WO2020216149A1 - 堆芯及组装式堆芯板结构 - Google Patents

堆芯及组装式堆芯板结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020216149A1
WO2020216149A1 PCT/CN2020/085412 CN2020085412W WO2020216149A1 WO 2020216149 A1 WO2020216149 A1 WO 2020216149A1 CN 2020085412 W CN2020085412 W CN 2020085412W WO 2020216149 A1 WO2020216149 A1 WO 2020216149A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sub
plate
guide groove
board
core
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Application number
PCT/CN2020/085412
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
颜景文
刘博�
陈威
薛喆
李伟才
张玉相
Original Assignee
中广核研究院有限公司
广东核电合营有限公司
中国广核集团有限公司
中国广核电力股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中广核研究院有限公司, 广东核电合营有限公司, 中国广核集团有限公司, 中国广核电力股份有限公司 filed Critical 中广核研究院有限公司
Publication of WO2020216149A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020216149A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
    • G21C5/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
    • G21C5/02—Details
    • G21C5/06—Means for locating or supporting fuel elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
    • G21C5/14—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator characterised by shape
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power, and more specifically, to a reactor core and an assembled core plate structure.
  • Fast reactors generally adopt a pool structure, and the fuel assemblies are placed in a pool filled with metal coolant (such as lead-bismuth coolant). Since lead-bismuth coolant produces toxic substances, closed reactors are generally used to ensure safety.
  • metal coolant such as lead-bismuth coolant
  • the traditional reactor core plate is usually a complete flat plate with circular and square circulation channels.
  • the traditional core plate structure cannot be moved or transferred to the outside of the core, which will block the refueling channel of the fuel assembly. Therefore, in the closed reactor, no upper core plate (or lower reactor) is often used. Core plate) to solve the fuel assembly refueling problem.
  • the current core plate structure design has a contradiction between the axial fixing function of the fuel assembly and the function of providing refueling channels.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a core and an assembled core plate structure in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.
  • the assembled core plate structure can provide stable axial restraint for the fuel assembly while, Does not affect the refueling of the fuel assembly.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is to construct an assembled core plate structure, which includes a core plate for capping the fuel assembly in the annular space between the central tube and the outer tube of the core,
  • the core board includes a first sub-board and a second sub-board spliced between the middle tube and the outer tube;
  • the first sub-board and the second sub-board are rotatably arranged around the middle tube between the middle tube and the outer tube, and the second sub-board can be axially along the middle tube When the second sub-plate moves in the axial direction and rotates relative to the first sub-plate, a refueling channel is formed.
  • the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the middle cylinder are respectively provided with an outer guide structure and an inner guide structure, and the outer guide structure and the inner guide structure respectively provide for the first and second sub-boards.
  • the outer ring and the inner ring of the board are supported and guided when the first and second sub-boards rotate.
  • the first sub-board includes a first body and a first outer flange and a first inner flange respectively extending from the outer edge and the inner edge of the first body.
  • the flange and the first inner flange are respectively matched with the outer guide structure and the inner guide structure;
  • the second sub-board includes a second body and a second outer flange and a second inner flange respectively extending from the outer edge and the inner edge of the second body.
  • the second outer flange and the second inner flange respectively The flanges are respectively matched with the outer guide structure and the inner guide structure.
  • the first body includes a first cover plate and a first outer plate and a first inner plate extending axially from the outer edge and the inner edge of the first cover plate;
  • the second main body includes a second cover plate and a second outer plate and a second inner plate extending axially from the outer edge and the inner edge of the second cover plate.
  • the first outer flange is formed by horizontally extending outward from an end of the first outer plate away from the first cover plate, and the first inner flange is formed by the first inner plate away from the first cover plate.
  • One end of the first cover plate extends horizontally inwardly;
  • the second outer flange is formed by horizontally extending outward from an end of the second outer plate away from the second cover plate, and the second inner flange is formed by an end of the second inner plate away from the second cover plate Extend horizontally inward to form.
  • the cross-sections of the first cover plate, the first outer plate, the first inner plate, the second cover plate, the second outer plate, and the second inner plate are fan-shaped, and the second outer plate
  • the outer diameter of the plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the first outer plate
  • the inner diameter of the second inner plate is larger than the outer diameter of the first inner plate
  • the height of the second outer panel is greater than the height of the first outer panel, and the height of the second inner panel is greater than the height of the first inner panel.
  • the present invention also provides a core structure comprising a middle tube, an outer tube, a fuel assembly, and the assembled core plate structure of any one of the above, the outer tube is sleeved outside the middle tube, and The fuel assembly is installed in the annular space between the outer cylinder and the middle cylinder, and the first and second subplates of the assembled core plate structure are rotatably arranged on the middle cylinder around the middle cylinder. Between the middle tube and the outer tube.
  • the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the middle cylinder are respectively provided with an outer guide structure and an inner guide structure, and the outer guide structure and the inner guide structure respectively provide for the first and second sub-boards.
  • the outer ring and the inner ring of the board are supported and guided when the first and second sub-boards rotate.
  • the outer guide structure includes a first outer guide groove and a second outer guide groove extending in the circumferential direction; the first outer guide groove is used for the outer ring of the first sub-board to be installed and arranged.
  • the rotation guide of the first sub-board, and the second outer guide groove is for the outer ring of the second sub-board to be installed and guide the rotation of the second sub-board;
  • the inner guide structure includes a first inner guide groove and a second inner guide groove extending in the circumferential direction; the first inner guide groove is used for the inner ring of the first sub-board to be installed and the first sub-board Rotation guide, the second inner guide groove is used for the inner ring of the second sub-board to be installed and guide the rotation of the second sub-board.
  • the outer guide structure further includes a fourth outer guide groove communicating with the second outer guide groove
  • the inner guide structure further includes a fourth outer guide groove communicating with the second inner guide groove.
  • Inner guide groove; the fourth outer guide groove and the fourth inner guide groove extend in the axial direction for the second sub-board to move in the axial direction.
