g,7.8mmol)溶于10ml DMF中,加入醋酸肼(2.6g,23.4mmol),室温反应,TLC跟踪,快速柱层析后,旋干,直接溶于10ml二氯甲烷中,加入2.4ml三氯乙睛,催化量得DBU,室温反应,跟踪,快速柱层析得淡黄色泡沫状固体3(2.5g,48%)。称取齐墩果酸(1.0g,2.2mmol),咪唑(720mg)加入到反应瓶中。再量取4mL干燥的DMF加入到反应瓶中。室温搅拌一段时间,Ar气保护下将2.0mL TBDPSCl加入到反应瓶中。TLC跟踪检测(PE:EtOAc=6:1)显示反应完全。二氯甲烷稀释,水洗,干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析(PE:EtOAc=6:1)得白色泡沫状固体5(1.39g,91%)。将化合物3和5,
Figure PCTCN2020086541-appb-000002
MS混溶于干燥的二氯甲烷中,室温下搅拌0.5h后,降至0℃再搅拌0.5h,慢慢滴加入0.05eq的TMSOTf,慢慢恢复室温搅拌反应。TLC跟踪检测(AcOEt:PE:DCM=1:4:1),反应完全,加入TEA终止反应。 过滤,旋干,抽真空得化合物6粗产品。将化合物6溶于二氯甲烷和甲醇的混合溶剂中,加入催化量的甲醇钠,室温搅拌反应。TLC跟踪(MeOH:DCM=1:9)检测,原料反应完全,生成化合物7的点,加入0.5M氢氧化钠的水溶液,室温搅拌反应,TLC跟踪检测(MeOH:DCM=1:9),生成化合物8的新点,化合物7的点完全消失,H+树脂中和至pH3-4,过滤,浓缩,层析柱分离(MeOH:CH 2Cl 2:H 2O=20:60:1),旋干,真空干燥,得到白色粉末固体momordin Ib,该化学合成步骤繁琐、工艺复杂,至今无成功大量合成的报道。参见:朱石磊.若干皂苷衍生物的合成和生物活性研究及天然产BetavulgarosideⅢ的全合成.中国海洋大学博士学位论文,2008。
通过上述已公开文献可以看出,目前公开的momordin Ib的制备方法,无论从植物中直接提取纯化还是用化学合成手段均难以实现momordin Ib的工业化生产,无法满足其在生物、药物或保健领域的应用。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种momordin Ib的制备方法,本发明的方法能够大量高效地获得高纯度momordin Ib。
本发明提供了一种momordin Ib的制备方法,包括:
1)将含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物或含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic等化合物)的植物提取物与酸混合反应,得到提取液;
Figure PCTCN2020086541-appb-000003
其中,
R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4独立的选自氢、五碳糖和/或六碳糖互相连接组成的 多糖基、五碳糖基或六碳糖基,且R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4不同时为氢;
2)将步骤1)的提取液用碱调pH至4.0~7.5,然后通过柱层析进行分离,得到含momordin Ib的样品;
3)将得到的含momordin Ib的样品进行重结晶,得到momordin Ib纯品。
优选的,所述R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4独立的选自氢、β-D-吡喃木糖基、β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基、甘露糖基、半乳糖基、阿拉伯糖基或两个以上相同或不同的糖连接成的多糖基,且R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4不同时为氢。
优选的,所述酸为有机酸和/或无机酸;
所述无机酸为硫酸、盐酸和磷酸中的一种或几种;
所述有机酸为甲酸、乙酸和三氟乙酸中的一种或几种;
优选的,所述酸为酸的水溶液;所述酸的水溶液中酸的浓度为0.01~2.5mol/L。
优选的,所述含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物为光叶子花、木鳖子和地肤子中的一种或几种;
所述含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物提取物是通过将含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物进行水提或醇提得到。
优选的,所述步骤2)的柱层析分离具体为:
2-1)将用碱调pH至4.0~7.5的提取液通过树脂柱或活性炭柱进行柱层析,得到momordin Ib质量百分含量为25~60%的样品;
2-2)将上述momordin Ib质量百分含量为25~60%momordin Ib的样品通过氧化铝柱或硅胶柱进行柱层析,得到含momordin Ib的样品,样品中momordin Ib的质量百分含量为60~80%。
优选的,所述步骤2-1)中的洗脱剂为醇的水溶液,所述醇的水溶液为乙醇水或甲醇水溶液;
所述洗脱方式为首先用醇体积含量为0%~40%的醇的水溶液洗脱,然后再用醇体积含量为41%~85%的醇的水溶液洗脱;
优选的,所述0%~40%的醇的水溶液与所述41%~85%的醇的水溶液的体积比为(0.5~4):1。
优选的,所述步骤2-2)的洗脱剂由组分A、组分B和组分C组成;
其中,组分A为正己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、氯仿和乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种;
组分B为甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇和正丁醇中的一种或几种;
组分C为甲酸、冰醋酸和/或水。优选的,所述组分A、组分B和组分C组成的体积比为(4~15):(0~1):0.1。
优选的,所述步骤3)中重结晶用溶剂为乙醇水溶液或甲醇水溶液。
优选的,所述乙醇水溶液为乙醇体积含量为60~95%乙醇水溶液;
