WO2020199310A1 - 一种量子点及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种量子点及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2020199310A1
WO2020199310A1 PCT/CN2019/086729 CN2019086729W WO2020199310A1 WO 2020199310 A1 WO2020199310 A1 WO 2020199310A1 CN 2019086729 W CN2019086729 W CN 2019086729W WO 2020199310 A1 WO2020199310 A1 WO 2020199310A1
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陈旭
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武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司
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    • B82Y20/00Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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    • C09K11/665Halogenides with alkali or alkaline earth metals

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  • the invention relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a quantum dot and a preparation method thereof.
  • Quantum dots are widely used due to their good thermal stability, high quantum efficiency and high color gamut. Quantum dot materials have a quantum size effect. By changing the size and morphology of the particles, the fluorescence spectrum of the system can be adjusted, and finally all the visible light region can be adjusted, and even the ultraviolet and near-infrared regions can be covered.
  • perovskite quantum dots due to their excellent electrical properties such as fast electron migration, large exciton binding energy, long diffusion distance, and very high optical properties such as fluorescence quantum efficiency, they are widely used in solar cells and lasers. , Light-emitting diodes (LED), flat panel displays and other fields.
  • LED Light-emitting diodes
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a quantum dot and a preparation method thereof, which can expand the application range of perovskite quantum dots and avoid environmental pollution.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing quantum dots, which includes:
  • the lead halide solution includes a lead halide and a preset solvent
  • the tin halide solution, the coordination solvent, and the non-polar organic solution are mixed to obtain a second solution;
  • the tin halide solution includes tin halide and the predetermined solvent; wherein the halogen contained in the lead halide
  • the ions are the same as the halide ions contained in the tin halide;
  • reaction liquid Mixing and reacting the first solution and the cesium oleate solution to obtain a reaction liquid
  • the target quantum dots include but are not limited to CsPb a Sn 1-a X 3 , CsPb a Sn 2-a X 5 and Cs 4 Pb a Sn 1-a X 6 , where a is greater than or equal to 0.7.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing quantum dots, which includes:
  • the lead halide solution includes a lead halide and a preset solvent
  • the tin halide solution includes a tin halide and the preset solvent
  • reaction liquid Mixing and reacting the first solution and the cesium oleate solution to obtain a reaction liquid
  • the present invention also provides a quantum dot including but not limited to CsPb a Sn 1-a X 3 , CsPb a Sn 2-a X 5 and Cs 4 Pb a Sn 1-a X 6 , wherein a is greater than or equal to 0.7.
  • the first solution is obtained by mixing the lead halide solution, the coordination solvent and the non-polar organic solution; the tin halide solution, the coordination solvent and the non-polar organic solution are mixed Mixing to obtain a second solution; mixing cesium carbonate, oleic acid and octadecene solutions to obtain a cesium oleate solution; mixing and reacting the first solution and cesium oleate solution to obtain a reaction solution; The liquid is centrifuged to obtain intermediate quantum dots; the intermediate quantum dots are dispersed in the non-polar organic solvent, and a second solution is added to make it react to obtain the target quantum dots, thereby avoiding the introduction of Pb during the preparation process. , Cd and other heavy metals, thereby expanding the application range of perovskite quantum dots and avoiding environmental pollution.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method for preparing quantum dots of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing quantum dots, which includes the following steps:
  • PbX 2 solution, oleic acid, oleylamine, and non-polar organic solution are mixed and heated until all the solids are dissolved to obtain a PbX 2 oleylamine oleic acid coordination solution, which is the first solution PbX 2 oleylamine oleic acid coordination solution.
  • the lead halide solution includes lead halide (PbX 2 ) and a preset solvent, and the preset solvent includes but is not limited to n-hexane, toluene, and chloroform.
  • X includes at least one of Cl, Br, and I.
  • the non-polar organic solvent includes at least one of dodecane and octadecene.
  • the coordination solvent includes but not limited to oleylamine solution and oleic acid solution.
  • the SnX 2 solution, oleic acid, oleylamine, and non-polar organic solution are mixed and heated until all the solids are dissolved to obtain the SnX 2 oleylamine oleic acid coordination solution, and the second solution is PbX 2 oleylamine oleic acid Coordination solution.
  • the lead halide solution includes tin halide (SnX 2 ) and a preset solvent including but not limited to n-hexane, toluene, and chloroform.