  • the outer guide structure further includes a third outer guide groove communicating with the fourth outer guide groove, and the third outer guide groove is used for the outer ring of the second sub-board to be installed and The rotation guide of the second sub-board;
  • the inner guide structure further includes a third inner guide groove communicating with the fourth inner guide groove, and the third inner guide groove is used for the inner ring of the second sub-board to be installed and connected to the second sub-board.
  • the rotation guide is used for the inner ring of the second sub-board to be installed and connected to the second sub-board.
  • the second outer guide groove and the third outer guide groove are respectively communicated with axial ends of the fourth outer guide groove, and the second inner guide groove and the third inner guide groove are respectively Communicate with the axial ends of the fourth inner guide groove; the second outer guide groove and the third outer guide groove are spaced side by side in the axial direction, and the second inner guide groove and the third inner guide groove Or, the second outer guide groove and the third outer guide groove are staggered in the circumferential direction, and the second inner guide groove and the third inner guide groove are staggered in the circumferential direction.
  • the first outer guide groove and the first inner guide groove are respectively arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the middle cylinder.
  • the core structure further includes a transmission device, which is arranged above or below the fuel assembly coolant and used to drive the first and second sub-plates. Rotation, and axial movement of the second sub-board.
  • the assembled core plate structure of the present invention can provide stable axial restraint for the fuel assembly without affecting the refueling of the fuel assembly, thereby satisfying both refueling and restraining the fuel assembly. Function.
  • the transmission device by arranging the transmission device above or below the fuel assembly coolant, the problem of structural failure of the transmission device caused by the corrosion of the coolant is avoided.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a core structure in some embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figures 2a-2b are schematic diagrams of the structure of the central tube and the outer tube of the core in some embodiments of the present invention.
  • 3a-3c are schematic diagrams of the movement process of the second sub-board during the refueling process in some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the core structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a middle cylinder 1, an outer cylinder 2, a fuel assembly, and an assembled core plate structure.
  • the outer cylinder 2 is sleeved outside the middle cylinder 1, and the fuel assembly Installed in the annular space between the outer tube 2 and the middle tube 1, the assembled core plate structure is installed on the upper end of the annular space between the outer tube 2 and the middle tube 1 to cover the fuel assembly.
  • the assembled core plate structure is installed above the fuel assembly to form an upper core plate structure to cover the fuel assembly.
  • the assembled core plate structure can also be installed below the fuel assembly, that is, at the lower end of the annular space between the outer cylinder 2 and the middle cylinder 1, forming a lower core plate structure to cover the fuel assembly.
  • the assembled core plate structure of the present invention includes a core plate for capping the fuel assembly in the annular space between the middle cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 2.
  • the core plate includes the core plate spliced on the middle cylinder 1 and the stack The first sub-board 3 and the second sub-board 4 between the core outer cylinder 2.
  • the core board may also be composed of more than two sub-boards, that is, the number of the first sub-board 3 in the core board may be more than one, and the number of the second sub-board 4 may also be more than one.
  • the first sub-board 3 and the second sub-board 4 are rotatably arranged between the middle tube 1 and the outer tube 2 around the middle tube 1, and the second sub-board 4 can also move up and down in the axial direction along the middle tube 1. After the second sub-plate 4 moves upward in the axial direction and rotates relative to the first sub-plate 3, the open channel on the first sub-plate 3 forms a refueling channel for the fuel assembly to be taken out or put in.
  • the assembled core plate structure provided in the present invention can provide stable axial restraint for the fuel assembly without affecting the refueling of the fuel assembly, thereby simultaneously meeting the functions of refueling and restraining the fuel assembly.
  • the first sub-board 3 and the second sub-board 4 can support and support the first sub-board 3 and the second sub-board 4 through the guide structure of the convex and concave matching with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2 and the outer wall of the middle cylinder 1. guide.
  • the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2 and the outer wall of the middle cylinder 1 are respectively provided with an outer guide structure and an inner guide structure.
  • the outer guide structure and the inner guide structure respectively support the outer ring and inner ring of the first sub-board 3 and the second sub-board 4 , And guide when the first sub-board 3 and the second sub-board 4 rotate.
  • the first sub-board 3 may include a first main body 31 and a first outer flange 32 and a first inner flange 33 respectively extending from the outer and inner edges of the first main body 31 ,
  • the first outer flange 32 and the first inner flange 33 respectively cooperate with the outer guide structure and the inner guide structure.
  • the second sub-board 4 may include a second body 41 and a second outer flange 42 and a second inner flange 43 respectively extending from the outer edge and the inner edge of the second body 41, the second outer flange 42, the second The inner flange 43 is matched with the outer guide structure and the inner guide structure respectively.
  • the first body 31 and the second body 32 are spliced and matched with each other to cover the fuel assembly.
  • the first body 31 may include a first cover plate 311 and a first outer plate 312 and a first inner plate 313 extending upward in the axial direction from the outer edge and the inner edge of the first cover plate 311 respectively.
  • the first outer flange 32 may be formed by the upper edge of the first outer plate 312 extending horizontally outward, and the first inner flange 33 may be formed by the upper edge of the first inner plate 313 extending horizontally inward.
  • the second body 41 may include a second cover plate 411 and a second outer plate 412 and a second inner plate 413 extending upward in the axial direction from the outer edge and the inner edge of the second cover plate 411 respectively.
  • the second outer flange 42 may be formed by the upper edge of the second outer plate 412 extending horizontally outward, and the second inner flange 43 may be formed by the upper edge of the second inner plate 413 extending horizontally inward.
  • the first cover plate 311, the first outer plate 312, the first inner plate 313, the first outer flange 32, the first inner flange 33, the second cover plate 411, the second outer plate 412, the second inner plate 413, Both the second outer flange 42 and the second inner flange 43 may have a fan ring in cross section.
  • the central angle of the first cover plate 311 is greater than the central angle of the second cover plate 411; the height of the second outer plate 412 is greater than that of the first outer plate 312, and the height of the second inner plate 413 is greater than that of the first inner plate 313.