所述甲醇水溶液为甲醇体积含量为85~99%甲醇水溶液。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供了一种momordin Ib的制备方法,包括:通过首先将含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物或含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物提取物与酸混合反应,得到提取液,然后将步骤1)的提取液用碱调pH至4.0~7.5,然后通过柱层析进行分离,得到含momordin Ib的样品;最后将得到的含momordin Ib的样品进行重结晶,得到momordin Ib纯品。其中,本发明通过将富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物或植物提取物作为制备momordin Ib的原料,结果发现,该方法不仅分离纯化操作简单,且可实现momordin Ib的大量获得,且各部中洗脱以及重结晶的溶剂可多次回收利用,适用于工业生产。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种momordin Ib的制备方法,包括:
1)将含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物或含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物提取物与酸混合反应,得到提取液,
Figure PCTCN2020086541-appb-000004
其中,R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4独立的选自氢、五碳糖和/或六碳糖互相连接组成的多糖基、五碳糖基或六碳糖基,且R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4不同时为氢;
2)将步骤1)的提取液用碱调pH至4.0~7.5,然后通过柱层析进行分离,得到含momordin Ib的样品;
3)将得到的含momordin Ib的样品进行重结晶,得到momordin Ib纯品。
按照本发明,本发明将含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物(为momordin Ic及其衍生物,即包括但不限于momordin Ic等化合物)或植物提取物与酸混合反应,得到提取液;其中,所述有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物中,R 1优选为氢、β-D-吡喃木糖基、β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基、半乳糖基、甘露糖基、阿拉伯糖基或上述两个以上相同或不同的糖连接成的多糖基;R 2优选为选自氢、β-D-吡喃木糖基、β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基、半乳糖基、甘露糖基、阿拉伯糖基或上述两个以上相同或不同的糖连接成的多糖基;R 3优选为选自氢、β-D-吡喃木糖基、β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基、半乳糖基、甘露糖基、阿拉伯糖基或上述两个以上相同或不同的糖连接成的多糖基;R 4优选为氢、β-D-吡喃木糖基、β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基、半乳糖基、甘露糖基、阿拉伯糖基或上述两个以上相同或不同的糖连接成的多糖基;所述酸可以为有机酸或无机酸,其中,所述无机酸为硫酸、盐酸和磷酸中的一种或几种,所述有机酸优选为甲酸、乙酸和三氟乙酸中的一种或几种;所述酸优选为酸的水溶液,更优选为所述酸的水溶液中酸的浓度为0.01~2.5mol/L,更优选为0.03~2.0mol/L,更优选为0.06~1.5mol/L, 更优选为0.09~1.0mol/L,更优选为0.10~0.5mol/L。本发明中,所述混合反应的温度优选为60~150℃,更优选为80~120℃,最优选为100~110℃;所述混合反应的时间优选为1~20小时,更优选为5~15小时,更优选为7~12小时,最优选为8~11小时。
本发明中,本发明所述含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物的种类没有特殊要求,本领域公知的含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物均可,优选为光叶子花、木鳖子和地肤子中的一种或几种;本发明对所述含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物提取物的来源亦没有特殊要求,优选通过将含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物进行水提或醇提得到的提取物;且所述植物优选为光叶子花、木鳖子和地肤子中的一种或几种;所述醇提的醇优选为甲醇或乙醇。
按照本发明,本发明还将步骤1)的提取液用碱调pH至4.0~7.5,更优选为6.5~7.5,然后通过柱层析进行分离,得到含momordin Ib的样品;其中,本发明对碱的种类没有特殊要求,如可以为氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠和醋酸钠等常见碱中的一种或几种;本发明中,优选将提取液的pH调节至6.8~7.2,更优选为6.9~7.0。
本发明中,为了使momordin Ib更好的与杂质分离,本发明优选柱层析分离具体为:
2-1)将用碱调pH至4.0~7.5的提取液通过树脂柱或活性炭柱进行柱层析,得到momordin Ib质量百分含量为25~60%的样品;优选为将用碱调pH至6.5~7.5的提取液通过树脂柱或活性炭柱进行柱层析,得到momordin Ib质量百分含量为25~60%的样品;其中,本发明对树脂柱树脂的填料没有特殊要求,本领域公知的可用于柱层析的树脂柱均可,如可以为D101树脂、HPD-300树脂或ADS-7树脂;所述柱层析用洗脱剂优选为醇的水溶液,所述醇的水溶液为乙醇水溶液或甲醇水溶液;更具体的为了使目标产物与杂质充分分离,本发明优选先用醇体积含量为0%~40%的醇的水溶液(记为第一洗脱剂)洗脱,然后再用醇体积含量为41%~85%的醇的水溶液(记为第二洗脱剂)洗脱,更优选先用醇体积含量为10%~35%的醇的水溶液(记为第一洗脱剂)洗脱,然后再用醇体积含量 为50%~75%的醇的水溶液(记为第二洗脱剂)洗脱,更优选先用醇体积含量为20%~30%的醇的水溶液(记为第一洗脱剂)洗脱,然后再用醇体积含量为55%~65%的醇的水溶液(记为第二洗脱剂)洗脱;所述第一洗脱剂与第二洗脱剂的体积比优选为(0.5~5):1,更优选为(0.6~3.5):1,更优选为(0.8~3):1,最优选为(1.0~2):1。
2-2)将上述momordin Ib质量百分含量为25~60%的样品通过氧化铝柱或硅胶柱进行柱层析,得到含momordin Ib的样品,样品中momordin Ib质量百分含量为60~80%;所述柱层析用洗脱剂优选组分A、组分B和组分C组成;其中,所述组分A为正己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、氯仿和乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种;所述组分B为甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇和正丁醇中的一种或几种;所述组分C为甲酸、冰醋酸和/或水;优选的,所述组分A为二氯甲烷、氯仿和乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种;所述组分B为甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇和正丁醇中的一种或几种;所述组分C为冰醋酸和/或水;所述柱层析用洗脱方式优选为梯度洗脱,具体的,本发明依次用第一混合洗脱剂、第二混合洗脱剂、第三混合洗脱剂、第四混合洗脱剂进行梯度洗脱,其中,所述第一混合洗脱剂、第二混合洗脱剂、第三混合洗脱剂、第四混合洗脱剂中组分A的含量是递减的;优选的,所述第一混合洗脱剂、第二混合洗脱剂、第三混合洗脱剂、第四混合洗脱剂的用量的体积比为(0.5~1.5):(0.5~1.5):(0.8~2):(0~2.5),更优选为(0.8~1.2):(0.8~1.2):(1~1.5):(1~2);所述第一混合洗脱剂中,组分A、组分B和组分C的体积比优选为(3~12):(0~1):0.1,更优选为(4~10):(0.2~0.8):0.1,更优选为(5~8):(0.5~0.7):0.1;所述第二混合洗脱剂中,组分A、组分B和组分C的体积比优选为(3~10):(0~1):0.1,更优选为(4~9):(0.3~0.8):0.1,更优选为(5~8):(0.5~0.7):0.1;所述第三混合洗脱剂中,组分A、组分B和组分C的体积比优选为(3~9):(0~1):0.1,更优选为(4~7):(0.3~0.8):0.1,更优选为(5~6):(0.5~0.7):0.1;所述第四混合洗脱剂中,组分A、组分B和组分C的体积比优选为(3~8):(0~1):0.1,更优选为(4~6):(0.3~0.8):0.1,更优选为(5~5.5):(0.5~0.7):0.1。
所述第一混合洗脱剂中,组分A、组分B和组分C的体积比优选为 (3~12):1:0.1,更优选为(4~10):1:0.1,更优选为(5~8):1:0.1;所述第二混合洗脱剂中,组分A、组分B和组分C的体积比优选为(3~10):1:0.1,更优选为(4~9):1:0.1,更优选为(5~8):1:0.1;所述第三混合洗脱剂中,组分A、组分B和组分C的体积比优选为(3~9):1:0.1,更优选为(4~7):1:0.1,更优选为(5~6):1:0.1;所述第四混合洗脱剂中,组分A、组分B和组分C的体积比优选为(3~8):1:0.1,更优选为(4~6):1:0.1,更优选为(5~5.5):1:0.1。
按照本发明,本发明将得到的含momordin Ib的样品进行重结晶,得到momordin Ib纯品;其中,所述重结晶用溶剂优选为乙醇水溶液或甲醇水溶液;所述乙醇水溶液优选为乙醇体积含量为60~95%乙醇水溶液,更优选为乙醇体积含量为70~90%乙醇水溶液,更优选为75~85%乙醇水溶液;所述甲醇水溶液为甲醇体积含量为85~99%甲醇水溶液;更优选为90~95%甲醇水溶液。
本发明提供的momordin Ib的制备方法,通过首先将含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物或含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物提取物与酸混合反应,得到提取液,然后将步骤1)的提取液用碱调pH至4.0~7.5,然后通过柱层析进行分离,得到含momordin Ib的样品;最后将得到的含momordin Ib的样品进行重结晶,得到momordin Ib纯品。其中,本发明通过将富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物植物或植物提取物作为制备momordin Ib的原料,结果发现,该方法不仅分离纯化操作简单,且可实现momordin Ib的大量获得,且各部中洗脱以及重结晶的溶剂可多次回收利用,适用于工业生产。
另外,需要指出的是,本申请中的糖基是指单糖或多糖上的去掉一个羟基得到的基团叫做糖基,如以甘露糖为例,其分子式为:C 5H 6(OH) 5CHO,甘露糖基即为C 5H 6(OH) 4CHO。
下面将结合本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic等化合物)的干燥光叶子花枝叶植物样品10kg,粉碎后过20目筛,加入30升0.05Mol/L稀硫酸水溶液加热回流提取3次(9、1、1小时),趁热过滤提取液,合并3次提取液并以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上医用活性炭(1000g)柱,依次以水、40%乙醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以85%乙醇水溶液洗脱10个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量42%momordin Ib样品43.4g。将43.4g质量含量42%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的氧化铝拌样,上氧化铝(1085g)柱并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/冰醋酸(12:1:0.1-9:1:0.1)梯度洗脱(12:1:0.1(12L),11:1:0.1(10L),10:1:0.1(9L),9:1:0.1(14L)),浓缩9:1:0.1洗脱液即得7.1g纯度92.5%的momordin Ib。将纯度92.5%的momordin Ib用80%乙醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得4.5g纯度98.0%的momordin Ib。