  • the halide ion contained in the lead halide is the same as the halide ion contained in the tin halide.
  • the halide ion contained in the lead halide includes at least one of Cl, Br, and I.
  • the step of mixing cesium carbonate, oleic acid and octadecene solution to obtain a cesium oleate solution includes:
  • S1031 Mix cesium carbonate, oleic acid and octadecene solution, and heat in a vacuum environment to completely dissolve cesium carbonate to obtain a cesium oleate solution.
  • Cs 2 CO 3 , oleic acid, and octadecene solution are mixed, and heated to a certain temperature in a vacuum environment to dissolve all cesium carbonate to obtain a cesium oleate solution.
  • reaction liquid For example, mixing the oleylamine oleic acid coordination solution of PbX 2 and the cesium oleate solution in step 101 to cause a chemical reaction to obtain a reaction liquid.
  • the step of mixing and reacting the first solution and the cesium oleate solution to obtain the reaction solution includes:
  • the first solution is heated to a preset temperature in advance, and then the cesium oleate solution is added to react the two to obtain the reaction liquid.
  • the reaction solution obtained in step S104 is centrifuged to obtain intermediate quantum dots.
  • the intermediate quantum dots include CsPbX 3 .
  • the reaction solution may be cooled to room temperature, and then the reaction solution may be centrifuged.
  • S106 Disperse the intermediate quantum dots in a non-polar organic solvent, and add a second solution to react to obtain target quantum dots.
  • the intermediate quantum dots obtained in step S105 are dispersed in a non-polar organic solvent to obtain an intermediate quantum dot solution, and then the second solution in step S102 is added to react to obtain the target quantum dot.
  • the target quantum dots may be perovskite quantum dots, and the target quantum dots include but are not limited to CsPb a Sn 1-a X 3 , CsPb a Sn 2-a X 5 and Cs 4 Pb a Sn 1-a X 6 , where a is greater than or equal to 0.7.
  • the method for preparing quantum dots of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • 0.2mmol of PbX 2 solution is mixed with 0.5ml of oleic acid, 0.5ml of oleylamine, 3ml of non-polar organic solution and heated until all the solids are dissolved to obtain the oleylamine of PbX 2 Oleic acid coordination solution.
  • the PbX 2 concentration corresponding to different halogen elements is different.
  • 0.2mmol of SnX 2 solution is mixed with 0.5ml of oleic acid, 0.5ml of oleylamine, 3ml of non-polar organic solution and heated until all the solids are dissolved to obtain SnX 2 oleylamine Oleic acid coordination solution.
  • concentration of SnX 2 corresponding to different halogen elements is different.
  • the weight of cesium oleate is not limited to 0.65g, and the heating temperature is not limited to 120°C-150°C.
  • the side length of the intermediate quantum dots is about 10 nm.
  • the intermediate quantum dot CsPbCl 3 is re-dispersed in a non-polar organic solvent to obtain a CsPbCl 3 solution.
  • a CsPbCl 3 solution Under normal temperature and pressure, add dropwise the pre-configured oleylamine oleic acid coordination solution of SnCl 2 to the CsPbCl 3 solution to obtain CsPb a Sn 1-a Cl 3 quantum dots in different proportions.
  • the value of a decreases as the amount of SnC1 2 added increases, but the value of a is greater than or equal to 0.7.
  • Quantum dots that is, CsPbaSn 1-a Cl 3 , CsPbaSn 1-a Br 3 , and CsPbaSn 1-a I 3 are obtained respectively .
  • the morphology, size, and performance of the quantum dots after ion exchange do not change.
  • the present invention also provides a quantum dot including but not limited to CsPb a Sn 1-a X 3 , CsPb a Sn 2-a X 5 and Cs 4 Pb a Sn 1-a X 6 , wherein a is greater than or equal to 0.7.
  • perovskite quantum dots Since heavy metals such as Pb and Cd are not introduced in the preparation process of the above method, the application of perovskite quantum dots is not limited, thereby expanding the application range of perovskite quantum dots, and also avoiding environmental pollution.