  • the central angle of the first cover plate 311 can also be less than or equal to the central angle of the second cover plate 411; the height of the second outer plate 412 can also be less than or equal to the first outer plate 312 and the second inner plate The height of 413 may also be less than or equal to the first inner side plate 313.
  • the outer diameter of the second outer plate 412 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first outer plate 312, and the inner diameter of the second inner plate 413 is larger than the outer diameter of the first inner plate 313, so that the second sub-plate 4 can be installed on the first sub-plate 3 rotates in the upper space.
  • the outer diameter of the first outer plate 312 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer tube 2, and the inner diameter of the first inner plate 313 is larger than the outer diameter of the middle tube 1, so that the first sub-board 3 can rotate between the middle tube 1 and the outer tube 2.
  • the outer diameter of the second outer plate 412 may also be the same as that of the first sub-board 3.
  • the inner diameter of the outer plate 312 is equivalent, and the inner diameter of the second inner plate 413 may be equivalent to the outer diameter of the first inner plate 313.
  • the outer guide structure may include a first outer guide groove 21 and a second outer guide groove 22 extending in the circumferential direction.
  • the first outer guide groove 21 is for installing the outer ring of the first sub-board 3 and guiding the rotation of the first sub-board 3
  • the second outer guide groove 22 is for installing the outer ring of the second sub-board 4 to the second sub-board 4 4 rotation guide.
  • the first outer flange 32 of the first sub-board 3 can be caught in the first outer guide groove 21 and support the first outer flange 32 when rotating.
  • the second outer flange 42 of the second sub-board 4 can be caught in the second outer guide groove 22 and support the second outer flange 42 when rotating.
  • the inner guide structure may include a first inner guide groove 11 and a second inner guide groove 12 extending in the circumferential direction.
  • the first inner guide groove 11 is for the inner ring of the first sub-board 3 to install and guide the rotation of the first sub-board 3
  • the second inner guide groove 12 is for the inner ring of the second sub-board 4 to install and guide the second sub-board 4 The rotation guide.
  • the first inner flange 33 of the first sub-board 3 can be clamped in the first inner guide groove 11 and supports the first inner flange 33 when rotating.
  • the second inner flange 43 of the second sub-board 4 can be caught in the second inner guide groove 12 and support the second inner flange 43 when rotating.
  • the first outer flange 32 of the first sub-board 3 is clamped in the first outer guide groove 21, the first inner flange 33 is clamped in the first inner guide groove 11,
  • the outer ring and inner ring of the sub-board 3 are axially constrained by the first outer guide groove 21 and the first inner guide groove 11 respectively;
  • the second outer flange 42 of the second sub-board 4 is clamped in the second outer guide groove 22,
  • the second inner flange 43 is clamped in the second inner guide groove 12, and the outer ring and inner ring of the first sub-plate 3 are axially constrained by the second outer guide groove 22 and the second inner guide groove 12, respectively, so that the core
  • the plate compresses the fuel assembly under the action of the groove rail and its own gravity, and provides stable axial restraint and good shock resistance for the fuel assembly.
  • the first outer guide groove 21 and the first inner guide groove 11 can be arranged in a full circle along the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2 and the outer wall of the middle cylinder 1, respectively, so that the first sub-board 3 can be arranged along the first outer guide groove 21, the first The inner guide groove 11 rotates in a full circle to facilitate the replacement of fuel assemblies in different positions.
  • the second outer guide groove 22 is higher than the first outer guide groove 21, and the second inner guide groove 12 is higher than the first inner guide groove 11, so that the position of the second outer flange 42 Higher than the first outer flange 32, the second inner flange 43 is higher than the first inner flange 33, so that the second sub-board 4 can rotate into the upper space of the first sub-board 3.
  • the position of the second outer guide groove 22 may also be lower than or equal to the first outer guide groove 21, and the position of the second inner guide groove 12 may also be lower than or equal to the first inner guide groove 11.
  • the outer guide structure may further include a fourth outer guide groove 24 communicating with the second outer guide groove 22, and the inner guide structure may further include a fourth inner guide groove communicating with the second inner guide groove 12 14.
  • the fourth outer guide groove 24 and the fourth inner guide groove 14 extend in the axial direction for the second sub-board 4 to move up and down in the axial direction.
  • the outer guide structure may further include a third outer guide groove 23 communicating with the fourth outer guide groove 24, and the third outer guide groove 23 extends along the circumference. It extends to the outer ring of the second sub-board 4 and guides the rotation of the second sub-board 4.
  • the third outer guide groove 23 and the second outer guide groove 22 can respectively communicate with the upper and lower ends of the fourth outer guide groove 24.
  • the second outer flange 42 of the second sub-board 4 can be clamped in the third outer guide groove 23 and supports the second outer flange 42 when rotating.
  • the inner guide structure may further include a third inner guide groove 13 communicating with the fourth inner guide groove 14.
  • the third inner guide groove 13 extends in the circumferential direction for the inner ring of the second sub-board 4 to be installed and Rotation guide of the two daughter boards 4.
  • the third inner guide groove 13 and the second inner guide groove 12 can respectively communicate with the upper and lower ends of the fourth inner guide groove 14.
  • the second inner flange 43 of the second sub-board 4 can be caught in the third inner guide groove 13 and support the second inner flange 43 when rotating.
  • the position of the third outer guide groove 23 is higher than that of the first outer guide groove 21, and the position of the third inner guide groove 13 is higher than that of the first inner guide groove 11, so that the position of the second outer flange 42 is higher than the first outer protrusion.
  • the position of the edge 32 and the second inner flange 43 is higher than the first inner flange 33, so that the first sub-board 3 and the second sub-board 4 can rotate relatively.
  • the positions of the first outer guide groove 21, the second outer guide groove 22, and the third outer guide groove 23 are successively increased, and the positions of the first inner guide groove 11, the second inner guide groove 12, and the third inner guide groove 13 The position is raised one by one.