momordin Ib的结构鉴定数据为:
momordin Ib(II):白色粉末,C 36H 56O 9,ESI-MS:631[M-H] -1H NMR(500MHz,CD 3OD)δ:5.46(1H,brs,H-12),4.97(1H,d,J=12.2Hz,H-1′),3.35(1H,m,H-3),1.29(3H,s,H-23),1.26(3H,s,H-29),1.03(3H,s,H-26),1.00(3H,s,H-24),0.99(3H,s,H-30),0.94(3H,s,H-27),0.81(3H,s,H-25)。 13C NMR(125MHz,CD 3OD)δ:39.2(C-1),26.7(C-2),89.7(C-3),39.8(C-4),56.4(C-5),18.8(C-6),33.5(C-7),40.2(C-8),48.5(C-9),37.3(C-10),24.1(C-11),123.1(C-12),145.3(C-13),42.4(C-14),28.9(C-15),24.4(C-16),46.8(C-17),42.7(C-18),42.5(C-19),31.1(C-20),34.8(C-21),33.6(C-22),28.7(C-23),17.5(C-24),15.7(C-25),17.8(C-26),26.8(C-27),177.1(C-28),33.7(C-29),24.1(C-30),106.5(C-1′),76.0(C-2′),79.1(C-3′),74.3(C-4′),75.8(C-5′),172.4(C-6′)。
实施例2:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于 momordin Ic等化合物)的干燥光叶子花枝叶植物样品10kg,粉碎后过20目筛,加入30升0.12Mol/L三氟乙酸水溶液加热回流提取3次(9、1、1小时),趁热过滤提取液,合并3次提取液并以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上D101大孔树脂(10kg)柱,依次以水、40%乙醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以50%乙醇水溶液洗脱40个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量51%momordin Ib样品46g。将46g质量含量51%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的氧化铝拌样,上氧化铝(1150g)柱并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/水(7:1:0.1-5:1:0.1)梯度洗脱(7:1:0.1(10L),6:1:0.1(11L),5:1:0.1(14L)),浓缩5:1:0.1洗脱液即得8.5g纯度91.8%的momordin Ib。将纯度91.8%的momordin Ib用95%甲醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得6.3g纯度98.3%的momordin Ib。
实施例3:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic等化合物)的干燥光叶子花枝叶植物样品10kg,粉碎后过20目筛,加入30升0.1Mol/L稀盐酸水溶液加热回流提取3次(9、1、1小时),趁热过滤提取液,合并3次提取液并以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上D101大孔树脂(10kg)柱,依次以水、40%乙醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以50%乙醇水溶液洗脱40个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量49%momordin Ib样品45.2g。将45.2g质量含量49%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的氧化铝拌样,上氧化铝(1130g)柱并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/冰醋酸(12:1:0.1-9:1:0.1)梯度洗脱(12:1:0.1(13L),11:1:0.1(11L),10:1:0.1(10L),9:1:0.1(14L)),浓缩9:1:0.1洗脱液即得7.4g纯度92.1%的momordin Ib。将纯度92.1%的momordin Ib用85%乙醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得5.2g纯度98.5%的momordin Ib。