  • the first solution is obtained by mixing the lead halide solution, the coordination solvent and the non-polar organic solution; the tin halide solution, the coordination solvent and the non-polar organic solution are mixed Mixing to obtain a second solution; mixing cesium carbonate, oleic acid and octadecene solutions to obtain a cesium oleate solution; mixing and reacting the first solution and cesium oleate solution to obtain a reaction solution; The liquid is centrifuged to obtain intermediate quantum dots; the intermediate quantum dots are dispersed in the non-polar organic solvent, and a second solution is added to make it react to obtain the target quantum dots, thereby avoiding the introduction of Pb during the preparation process. , Cd and other heavy metals, thereby expanding the application range of perovskite quantum dots and avoiding environmental pollution.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种量子点及其制备方法,该量子点的制备方法包括:分别制备第一溶液、第二溶液以及油酸铯溶液;将第一溶液、油酸铯溶液混合并使其发生反应,得到反应液;对所述反应液进行离心分离,得到中间量子点;将所述中间量子点分散于所述非极性有机溶剂中,并加入第二溶液,使其发生反应,得到目标量子点。

Description

一种量子点及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,特别是涉及一种量子点及其制备方法。
背景技术
量子点由于热稳定性较好、量子效率较高、高色域等特性,被广泛地应用。量子点材料具备量子尺寸效应,通过改变粒子的尺寸以及形貌,可以调节体系的荧光光谱,最终可以实现可见光区的全部可调,甚至紫外和近红外区的覆盖。
以钙钛矿量子点为例,由于其电子迁移速率快、激子结合能大、扩散距离长等优异的电学性能以及非常高的荧光量子效率等光学性质,被广泛地应用于太阳能电池、激光器、发光二极管(LED)、平板显示等领域。
技术问题
传统钙钛矿量子点由于合成方法多采用Pb、Cd等重金属,导致其毒性较高,限制了它的推广应用,进而缩小了其应用范围,此外还对环境造成污染。
技术解决方案
本发明的目的在于提供一种量子点及其制备方法,能够扩大钙钛矿量子点的应用范围以及避免对环境造成污染。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种量子点的制备方法,其包括:
将卤化铅溶液、配位溶剂以及非极性有机溶液混合,得到第一溶液;所述卤化铅溶液包括卤化铅和预设溶剂;
将卤化锡溶液、所述配位溶剂以及所述非极性有机溶液混合,得到第二溶液;所述卤化锡溶液包括卤化锡和所述预设溶剂;其中所述卤化铅中所含的卤离子与所述卤化锡中所含的卤离子相同;
将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,得到油酸铯溶液;
将所述第一溶液、所述油酸铯溶液混合并使其发生反应,得到反应液;
对所述反应液进行离心分离,得到中间量子点;以及
将所述中间量子点分散于所述非极性有机溶剂中,并加入所述第二溶液,使其发生反应,得到目标量子点,所述目标量子点包括但不限于CsPb aSn 1-aX 3、CsPb aSn 2-aX 5以及Cs 4Pb aSn 1-aX 6,其中a大于等于0.7。
本发明提供一种量子点的制备方法,其包括:
将卤化铅溶液、配位溶剂以及非极性有机溶液混合,得到第一溶液;所述卤化铅溶液包括卤化铅和预设溶剂;
将卤化锡溶液、所述配位溶剂以及所述非极性有机溶液混合,得到第二溶液;所述卤化锡溶液包括卤化锡和所述预设溶剂;
将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,得到油酸铯溶液;
将所述第一溶液、所述油酸铯溶液混合并使其发生反应,得到反应液;
对所述反应液进行离心分离,得到中间量子点;
将所述中间量子点分散于所述非极性有机溶剂中,并加入第二溶液,使其发生反应,得到目标量子点。