  • the second outer guide groove 22 and the third outer guide groove 23 can be spaced side by side in the axial direction, and the second inner guide groove 12 and the third inner guide groove 13 are spaced side by side in the axial direction, allowing the second sub-board 4 to rotate after being lifted To the original angle.
  • the second outer guide groove 22 and the third outer guide groove 23 can also be staggered in the circumferential direction, and the second inner guide groove 12 and the third inner guide groove 13 can also be staggered in the circumferential direction, so that the second sub-board 4 can be lifted. Then rotate to an angle staggered from the original position.
  • first outer guide groove 21, the second outer guide groove 22, the third outer guide groove 23, and the fourth outer guide groove 24 can all be formed by recessing the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2.
  • the second inner guide groove 12, the third inner guide groove 13, and the fourth inner guide groove 14 can all be formed by recessing the outer wall of the middle tube 1 inward.
  • the inner wall of the outer cylinder 2 may protrude inward to form the first outer guide groove 21, the second outer guide groove 22, the third outer guide groove 23, and the fourth inner guide groove 14.
  • the outer wall of the cylinder 1 protrudes outward to form a first inner guide groove 11, a second inner guide groove 12, a third inner guide groove 13, and a fourth inner guide groove 14; of course, there is no need to provide a fourth outer guide groove at this time. 24.
  • the core structure of the present invention may also include a transmission device arranged on the outer cylinder 2 and/or the middle cylinder 1 for driving the rotation of the first sub-board 3 and the second sub-board 4, and the second sub-board 4 axial movement.
  • the transmission device can be suspended on the upper part of the core. By placing the transmission device on the upper part of the coolant, the failure of the transmission device due to the corrosion of the coolant can be avoided.
  • the first sub-plate 3 and the second sub-plate 4 may also be provided with circulation holes to provide circulation channels for the coolant of the fuel assembly.
  • the upper core plate composed of the first sub-plate 3 and the second sub-plate 4 is fixed in the corresponding groove rails on the central tube 1 and the outer tube 2 of the core,
  • the core plate is axially restrained by the groove rail, and the core plate compresses the fuel assembly under the action of the groove rail and its own gravity to provide stable axial restraint for the fuel assembly.
  • first sub-board 3 and the second sub-board 4 simultaneously rotate along the central axis of the core, so that the second sub-board 4 rotates to the fourth outer guide groove 24 and the fourth inner guide groove 14, as shown in Figure 3a .
  • the first sub-board 3 and/or the second sub-board 4 can be driven by the transmission device to realize the simultaneous rotation of the first sub-board 3 and the second sub-board 4.