实施例4:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于 momordin Ic等化合物)的干燥光叶子花枝叶植物样品10kg,粉碎后过20目筛,加入30升2.0Mol/L甲酸水溶液加热回流提取3次(9、1、1小时),趁热过滤提取液,合并3次提取液并以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上ADS-7大孔树脂(10kg),依次以水、38%乙醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以55%乙醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量34%momordin Ib样品41.6g。将41.6g质量含量34%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的氧化铝拌样,上氧化铝柱(1040g)并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/水(7:1:0.1-5:1:0.1-5:1:0.1)梯度洗脱(7:1:0.1(9.5L),6:1:0.1(10.8L),5:1:0.1(13L)),浓缩5:1:0.1洗脱液即得6.8g纯度91.7%的momordin Ib。将纯度91.7%的momordin Ib用75%乙醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得4.1g纯度98.1%的momordin Ib。
实施例5:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic等化合物)的光叶子花甲醇提取物干燥样品1000g,粉碎后过20目筛,加入20升0.12Mol/L稀盐酸水溶液加热回流水解9小时,以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上D101大孔树脂(10kg),依次以水、40%乙醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以50%乙醇水溶液洗脱40个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量55%momordin Ib样品46.5g。将46.5g质量含量55%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的硅胶拌样,上硅胶柱(1395g)并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/冰醋酸(12:1:0.1-9:1:0.1)梯度洗脱(12:1:0.1(14L),11:1:0.1(13L),10:1:0.1(11L),9:1:0.1(15L)),浓缩9:1:0.1洗脱液即得8.0g纯度92.4%的momordin Ib。将纯度92.4%的momordin Ib用60%乙醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得4.9g纯度98.4%的momordin Ib。
实施例6:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic等化合物)的光叶子花甲醇提取物干燥样品1000g,粉碎后过20目筛,加入20升0.06Mol/L稀硫酸水溶液加热回流水解9小时,以 稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上HPD-300大孔树脂(10kg),依次以水、40%乙醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以55%乙醇水溶液洗脱35个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量46%momordin Ib样品43.2g。将此质量含量46%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的硅胶拌样,上硅胶(1296g)柱并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/水(7:1:0.1-5:1:0.1)梯度洗脱(7:1:0.1(11L),6:1:0.1(12L),5:1:0.1(15L)),浓缩5:1:0.1洗脱液即得8.4g纯度91.6%的momordin Ib。将纯度91.6%的momordin Ib用95%乙醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得5.5g纯度98.2%的momordin Ib。
实施例7:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic等化合物)的光叶子花甲醇提取物干燥样品1000g,粉碎后过20目筛,加入20升0.6Mol/L磷酸水溶液加热回流水解9小时,以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上医用活性炭(1000g),依次以水、40%乙醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以85%乙醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量42%momordin Ib样品40.5g。将此质量含量42%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的硅胶拌样,上硅胶(1660g)柱并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/冰醋酸(12:1:0.1-9:1:0.1)梯度洗脱(12:1:0.1(13L),11:1:0.1(12L),10:1:0.1(9L),9:1:0.1(16L)),浓缩9:1:0.1洗脱液即得6.8g纯度92.8%的momordin Ib。将纯度92.8%的momordin Ib用85%甲醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得4.3g纯度97.9%的momordin Ib。