本发明还提供一种量子点,所述量子点包括但不限于CsPb aSn 1-aX 3、CsPb aSn 2-aX 5以及Cs 4Pb aSn 1-aX 6,其中a大于等于0.7。
有益效果
本发明的量子点及其制备方法,通过将卤化铅溶液、配位溶剂以及非极性有机溶液混合,得到第一溶液;将卤化锡溶液、所述配位溶剂以及所述非极性有机溶液混合,得到第二溶液;将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,得到油酸铯溶液;将第一溶液、油酸铯溶液混合并使其发生反应,得到反应液;对所述反应液进行离心分离,得到中间量子点;将所述中间量子点分散于所述非极性有机溶剂中,并加入第二溶液,使其发生反应,得到目标量子点,因而避免制备过程中引入Pb、Cd等重金属,从而扩大钙钛矿量子点的应用范围以及避免对环境造成污染。
附图说明
图1为本发明量子点的制备方法的流程图。
本发明的实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图式,用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语,例如「上」、「下」、「前」、「后」、「左」、「右」、「内」、「外」、「侧面」等,仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此,使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明,而非用以限制本发明。在图中,结构相似的单元是以相同标号表示。
本发明提供一种量子点的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
S101、将卤化铅溶液、配位溶剂以及非极性有机溶液混合,得到第一溶液;
如图1所示,例如,将PbX 2溶液、油酸、油胺以及非极性有机溶液混合并加热,待固体全部溶解,得到PbX 2的油胺油酸配位溶液,也即第一溶液为PbX 2的油胺油酸配位溶液。
其中卤化铅溶液包括卤化铅(PbX 2)和预设溶剂,所述预设溶剂包括但不限于正己烷、甲苯以及氯仿。其中X包括Cl、Br、I中的至少一种。
其中,所述非极性有机溶剂包括十二烷和十八烯中的至少一种。
其中,所述配位溶剂包括但不限于油胺溶液和油酸溶液。
S102、将卤化锡溶液、所述配位溶剂以及所述非极性有机溶液混合,得到第二溶液;
例如,将SnX 2溶液、油酸、油胺以及非极性有机溶液混合并加热,待固体全部溶解,得到SnX 2的油胺油酸配位溶液,第二溶液为PbX 2的油胺油酸配位溶液。
卤化铅溶液包括卤化锡(SnX 2)和预设溶剂,所述预设溶剂包括但不限于正己烷、甲苯以及氯仿。
在一实施方式中,所述卤化铅中所含的卤离子与所述卤化锡中所含的卤离子相同。其中所述卤化铅中所含的卤离子包括Cl、Br、I中的至少一种。
S103、将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,得到油酸铯溶液;
例如,将Cs 2CO 3、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,使固体(碳酸铯)全部溶解,得到油酸铯溶液。
为了提高溶解速率,所述将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,得到油酸铯溶液的步骤包括:
S1031、将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,并在真空环境下加热,使碳酸铯完全溶解,得到油酸铯溶液。
例如,将Cs 2CO 3、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,并在真空环境下加热到一定的温度,使碳酸铯全部溶解,得到油酸铯溶液。
S104、将所述第一溶液、所述油酸铯溶液混合并使其发生反应,得到反应液;
例如,将步骤101中的PbX 2的油胺油酸配位溶液、油酸铯溶液进行混合,使其发生化学反应,得到反应液。
为了提高反应速率,所述将第一溶液、油酸铯溶液混合并使其发生反应,得到反应液的步骤包括:
S1041、将所述第一溶液进行加热后,加入油酸铯溶液,使其发生反应,得到反应液;
例如,预先将第一溶液加热至预设温度,之后再加入油酸铯溶液,使两者发生反应,得到反应液。
S105、对所述反应液进行离心分离,得到中间量子点;
例如,对步骤S104得到的反应液进行离心分离,得到中间量子点。其中所述中间量子点包括CsPbX 3
在一实施方式中,还可将所述反应液冷却至室温后,再对反应液进行离心分离。
S106、将所述中间量子点分散于非极性有机溶剂中,并加入第二溶液,使其发生反应,得到目标量子点。
例如,将步骤S105得到的中间量子点分散于非极性有机溶剂中,得到中间量子点溶液,之后加入步骤S102中的第二溶液,使其发生反应,得到目标量子点。
其中,所述目标量子点可为钙钛矿量子点,所述目标量子点包括但不限于CsPb aSn 1-aX 3、CsPb aSn 2-aX 5以及Cs 4Pb aSn 1-aX 6,其中a大于等于0.7。
在一实施例中,以CsPb aSn 1-aX 3为例,本发明的量子点的制备方法包括以下步骤:
S201、将PbX 2溶液分别与油酸、油胺以及非极性有机溶液混合并加热,待固体全部溶解,得到PbX 2的油胺油酸配位溶液;
例如,在一实施方式中,将0.2mmol的PbX 2溶液与0.5ml的油酸、0.5ml的油胺,3ml的非极性有机溶液混合并加热,待固体全部溶解,得到PbX 2的油胺油酸配位溶液。其中不同卤元素对应的PbX 2的浓度不同。
S202、将SnX 2溶液分别与油酸、油胺以及非极性有机溶液混合并加热,待固体全部溶解,得到SnX 2的油胺油酸配位溶液;
例如,在一实施方式中,将0.2mmol的SnX 2溶液与0.5ml的油酸、0.5ml的油胺,3ml的非极性有机溶液混合并加热,待固体全部溶解,得到SnX 2的油胺油酸配位溶液。其中不同卤元素对应的SnX 2的浓度不同。
S203、将Cs 2CO 3、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,在真空条件下加热至固体全部溶解,得到油酸铯溶液;
例如,在一实施方式中,将0.65g的Cs 2CO 3、2.5ml的油酸(OA)以及18ml的十八烯(ODE)溶液混合,在真空条件下加热120℃-150℃至固体全部溶解,得到油酸铯溶液。
其中油酸铯的重量不限于0.65g,加热温度不限于120℃-150℃。
S204、将PbX 2的油胺油酸配位溶液加热至预设温度,再加入油酸铯溶液反应,冷缺至室温,对上述反应液进行离心分离获得中间量子点。
例如,在一实施方式中,取一定量的PbX 2的油胺油酸配位溶液,将其加热到180℃后,加入0.2ml的油酸铯溶液使其发生反应,5s后骤冷至室温,再对上述反应液进行离心分离获得正方形的CsPbX 3量子点(也即中间量子点),该中间量子点的边长为10nm左右。
S205、将中间量子点重新分散于非极性有机溶剂中,得到中间量子点溶液,常温常压下,向中间量子点溶液中逐滴加入提前配置好的的SnX 2的油胺油酸配位溶液,使其发生反应,得到CsPb aSn 1-aX 3量子点。
例如,以X为Cl元素为例,将中间量子点CsPbCl 3重新分散于非极性有机溶剂中,得到CsPbCl 3的溶液。常温常压下,向CsPbCl 3溶液中逐滴加入提前配置好的SnCl 2的油胺油酸配位溶液,即可获得不同比例的CsPb aSn 1-aCl 3量子点。
其中,a值随着加入SnC1 2的加入量的增加而减小,但a值大于等于0.7。
可以理解的,上述制备方法通过阳离子交换的方法,向CsPbX 3量子点溶液中加入一定比例的SnCl 2或SnBr 2或SnI 2溶液,即可制备CsPbaSn 1-aX 3(X=Cl,Br,I)量子点,也即分别得到CsPbaSn 1-aCl 3、CsPbaSn 1-aBr 3、CsPbaSn 1-aI 3。且离子交换后的量子点与交换前的量子点相比,形貌、尺寸、性能均不发生改变。
其中CsPb aSn 2-aX 5以及Cs 4Pb aSn 1-aX 6的制备方法与此类似,在此不再赘述。其中随着目标量子点中X的原子数量的增多,卤化锡和卤化铅中X的原子数量也相应地增多。
本发明还提供一种量子点,所述量子点包括但不限于CsPb aSn 1-aX 3、CsPb aSn 2-aX 5以及Cs 4Pb aSn 1-aX 6,其中a大于等于0.7。
由于上述方法制备过程中未引入Pb、Cd等重金属,因而不会限制钙钛矿量子点的应用,从而扩大钙钛矿量子点的应用范围,此外还可避免对环境造成污染。
本发明的量子点及其制备方法,通过将卤化铅溶液、配位溶剂以及非极性有机溶液混合,得到第一溶液;将卤化锡溶液、所述配位溶剂以及所述非极性有机溶液混合,得到第二溶液;将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,得到油酸铯溶液;将第一溶液、油酸铯溶液混合并使其发生反应,得到反应液;对所述反应液进行离心分离,得到中间量子点;将所述中间量子点分散于所述非极性有机溶剂中,并加入第二溶液,使其发生反应,得到目标量子点,因而避免制备过程中引入Pb、Cd等重金属,从而扩大钙钛矿量子点的应用范围以及避免对环境造成污染。
综上所述,虽然本发明已以优选实施例揭露如上,但上述优选实施例并非用以限制本发明,本领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,均可作各种更动与润饰,因此本发明的保护范围以权利要求界定的范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种量子点的制备方法,其包括:
    将卤化铅溶液、配位溶剂以及非极性有机溶液混合,得到第一溶液;所述卤化铅溶液包括卤化铅和预设溶剂;
    将卤化锡溶液、所述配位溶剂以及所述非极性有机溶液混合,得到第二溶液;所述卤化锡溶液包括卤化锡和所述预设溶剂;其中所述卤化铅中所含的卤离子与所述卤化锡中所含的卤离子相同;
    将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,得到油酸铯溶液;
    将所述第一溶液、所述油酸铯溶液混合并使其发生反应,得到反应液;
    对所述反应液进行离心分离,得到中间量子点;以及