  • the second sub-board 4 is lifted to a certain height under the action of the fourth outer guide groove 24 and the fourth inner guide groove 14, as shown in FIG. 3b.
  • the lifting of the second sub-board 4 can be driven by a transmission device.
  • the second sub-board 4 is rotated along the core center under the action of the third outer guide groove 23 and the third inner guide groove 13, and the second sub-board 4 is rotated to the upper part of the first sub-board 3 and fixed.
  • the sub-plate 3 and the second sub-plate 4 are relatively rotated and misaligned to form a refueling channel 5.
  • part of the fuel assembly corresponding to the refueling channel 5 in the core can be refueled, as shown in Fig. 3c.
  • the rotation of the second sub-board 4 can be driven by a transmission device.
  • first sub-plate 3 and the second sub-plate 4 are rotated along the central axis of the core, and the refueling channel 5 is rotated to different positions to provide refueling space for fuel assemblies in other areas of the core.
  • the rotation of the first sub-board 3 and the second sub-board 4 can be respectively driven by a transmission device.
  • the transmission device is suspended on the upper part of the core, which avoids the structural failure of the transmission device caused by the corrosion of the coolant.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种堆芯及组装式堆芯板结构，组装式堆芯板结构包括用于对堆芯中部筒（1）和外筒（2）之间的环形空间内的燃料组件封盖的堆芯板，堆芯板包括拼接在中部筒（1）和外筒（2）之间的第一子板（3）和第二子板（4）；第一子板（3）和第二子板（4）绕中部筒（1）可转动地设置于中部筒（1）和外筒（2）之间，第二子板（4）可沿中部筒（1）在轴向方向上移动，在第二子板（4）在轴向方向上移动并与第一子板（3）产生相对转动后，形成换料通道（5）。组装式堆芯板结构在为燃料组件提供稳定的轴向约束的同时，不影响燃料组件的换料，同时实现换料和约束燃料组件的功能。

Description

堆芯及组装式堆芯板结构 技术领域
本发明涉及核电技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种堆芯及组装式堆芯板结构。
 背景技术
快堆一般采用池式结构，燃料组件放在充满金属冷却剂（如铅铋冷却剂）的池中。由于铅铋冷却剂产生有毒物质，为保障安全一般采用封闭式反应堆。
传统的反应堆堆芯板通常为一块完整的平板，其上开有圆形及方形的流通通道。在封闭式反应堆的有限空间中，传统的堆芯板结构无法移动或者转移至堆芯外部，进而会阻挡燃料组件的换料通道，因此在封闭式反应堆中常采用无上堆芯板（或下堆芯板）来解决燃料组件的换料问题。
但是对于无上堆芯板（或下堆芯板）的堆芯设计，其燃料组件在遇到地震等工况下，仅靠燃料组件自身的自重是无法保持自立的，需要其他特殊设计来解决燃料组件抗震问题。
因此目前的堆芯板结构设计存在燃料组件轴向固定功能与提供换料通道功能之间的矛盾。
 技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术的上述缺陷，提供一种堆芯及组装式堆芯板结构，该组装式堆芯板结构可以为燃料组件提供稳定的轴向约束的同时，不影响燃料组件的换料。
 技术解决方案
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：构造一种组装式堆芯板结构，包括用于对堆芯中部筒和外筒之间的环形空间内的燃料组件封盖的堆芯板，所述堆芯板包括拼接在所述中部筒和外筒之间的第一子板和第二子板；
所述第一子板和所述第二子板绕所述中部筒可转动地设置于所述中部筒和所述外筒之间，所述第二子板可沿所述中部筒在轴向方向上移动，在所述第二子板在轴向方向上移动并与所述第一子板产生相对转动后，形成换料通道。
在一些实施例中，所述外筒的内壁、中部筒的外壁上分别设有外导向结构、内导向结构，所述外导向结构、内导向结构分别对所述第一子板和第二子板的外圈、内圈支撑，并在所述第一子板和第二子板转动时导向。
在一些实施例中，所述第一子板包括第一主体和在所述第一主体的外缘、内缘分别延伸出的第一外凸缘、第一内凸缘，所述第一外凸缘、第一内凸缘分别与所述外导向结构、内导向结构配合；
所述第二子板包括第二主体和在所述第二主体的外缘、内缘分别延伸出的第二外凸缘、第二内凸缘，所述第二外凸缘、第二内凸缘分别与所述外导向结构、内导向结构配合。
在一些实施例中，所述第一主体包括第一盖板和在所述第一盖板的外缘、内缘分别沿轴向延伸出的第一外侧板、第一内侧板；
所述第二主体包括第二盖板和在所述第二盖板的外缘、内缘分别沿轴向延伸出的第二外侧板、第二内侧板。
在一些实施例中，所述第一外凸缘由所述第一外侧板远离所述第一盖板的一端水平向外延伸形成，所述第一内凸缘由所述第一内侧板远离所述第一盖板的一端水平向内延伸形成；
所述第二外凸缘由所述第二外侧板远离所述第二盖板的一端水平向外延伸形成，所述第二内凸缘由所述第二内侧板远离所述第二盖板的一端水平向内延伸形成。