实施例8:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic等化合物)的光叶子花甲醇提取物干燥样品1000g,粉碎后过20目筛,加入20升0.15Mol/L三氟乙酸水溶液加热回流水解9小时,以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上ADS-7大孔树脂(10kg),依次以水、38%乙醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以55%乙醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液 并回收乙醇,得到质量含量50%momordin Ib样品48.6g。将此质量含量50%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的硅胶拌样,上硅胶柱(1944g)并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/水(7:1:0.1-5:1:0.1)梯度洗脱(7:1:0.1(12L),6:1:0.1(10L),5:1:0.1(15L)),浓缩5:1:0.1洗脱液即得9.1g纯度93.4%的momordin Ib。将纯度93.4%的momordin Ib用70%乙醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得5.8g纯度98.6%的momordin Ib。
实施例9:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic等化合物)的地肤子70%乙醇水提取物干燥样品1000g,粉碎后过20目筛,加入20升0.10Mol/L稀盐酸水溶液加热回流水解9小时,以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上D101大孔树脂(10kg),依次以水、40%乙醇水溶液洗脱40个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以50%乙醇水溶液洗脱45个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量56%momordin Ib样品105.2g。将此质量含量56%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的硅胶拌样,上硅胶柱(5260g)并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/冰醋酸(12:1:0.1-9:1:0.1)梯度洗脱(10:1:0.1(20L),9:1:0.1(35L)),浓缩9:1:0.1洗脱液即得22.3g纯度92.4%的momordin Ib。将纯度92.4%的momordin Ib用80%乙醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得16.2g纯度98.1%的momordin Ib。
实施例10:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic)的地肤子90%甲醇水提取物干燥样品1000g,粉碎后过20目筛,加入20升0.15Mol/L三氟乙酸水溶液加热回流水解9小时,以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上HPD-300大孔树脂(10kg),依次以水、40%乙醇水溶液洗脱35个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以60%乙醇水溶液洗脱35个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量60%momordin Ib样品95.4g。将此质量含量60%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的硅胶拌样,上硅胶(4770g)柱并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/水(7:1:0.1-5:1:0.1)梯度洗脱 (6:1:0.1(30L),5:1:0.1(36L)),浓缩5:1:0.1洗脱液即得25.8g纯度91.9%的momordin Ib。将纯度91.9%的momordin Ib用90%乙醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得18.5g纯度98.4%的momordin Ib。
实施例11:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic)的木鳖子80%乙醇水提取物干燥样品1000g,粉碎后过20目筛,加入20升0.01Mol/L稀硫酸水溶液加热回流水解9小时,以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上医用活性炭(1000g),依次以水、40%乙醇水溶液洗脱40个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以55%乙醇水溶液洗脱28个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量48%momordin Ib样品12.2g。将此质量含量48%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的硅胶拌样,上硅胶(610g)柱并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/冰醋酸(12:1:0.1-9:1:0.1)梯度洗脱(10:1:0.1(12L),9:1:0.1(14L)),浓缩9:1:0.1洗脱液即得5.1g纯度91.8%的momordin Ib。将纯度91.8%的momordin Ib用色谱纯甲醇重结晶3次,即得2.1g纯度98.1%的momordin Ib。