    将所述中间量子点分散于所述非极性有机溶剂中,并加入所述第二溶液,使其发生反应,得到目标量子点,所述目标量子点包括但不限于CsPb aSn 1-aX 3、CsPb aSn 2-aX 5以及Cs 4Pb aSn 1-aX 6,其中a大于等于0.7。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的量子点的制备方法,其中所述非极性有机溶剂包括十二烷和十八烯中的至少一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的量子点的制备方法,其中所述配位溶剂包括但不限于油胺溶液和油酸溶液。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的量子点的制备方法,其中所述预设溶剂包括但不限于正己烷、甲苯以及氯仿。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的量子点的制备方法,其中
    所述卤化铅中所含的卤离子包括Cl、Br、I中的至少一种。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的量子点的制备方法,其中
    所述中间量子点包括CsPbX 3
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的量子点的制备方法,其中
    所述将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,得到油酸铯溶液的步骤包括:
    将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,并在真空环境下加热,使所述碳酸铯完全溶解,得到油酸铯溶液。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的量子点的制备方法,其中所述将所述第一溶液、所述油酸铯溶液混合并使其发生反应,得到反应液的步骤包括:
    将所述第一溶液进行加热后,加入所述油酸铯溶液,使其发生反应,得到反应液。
  9. 一种量子点的制备方法,其包括:
    将卤化铅溶液、配位溶剂以及非极性有机溶液混合,得到第一溶液;所述卤化铅溶液包括卤化铅和预设溶剂;
    将卤化锡溶液、所述配位溶剂以及所述非极性有机溶液混合,得到第二溶液;所述卤化锡溶液包括卤化锡和所述预设溶剂;
    将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,得到油酸铯溶液;
    将所述第一溶液、所述油酸铯溶液混合并使其发生反应,得到反应液;
    对所述反应液进行离心分离,得到中间量子点;以及
    将所述中间量子点分散于所述非极性有机溶剂中,并加入所述第二溶液,使其发生反应,得到目标量子点。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的量子点的制备方法,其中
    所述目标量子点包括但不限于CsPb aSn 1-aX 3、CsPb aSn 2-aX 5以及Cs 4Pb aSn 1-aX 6,其中a大于等于0.7。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的量子点的制备方法,其中所述非极性有机溶剂包括十二烷和十八烯中的至少一种。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的量子点的制备方法,其中所述配位溶剂包括但不限于油胺溶液和油酸溶液。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的量子点的制备方法,其中所述预设溶剂包括但不限于正己烷、甲苯以及氯仿。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的量子点的制备方法,其中所述卤化铅中所含的卤离子与所述卤化锡中所含的卤离子相同。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的量子点的制备方法,其中所述卤化铅中所含的卤离子包括Cl、Br、I中的至少一种。
  16. 根据权利要求9所述的量子点的制备方法,其中
    所述中间量子点包括CsPbX 3
  17. 根据权利要求9所述的量子点的制备方法,其中
    所述将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,得到油酸铯溶液的步骤包括:
    将碳酸铯、油酸以及十八烯溶液混合,并在真空环境下加热,使所述碳酸铯完全溶解,得到油酸铯溶液。
  18. 根据权利要求9所述的量子点的制备方法,其中所述将所述第一溶液、所述油酸铯溶液混合并使其发生反应,得到反应液的步骤包括:
    将所述第一溶液进行加热后,加入所述油酸铯溶液,使其发生反应,得到反应液。
  19. 一种量子点,其中所述量子点包括但不限于CsPb aSn 1-aX 3、CsPb aSn 2-aX 5以及Cs 4Pb aSn 1-aX 6,其中a大于等于0.7。
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