在一些实施例中，所述第一盖板、第一外侧板、第一内侧板、第二盖板、第二外侧板、第二内侧板的横截面均呈扇环形，所述第二外侧板的外径小于所述第一外侧板的内径，所述第二内侧板的内径大于所述第一内侧板的外径。
在一些实施例中，所述第二外侧板的高度大于所述第一外侧板的高度，所述第二内侧板的高度大于第一内侧板的高度。
本发明还提供一种堆芯结构，包括中部筒、外筒、燃料组件、以及上述任一项所述的组装式堆芯板结构，所述外筒套设在所述中部筒外，所述燃料组件安装在所述外筒和所述中部筒之间的环形空间内，所述组装式堆芯板结构的第一子板、第二子板绕所述中部筒可转动地设置于所述中部筒和所述外筒之间。
在一些实施例中，所述外筒的内壁、中部筒的外壁上分别设有外导向结构、内导向结构，所述外导向结构、内导向结构分别对所述第一子板和第二子板的外圈、内圈支撑，并在所述第一子板和第二子板转动时导向。
在一些实施例中，所述外导向结构包括沿周向延伸的第一外导槽、第二外导槽；所述第一外导槽供所述第一子板的外圈安装并对所述第一子板的转动导向，所述第二外导槽供所述第二子板的外圈安装并对所述第二子板的转动导向；
所述内导向结构包括沿周向延伸的第一内导槽、第二内导槽；所述第一内导槽供所述第一子板的内圈安装并对所述第一子板的转动导向，所述第二内导槽供所述第二子板的内圈安装并对所述第二子板的转动导向。
在一些实施例中，所述外导向结构还包括与所述第二外导槽相连通的第四外导槽，所述内导向结构还包括与所述第二内导槽相连通的第四内导槽；所述第四外导槽、第四内导槽沿轴向延伸，供所述第二子板沿轴向移动。
在一些实施例中，所述外导向结构还包括与所述第四外导槽相连通的第三外导槽，所述第三外导槽供所述第二子板的外圈安装并对所述第二子板的转动导向；
所述内导向结构还包括与所述第四内导槽相连通的第三内导槽，所述第三内导槽供所述第二子板的内圈安装并对所述第二子板的转动导向。
在一些实施例中，所述第二外导槽、第三外导槽分别与所述第四外导槽的轴向两端相连通，所述第二内导槽、第三内导槽分别与所述第四内导槽的轴向两端相连通；所述第二外导槽、第三外导槽在轴向并排间隔，所述第二内导槽、第三内导槽在轴向并排间隔；或者，所述第二外导槽、第三外导槽在周向错开，所述第二内导槽、第三内导槽在周向错开。
在一些实施例中，所述第一外导槽、第一内导槽分别沿所述外筒的内壁、中部筒的外壁周向整圈设置。
在一些实施例中，所述堆芯结构还包括传动装置，所述传动装置设置在所述燃料组件冷却剂的上方或下方，用于驱动所述第一子板和所述第二子板的转动、以及所述第二子板的轴向移动。
 有益效果
实施本发明至少具有以下有益效果：本发明中的组装式堆芯板结构，可以为燃料组件提供稳定的轴向约束的同时，不影响燃料组件的换料，从而同时满足换料和约束燃料组件的功能。此外，本发明中通过将传动装置设置在燃料组件冷却剂的上方或下方，避免了传动装置受冷却剂腐蚀带来的结构失效问题。
 附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图1是本发明一些实施例中堆芯结构的结构示意图；
图2a-2b是本发明一些实施例中堆芯中部筒和外筒的结构示意图；
图3a-3c是本发明一些实施例中换料过程中第二子板的运动过程示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图详细说明本发明的具体实施方式。
如图1所示，本发明一个优选实施例中的堆芯结构包括中部筒1、外筒2、燃料组件、以及组装式堆芯板结构，外筒2套设在中部筒1外，燃料组件安装在外筒2和中部筒1之间的环形空间内，组装式堆芯板结构安装在外筒2和中部筒1之间的环形空间上端，对燃料组件封盖。在本发明提供的实施例中，组装式堆芯板结构安装在燃料组件的上方，形成上堆芯板结构对燃料组件封盖。在其他实施例中，组装式堆芯板结构也可以安装在燃料组件的下方，即安装在外筒2和中部筒1之间的环形空间下端，形成下堆芯板结构对燃料组件封盖。
本发明中的组装式堆芯板结构包括用于对中部筒1和外筒2之间的环形空间内的燃料组件封盖的堆芯板，堆芯板包括拼接在堆芯中部筒1和堆芯外筒2之间的第一子板3和第二子板4。需要说明的是，本发明提供的实施例中仅以两块子板（一块第一子板3和一块第二子板4）组成的上堆芯板结构为例进行说明。在其他实施例中，堆芯板也可由两块以上的子板组成，即堆芯板中的第一子板3的数量可多于一块，第二子板4数量也可多于一块。
第一子板3和第二子板4绕中部筒1可转动地设置于中部筒1和外筒2之间，第二子板4还可沿中部筒1在轴向方向上上下移动，在第二子板4在轴向方向上向上移动并与第一子板3产生相对转动后，第一子板3上的开口通道形成可供燃料组件取出或放入的换料通道。
在初始的换料通道下的燃料组件更换后，再转动第一子板3、第二子板4，使第一子板3、第二子板4错开后形成的换料通道转动到与不同位置的燃料组件相对，便于更换不同位置的燃料组件。
本发明中提供的组装式堆芯板结构可以在为燃料组件提供稳定的轴向约束的同时，不影响燃料组件的换料，从而同时满足换料和约束燃料组件的功能。
第一子板3和第二子板4与外筒2的内壁、中部筒1的外壁之间可通过相互凸凹配合的导向结构，实现对第一子板3和第二子板4的支撑和导向。外筒2的内壁、中部筒1的外壁上分别设有外导向结构、内导向结构，外导向结构、内导向结构分别对第一子板3和第二子板4的外圈、内圈支撑，并在第一子板3和第二子板4转动时导向。
结合图1、3a-3c所示，第一子板3可包括第一主体31和在第一主体31的外缘、内缘分别延伸出的第一外凸缘32、第一内凸缘33，第一外凸缘32、第一内凸缘33分别与外导向结构、内导向结构配合。第二子板4可包括第二主体41和在第二主体41的外缘、内缘分别延伸出的第二外凸缘42、第二内凸缘43，第二外凸缘42、第二内凸缘43分别与外导向结构、内导向结构配合。第一主体31和第二主体32相互拼接配合，对燃料组件封盖。
进一步地，第一主体31可包括第一盖板311和在第一盖板311的外缘、内缘分别沿轴向向上延伸出的第一外侧板312、第一内侧板313。第一外凸缘32可由第一外侧板312的上缘水平向外延伸形成，第一内凸缘33可由第一内侧板313的上缘水平向内延伸形成。第二主体41可包括第二盖板411和在第二盖板411的外缘、内缘分别沿轴向向上延伸出的第二外侧板412、第二内侧板413。第二外凸缘42可由第二外侧板412的上缘水平向外延伸形成，第二内凸缘43可由第二内侧板413的上缘水平向内延伸形成。
第一盖板311、第一外侧板312、第一内侧板313、第一外凸缘32、第一内凸缘33、第二盖板411、第二外侧板412、第二内侧板413、第二外凸缘42、第二内凸缘43的横截面均可呈扇环形。在一些实施例中，第一盖板311的圆心角大于第二盖板411的圆心角；第二外侧板412的高度大于第一外侧板312，第二内侧板413的高度大于第一内侧板313。在其他实施例中，第一盖板311的圆心角也可小于或等于第二盖板411的圆心角；第二外侧板412的高度也可小于或等于第一外侧板312，第二内侧板413的高度也可小于或等于第一内侧板313。