实施例12:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic)的木鳖子80%乙醇水提取物干燥样品1000g,粉碎后过20目筛,加入20升2.0Mol/L乙酸水溶液加热回流水解9小时,以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上ADS-7大孔树脂(10kg),依次以水、40%乙醇水溶液洗脱35个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以60%乙醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量52%momordin Ib样品5.8g。将质量含量52%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的硅胶拌样,上硅胶柱(340g)并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/水(7:1:0.1-5:1:0.1)梯度洗脱(6:1:0.1(6L),5:1:0.1(8.5L)),浓缩5:1:0.1洗脱液即得2.1g纯度92.4%的momordin Ib。将纯度92.4%的momordin Ib用85%乙醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得1.2g纯度98.1%的momordin Ib。
实施例13:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic等化合物)的木鳖子90%甲醇提取物干燥样品1000g,粉碎后过20目筛,加入20升0.15Mol/L三氟乙酸水溶液加热回流水解9小时,以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上D101大孔树脂(15kg),依次以水、50%甲醇水溶液洗脱20个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中甲醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以88%甲醇水溶液洗脱30个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收甲醇,得到质量含量52%momordin Ib样品51.4g。将此质量含量52%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的硅胶拌样,上硅胶柱(2570g)并以氯仿/甲醇/水(7:1:0.1-5:1:0.1)梯度洗脱(7:1:0.1(20L)6:1:0.1(23L),5:1:0.1(30L)),浓缩5:1:0.1洗脱液即得20.1g纯度92.2%的momordin Ib。将纯度92.2%的momordin Ib用85%乙醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得16.3g纯度98.3%的momordin Ib。
实施例14:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic等化合物)的地肤子75%乙醇水提取物干燥样品1000g,粉碎后过20目筛,加入20升0.10Mol/L稀盐酸水溶液加热回流水解9小时,以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至7.0,然后上D101大孔树脂(12kg),依次以水、65%甲醇水溶液洗脱20个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中甲醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以85%甲醇水溶液洗脱25个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收甲醇,得到质量含量60%momordin Ib样品92.5g。将此质量含量60%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的硅胶拌样,上硅胶柱(4625g)并以二氯甲烷/甲醇/乙酸乙酯(7:1:2-5:1:2)梯度洗脱(7:1:2(24L)6:1:2(24L),5:1:2(36L)),浓缩5:1:2洗脱液即得39.4g纯度91.8%的momordin Ib。将纯度91.8%的momordin Ib用95%甲醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得29.1g纯度98.5%的momordin Ib。
实施例15:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic)的地肤子70%乙醇水提取物干燥样品1000g,粉碎后过20目筛,加入20升0.12Mol/L稀盐酸水溶液加热回流水解9小时,以稀NaOH 碱液调PH值至4.0,然后上HPD-300大孔树脂(10kg),依次以水、40%乙醇水溶液洗脱35个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以60%乙醇水溶液洗脱35个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量58.7%momordin Ib样品93.8g。将此质量含量58.7%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的硅胶拌样,上硅胶(4770g)柱并以正己烷/乙酸乙酯/甲酸(2:0:0.05-1:1:0.2)梯度洗脱,点板并合并浓缩含momordin Ib较纯洗脱液即得31.8g纯度92.1%的momordin Ib。将纯度92.1%的momordin Ib用90%乙醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得17.5g纯度98.6%的momordin Ib。
实施例16:
取富含具备式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物(包括但不限于momordin Ic)的木鳖子90%甲醇水提取物干燥样品1000g,粉碎后过20目筛,加入20升0.2/L稀盐酸水溶液加热回流水解9小时,以稀NaOH碱液调PH值至6.2,然后上D101大孔树脂(10kg),依次以水、40%乙醇水溶液洗脱35个柱体积,回收所得洗脱液中乙醇并弃去该部分杂质,再以60%乙醇水溶液洗脱35个柱体积,合并该部分洗脱液并回收乙醇,得到质量含量62.5%momordin Ib样品80.4g。将此质量含量62.5%momordin Ib样品溶解后用质量比1:1的硅胶拌样,上硅胶(4770g)柱并以正己烷/乙酸乙酯/冰醋酸(3:1:0.05-1:1:0.2)梯度洗脱,点板并合并浓缩含momordin Ib较纯洗脱液即得29.4g纯度92.8%的momordin Ib。将纯度92.8%的momordin Ib用85%乙醇水溶液重结晶3次,即得18.1g纯度98.6%的momordin Ib。
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种momordin Ib的制备方法,包括:
    1)将含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物或含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物提取物与酸混合反应,得到提取液;
    Figure PCTCN2020086541-appb-100001
    其中,R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4独立的选自氢、五碳糖和/或六碳糖互相连接组成的多糖基、五碳糖基或六碳糖基,且R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4不同时为氢;
    2)将步骤1)的提取液用碱调pH至4.0~7.5,然后通过柱层析进行分离,得到含momordin Ib的样品;
    3)将得到的含momordin Ib的样品进行重结晶,得到momordin Ib纯品。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述momordin Ib的制备方法包括:
    1)将含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物或含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物提取物与酸混合反应,得到提取液;
    Figure PCTCN2020086541-appb-100002
    其中,R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4独立的选自氢、五碳糖和/或六碳糖互相连接组成的多糖基、五碳糖基或六碳糖基,且R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4不同时为氢;
    2)将步骤1)的提取液用碱调pH6.5~7.5,然后通过柱层析进行分离,得到含momordin Ib的样品;
    3)将得到的含momordin Ib的样品进行重结晶,得到momordin Ib纯品。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4独立的选自氢、β-D-吡喃木糖基、β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基、甘露糖基、半乳糖基、阿拉伯糖基或两个以上相同或不同的糖连接成的多糖基。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述酸为有机酸和/或无机酸;
    所述无机酸为硫酸、盐酸和磷酸中的一种或几种;
    所述有机酸为甲酸、乙酸和三氟乙酸中的一种或几种;
    优选的,所述酸为酸的水溶液;所述酸的水溶液中酸的浓度为0.01~2.5mol/L。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物为光叶子花、木鳖子和地肤子中的一种或几种;
    所述含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物提取物是通过将含有式(I)结构单元的三萜皂苷衍生物的植物进行水提或醇提得到。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2)的柱层析分离具体为:
    2-1)将用碱调pH至4.0~7.5的提取液通过树脂柱或活性炭柱进行柱 层析,得到momordin Ib质量百分含量为25~60%的样品;
    2-2)将上述momordin Ib质量百分含量为25~60%的样品通过氧化铝柱或硅胶柱进行柱层析,得到含momordin Ib的样品,样品中momordin Ib质量百分含量为60~80%。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2-1)中的洗脱剂为醇溶液,所述醇溶液为乙醇水溶液或甲醇水溶液;
    所述洗脱方式为首先用醇体积含量为0%~40%的醇的水溶液洗脱,然后再用醇体积含量为41%~85%的醇的水溶液洗脱;
    优选的,所述0%~40%的醇的水溶液与所述41%~85%的醇的水溶液的体积比为(0.5~4):1。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2-2)的洗脱剂由组分A、组分B和组分C组成;
    其中,组分A为正己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、氯仿和乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种;
    组分B为甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇和正丁醇中的一种或几种;
    组分C为甲酸、冰醋酸和/或水。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述组分A、组分B和组分C组成的体积比为(4~15):(0~1):0.1。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3)中重结晶用溶剂为乙醇水溶液或甲醇水溶液。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述乙醇水溶液为乙醇体积含量为60~95%乙醇水溶液;
    所述甲醇水溶液为甲醇体积含量为85~99%甲醇水溶液。
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