进一步地，第二外侧板412的外径小于第一外侧板312的内径，第二内侧板413的内径大于第一内侧板313的外径，以使第二子板4可在第一子板3的上部空间内旋转。第一外侧板312的外径小于外筒2的内径，第一内侧板313的内径大于中部筒1的外径，以使第一子板3可在中部筒1和外筒2之间旋转。在其他实施例中，在第二子板4沿轴向向上移动后，若第二子板4的底部高于第一子板3的顶部，第二外侧板412的外径也可与第一外侧板312的内径相当，第二内侧板413的内径也可与第一内侧板313的外径相当。
结合图1、2a、2b所示，外导向结构可包括沿周向延伸的第一外导槽21、第二外导槽22。第一外导槽21供第一子板3的外圈安装并对第一子板3的转动导向，第二外导槽22供第二子板4的外圈安装并对4第二子板4的转动导向。第一子板3的第一外凸缘32可卡在第一外导槽21内，并在转动时对第一外凸缘32支撑。第二子板4的第二外凸缘42可卡在第二外导槽22内，并在转动时对第二外凸缘42支撑。
相应地，内导向结构可包括沿周向延伸的第一内导槽11、第二内导槽12。第一内导槽11供第一子板3的内圈安装并对第一子板3的转动导向，第二内导槽12供第二子板4的内圈安装并对第二子板4的转动导向。第一子板3的第一内凸缘33可卡在第一内导槽11内，并在转动时对第一内凸缘33支撑。第二子板4的第二内凸缘43可卡在第二内导槽12内，并在转动时对第二内凸缘43支撑。
该堆芯结构在正常运行情况下，第一子板3的第一外凸缘32卡在第一外导槽21内，第一内凸缘33卡在第一内导槽11内，第一子板3的外圈、内圈分别被第一外导槽21、第一内导槽11轴向约束；第二子板4的第二外凸缘42卡在第二外导槽22内，第二内凸缘43卡在第二内导槽12内，第一子板3的外圈、内圈分别被第二外导槽22、第二内导槽12轴向约束，从而使堆芯板在槽轨和自身重力的作用下压紧燃料组件，为燃料组件提供稳定的轴向约束和较好的抗震作用。
第一外导槽21、第一内导槽11可分别沿外筒2的内壁、中部筒1的外壁周向整圈设置，可以让第一子板3沿第一外导槽21、第一内导槽11整圈转动，便于更换不同位置的燃料组件。
在一些实施例中，第二外导槽22的位置高于第一外导槽21，第二内导槽12的位置高于第一内导槽11，以使第二外凸缘42的位置高于第一外凸缘32，第二内凸缘43的位置高于第一内凸缘33，使第二子板4能转动到第一子板3的上部空间内。在其他实施例中，第二外导槽22的位置也可以低于或等于第一外导槽21，第二内导槽12的位置也可以低于或等于第一内导槽11。
在一些实施例中，外导向结构还可包括与第二外导槽22相连通的第四外导槽24，内导向结构还可包括与第二内导槽12相连通的第四内导槽14，第四外导槽24、第四内导槽14沿轴向延伸，供第二子板4沿轴向上下移动。
进一步地，为实现第二子板4沿轴向移动后的旋转定位，外导向结构还可包括与第四外导槽24相连通的第三外导槽23，第三外导槽23沿周向延伸，供第二子板4的外圈安装并对第二子板4的转动导向。第三外导槽23、第二外导槽22可分别与第四外导槽24的上、下端相连通。第二子板4的第二外凸缘42可卡在第三外导槽23内，并在转动时对第二外凸缘42支撑。
相应地，内导向结构还可包括与第四内导槽14相连通的第三内导槽13，第三内导槽13沿周向延伸，供第二子板4的内圈安装并对第二子板4的转动导向。第三内导槽13、第二内导槽12可分别与第四内导槽14的上、下端相连通。第二子板4的第二内凸缘43可卡在第三内导槽13内，并在转动时对第二内凸缘43支撑。
第三外导槽23的位置高于第一外导槽21，第三内导槽13的位置高于第一内导槽11，以使第二外凸缘42的位置高于第一外凸缘32，第二内凸缘43的位置高于第一内凸缘33，使第一子板3、第二子板4能产生相对转动。进一步地，第一外导槽21、第二外导槽22、第三外导槽23的位置依次升高，第一内导槽11、第二内导槽12、第三内导槽13的位置依次升高。
第二外导槽22、第三外导槽23可在轴向并排间隔，第二内导槽12、第三内导槽13在轴向并排间隔，让第二子板4在提升后再转动到原来的角度。当然，第二外导槽22、第三外导槽23也可在周向错开，第二内导槽12、第三内导槽13也可在周向错开，让第二子板4在提升后转动到与原来位置错开的角度。
在一些实施例中，第一外导槽21、第二外导槽22、第三外导槽23、第四外导槽24均可由外筒2的内壁向外凹陷形成，第一内导槽11、第二内导槽12、第三内导槽13、第四内导槽14均可由中部筒1的外壁向内凹陷形成。
在其他实施例中，也可以是由外筒2的内壁向内凸出形成第一外导槽21、第二外导槽22、第三外导槽23、第四内导槽14，由中部筒1的外壁向外凸出形成第一内导槽11、第二内导槽12、第三内导槽13、第四内导槽14；当然，此时也可以无需设置第四外导槽24、第四内导槽14。
在另一些实施例中，第二子板4在提升后，也可以不再转动，依靠其他的支撑结构对第二子板4进行支撑定位，以开展换料，从而可无需设置第三外导槽23、第三内导槽13。
进一步地，本发明中的堆芯结构还可包括设置在外筒2和/或中部筒1上的传动装置，用于驱动第一子板3和第二子板4的转动、以及第二子板4的轴向移动。传动装置可悬置于堆芯的上部，通过将传动装置设置在冷却剂上部，可避免因冷却剂的腐蚀导致传动装置的失效。此外，第一子板3和第二子板4上还可设有流通孔，为燃料组件的冷却剂提供流通通道。
本发明中的堆芯结构，在正常运行情况下，由第一子板3和第二子板4组成的上堆芯板固定在堆芯中部筒1和外筒2上相应的槽轨内，堆芯板被槽轨轴向约束，堆芯板在槽轨和自身重力的作用下压紧燃料组件，为燃料组件提供稳定的轴向约束。
当燃料组件展开换料时，通过第一子板3、第二子板4的运动为换料提供操作空间。具体操作步骤为：
首先，第一子板3、第二子板4同时沿着堆芯中心轴旋转，使得第二子板4旋转到第四外导槽24、第四内导槽14区域，如图3a所示。此时，可由传动装置驱动第一子板3和/或第二子板4，实现第一子板3、第二子板4的同时旋转。
然后，第二子板4在第四外导槽24、第四内导槽14的作用下提升到一定高度，如图3b所示。第二子板4的提升可由传动装置驱动实现。
之后，第二子板4在第三外导槽23、第三内导槽13的作用下沿堆芯中心旋转，将第二子板4旋转至第一子板3的上部并固定，第一子板3、第二子板4相对旋转错位形成换料通道5，此后，堆芯中对应该换料通道5的部分燃料组件可以开展换料，如图3c所示。第二子板4的旋转可由传动装置驱动实现。
最后，将第一子板3、第二子板4沿着堆芯中心轴旋转，将换料通道5旋转至不同的位置，为堆芯其他区域的燃料组件提供换料空间。第一子板3、第二子板4的旋转可由传动装置分别驱动实现。
本发明中的组装式堆芯板结构具有以下有益效果：
解决了封闭式换料反应堆中，带有传统堆芯板情况下无法正常换料问题；
解决了常规封闭式换料反应堆堆芯内无上堆芯板（或下堆芯板）情况下燃料组件轴向约束设计复杂问题；
传动装置悬置于堆芯上部，避免了传动装置受冷却剂腐蚀带来的结构失效问题。
可以理解地，上述各技术特征可以任意组合使用而不受限制。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种组装式堆芯板结构，其特征在于，包括用于对堆芯中部筒（1）和外筒（2）之间的环形空间内的燃料组件封盖的堆芯板，所述堆芯板包括拼接在所述中部筒（1）和外筒（2）之间的第一子板（3）和第二子板（4）；
    所述第一子板（3）和所述第二子板（4）绕所述中部筒（1）可转动地设置于所述中部筒（1）和所述外筒（2）之间，所述第二子板（4）可沿所述中部筒（1）在轴向方向上移动，在所述第二子板（4）在轴向方向上移动并与所述第一子板（3）产生相对转动后，形成换料通道（5）。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的组装式堆芯板结构，其特征在于，所述外筒（2）的内壁、中部筒（1）的外壁上分别设有外导向结构、内导向结构，所述外导向结构、内导向结构分别对所述第一子板（3）和第二子板（4）的外圈、内圈支撑，并在所述第一子板（3）和第二子板（4）转动时导向。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的组装式堆芯板结构，其特征在于，所述第一子板（3）包括第一主体（31）和在所述第一主体（31）的外缘、内缘分别延伸出的第一外凸缘（32）、第一内凸缘（33），所述第一外凸缘（32）、第一内凸缘（33）分别与所述外导向结构、内导向结构配合；
    所述第二子板（4）包括第二主体（41）和在所述第二主体（41）的外缘、内缘分别延伸出的第二外凸缘（42）、第二内凸缘（43），所述第二外凸缘（42）、第二内凸缘（43）分别与所述外导向结构、内导向结构配合。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的组装式堆芯板结构，其特征在于，所述第一主体（31）包括第一盖板（311）和在所述第一盖板（311）的外缘、内缘分别沿轴向延伸出的第一外侧板（312）、第一内侧板（313）；
    所述第二主体（41）包括第二盖板（411）和在所述第二盖板（411）的外缘、内缘分别沿轴向延伸出的第二外侧板（412）、第二内侧板（413）。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的组装式堆芯板结构，其特征在于，所述第一外凸缘（32）由所述第一外侧板（312）远离所述第一盖板（311）的一端水平向外延伸形成，所述第一内凸缘（33）由所述第一内侧板（313）远离所述第一盖板（311）的一端水平向内延伸形成；
    所述第二外凸缘（42）由所述第二外侧板（412）远离所述第二盖板（411）的一端水平向外延伸形成，所述第二内凸缘（43）由所述第二内侧板（413）远离所述第二盖板（411）的一端水平向内延伸形成。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的组装式堆芯板结构，其特征在于，所述第一盖板（311）、第一外侧板（312）、第一内侧板（313）、第二盖板（411）、第二外侧板（412）、第二内侧板（413）的横截面均呈扇环形，所述第二外侧板（412）的外径小于所述第一外侧板（312）的内径，所述第二内侧板（413）的内径大于所述第一内侧板（313）的外径。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的组装式堆芯板结构，其特征在于，所述第二外侧板（412）的高度大于所述第一外侧板（312）的高度，所述第二内侧板（413）的高度大于第一内侧板（313）的高度。
  8. 一种堆芯结构，其特征在于，包括中部筒（1）、外筒（2）、燃料组件、以及权利要求1至7任一项所述的组装式堆芯板结构，所述外筒（2）套设在所述中部筒（1）外，所述燃料组件安装在所述外筒（2）和所述中部筒（1）之间的环形空间内，所述组装式堆芯板结构的第一子板（3）、第二子板（4）绕所述中部筒（1）可转动地设置于所述中部筒（1）和所述外筒（2）之间。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的堆芯结构，其特征在于，所述外筒（2）的内壁、中部筒（1）的外壁上分别设有外导向结构、内导向结构，所述外导向结构、内导向结构分别对所述第一子板（3）和第二子板（4）的外圈、内圈支撑，并在所述第一子板（3）和第二子板（4）转动时导向。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的堆芯结构，其特征在于，所述外导向结构包括沿周向延伸的第一外导槽（21）、第二外导槽（22）；所述第一外导槽（21）供所述第一子板（3）的外圈安装并对所述第一子板（3）的转动导向，所述第二外导槽（22）供所述第二子板（4）的外圈安装并对所述第二子板（4）的转动导向；
    所述内导向结构包括沿周向延伸的第一内导槽（11）、第二内导槽（12）；所述第一内导槽（11）供所述第一子板（3）的内圈安装并对所述第一子板（3）的转动导向，所述第二内导槽（12）供所述第二子板（4）的内圈安装并对所述第二子板（4）的转动导向。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的堆芯结构，其特征在于，所述外导向结构还包括与所述第二外导槽（22）相连通的第四外导槽（24），所述内导向结构还包括与所述第二内导槽（12）相连通的第四内导槽（14）；所述第四外导槽（24）、第四内导槽（14）沿轴向延伸，供所述第二子板（4）沿轴向移动。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的堆芯结构，其特征在于，所述外导向结构还包括与所述第四外导槽（24）相连通的第三外导槽（23），所述第三外导槽（23）供所述第二子板（4）的外圈安装并对所述第二子板（4）的转动导向；
    所述内导向结构还包括与所述第四内导槽（14）相连通的第三内导槽（13），所述第三内导槽（13）供所述第二子板（4）的内圈安装并对所述第二子板（4）的转动导向。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的堆芯结构，其特征在于，所述第二外导槽（22）、第三外导槽（23）分别与所述第四外导槽（24）的轴向两端相连通，所述第二内导槽（12）、第三内导槽（13）分别与所述第四内导槽（14）的轴向两端相连通；所述第二外导槽（22）、第三外导槽（23）在轴向并排间隔，所述第二内导槽（12）、第三内导槽（13）在轴向并排间隔；或者，所述第二外导槽（22）、第三外导槽（23）在周向错开，所述第二内导槽（12）、第三内导槽（13）在周向错开。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的堆芯结构，其特征在于，所述第一外导槽（21）、第一内导槽（11）分别沿所述外筒（2）的内壁、中部筒（1）的外壁周向整圈设置。
  15. 根据权利要求8所述的堆芯结构，其特征在于，所述堆芯结构还包括传动装置，所述传动装置设置在所述燃料组件冷却剂的上方或下方，用于驱动所述第一子板（3）和所述第二子板（4）的转动、以及所述第二子板（4）的轴向移动。
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